Biowaste-derived graphene material with magnetic properties for water treatment
A graphene oxide catalyst with CoFe2O4 loading, synthesized from waste potato peels, addresses the inefficiencies of existing graphene synthesis methods by effectively removing Cr(VI) and BPA, and enabling catalyst recovery and reuse for efficient water treatment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KARADENIZ TEKNIK UNIVERSITESI TEKNOLOJI TRANSFERI UYGULAMA & ARASTIRMA MERKEZI MUDURLUGU
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for synthesizing graphene materials for water treatment are inefficient in removing Cr(VI) heavy metal, bisphenol A (BPA), and disease-causing microorganisms, and lack a means for catalyst recovery and reuse.
A graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties is synthesized using waste potato peels and loaded with CoFe2O4 catalyst, enabling effective removal of Cr(VI) and BPA, and allowing recovery and reuse by magnetic separation.
The graphene oxide catalyst effectively removes Cr(VI) and BPA from contaminated water, while being recoverable and reusable, thus enhancing treatment efficiency and reducing waste.
Abstract
Description
[0001] DESCRIPTION
[0002] BIOWASTE-DERIVED GRAPHENE MATERIAL WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES FOR WATER TREATMENT
[0003] TECHNICAL FIELD
[0004] The invention relates to a graphene material with magnetic properties for cleaning contaminated water containing Cr(VI) heavy metal, bisphenol a (BPA), which interferes with the normal functioning of the endocrine system in the body, and disease-causing microorganisms.
[0005] PRIOR ART
[0006] In the state of the art, the Hummers method (William S. Hummers Jr. and Richard E. Offeman, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 6, 1339, https: / / doi.org / 10.1021 / ja01539a017) is commonly used for synthesizing graphene material. In this method, graphene synthesis was carried out using commercial graphite flakes (-325 mesh particle size, natural).
[0007] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The object of invention is to make it possible to clean contaminated water containing Cr(VI) heavy metal, bisphenol a (BPA), which interferes with the normal functioning of the endocrine system in the body, and disease-causing microorganisms by using a graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties, which emerges with the loading of CoFe204catalyst on graphene oxide. However, at the end of the cleaning process, the graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties can be recovered from the water medium with the help of a magnet. The recovered graphene can be washed several times with deionized water and then reused in dirty water treatment.
[0009] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0010] Within the scope of the invention, graphene oxide synthesis is carried out. In this synthesis, waste potato peels were used as starting material instead of commercial graphite. Potato peels were dried and the dried potato peels were ground with a laboratory blender. The ground peels were carbonized in a pyrolysis reactor system at 800°C for 2 hours under N2gas (100 cm3 / min). The graphite obtained by these steps is used in the synthesis of graphene oxide. In the next step, the prepared graphite was oxidized to graphene oxide. The Hummers method known in the literature was modified and used. Graphite prepared from the waste was reacted with strong oxidation reagents such as potassium permanganate and high concentrations of sulfuric acid. The mixture was stirred in a magnetic stirrer for 48 hours. Thus, oxidation of waste- derived graphite to graphene oxide was achieved. In order to impart magnetic properties to the prepared graphene oxide material, CoFe2C>4 catalyst was synthesized to load the waste-derived graphene oxide material. This makes it possible to clean contaminated water containing Cr(VI) heavy metal, bisphenol a (BPA), which interferes with the normal functioning of the endocrine system in the body, and disease-causing microorganisms by using a graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties, which emerges with the loading of CoFe2C>4 catalyst on the obtained graphene oxide. However, at the end of the cleaning process, the graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties can be recovered from the water medium with the help of a magnet. The recovered graphene can be washed several times with deionized water and then reused in dirty water treatment.
[0011] The details of the process steps given above are given below. Within the scope of the invention:
[0012] - The potatoes were thoroughly washed with water and then peeled. The potato peels were washed with deionized (DI) water to remove impurities. The peels were dried in the open air at room temperature for 7 days. The dried peels were ground with a laboratory blender.
[0013] - The ground peels were carbonized in a pyrolysis reactor system at 800°C and for 2 hours under N2gas (100 cm3 / min).
[0014] - In the previous step, 2g of the carbonized powder was slowly added to 92 mL of H2SO4(98%) in an ice bath. The mixture was stirred in an ice bath on a magnetic stirrer for 20-25 min and then 2 g of NaNOs was added very slowly. The mixture was stirred in an ice bath until it cools (~ 0°C). At this stage, the Graphite prepared from the waste is reacted with strong oxidation reagents such as potassium permanganate and high concentrations of sulfuric acid. The prepared graphite is oxidized to graphene oxide by adding H2SO4, NaNOs, KMnO4 reagents and shaking in a magnetic stirrer for 48 hours. - The mixture was then kept at 35°C in a water bath and stirred for 1 hour. After 1 hour, the mixture was placed in a silicone oil bath and after the silicone oil bath reached 90°C, the heater switch of the magnetic stirrer was turned off and 140 mL of DI (deionized) water was added very slowly. The mixture was stirred in the silicone oil bath for another 1 h, and finally, after cooling to room temperature, 400 mL of DI water and then 14 mL of H2O2 (30%) was added dropwise to the mixture. Washing and centrifugation processes were repeated five times. Finally, the solid sample was dried in open air to obtain graphene oxide.
[0015] Solvothermal process was applied to synthesize CoFe2C>4 (Cobalt ferrite) used as catalyst. In this context:
[0016] - 150 mL of ethylene glycol was added to a 250 mL-flask containing 1 ,680 g of FeCl3.6H2O and 1 ,027 g of C0CI2, and the suspension is dispersed in an ultrasonic bath for 2 hours. Then 3 g of polyethylene glycol and 10.8 g of sodium acetate were added to the mixture and stirring was continued for 1 hour. The mixture was then solvothermally treated at 180°C for 8 hours in a Teflon autoclave. Finally, the solvent of the mixture was evaporated in an oven at 180°C and the resulting material was washed several times with DI water and ethanol and dried in an oven at 80°C.
[0017] Loading of CoFe2C>4 catalyst on the surface of GO (graphene oxide):
[0018] -To load the CoFe204catalyst on the surface of GO, a beaker was filled with 30 ml of DI (deionized) water and 0.05 g of GO was added. Then 0.05 g of CoFe204catalyst was mixed with 50 ml of DI water in a 250 ml-beaker. Each sample was stirred in a continuous magnetic stirrer for 1 hour. In addition, the GO particles were sonicated in an ultrasonic bath for 1 hour to homogeneously disperse in DI water. The ultrasonic solution of the first beaker was then mixed with the ultrasonic solution of the second beaker. The mixture was sonicated in an ultrasonic bath for 1 hour and stirred in a magnetic stirrer for 24 hours. Each solution was then dried in an oven at 70°C.
[0019] As mentioned above, this makes it possible to clean contaminated water containing Cr(VI) heavy metal, bisphenol a (BPA), which interferes with the normal functioning of the endocrine system in the body, and disease-causing microorganisms by using a graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties, which emerges with the loading of CoFe204 catalyst on the obtained graphene oxide. However, at the end of the cleaning process, the graphene oxide catalyst with magnetic properties can be recovered from the water medium with the help of a magnet. The recovered graphene can be washed several times with deionized water and then reused in dirty water treatment.
Claims
CLAIMS1. Biowaste-derived graphene material with magnetic properties for water treatment, characterized in that it comprises graphene oxide loaded with CoFe2C>4 catalyst and derived from waste potato peels.
2. Production of biowaste-derived graphene material with magnetic properties for water treatment, characterized by the steps of- washing potato peels with deionized (DI) water to remove impurities,- drying the peels in the open air,- grinding the dried peels,- carbonizing the ground peels,- adding the carbonized peel powder to H2SO4 (98%),- stirring the mixture in an ice bath until it cools on the magnetic stirrer and adding NaNO3to the mixture,- oxidizing the obtained graphite to graphene oxide by shaking with H2SO4, NaNO3, KMnO4reagents in a magnetic stirrer,- then stirring the mixture in a water bath,- ensuring that the temperature of the mixture reaches 90°C in the silicone oil bath,- adding DI (deionized) water,- continuing to stir the mixture in a silicone oil bath and after cooling to room temperature, adding DI water and then H2O2(30%) to the mixture,- repeating washing and centrifugation processes and performing drying process to obtain graphene oxide,- loading CoFe204catalyst on the surface of GO.
3. The step of loading CoFe204catalyst on the surface of GO according to claim 2, characterized by the steps of- filling a beaker with 30 ml of DI (deionized) water and adding 0.05 g of GO,- mixing 0.05g of CoFe204catalyst with 50ml of DI water in another beaker,- stirring each sample in a continuous magnetic stirrer for 1 hour,- performing sonication in an ultrasonic bath for 1 hour to homogeneously disperse GO particles in DI water,- mixing the ultrasonic solution of the first beaker with the ultrasonic solution of the second beaker,- sonicating the mixture in an ultrasonic bath for 1 hour and stirring in a magnetic stirrer for 24 hours, - then drying each solution in an oven at 70°C.