Method by user equipment, user equipment, and storage medium

Abstract

This UE may obtain a PDCCH configuration. The UE may determine a first control resource set and a first search space set for a system information block 1 on the basis of the PDCCH configuration when a predetermined condition is not satisfied, and determine a second control resource set and a second search space set for the system information block 1 on the basis of the PDCCH configuration when the predetermined condition is satisfied.

Description

Method by user device, user device, and storage medium

[0001] This specification relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] Various devices and technologies, such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine type communication (MTC), and devices requiring high data transmission rates like smartphones and tablet PCs (Personal Computers), are emerging and becoming widespread. Consequently, the amount of data required to be processed in cellular networks is increasing very rapidly. To satisfy this rapidly increasing demand for data processing, technologies such as carrier aggregation and cognitive radio are being developed to efficiently utilize more frequency bands, while technologies such as multi-antenna technology and multi-base station (BS) cooperation are being developed to increase the data capacity transmitted within a limited frequency range.

[0003] Recently, support for wireless communication services via non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) is being considered to provide wireless communication services in locations where providing wireless communication services via terrestrial networks is technically very difficult or costly.

[0004] A method is required to provide wireless communication signals to the UE accurately and efficiently via airborne platforms or space.

[0005] The technical problems that this specification aims to solve are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art related to this specification from the detailed description below.

[0006] In one aspect of the present specification, a method performed by a user device is provided. In another aspect of the present specification, a device is provided comprising: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and, when executed, storing instructions that cause the at least one processor to perform operations. In yet another aspect of the present specification, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores at least one program code including instructions that cause the at least one processor to perform operations when executed. The method or operations may include: obtaining a master information block (MIB) from a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); and obtaining a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) setting related to the scheduling of system information block 1 from the MIB. The above operations may include: determining a first control resource set and a first search space set for the system information block 1 based on the PDCCH setting, based on the fact that a predetermined condition is not satisfied, and performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set. The above operations may include: determining a second control resource set and a second search space set for the system information block 1 based on the PDCCH setting, based on the fact that the predetermined condition is satisfied, and performing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set.

[0007] In each aspect of the specification, the method or operation may include determining that the predetermined condition is not satisfied based on the fact that the reserved 1-bit in the MIB is a first value. In some implementations, the operation may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the reserved 1-bit in the MIB is a second value.

[0008] In each aspect of the present specification, the method or operation may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the received power value of the synchronization signal block (SSB) including the PBCH exceeds a predetermined threshold.

[0009] In each aspect of the specification, the PDCCH setting may include a first setting value regarding a control resource set of the lowest index. In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the first setting value being associated with an index corresponding to a reserved value among multiple indices in a table for the control resource set of the lowest index.

[0010] In each aspect of the present specification, the PDCCH setting may include a second setting value regarding a set of search spaces of the lowest index. In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the second setting value being associated with an index corresponding to a reserved value among multiple indices in the table for the set of search spaces of the lowest index.

[0011] In each aspect of the present specification, the method or operation may determine that the first number indicated by the first setting value is the number of symbols of the first control resource set, based on the fact that the predetermined condition is not satisfied.

[0012] In each aspect of the present specification, the method or operation may include: determining, based on the satisfaction of the predetermined condition, that a second number obtained by adding a predetermined positive integer to the first number indicated by the first set value is the number of symbols of the second control resource set.

[0013] In each aspect of the specification, the method or operation may include determining, based on the satisfaction of the predetermined condition, that a second number obtained by multiplying the first number indicated by the first set value by a predetermined positive integer is the number of symbols of the second control resource set.

[0014] In each aspect of the present specification, the PDCCH setting includes a second setting value regarding a set of search spaces of the lowest index, and the operations may include determining a number of sets of search spaces indicated by the second setting value as the first set of search spaces based on the fact that the predetermined condition is not satisfied.

[0015] In each aspect of the present specification, the PDCCH setting includes a second setting value regarding a set of search spaces of the lowest index, and the operations may include determining twice the number of sets of search spaces indicated by the second setting value as the second set of search spaces based on the determination of the predetermined condition.

[0016] In each aspect of the present specification, the PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding a control resource set of the lowest index and a second setting value regarding a search space set of the lowest index, and the operations are: based on the fact that the predetermined condition is not satisfied, the first control resource set and the first search space set may be determined according to the first setting value and the second setting value by using a first predetermined table for a control resource set of the lowest index and a second predetermined table for a search space set of the lowest index.

[0017] In each aspect of the specification, the PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding a set of control resources of the lowest index and a second setting value regarding a set of search spaces of the lowest index, and the operations are: based on the fulfillment of the predetermined condition, using a third predetermined table for a set of control resources of the lowest index and a fourth predetermined table for a set of search spaces of the lowest index, the second set of control resources and the second set of search spaces may be determined according to the first setting value and the second setting value.

[0018] In each aspect of the present specification, performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set may include assuming that PDCCH aggregation levels 4, 8, and 16 are supported.

[0019] In each aspect of the present specification, performing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set may include assuming that PDCCH aggregation levels 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are supported.

[0020] In each aspect of the present specification, performing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set may include assuming that the same PDCCH is repeated.

[0021] According to some implementations of this specification, wireless communication signals can be efficiently transmitted and received over airborne platforms or space. Accordingly, the overall throughput of the wireless communication system can be increased.

[0022] According to some implementations of this specification, the continuity of wireless communication services can be guaranteed, the reliability of wireless communication services can be enhanced through connectivity between various access technologies, and network resilience and reliability against disasters can be improved.

[0023] According to some implementations of this specification, random access processes in beam-hopping-based NTN communication can be efficiently performed.

[0024] The effects of this specification are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art related to this specification from the detailed description below.

[0025] The attached drawings, included as part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the implementations of this specification, provide examples of the implementations of this specification and describe the implementations of this specification together with the detailed description:

[0026] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating examples of communication devices capable of performing the method according to the present specification;

[0027] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a frame structure available in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system;

[0028] FIG. 3 illustrates a resource grid of slots;

[0029] FIG. 4 illustrates multi-beam operation in a 3GPP-based system;

[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of SS / PBCH blocks (SS / PBCH block, SSB) being transmitted on a cell;

[0031] FIG. 6 illustrates examples of random access (RA) processes;

[0032] FIG. 7 illustrates the initial connection process;

[0033] FIG. 8 illustrates PDCCH monitoring time(s);

[0034] FIG. 9 illustrates a non-terrestrial network (NTN) structure;

[0035] FIG. 10 illustrates an NTN deployment scenario;

[0036] FIG. 11 illustrates synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block and control resource set (CORESET) multiplexing patterns;

[0037] FIG. 12 illustrates slots with PDCCH monitoring times according to the search space #0 setting;

[0038] FIG. 13 illustrates an example of enhanced PDCCH transmission / reception according to some implementations of the present specification;

[0039] FIG. 14 illustrates another example of enhanced PDCCH transmission / reception according to some implementations of the present specification;

[0040] Figure 15 illustrates the overall flow of some implementations of the present specification.

[0041] Implementations according to this specification are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description disclosed below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to describe exemplary implementations of this specification and is not intended to represent the only form in which this specification may be practiced. The detailed description below includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of this specification. However, a person skilled in the art will know that this specification may be practiced without such specific details.

[0042] In some cases, to avoid ambiguity regarding the concepts of this specification, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in the form of block diagrams focusing on the core functions of each structure and device. Additionally, throughout this specification, the same reference numerals are used to describe identical components.

[0043] The techniques, devices, and systems described below can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems.

[0044] For the sake of convenience of explanation, the following description of this specification is based on 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) based communication systems. However, the technical features of this specification are not limited thereto. For example, even though the following detailed description is based on 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE or 5G technology, some implementations of this specification are applicable to any other mobile communication systems and future systems (e.g., 6G), except for those specific to 3GPP LTE / 5G.

[0045] For terms and technologies used in this specification that are not specifically described, refer to 3GPP-based standard documents, e.g., 3GPP TS 23.304, 3GPP TS 23.285, 3GPP TS 23.287, 3GPP TS 24.587, 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.300, 3GPP TS 36.321, 3GPP 36.322, 3GPP TS 36.323, 3GPP TS and 3GPP TS 36.331, 3GPP TS 37.213, 3GPP TS 38.211, 3GPP TS 38.212, You may refer to 3GPP TS 38.213, 3GPP TS 38.214, 3GPP TS 38.300, 3GPP TS 38.321, 3GPP TS 38.322, 3GPP TS 38.323, and 3GPP TS 38.331, etc.

[0046] In the examples of this specification described below, the expression that the device "assumes" may mean that the entity transmitting the channel transmits the channel in accordance with said "assume." It may mean that the entity receiving the channel receives or decodes the channel in a form that conforms to said "assume," under the premise that the channel was transmitted in accordance with said "assume."

[0047] In this specification, UEs may be fixed or mobile and include various devices that communicate with a BS (base station) to transmit and / or receive user data and / or various control information. A UE may be referred to as Terminal Equipment, Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Terminal (MT), User Terminal (UT), etc. Furthermore, in this specification, a BS generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with a UE and / or other BSs, and exchanges various data and control information by communicating with a UE and other BSs. A BS may be referred to by other terms such as Advanced Base Station (ABS), Node-B (NB), eNB (evolved-NodeB), gNB, Base Transceiver System (BTS), Access Point, and Processing Server (PS). For convenience of explanation, base stations are collectively referred to as BSs below, regardless of the type or version of the communication technology.

[0048] In this specification, the term "node" refers to a fixed point capable of transmitting or receiving wireless signals by communicating with a UE. Various types of BSs may be used as nodes regardless of their designation. At least one antenna is installed at a node. The antenna may refer to a physical antenna, an antenna port, a virtual antenna, or an antenna group. A node is also referred to as a point or a transmission and reception point (TRP).

[0049] Meanwhile, 3GPP-based communication systems use the concept of a cell to manage wireless resources, and a cell associated with wireless resources is distinguished from a cell in a geographical area. A "cell" in a geographical area can be understood as the coverage where a node can provide services using a carrier wave, while a "cell" in wireless resources is associated with the bandwidth (BW), which is the frequency range configured by the said carrier wave. Since downlink coverage, which is the range where a node can transmit a valid signal, and uplink coverage, which is the range where a valid signal can be received from a UE, depend on the carrier wave carrying the corresponding signal, the node's coverage is also associated with the coverage of the "cell" of the wireless resources used by the node. Therefore, the term "cell" can be used to refer sometimes to the coverage of a service provided by a node, sometimes to wireless resources, and sometimes to the range where a signal using said wireless resources can reach with effective strength.

[0050] The term "cell" associated with wireless resources may be defined as a combination of downlink resources (DL resources) and uplink resources (UL resources), that is, a combination of a DL component carrier (CC) and a UL CC. A cell may be configured as a DL resource alone or as a combination of a DL resource and a UL resource. Where carrier aggregation is supported, the linkage between the carrier frequency of a DL resource (or DL ​​CC) and the carrier frequency of a UL resource (or UL CC) may be indicated by system information. Here, the carrier frequency may be equal to or different from the center frequency of each cell or CC.

[0051] In a wireless communication system, the UE receives information from the BS via the downlink (DL) and transmits information to the BS via the uplink (UL). The information transmitted and / or received by the BS and the UE includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type and purpose of the information they transmit and / or receive.

[0052] 3GPP-based communication standards define downlink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from upper layers, and downlink physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but not carrying information originating from upper layers. For example, the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) are defined as downlink physical channels, and the reference signal and synchronization signal are defined as downlink physical signals.

[0053] In this specification, PDCCH refers to a set of time-frequency resources (e.g., resource elements (REs)) carrying downlink control information (DCI), and PDSCH refers to a set of time-frequency resources carrying downlink data. Additionally, PUCCH, PUSCH, and PRACH refer, respectively, to sets of time-frequency resources carrying uplink control information (UCI), uplink data, and random access preambles. Hereinafter, the expression that a UE / BS transmits / receives PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH is used to mean that a UCI / uplink data / random access preamble is transmitted / received over or through PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH, respectively. In addition, the expression that BS / UE transmits / receives PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH is used with the same meaning as transmitting / receiving broadcast information / DCI / downlink data on or through PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH, respectively.

[0054] In this specification, radio resources (e.g., time-frequency resources) scheduled or set for a UE by a BS for the transmission or reception of PUCCH / PUSCH / PDSCH are also referred to as PUCCH / PUSCH / PDSCH resources.

[0055] Since the communication device receives physical channels and / or physical signals in the form of radio signals on a cell, it is not possible to selectively receive only radio signals containing only specific physical channels or specific physical signals through a radio frequency (RF) receiver, or to selectively receive only radio signals excluding only specific physical channels or physical signals through an RF receiver. In actual operation, the communication device receives radio signals on a cell through an RF receiver, converts the radio signals, which are RF band signals, into baseband signals, and decodes the physical signals and / or physical channels within the baseband signals using one or more processors. Therefore, in some implementations of this specification, not receiving physical signals and / or physical channels may not actually mean that the communication device does not receive radio signals containing said physical signals and / or physical channels at all, but rather that it does not attempt to recover said physical signals and / or physical channels from said radio signals, for example, not attempt to decode said physical signals and / or physical channels.

[0056] The communication systems to which this specification applies include wireless devices, BSs, and networks. Here, a wireless device may refer to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (e.g., E-UTRA), WiFi, and 6G to be introduced later).

[0057] Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots, transportation vehicles, XR (eXtended Reality) devices, hand-held devices, home appliances, IoT (Internet of Thing) devices, and AI devices / servers. For example, a BS or network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device may act as a BS / network node to other wireless devices.

[0058] Wireless devices can be connected to a network via a BS. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to wireless devices, and wireless devices can be connected to an AI server via a network. Wireless devices can communicate with each other via a BS / network, but they can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without using a BS / network.

[0059] Wireless communication / connection may be established between a wireless device and a BS, between BSs and BSs, and / or between wireless devices. Here, wireless communication / connection may be established through uplink / downlink communication (UL / DL) and sidelink communication (SL) (or D2D communication) via various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR). Through wireless communication / connection (UL / DL, SL), wireless devices and BSs / wireless devices may transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. To this end, based on various proposals of this specification, at least some of the following may be performed: a process for setting various configuration information for the transmission / reception of wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0060] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating examples of communication devices capable of performing a method according to the present specification. Referring to FIG. 1, a first wireless device (100) and a second wireless device (200) can transmit and / or receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies. Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may be wireless devices included in a communication system.

[0061] Each of the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (102, 202) and one or more memories (104, 204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102, 202) controls the memory (104, 204) and / or transceivers (106, 206) and may be configured to implement the functions, procedures and / or methods described / suggested below. For example, the processor (102, 202) may process information within the memory (104, 204) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106, 206). Additionally, the processor (102, 202) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through a transceiver (106, 206) and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in a memory (104, 204). The memory (104, 204) may be connected to the processor (102, 202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102, 202). For example, the memory (104, 204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102, 202) or for performing the procedures and / or methods described / suggested below. Here, the processor (102, 202) and the memory (104, 204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. The transceiver (106, 206) may be connected to a processor (102, 202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108, 208). The transceiver (106, 206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver.

[0062] One or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202), though not limited thereto. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this specification. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this specification. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this specification and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this specification.

[0063] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this specification may be included in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0064] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0065] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit to / receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. of this specification to / from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit to / receive user data, control information, or wireless signals to / from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and / or receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. disclosed in this specification through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this specification, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202). To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0066] In this specification, at least one memory (104, 204) may store instructions or programs, and said instructions or programs may, when executed, cause at least one processor (102, 202) operabably connected to said at least one memory to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of this specification.

[0067] In this specification, a computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium may store at least one instruction or computer program, and when executed by at least one processor, said at least one instruction or computer program may cause said at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of this specification.

[0068] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a frame structure available in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0069] The structure of the frame in FIG. 2 is merely an example, and the number of subframes, slots, and symbols in the frame can be varied. In some wireless communication systems, OFDM numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS)) may be set differently among multiple cells aggregated to a single UE. Accordingly, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmission time interval (TTI)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be set differently among the aggregated cells. Here, the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or, cyclic prefix - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) symbol) or an SC-FDMA symbol (or, discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol). In this specification, the symbols, OFDM-based symbols, OFDM symbols, CP-OFDM symbols, and DFT-s-OFDM symbols may be interchangeable.

[0070] Referring to Fig. 2, uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames. Each frame is T f = (△f max *N f / 100)*T c = has a duration of 10 ms, where T is the basic time unit. c = 1 / (△f max *N f ) and, △f max = 480*10 3 It is Hz, and N f = 4096. For reference, the sampling time T s = 1 / (△f ref *Nf,ref ) and, △f ref = 15*10 3 It is Hz, and N f,ref =2048. T s Wow T c is a constant κ = T s / T c It has a relationship of = 64. A frame consists of 10 subframes, and the period T of a single subframe. sf is 1ms. Subframes are further divided into slots, and the number of slots within a subframe depends on the subcarrier interval. Each slot is based on a cyclic prefix (CP) N slot symb It can be composed of symbols. For example, in some scenarios, for a normal CP, each slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols, and for an extended CP, each slot consists of 12 OFDM symbols. The above numerology is an exponentially scalable subcarrier spacing △f = 2 u It depends on 15 kHz. The following table shows the subcarrier spacing △f = 2 for normalized CP. u *Number of OFDM symbols per slot according to 15 kHz (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot It represents ).

[0071]

[0072] In the following description, implementations of this specification are described by referring to the minimum unit of time for scheduling uplink, downlink, and sidelink transmissions as a slot; however, depending on the wireless communication system, the minimum unit of time for scheduling may be referred to by other terms. For example, in LTE-based systems, the minimum unit of time for scheduling transmissions is referred to as a subframe or transmission time interval (TTI), whereas in NR-based systems, the minimum unit of time for scheduling is referred to as a slot.

[0073] Figure 3 illustrates a resource grid of slots. Slots are multiple (e.g., N) in the time domain. slot symb Includes the symbols of ). For each numeral (e.g., subcarrier interval) and carrier, the common resource block (CRB)N indicated by upper-layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling). start,u grid Starting from,N size,u grid,x *N RB sc individual subcarriers and N subframe,u symb A resource grid of N OFDM symbols is defined. Here, N size,u grid,x is the number of resource blocks (RB) in the resource grid, and the subscript x is DL for downlinks and UL for uplinks. RB sc is the number of subcarriers per RB, and in 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, N RB scis typically 12. There is one resource grid for a given antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration u, and transmission direction (DL or UL). Carrier bandwidth N for subcarrier spacing configuration u. size,u grid This is provided to the UE by upper-layer parameters (e.g., RRC parameters) from the network. Each element within the resource grid for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing u is referred to as a resource element (RE), and a single complex-valued symbol can be mapped to each resource element. Each resource element within the resource grid is uniquely identified by an index k in the frequency domain and an index l in the time domain indicating the symbol position relative to a reference point. RBs can be classified into Common Resource Blocks (CRBs) and Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs). CRBs are numbered upwards from 0 in the frequency domain for subcarrier spacing u. The center of the subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 for subcarrier spacing u coincides with 'Point A', which is the common reference point for the resource block grids. PRBs for subcarrier spacing u are defined within the bandwidth part (BWP) and number from 0 to N size,u BWP,i Numbered up to -1, where i is the number of the above bandwidth part. Common resource block n u CRB and physical resource block n within bandwidth part i PRB The relationships between them are as follows: n u PRB = n u CRB +N start,u BWP,i , here N start,u BWP,iis a common resource block where the above bandwidth part starts relative to CRB 0. A BWP contains multiple contiguous RBs in the frequency domain. For example, a BWP is a given numerator u within a BWP i on a given carrier. i It is a subset of contiguous CRBs defined for. A carrier can contain up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. A UE can be configured to have one or more BWPs on a given component carrier. Data communication is performed through the enabled BWPs, and only a predetermined number (e.g., 1) of the BWPs configured for the UE can be enabled on the carrier.

[0074] Figure 4 illustrates multi-beam operation in a 3GPP-based system.

[0075] 5G and subsequent 3GPP-based systems may utilize high ultra-high frequency bands, such as millimeter frequency bands above 6 GHz, to transmit data to multiple users while maintaining high transmission rates using wide frequency bands. However, due to the use of such high frequencies, millimeter frequency bands exhibit frequency characteristics where signal attenuation with distance occurs very rapidly. Therefore, when using a band of at least 6 GHz or higher, 3GPP-based systems employ a narrow beam transmission technique to compensate for the rapid propagation attenuation characteristics. This technique resolves the problem of reduced coverage caused by rapid propagation attenuation by collecting and transmitting energy in a specific direction rather than omni-direction. However, if service is provided using only a single narrow beam, the service range of a single BS becomes limited; thus, the BS combines multiple narrow beams to provide service as a wide beam.

[0076] Figure 5 illustrates an example of SS / PBCH blocks (SS / PBCH block, SSB) being transmitted on a cell.

[0077] In a 3GPP-based system, each synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SS / PBCH block, i.e., SSB) is associated with each beam. For example, during a half-frame, different SSBs can be transmitted in different spatial directions (using different beams that span the cell's coverage area). The possible time positions of SSBs within a half-frame are determined by the subcarrier interval, and the periododicity of the half-frames in which SSBs are transmitted is set by the network. Multiple SSBs can be transmitted within the carrier frequency span. Different indices of SSBs transmitted / detected on a single cell can correspond to different BS (wide) Tx beams.

[0078] In 3GPP-based systems, multi-beam operation is based on beam switching / beam scanning, which transmits / receives signals by changing beam directions over time. For example, assuming that a BS supports up to N transmission beams, beam sweeping can be performed to transmit a synchronous signal block (SSB) consisting of a PSS, SSS, and PBCH to each of the up to N beam directions (see SSB beam sweeping in Fig. 4).

[0079] Referring again to FIG. 4, the UE can use a wide reception (Rx) beam to measure the power of the received SSB(s) from the BS transmission (Tx) beams and select a preferred beam. For example, the UE can select one SSB from among the detected / received SSBs. 3GPP-based systems define a specific mapping between the SSB and the random access channel (RACH) occasion to enable the network to know which beam the UE has selected. The RACH occasion is the time and frequency resource available for the transmission of the RACH preamble (also called the PRACH preamble). In this specification, the RACH occasion is also referred to as the PRACH occasion.

[0080] Information regarding how many SSBs can be mapped to a single RACH time and how many preamble indices can be mapped to a single SSB may be provided to the UE by the network. For example, if the network configures the number of SSBs per RACH time to 1 / N, one SSB is associated with N RACH times (where N is a positive integer), and if the network configures the number of SSBs per RACH time to N, N preamble indices are mapped to a single SSB. The UE selects an SSB from among the SSBs detected / received by the UE on the cell, and selects and transmits a RACH time based on the selected SSB. The BS can determine which SSB among the SSBs transmitted on the cell the UE has selected by detecting a RACH time including a PRACH from the UE through BS Rx beam sweeping. The BS can determine the BS Tx beam for communication with the UE based on the SSB selected by the UE.

[0081] For finer beam tuning, CSI-RS can be transmitted. The BS can perform beam refinement using CSI-RS transmissions in narrower beams around the BS Tx beam determined based on the RACH time at which PRACH from the UE is detected (see CSI-RS beam sweeping in Fig. 4). The UE can measure the power of the CSI-RS received from these BS Tx narrow beams and report to the BS which beam among the BS Tx narrow beams it prefers. For example, the UE can measure the CSI-RS on the CSI-RS resources to select at least one CSI-RS resource and report to the BS the CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) and the corresponding reference signal received power (RSRP) of the selected CSI-RS resource. The BS can determine a BS Tx narrow beam based on the CRI and / or the corresponding RSRP reported by the UE, and repeatedly transmit CSI-RS to the BS Tx narrow beam (see P3 CSI-RS beam sweeping in Fig. 4) to allow the UE to perform Rx beam sweeping to find an appropriate UE Rx beam. The UE can find an appropriate UE Rx beam by measuring the power of the CSI-RS received in each UE Rx beam.

[0082] The UE can detect beam failures using CSI-RS / SSB. For example, if the L1-RSRP for a beam to be connected falls below a certain threshold, the UE determines that it is a beam failure and searches for another candidate beam of good quality. Upon a predetermined number of beam failure detections, a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure can be triggered using the candidate beam. The network may provide the UE with an identifier (ID) of the SSB transmitted by the cell, which is used to determine the candidate beam for BFR, and a preamble index used to perform BFR when selecting the candidate beam identified by this SSB. Upon a predetermined number of beam failure detections, the UE sends a BFR request to the network by transmitting a PRACH associated with the SSB ID, and the network provides a random access response (RAR) to the UE in response to the BFR request.

[0083] When receiving a PDSCH, with respect to the Doppler shift, Doppler spread average delay, delay spread, and spatial Rx parameters, the UE can assume that the demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) port of the PDSCH is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the associated SSB.

[0084] Figure 6 illustrates examples of random access (RA) processes. Figure 6(a) illustrates a 4-step random access process, and Figure 6(b) illustrates a 2-step random access process.

[0085] In some scenarios, the following two random access processes may be used: 4-stage random access and 2-stage random access. For both the 4-stage random access and the 2-stage random access, contention-based random access (CBRA) and contention-free random access (CFRA) may be supported.

[0086] FIG. 7 illustrates an initial connection process. FIG. 7 illustrates a case where a 4-stage random connection is performed during the random connection process, but a 2-stage random connection is also possible. The 4-stage random connection process and the 2-stage random connection process are respectively referred to as the Type-1 random connection process and the Type-2 random connection process.

[0087] The initial connection process may refer to a series of processes performed between the UE and the BS to obtain a specific identifier (ID) for uplink synchronization and wireless communication. The initial connection process may include downlink synchronization, SIB1 acquisition, and random connection processes.

[0088] A UE that has lost connection with a wireless communication system can first search for a suitable cell to camp on and perform an initial cell search process, such as synchronizing with said cell or its BS. During the initial cell search process, the UE can receive a synchronization signal (SS) and a PBCH on the cell. In some scenarios, a block consisting of a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) is referred to as a synchronization signal block (SSB) or an SS / PBCH block. Based on the PSS / SSS, the UE synchronizes with the BS and obtains information such as the cell identity (ID). Additionally, the UE can obtain broadcast information within the cell based on the PBCH.

[0089] The above UE can obtain PDCCH configuration information regarding a control resource set (CORESET) #0 and a search space #0 for receiving a PDCCH scheduling SIB1 from a master information block (MIB) carried by a PBCH. The above UE can i) determine frequency time domain resources and time domain resource durations for PDCCH monitoring based on information related to CORESET #0 within the PDCCH configuration information, and ii) determine timing for PDCCH monitoring based on information related to search space #0 within the PDCCH configuration information. The above UE can perform PDCCH monitoring within search space #0 on CORESET #0 and detect a PDCCH related to system information scheduling. The above UE can receive and decode a PDSCH carrying a system information block (SIB1) based on downlink control information (DCI) carried by the PDCCH.

[0090] The SIB1 of a cell can define the scheduling of other system information and may include random access channel (RACH) settings regarding cell-specific random access parameters.

[0091] A UE that has acquired the cell's SIB1 can perform a random access process based on the RACH settings within the said SIB1. The random access process can be used for various purposes, such as initial access, uplink adjustment, resource allocation, handover, reconfiguration of the wireless link after a wireless link failure, and localization. In the case of CBRA, since the UE randomly selects a random access (RA) preamble, it is possible for multiple UEs to transmit the same RA preamble simultaneously, which necessitates a contention resolution process. On the other hand, in the case of CFRA, the UE uses the RA preamble uniquely assigned to it by the BS. Therefore, the UE can perform the random access process without conflict with other UEs.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 6(a) and FIG. 7, the 4-step random access process may include steps 1 through 4, and the messages transmitted in steps 1 through 4 may be referred to as Msg1 through Msg4, respectively.

[0093] - Step 1: The UE transmits an RA preamble via PRACH. The UE may select an SSB from among those received on the cell for which the reference signal received power (RSRP) measured based on the SSB exceeds a threshold, and transmit an RA preamble via the PRACH associated with the selected SSB. For example, if random access is required, the UE transmits Msg1 (e.g., preamble) to the BS via PRACH. The BS can distinguish each random access preamble through the time / frequency resource (RA Occasion, RO) and the random access preamble index (Preamble Index, PI) at which the random access preamble was transmitted. When the BS receives a random access preamble from the UE, the BS transmits a RAR message to the UE via PDSCH. Random Access-RNTI (RA-RNTI) can be determined based on the time-frequency resources used for the transmission of PRACH.

[0094] - Step 2: The UE receives a random access response (RAR) from the BS via the PDSCH. In relation to the reception of the RAR, the UE may assume the same numerology (e.g., subcarrier interval) as SIB1. Subcarrier intervals for SIB1, Msg2, Msg4, and MsgB for initial access, paging, and broadcast system information messages may be provided via the MIB. To receive the RAR message, the UE monitors the L1 / L2 control channel (PDCCH), which is masked with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and contains scheduling information for the RAR message, within a preset time window called the RAR window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow). The length of the RAR window may be set by upper-layer signaling (e.g., SIB1), and the RAR window may start at a specific timing after a PRACH transmission (e.g., the first symbol of the fastest control resource set (CORESET) of the Type-1 PDCCH common seek space starting at least one symbol after the PRACH time corresponding to the PRACH transmission). When scheduling information is received via a PDCCH masked with RA-RNTI, the UE may receive a RAR message from the PDSCH indicated by the scheduling information. Subsequently, the UE determines whether there is a RAR for itself in the RAR message. Whether a RAR for itself exists can be determined by whether a RAPID (Random Access preamble ID) exists for the preamble transmitted by the UE. The index of the preamble transmitted by the UE and the RAPID may be the same.RAR includes a corresponding random access preamble index, timing offset information for UL synchronization (e.g., timing advance command (TAC)), UL scheduling information for Msg3 transmission (e.g., UL grant) and UE temporary identification information (e.g., Temporary-C-RNTI, TC-RNTI).

[0095] - Step 3: Upon receiving the RAR, the UE transmits Msg3 via PUSCH on the same cell from which the UE transmitted PRACH, according to the UL scheduling information and timing offset value within the RAR. The PUSCH carrying Msg3 may be scrambled by the TC-RNTI within Msg2 and transmitted. Msg3 may include the UE's ID (or the UE's global ID). Additionally, Msg3 may include information related to an RRC connection request for initial access to the network (e.g., an RRCSetupRequest message). Msg3 may include the 5G-S temporary mobile subscriber identity (5G-S-TMSI), etc. In some scenarios, when a UE receives a PDSCH with Msg2 ending in slot #n, the UE transmits a PUSCH carrying the corresponding Msg3 in slot #(n+K2+△), where K2 can be obtained from a UL grant within the RAR and △ can be determined according to the table below.

[0096]

[0097] Here, the subcarrier spacing u used for the PUSCH transmission carrying Msg3 is PUSCHmay be the same as the subcarrier interval provided through the MIB. If a contention resolution timer (e.g., ra-ContentionResolutionTimer) is set through RRC signaling (e.g., SIB1), when the UE transmits Msg3, the contention resolution timer is started or restarted at the first symbol after the end of the Msg3 transmission, or at the first symbol after the end of all iterations of the Msg3 transmission if the Msg3 transmission is scheduled as a PUSCH iteration.

[0098] - Step 4: The UE can perform PDCCH monitoring based on TC-RNTI. If a contention resolution timer (e.g., ra-ContentionResolutionTimer) is set via RRC signaling (e.g., SIB1), the UE can attempt to receive a PDCCH within the PDCCH common seek space while the contention resolution timer is running. When a PDCCH with a scrambled CRC is detected by TC-RNTI, the UE can receive a contention resolution message from the BS via the PDSCH corresponding to the PDCCH. Msg4 may include the UE's ID and / or information related to the RRC connection (e.g., an RRCSetup message). If a C-RNTI MAC control element (CE) was included in Msg3 and a PDCCH received by the UE while the competition resolution timer is running is addressed in the C-RNTI, the UE may consider the competition resolution successful, stop the competition resolution timer, discard the TC-RNTI, and consider the random access process to have been successfully completed. If a common control channel (CCCH) SDU was included in Msg3 and a PDCCH received by the UE while the competition resolution timer is running is addressed in its TC-RNTI, and a MAC PDU carried by a PDSCH scheduled by the PDCCH is successfully decoded, the UE may stop the competition resolution timer.If the above MAC PDU includes a UE Contention Resolution Identity MAC CE and the UE Contention Resolution Identity within the above UE Contention Resolution Identity MAC CE matches the CCCH SDU transmitted to Msg3, the UE may consider the competition resolution to be successful, discard the TC-RNTI, and consider this random access process to be successfully completed. If, while the above-mentioned competition resolution timer is running (i.e., before the above-mentioned competition resolution timer expires), the UE does not receive the PDCCH addressed in the C-RNTI within the C-RNTI MAC CE transmitted via Msg3, or does not receive the PDCCH addressed in its TC-RNTI, or fails to successfully decode the MAC PDU within the PDSCH corresponding to the PDCCH addressed in its TC-RNTI, or even if the MAC PDU is successfully decoded, the UE competition resolution identifier within the MAC PDU does not match the CCCH SDU transmitted via Msg3, the UE may consider the competition resolution to be unsuccessful. If the competition resolution is unsuccessful and the random access process is not completed, the UE may perform a random access resource selection process for transmitting Msg1 (if the above-mentioned random access process is a 4-stage random access process) or a random access resource selection process for transmitting MsgA (if the above-mentioned random access process is a 2-stage random access process).

[0099] Referring to FIG. 6(b), the two-stage random access process may consist of two stages: the transmission of MsgA from the UE to the BS and the transmission of MsgB from the BS to the UE. The transmission of MsgA may include the transmission of an RA preamble via PRACH and the transmission of a UL payload via PUSCH. In the transmission of MsgA, PRACH and PUSCH may be transmitted using time division multiplexing (TDM). Alternatively, in the transmission of MsgA, PRACH and PUSCH may be transmitted using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

[0100] A BS that receives MsgA may transmit MsgB to a UE. MsgB may include a RAR for said UE. After MsgA transmission, said UE monitors for a response from the network within a time window to monitor for a RAR for a two-stage random access process. The length of said time window may be set by upper-layer signaling, and said time window may start at a specific timing after MsgA transmission (e.g., the first symbol of the fastest CORESET of the Type-1 PDCCH common seek space starting at least one symbol after the last symbol of the PUCCH time corresponding to the PRACH transmission of said MsgA transmission).

[0101] A message related to an RRC connection request (e.g., RRCSetupRequest message) requesting to establish a connection between the RRC layer of the BS and the RRC layer of the UE may be transmitted by being included in the payload of MsgA. In this case, MsgB may be used to transmit RRC connection-related information (e.g., RRCSetup message). Alternatively, the RRC connection request message (e.g., RRCSetupRequest message) may be transmitted via PUSCH transmitted based on a UL grant within MsgB. In this case, the RRC connection-related information (e.g., RRCSetup message) related to the RRC connection request may be transmitted via PDSCH associated with said PUSCH transmission after the PUSCH transmission based on MsgB.

[0102] In some scenarios, regarding the PRACH preamble, the total number of available preambles within each time-frequency PRACH occasion is 64. A total of 64 preambles can be generated depending on the cycle transition value and the root sequence value.

[0103] FIG. 8 illustrates PDCCH monitoring time(s). FIG. 8 illustrates PDCCH monitoring time(s) according to the search space for the case where the PDCCH monitoring cycle is 10 slots, the PDCCH monitoring offset is 2 slots, the search space duration is 3 slots, the PDCCH monitoring pattern is '10000001000000', and the associated CORESET duration is 2 symbols.

[0104] In a 3GPP-based system, a control resource set (CORESET), which is a set of time-frequency resources that allows a UE to monitor a PDCCH, may be defined and / or configured. For each downlink (DL) BWP configured for a UE within a serving cell, one or more CORESETs may be configured for the UE. A CORESET consists of a set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) having a duration of one to three OFDM symbols. The PRBs constituting the CORESET and the CORESET duration may be provided to the UE via upper layer (e.g., RRC) signaling. Within the configured CORESET(s), a set of PDCCH candidates is monitored according to the corresponding search space sets. In this specification, monitoring implies decoding (also known as blind decoding) each PDCCH candidate according to the monitored DCI formats. The master information block (MIB) on the PBCH provides the UE with parameters (e.g., setting CORESET#0) for monitoring the PDCCH to schedule the PDSCH carrying the system information block (SIB1). The PBCH may also indicate that there is no associated SIB1; in this case, the UE may be instructed on a frequency range where it can assume there is no SSB associated with SIB1, as well as other frequencies to search for the SSB associated with SIB1. At least CORESET#0, which is the CORESET for scheduling SIB1, can be set via the MIB or dedicated RRC signaling.

[0105] The set of PDCCH candidates monitored by the UE is defined in terms of the sets of PDCCH search spaces. The sets of search spaces can be the common search space (CSS) set or the UE-specific search space (USS) set. The UE can monitor PDCCH candidates in one or more of the following sets of search spaces.

[0106] Type0-PDCCH CSS Set

[0107] Type0A-PDCCH CSS Set

[0108] Type1-PDCCH CSS Set

[0109] Type2-PDCCH CSS Set

[0110] Type3-PDCCH CSS Set

[0111] USS Set

[0112] Among these, the Type0-PDCCH CSS set is a CSS set configured by PDCCH-ConfigCommonsearchSpaceSIB1 and PDCCH-ConfigCommonsearchSpaceZero for a DCI format with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by the system information radio network temporary identity (SI-RNTI) on the primary cell of the master cell group (MCG).

[0113] Each CORESET configuration is associated with one or more search space sets, and each search space set is associated with one CORESET configuration. For each DL BWP configured for a UE within a serving cell, the UE may be provided with one or more search space sets through upper-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). For each of the search space sets, the UE may be provided with relevant information regarding the associated CORESET and parameters used to determine the occasions for performing PDCCH monitoring (e.g., parameters regarding the PDCCH monitoring period and PDCCH monitoring offset, parameters regarding the PDCCH monitoring pattern within the slot, such as monitoringSymbolsWithinSlot, which represents the first symbol(s) of the CORESET for PDCCH monitoring within each slot in which the UE monitors PDCCH, and parameters such as duration, which represents the number of slots in which the corresponding search space set exists).

[0114] The UE determines the PDCCH monitoring time on the active DL BWP from the PDCCH monitoring time, the PDCCH monitoring offset, and the PDCCH monitoring pattern within the slot. The symbol corresponding to the bit set to 1 in the RRC parameter monitoringSymbolsWithinSlot is the starting symbol of the PDCCH monitoring time, and the PDCCH monitoring time includes a number of OFDM symbols corresponding to the duration of the CORESET associated with the search space in the time domain, and is defined in the frequency domain by the PRBs constituting the CORESET.

[0115] Figure 9 illustrates a non-terrestrial network (NTN) structure.

[0116] Recently, discussions have been underway to enable 3GPP-based systems to support non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). An NTN is any network that includes non-terrestrial flying objects. If wireless communication via NTN becomes possible in 3GPP-based systems, the continuity of wireless communication services can be guaranteed, the reliability of wireless communication services can be enhanced through connectivity between various access technologies, and network resilience and reliability against disasters can be improved. For the sake of convenience of explanation, the following terms are used below.

[0117] - NTN: A radio access network composed of BSs that provides non-terrestrial radio access to UEs using NTN payloads and NTN gateways mounted on airborne or space-borne NTN vehicles.

[0118] - NTN Gateway: An earth station located on the surface that provides connectivity to NTN payloads using feeder links. The NTN Gateway is a transport network layer (TNL) node.

[0119] - NTN Payload: A network node mounted on a satellite or high altitude platform station that provides connectivity functions between a service link and a feeder link, or a satellite or high altitude platform station that provides high altitude platform connectivity.

[0120] - Service Link: Wireless link between the NTN payload and the UE.

[0121] - Feeder Link: A wireless link between the NTN gateway and the NTN payload.

[0122] - Satellite: A space-borne vehicle orbiting the Earth while carrying an NTN payload.

[0123] - NTN Cell: A cell that provides a service link between the UE and the NTN payload.

[0124] Referring to FIG. 9, the NTN gateway is connected to an NTN payload mounted on a satellite or a high altitude platform system (HAPS), etc., via a feeder link. The NTN payload is connected to a UE via a service link. The NTN gateway can be connected to the core network of a 3GPP-based system.

[0125] The NTN payload transmits radio protocols received from the UE (via a service link) to the NTN gateway (via a feeder link) and transmits radio protocols received from the NTN gateway (via a feeder link) to the UE (via a feeder link). The NTN gateway can service multiple NTN payloads, and NTN payloads can be serviced by multiple NTN gateways. For NTN, the tracking area may correspond to a fixed geographical area, and each mapping can be established in the radio access network.

[0126] The following three types of service links are supported:

[0127] - Earth-fixed service link: A service link provisioned by beam(s) that continuously cover the same geographic areas (e.g., in the case of GSO satellites).

[0128] - Quasi-Earth-fixed service link: A service link supplied by beam(s) that cover one geographic area for a limited period and another geographic area for another period (e.g., in the case of NGSO generating steerable beams).

[0129] - Earth-moving service link: A service link supplied by beam(s) whose coverage area slides over the Earth's surface (e.g., in the case of NGSO satellites generating fixed or non-steerable beams).

[0130] NTN can include satellite communication networks, air-to-ground networks, UAV networks, etc. One of the key concepts in NTN is that NTN cells are provided by non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellites that periodically orbit the Earth. Each satellite has its own orbit, which is included in satellite position estimation information. Based on satellite position estimation information, the network can predict feeder link switchovers and manage UE mobility and radio resource control. A BS providing NTN access can broadcast orbital trajectory information or ephemeris information regarding coordinates for NTN payloads. EphemerisInfo can provide satellite position estimation in the format of position and velocity state vectors or in the format of orbital parameters. The following tables provide examples of descriptions of the EphemerisInfo information elements broadcast by BS and the fields of EphemerisInfo IE.

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] Satellite communication networks may include LEO (low Earth orbit) satellites, MEO (medium Earth orbit) satellites, and GEO (geosynchronous Earth orbit) satellites as follows.

[0134]

[0135] The following are examples of NTN deployment scenarios.

[0136]

[0137] Referring to the NTN Batch-D3 and NTN Batch-D4 scenarios, the S-band of 2 to 4 GHz and the Ka-band of 26 to 40 GHz are considered as satellite frequency bands for LEO.

[0138] Figure 10 illustrates an NTN deployment scenario. In particular, Figure 10 illustrates a case where multi-beam operation is applied to the NTN deployment-D4 scenario among the NTN deployment scenarios illustrated in Table 6.

[0139] Since LEO satellites operating in the Ka-band experience severe path loss, multi-beam operation can be considered for LEO satellites in the Ka-band, as exemplified in Fig. 10.

[0140] According to the NTN Batch-D4 scenario, the beam footprint formed on the ground by beams steered from the satellite toward the ground area is fixed to the Earth. However, from the perspective of the UE on the ground, the beam direction that the UE must see changes over time. The following describes implementations of this specification for cases where multi-beam operation is applied in the NTN Batch-D4 scenario.

[0141] Due to issues such as long propagation delay and large Doppler shift, various enhancements are required for communication technologies developed or defined for terrestrial networks (TN) to support NTN. In particular, due to long delays that affect monitoring functionality, it is necessary to support link-level enhancement for the PDCCH search space, specifically the PDCCH Common Search Space (CSS) where multiple UEs perform common monitoring. For link-level enhancement of the PDCCH search space, for example, the following techniques may be considered.

[0142] Intra-slot PDCCH repetition and / or inter-slot PDCCH repetition

[0143] CORESET length (e.g., number of OFDM symbols) extension

[0144] The MIB contains the following system information transmitted over the broadcast channel (BCH).

[0145]

[0146] The field pdcch-ConfigSIB1 within the MIB determines the common control resource set (CORESET), the common search space, and necessary PDCCH parameters. The information element (IE) contained in the field pdcch-ConfigSIB1, PDCCH-ConfigSIB1, is used to set CORESET #0 and search space #0. IEPDCCH-ConfigSIB1 includes the parameter controlResourceSetZero, which determines the common CORESET with identifier (ID) #0, and the parameter searchSpaceZero, which determines the common search space with ID #0.

[0147] During cell search, if the UE determines from the MIB that a CORESET for a Type0-PDCCH CSS set exists, the UE determines the number of consecutive resource blocks and the number of consecutive symbols based on the parameter controlResourceSetZero in the field pdcch-ConfigSIB1 included in the MIB, as described in the tables defined in the standard document (e.g., see Tables 13-0 to 13-10, Table 13-1A, Table 13-4A, and Table 13-10A of 3GPP TS 38.213), and determines the PDCCH monitoring times based on the parameter searchSpaceZero in the field pdcch-ConfigSIB1 included in the MIB, as described in the tables defined in the standard document (e.g., see Tables 13-11 to 13-15A of 3GPP TS 38.213).

[0148] The following table is Table 13-1 of 3GPP TS 38.213, showing the set of resource blocks and slot symbols of CORESET for a Type0-PDCH search space set when the {SS / PBCH block, PDCCH} subcarrier spacing (SCS) is {15, 15} kHz for frequency bands with a minimum channel bandwidth of 5 MHz or 10 MHz.

[0149]

[0150] The following table is Table 13-5 of 3GPP TS 38.213, showing the set of resource blocks and slot symbols of the CORESET for the Type0-PDCH search space set when the {SS / PBCH block, PDCCH} SCS is {30, 15} kHz for frequency bands with a minimum channel bandwidth of 40 MHz.

[0151]

[0152] In Tables 8 and 9, “SS / PBCH block and CORESET multiplexing pattern” defines the locations of the SSB, CORESET, and PDSCH (hereinafter referred to as RMSI PDSCH) carrying SIB1, also called remaining minimum system information (RMSI), in time and / or frequency.

[0153] FIG. 11 illustrates synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block and control resource set (CORESET) multiplexing patterns.

[0154] Referring to Fig. 11, pattern 1 is time domain multiplexing, pattern 2 is CORESET, which is time and frequency domain multiplexing, and pattern 3 is frequency domain multiplexing.

[0155] Which of the tables defined in the standard document will be used for the parameter controlResourceSetZero can be determined based on the frequency range in which the MIB is acquired, the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the SS / PBCH, and the PDCCH SCS which can be determined based on subcarrierSpacingCommon within the MIB, and which of the tables defined in the standard document will be used for the parameter searchSpaceZero can be determined based on the frequency range in which the MIB is acquired, the SS / PBCH block and CORESET multiplexing pattern, the SCS of the SS / PBCH, and the PDCCH SCS.

[0156] The control resource set (CORESET) is N in the frequency domain. CORESET RB N with RBs in the time domain CORESET symbolIt consists of symbols. A CORESET includes multiple resource element groups (REGs). The REGs within a CORESET are numbered in a time-first increasing order, starting with 0 for the first OFDM symbol of the CORESET and the lowest-numbered resource block of the CORESET. A REG is equivalent to one resource block for one OFDM symbol, and six REGs form one control channel element (CCE). A UE may be configured with multiple CORESETs, and each CORESET is associated with only one CCE-to-REG mapping. The CCE-to-REG mapping for a CORESET may be interleaved or non-interleaved and may be described by REG bundles.

[0157] A REG bundle i is defined as REGs {iL, iL + 1, ..., iL + L - 1}, where L is the REG bundle size and i = 0, 1, ..., N CORESET REG / L - 1, and N CORESET REG = N CORESET RB N CORESET symbol is the number of REGs in the above CORESET.

[0158] CCE j consists of REG bundles {f(6j / L), f(6j / L + 1), ..., f(6j / L + 6 / L - 1)}, where f(·) is an interleaver.

[0159] For a non-interleaved CCE-to-REG mapping, L = 6 and f(x) = x. For an interleaved CCE-to-REG mapping, N CORESET symbol For = 1, L∈{2, 6} and NCORESET symbol For ∈ {2, 3}, L∈{N CORESET symbol , 6}, and the interleaver is defined by the following:

[0160] f(x) = (rC + c + n shift ) mod (N CORESET REG / L)

[0161] x = cR + r

[0162] r = 0,1, ...,R-1

[0163] c = 0,1, ...,C-1

[0164] C = N CORESET REG / (L*R),

[0165] Here, R∈{2, 3, 6}.

[0166] For CORESET #0, which is set by IEControlResourceSetZero provided by the MIB or IEPDCCH-ConfigCommon used to set cell-specific PDCCH parameters provided by the SIB, the UE can assume that the same precoding is used within the interleaved mapping and REG bundle.

[0167] For search space #0, the timing of PDCCH monitoring and the SSB index are mapped one-to-one. For example, for an SS / PBCH block and CORESET multiplexing pattern 1, the UE monitors the PDCCH within the Type0-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set over two consecutive slots starting from slot n0. For an SS / PBCH block of index i, the UE floor{(O*2 u + floor(i*M)) / N frame,u slot If} mod 2 = 0, then SFNC System frame number (SFN) satisfying mod 2 = 0 C In a frame containing, or floor{(O*2 u + floor(i*M)) / N frame,u slot If} mod 2 = 1, then SFN C The index of slot n0 within the frame containing an SFN satisfying mod 2 = 1 is n0 = {O*2 u + floor(i*M)} mod N frame,u slot It is determined as, where u∈{0,1,2,3,5,6} based on the SCS for PDCCH receptions within CORESET. M and O are provided by the table used for the parameter searchSpaceZero (e.g., see Tables 13-11 and 13-12 of 3GPP TS 38.213), and the index for the first symbol of CORESET within slots n0 and n0+1 is the first symbol index provided by the said table.

[0168] As another example, for SS / PBCH blocks and CORESET multiplexing patterns 2 and 3, the UE monitors the PDCCH within the Type0-PDCCH CSS set across a single slot with a Type0-PDCCH CSS set period that is the same as the periododicity of the SS / PBCH block. For SS / PBCH blocks and CORESET multiplexing patterns 2 and 3, if the active DL BWP is the initial DL BWP, the UE is expected to perform measurements for wireless link monitoring and wireless resource management using the SS / PBCH block providing the CORESET for the Type0-PDCCH CSS set. For the SS / PBCH block of index i, the UE is expected to perform measurements for slot index n based on the parameters provided by the table used for the parameter searchSpaceZero (e.g., see Tables 13-13 through 13-15 of 3GPP TS 38.213). C and SFN C Determines.

[0169] The following table is Table 13-11 of 3GPP TS 38.213, showing parameters for PDCCH monitoring times for Type0-PDCCH CSS set - SS / PBCH block and CORESET multiplexing pattern 1 and frequency range 1. One of the index values ​​0 to 15 in Table 10 can be determined by the parameter searchSpaceZero.

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] FIG. 12 illustrates slots with PDCCH monitoring times according to the search space #0 setting. In particular, FIG. 12 illustrates slots with a Type0-PDCCH set for the UE to monitor PDCCH candidates according to Table 10.

[0173] The Type0-PDCCH CSS set can be defined by the CCE aggregation levels given by the following table and the number of PDCCH candidates per CCE aggregation level.

[0174]

[0175] The CCE aggregation level is the number of CCEs that constitute a single PDCCH candidate. The required size of the CORESET varies depending on the CCE aggregation level for a Type0-PDCCH CSS set. For example, when the CCE aggregation level = 16, there is 1 PDCCH candidate within the Type0-PDCCH CSS set, and since one PDCCH candidate consists of 16 control channel elements (CCEs) and each CCE consists of 6 REGs, referring to the table above, the CORESET is required to contain at least 96 REGs. To have the CORESET contain 96 REGs, a 2-symbol CORESET must contain at least 48 resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain, and a 3-symbol CORESET must contain at least 32 RBs in the frequency domain.

[0176] According to communication standard documents defined to date, CORESET #0 can only be configured with 1, 2, or 3 symbols, and the configuration of additional symbols for CORESET #0 is not permitted. For CORESET #0 and Search Space #0 configured by MIB, since the UE performs PDCCH monitoring at the monitoring time determined based on the said MIB, communication standard documents defined to date do not allow the BS to notify the UE even if it performs a PDCCH iteration. Therefore, it is difficult to apply enhanced PDCCH behavior, including PDCCH iteration, for CORESET #0 and Search Space #0 configured by MIB. Since the PDCCH transmitted / received in CORESET #0 and Search Space #0 schedules a PDCCH carrying SIB1, which is essential for connecting to the cell, it is particularly necessary to apply enhanced PDCCH behavior. Accordingly, a method is required to direct / configure enhanced PDCCH behavior for CORESET #0 and / or Search Space #0.

[0177] <Implementation #1. Notifying the UE whether enhanced PDCCH is applied>

[0178] By notifying that enhanced PDCCH behavior is applied to CORESET #0 and search space #0 configured by the MIB, the UE can be enabled to perform PDCCH monitoring according to the enhanced PDCCH behavior. To this end, the following may be considered.

[0179] * Alt #1. Referring to Table 7, the MIB has one bit that is reserved and unused. In some implementations of this specification, the BS may use the reserved 1-bit in the MIB to indicate whether the BS performs enhanced PDCCH operations for CORESET #0 and seek space #0. For example, if the reserved bit in the MIB is set to a value of 0, it indicates legacy operations where enhanced PDCCH operations are not applied, and if the reserved bit in the MIB is set to a value of 1, it indicates enhanced PDCCH operations.

[0180] * Alt #2. In some implementations of this specification, a threshold may be introduced to allow the UE to determine whether enhanced PDCCH operation is performed. The threshold may be a predefined value. The UE may select an SSB and perform a base RSRP measurement based on the SSB, and if the measured RSRP value is less than the threshold, determine that enhanced PDCCH operation is performed, otherwise transmit a RACH preamble at the RACH time associated with the selected SSB as before.

[0181] * Alt #3. Enhanced PDCCH behavior can be communicated to the UE using index values ​​corresponding to reserved fields in the CORESET #0 table (e.g., the table for the parameter ControlResourceSetZero in the MIB) or the Search Space #0 table (e.g., the table for the parameter SearchSpaceZero in the MIB). Some index values ​​of some of the tables associated with CORESET #0 defined in 3GPP TS 38.213 (e.g., Tables 13-0 through 13-10, Table 13-1A, Table 13-4A, Table 13-10A of 3GPP TS 38.213) and some of the tables associated with Search Space #0 (e.g., see Tables 13-11 through 13-15A of 3GPP TS 38.213) are reserved. If the parameter ControlResourceSetZero in the MIB indicates a reserved index value, or the parameter SearchSpaceZero in the MIB indicates a reserved index value, or if both the parameters ControlResourceSetZero and SearchSpaceZero in the MIB indicate reserved index values, it may mean that a PDCCH operation is performed for CORESET #0 and SearchSpace #0.

[0182] * Alt #4. In the existing operation, the UE monitors PDCCH candidates for a Type0-PDCCH CSS set according to DCI format 0_0 used to schedule PUSCH to one cell and / or DCI format 1_0 used to schedule PDSCH to one downlink cell. In some implementations of this specification, new DCI formats may be introduced for enhanced PDCCH operation. Hereinafter, the DCI format for enhanced PDCCH operation for scheduling PUSCH is referred to as DCI format X_0, and the DCI format for enhanced PDCCH operation for scheduling PDSCH is referred to as DCI format Y_0. When the UE monitors a DCI format corresponding to an enhanced PDCCH, it may reinterpret CORESET #0 and search space #0 configured in the MIB to perform a PDCCH monitoring operation (operation #1, e.g., see implementation #2 below) or perform a new PDCCH monitoring operation corresponding to the enhanced PDCCH (operation #2, e.g., see implementation #3 below). In some implementations, the UE may perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming there are no PDCCH iterations when monitoring PDCCH candidates according to DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 1_0 for a Type0-PDCCH CSS set, and may perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming there are PDCCH iterations when monitoring PDCCH candidates according to DCI format X_0 and / or DCI format Y_0 for a Type0-PDCCH CSS set.

[0183] <Implementation #2. For enhanced PDCCH behavior, reinterpret CORESET #0 and / or seek space #0>

[0184] * Alt #1. Parameters of existing table(s) related to CORESET #0 and search space #0 can be reinterpreted.

[0185] ** Alt #1-1. The number of symbols in CORESET #0 defined in the existing table may be reinterpreted. For example, N corresponding to the index indicated by the parameter ControlResourceSetZero within the MIB CORESET symbol This can be reinterpreted. In some implementations, the number of symbols N indicated for CORESET CORESET symbol It can be assumed that the duration of the CORESET for the enhanced PDCCH is equal to the value determined by adding α. For example, if α is set or defined as 2, the number of indicated symbols N CORESET symbol If this is 1, 2, or 3, the duration of the CORESET for the enhanced PDCCH can be considered or assumed, respectively, to be 3, 4, or 5 symbols. In some implementations, the number of symbols N specified for the CORESET CORESET symbol It can be assumed that the duration of the CORESET for the enhanced PDCCH is equal to the value determined by multiplying by α. For example, if α is set or defined as 2, the number of indicated symbols N CORESET symbol If this is 1, 2, or 3, the duration of the CORESET for the enhanced PDCCH can be considered or assumed to be 2, 4, or 6 symbols, respectively.

[0186] ** Alt #1-2. The monitoring times determined by search space #0 may be reinterpreted. In the case of search space #0, one SSB index is associated with one PDCCH monitoring time. In some implementations of this specification, one SSB index may be associated with N PDCCH monitoring times, where N is a positive integer. For example, in the case where SSB indices #0, #1, #2, and #3 are previously associated with PDCCH monitoring times #1, #2, #2, and #4, according to some implementations of this specification, when N=2, SSB #0 may be associated with PDCCH monitoring times #1 and #2, and SSB #1 may be associated with PDCCH monitoring times #3 and #4. In some implementations, when one SSB index is associated with N PDCCH monitoring times greater than 1, an in-slot PDCCH iteration may be performed. For example, if SSB#0 is associated with two PDCCH monitoring times within the slot, the UE may attempt PDCCH decoding by assuming that the same DCI will be transmitted in each of the two PDCCH monitoring times.

[0187] * Alt #2. For CORESET #0 and Search Space #, a new table for enhanced PDCCH may be defined instead of the existing table. If certain conditions are met (e.g., for CORESET #0 and Search Space #0 where enhanced PDCCH behavior is applied according to Implementation #1), the UE assumes an enhanced table instead of the existing table for CORESET #0 and Search Space #0. The enhanced table is defined to support an extended symbol length for CORESET #0 and to support multiple PDCCH monitoring times for the same SSB for Search Space #0.

[0188] * Alt #3. Higher aggregation levels may be assumed. Referring to Table 12, aggregation levels 4, 8, and 16 are supported for CORESET #0 and Search Space #0, whereas aggregation levels 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32 may be supported for CORESET #0 and Search Space #0 for enhanced PDCCH. For example, if the UE instructs or determines that enhanced PDCCH operation is performed for CORESET #0 and Search Space #0, it may perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming PDCCH candidates of 4-CCE, 8-CCE, 16-CCE, 24-CCE, or 32-CCE for the Type0-PDCCH CSS set.

[0189] <Implementation #3. For enhanced PDCCH behavior, perform the new PDCCH monitoring behavior>

[0190] For the enhanced PDCCH, a new PDCCH monitoring operation can be performed.

[0191] * Alt 1. FIG. 13 illustrates an example of enhanced PDCCH transmission / reception according to some implementations of this specification. The BS performs inter-slot PDCCH repetition, and the UE can perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming inter-slot PDCCH repetition. If a configured PDCCH monitoring time exists in slot n, the BS and the UE can assume that a PDCCH repetition occurs in slot n+1. The BS and the UE can perform PDCCH monitoring for a PDCCH repetition even if no PDCCH monitoring time is configured in the slot corresponding to the repetition. The BS and the UE can perform PDCCH transmission / monitoring in slot n and slot n+1, respectively, by assuming that PDCCH monitoring times associated with the same SSB exist in slot n and slot n+1. In the case of multiplexing pattern 1, the UE conventionally monitors the PDCCH within a Type0-PDCCH CSS set across two consecutive slots starting from slot n0. In some implementations, for multiplexing pattern 1, the UE can perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming that the same PDCCH is transmitted in each of two consecutive slots starting from slot n0. For multiplexing patterns 2 and 3, conventionally, the UE monitors the PDCCH within a Type0-PDCCH CSS set over a single slot with a Type0-PDCCH CSS set cycle that is the same as the SS / PBCH block cycle. In some implementations, for multiplexing patterns 2 and 3, the UE can consider or assume that if there is a monitoring time in slot n, there is also a monitoring time for PDCCH repetition in slot n+X. In this case, the UE can perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming that the same PDCCH is transmitted in slot n and slot n+X, respectively.Referring to Fig. 13, when X = 1, BS transmits the same PDCCH in slot n and slot n+1 respectively, and UE can perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming that the same PDCCH is transmitted in slot n and slot n+1 respectively.

[0192] * Alt 2. FIG. 14 illustrates another example of enhanced PDCCH transmission / reception according to some implementations of the present specification. In particular, the example in FIG. 14 illustrates the case where CORESET #0 and seek space #0 are configured according to index 0 of Table 10 or Table 11. The BS performs inter-slot PDCCH repetition, and the UE can perform PDCCH monitoring by assuming inter-slot PDCCH repetition. In the case of inter-slot PDCCH repetition, the PDCCH may be repeated multiple times within a single slot. If the first symbol index of the CORESET for the configured PDCCH monitoring time is A and the symbol length of the CORESET (e.g., number of symbols) is B, then there exists a CORESET starting at symbol A+B+1, and it can be assumed that a PDCCH transmitted on the CORESET of duration B starting at symbol A is also repeated on the CORESET of duration B starting at symbol A+B+1. A CORESET (or search space or monitoring time) assumed by the UE may be assumed to be connected to the same SSB as the existing CORESET. According to the NR conventional standard, for multiplexing pattern 1, the index of the first symbol of the CORESET is explicitly set. For multiplexing patterns 2 and 3, the index of the first symbol of the CORESET is determined by the location of the SSB.

[0193] FIG. 15 illustrates the overall flow of some implementations of the present specification. Referring to FIG. 15, when BS and UE interpret or apply PDCCH-related settings (S1501) for PDCCH transmission / reception scheduling SIB1, if a predetermined condition is not satisfied (S1503, No), they may perform legacy operations based on said PDCCH-related settings (S1505a). If said predetermined condition is satisfied (S1503, Yes), BS and UE may perform enhanced operations based on said PDCCH-related settings (S1505b). For example, if the condition(s) or setting(s) for applying the enhanced PDCCH described in Implementation #1 are satisfied (S1503, Yes), BS and UE may reinterpret the CORESET #0 and search space #0-related settings according to the aforementioned Implementation #2 to perform PDCCH transmission / monitoring (S1505b). As another example, for instance, if the condition(s) or setting(s) to which the enhanced PDCCH described in Implementation #1 applies are satisfied (S1503, Yes), the BS and the UE can repeatedly transmit / receive the PDCCH according to the aforementioned Implementation #3 (S1505b).

[0194] According to some implementations of this specification, the control channel can be reliably transmitted.

[0195] A UE may perform operations according to some implementations of this specification. A UE may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of this specification. A processing device for a UE may include at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of this specification. A computer-readable (non-transient) storage medium may store at least one computer program including instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, cause said at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of this specification. A computer program or computer program product is written on at least one computer-readable (non-transient) storage medium and may include instructions that, when executed, cause (at least one processor) to perform operations according to some implementations of this specification. In the UE, the processing unit, the computer-readable (non-transient) storage medium, and / or the computer program product, the operations may: obtain a master information block (MIB) from a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); and obtain a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) setting related to the scheduling of system information block 1 from the MIB.The above operations may include: determining a first control resource set and a first search space set for the system information block 1 based on the PDCCH setting, based on the fact that a predetermined condition is not satisfied, and performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set. The above operations may include: determining a second control resource set and a second search space set for the system information block 1 based on the PDCCH setting, based on the fact that the predetermined condition is satisfied, and performing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set.

[0196] In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is not satisfied based on the fact that the reserved 1-bit in the MIB is a first value. In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the reserved 1-bit in the MIB is a second value.

[0197] In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on whether the received power value of the synchronization signal block (SSB) including the PBCH exceeds a predetermined threshold.

[0198] In some implementations, the PDCCH setting may include a first setting value (e.g., IEControlResourceSetZero) regarding the control resource set of the lowest index. In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the first setting value is associated with an index corresponding to a reserved value among multiple indices in the table for the control resource set of the lowest index.

[0199] In some implementations, the PDCCH setting may include a second setting value (e.g., IESearchSpaceZero) regarding the search space set of the lowest index. In some implementations, the operations may include determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the second setting value being associated with an index corresponding to a reserved value among multiple indices in the table for the search space set of the lowest index.

[0200] In some implementations, the above operations may determine that the first number indicated by the first setting value is the number of symbols in the first control resource set, based on the fact that the above predetermined condition is not satisfied.

[0201] In some implementations, the operations may include determining, based on the satisfaction of the predetermined condition, that a second number obtained by adding a predetermined positive integer to the first number indicated by the first set value is the number of symbols of the second control resource set.

[0202] In some implementations, the operations may include determining, based on the satisfaction of the predetermined condition, that a second number obtained by multiplying the first number indicated by the first set value by a predetermined positive integer is the number of symbols in the second control resource set.

[0203] In some implementations, the PDCCH setting includes a second setting value regarding a set of search spaces of the lowest index, and the operations may include determining a number of search space sets indicated by the second setting value as the first set of search spaces based on the fact that the predetermined condition is not satisfied.

[0204] In some implementations, the PDCCH setting includes a second setting value regarding a set of search spaces of the lowest index, and the operations may include determining twice the number of search space sets indicated by the second setting value as the second set of search spaces based on the determination of the predetermined condition.

[0205] In some implementations, the PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding a control resource set of the lowest index and a second setting value regarding a search space set of the lowest index, and the operations are: based on the fact that the predetermined condition is not satisfied, the first control resource set and the first search space set may be determined according to the first setting value and the second setting value by using a first predetermined table for the control resource set of the lowest index and a second predetermined table for the search space set of the lowest index.

[0206] In some implementations, the PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding a control resource set of the lowest index and a second setting value regarding a search space set of the lowest index, and the operations are: based on the fulfillment of the predetermined condition, using a third predetermined table for a control resource set of the lowest index and a fourth predetermined table for a search space set of the lowest index, the second control resource set and the second search space set may be determined according to the first setting value and the second setting value.

[0207] In some implementations, performing PDCCH monitoring on the first set of control resources according to the first set of search spaces may include assuming that PDCCH aggregation levels 4, 8, and 16 are supported.

[0208] In some implementations, performing PDCCH monitoring on the second set of control resources according to the second set of search spaces may include assuming that PDCCH aggregation levels 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are supported.

[0209] In some implementations, performing PDCCH monitoring on the second set of control resources according to the second set of search spaces may include assuming that the same PDCCH is repeated.

[0210] As described above, the examples of this specification disclosed are provided to enable a person skilled in the art related to this specification to implement and practice this specification. Although the foregoing has been described by reference to the examples of this specification, a person skilled in the art may modify and change the examples of this specification in various ways. Accordingly, this specification is not intended to be limited to the examples described herein, but to be given the broadest possible scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0211] Implementations of this specification may be used in wireless communication systems, BS or UE, or other equipment.

Claims

1. In a method performed by user equipment, Acquire a master information block (MIB) from a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); Obtain physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) settings related to the scheduling of system information block 1 from the above MIB; Based on the fact that the predetermined conditions are not met, Based on the above PDCCH settings, a first control resource set and a first search space set for the system information block 1 are determined, and Performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set; and Based on the satisfaction of the above predetermined conditions, Based on the above PDCCH settings, a second control resource set and a second search space set for the system information block 1 are determined, and Completing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set. method.

2. In Paragraph 1, It is determined that the predetermined condition is not satisfied based on the fact that the reserved 1-bit in the above MIB is the first value, and Further comprising determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the reserved 1-bit in the MIB is a second value, method.

3. In Paragraph 1, Further comprising determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the received power value of the synchronization signal block (SSB) including the above PBCH exceeds a predetermined threshold. method.

4. In Paragraph 1, The above PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding the control resource set of the lowest index, and The method further comprises determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the first setting value is associated with an index corresponding to a reserved value among multiple indices in a table for the control resource set of the lowest index. method.

5. In Paragraph 1, The above PDCCH setting includes a second setting value regarding the search space set of the lowest index, and The method further comprises determining that the predetermined condition is satisfied based on the fact that the second setting value is related to an index corresponding to a reserved value among multiple indices in a table for the search space set of the lowest index. method.

6. In Paragraph 1, The above PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding the control resource set of the lowest index, and Based on the fact that the above predetermined condition is not satisfied, the first number indicated by the first setting value is determined to be the number of symbols of the first control resource set, and Based on the satisfaction of the above-determined condition, further comprising determining that the second number obtained by adding a predetermined positive integer to the first number indicated by the first setting value is the number of symbols of the second control resource set. method.

7. In Paragraph 1, The above PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding the control resource set of the lowest index, and Based on the fact that the above predetermined condition is not satisfied, the first number indicated by the first setting value is determined to be the number of symbols of the first control resource set, and Based on the satisfaction of the above-determined condition, further comprising determining that the second number obtained by multiplying the first number indicated by the first setting value by a predetermined positive integer is the number of symbols of the second control resource set. method.

8. In Paragraph 1, The above PDCCH setting includes a second setting value regarding the search space set of the lowest index, and Based on the fact that the above predetermined condition is not satisfied, the number of search space sets indicated by the second setting value is determined as the first search space set, and Based on the satisfaction of the above-determined condition, further comprising determining twice the number of search space sets indicated by the second setting value as the second search space sets. method.

9. In Paragraph 1, The above PDCCH setting includes a first setting value regarding the control resource set of the lowest index and a second setting value regarding the search space set of the lowest index, and Based on the fact that the above-determined condition is not satisfied, the first control resource set and the first search space set are determined according to the first setting value and the second setting value by using a first predetermined table for the control resource set of the lowest index and a second predetermined table for the search space set of the lowest index, and Based on the satisfaction of the above-determined conditions, using a third predetermined table for the control resource set of the lowest index and a fourth predetermined table for the search space set of the lowest index, the second control resource set and the second search space set are determined according to the first setting value and the second setting value. method.

10. In Paragraph 1, Performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set includes assuming that PDCCH aggregation levels 4, 8, and 16 are supported, and Performing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set includes assuming that PDCCH aggregation levels 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are supported, method.

11. In Paragraph 1, Performing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set includes assuming that the same PDCCH is repeated. method.

12. At least one processor; and It includes at least one computer memory operablely connectable to the at least one processor and, when executed, stores instructions that cause the at least one processor to perform operations, wherein the operations are: Acquire a master information block (MIB) from a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); Obtain physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) settings related to the scheduling of system information block 1 from the above MIB; Based on the fact that the predetermined conditions are not met, Based on the above PDCCH settings, a first control resource set and a first search space set for the system information block 1 are determined, and Performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set; and Based on the satisfaction of the above predetermined conditions, Based on the above PDCCH settings, a second control resource set and a second search space set for the system information block 1 are determined, and Completing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set. User device.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores at least one program code comprising instructions that cause at least one processor to perform operations when executed, and said operations are: Acquire a master information block (MIB) from a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); Obtain physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) settings related to the scheduling of system information block 1 from the above MIB; Based on the fact that the predetermined conditions are not met, Based on the above PDCCH settings, a first control resource set and a first search space set for the system information block 1 are determined, and Performing PDCCH monitoring on the first control resource set according to the first search space set; and Based on the satisfaction of the above predetermined conditions, Based on the above PDCCH settings, a second control resource set and a second search space set for the system information block 1 are determined, and Completing PDCCH monitoring on the second control resource set according to the second search space set. Storage medium.

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