Energy storage apparatus, power supply system, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application discloses an energy storage apparatus, a power supply system, and an electronic device. The energy storage apparatus comprises at least two energy storage sub-modules. The energy storage sub-modules can output high-voltage power and can also store electric energy inputted from the outside. Each energy storage sub-module comprises an energy storage unit and a power unit. The power unit can control the conversion of an alternating current and a direct current so as to control the charging and discharging processes of the energy storage unit. By coupling a first end of a first equipotential apparatus to a medium in a medium pipe, connecting a second end of the first equipotential apparatus and an equipotential point of a positive power bus or an equipotential point of a negative power bus of the power unit, and electrically connecting the first end and the second end of the first equipotential apparatus, a potential difference between the medium in the medium pipe and the energy storage sub-module is limited within a certain range. In addition, the other end of the medium pipe is coupled to a ground potential, thereby achieving the objective of more uniform potential distribution within the entire energy storage apparatus and avoiding the problem of internal discharge caused by excessive potential difference between the energy storage sub-modules.

Description

Energy storage devices, power supply systems and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage energy storage technology, specifically to an energy storage device, a power supply system, and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional battery energy storage products, the battery potential level is relatively low (e.g., the battery potential is no greater than 1500V). The water-cooling system used in this battery energy storage product does not require clamping points; the battery water-cooling plate is grounded, and the water-cooling plate and battery are designed with full insulation. The fire-fighting piping is directly arranged inside the container and battery cabinet, insulated from the battery by air. Therefore, in this structure, both the water-cooling device and the fire-fighting piping are directly grounded through the container.

[0003] In the field of high-voltage energy storage, the water and fire-fighting pipelines of high-voltage energy storage submodules are directly grounded, which may generate a high potential difference inside the submodule and pose a significant safety hazard. Technical issues

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides an energy storage device, a power supply system, and electronic equipment, which can solve the problem that the direct grounding of water and fire-fighting pipelines in current energy storage devices leads to a high potential difference inside the system, which poses a safety hazard. Technical solutions

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes:

[0006] At least two energy storage sub-modules, each including an energy storage unit and a power unit, with the power unit connected to the energy storage unit. The power unit includes a positive power bus and a negative power bus. The power units of the at least two energy storage sub-modules are cascaded through either the positive power bus or the negative power bus.

[0007] Medium conduit, used to flow medium, one end of medium conduit is coupled to power unit and / or energy storage unit, and the other end of medium conduit is coupled to ground potential;

[0008] The first equipotential device has a first end coupled to the medium pipeline and a second end coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus. The first end and the second end of the first equipotential device are electrically connected.

[0009] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage device includes at least two energy storage sub-modules. The energy storage sub-modules can output high-voltage electricity or store externally input electrical energy. Each energy storage sub-module includes an energy storage unit and a power unit. The power unit is used to perform power conversion on the energy storage unit to realize the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit. By cascading adjacent power units, the negative power bus of one power unit is connected to the positive power bus of the next power unit, thereby forming a high-voltage energy storage device to achieve the purpose of providing high-voltage electricity to the outside or storing externally input electrical energy. The medium is used to flow through the medium pipeline. The first end of the first equipotential bonding device is coupled to the medium in the medium pipeline, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus or the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit. The first end and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device are electrically connected, so that the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline and the energy storage submodule is limited to a certain range. The other end of the medium pipeline is coupled to the ground potential to decouple the medium source or circulation component on the ground from the high voltage end, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the equipment. This realizes the introduction of the potential of the energy storage submodule into the medium in the medium pipeline. At this time, the main circuit of the power unit is coupled to the ground potential through the medium in the medium pipeline, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range, achieving a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device. This avoids the problem of internal discharge caused by excessive potential difference in the energy storage submodule, and also avoids the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge of the energy storage device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the position where the first terminal of the first equipotential device is coupled to the medium conduit satisfies the following condition:

[0011] A. Under the action of pressure division, the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline closest to the energy storage submodule and the energy storage submodule is less than the air discharge threshold.

[0012] B. The electric field energy density inside the medium pipeline is less than the dielectric discharge threshold inside the medium pipeline.

[0013] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the medium in the medium pipeline is coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus through the first and second ends of the first equipotential device. The potential of the energy storage submodule is grounded through the medium in the medium pipeline, and the medium in the medium pipeline divides the potential of the energy storage submodule. Since one end of the medium pipeline is coupled to the power unit or the energy storage unit, the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline and the energy storage submodule under the voltage division effect is less than the air discharge threshold. Furthermore, by setting the electric field energy density in the medium pipeline to be less than the discharge threshold of the medium in the medium pipeline, the medium in the medium pipeline has sufficient impedance. This avoids the problem of excessive potential difference between the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline closest to the energy storage submodule and the potential of the energy storage submodule, which could lead to internal discharge. It also avoids the problem of the energy storage submodule discharging through the medium in the medium pipeline.

[0014] In some embodiments, the location where the first end of the first equipotential device is coupled to the medium pipeline includes the area of ​​the medium pipeline opposite to or covered by the energy storage submodule connected to the second end of the first equipotential device.

[0015] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the medium pipeline can be a fire-fighting pipeline or a heat exchange pipeline. The portion of the medium pipeline opposite to or covered by the energy storage submodule, due to its proximity to the submodule, may have a certain potential within its internal medium. Furthermore, because there is equivalent insulation between the medium in the medium pipeline and the energy storage submodule, the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline under voltage division and the potential between the medium pipeline and the energy storage submodule is relatively large, posing a risk of internal discharge within the energy storage submodule. By connecting the first terminal of the first equipotential bonding device to the medium pipeline opposite to or covered by the corresponding energy storage submodule, the distance between the medium pipeline in the opposite or covered area and the energy storage submodule is reduced. Since the length of the medium pipeline in this area is limited, the voltage drop generated by the medium is also limited. This allows the potential difference between the energy storage submodule and the medium in its adjacent medium pipeline to be kept within a small range, reducing the probability of an excessively large potential difference between the medium pipeline and the energy storage submodule, and thus reducing the risk of internal discharge within the energy storage submodule.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power unit includes a first connection port and a second connection port, the first connection port and the second connection port being connected to the positive power bus and the negative power bus of the power unit, respectively;

[0017] The second end of the first equipotential bonding device is connected to either the first connection port or the second connection port.

[0018] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, adjacent power units are connected in series through a first connection port and a second connection port. The first connection port of the power unit can serve as the positive terminal of the energy storage device, or be connected to the second connection port of the previous power unit through a positive power bus. The second connection port of the power unit can serve as the negative terminal of the energy storage device, or be connected to the first connection port of the next power unit through a negative power bus. In this way, multiple power units can accumulate the potentials of multiple energy storage submodules to form a high-voltage energy storage device, which outputs high-voltage electricity. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device is connected to the first connection port or the second connection port, which allows the potential of the energy storage submodule to be coupled to the medium pipe through the first equipotential bonding device, and then coupled to the ground potential through the medium in the medium pipe. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipe can be clamped, reducing the potential difference between the energy storage submodule and the medium in the adjacent medium pipe, reducing the risk of internal discharge of the energy storage submodule. Furthermore, the medium pipe and the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit are located on the same side, which has the advantage of being close to each other, making the connection between the medium pipe and the power unit simpler and reducing the risk of interference from the potentials of other components.

[0019] In some embodiments, the energy storage submodule further includes a switch, and the power unit includes a third connection port, which is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage unit via the switch;

[0020] The second end of the first equipotential bonding device is connected to the negative DC bus between the third connection port and the switch.

[0021] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the third connection port in the power unit is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage unit via a switch. This switch isolates the energy storage unit and the power unit, and disconnects the main circuit of the corresponding energy storage unit from the main circuit of the power unit in case of a fault, reducing the safety risk of the energy storage device. By connecting the second end of the first equipotential bonding device to the negative DC bus between the third connection port and the switch, the device can be connected to the main circuit of the power unit. The activation and deactivation of the energy storage unit do not affect the potential on the first equipotential bonding device, allowing the main circuit of the power unit to be connected to ground potential via a dielectric pipe. This limits the potential difference between different potential points within the energy storage device to a small range, achieving a more uniform potential distribution throughout the entire energy storage device and reducing the risk of internal discharge of the high-voltage energy storage system due to potential difference concentration on the frame.

[0022] In some embodiments, the medium pipeline includes a main pipeline and branch pipelines, the branch pipelines being used for heat exchange with the power unit and / or energy storage unit;

[0023] The first equipotential bonding device is connected to the equipotential point of the medium pipeline. The equipotential point of the medium pipeline is located in the first connecting region between the main pipeline and the branch pipeline, wherein the first connecting region includes the area where the main pipeline and the branch pipeline are in contact.

[0024] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the branch pipe is coupled to the power unit and / or energy storage unit to achieve heat exchange between the power unit and / or energy storage unit. Due to differences in distance from the energy storage submodule or pipe diameter between the main pipe and the branch pipe, the potential difference of the medium within the main pipe and the branch pipe is relatively large. By setting the first end of a first equipotential bonding device in the first connecting region between the main pipe and the branch pipe, and coupling the second end of the first equipotential bonding device to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus, the potential of the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit is introduced into the medium within the first connecting region via the first equipotential bonding device. Thus, the medium in the interaction region between the main pipe and the branch pipe serves as a reference potential. This not only limits the potential difference between different potential points within the energy storage device to a small potential range, but also limits the potential difference of the medium within the medium pipe to a small potential range, achieving a more uniform potential distribution throughout the energy storage device and reducing the impact of potential difference concentration in the branch pipe on the internal discharge of the branch pipe.

[0025] In some embodiments, at least two energy storage submodules are stacked, and adjacent energy storage submodules are insulated from each other by insulators;

[0026] The energy storage submodule closest to ground potential in at least two stacked energy storage submodules is coupled to the medium pipeline through a first equipotential device.

[0027] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting up multiple energy storage sub-modules stacked together, an energy storage device can be formed by multiple energy storage sub-modules, and adjacent energy storage sub-modules are insulated and isolated by insulators. When the clamping points of the dielectric pipeline and the energy storage submodule are different, the potential difference between the dielectric pipeline and the energy storage submodule will be different. The further forward the clamping point is in the cascaded energy storage submodule, the higher the position of the energy storage submodules stacked together is from the ground potential, and the greater the potential difference between the dielectric pipeline and the energy storage submodule closest to the ground potential. The energy storage submodule closest to the ground potential among the stacked energy storage submodules is coupled to the dielectric in the dielectric pipeline through the first equipotential device. The potential of the energy storage submodule closest to the ground potential can be introduced into the dielectric in the corresponding dielectric pipeline as the reference potential of the entire dielectric pipeline. Based on this, the potential difference between the other stacked submodules and the energy storage submodule closest to the ground potential is 0 to several times the voltage of the energy storage submodule itself (e.g., 1500V), and the difference between the other submodules and the reference potential of the entire dielectric pipeline is also 0 to several times the voltage of the energy storage submodule itself, which is much smaller than the air discharge voltage threshold, making it safe and reliable.

[0028] In some embodiments, at least two of the energy storage submodules are arranged horizontally; each of the energy storage submodules is coupled to the medium pipeline through the first equipotential device.

[0029] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting multiple energy storage sub-modules horizontally on an electric platform, an energy storage system can be formed by multiple energy storage sub-modules. Each energy storage sub-module is coupled to a medium pipeline through a first equipotential bonding device. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline can be evenly distributed. The potential difference between adjacent energy storage sub-modules is related to the clamping position of the adjacent first equipotential bonding device. Since each energy storage sub-module is clamped to the region of its corresponding medium pipeline, the potential difference between other energy storage sub-modules and the medium in their adjacent medium pipelines can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of discharge in the energy storage system due to excessive potential difference.

[0030] In some embodiments, at least two energy storage submodules are horizontally arranged on the electric platform;

[0031] At least two horizontally arranged energy storage submodules are coupled to the medium pipeline at the first and last positions through a first equipotential bonding device.

[0032] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting multiple energy storage sub-modules horizontally on the electric platform, an energy storage system can be formed by multiple energy storage sub-modules. By coupling the energy storage sub-modules at the beginning and end positions to the medium in the medium pipeline through corresponding first equipotential devices, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline can be uniformly distributed. In this way, by using the potential of the medium in the beginning and end regions of the medium pipeline as a reference potential, the potential of the medium between the beginning and end regions can be uniformly distributed, which can reduce the potential difference between other energy storage sub-modules and the medium in the adjacent medium pipeline, thereby reducing the risk of discharge in the energy storage system due to excessive potential difference.

[0033] In some embodiments, at least two first equipotential bonding devices are provided on the same medium pipeline, and an insulating pipeline is provided between adjacent first equipotential bonding devices.

[0034] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least two first equipotential devices can be set on the same medium pipeline, and by setting the medium pipeline between adjacent first equipotential devices as an insulating pipeline, at least two potentials can be introduced into the medium in the same medium pipeline as reference potentials. The first ends of the at least two first equipotential devices can be coupled to unused positions in the medium pipeline, and the second ends of the at least two first equipotential devices can be coupled to the same potential or to different potentials. In this way, the medium in the medium pipeline can be distributed with the potentials introduced by the at least two first equipotential devices as reference potentials, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device, limit the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline to a small potential range, and reduce the discharge risk in the energy storage submodule.

[0035] In some embodiments, the second ends of the plurality of first equipotential devices are respectively connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the plurality of energy storage submodules.

[0036] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when multiple first equipotential devices are provided on the medium pipeline, the second ends of the multiple first equipotential devices can be respectively connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the multiple energy storage submodules. In this way, the medium in the medium pipeline can be distributed with the potential introduced by the multiple first equipotential devices as a reference potential, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device, limit the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline to a small potential range, and reduce the discharge risk in the energy storage submodule.

[0037] In some embodiments, the medium conduit includes a metal conduit and an insulating conduit, and a first end of the first equipotential device is coupled to the metal conduit in the medium conduit.

[0038] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the medium pipeline includes a metal pipeline and an insulating pipeline. A part of the medium pipeline can be formed of insulating material, and another part of the medium pipeline can be formed of metal material. Since the metal pipeline is electrically connected to the medium it contacts, by setting the first end of the first equipotential device to be coupled to the metal pipeline in the medium pipeline, the first equipotential device is electrically connected to the medium in the medium pipeline. This can clamp the potential of the medium inside the medium pipeline near the first equipotential device to the potential of the main circuit of the power unit, so that the potential of the main circuit is consistent with the potential in the medium pipeline, reducing the risk of discharge caused by the increase of the potential difference between the power unit and the medium in the medium pipeline.

[0039] In some embodiments, a first end of the first equipotential device extends into a medium conduit.

[0040] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first end of the first equipotential device is set to extend into the inside of the medium pipe and contact the medium inside the medium pipe. This can expand the application scenarios of clamping energy storage devices. Regardless of whether the medium pipe is made of insulating or metallic material, the potential of the medium inside the medium pipe near the first equipotential device can be clamped to the potential of the main circuit of the power unit, so that the potential of the main circuit is consistent with the potential in the medium pipe. This not only reduces the risk of leakage in the medium pipe, but also reduces the hidden danger of discharge caused by the increase of the potential difference between the power unit and the medium in the medium pipe.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first end of the first equipotential device extends into the interior of the medium pipe through a first through hole on the medium pipe, and the first equipotential device is sealed with the edge of the first through hole.

[0042] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by drilling holes in the medium pipeline to set up a first equipotential device that extends into the inside of the medium pipeline and contacts the internal medium, the potential of the medium inside the medium pipeline near the first equipotential device can be clamped to the potential of the main circuit of the power unit, so that the potential of the main circuit is consistent with the potential in the medium pipeline. Alternatively, in existing energy storage devices, the equipotential device can be set up by drilling holes in the fire-fighting pipeline or cooling pipeline to perform equalization clamping treatment on the fire-fighting pipeline or cooling pipeline, reducing the modification cost of the energy storage device and reducing the risk of internal discharge caused by the increase in the potential difference between the power unit and the medium in the medium pipeline.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first equipotential device extending into the first end of the dielectric conduit is a ball-shaped electrode.

[0044] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting one end of the first equipotential device that extends into the main pipe as a ball-head electrode, the influence of the electric field concentration in the medium pipe caused by the tip discharge on the discharge inside the pipe when the power unit is powered on can be reduced.

[0045] In some embodiments, the medium pipeline includes an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline, and a first equipotential bonding device is provided on both the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline.

[0046] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first equipotential device is provided in both the inlet and outlet pipes of the medium pipeline, and the first equipotential device is connected to the circuit of the corresponding energy storage submodule. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline passing through the energy storage submodule can be uniformly clamped, so that the potential difference of the medium in the inlet and outlet pipes of the entire energy storage submodule is limited to a certain potential range, avoiding the problem that a large potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline may lead to a safety hazard caused by internal discharge of the energy storage submodule.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second ends of the first equipotential bonding device on the inlet pipe and the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe are connected at the same position.

[0048] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, both the inlet and outlet pipes of the medium pipeline are equipped with a first equipotential bonding device. The second ends of the first equipotential bonding device on the inlet pipe and the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe are connected at the same position. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline passing through the energy storage submodule is made consistent, reducing the potential difference between the energy storage submodule and the medium in the medium pipeline passing through the energy storage submodule. This avoids the problem of a large potential difference in the medium in the medium pipeline causing a safety hazard due to internal discharge of the energy storage submodule.

[0049] In some embodiments, the second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the inlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit; or

[0050] The second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the inlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit.

[0051] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second end of the first equipotential device on the inlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit, and the second end of the first equipotential device on the outlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit. Alternatively, the second end of the first equipotential device on the pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit, and the second end of the first equipotential device on the outlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit. In this way, the potential difference of the medium in the inlet and outlet pipes of the energy storage submodule can be limited to the output voltage range of the energy storage submodule, reducing the potential difference between the energy storage submodule and the medium in the medium pipe passing through the energy storage submodule, and avoiding the problem of a large potential difference of the medium in the medium pipe leading to a safety hazard caused by internal discharge of the energy storage submodule.

[0052] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes:

[0053] Power frame, used to fix power units;

[0054] The equipotential point of the negative power bus includes the power frame, and the second end of the first equipotential device is connected to the power frame.

[0055] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, within the energy storage submodule, a power frame is typically used to fix or support the power unit. If the potential of the power frame is ground potential, there is a problem of discharge due to the large potential difference between the power unit and the power frame when the energy storage device is under high voltage. In this embodiment, by coupling the negative power bus of the power unit to the power frame, the potential difference between the positive and negative power buses of the power unit and the power frame is reduced. Furthermore, the equipotential point of the negative power bus includes the power frame, and the second end of the first equipotential device can be directly coupled to the power frame, which can reduce the cable length between the first equipotential device and the power unit, improve the equipotential wiring layout, and reduce the discharge hazard within the energy storage submodule.

[0056] In some embodiments, the energy storage submodule further includes:

[0057] Energy storage frame, used to mount energy storage units;

[0058] A voltage divider circuit, connected to the energy storage unit, is used to introduce a voltage divider voltage to the energy storage frame based on the voltages of the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit.

[0059] The submodule frame is used to fix the power frame and the energy storage frame. The submodule frame is connected to the energy storage frame, and the submodule frame and the power frame are insulated and isolated by insulators.

[0060] In the technical solutions of this application embodiment, it is usually necessary to use an energy storage frame to fix or support the energy storage unit. In a high-voltage energy storage device, each energy storage unit has a high potential. The positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit can introduce corresponding voltage dividers to the energy storage frame through corresponding voltage divider circuits, so that the potential difference between the energy storage frame and the power frame is limited to the range of the potential difference between the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit. This can reduce the potential difference between the positive or negative terminal of the energy storage unit and the energy storage frame, and also reduce the potential difference between the sub-module frame and the power frame. Furthermore, by setting insulators between the sub-module frame and the power frame for insulation isolation, the risk of discharge caused by excessive potential difference inside the energy storage sub-module is reduced.

[0061] A second aspect of this application also provides a power supply system, including an energy storage device as described above.

[0062] A third aspect of this application also provides an electronic device, including an energy storage device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0063] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Beneficial effects

[0064] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage device includes at least two energy storage sub-modules, which can output high-voltage electricity or store externally input electrical energy. Each energy storage sub-module includes an energy storage unit and a power unit. The power unit can control the conversion between AC and DC to control the charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit. A medium is used to circulate the medium in the medium pipe. The first end of the first equipotential device is coupled to the medium in the medium pipe. The second end of the first equipotential device is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus or the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit. The first end and the second end of the first equipotential device are electrically connected, so that the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipe and the energy storage sub-module is limited to a certain range. The other end of the medium pipe is coupled to the ground potential, thereby introducing the potential of the energy storage sub-module to the medium in the medium pipe. At this time, the main circuit of the power unit is coupled to the ground potential through the medium in the medium pipe, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range, achieving a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device. This avoids the problem of internal discharge caused by excessive potential difference in the energy storage sub-module, and also avoids the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge in the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0066] Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 1c is a schematic diagram of the equivalent resistance of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 1d is a schematic diagram of the equivalent potential of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0070] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0075] Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of the eighth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0077] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the ninth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the tenth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0079] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the eleventh structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0080] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the twelfth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0081] Figure 12 is a thirteenth structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the power unit provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the power unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the thirteenth structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application. Embodiments of the present invention

[0085] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0086] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0087] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0088] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase "second connection port" at various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0089] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0090] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple frames" refers to two or more (including two).

[0091] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0092] In traditional battery energy storage products, the voltage level is low (e.g., no more than 1500V), the water-cooling system lacks clamping points, the battery water-cooling plate is grounded, and the water-cooling plate and battery are designed with full insulation. Fire suppression piping is directly installed inside the container and battery cabinet, relying on air for insulation from the battery. In this structure, both the water-cooling device and the fire suppression piping are directly grounded through the container. In contrast, in the flexible direct-flow valve sampling layered design, each layer of branch pipes is clamped to the nearest frame at both ends using electrodes. Both of these design methods result in a high potential difference within the module, leading to internal discharge and posing a significant safety hazard.

[0093] To address the issue of significant potential differences between different regions within an energy storage device during operation, this application provides an energy storage device, as shown in Figure 1a. The energy storage device in this embodiment includes: an energy storage submodule 300, a dielectric conduit 100, and a first equipotential bonding device 240. The energy storage submodule 300 includes an energy storage unit 340 and a power unit 310 connected to the energy storage unit 340. The power unit 310 includes a positive power bus 311 and a negative power bus 312. At least two power units 310 in the energy storage submodule 300 are cascaded via the positive power bus 311 or the negative power bus 312. The power unit 310 can control AC and DC conversion to control the charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit 340. The dielectric conduit 100 is used to flow the dielectric medium. One end of the dielectric conduit 100 is coupled to the power unit 310 and / or the energy storage unit 340, and the other end is connected to ground potential. The first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the medium in the medium pipeline 100, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 or the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit 310. The first end of the first equipotential device 240 is electrically connected to its second end.

[0094] In this embodiment, the energy storage device includes at least two energy storage sub-modules 300. The power units 310 within these sub-modules are cascaded via a positive power bus 311 or a negative power bus 312 to form a high-voltage energy storage device. This allows for the output of high-voltage electricity or the storage of externally input electrical energy. Cascading connects multiple units with the same function, with the output of one unit serving as the input of the next, similar to a series circuit. Each energy storage sub-module 300 includes an energy storage unit 340 and a power unit 310. In an environment where energy storage is connected to an AC power grid, the power unit 310 can control the conversion between AC and DC to control the charging and discharging processes of the energy storage unit 340. The medium is used to flow through the medium pipeline 100. The first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the medium in the medium pipeline 100, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 or the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310. This limits the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 to a certain range. The other end of the medium pipeline 100 is coupled to the ground potential, thereby introducing the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 into the medium in the medium pipeline 100. At this time, the main circuit of the power unit 310 is coupled to the ground potential through the medium in the medium pipeline 100, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range. This achieves the purpose of more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device, avoids the problem of internal discharge caused by excessive potential difference in the energy storage submodule 300, and also avoids the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge in the energy storage device, thus ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0095] In some embodiments, when the power unit 310 is applied in an AC direct-connected environment, the first connection port and the second connection port of the power unit 310 are connected to the AC power grid. During charging, the power unit 310 converts the AC power from the AC power grid into DC power to charge the corresponding energy storage unit 340. During discharging, the power unit 310 converts the DC power output by the energy storage unit 340 into AC power and outputs it to the AC power grid.

[0096] In some embodiments, in an environment where power units 310 are connected to a DC grid (such as a transmission network, distribution network, or microgrid) for energy storage, multiple power units 310 are cascaded to form the main circuit of the energy storage device. Power units 310 can connect or disconnect corresponding energy storage units 340 from the main circuit of the energy storage device, thereby controlling the voltage changes of the energy storage device to achieve charging and discharging of the energy storage units. Furthermore, in the event of a failure in an energy storage unit 340, the corresponding energy storage unit 340 can be promptly disconnected from the main circuit of the energy storage device, ensuring the safety of the energy storage device.

[0097] In some embodiments, in an environment where the power unit 310 is connected to a DC grid (such as a transmission grid, distribution grid, or microgrid) for energy storage, the power unit 310 can be controlled by a main control circuit to adjust the power output of the energy storage unit 340 to the DC grid, and can also adjust the charging power of the energy storage unit 340 to achieve adaptive adjustment of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0098] In some embodiments, the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310 may include the positive power bus 311 and a component electrically connected to the positive power bus 311, and the potential of the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310 is consistent.

[0099] In some embodiments, the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 may include the negative power bus 312 and a component electrically connected to the negative power bus 312, and the potential of the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 is consistent.

[0100] In this embodiment, the positive power bus and the negative power bus of the power unit 310 are the buses used by the power unit to connect to the main circuit of the energy storage device, and control the direction of power transmission between the energy storage unit and the main circuit. One end is the positive power bus and the other end is the negative power bus. In the scenario where the main circuit is energized with DC, the potential of the positive power bus is higher than that of the negative power bus.

[0101] In some embodiments, the position where the first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the medium conduit 100 satisfies the following conditions A and B.

[0102] In condition A, the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipe 100 closest to the energy storage submodule 300 and the energy storage submodule 300 under the action of pressure division is less than the air discharge threshold.

[0103] In condition B, the electric field energy density inside the medium pipe 100 is less than the dielectric discharge threshold inside the medium pipe 100.

[0104] In this embodiment, the medium within the medium conduit 100 is coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 or the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 via the first and second ends of the first equipotential device 240. The potential of the energy storage submodule 300 is grounded via the medium within the medium conduit 100, and the medium within the medium conduit 100 divides the potential of the energy storage submodule 300. Since one end of the medium conduit 100 is coupled to the power unit 310 or the energy storage unit 320, based on condition A, the potential difference between the medium within the medium conduit 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 under the voltage division effect is less than the air discharge threshold. The potential difference between the medium conduit 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 remains within the air discharge threshold. Due to the insulating isolation of air, the potential discharge between the energy storage submodule 300 and the medium conduit 100 can be avoided. Furthermore, based on condition B, the electric field energy density within the medium pipe 100 is less than the dielectric discharge threshold within the medium pipe 100, which ensures that the medium within the high-voltage medium pipe 100 has sufficient impedance. That is, the distance between the medium channel located at the high voltage and the medium located at the reference voltage is long enough to avoid the problem of dielectric discharge within the medium pipe 100.

[0105] In some embodiments, in the area where the medium conduit 100 is coupled to the energy storage submodule 300, the medium conduit 100 can perform fire suppression or heat exchange on the energy storage submodule 300 to cool the power unit 310 and the energy storage unit 320, or to heat the energy storage unit 320. In the area where the medium conduit 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 are not in contact, there is a first insulation distance between the medium in the medium conduit 100 and the energy storage submodule 300. Within the first insulation distance, the potential difference between the medium in the medium conduit 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 is less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first insulation distance is related to the potential of the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the corresponding power unit 310, and the first insulation distance can be set based on GB-T311.1.

[0107] In some embodiments, the equivalent circuit of the energy storage device is shown in FIG1b. The power frame 401 is coupled to the negative power bus 312, the energy storage frame 402 is coupled to the sub-module frame 403, the resistor R4 is the ground resistance of the coupling point of the first end of the first equipotential device 240 on the medium pipe 100, the resistor R3 is the equivalent resistance between the medium in the medium pipe 100 and the sub-module frame 403, and the voltage divider circuit formed by the resistors R11 and R12 provides the potential between the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit 340 to the energy storage frame 402, and provides the potential of the negative power bus 312 to the power frame 401. This can reduce the potential difference between the positive or negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 and the energy storage frame 402, and also reduce the potential difference between the energy storage frame 402 and the power frame 401. Even if the medium in the medium pipeline 100 is contaminated, causing the resistivity of the medium to decrease and the resistance to ground R4 to decrease, the potential of the coupling point of the first end of the first equipotential device 240 on the medium pipeline 100 is clamped to the negative power bus 312, so that the voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R11 and R12 will not provide the potential to the submodule frame 403, thereby reducing the potential difference inside the energy storage submodule 300 and improving the safety of the high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system.

[0108] In some embodiments, the dielectric resistance R = L × σ ÷ s, where L is the length of the dielectric pipe, σ is the dielectric resistivity, and s is the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric pipe. The equivalent resistance distribution of the dielectric within the dielectric pipe 100 is shown in Figure 1c. The dielectric pipe 100 includes a main pipe 110 and branch pipes 120. The equivalent resistance to ground of the dielectric within the first equipotential device 240 via the dielectric pipe 100 is resistance R21. The equivalent resistance of the dielectric within the branch pipe 120 between the first end of the first equipotential device 240 and the power unit 310 is R31. The equivalent resistance of the dielectric within the branch pipe 120 between the power unit 310 in the energy storage submodule 300 and its adjacent energy storage unit 340 is R32. The equivalent resistance of the dielectric within the main pipe 110 between adjacent branch pipes 120 is R22. In this embodiment, the distance between the medium in the medium pipeline 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 is different. The first equipotential device 240 introduces the potential of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 into the medium in the medium pipeline 100, and performs voltage division through the equivalent resistance of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 to obtain the potential at each position in the medium pipeline 100. The potential difference between the potential at this position and the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 is obtained. This potential difference should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium at the first insulation distance, which is the distance between the position and the energy storage submodule 300.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1c, the power unit 310 can be fixed by the power frame 401 or disposed within the power frame 401. The positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310 is insulated from the power frame 401, and the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 can be directly coupled to the power frame 401. The positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310 is coupled to the negative power bus 312 of the previous power unit 310. In this way, by directly coupling the first equipotential device 240 to the power frame 401, the connection line distance between the second end of the first equipotential device 240 and the equipotential point of the power unit 310 can be reduced, thereby reducing the influence of the potential of other components in the energy storage device on the potential on the connection line.

[0110] In some embodiments, the power unit 310 and the energy storage unit 340 are coupled to the branch pipe 120 through corresponding sub-branch pipes. The equivalent resistance of the medium in the sub-branch pipe between the power unit 310 and the branch pipe 120 is R33, and the equivalent resistance of the medium in the sub-branch pipe between the energy storage unit 340 and the branch pipe 120 is R34.

[0111] In some embodiments, the voltage drop from the first terminal of the first equipotential bonding device 240 to the location of the medium pipe closest to the energy storage submodule 300 is calculated using the expression for dielectric resistance. The potential at that location is then obtained, and the difference between this potential and the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 is calculated to obtain the potential difference. Table GB-T311.1 is consulted to determine whether this voltage difference will cause a discharge at that distance; the electric field energy density is 1 / 2aE. 2 a is the dielectric constant of the medium, and E is the electric field strength, which is the submodule voltage / the distance from the first end of the first equipotential device to the ground potential. The electric field energy density between the first end of the first equipotential device 240 and the ground potential is obtained. This value should be less than the dielectric discharge threshold.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1d, the first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to node A1 on the medium pipeline 100. The potential of node A1 is VA1, and the potential of node B1 on the medium pipeline 100 is VB1 = VA1 + i1 × L1 × σ1 ÷ s1, where i1 is the equivalent current between node A1 and node B1, L1 is the distance between node A1 and node B1, σ1 is the equivalent resistivity between node A1 and node B1, and s1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium pipeline between node A1 and node B1. The potential difference VOB1 is obtained by subtracting the potential VB1 of node B1 from the potential of the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB1 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B1 and energy storage submodule 300 at a first insulation distance. The first insulation distance is the distance between node B1 and energy storage submodule 300. Taking the negative power bus potential of power unit 310 in energy storage submodule 300 as 33.5kV and the positive power bus potential of power unit 310 as 35kV as an example, the potential VA1 of node A1 is 33.5kV. Since the positive and negative terminals of energy storage unit 340 are connected to the third and fourth connection ports of power unit 310 respectively, after voltage division by resistors R11 and R12, the potential of submodule frame 403 can be 34kV. After voltage division by the medium in medium pipe 100, the potential VB1 of node B1 can be 36kV. Therefore, the potential difference VOB1 between submodule frame 403 and node B1 is 36kV-34kV=2kV, thereby reducing the potential difference in energy storage submodule 300 and reducing the discharge risk of energy storage submodule 300. Furthermore, the distance between the submodule frame 403 and node B1 is greater than the discharge distance of the insulating medium, so that the insulating medium between the submodule frame 403 and node B1 has sufficient impedance. Alternatively, within the energy storage submodule 300, 2kV should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between the submodule frame 403 and node B1 at the first insulation distance, which is the distance between node B1 and submodule frame 403.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1d, the power units 310 in the multiple energy storage submodules 300 are cascaded through the positive power bus 311 or the negative power bus 312. Cascading connects multiple power units 310 with the same function together. The output of the previous power unit 310 is used as the input of the next power unit 310. The power unit 310 connected to the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is the last power unit 310 in the multiple cascaded power units 310. In this way, a corresponding reference equipotential can be introduced at node A1, so that the voltage is divided at node B1 on the medium pipe 100 corresponding to the previous power unit 310 to obtain the corresponding potential VOB1, which can reduce the potential difference between node B1 and its adjacent power units 310.

[0114] If the second terminal of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is connected to the second-to-last or third-to-last power unit 310, and the first terminal of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is coupled to node B1, a lower potential may be generated at node A1. The potential difference between the last power unit 310 in the multiple cascaded power units 310 corresponding to node A1 and the potential of node A1 may cause internal discharge within the energy storage submodule. For example, if the first terminal of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is coupled to node B1, and the second terminal of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is connected to an adjacent energy storage submodule, and the potential of node B1 is 30kV or 30±1.5kV (when the voltage of an energy storage submodule is 1.5kV), for example, connected to an intermediate energy storage submodule, the potential of B1 may be lower. If the voltage is 30kV, the potential at node A1 may be 10kV due to the voltage division of the medium within the medium pipe 100. The potential of the nearest power unit 310 to node A1 may be 28.5kV. This would result in a potential difference of 18.5kV between the water pipe and the last energy storage submodule 300, creating a risk of discharge between them. However, by coupling the potential of the last power unit 310 in the multiple cascaded power units 310 to node A1 through the first equipotential bonding device 240, the potential difference between each node on the medium pipe 100 and its corresponding energy storage submodule 300 can be kept within a safe range, reducing the risk of discharge within the energy storage submodule 300.

[0115] In some embodiments, the resistance values ​​of resistors R11 and R12 are equal, and the potential on the submodule frame 403 is the median of the potentials of the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit 340. For example, if the potential of the positive terminal of the energy storage unit 340 is 30kV and the potential of the negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 is 25kV, then the potential on the submodule frame 403 is 27.5kV. During normal operation, the potential of the negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 is consistent with the potential of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310, which is 25kV. In this way, the potential difference between the positive or negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 and the energy storage frame 402 can be reduced, as can the potential difference between the submodule frame 403 and the power frame 401, thereby reducing the risk of discharge caused by excessive potential difference inside the energy storage submodule 300.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first insulation distance is related to the potential of the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the corresponding power unit 310.

[0117] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit 340 within a single energy storage submodule 300 can be composed of multiple battery modules connected in series or in parallel. The potential difference between the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit 340 within a single energy storage submodule 300 is greater than 6kV. The two ends of the voltage divider circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the single energy storage unit 340 and the voltage divider is coupled to the submodule frame 403. Thus, the potential difference between the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 and the submodule frame 403 is less than 6kV. For example, when the resistance values ​​of resistors R11 and R12 are equal, the potential difference between the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 and the submodule frame 403 is 3kV. The potential difference between the power frame 401 and the energy storage frame 402 is 3kV. The potential difference between the power frame 401 and the submodule frame 403 is 3kV. The power frame 401 and the submodule frame 403 can be insulated and isolated by insulators.

[0118] In some embodiments, the location where the first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the medium pipeline 100 includes the area of ​​the medium pipeline 100 opposite to or covered by the energy storage submodule 300 connected to the second end of the first equipotential device 240.

[0119] In this embodiment, the medium pipeline 100 can be a fire-fighting pipeline or a heat exchange pipeline. The portion of the medium pipeline 100 opposite to or covered by the energy storage submodule 300 has a certain potential within it. Because there is equivalent insulation between the medium in the medium pipeline 100 and the energy storage submodule 300, the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline 100 under voltage division and the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 is relatively large, posing a risk of internal discharge within the energy storage submodule 300. By connecting the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 to the medium pipeline 100 opposite to or covered by the corresponding energy storage submodule 300, the potential difference between the energy storage submodule 300 and the medium in its adjacent medium pipeline 100 can be kept within a small range, reducing the risk of internal discharge within the energy storage submodule 300.

[0120] In some embodiments, the power unit 310 includes a first connection port and a second connection port, which are respectively connected to the positive power bus 311 and the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310; the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the first connection port or the second connection port.

[0121] In this embodiment, adjacent power units 310 are connected in series through a first connection port and a second connection port. The first connection port of the power unit 310 can serve as the positive terminal of the energy storage device. The first connection port of the power unit 310 is also connected to the second connection port of the previous power unit 310 through the positive power bus 311. The second connection port of the power unit 310 can serve as the negative terminal of the energy storage device. The second connection port of the power unit 310 is also connected to the first connection port of the next power unit 310 through the negative power bus 312. In this way, the potentials of multiple energy storage sub-modules 300 can be accumulated through multiple power units 310 to form a high-voltage energy storage device, which outputs high-voltage electricity to the outside. The second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the first connection port or the second connection port, which allows the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 to be coupled to the medium pipeline 100 through the first equipotential device 240, and then coupled to the ground potential through the medium in the medium pipeline 100. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 can be clamped, reducing the potential difference between the energy storage submodule 300 and the medium in the adjacent medium pipeline 100, and reducing the risk of internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the medium pipe 100 opposite to or covered by the corresponding energy storage submodule 300. In the area opposite to or covered by the energy storage submodule 300, the medium pipe 100 is close to the energy storage submodule 300 and the length of the medium pipe 100 is limited, so that the pressure drop generated by the medium in the medium pipe 100 is limited. This can keep the potential difference between the energy storage submodule 300 and the medium in the adjacent medium pipe 100 within a small range, reduce the probability of the potential difference between the medium and the adjacent energy storage submodule 300 being too large, and reduce the risk of internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0123] In some embodiments, the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the first connection port or the second connection port of the corresponding power unit 310. The dielectric pipe 100 and the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310 are located on the same side, making the distance between the dielectric pipe 100 and the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310 closer. This has the advantage of simple wiring and reduces the risk of interference from the potential of other components.

[0124] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the energy storage submodule 300 further includes a switch S1, the power unit 310 includes a third connection port, the third connection port is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 via the switch; the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the negative DC bus between the third connection port and the switch S1.

[0125] In this embodiment, the third connection port of the power unit 310 is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 via switch S1. Switch S1 can isolate the energy storage unit 340 and the power unit 310, and disconnect the corresponding energy storage unit 340 from the main circuit of the energy storage device in case of a fault, reducing the safety risk of the energy storage device. By connecting the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 to the negative DC bus between the third connection port and switch S1, the first equipotential bonding device 240 can be connected to the main circuit of the power unit 310. The activation and deactivation of the energy storage unit 340 will not affect the potential on the first equipotential bonding device 240, allowing the main circuit of the power unit 310 to be connected to ground potential via the medium pipe 100. This ensures that the medium within the medium pipe 100 has a corresponding potential, limiting the potential difference between different potential points within the energy storage device to a smaller range. This achieves a more uniform potential distribution throughout the energy storage device, reducing the risk of potential difference concentration on the frame leading to internal discharge of the high-voltage energy storage system.

[0126] In some embodiments, the power unit 310 further includes a fourth connection port, wherein the fourth connection port of the power unit 310 is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage unit 340. One end of the dielectric conduit 100 is connected to the power unit 310, and the other end of the dielectric conduit 100 is connected to ground potential. The first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is electrically connected to the dielectric conduit 100, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is connected to either the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310.

[0127] In this embodiment, the power unit 310 can control the charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit 340. The medium in the medium pipeline 100 is coupled to the power unit 310 via the first equipotential bonding device 240. Cooling medium can be injected into the medium pipeline 100, thus enabling heat exchange with the power unit 310 and achieving temperature regulation of the power unit 310. Fire extinguishing agent can also be injected into the medium pipeline 100, so that in the event of a safety hazard to the power unit 310, the medium pipeline 100 can act as a fire extinguishing pipeline to extinguish a fire in the power unit 310. In this embodiment, a first equipotential bonding device 240 is electrically connected to the medium pipe 100, and the first equipotential bonding device 240 is electrically connected to the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310. This introduces the potential of the main circuit of the power unit 310 into the medium pipe 100. The main circuit of the power unit 310 is connected to the ground potential through the medium pipe 100. The medium in the medium pipe 100 introduces the corresponding potential, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range. This achieves the purpose of more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and avoids the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge of the energy storage device.

[0128] In some embodiments, the power unit 310 includes a first connection port, a second connection port, a third connection port, and a fourth connection port, wherein the fourth connection port of the power unit 310 is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage unit 340. One end of the dielectric conduit 100 is coupled to the energy storage unit 340, and the other end of the dielectric conduit 100 is connected to ground potential. The first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 is electrically connected to the dielectric conduit 100, and the other end of the first equipotential bonding device is connected to either the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310.

[0129] In this embodiment, the power unit 310 can control the charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit 340. The medium pipe 100 is connected to the energy storage unit 340, and a cooling medium can be injected into the medium pipe 100. This allows heat exchange between the medium pipe 100 and the energy storage unit 340, achieving the purpose of temperature regulation of the energy storage unit 340. A fire extinguishing agent can also be injected into the medium pipe 100, so that in the event of a safety hazard to the energy storage unit 340, the medium pipe 100 can act as a fire-fighting conduit to extinguish a fire in the energy storage unit 340. In this embodiment, a first equipotential bonding device 240 is electrically connected to the medium pipe 100, and the first equipotential bonding device 240 is electrically connected to the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310. This introduces the potential of the main circuit of the power unit 310 into the medium pipe 100. The main circuit of the power unit 310 is connected to the ground potential through the medium pipe 100, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range. This achieves a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and avoids the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge of the energy storage device.

[0130] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the energy storage submodule 3 further includes a positive switch S2, and the fourth connection port of the power unit 310 can be connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage unit 340 via the positive switch S2.

[0131] In this embodiment, the positive switch S2 and the switch S1 can be controlled by the main control circuit at the same time. In the event of a failure in the energy storage unit 340, the main control circuit will simultaneously turn off the positive switch S2 and the switch S1, thereby cutting off the energy storage unit 340 from the main circuit of the energy storage device.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first and second connection ports of the power unit 310 can be connected to an external load or the power unit 310 in an adjacent energy storage submodule 300. The third and fourth connection ports of the power unit 310 are connected to the energy storage unit 340. The energy storage unit 340 can discharge to the outside through the first and second connection ports of the power unit 310. The power unit 310 can also convert the current input to its first and second connection ports into a charging current to charge the energy storage unit 340.

[0133] In some embodiments, referring to FIG4, the medium pipeline 100 includes a main pipeline 110 and a branch pipeline 120, the branch pipeline 120 being used for heat exchange with the power unit 310; a first equipotential device 240 is connected to the equipotential point of the medium pipeline 100, the equipotential point of the medium pipeline 100 being in a first connecting region between the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120, wherein the first connecting region includes the area where the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120 are in contact.

[0134] In this embodiment, the branch pipe 120 is coupled to the power unit 310 to achieve heat exchange with the power unit 310, thus providing timely heat dissipation when the power unit 310 overheats. Since the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 have different distances from the energy storage submodule 300 or different pipe diameters, this can lead to a large potential difference in the medium within the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120. To address this, a first equipotential bonding device 240 is installed at the first connection area between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, and the second end of this device 240 is coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 or the positive power bus 311. This ensures that the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 or the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310 is connected to the equipotential point of the power unit 310. The potential of the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 is introduced into the medium in the first connected region through the first equipotential device 240. In this way, the medium in the interaction region of the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 is used as a reference potential. This not only limits the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device to a small potential range, but also limits the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipe 100 to a small potential range. This achieves the purpose of more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and reduces the risk of potential difference concentration in the branch pipe 120 causing internal discharge in the branch pipe 120.

[0135] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to node A1 on the medium pipeline 100, the potential of node A1 is VA1, and the potential of node B1 on the main pipeline 110 is VB1=VA1+i1×L1×σ1÷s1, where i1 is the equivalent current between node A1 and node B1, L1 is the distance between node A1 and node B1, σ1 is the equivalent resistivity between node A1 and node B1, and s1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the main pipeline 110 between node A1 and node B1. The potential of node B2 on branch pipe 120 is VB2 = VA1 + i2 × L2 × σ2 ÷ s2, and the potential of node B3 on branch pipe 120 is VB3 = VA1 + i3 × L3 × σ3 ÷ s3, where i2 is the equivalent current between node A1 and node B2, L2 is the distance between node A1 and node B2, σ2 is the equivalent resistivity between node A1 and node B2, s2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​branch pipe 120 between node A1 and node B2, i3 is the equivalent current between node A1 and node B3, L3 is the distance between node A1 and node B3, σ3 is the equivalent resistivity between node A1 and node B3, and s3 is the cross-sectional area of ​​branch pipe 120 between node A1 and node B3.

[0136] In this embodiment, the voltage drop from the first terminal of the first equipotential device 240 to nodes B2 and B3 is calculated using the expression for dielectric resistance, thus obtaining the potentials of nodes B2 and B3. The potential difference VOB1 between the potential VB1 of node B1 and the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 is obtained. The potential difference VOB1 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B1 and the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB2 between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB3 between node B3 and the energy storage submodule 300 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B3 and the energy storage submodule 300.

[0137] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the medium pipeline 100 includes a main pipeline 110 and a branch pipeline 120, the branch pipeline 120 being used for heat exchange with the energy storage unit 340; a first equipotential device 240 is connected to the equipotential point of the medium pipeline 100, the equipotential point of the medium pipeline 100 being in a first connecting region between the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120, wherein the first connecting region includes the area where the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120 are in contact.

[0138] In this embodiment, the branch pipe 120 is coupled to the energy storage unit 340. When the energy storage unit 340 overheats, heat exchange is used to dissipate heat. Conversely, when the temperature of the energy storage unit 340 is too low, the branch pipe 120 heats the energy storage unit 340, thus regulating its temperature. Since the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 have different distances from the energy storage submodule 300, or different pipe diameters, this can lead to a large potential difference in the medium within the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120. By setting the first end of a first equipotential bonding device 240 in the first connecting region between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, and coupling the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 or the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311, the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312. The potential of the equipotential point or the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 is introduced into the medium in the first connected area through the first equipotential device 240. In this way, the medium in the interaction area between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 is used as a reference potential. This not only limits the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device to a small potential range, but also limits the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipe 100 to a small potential range. This achieves the purpose of more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and reduces the impact of potential difference concentration in the branch pipe 120 on the internal discharge of the branch pipe 120.

[0139] In some embodiments, branch pipe 120 may be coupled to both power unit 310 and energy storage unit 340.

[0140] In some embodiments, the length of one end of the first equipotential device 240 extending into the main pipe 110 or the branch pipe 120 is greater than one-quarter of the diameter of the branch pipe 120 and less than one-half of the diameter of the main pipe 110.

[0141] In this embodiment, the length of one end of the first equipotential device 240 that extends into the main pipe 110 or the branch pipe 120 is greater than one-quarter of the diameter of the branch pipe 120 and less than one-half of the diameter of the main pipe 110. The discharge position of the first equipotential device 240 can be set in the central region of the cooling medium inside the pipe, so that the potential difference in the entire main pipe 110 is kept within a small range.

[0142] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, at least two energy storage submodules 300 are stacked, and adjacent energy storage submodules 300 are insulated from each other by insulators; the energy storage submodule 300 closest to ground potential among the at least two stacked energy storage submodules 300 is coupled to the medium pipeline 100 through a first equipotential device 240.

[0143] In this embodiment, by stacking multiple energy storage sub-modules 300, a flexible DC converter valve can be formed from the multiple energy storage sub-modules 300, and adjacent energy storage sub-modules 300 are insulated and isolated from each other by insulators. When the clamping points of the medium pipeline 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 are different, the potential difference between the medium pipeline 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 will be different. The further forward the clamping point is in the cascaded energy storage submodule 300, the higher the distance from the ground potential among the multiple stacked energy storage submodules 300. The greater the potential difference between the medium pipeline 100 and the energy storage submodule 300 closest to the ground potential, the lower the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 among the multiple stacked energy storage submodules 300 is coupled to the medium in the medium pipeline 100 through the first equipotential device 240. The potential of the energy storage submodule 300 with the lowest potential can be introduced into the medium in the corresponding medium pipeline 100 as a reference potential in the entire medium pipeline 100. This makes the potential distribution in the high-voltage flexible DC converter valve more uniform and reduces the impact of internal discharge caused by large potential differences.

[0144] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7a, at least two energy storage sub-modules 300 are horizontally arranged on an electric platform; the first and last energy storage sub-modules 300 of the at least two horizontally arranged energy storage sub-modules 300 are coupled to the medium pipeline 100 through a first equipotential device 240.

[0145] In this embodiment, by setting multiple energy storage sub-modules 300 horizontally on an electric platform, an energy storage system can be formed by multiple energy storage sub-modules 300. By coupling the energy storage sub-modules 300 at the beginning and end positions to the medium in the medium pipeline 100 through the corresponding first equipotential device 240, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 can be uniformly distributed. In this way, by using the potential of the medium in the beginning and end regions of the medium pipeline 100 as a reference potential, the uniform distribution of the potential of the medium between the beginning and end regions can reduce the potential difference between other energy storage sub-modules 300 and the medium in the adjacent medium pipeline 100, thereby reducing the risk of discharge in the energy storage system due to excessive potential difference.

[0146] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7b, at least two energy storage submodules 300 are arranged horizontally, and each energy storage submodule 300 is coupled to the medium pipeline 100 through a first equipotential device 240.

[0147] In this embodiment, by setting multiple energy storage sub-modules 300 horizontally on an electric platform, an energy storage system can be formed by multiple energy storage sub-modules 300. Each energy storage sub-module 300 is coupled to the medium in the medium pipeline 100 through a corresponding first equipotential device 240. This allows the potential of the medium pipeline 100 in the area adjacent to the multiple energy storage sub-modules 300 to be clamped to the potential of the corresponding energy storage sub-module 300. In this way, the potential of the medium in the entire medium pipeline 100 can be uniformly clamped and distributed, reducing the potential difference between other energy storage sub-modules 300 and the medium in the adjacent medium pipeline 100, and reducing the risk of discharge in the energy storage system due to excessive potential difference.

[0148] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, at least two first equipotential devices 240 are provided on the same medium pipeline 100, and an insulating pipeline is provided between adjacent first equipotential devices 240.

[0149] In this embodiment, at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be provided on the same medium pipeline 100. By setting the medium pipeline 100 between adjacent first equipotential bonding devices 240 as an insulating pipeline, at least two potentials can be introduced into the medium within the same medium pipeline 100 as reference potentials. The first ends of the at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be coupled to unused positions on the medium pipeline 100, and the second ends of the at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be coupled to the same potential or to different potentials. In this way, the medium within the medium pipeline 100 can be distributed with the potentials introduced by the at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 as reference potentials, achieving a more uniform potential distribution within the entire energy storage device. This limits the potential difference of the medium within the medium pipeline 100 to a smaller potential range, reducing the discharge risk within the energy storage submodule 300.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, two first equipotential bonding devices 240 are provided on the medium pipeline 100. The potential of the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A1 is VA1, and the potential of the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A2 is VA2. The magnitude of potential VA1 depends on the potential of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 in the corresponding energy storage submodule 300, and the magnitude of potential VA2 depends on the potential of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 in the corresponding energy storage submodule 300. The magnitude of potential VB1 of node B1 depends on the potentials of node VA1 and node VA2. Since the medium of node B1 is located between node A1 and node A2, the potential of the medium between node A1 and node A2 is referenced to the potentials of node A1 and node A2 and distributed according to the equivalent resistance of the medium between node A1 and node A2. The potential of node B2 is referenced to the potential of node A2 and calculated according to the equivalent resistance of the medium between node B2 and node A2.

[0151] In this embodiment, the potential of node B1 on the main pipe 110 is VB1 = VA1 + (VA2 - VA1) ÷ (L12 × σ1 ÷ s1) × L1, where (VA2 - VA1) ÷ (L1 × σ1 ÷ s1) is the equivalent current between node A1 and node B1, L12 is the distance between node A1 and node A2, L1 is the distance between node A1 and node B1, σ1 is the equivalent resistivity between node A1 and node A2, and s1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium pipe between node A1 and node A2. The potential of node B2 on the medium pipe 100 is VB2 = VA2 + i2 × L2 × σ2 ÷ s2, where i2 is the equivalent current between node A1 and node B2, L2 is the distance between node A1 and node B2, σ2 is the equivalent resistivity between node A2 and node B2, and s2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch pipe 120 between node A2 and node B2.

[0152] In this embodiment, the voltage drop from node B1 and node B2 to node A2 is calculated using the expression for dielectric resistance, thus obtaining the potentials of node B1 and node B2. The potential difference VOB1 between the potential VB1 of node B1 and the potential of the energy storage submodule 300 is obtained. The potential difference VOB1 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B1 and the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB2 between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300.

[0153] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, the medium pipeline 100 includes a main pipeline 110 and a branch pipeline 120, and the number of first equipotential devices 240 is at least two, with the at least two first equipotential devices 240 located in the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120 respectively.

[0154] In this embodiment, at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be provided on the same medium pipeline 100. One first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided on the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120 respectively. The potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 between the two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be adjusted, thereby using the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 between the two first equipotential bonding devices 240 between the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120 as a reference potential, and limiting the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 between the two first equipotential bonding devices 240 between the main pipeline 110 and the branch pipeline 120 to a small potential difference range. The first ends of at least two first equipotential devices 240 can be coupled to unused positions on the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, respectively. The second ends of at least two first equipotential devices 240 can be coupled to the same potential or to different potentials. In this way, the medium in the medium pipe 100 can be distributed with the potential introduced by at least two first equipotential devices 240 as a reference potential, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and limit the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipe 100 to a small potential range, thereby reducing the risk of discharge in the energy storage submodule 300.

[0155] In some embodiments, the medium conduit 100 includes a main conduit 110 and a branch conduit 120, and there are at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240, wherein at least one first equipotential bonding device 240 is coupled to a first communication region between the main conduit 110 and the branch conduit 120, and at least another first equipotential bonding device 240 is coupled to the main conduit 110.

[0156] In this embodiment, at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be provided on the same medium pipeline 100, and one first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided on the main pipeline 110 and the first connecting area, respectively. The potential of the medium in the main pipeline 110 between the two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be adjusted, thereby introducing at least two potentials as reference potentials into the medium in the same medium pipeline 100. The first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled in the first connecting area and the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled on the main pipeline 110 can be coupled to the same potential or to different potentials. In this way, the medium in the medium pipeline 100 can be distributed with the potential introduced by the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled in the first connecting area and the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled on the main pipeline 110 as reference potentials, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and limit the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 to a small potential range, thereby reducing the discharge risk in the energy storage submodule 300.

[0157] In some embodiments, the medium conduit 100 includes a main conduit 110 and a branch conduit 120, and the number of first equipotential devices 240 is at least two, wherein at least one first equipotential device 240 is coupled to a first communication region between the main conduit 110 and the branch conduit 120, and the other at least one first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the branch conduit 120.

[0158] In this embodiment, at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be provided on the same medium pipeline 100, and one first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided on the branch pipeline 120 and the first connecting region, respectively. The potential of the medium in the branch pipeline 120 between the two first equipotential bonding devices 240 can be adjusted, thereby introducing at least two potentials as reference potentials into the medium in the same medium pipeline 100. The first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled in the first connecting region and the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled on the branch pipeline 120 can be coupled to the same potential or to different potentials. In this way, the medium in the medium pipeline 100 can be distributed with the potential introduced by the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled in the first connecting region and the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled on the branch pipeline 120 as reference potentials, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and limit the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 to a small potential range, thereby reducing the discharge risk in the energy storage submodule 300.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, a first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided at node A1 on the main pipeline 110, and the potential of the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A1 is VA1. A first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided at node A2 on the branch pipeline, and the potential of the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A2 is VA2. The magnitudes of potentials VA1 and VA2 depend on the potential of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 within the corresponding energy storage submodule 300. Since the medium of node B1 is located between node A1 and node A2, the magnitude of potential VB1 of node B1 depends on the potentials of node VA1 and node VA2. If potentials VA1 and VA2 are equal, then potential VB1 is equal to potentials VA1 and VA2. The potential of node B2 is calculated with reference to the potential of node A2 and based on the equivalent resistance of the medium between node B2 and node A2. The potential of node B3 is calculated with reference to the potential of node A1 and based on the equivalent resistance of the medium between node B3 and node A1.

[0160] In this embodiment, the voltage drop from node B3 to node A1 and the voltage drop from node B2 to node A2 are calculated using the dielectric resistance expression of the medium in the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, thus obtaining the potentials of nodes B3 and B2. The potential difference VOB3 is obtained by subtracting the potential VB1 of node B3 from the potential of the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB3 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B3 and the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB2 between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300.

[0161] In some embodiments, the second ends of the plurality of first equipotential devices 240 are respectively connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 or the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the plurality of energy storage submodules 300.

[0162] In this embodiment of the application, when multiple first equipotential devices 240 are provided on the medium pipeline 100, the second ends of the multiple first equipotential devices 240 can be respectively connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 or the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the multiple energy storage submodules 300. In this way, the medium in the medium pipeline 100 can be distributed with the potential introduced by the multiple first equipotential devices 240 as a reference potential, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device, limit the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 to a small potential range, and reduce the discharge risk in the energy storage submodule 300.

[0163] In some embodiments, referring to FIG10, the medium conduit 100 includes a metal conduit 101 and an insulating conduit 102, and the first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the metal conduit 101 in the medium conduit 100.

[0164] In this embodiment, the medium conduit 100 includes a metal conduit 101 and an insulating conduit 102. A portion of the medium conduit 100 may be formed of insulating material, and another portion may be formed of metal material. Since the metal conduit 101 is electrically connected to the medium it contacts, by setting the first end of the first equipotential device 240 to be coupled to the metal conduit 101 in the medium conduit 100, the first equipotential device 240 is electrically connected to the medium in the medium conduit 100. This can clamp the potential of the medium inside the medium conduit 100 near the first equipotential device 240 to the potential of the main circuit of the power unit 310, so that the potential of the main circuit is consistent with the potential in the medium conduit 100, reducing the risk of discharge caused by the increased potential difference between the power unit 310 and the medium in the medium conduit 100.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first end of the first equipotential device 240 extends into the medium conduit 100.

[0166] In this embodiment, the first end of the first equipotential device 240 extends into the interior of the medium pipe 100 and contacts the medium inside the medium pipe 100. This expands the application scenarios for clamping of the energy storage device. Regardless of whether the material of the medium pipe 100 is insulating or metallic, the potential of the medium inside the medium pipe 100 near the first equipotential device 240 can be clamped to the potential of the main circuit of the power unit 310, making the potential of the main circuit consistent with the potential in the medium pipe 100. This not only reduces the risk of leakage in the medium pipe 100, but also reduces the potential for discharge caused by the increased potential difference between the power unit 310 and the medium inside the medium pipe 100.

[0167] In some embodiments, the first equipotential device 240 extends into the medium pipeline 100, and the first equipotential device 240 and the medium pipeline 100 can be integrally formed without drilling holes in the medium pipeline 100.

[0168] In some embodiments, the first end of the first equipotential device 240 extends into the interior of the medium pipe 100 through a first through hole on the medium pipe 100, and the first equipotential device 240 is sealed with the edge of the first through hole.

[0169] In this embodiment, by drilling holes in the medium pipeline 100, a first equipotential bonding device 240 is installed to penetrate into the medium pipeline 100 and contact the internal medium. This clamps the potential of the medium inside the medium pipeline 100 near the first equipotential bonding device 240 to the potential of the main circuit of the power unit 310, making the potential of the main circuit consistent with the potential in the medium pipeline 100. Alternatively, in existing energy storage devices, equipotential bonding devices can be installed by drilling holes in fire-fighting pipes or cooling pipes to perform pressure equalization clamping treatment on the fire-fighting pipes or cooling pipes. This reduces the modification cost of the energy storage device and reduces the risk of internal discharge caused by an increase in the potential difference between the power unit 310 and the medium inside the medium pipeline 100.

[0170] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the first equipotential device 240 extends into the first end of the medium channel 100 as a ball-head electrode.

[0171] In this embodiment, by setting one end of the first equipotential device 240 that extends into the dielectric pipe 100 as a ball-shaped electrode, the influence of the electric field concentration in the dielectric pipe 100 caused by the tip discharge when the power unit 310 is powered on on can be reduced.

[0172] In some embodiments, if the medium in the medium pipeline 100 is a fire-fighting medium, such as fire extinguishing gas or fire extinguishing agent, the medium pipeline may only include an inlet pipe. The first end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the inlet pipe, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is coupled to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the corresponding power unit 310 or to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the corresponding power unit 310.

[0173] In some embodiments, if the medium in the medium pipeline 100 is a cooling medium, such as cooling water, the medium pipeline may include an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. A first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided on both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. The first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe is coupled to the medium in the inlet pipe, and the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe is coupled to the medium in the outlet pipe. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is coupled to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the corresponding power unit 310. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe may also be coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the corresponding power unit 310.

[0174] In some embodiments, the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe can be coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the corresponding power unit 310, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe can also be coupled to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the corresponding power unit 310. Alternatively, the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe can be coupled to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the corresponding power unit 310, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe can also be coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the corresponding power unit 310.

[0175] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the medium pipeline 100 includes an inlet pipeline 130 and an outlet pipeline 140, and a first equipotential device 240 is provided on both the inlet pipeline 130 and the outlet pipeline 140.

[0176] In this embodiment, both the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 of the medium pipeline 100 are equipped with a first equipotential bonding device 240, which is connected to the circuit of the corresponding energy storage submodule 300. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 passing through the energy storage submodule 300 can be uniformly clamped, so that the potential difference of the medium in the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 of the entire energy storage submodule 300 is limited to a certain potential range, avoiding the problem that a large potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 may cause internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300 and safety hazards.

[0177] In some embodiments, the inlet pipe 130 includes an inlet main pipe and an inlet branch pipe, and the first end of the first equipotential device 240 can be coupled to the inlet main pipe or the inlet branch pipe.

[0178] In some embodiments, at least one first equipotential bonding device 240 can be coupled to both the main inlet pipe and the branch inlet pipe. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled to the main inlet pipe and the branch inlet pipe can be connected to the same potential or to different potentials.

[0179] In some embodiments, the outlet pipe 140 includes a main outlet pipe and a branch outlet pipe, and the first end of the first equipotential device 240 can be coupled to the main outlet pipe or the branch outlet pipe.

[0180] In some embodiments, at least one first equipotential bonding device 240 can be coupled to both the main outlet pipe and the branch outlet pipe. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 coupled to the main outlet pipe and the branch outlet pipe can be connected to the same potential or to different potentials.

[0181] In some embodiments, the second ends of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 and the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe 140 are connected at the same position.

[0182] In this embodiment, both the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 of the medium pipeline 100 are provided with a first equipotential bonding device 240. The second ends of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 and the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe 140 are connected at the same position. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline passing through the energy storage submodule 300 is made consistent, reducing the potential difference between the energy storage submodule 300 and the medium in the medium pipeline 100 passing through the energy storage submodule 300. This avoids the problem of a large potential difference between the energy storage submodule 300 and the medium in the medium pipeline 100, which could lead to a safety hazard due to internal discharge in the energy storage submodule 300.

[0183] In some embodiments, the medium pipeline 100 includes an inlet pipeline 130 and an outlet pipeline 140, and a first equipotential device is provided on both the inlet pipeline 130 and the outlet pipeline 140.

[0184] In this embodiment, at least two first equipotential bonding devices 240 are connected to the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140, respectively. The medium enters through the inlet pipe 130 and then flows back through the outlet pipe 140. Both the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 are equipped with first equipotential bonding devices 240. The second end of each first equipotential bonding device 240 is connected to the first connection port or the second connection port of the corresponding power unit 310. The medium in the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 is electrically connected to the circuit of the corresponding energy storage submodule 300 through the first equipotential bonding device 240. In this way, the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipe 100 of the energy storage submodule 300 can be limited to a small potential range, avoiding the problem that a large potential difference of the medium in the medium pipe 100 could lead to a safety hazard caused by internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0185] In some embodiments, the second ends of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 and the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe 140 are connected at the same position.

[0186] In this embodiment, both the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 of the medium pipeline 100 are provided with a first equipotential device 240. The connection position of the second end of the first equipotential device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 is the same as the connection position of the second end of the first equipotential device 240 on the outlet pipe 140. In this way, the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 passing through the energy storage submodule 300 is made consistent, avoiding the problem of a large potential difference in the medium in the medium pipeline 100, which could lead to a safety hazard caused by internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0187] In some embodiments, the second end of the first equipotential device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310, and the second end of the first equipotential device on the outlet pipe 140 is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310.

[0188] In this embodiment, both the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 of the medium pipeline 100 are equipped with a first equipotential bonding device 240. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe 140 is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310. In this way, the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 passing through the energy storage submodule 300 can be limited to the range of the potential difference between the positive and negative poles of the energy storage submodule 300, avoiding the problem of a large potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 causing a safety hazard due to internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0189] In some embodiments, the second end of the first equipotential device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 on the outlet pipe 140 is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 312 of the power unit 310.

[0190] In this embodiment, both the inlet pipe 130 and the outlet pipe 140 of the medium pipeline 100 are equipped with a first equipotential bonding device 240. The second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the inlet pipe 130 is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 on the outlet pipe 140 is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus 312 of the power unit 310. In this way, the potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 passing through the energy storage submodule 300 can be limited to the range of the potential difference between the positive and negative poles of the energy storage submodule 300, avoiding the problem of a large potential difference of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 causing a safety hazard due to internal discharge of the energy storage submodule 300.

[0191] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, a first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided at node A1 on the inlet pipe 130, and the potential of the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A1 is VA1. A first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided at node A2 on the outlet pipe 140, and the potential of the first end of the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A2 is VA2. The first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A1 is connected to the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310, and the first equipotential bonding device 240 at node A2 is connected to the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310. The magnitude of potential VA1 depends on the potential of the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 in the corresponding energy storage submodule 300, and the magnitude of potential VA2 depends on the potential of the positive power bus 311 of the power unit 310 in the corresponding energy storage submodule 300. Since the dielectrics of nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are located between nodes A1 and A2, the potentials of nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4 depend on the potentials of nodes VA1 and VA2. The potentials of nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are referenced to the potentials of nodes A1 and A2 and are located between the potentials of nodes A1 and A2. The potentials of nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4 can be calculated based on the equivalent resistance of the dielectric between nodes A1 and A2.

[0192] In this embodiment, the voltage drop from nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4 to node A1 is calculated using the dielectric resistance expression of the medium within branch pipe 120, thus obtaining the potentials of nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4. The potential difference VOB1 is obtained by subtracting the potential VB1 of node B1 from the potential of the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB1 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B1 and the energy storage submodule 300. The potential difference VOB1 between node B2 and the energy storage submodule 300 is also calculated. The potential difference VOB2 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B2 and energy storage submodule 300 between node B1 and energy storage submodule 300; the potential difference VOB3 between node B3 and energy storage submodule 300 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B3 and energy storage submodule 300 between node B3 and energy storage submodule 300; and the potential difference VOB4 between node B4 and energy storage submodule 300 should be less than the discharge threshold of the insulating medium between node B4 and energy storage submodule 300 between node B4 and energy storage submodule 300.

[0193] In some embodiments, if the first equipotential device 240 at the locations of nodes A1 and A2 is connected to the same potential of the power unit 310, i.e., potentials VA1 and VA2 are equal, then the potentials of nodes B1, B2, B3, and B4 are equal to potentials VA1 and VA2.

[0194] In one embodiment, power unit 310 may be a half-bridge power module.

[0195] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG13, the power unit 310 includes an upper bridge arm 301 and a lower bridge arm 302. The first end of the upper bridge arm 301 is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit 320. The second end of the upper bridge arm 301 and the first end of the lower bridge arm 302 are both connected to the first connection port of the power unit 310. The second end of the lower bridge arm 302 and the second end of the energy storage unit 320 are both connected to the second connection port of the power unit 310.

[0196] In this embodiment, the upper bridge arm 301 and the lower bridge arm 302 form a bridge arm circuit. The bridge arm circuit turns on or off according to the received drive signal to control the charging or discharging of the energy storage unit 320. The first connection port or the second connection port of the bridge arm circuit is connected to the first equipotential device 240, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range, thereby achieving a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device.

[0197] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG13, the power unit 310 further includes a filter unit 313, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit 320, and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the energy storage unit 320.

[0198] In this embodiment, the filter unit 313 is connected in parallel with the bridge arm circuit composed of the upper bridge arm 301 and the lower bridge arm 302, and can be used to absorb the surge in the current flowing through the power unit 310.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first end of the energy storage unit 320 is the positive electrode of the energy storage unit 320, and the second end of the energy storage unit 320 is the negative electrode of the energy storage unit 320. The energy storage unit 320 may be composed of multiple battery packs connected in series or in parallel.

[0200] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage units 320 can be multiple.

[0201] In some embodiments, the upper bridge arm 301 and the lower bridge arm 302 include at least one of IGBT devices, IEGT devices, and MOS devices.

[0202] In some embodiments, the upper bridge arm 301 may include an IGBT device and a diode connected in parallel. The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT device, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the collector of the IGBT device. The diode serves as a fast recovery diode for the IGBT device, protecting the IGBT device.

[0203] In some embodiments, the lower bridge arm 302 may include an IGBT device and a diode connected in parallel. The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the emitter of the IGBT device, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the collector of the IGBT device. The diode serves as a fast recovery diode for the IGBT device, protecting the IGBT device.

[0204] In some embodiments, the upper bridge arm 301 and the lower bridge arm 302 are illustrated using IGBT devices as an example. Referring to FIG8, the upper bridge arm 301 includes a first switch Q1, and the lower bridge arm 302 includes a second switch Q2. The first end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit 320, the second end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first end of the second switch Q2, and the second end of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second end of the energy storage unit 320. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are IGBT devices.

[0205] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the filter unit 313 includes a filter capacitor C1, the first end of the filter capacitor C1 being connected to the first end of the energy storage unit 320, and the second end of the filter capacitor C1 being connected to the second end of the energy storage unit 320.

[0206] In this embodiment, the filter capacitor C1 can be used as a bus capacitor and connected in parallel with the energy storage unit 320. It can be used to absorb the surge in current of the energy storage unit 320 during discharge or charging.

[0207] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the filter unit 313 further includes a filter resistor R1, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit 320, and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the energy storage unit 320.

[0208] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the energy storage submodule 300 includes a power frame 401 for fixing the power unit 310. The potential of the power frame 401 is consistent with the potential of the negative power bus 312, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the negative power bus 312.

[0209] In this embodiment, within the energy storage submodule 300, a power frame 401 is typically used to fix or support the power unit 310. If the potential of the power frame 401 is ground potential, there is a problem of discharge due to the large potential difference between the power unit 310 and the power frame 401 under high voltage conditions on the energy storage device. In this embodiment, by coupling the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 to the power frame 401, the potential difference between the positive power bus 311 and the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 and the power frame 401 is reduced. Furthermore, the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is directly coupled to the positive power bus 311 and the negative power bus 312, which can clamp the potential of the medium in the medium pipeline 100 coupled to the first equipotential device 240 to the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform potential distribution within the medium pipeline 100 and reducing the potential discharge risk within the energy storage submodule 300.

[0210] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the energy storage submodule 300 includes a power frame 401 for fixing the power unit 310; the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 includes the power frame 401, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 is connected to the power frame 401.

[0211] In this embodiment, within the energy storage submodule 300, a power frame 401 is typically used to fix or support the power unit 310. If the potential of the power frame 401 is ground potential, there is a problem of discharge due to the large potential difference between the power unit 310 and the power frame 401 when the energy storage device is under high voltage. In this embodiment, by coupling the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 to the power frame 401, the potential difference between the positive power bus 311 and the negative power bus 312 of the power unit 310 and the power frame 401 is reduced. Furthermore, the equipotential point of the negative power bus 312 includes the power frame 401, and the second end of the first equipotential device 240 can be directly coupled to the power frame 401, which can reduce the cable length between the first equipotential device 240 and the power unit 310, improve the equipotential wiring layout, and reduce the discharge hazard within the energy storage submodule 300.

[0212] In some embodiments, the energy storage submodule 300 further includes: an energy storage frame 402, a submodule frame 403, and a voltage divider circuit. The energy storage frame 402 is used to fix the energy storage unit 340. The voltage divider circuit is connected to the energy storage unit 340 and is used to introduce a divided voltage to the energy storage frame 402 according to the voltage of the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit 340. The submodule frame 403 is used to fix the power frame 401 and the energy storage frame 402. The submodule frame 403 is connected to the energy storage frame 402, and the submodule frame 403 and the power frame 401 are insulated from each other by an insulator.

[0213] In this embodiment, an energy storage frame 402 is typically used to fix or support the energy storage unit 340. In a high-voltage energy storage device, each energy storage unit 340 has a high potential. A voltage divider circuit is formed by resistors R11 and R12 to provide the energy storage frame 402 with a potential between the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit 340, and to provide the power frame 401 with the potential of the negative power bus 312. This can reduce the potential difference between the positive or negative terminal of the energy storage unit 340 and the energy storage frame 402, and also reduce the potential difference between the energy storage frame 402 and the power frame 401. Even if the medium in the medium pipeline 100 is contaminated, causing the resistivity of the medium to decrease and the resistance to ground R4 to decrease, the potential of the coupling point of the first end of the first equipotential device 240 on the medium pipeline 100 is clamped to the negative power bus 312, so that the voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R11 and R12 will not provide the potential to the submodule frame 403, thereby reducing the potential difference inside the energy storage submodule 300 and improving the safety of the high-voltage direct-connected energy storage system.

[0214] In some embodiments, the cooling pipes within the energy storage system can be reused as the medium pipes 100 in the above embodiments, and a first equipotential bonding device 240 can be installed on the cooling pipes. This limits the potential difference between different potential points within the energy storage device to a smaller potential range, achieving a more uniform potential distribution throughout the entire energy storage device and preventing potential differences from concentrating on the frame, which could lead to internal discharge within the energy storage device.

[0215] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting pipeline in the energy storage system can be reused as the medium pipeline 100 in the above embodiments. A first equipotential device 240 is installed on the fire-fighting pipeline to limit the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device to a small potential range, thereby achieving a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and avoiding the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge of the energy storage device.

[0216] In some embodiments, the medium conduit 100 is at least partially located outside the energy storage submodule 300 and extends to ground potential.

[0217] In this embodiment, the grounded portion of the medium pipe 100 can be made conductive to ground the medium within the medium pipe 100.

[0218] In some embodiments, the medium conduit 100 is coupled to the power unit 310 or the energy storage unit 320, and the medium in the medium conduit 100 can be a cooling medium, which exchanges heat with the power unit 310 or the energy storage unit 320 through the medium conduit 100.

[0219] In some embodiments, the cooling medium may include a coolant or a cooling gas.

[0220] In some embodiments, the cooling gas may be an inert gas such as nitrogen or helium.

[0221] In some embodiments, the medium pipeline 100 can be used as a fire-fighting pipeline, and the medium inside the medium pipeline 100 can be a fire extinguishing agent.

[0222] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit 340 includes a battery module, the positive and negative terminals of which are respectively connected to the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the power unit 310.

[0223] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit 340 includes a supercapacitor, the two ends of which are connected to the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the power unit 310, respectively.

[0224] In some embodiments, the medium pipe 100 is connected to the water-cooled plate of the power unit 310 so that the medium can exchange heat with the power unit 310. The medium pipe 100 can also be connected to the water-cooled plate of the energy storage unit 340 so that the medium can exchange heat with the energy storage unit.

[0225] In this embodiment, the medium in the medium pipe 100 is a coolant. The first equipotential device 240 is electrically connected to the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310, thereby introducing the potential of the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310 into the coolant in the medium pipe 100. This limits the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device to a small potential range, achieving a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and avoiding the situation where the potential difference is concentrated on the frame, causing internal discharge of the energy storage device.

[0226] In some embodiments, the medium conduit 100 may also contact or communicate with the housing of the power unit 310.

[0227] In some embodiments, the medium conduit 100 may also be connected to the outer casing of the energy storage unit 340 so that the medium can be introduced into the cavity area formed by the outer casing for fire protection or heat exchange.

[0228] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the voltage to ground of the energy storage submodule 300 is greater than a first threshold. Here, the voltage to ground can be the voltage to ground of a certain energy storage submodule after the energy storage submodules are cascaded and boosted.

[0229] In some embodiments, the first threshold may include 10kV.

[0230] In some embodiments, multiple energy storage submodules 300 are connected in series to form an energy storage device, which can be connected to a DC power grid or an AC power grid.

[0231] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes at least two medium pipes 100, and the first connection port and the second connection port of the power unit 310 in the energy storage submodule 300 can be respectively connected to the first equipotential device 240 disposed on the at least two medium pipes 100.

[0232] In this embodiment, the first equipotential device 240 provided on each medium pipe 100 can be connected to the same power unit 310 or to different power units 310. The potential of the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310 is introduced into the medium in the corresponding medium pipe 100, so that the potential difference between different potential points in the energy storage device is limited to a small potential range, thereby achieving a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device.

[0233] In some embodiments, multiple energy storage units 340 can be connected in series via corresponding power units 310. Each power unit 310 and its corresponding energy storage unit 340 form an energy storage submodule 300. Each energy storage submodule 300 is provided with a branch pipe 120. Multiple branch pipes 120 are connected to a corresponding main pipe 110. A first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided in the first communication area between each branch pipe 120 and the main pipe 110. The main circuit of each power unit 310 in each energy storage submodule 300 is connected to the corresponding main pipe 110 through the corresponding first equipotential bonding device 240.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first connecting region between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 may include the connection point between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, or it may include a portion of the main pipe 110 and a portion of the branch pipe 120.

[0235] In some embodiments, the distance between a portion of the main pipe 110 and the connection point may be less than or equal to the distance between adjacent power units.

[0236] In some embodiments, the distance between a portion of the branch pipe 120 and the connection point may be less than or equal to half the length of the branch pipe 120.

[0237] In some embodiments, the power unit 310 may include a power conversion circuit for converting the electrical energy of the energy storage unit 320 into DC power output. The first connection port of the power unit 310 may be a positive power bus, and the second connection port of the power unit 310 may be a negative power bus.

[0238] In some embodiments, depending on the operating state of the power unit 310, the first connection port of the power unit 310 can be a current input terminal, and the second connection port of the power unit 310 can be a current output terminal.

[0239] In some embodiments, under other operating states of the power unit 310, the first connection port of the power unit 310 can be a current output terminal, and the second connection port of the power unit 310 can be a current input terminal.

[0240] In some embodiments, the power unit 310 includes a plurality of transistors disposed on a circuit board. A heat sink is provided on the back of the circuit board for dissipating heat from the transistors. The branch pipes are in contact with the heat sink to achieve the purpose of dissipating heat from the power unit.

[0241] In one embodiment, the main circuit can be an energy storage circuit composed of a power unit 310 and an energy storage unit 320. For example, the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the power unit 310 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit 320. The control terminal of the power unit 310 is used to receive control signals and charge and discharge the energy storage unit 320 according to the control signals.

[0242] When the energy storage unit 320 is discharging, the power unit 310 converts the electrical energy of the energy storage unit 320 into DC power and outputs it through the first connection port or the second connection port of the power unit 310. When the energy storage unit 320 is charging, the first connection port and the second connection port of the power unit 310 serve as input ports for external current, and the two input ports of the power unit 310 serve as output ports, converting the external current into DC power to charge the energy storage unit 320.

[0243] In one embodiment, the first connected region can be a circular region centered on the contact point between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, with a radius not exceeding the diameter of the main pipe 110.

[0244] In some embodiments, the contact point between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 may include the intersection of the centerlines of the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, or the intersection of the pipe walls of the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120.

[0245] In one embodiment, the first connecting region may include the contact point between the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120, which may be the welding point when the main pipe 110 and the branch pipe 120 are connected by welding.

[0246] In some embodiments, the ball-head electrode can be a copper ball.

[0247] In some embodiments, the number of branch pipes 120 is the same as the number of sub-modules in the energy storage device, and each energy storage sub-module may include an energy storage circuit composed of an energy storage unit 320 and a power unit 310. In the case of multiple energy storage sub-modules, the branch pipes 120 may be connected to the main pipe 110 respectively.

[0248] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes multiple energy storage submodules, each of which is fixed by a module frame 400. To ensure good load-bearing capacity, the module frame 400 is generally made of metal. A branch pipe 120 is provided on the outer side of each module frame 400. The multiple branch pipes 120 are respectively connected to the main pipe 110, and a first equipotential bonding device 240 is provided in the contact area between each branch pipe 120 and the main pipe 110. This first equipotential bonding device 240 is connected to a first connection port or a second connection port of the main circuit.

[0249] This application also provides a power supply system, including an energy storage device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0250] In this embodiment, the power supply system may include multiple energy storage devices, the multiple energy storage devices forming a tower-type energy storage valve, or multiple energy storage devices all being installed on an insulated platform.

[0251] This application also provides an electronic device, including an energy storage device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0252] In this embodiment, the electronic device can be a power supply device or an energy storage device. The power supply device consists of multiple energy storage devices, which can be centrally located in the same cabin. By setting up an equipotential bonding device to connect the positive and negative power buses of the main circuit in parallel, the potential distribution within the cabin is relatively uniform, avoiding insulation problems.

[0253] In this embodiment, the energy storage device includes a medium pipeline with heat exchange or fire protection functions. By coupling the first end of the first equipotential bonding device to the medium in the medium pipeline, and connecting the second end of the first equipotential bonding device to the equipotential point of the positive power bus or the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit, the first end and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device are electrically connected, so that the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline and the energy storage submodule is limited to a certain range, and the other end of the medium pipeline is coupled to the ground potential, so as to achieve a more uniform potential distribution in the entire energy storage device and avoid the problem of internal discharge caused by excessive potential difference in the energy storage submodule.

[0254] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0255] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0256] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0257] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0258] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0259] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device includes: At least two energy storage submodules, each energy storage submodule including an energy storage unit and a power unit, the power unit being connected to the energy storage unit, the power unit including a positive power bus and a negative power bus, the power units of at least two of the energy storage submodules being cascaded through the positive power bus or the negative power bus; A medium conduit for flowing medium, one end of which is coupled to the power unit and / or the energy storage unit, and the other end of which is coupled to ground potential; A first equipotential bonding device, wherein a first end of the first equipotential bonding device is coupled to the medium pipeline, and a second end of the first equipotential bonding device is coupled to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus, and the first end and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device are electrically connected.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The position where the first end of the first equipotential bonding device is coupled to the medium pipeline satisfies the following condition: A. Under the action of pressure division, the potential difference between the medium in the medium pipeline closest to the energy storage submodule and the energy storage submodule is less than the air discharge threshold. B. The electric field energy density inside the medium pipeline is less than the dielectric discharge threshold inside the medium pipeline.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The location where the first end of the first equipotential device is coupled to the medium pipeline includes the area of ​​the medium pipeline that is opposite to or covered by the energy storage submodule connected to the second end of the first equipotential device.

4. The energy storage device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The power unit includes a first connection port and a second connection port, the first connection port and the second connection port being respectively connected to the positive power bus and the negative power bus of the power unit; The second end of the first equipotential device is connected to either the first connection port or the second connection port.

5. The energy storage device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The energy storage submodule also includes a switch, and the power unit includes a third connection port, which is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage unit via the switch; The second end of the first equipotential device is connected to the negative DC bus between the third connection port and the switch.

6. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The medium pipeline includes a main pipeline and branch pipelines, and the branch pipelines are used for heat exchange with the power unit and / or energy storage unit. The first equipotential bonding device is connected to the equipotential point of the medium pipeline, and the equipotential point of the medium pipeline is in a first connecting region between the main pipeline and the branch pipeline, wherein the first connecting region includes the area where the main pipeline and the branch pipeline are in contact.

7. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, At least two of the energy storage submodules are stacked together, and adjacent energy storage submodules are insulated from each other by insulators; The energy storage submodule closest to ground potential in at least two stacked energy storage submodules is coupled to the medium pipeline through the first equipotential device.

8. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, At least two of the energy storage submodules are arranged horizontally; each of the energy storage submodules is coupled to the medium pipeline through the first equipotential device.

9. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, At least two of the energy storage submodules are horizontally mounted on the electric platform; The first and last energy storage submodules in at least two horizontally arranged energy storage submodules are coupled to the medium pipeline through the first equipotential device.

10. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, At least two first equipotential bonding devices are provided on the same medium pipeline, and an insulating pipeline is provided between adjacent first equipotential bonding devices.

11. The energy storage device of claim 10, wherein, The second ends of the multiple first equipotential devices are respectively connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus or the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the multiple energy storage submodules.

12. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The medium conduit includes a metal conduit and an insulating conduit, and the first end of the first equipotential device is coupled to the metal conduit in the medium conduit.

13. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The first end of the first equipotential device extends into the medium pipeline.

14. The energy storage device of claim 13, wherein, The first end of the first equipotential device extends into the medium pipe through the first through hole on the medium pipe, and the first equipotential device is sealed with the edge of the first through hole.

15. The energy storage device of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The first equipotential device extends to the first end of the medium channel, which is a ball-shaped electrode.

16. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-15, wherein, The medium pipeline includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and the first equipotential device is installed on both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

17. The energy storage device of claim 16, wherein, The second ends of the first equipotential bonding device on the inlet pipe and the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe are connected at the same position.

18. The energy storage device of claim 16, wherein, The second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the inlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit, and the second end of the first equipotential bonding device on the outlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit; or The second end of the first equipotential device on the inlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the negative power bus of the power unit, and the second end of the first equipotential device on the outlet pipe is connected to the equipotential point of the positive power bus of the power unit.

19. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-18, wherein, The energy storage submodule also includes: A power frame for fixing the power unit; The potential of the power frame is the same as the potential of the negative power bus, and the second end of the first equipotential device is connected to the negative power bus.

20. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-18, wherein, The energy storage submodule also includes: A power frame is used to fix the power unit. The equipotential point of the negative power bus includes the power frame. The second end of the first equipotential device is connected to the power frame.

21. The energy storage device of claim 19 or 20, wherein, The energy storage submodule also includes: An energy storage frame for fixing the energy storage unit; A voltage divider circuit, connected to the energy storage unit, is used to introduce a voltage divider voltage to the energy storage frame based on the voltages of the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage unit. A submodule frame is used to fix the power frame and the energy storage frame. The submodule frame is connected to the energy storage frame, and the submodule frame and the power frame are insulated from each other by insulators.

22. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-21, wherein, The power unit is a half-bridge power module.

23. An energy storage system characterized by, Includes the energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-22.

24. An apparatus comprising: Includes the energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-22.

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