Picture source, display apparatus, on-board system and vehicle

Abstract

A display apparatus (500; 700; 130), a picture source (200), an on-board system and a vehicle. By means of arranging a polarization modulation module or a filter module at a position optically conjugate to an eye box of a user, a polarization direction of picture light is changed by means of polarization modulation, and the filter module is used to perform selection on picture light of different polarization directions, such that a picture generation unit (201; 701) uses all pixels to generate two adjacent picture frames, thereby realizing the separation of picture light at different viewing angles, which not only ensures a high resolution of display, but also avoids the provision of a polarizing element at the position of the eye box of the user, thereby facilitating the implementation of a display system of an autostereoscopic picture and providing a more comfortable user experience for a viewer. In addition, left-eye and right-eye stereoscopic views can be more accurately controlled by means of the polarization characteristics and filtering selection of the picture light, thereby reducing the crosstalk between left-eye and right-eye pictures and achieving the effect of improving the display quality.

Description

An image source, display device, vehicle system, and vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422782162.7, filed on November 15, 2024, entitled "An Image Source, Display Device, Vehicle System and Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of display technology and the field of intelligent vehicle driving technology, and more specifically, to an image source, display device, vehicle system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] Three-dimensional (3D) displays utilize the principle of binocular parallax to simulate the human eye's perception of depth. This process involves displaying at least two offset two-dimensional (2D) images to the viewer's left and right eyes, allowing the viewer's brain to combine these two offset 2D images to create a sense of stereoscopic depth. Currently, 3D displays generally suffer from several drawbacks, including low image resolution, large system size, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an image source, a display device, an in-vehicle system, and a vehicle. It features a small size and high imaging resolution, resulting in excellent display performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a display device, which includes an image generation unit, a polarization modulation module, and a filtering module. The polarization modulation module or the filtering module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The image generation unit is configured to emit a first image light at a first moment and emit a second image light at a second moment, wherein the first image light corresponds to a first image and the second image light corresponds to a second image, which are two adjacent frames. The polarization modulation module is configured to generate at least one polarized image light based on the first image light or the second image light and emit the at least one polarized image light to the filtering module. The filtering module is configured to select and emit the first polarized image light, wherein the first polarized image light is used to generate the first image or the second image, and the first polarized image light is one of the at least one polarized image light.

[0006] In some embodiments, the polarization modulation module is a polarization modulator, and the filtering module is a first polarization filter and a second polarization filter. In this case, the polarization modulator generates a polarized image light based on the first image light or the second image light, and the first and second polarization filters are used to selectively transmit the polarized image light generated by the polarization modulator. In other embodiments, the polarization modulation module is a first polarization modulator and a second polarization modulator, and the filtering module is a polarization beam splitter. In this case, the first polarization modulator generates two corresponding polarized image lights, such as a third image light and a fourth image light, based on the first image light or the second image light, and the second polarization modulator generates two corresponding polarized image lights, such as a fifth image light and a sixth image light, based on the first image light or the second image light. In this case, the polarization beam splitter is used to selectively reflect one of the third and fifth image lights, or to selectively reflect one of the fourth and sixth image lights.

[0007] By arranging the polarization modulation module or filtering module in a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box, image light from different viewing angles can be separated. This facilitates the development of an automatic stereoscopic image display system, enabling its application in more display scenarios and providing a more comfortable user experience. Furthermore, utilizing the polarization characteristics of image light and selecting appropriate filters allows for more precise control of the left and right eye stereoscopic views, reducing crosstalk between the left and right eye images and improving display quality.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the polarization modulation module includes a first polarization modulator, which is used to generate a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image, wherein the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal, the third image light is used to generate the first image, and the fourth image light is used to generate the second image.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the filtering module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The filtering module includes a first polarization filter and a second polarization filter. The polarization direction of the first polarization filter is the first polarization direction, and the polarization direction of the second polarization filter is the second polarization direction. The first polarization filter is used to transmit the third image light, and the second polarization filter is used to transmit the fourth image light.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the display device further includes a polarization conversion element located in the light-emitting direction of the first polarization filter, the polarization conversion element being used to convert the polarization direction of the third image light to the second polarization direction; or, the polarization conversion element being located in the light-emitting direction of the second polarization filter, the polarization conversion element being used to convert the polarization direction of the fourth image light to the first polarization direction.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the polarization conversion element is a half-wave plate.

[0012] By introducing a half-wave plate into the display device, when the image light emitted by the display device is p-polarized light, it can be converted into s-polarized light, which is more conducive to imaging of the HUD display system, thereby improving the display quality.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the polarization modulation module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The polarization modulation module includes a first polarization modulator and a second polarization modulator. The display device further includes a first reflective element. The first polarization modulator is used to generate a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image light. The second polarization modulator is used to generate a fifth image light with a second polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a sixth image light with a first polarization direction based on the second image light. The first reflective element is used to reflect the third and fifth image lights to the filtering module, or to reflect the fourth and sixth image lights to the filtering module. In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the filtering module includes a polarization beam splitter, wherein the polarization beam splitter is used to transmit image light with the first polarization direction and reflect image light with the second polarization direction.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the display device further includes a diffusion screen located between the image generation unit and the polarization modulation module. The diffusion screen is used to diffuse the first image light to generate diffused first image light and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the first image light; or, it is used to diffuse the second image light to generate diffused second image light and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the second image light.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the display device further includes a diffusion screen located between the first polarization modulator and the filtering module. The diffusion screen is used to diffuse the third image light to generate diffused third image light, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the third image light; or, to diffuse the fourth image light to generate diffused fourth image light, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the fourth image light.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the filtering module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The filtering module includes a first polarization filter and a second polarization filter. The polarization direction of the first polarization filter is the first polarization direction, and the polarization direction of the second polarization filter is the second polarization direction. The first polarization filter is used to transmit the diffused third image light, and the second polarization filter is used to transmit the diffused fourth image light.

[0017] Secondly, this application provides an image source. The image source includes: an image generation unit and a polarization modulator, wherein the image generation unit is configured to emit a first image light at a first moment and emit a second image light at a second moment, the first image light corresponding to a first image and the second image light corresponding to a second image being two adjacent frames; the polarization modulator is configured to generate a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image, the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction being orthogonal, the third image light being used to generate the first image, and the fourth image light being used to generate the second image.

[0018] By altering the polarization directions of the first and second image lights using a polarization modulator, the image generation unit can use all pixels to generate two adjacent frames, thus ensuring high resolution of the image source. Furthermore, the polarization modulator rapidly switches between orthogonal polarizations, enabling the viewer's left and right eyes to simultaneously view the left and right images, resulting in a 3D viewing experience. Therefore, when the image source provided in this application is applied to a display device, it facilitates the display of both 2D and 3D images using a single image source.

[0019] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the image source further includes a diffusion screen located between the image generation unit and the polarization modulator. The diffusion screen is used to diffuse the first image light to generate diffused first image light, and to emit the diffused first image light to the polarization modulator, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the first image light; or, to diffuse the second image light to generate diffused second image light, and to emit the diffused second image light to the polarization modulator, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the second image light; the polarization modulator is specifically used to modulate the diffused first image light to generate the third image light, or to modulate the diffused second image light to generate the fourth image light.

[0020] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the image source further includes a diffusion screen located in the light-emitting direction of the polarization modulator. Specifically, the polarization modulator is used to: modulate the first image light to generate the third image light, or modulate the second image light to generate the fourth image light; the diffusion screen is used to diffuse the third image light to generate diffused third image light, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the third image light; or, to diffuse the fourth image light to generate diffused fourth image light, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the fourth image light.

[0021] The application of this application provides a wider range of application scenarios for the image source by implementing a diffused screen design that does not rely on the location of the PGU.

[0022] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first image light and the second image light are image lights with a third polarization direction, the third polarization direction being the same as the first polarization direction, or the third polarization direction being the same as the second polarization direction.

[0023] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the image source is used to generate a two-dimensional 2D image, or the image source is used to generate a three-dimensional 3D image.

[0024] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the image generation unit and the polarization modulator are integrated into the same module.

[0025] By integrating the image generation unit and the polarization modulator into the same module, the image source volume can be further reduced, which is beneficial for realizing small-volume display devices.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an in-vehicle system, which includes a display device as described in the first aspect and any implementation thereof.

[0027] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a means of transportation that includes a display device and a windshield as described in the first aspect and any of the implementations of the first aspect above, or includes an in-vehicle system and the windshield as described in the third aspect above, wherein the windshield is used to reflect image light emitted from the display device to a human eye. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the HUD device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an image source 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first image 303 and a second image 304 displayed on the display area 302 of the windshield 301 according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a PGU 201 applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first display device 500 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical path 1000 of the display device 500 provided in the embodiment of this application applied to the HUD display system.

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the second display device 700 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the display device 700 provided in the embodiment of this application applied to the optical path 2000 of a vehicle.

[0036] Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of the display device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a means of transportation provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 11 is a schematic functional block diagram of a mobile carrier 25 provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] The following description is provided to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application.

[0041] First, the terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations used in the textual descriptions or drawings of the embodiments of this application shown below are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to describe a specific order or sequence, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, "first image light" and "second image light" refer to image lights at different times, etc.

[0042] Second, the terms “comprising” and “having” and any variations thereof in the embodiments of this application shown below are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

[0043] Third, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Embodiments or designs described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner for ease of understanding.

[0044] Fourth, in the embodiments of this application, image light refers to light carrying an image (or image information) used to generate an image, and can also be called imaging light.

[0045] Fifth, in the accompanying drawings of this application, for ease of explanation, the shapes of the optical elements shown are illustrated by way of example. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative and not strictly drawn to scale.

[0046] Sixth, unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this application (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined herein.

[0047] In a 3D stereoscopic display system, at least two 2D offset images are used, displayed to the left and right eyes respectively. The viewer's brain combines these 2D offset images to create a perception of 3D depth. To enrich the viewer's 3D experience, the number of displayed 2D offset images is typically increased. Using different pixels from a single image source to generate multiple different 2D offset images reduces the resolution of each image, thus affecting the resolution of the 3D display. Using multiple image sources to generate multiple different 2D offset images not only increases the size of the 3D display system but also leads to excessively high costs. Furthermore, while some solutions involve wearing 3D glasses to view 3D content, these solutions are unsuitable for head-up display (HUD) systems.

[0048] In view of this, this application proposes an image source and display device that can not only provide 2D display but also be applied to 3D display systems, such as HUD systems. The image source and display device provided by this application can achieve a 3D stereoscopic display effect with a single image source, allowing the observer to see a stereoscopic 3D image without wearing any special glasses. Simultaneously, the 2D image used for 3D imaging possesses the full resolution of the image source; therefore, the display device provided by this application also has a high-resolution display effect. Furthermore, the solution of this application can precisely control the views of the left and right eyes through polarization selection, reducing crosstalk between the left and right eye views and thus improving display quality.

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the HUD device provided in this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the HUD device is installed in a car. The HUD device is used to project vehicle status information, external object indication information, and navigation information through the vehicle's windshield into the driver's field of vision. Status information includes, but is not limited to, driving speed, mileage, fuel level, water temperature, and headlight status. External object indication information includes, but is not limited to, safe following distance, surrounding obstacles, and reversing camera image. Navigation information includes, but is not limited to, directional arrows, distance, and travel time.

[0050] The virtual images corresponding to navigation information and external object indications can be superimposed on the real environment outside the vehicle, providing the driver with augmented reality visual effects. This can be used for augmented reality (AR) navigation, adaptive cruise control, lane departure warning, and more. Because the virtual images of navigation information can be combined with the real-world scene, HUD devices are typically used in conjunction with the vehicle's advanced driver assistance system (ADAS). To avoid interfering with road conditions, the virtual images of instrument panel information are usually positioned about 2 to 3 meters away from the driver's eyes. To better integrate the virtual images of navigation information with the real road surface, the virtual images of navigation information are generally positioned about 7 to 15 meters away from the driver's eyes. The location of the virtual image of navigation information is called the far focal plane, and the plane where the virtual image of instrument panel information is located is called the near focal plane.

[0051] It should be noted that the HUD devices applicable to the embodiments of this application can be HUD devices in single-focal-area application scenarios, or dual-focal-area display devices, etc. Furthermore, the HUD devices applicable to the solutions of this application can be applied not only to vehicles, but also to driving vehicles such as ships, airplanes, helicopters, and trains; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be noted that the display device provided in this application embodiment can be applied not only to the HUD device shown in FIG1, but also to other display devices. In other words, FIG1 is only one application scenario of the display device provided in this application embodiment, and not the only application scenario.

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an image source 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. It is understood that the image source 200 can be applied to the HUD device shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 2, the image source 200 includes an image generation unit (PGU) 201 and a polarization modulator 202. The PGU 201 emits a first image light at a first moment and emits a second image light at a second moment. The first image corresponding to the first image light and the second image corresponding to the second image light are two adjacent frames. The polarization modulator 202 generates a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light at the first moment, or generates a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image light at the second moment. The first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal directions. The third image light is used to generate the first image, and the fourth image light is used to generate the second image.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this application, the first moment can be understood as the moment when the PGU 201 generates the first image, that is, the moment when the PGU 201 emits the first image light. The second moment is the moment when the PGU 201 generates the second image, that is, the moment when the PGU 201 emits the second image light. The first image and the second image are two adjacent frames; therefore, the first moment and the second moment can also be understood as the moment when the PGU 201 generates two adjacent frames, or as the moment when the PGU 201 emits the image light corresponding to two adjacent frames.

[0055] In this application, the first and second image lights emitted by PGU 201 can be polarized or unpolarized light. It is understood that when the first and second image lights are polarized, they are polarized in the same direction. For example, if the first and second image lights are linearly polarized, they are both p-polarized or s-polarized, and in this case, PGU 201 emits linearly polarized light. As another example, if the first and second image lights are circularly polarized, they are both left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized, and in this case, PGU 201 emits circularly polarized light.

[0056] The third and fourth image lights are polarized lights with mutually orthogonal polarization directions. In some embodiments, the third and fourth image lights can be linearly polarized light; for example, the third image light is p-polarized light and the fourth image light is s-polarized light. Alternatively, the third image light is s-polarized light and the fourth image light is p-polarized light. In other embodiments, the third and fourth image lights can be circularly polarized light; for example, the third image light is left-handed circularly polarized light and the fourth image light is right-handed circularly polarized light. Alternatively, the third image light is right-handed circularly polarized light and the fourth image light is left-handed circularly polarized light. It is understood that when the first and second image lights are polarized light, their polarization directions can be the same as or the same as the polarization direction of the third image light. For example, when the third image light is p-polarized light and the fourth image light is s-polarized light, the first and second image lights can be either p-polarized light or s-polarized light. It is also understood that this application does not limit the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction. As can be seen from the above examples, if the third image light and the fourth image light are linearly polarized light, the first polarization direction can be the p-light polarization direction (corresponding to the s-light polarization direction as the second polarization direction) or the s-light polarization direction (corresponding to the p-light polarization direction as the second polarization direction). If the third image light and the fourth image light are circularly polarized light, the first polarization direction can be a left-handed circularly polarized direction (corresponding to the right-handed circularly polarized direction as the second polarization direction) or the right-handed circularly polarized direction (corresponding to the left-handed circularly polarized direction as the second polarization direction).

[0057] It should be noted that in this application, the PGU 201 and the polarization modulator 202 operate in a synchronized state. That is, when the PGU 201 emits the first image light, the polarization modulator 202 changes the polarization direction of the incident light to the first polarization direction, i.e., generates emitted light with the first polarization direction. When the PGU 201 emits the second image light, the polarization modulator 202 changes the polarization direction of the incident light to the second polarization direction, i.e., generates emitted light with the second polarization direction. In other words, the image source 200 generating the first image corresponds to the polarization modulator 202 generating emitted light with the first polarization direction, and the image source 200 generating the second image corresponds to the polarization modulator 202 generating emitted light with the second polarization direction. In one possible implementation, the processing module of the PGU 201 can be synchronized with the processing module of the polarization modulator 202, and an electrical signal can be sent to the polarization modulator 202 via an electrical connection to ensure synchronized operation. For example, when PGU 201 generates a first image, the processing module of PGU 201 sends an electrical signal instructing the processing module of polarization modulator 202 to generate the first image. Based on the received electrical signal, polarization modulator 202 converts itself into generating outgoing light with a first polarization direction. For example, if the first polarization direction is the direction of p-polarized light and the second polarization direction is the direction of s-polarized light, when PGU 201 emits the first image light, polarization modulator 202 generates p-polarized light based on the first image light; when PGU 201 emits the second image light, polarization modulator 202 generates s-polarized light based on the second image light.

[0058] Optionally, the PGU 201 and the polarization modulator 202 are integrated into the same module. In this case, the module can be understood as a new type of PGU capable of generating two mutually orthogonal polarized image lights. That is, the two adjacent frames of images generated by the new type of PGU are carried on beams with mutually orthogonal polarization directions, and the new type of PGU alternately emits two orthogonal polarization direction image lights.

[0059] In this application, the polarization modulator 202 operates by controlling the polarization state of the optical carrier through an electrical signal, thereby modulating the optical signal. This application does not limit the modulation scheme implemented by the polarization modulator 202. For example, the polarization modulator 202 can utilize the Pockels effect to change the polarization direction of the incident light, or it can achieve the transformation of the polarization state of the light beam through the electro-optic effect of liquid crystal materials.

[0060] It should be noted that in this application, the first image and the second image may be the same or different.

[0061] In one feasible approach, when the first image light and the second image light are identical—that is, when the image information carried by the first image light is the same as that carried by the second image light (and also when the image information carried by the third image light and the fourth image light are the same)—the image source 200 generates two identical images. In some embodiments, when the image source 200 is applied to a HUD device, the first image and the second image can be images seen by the driver's left and right eyes, respectively. The first and second images have a depth offset, and the identical images seen by the driver's left and right eyes are located on different focal planes. In this case, the image source 200 provides the driver with a 3D HUD image, such as navigation information for a vehicle, including but not limited to directional arrows, distance, etc. For example, in the display area 302 of the windshield 301 shown in FIG3, the first image 303 and the second image 304 can be identical images seen by the driver's left and right eyes at different depths. In this case, the driver receives a single 3D image with depth information in their brain through the first image 303 and the second image 304. In other embodiments, when the image source 200 is applied to other in-vehicle display devices, the first image and the second image can be images seen by the passenger's left and right eyes, respectively. In this case, the image source 200 is used to provide the passenger with 3D images, such as entertainment information, including but not limited to 3D video animations. For example, in the display area 302 of the windshield 301 shown in FIG3, the first image 303 and the second image 304 can be the same images at different depths seen by the passenger's left and right eyes, respectively. In this case, the passenger perceives a single 3D image with depth information in their brain through the first image 303 and the second image 304. In yet another embodiment, when the image source 200 is applied to other in-vehicle display devices, the first image and the second image can also be images seen by the driver's eyes and the passenger's eyes, respectively. In this case, the image source 200 is used to provide the driver and the passenger with the same 2D image, respectively. As an example, in the display area 302 of the windshield 301 shown in FIG3, the first image 303 is the image seen by the driver's eyes, and the second image 304 is the image seen by the passenger's eyes, and the first image 303 and the second image 304 are the same.

[0062] In another possible implementation, when the first image light and the second image light are different—that is, the image information carried by the first image light is different from the image information carried by the second image light (and also the image information carried by the third image light and the image information carried by the fourth image light are different)—the image source 200 is used to generate two different images. In some embodiments, if the image source 200 is applied to a HUD device, the first image and the second image can be images seen by the driver's left and right eyes, respectively. In this case, the image source 200 is used to provide the driver with a 3D HUD image. For example, in the display area 302 of the windshield 301 shown in FIG3, the first image 303 and the second image 304 can be different images seen by the driver's left and right eyes, respectively. In this case, the driver perceives different images at different depths in the brain through the first image 303 and the second image 304. In other embodiments, if the image source 200 is applied to other in-vehicle display devices, the first image and the second image can be different images seen by the passenger's left and right eyes, respectively. In this case, the image source 200 is used to provide the passenger with a 3D image. For example, in the display area 302 of the windshield 301 shown in FIG. 3, the first image 303 and the second image 304 can be different images seen by the passenger's left and right eyes, respectively. In this case, the passenger perceives different images at different depths in their brain through the first image 303 and the second image 304. In some other embodiments, the first image and the second image can be images seen by the driver's eyes and the passenger's eyes, respectively. In this case, the image source 200 is used to provide different 2D images to the driver and the passenger, respectively. For example, in the display area 302 of the windshield 301 shown in FIG. 3, the first image 303 is the image seen by the driver's eyes, and the second image 304 is the image seen by the passenger's eyes, and the first image 303 and the second image 304 are different.

[0063] This application does not limit the imaging technology of the PGU 201. For example, the PGU 201 can employ technologies such as liquid crystal display (LCD), liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), micro-LED, miniLED, digital light processing (DLP), or micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PGU 201 applicable to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the PGU 201 includes a light source 410, a modulation unit 420, and a projection lens 430. The light source 410 provides a light beam carrying image information. The modulation unit 420 modulates the light beam emitted from the light source 410 according to the image information, so that the light output from the modulation unit 420 carries image information; that is, the light output from the modulation unit 420 is image light (e.g., a first image light or a second image light). The projection lens 430 emits image light carrying image information. It is understood that, depending on the different imaging technologies employed by the PGU 201, the light source 410, modulation unit 420, and projection lens 430 in Figure 4 can employ components corresponding to different imaging technologies. For example, when the PGU 201 employs LCD imaging technology, the light source 410 can be an LED light source. When the PGU 201 employs MEMS imaging technology, the light source 410 can be a laser light source. It is also understood that Figure 4 is only one structure of the PGU 201 applicable to embodiments of this application; that is, the PGU 201 applicable to embodiments of this application is not limited to that shown in Figure 4. In other embodiments, the PGU 201 applicable to embodiments of this application may also include a collimation module, a homogenizing module, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0064] Optionally, the image source 200 further includes a diffuser screen 203. In some embodiments, the diffuser screen 203 is located between the PGU 201 and the polarization modulator 202, as shown in FIG2(a). Specifically, the diffuser screen 203 is used to diffuse the first image light received at a first moment to generate diffused first image light, and to emit the diffused first image light to the polarization modulator 202, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the first image light received at the first moment. Alternatively, the diffuser screen 203 is used to diffuse the second image light received at a second moment to generate diffused second image light, and to emit the diffused second image light to the polarization modulator 202, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the second image light. It is understood that when the diffuser screen 203 is located between the PGU 201 and the polarization modulator 202, the polarization modulator 202 modulates the diffused first image light to generate a third image light, or modulates the diffused second image light to generate a fourth image light. In other embodiments, when the diffuser 203 is located in the light-emitting direction of the polarization modulator 202, i.e., arranged along the transmission direction of the third or fourth image light, the diffuser 203 is located behind the polarization modulator 202, as shown in Figure 2(b). Specifically, the diffuser 203 is used to diffuse the third image light received from the polarization modulator 202 at a first moment to generate diffused third image light, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the third image light; or, the diffuser 203 is used to diffuse the fourth image light received from the polarization modulator 202 at a second moment to generate diffused fourth image light, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the fourth image light.

[0065] It is understandable that when the first and second image lights are polarized, for the image source structure shown in Figure 2(a), the diffuser 203 is a polarization-maintaining diffuser, for example, it can be a diffuser with a surface designed as a microlens array. For the image source structure shown in Figure 2(b), the third and fourth image lights are polarized lights generated by the polarization modulator 202; therefore, the diffuser 203 is a polarization-maintaining diffuser. When the first and second image lights are unpolarized, for the image source structure shown in Figure 2(a), the diffuser 203 can be either a polarization-maintaining diffuser or a depolarizing diffuser, where the depolarizing diffuser can be, for example, a diffuse scattering diffuser with a roughened surface. For the image source structure shown in Figure 2(b), the diffuser 203 is still a polarization-maintaining diffuser. It is also understandable that, since the diffuser screen 203 does not have the function of changing the polarization direction of light, for the image source structure shown in Figure 2(a), the diffused first image light and the diffused second image light maintain the polarization directions of the first image light and the second image light, respectively; that is, the polarization directions of the diffused first image light and the diffused second image light are the same. For the image source structure shown in Figure 2(b), the diffused third image light has the same polarization direction as the third image light, and the diffused fourth image light has the same polarization direction as the fourth image light; that is, the polarization direction of the diffused third image light is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the diffused fourth image light.

[0066] It should be noted that in the image source 200 provided in this application, since a polarization modulator 202 is introduced after the PGU 201, the polarization direction of the first image light and the second image light is changed by the polarization modulator 202. Therefore, the image source 200 can be used in conjunction with a filtering module with polarization selection function, so as to generate a 2D view of the 3D image based only on one of the first image light and the second image light. At this time, when the PGU 201 generates two adjacent frames, it can use all the pixels to generate the first image and the second image, instead of using only a portion of the pixels to provide 2D views with different offsets, thereby ensuring the high resolution of the 3D display. In addition, when the image source 200 provided in this application is applied to a display device, not only can 2D image display be realized by a single image source 200, but also, since the polarization modulator 202 and the PGU 201 are in a synchronous working state, the rapid switching between orthogonal polarizations by the polarization modulator 202 enables the viewer's left and right eyes to view the left and right images simultaneously, thereby bringing a 3D viewing experience.

[0067] Based on the image source 200 shown in FIG2, FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first display device 500 provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in FIG5, the display device 500 includes an image source 200, a first polarization filter 510 and a second polarization filter 520. The polarization direction of the first polarization filter 510 is a first polarization direction, that is, it can transmit image light in the first polarization direction. The polarization direction of the second polarization filter 520 is a second polarization direction, that is, it can transmit image light in the second polarization direction. Specifically, when the image source 200 includes a diffuser screen and adopts (a) in FIG2, the image source 200 is used to emit a third image light to the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 at a first moment, or to emit a fourth image light to the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 at a second moment. At this time, the first polarization filter 510 is used to transmit the third image light. The second polarization filter 520 is used to transmit the fourth image light. When the image source 200 includes a diffusion screen and uses the method shown in Figure 2(b), the image source 200 is used to emit diffused third image light to the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 at a first moment, or to emit diffused fourth image light to the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 at a second moment. In this case, the first polarization filter 510 is used to transmit the diffused third image light. The second polarization filter 520 is used to transmit the diffused fourth image light.

[0068] It is understandable that, since the polarization directions of the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 are orthogonal, when image light from the image source 200 is received, only half of the image light can pass through either the first polarization filter 510 or the second polarization filter 520. That is, the polarization filter with the same polarization direction as the incident image light allows a portion of the incident image light to pass through, while the other portion is blocked by the polarization filter orthogonal to the polarization direction of the incident image light. In other words, the solution of this application achieves the separation of the image light used to generate the first image and the image light used to generate the second image through two polarization filters with orthogonal polarization directions. Therefore, when the display device 500 provided by this application is applied to a 3D display system, it can more accurately control the stereoscopic views of the left and right eyes, reduce crosstalk between the left and right eye images, and improve display quality. For example, if the polarization direction of the first polarization filter 510 is the same as the direction of p-polarized light (i.e., used for transmitting p-polarized light), and the polarization direction of the second polarization filter 520 is the same as the direction of s-polarized light (i.e., used for transmitting s-polarized light), then... As shown in Figure 5(a), when the third image light is p-polarized and the fourth image light is s-polarized (which corresponds to image source 200 using Figure 2(a)), only a portion of the third image light emitted from image source 200 that is incident on the first polarization filter 510 passes through the first polarization filter 510, while the other portion of the third image light incident on the second polarization filter 520 is blocked. Similarly, only a portion of the fourth image light emitted from image source 200 that is incident on the second polarization filter 520 passes through the second polarization filter 520, while the other portion of the fourth image light incident on the first polarization filter 510 is blocked. As shown in Figure 5(b), when the diffused third image light is p-polarized and the diffused fourth image light is s-polarized (which corresponds to image source 200 using Figure 2(b)), only a portion of the diffused third image light emitted from image source 200 passes through the first polarization filter 510, while no image light passes through the second polarization filter 520. Only a portion of the diffused fourth image light emitted from image source 200 passes through the second polarization filter 520, while no image light passes through the first polarization filter 510.

[0069] It should be noted that in this application, the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 are located at the intermediate eye box or intermediate eye container position. Furthermore, the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 are arranged to occupy the left and right halves of the intermediate eye box, respectively. The intermediate eye box or intermediate eye container is a position optically conjugate to the user eye box (or the system eye box of the display system) area. The user eye box area can be understood as the range within which the user's eyes can move when viewing the image displayed by the display system. In other words, the viewer can view the image displayed by the display system from any position within the user eye box area, but cannot view the image displayed by the display system from positions outside the user eye box area. It is understandable that when the intermediate eyebox and the user eyebox are conjugate light planes, the intermediate eyebox can be understood as the user eyebox. Therefore, when the first polarization filter 510 and the second polarization filter 520 with polarization selectivity are arranged at the intermediate eyebox position, it is possible to avoid setting polarization elements at the user eyebox position. That is, when the display device 500 is used in a 3D display system, it is not necessary to set special polarization elements at the user eyebox position, such as for viewers to wear special 3D glasses. In other words, the display device 500 provided in this application helps to realize an automatic stereoscopic image display system, which can be applied to more display scenarios, thereby providing viewers with a more comfortable user experience.

[0070] It is understood that the aforementioned intermediate eye box or intermediate eye container is merely an exemplary name and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. It may also be called a conjugate eye box, equivalent user eye box, etc., which are not limited in this application.

[0071] Optionally, the display device 500 further includes a polarization conversion element 530. Specifically, when the polarization conversion element 530 is located in the light-emitting direction of the first polarization filter 510, the polarization conversion element 530 is used to convert the polarization direction of the image light (third image light or diffused third image light) from the first polarization filter 510 to a second polarization direction. When the polarization conversion element 530 is located in the light-emitting direction of the second polarization filter 520, the polarization conversion element 530 is used to convert the polarization direction of the image light (fourth image light or diffused fourth image light) from the second polarization filter 520 to a first polarization direction. It can be understood that in Figures 5(a) and (b), the polarization conversion element 530 is used to illustrate changing the image light emitted from the first polarization filter 510. In some embodiments, the polarization conversion element 530 is a half-wave plate (also called a half-wave plate). For example, as shown in Figure 5, when the image light of the first polarization filter 510 is p-polarized light, the half-wave plate can convert the third image light or diffused third image light from p-polarized light to s-polarized light. Understandably, for HUD display systems, the windshield is typically S-polarized, meaning it images using S-polarized light. Therefore, by introducing a polarization conversion element 530, such as a half-wave plate, into the display device 500, when the image light emitted from the display device is P-polarized, it can be converted into S-polarized light, which is more conducive to imaging by the HUD display system, thereby improving display quality.

[0072] When the display device 500 is applied to a HUD display system in a vehicle, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical path 1000 of the display device 500 applied to the HUD display system according to an embodiment of this application. It should be noted that in the optical path 1000, the structure of the display device 500 is shown as an example in Figure 5(a). Specifically, for the first image viewed by the human eye, the image source 200 emits a third image light to the first reflective element 21 at the first moment. The third image light is reflected sequentially by the first reflective element 21, the first polarization filter 510, and the second reflective element 23 to the windshield 1001, and then reflected by the windshield 1001 into the human eye, for example, the left eye, so that the human eye can view the first image. Similarly, for the second image viewed by the human eye, the image source 200 emits a fourth image light to the first reflective element 21 at the second moment. The fourth image light is reflected sequentially by the first reflective element 21, the second polarization filter 520, and the second reflective element 23 to the windshield 1001, and then reflected by the windshield 1001 into the human eye, for example, the right eye, so that the human eye can view the second image.

[0073] To prevent external contaminants from entering the display device 500 and causing a deterioration in display performance, or to reduce glare in the optical path 1000, the optical path 1000 may optionally include a dust cover 1002 located in the optical path between the second reflective element 23 and the windshield 1001.

[0074] In the optical path 1000 shown in Figure 6, the first reflecting element 21 and the second reflecting element 23 can be concave freeform surface mirrors or convex freeform surface mirrors, etc., which are not limited in this application.

[0075] It is understood that Figure 6 is merely an example of the optical path of a HUD display system in a vehicle provided by this application, meaning that the HUD optical path of the vehicle to which the display device protected by this application is applied is not limited to that shown in Figure 6. In some other embodiments, the HUD optical path may include only one reflective element, or the optical path of the vehicle may also include other optical elements such as reflective plates to reduce the size of the optical path, etc., which are not limited by this application.

[0076] It is also understood that the means of transportation to which this application can be applied include, but are not limited to, automobiles, airplanes, trains, or ships.

[0077] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second display device 700 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, the display device 700 includes a PGU 701, a polarization beamsplitter 703, a first polarization modulator 7041, a second polarization modulator 7042, and a first reflective element 705. The first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 are located at positions optically conjugate with the user's eye box. Specifically, the PGU 701 emits first image light at a first moment and emits second image light at a second moment; the first image corresponding to the first image light and the second image corresponding to the second image light are two adjacent frames. The polarization beamsplitter 703 transmits image light in a first polarization direction and reflects image light in a second polarization direction. The first polarization modulator 7041 generates a third image light in a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or generates a fourth image light in a second polarization direction based on the second image light. The second polarization modulator 7042 generates a fifth image light in a second polarization direction based on the first image light, or generates a sixth image light in a first polarization direction based on the second image light. The first reflective element 705 is used to reflect the third and fifth image lights to the polarization beam splitter 703 at a first moment, or to reflect the fourth and sixth image lights to the polarization beam splitter 703 at a second moment.

[0078] The working principles of the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 can be referred to the description of polarization modulator 202 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that in the display device 700 shown in Figure 7, the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 generate polarized light with mutually orthogonal polarization directions at the same time. That is, for the first image light emitted at the first moment, the polarization directions of the third and fifth image lights generated by the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 based on the first image light are mutually orthogonal; for the second image light emitted at the second moment, the polarization directions of the fourth and sixth image lights generated by the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 based on the first image light are orthogonal. Therefore, when the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 are used together with the polarization beam splitter 703, it is possible to achieve that only the image light with the second polarization direction emitted from the second polarization modulator 7042 (e.g., the fifth image light emitted from the second polarization modulator 7042) can be reflected by the polarization beam splitter 703 to generate the first image, and only the image light with the second polarization direction emitted from the first polarization modulator 7041 (e.g., the fourth image light emitted from the first polarization modulator 7041) can be reflected by the polarization beam splitter 703 to generate the second image. In other words, in the display device 700 shown in FIG. 7, the separation of the image light for generating the first image and the image light for generating the second image is achieved by selecting the image light through two polarization modulators and a polarization beam splitter with orthogonal polarization directions. Thus, when the display device 700 provided herein is applied to a 3D display system, it is possible to more accurately control the stereoscopic views of the left and right eyes, reduce crosstalk between the left and right eye images, and achieve the effect of improving display quality. For example, taking Figure 7 as an example, when the first image light and the second image light are p-polarized light, the first polarization modulator 7041 generates p-polarized light based on the first image light emitted at the first moment, and the second polarization modulator 7042 generates s-polarized light based on the first image light emitted at the first moment; the first polarization modulator 7041 generates s-polarized light based on the second image light emitted at the second moment, and the second polarization modulator 7042 generates p-polarized light based on the second image light emitted at the second moment, to illustrate the display working principle of the display device 700. Specifically, at the first moment, PGU 701 emits p-polarized light. This p-polarized light passes through polarization beam splitter 703 and then through first polarization modulator 7041. Simultaneously, it is converted into s-polarized light by second polarization modulator 7042. Subsequently, the p-polarized light emitted from first polarization modulator 7041 and the s-polarized light emitted from second polarization modulator 7042 are reflected by first reflective element 705 and then emitted from first polarization modulator 7041 and second polarization modulator 7042 to polarization beam splitter 703, respectively. Polarization beam splitter 703 reflects the s-polarized light emitted from second polarization modulator 7042, and this s-polarized light is used to generate the first image.At the second moment, PGU 701 emits p-polarized light. This p-polarized light passes through polarization beamsplitter 703 and is converted into s-polarized light by first polarization modulator 7041. Simultaneously, it passes through second polarization modulator 7042. Subsequently, the s-polarized light emitted from first polarization modulator 7041 and the p-polarized light emitted from second polarization modulator 7042 are reflected by first reflective element 705 and then emitted from first polarization modulator 7041 and second polarization modulator 7042 respectively to polarization beamsplitter 703. Polarization beamsplitter 703 reflects the s-polarized light emitted from first polarization modulator 7041, and this s-polarized light is used to generate the second image. It is understood that this description is only illustrative using p-polarized light as an example of the first and second image lights and does not limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] It is understandable that, compared to the display device 500 shown in Figure 5, in the display device 700 shown in Figure 7, by using the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042 located at the middle eye box position to occupy the left and right halves of the middle eye box respectively, it is also possible to avoid setting polarization elements at the user's eye box position. That is, when the display device 700 is used in a 3D display system, it is not necessary to set special polarization elements at the user's eye box position, so that the display device 700 provided in this application can be applied to more display scenarios, thereby providing viewers with a more comfortable user experience.

[0080] Optionally, the display device 700 further includes a diffuser screen 702, located between the PGU 701 and the polarization beam splitter 703. It is understood that when the first image light and the second image light are polarized light, the diffuser screen 702 is a polarization-maintaining diffuser screen. When the first image light and the second image light are unpolarized light, the diffuser screen 702 can be either a polarization-maintaining diffuser screen or a depolarization diffuser screen. Specifically, the diffuser screen 702 is used to diffuse the received first image light to generate diffused first image light, and to emit the diffused first image light to the polarization beam splitter 703, as well as to generate a relay image of the first image based on the received first image light. Alternatively, the diffuser screen 702 is used to diffuse the received second image light to generate diffused second image light, and to emit the diffused second image light to the polarization beam splitter 703, as well as to generate a relay image of the second image based on the second image light.

[0081] When the display device 700 is applied to a vehicle, FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the optical path 2000 of the display device 700 applied to a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. For example, the polarization beam splitter 703 is used to transmit image light with a first polarization direction and reflect image light with a second polarization direction. The first and second image lights are image light with the first polarization direction. The first polarization modulator 7041 generates image light with the first polarization direction based on the first image light emitted from the PGU 701 at a first moment. The second polarization modulator 7042 generates image light with the second polarization direction based on the first image light emitted from the PGU 701 at the first moment. The first polarization modulator 7041 generates image light with the second polarization direction based on the second image light emitted from the PGU 701 at a second moment. The second polarization modulator 7042 generates image light with the first polarization direction based on the second image light emitted from the PGU 701 at a second moment. Specifically, for the first image viewed by the human eye, PGU 701 emits first image light into diffuser screen 702 at the first moment. This first image light, after passing through diffuser screen 702, generates diffused first image light and is emitted to polarization beamsplitter 703. Polarization beamsplitter 703 transmits the diffused first image light to first polarization modulator 7041 and second polarization modulator 7042. The first polarization modulator 7041 generates a third image light with a first polarization direction, and the second polarization modulator 7042 generates a fifth image light with a second polarization direction. The third and fifth image lights are reflected by first reflector element 705 and then by second reflector element 31 back to polarization beamsplitter 703. Polarization beamsplitter 703 continues to reflect the fifth image light with the second polarization direction to third reflector element 32. This fifth image light is then reflected by third reflector element 32 and fourth reflector element 33 in sequence to windshield 2003, and then reflected by windshield 2003 into the human eye, for example, the left eye, allowing the human eye to view the first image. Similarly, for the second image viewed by the human eye, PGU 701 emits second image light towards the diffusion screen 702 at the second moment. This second image light, after passing through the diffusion screen 702, generates diffused second image light and is emitted to the polarization beamsplitter 703. The polarization beamsplitter 703 transmits the diffused second image light to the first polarization modulator 7041 and the second polarization modulator 7042. The first polarization modulator 7041 generates a fourth image light with a second polarization direction, and the second polarization modulator 7042 generates a sixth image light with a first polarization direction. The fourth and sixth image lights are reflected by the first reflector 705 and then by the second reflector 31 back to the polarization beamsplitter 703. The polarization beamsplitter 703 continues to reflect the fourth image light with the second polarization direction to the third reflector 32. This fourth image light is then reflected by the third reflector 32 and the fourth reflector 33 in sequence to the windshield 2003, and then reflected by the windshield 2003 into the human eye, for example, the right eye, allowing the human eye to view the second image.

[0082] Similarly, in order to prevent external pollutants from entering the display device 700 and causing a deterioration in the display effect, or to reduce glare in the optical path 2000, the optical path 2000 may optionally include a dust cover 2002, which is located in the optical path between the fourth reflective element 33 and the windshield 2003.

[0083] In the optical path 2000 shown in Figure 8, the second reflecting element 31, the third reflecting element 32 and the fourth reflecting element 33 can be concave freeform surface mirrors or convex freeform surface mirrors, etc., and this application does not limit them.

[0084] It is understood that Figure 8 is merely an example of the optical path of a vehicle provided in this application, and the optical path of the vehicle used in the display device protected by this application is not limited to that shown in Figure 8. In some other embodiments, the optical path of the vehicle may also include other optical elements such as reflective plates to reduce the size of the optical path.

[0085] It is also understood that the means of transportation to which this application can be applied include, but are not limited to, automobiles, airplanes, trains, or ships.

[0086] Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of this application. The display device shown in Figure 9 can be either the display device 500 or the display device 700 provided in this application. As shown in Figure 9, the circuitry of the display device mainly includes a host CPU 1201, an external memory interface 1202, an internal memory 1203, an audio module 1204, a video module 1205, a power module 1206, a wireless communication module 1207, an I / O interface 1208, a video interface 1209, a display circuit 1210, and a modulator 1212. The host CPU 1201 and its peripheral components, such as the external memory interface 1202, the internal memory 1203, the audio module 1204, the video module 1205, the power module 1206, the wireless communication module 1207, the I / O interface 1208, the video interface 1209, and the display circuit 1210, can be connected via a bus. The host CPU 1201 can be referred to as a front-end processor.

[0087] Furthermore, the circuit diagrams illustrated in the embodiments of this application do not constitute a specific limitation on the display device. In other embodiments of this application, the display device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0088] The main processor 1201 includes one or more processing units, such as an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural network processing unit (NPU). These different processing units can be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0089] The main processor 1201 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the main processor 1201 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that the main processor 1201 has just used or is recurring. If the main processor 1201 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can directly retrieve it from the memory. This avoids repeated accesses, reduces the waiting time of the main processor 1201, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0090] In some embodiments, the display device may further include multiple input / output (I / O) interfaces 1208 connected to the main processor 1201. Interfaces 1208 may include Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) interfaces, Inter-Integrated Circuit Sound (I2S) interfaces, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) interfaces, Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) interfaces, Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) interfaces, General-Purpose Input / Output (GPIO) interfaces, Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) interfaces, and / or Universal Serial Bus (USB) interfaces, etc. The aforementioned I / O interfaces 1208 can connect to devices such as mice, touchpads, keyboards, cameras, speakers, microphones, etc., and can also connect to physical buttons on the display device (e.g., volume buttons, brightness adjustment buttons, power buttons, etc.).

[0091] The external memory interface 1202 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the display device. The external memory card communicates with the main processor 1201 through the external memory interface 1202 to perform data storage functions.

[0092] Internal memory 1203 can be used to store executable program code, including instructions. Internal memory 1203 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as a call function, time setting function, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the display device (such as a phone book, world time, etc.). Furthermore, internal memory 1203 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, Universal Flash Storage (UFS), etc. The main processor 1201 executes various functional applications and data processing of the display device by running instructions stored in internal memory 1203 and / or instructions stored in memory located in the main processor 1201.

[0093] The display device can implement audio functions, such as music playback and phone calls, through the audio module 1204 and application processor.

[0094] The audio module 1204 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signals for output, and also to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 1204 can also be used for encoding and decoding audio signals, such as for playback or recording. In some embodiments, the audio module 1204 may be located in the main processor 1201, or some functional modules of the audio module 1204 may be located in the main processor 1201.

[0095] The video interface 1209 can receive externally input audio and video signals, specifically including High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), Digital Visual Interface (DVI), Video Graphics Array (VGA), and DisplayPort (DP). The video interface 1209 can also output video. When the display device is used as a head-up display, the video interface 1209 can receive speed and power signals from peripheral devices, as well as externally input AR video signals. When the display device is used as a projector, the video interface 1209 can receive video signals from an external computer or terminal device.

[0096] The video module 1205 can decode the video input from the video interface 1209, such as performing H.264 decoding. The video module 1205 can also encode video captured by the display device, such as performing H.264 encoding on video captured by an external camera. Furthermore, the main processor 1201 can also decode the video input from the video interface 1209 and then output the decoded image signal to the display circuit 1210.

[0097] The display circuit 1210 and modulator 1212 are used to display the corresponding image. In this embodiment, the video interface 1209 receives an externally input video source signal. After decoding and / or digitizing the video module 1205, it outputs one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210. The display circuit 1210 drives the modulator 1212 to image the incident polarized light according to the input image signal, and then outputs the image light. In addition, the main processor 1201 can also output one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210.

[0098] In this embodiment, the display circuit 1210 can be referred to as the driving circuit.

[0099] The power module 1206 provides power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200 based on the input power (e.g., DC power). The power module 1206 may include a rechargeable battery, which can provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200. The light emitted by the light source 1200 can be transmitted to the modulator 1212 for imaging, thereby forming an image light signal.

[0100] The wireless communication module 1207 enables the display device to communicate wirelessly with the outside world. It can provide solutions for wireless communication such as Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) (e.g., Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)), Bluetooth (BT), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Frequency Modulation (FM), Near Field Communication (NFC), and Infrared (IR). The wireless communication module 1207 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 1207 receives electromagnetic waves via an antenna, modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signal, and sends the processed signal to the main processor 1201. The wireless communication module 1207 can also receive signals to be transmitted from the main processor 1201, modulate and amplify them, and then convert them into electromagnetic waves for radiation via the antenna.

[0101] In addition, the video data decoded by the video module 1205 can be input not only through the video interface 1209, but also wirelessly received through the wireless communication module 1207 or read from external memory. For example, the display device can receive video data from the terminal device or the in-vehicle entertainment system through the vehicle's wireless local area network, and the display device can also read audio and video data stored in external memory.

[0102] The aforementioned display device can be installed on a vehicle. Please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0103] As shown in Figure 10, the functional framework of a vehicle may include various subsystems, such as the sensor system 12, control system 14, one or more peripheral devices 16 (one is shown as an example), power supply 18, computer system 20, and head-up display system 22. Optionally, the vehicle may also include other functional systems, such as an engine system that provides power to the vehicle, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0104] The sensor system 12 may include several detection devices that can sense the measured information and convert the sensed information into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to a certain rule. As shown in the figure, these detection devices may include a global positioning system (GPS), a vehicle speed sensor, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a radar unit, a laser rangefinder, a camera device, a wheel speed sensor, a steering sensor, a gear sensor, or other components used for automatic detection, etc., and this application does not limit them.

[0105] The control system 14 may include several components, such as the steering unit, braking unit, lighting system, automatic driving system, map navigation system, network time synchronization system, and obstacle avoidance system shown in the figure. Optionally, the control system 14 may also include components such as a throttle controller and an engine controller for controlling the vehicle's speed; this application is not limiting.

[0106] Peripheral device 16 may include several components, such as the communication system, touch screen, user interface, microphone, and speaker shown in the figure. The communication system is used to enable network communication between the vehicle and other devices. In practical applications, the communication system can employ wireless or wired communication technologies to achieve network communication between the vehicle and other devices. The wired communication technology can refer to communication between the vehicle and other devices via network cables or fiber optic cables.

[0107] Power source 18 represents a system that provides electricity or energy to the vehicle, which may include, but is not limited to, rechargeable lithium batteries or lead-acid batteries. In practical applications, one or more battery components in the power source are used to provide electrical energy or power for vehicle startup, and the type and materials of the power source are not limited in this application.

[0108] Several functions of the vehicle are controlled and implemented by the computer system 20. The computer system 20 may include one or more processors 2001 (the illustration shows one processor as an example) and a memory 2002 (also called a storage device). In practical applications, the memory 2002 may be located inside the computer system 20 or outside the computer system 20, for example, as a cache in the vehicle; this application does not limit this.

[0109] Processor 2001 may include one or more general-purpose processors, such as a graphics processing unit (GPU). Processor 2001 can be used to run relevant programs or instructions corresponding to programs stored in memory 2002 to implement the corresponding functions of the vehicle.

[0110] The memory 2002 may include volatile memory, such as RAM; it may also include non-volatile memory, such as ROM, flash memory, HDD, or SSD; or it may include a combination of the above types of memory. The memory 2002 can be used to store a set of program code or instructions corresponding to the program code, so that the processor 2001 can call the program code or instructions stored in the memory 2002 to implement the corresponding functions of the vehicle. In this application, the memory 2002 may store a set of program code for vehicle control. The processor 2001 can call this program code to control the safe driving of the vehicle. The specific details of how to achieve safe vehicle driving are described below in this application.

[0111] Optionally, in addition to storing program code or instructions, the memory 2002 may also store information such as road maps, driving routes, and sensor data. The computer system 20 can be integrated with other components in the vehicle functional framework diagram, such as sensors in the sensor system and GPS, to realize the vehicle's related functions. For example, the computer system 20 can control the vehicle's direction of travel or speed based on data input from the sensor system 12; this application does not impose limitations on this.

[0112] The head-up display system 22 may include several components, such as the windshield, controller, and head-up display shown in the figure. The controller 222 generates images according to user instructions (e.g., images containing vehicle status such as speed, battery / fuel levels, and augmented reality (AR) content) and sends these images to the head-up display for display. The head-up display may include an image generation unit and a reflector assembly. The windshield works in conjunction with the head-up display to establish the optical path of the head-up display system, so that the target image is presented in front of the driver. Some of the functions of the components in the head-up display system can also be implemented by other subsystems of the vehicle; for example, the controller can also be a component within the control system.

[0113] Figure 10 of this application illustrates four subsystems: sensor system 12, control system 14, computer system 20, and head-up display system 22. These are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation. In practical applications, vehicles can combine various components according to different functions to obtain subsystems with corresponding functions. In practical applications, vehicles may include more or fewer systems or components; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0114] The aforementioned vehicles may include cars, trucks, motorcycles, buses, boats, airplanes, helicopters, lawnmowers, recreational vehicles, amusement park vehicles, construction equipment, trams, golf carts, trains, and handcarts, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not impose any special limitations.

[0115] Figure 11 is a schematic functional block diagram of a mobile carrier 25 provided in an embodiment of this application. The mobile carrier 25 may include a sensing system 120, a display device 130, and a computing platform 150. The sensing system 120 may include one or more sensors for sensing information about the environment surrounding the mobile carrier 25. For example, the sensing system 120 may include a positioning system, which may be a Global Positioning System (GPS), or a BeiDou system or other positioning systems, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic radar, and one or more of a camera device.

[0116] Some or all of the functions of the mobile carrier 25 can be controlled by the computing platform 150. The computing platform 150 may include one or more processors, such as processor 151, processors 152 to 15n (n is a positive integer). A processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor may be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a CPU, microprocessor, GPU (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or DSP, etc. In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of hardware circuits. The logical relationship of the hardware circuits is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc. In addition, the computing platform 150 may also include a memory for storing instructions. Some or all of the processors 151 to 15n can call and execute the instructions in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. The display device 130 in the cockpit is a display device suitable for the embodiments of this application, such as the display device 500 in the above embodiments.

[0117] The mobile carrier in this application can include road vehicles, water vehicles, air vehicles, or entertainment equipment. For example, the mobile carrier can be a vehicle, which is a vehicle in a broad sense, and can be a means of transportation (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, trains, etc.), amusement equipment, toy vehicles, etc. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the type of vehicle. As another example, the mobile carrier can be a means of transportation such as an airplane or a ship.

[0118] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0119] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized by comprising: It includes an image generation unit, a polarization modulation module, and a filtering module, wherein the polarization modulation module or the filtering module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box, wherein, The image generation unit is used to emit a first image light at a first moment and emit a second image light at a second moment, wherein the first image corresponding to the first image light and the second image corresponding to the second image light are two adjacent frames. The polarization modulation module is used to generate at least one polarized image light based on the first image light or the second image light, and to emit the at least one polarized image light toward the filtering module; The filtering module is used to select and emit a first polarized image light, which is used to generate the first image or the second image. The first polarized image light is one of the at least one polarized image light.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The polarization modulation module includes a first polarization modulator. The first polarization modulator is used to generate a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image, wherein the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal, the third image light is used to generate the first image, and the fourth image light is used to generate the second image.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein The filtering module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The filtering module includes a first polarization filter and a second polarization filter. The polarization direction of the first polarization filter is the first polarization direction, and the polarization direction of the second polarization filter is the second polarization direction. The first polarization filter is used to transmit the third image light; The second polarization filter is used to transmit the fourth image light.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein The display device also includes a polarization conversion element. The polarization conversion element is located in the light output direction of the first polarization filter, and the polarization conversion element is used to convert the polarization direction of the third image light into the second polarization direction; or, The polarization conversion element is located in the light output direction of the second polarization filter, and the polarization conversion element is used to convert the polarization direction of the fourth image light to the first polarization direction.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein The polarization conversion element is a half-wave plate.

6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The polarization modulation module is located optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The polarization modulation module includes a first polarization modulator and a second polarization modulator. The display device also includes a first reflective element. The first polarization modulator is used to generate a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image light; The second polarization modulator is used to generate a fifth image light with a second polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a sixth image light with a first polarization direction based on the second image light; The first reflective element is used to reflect the third image light and the fifth image light to the filtering module, or to reflect the fourth image light and the sixth image light to the filtering module.

7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein The filtering module includes a polarization beam splitter, wherein... The polarization beam splitter is used to transmit image light in the first polarization direction and reflect image light in the second polarization direction.

8. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The display device further includes a diffusion screen, which is located between the image generation unit and the polarization modulation module. The diffusion screen is used to diffuse the first image light to generate diffused first image light, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the first image light; or, it is used to diffuse the second image light to generate diffused second image light, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the second image light.

9. The display device according to claim 2, wherein The display device further includes a diffusion screen, which is located between the first polarization modulator and the filtering module. Used to diffuse the third image light to generate diffused third image light, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the third image light; or, The relay image is used to diffuse the fourth image light to generate the diffused fourth image light, and to generate the second image based on the fourth image light.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein The filtering module is located at a position optically conjugate with the user's eye box. The filtering module includes a first polarization filter and a second polarization filter. The polarization direction of the first polarization filter is the first polarization direction, and the polarization direction of the second polarization filter is the second polarization direction. The first polarization filter is used to transmit the diffused third image light; The second polarization filter is used to transmit the diffused fourth image light.

11. An image source, characterized by include: Image generation unit and polarization modulator, wherein, The image generation unit is used to emit a first image light at a first moment and emit a second image light at a second moment, wherein the first image corresponding to the first image light and the second image corresponding to the second image light are two adjacent frames. The polarization modulator is used to generate a third image light with a first polarization direction based on the first image light, or to generate a fourth image light with a second polarization direction based on the second image, wherein the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal, the third image light is used to generate the first image, and the fourth image light is used to generate the second image.

12. The image source of claim 11, wherein, The image source further includes a diffusion screen, which is located between the image generation unit and the polarization modulator. The device is used to diffuse the first image light to generate diffused first image light, and to emit the diffused first image light to the polarization modulator, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the first image light; or, The device is used to diffuse the second image light to generate diffused second image light, and to emit the diffused second image light to the polarization modulator, and to generate a relay image of the second image based on the second image light; The polarization modulator is specifically used to: modulate the diffused first image light to generate the third image light, or modulate the diffused second image light to generate the fourth image light.

13. The image source of claim 11, wherein, The image source also includes a diffuser screen, which is located in the light-emitting direction of the polarization modulator. The polarization modulator is specifically used to: modulate the first image light to generate the third image light, or modulate the second image light to generate the fourth image light; The diffusion screen is used to diffuse the third image light to generate diffused third image light, and to generate a relay image of the first image based on the third image light; or, The relay image is used to diffuse the fourth image light to generate the diffused fourth image light, and to generate the second image based on the fourth image light.

14. The image source of claim 11, wherein, The first image light and the second image light are image lights with a third polarization direction, which is the same as the first polarization direction, or the third polarization direction is the same as the second polarization direction.

15. The image source according to claim 11, characterized in that, The image source is used to generate a two-dimensional 2D image, or the image source is used to generate a three-dimensional 3D image.

16. The image source of any of claims 11 to 15, wherein, The image generation unit and the polarization modulator are integrated into the same module.

17. An in-vehicle system characterized by comprising: The display device includes any one of claims 1 to 10.

18. A vehicle, characterized by Includes the display device and windshield as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or includes the vehicle system and windshield as described in claim 17. The windshield is used to reflect image light emitted from the display device to the human eye.

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