Multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system and method. The purpose of the present invention is to accurately predict battery state and improve the performance and safety of a battery by generating various indicators indicating battery characteristics as a single integrated indicator while utilizing an existing battery management system as is. The multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system according to the present invention comprises: an ESS unit including a battery; a battery management unit which measures and monitors sensing data of the ESS unit and controls at least one of charging-discharging, cell balancing, or the temperature of the ESS unit on the basis of the sensing data; a battery protection unit which calculates an integrated safety indicator by integrating characteristic values calculated for each of individual safety indicators indicating characteristics of the ESS unit, classifies the characteristic values and the integrated safety indicator into safety, warning, and danger areas, and transmits a state control message of the ESS unit to the battery management unit when the characteristic values and the integrated safety indicator reach the warning or danger area at least a preset number of times; and a cloud server which communicates with the battery management unit and the battery protection unit, sets a safety threshold value for the ESS unit, and calculates a characteristic value for each individual safety indicator at a specific time point by calculating an abuse state, a maximum safety point, and a safety threshold point at the specific time point.

Description

Multidimensional Safety Indicator-Based Battery Protection System and Method

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery protection system and method for an energy storage device, and more specifically, to a multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system and method that integrates various indicators representing the battery status of an energy storage device into a single indicator.

[0002] Energy Storage Systems (ESS) are devices that store produced energy and supply it when needed, and their importance is growing in various power systems. In particular, energy storage systems are attracting attention as an essential technology due to the expansion of renewable energy and electric vehicles.

[0003] Since energy storage devices use large-scale batteries, there is a high possibility of problems such as overheating, overcharging, and over-discharging occurring. Therefore, a Battery Management System (BMS) is essential to monitor, protect, and manage batteries in order to optimize battery performance and ensure safety.

[0004] Conventional battery management systems primarily determine the state of a battery by monitoring sensing data, including current, voltage, temperature, State of Charge (SOC), and State of Health (SOH), in real time. However, because these systems rely solely on sensor data, they face the problem of being unable to accurately predict battery status under rapid environmental changes or complex situations. Furthermore, since battery management systems are composed of low-power and low-performance hardware, there are limitations in accurately estimating SOC and SOH, and their data storage capacity and processing capabilities are restricted. Moreover, battery management systems suffer from a lack of capability to generate a single integrated indicator representing various battery characteristics or to track and respond to them in real time.

[0005] Modifications to hardware or software are essential for battery management systems to generate a single integrated metric from various indicators and accurately predict battery status under rapid environmental changes or complex situations. However, the introduction of such modified hardware or software presents limitations in that it increases operation and maintenance costs.

[0006] [Prior Art]

[0007] Published Patent Application No. 10-2021-0024962 (March 8, 2021)

[0008] Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a battery protection system and method capable of accurately predicting the battery status under rapid environmental changes or complex situations and improving battery performance and safety by generating various indicators representing battery characteristics into a single integrated indicator while utilizing the hardware or software of an existing battery management system.

[0009] To achieve the above objective, the multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system according to the present invention comprises: an ESS unit including a battery; a battery management unit that measures and monitors sensing data including at least one of current, voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH of the ESS unit, and controls at least one of charging / discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS unit based on the sensing data; a battery protection unit that calculates an integrated safety indicator by integrating characteristic values ​​calculated for each individual safety indicator representing the characteristics of the ESS unit, classifies the characteristic values ​​and the integrated safety indicator into safe, warning, and danger zones, and transmits a state control message of the ESS unit to the battery management unit when the characteristic values ​​and the integrated safety indicator reach the warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times; and a cloud server that communicates with the battery management unit and the battery protection unit, sets a safety threshold value for the ESS unit, calculates an abuse state, a maximum safety point, and a safety threshold point for each individual safety indicator at a specific point in time, and calculates the characteristic value at the specific point in time.

[0010] The individual safety indicator may include at least one of a basic safety indicator including the sensing data, a battery domain-based safety indicator calculated by analyzing the basic safety indicator, and an AI-based safety indicator calculated from an AI model that detects anomalies based on the operation data of the ESS unit in a time series form.

[0011] The above battery domain-based safety indicator may include at least one of internal DC resistance (DCIR), voltage change amount according to a constant discharge time (VIEDTD), and voltage change amount according to a constant charge time (VIECTD).

[0012] The above AI-based safety indicator can be calculated through at least one AI model among the USAD model, DeepAnT model, and AnomalyBERT model.

[0013] The above cloud server can calculate the above characteristic value using the following [Equation 1].

[0014] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0015]

[0016] : Individual safety indicators

[0017] : Safety threshold ( )

[0018] : Abuse state at t for x

[0019] : Critical safety point for x

[0020] : Maximum safety point for x

[0021] : Characteristic value at t for x ( )

[0022] The battery protection unit above can calculate the integrated safety index using the following [Equation 2].

[0023] [Mathematical Formula 2]

[0024]

[0025] : Number of individual safety indicators

[0026] : Characteristic value at t for x ( )

[0027] : Integrated safety indicator at t

[0028] The battery protection unit above, the integrated safety indicator On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0029] The above battery protection unit, the above characteristic value On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0030] A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection method according to the present invention comprises: a step in which a battery management unit measures sensing data including at least one of current, voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH of an ESS; a step in which a cloud server sets a safety threshold value of the ESS, calculates an abuse state at a specific point in time for each individual safety indicator of the ESS, and calculates a characteristic value at the specific point in time by calculating the abuse state, a maximum safety point, and a safety threshold point; a step in which a battery protection unit integrates the characteristic values ​​calculated for each individual safety indicator to calculate an integrated safety indicator for the specific point in time; a step in which the battery protection unit classifies the characteristic value and the integrated safety indicator into safe, warning, and danger zones; a step in which the battery protection unit monitors and tracks the characteristic value and the integrated safety indicator, and if the characteristic value and the integrated safety indicator reach a warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times, transmits a state control message of the ESS to the battery management unit; and a step in which the battery management unit controls at least one of charging / discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS.

[0031] The step of calculating the above characteristic value can be performed by the cloud server calculating the above characteristic value using the following [Mathematical Formula 1].

[0032] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0033]

[0034] : Individual safety indicators

[0035] : Safety threshold ( )

[0036] : Abuse state at t for x

[0037] : Critical safety point for x

[0038] : Maximum safety point for x

[0039] : Characteristic value at t for x ( )

[0040] The step of calculating the integrated safety index above may be performed by the battery protection unit to calculate the integrated safety index using the following [Equation 2].

[0041] [Mathematical Formula 2]

[0042]

[0043] : Number of individual safety indicators

[0044] : Characteristic value at t for x ( )

[0045] : Integrated safety indicator at t

[0046] The step of classifying the above characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators into safety, warning, and danger zones is as follows: the battery protection unit [classifies] the integrated safety indicators On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0047] The step of classifying the above characteristic value and integrated safety indicator into safety, warning, and danger zones is as follows: the battery protection unit [describes] the above characteristic value On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0048] The battery protection system according to the present invention can accurately monitor the condition of the battery in real time through an integrated safety indicator that integrates individual safety indicators representing the characteristics of the battery, and by detecting risk factors in advance, prevent overcharging, overheating, and thermal runaway of the battery, thereby minimizing the degradation of battery performance and extending its lifespan.

[0049] In addition, the battery protection system according to the present invention can reduce operation and maintenance costs by utilizing edge cloud infrastructure to calculate integrated safety indicators without modifying the existing battery management system.

[0050] In addition, the battery protection system according to the present invention can analyze large volumes of data in real time during power peak situations where energy consumption surges by utilizing a flexibly scalable edge cloud infrastructure.

[0051] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a battery protection system according to an embodiment.

[0052] FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an example of a battery protection system according to an embodiment.

[0053] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a battery protection method according to an embodiment.

[0054] The present invention proceeds with the filing of an application with the support of the problem described in [Table 1].

[0055] Project No. 2710007093 Ministry Name: Ministry of Science and ICT Project Management Agency: Korea Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation Research Project Name: Development of Core Technologies for the SW Computing Industry Research Project Title: Development of an Intelligent SW Framework for Safe Autonomous Operation and Performance Evaluation of Large-Scale Distributed Energy Storage Infrastructure Executing Agency Name: Korea Electronics Technology Institute Research Period: April 1, 2021 – December 31, 2025

[0056] It should be noted that in the following description, only the parts necessary for understanding the embodiments of the present invention are explained, and the description of other parts will be omitted to the extent that it does not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

[0057] The terms and words used in the specification and claims described below should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the terms to best describe his invention. Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and do not represent all aspects of the technical spirit of the invention; therefore, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications capable of replacing them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0058] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0059] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a battery protection system according to an embodiment.

[0060] Referring to FIG. 1, a battery protection system (100) according to an embodiment includes an Energy Storage System (ESS) unit (10) including a battery (11), a battery management unit (20) that measures and monitors sensing data of the ESS unit (10) and controls the ESS unit (10) based on the sensing data, a battery protection unit (30) that calculates an integrated safety index by integrating characteristic values ​​calculated for each individual safety index representing the characteristics of the ESS unit (10), classifies the integrated safety index into safety, warning, and danger zones, and transmits a state control message of the ESS unit (10) to the battery management unit (20) when the integrated safety index reaches the warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times, and a cloud server (40) that sets a safety threshold for the ESS unit (10), calculates an abuse state, a maximum safety point, and a safety threshold point at a specific point in time for each individual safety index, and calculates characteristic values ​​at a specific point in time.

[0061] Hereinafter, the configuration of the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment will be described in more detail.

[0062] The ESS unit (10) is a device for storing energy and may include a battery (11) and a power converter (13). The battery (11) may include at least one of a lithium-ion battery, a lead-acid battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, and a solid oxide battery, and preferably may be a lithium-ion battery. For example, the battery (11) may include a battery rack with a 12S60P structure in which 60 cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells are arranged in parallel to form a core, 12 cores are connected in series to form a tray, and 17 trays are formed.

[0063] The power stored in the battery (11) is generally stored in the form of direct current (DC). However, the power used in homes, industries, etc. is mainly in the form of alternating current (AC). Therefore, the ESS unit (10) may include a power conversion device (13) that converts direct current into alternating current when supplying power to the outside, or converts alternating current into direct current when storing alternating current power from the outside in the battery (11).

[0064] The battery management unit (20) is intended to optimize the performance of the battery (11) and manage it safely. Specifically, the battery management unit (20) can measure and monitor in real time sensing data including at least one of the current, voltage, temperature, SOC (State of Charge), and SOH (State of Health) of the ESS unit (10). Additionally, the battery management unit (20) can control at least one of the charging / discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS unit (10) based on this sensing data.

[0065] Generally, the battery management unit (20) relies solely on sensing data obtained through sensors, so there is a problem in that it is difficult to accurately predict the battery status in rapid environmental changes or complex situations. Furthermore, since the battery management unit (20) is composed of low-power and low-performance hardware, there are limitations in accurately estimating SOC and SOH, and the data storage capacity and processing capability are limited. In addition, the battery management unit (20) has a problem in that it lacks the ability to generate various indicators into a single integrated indicator or to track and respond to them in real time. In order for the battery management unit (20) to generate various indicators into a single integrated indicator and accurately predict the battery status in rapid environmental changes or complex situations, changes to the hardware or software are essential, which may increase operation and maintenance costs.

[0066] The battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can reduce operation and maintenance costs by utilizing edge cloud infrastructure to calculate integrated safety indicators without changing the existing battery management system.

[0067] In addition, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can analyze large amounts of data in real time during power peak situations where energy usage increases rapidly by utilizing a flexible, scalable edge cloud infrastructure.

[0068] For example, the battery protection unit (30) is implemented as an edge device and can communicate with the cloud server (40) at the edge, and can communicate with the battery management unit (20) via the Modbus TCP protocol to calculate the integrated safety indicator without changing the existing battery management unit (20).

[0069] Specifically, the cloud server (40) can calculate characteristic values ​​at a specific point in time for each individual safety indicator representing the characteristics of the ESS unit (10) based on data received from the battery protection unit (30).

[0070] Here, the individual safety indicator may include at least one of a basic safety indicator including sensing data, a battery domain-based safety indicator calculated by analyzing the basic safety indicator, and an AI-based safety indicator calculated from an AI model that detects anomalies based on the operation data of the ESS unit (10) in a time series form.

[0071] Specifically, the basic safety indicator may include sensing data including at least one of the current, voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH of the ESS unit (10) measured by the battery protection unit (30).

[0072] The battery domain-based safety indicator is an indicator calculated by analyzing basic safety indicators and may include at least one of internal DC resistance (DCIR), voltage change amount according to a certain discharge time (VIEDTD), and voltage change amount according to a certain charging time (VIECTD). The internal DC resistance can estimate the state imbalance of the battery sector by measuring the change in internal resistance during charging and discharging after a rest period in the ESS unit (10). The voltage change amount according to a certain discharge time and the voltage change amount according to a certain charging time can estimate the aging, overcharging / over-discharging, and thermal runaway of the ESS unit (10) by measuring the voltage change over a certain charging and discharging time.

[0073] AI-based safety indicators can be calculated through at least one AI model among the USAD model, DeepAnT model, and AnomalyBERT model. The USAD model detects pattern anomalies in the operational data of the ESS unit (10) through an AutoEncoder model, and the DeepAnT model can detect single data anomalies in the operational data of the ESS unit (10) through a CNN model. The AnomalyBERT model can detect anomalies in time-series data by randomly synthesizing anomalies including Uniform Replacement, Soft Replacement, and Peak Noise based on the operational data of the ESS unit (10) based on a Transformer architecture.

[0074] Additionally, depending on the characteristics and purpose of use of the ESS unit (10), the individual safety indicator may further include a safety indicator based on the hardware of the battery management unit (20) or a safety indicator based on the electric vehicle battery.

[0075] The cloud server (40) can calculate characteristic values ​​for individual safety indicators based on the premise that the safety of the battery is inversely proportional to abuse conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, aging, low temperature, overheating, internal short circuit, and normal charging / discharging after overcharging / over-discharging.

[0076] Specifically, the cloud server (40) can calculate the characteristic value using the following [Equation 1].

[0077]

[0078] Here represents specific individual safety indicators, and represents a safety threshold. The safety threshold represents the relative battery capacity when the end-of-life (EOL) point is reached based on the battery's initial lifespan (BOL), i.e., the threshold value of the battery's safety. Generally, since the end-of-life point of a battery is considered to be when it reaches 80% of the capacity at the start-of-life point, the cloud server (40) can set the safety threshold to 0.8. However, the safety threshold is not limited to this, and the cloud server (40) may set the safety threshold by considering the battery's characteristics, the purpose of use of the battery, and the battery's usage conditions. You can select from the range of.

[0079] is the abuse state at a specific time point (t) for individual safety indicator x, and can represent the value of the individual safety indicator at a specific time point (t). is the maximum safety point for the individual safety indicator x, and can represent the value of the individual safety indicator when the battery status is 100% safe, and is the critical safety point for individual safety indicator x, where the battery state is the safety threshold value The value of the individual safety indicator can be represented when. and The value may be a value set through experimentation, or a value estimated through simulation in the battery protection unit (30).

[0080] is a characteristic value of an individual safety indicator x at a specific time point (t), indicating how safe or dangerous the individual safety indicator is at a specific time point (t). It can be represented as a range of. In this case, The closer it is to 1, the safer the battery is, and the closer it is to 0, the more dangerous the battery is.

[0081] For example, in previously conducted overcurrent tests on the battery, the battery can discharge at 20C without safety issues, but when discharged above 30C, the cloud server heats up to a high temperature. If you set it to =0.8, = 20, =30. The cloud server (40) assigns these values. It can generate. At this time, the generated It can be applied in the range where the current is 20C or more at a specific time point (t), and can represent 1 when the current is less than 20C.

[0082] The battery protection unit (30) can calculate an integrated safety indicator by integrating the characteristic values ​​for each individual safety indicator calculated by the cloud server (40).

[0083] Specifically, the battery protection unit (30) can calculate the integrated safety index using the following [Equation 2].

[0084]

[0085] Here Indicates the number of individual safety indicators, is the characteristic value at a specific time (t) for the individual safety index x, represents the integrated safety indicator at a specific time (t).

[0086] That is, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can accurately monitor the condition of the battery in real time through an integrated safety indicator that integrates individual safety indicators representing the characteristics of the battery, and by detecting risk factors in advance, prevent overcharging, overheating, and thermal runaway of the battery, thereby minimizing the degradation of the battery's performance and extending its lifespan.

[0087] The battery protection unit (30) can classify the integrated safety indicators into safety, warning, and danger areas. Specifically, the battery protection unit (30) can classify the integrated safety indicators On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0088] Specifically, If this, the characteristic value of all individual safety indicators is 1, indicating that the battery is completely safe, and If so, the characteristic value of a single individual safety indicator It indicates that the remaining characteristic values ​​excluding this are 1. Also, If so, the characteristic values ​​of all individual safety indicators Indicates that it is, If so, the characteristic values ​​of all individual safety indicators It represents something smaller.

[0089] The battery protection unit (30) includes not only the integrated safety indicator but also the characteristic values ​​of the individual safety indicators. On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0090] The battery protection unit (30) monitors and tracks characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators, and when the characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators reach a warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times, it can send a state control message to the battery management unit (20) to control at least one of the charging / discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS unit (10).

[0091] FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an example of a battery protection system according to an embodiment.

[0092] As shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment may normalize the characteristic values ​​of individual safety indicators, including overvoltage, overtemp, USAD, VIET, DCIR, DeepAnT, SOH, and anomaly score calculated from the AnomalyBERT model, to values ​​between 0 and 1. Additionally, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment may classify the characteristic values ​​of individual safety indicators into safe, warning, and danger zones. In particular, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment may calculate an integrated safety indicator by selecting some or all of the characteristic values ​​of a plurality of individual safety indicators.

[0093] The battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can monitor and track the characteristic values ​​of selected individual safety indicators. For example, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can monitor the characteristic values ​​of USAD, DeepAnT, SOH, and Anomaly Score as shown in FIG. 2c, and if the characteristic value of each individual safety indicator corresponds to a warning or danger area, it can transmit a battery state control message to the battery management unit. At the same time, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can monitor the characteristic values ​​of overvoltage, overtemp, VIET, and DCIR as shown in FIG. 2d.

[0094] In addition, the battery protection system (100) according to the embodiment can monitor and track the characteristic value of the individual safety indicator monitored in FIG. 2c as shown in FIG. 2e, and the characteristic value of the individual safety indicator monitored in FIG. 2d as the second integrated safety indicator.

[0095] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a battery protection method according to an embodiment.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 3, the battery protection method according to the embodiment first measures sensing data including at least one of the current, voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH of the ESS in step S10.

[0097] Next, in step S20, the cloud server sets the safety threshold of the ESS, calculates the abuse state at a specific point in time for each individual safety indicator of the ESS, and calculates the abuse state, maximum safety point, and safety threshold point to calculate the characteristic value at a specific point in time.

[0098] Specifically, the cloud server can calculate the characteristic value using the following [Equation 1].

[0099] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0100]

[0101] Here represents specific individual safety indicators, and represents the safety threshold. Preferably, the cloud server can set the safety threshold to 0.8. is the abuse state at a specific time point (t) for individual safety indicator x, and can represent the value of the individual safety indicator at a specific time point (t). is the maximum safety point for the individual safety indicator x, and can represent the value of the individual safety indicator when the battery status is 100% safe, and is the critical safety point for individual safety indicator x, where the battery state is the safety threshold value The value of the individual safety indicator can be represented when. and This value may be a value set through experimentation, or a value estimated through simulation in the battery protection unit.

[0102] is a characteristic value of an individual safety indicator x at a specific time point (t), indicating how safe or dangerous the individual safety indicator is at a specific time point (t). It can be represented as a range of.

[0103] Next, in step S30, the battery protection unit integrates the characteristic values ​​calculated for each individual safety indicator to calculate an integrated safety indicator for a specific point in time.

[0104] Specifically, the battery protection unit can calculate the integrated safety index using the following [Equation 2].

[0105] [Mathematical Formula 2]

[0106]

[0107] Here Indicates the number of individual safety indicators, is the characteristic value at a specific time (t) for the individual safety index x, represents the integrated safety indicator at a specific time (t).

[0108] In other words, since the integrated safety index is calculated as the product of the characteristic values ​​of all individual safety indicators, various individual safety indicators can be integrated into a single value to represent the safety status of the battery.

[0109] Next, in step S40, the battery protection unit classifies characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators into safety, warning, and danger zones.

[0110] The Battery Protection Department can classify integrated safety indicators into safety, warning, and danger areas. Specifically, the Battery Protection Department's integrated safety indicators are On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0111] The battery protection unit includes not only the integrated safety indicators but also the characteristic values ​​of individual safety indicators. On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and If so, it can be classified as a risk area.

[0112] Next, in step S50, the battery protection unit monitors and tracks characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators, and if the characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators reach a warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times, it transmits a state control message of the ESS to the battery management unit.

[0113] Finally, in step S60, the battery management unit controls at least one of the charging and discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS.

[0114] Meanwhile, the embodiments disclosed in this specification and drawings are merely specific examples provided to aid understanding and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations based on the technical concept of the invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0115] [Explanation of Drawing Symbols]

[0116] 100: Battery protection system

[0117] 10 : ESS Department

[0118] 11 : Battery

[0119] 13 : Power converter

[0120] 20 : Battery Management Department

[0121] 30: Battery protection section

[0122] 40 : Cloud Server

Claims

1. ESS unit including a battery; A battery management unit that measures and monitors sensing data including at least one of current, voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH of the ESS unit, and controls at least one of charging / discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS unit based on the sensing data; A battery protection unit that calculates an integrated safety index by integrating characteristic values ​​calculated for each individual safety index representing the characteristics of the ESS unit, classifies the characteristic values ​​and the integrated safety index into safety, warning, and danger zones, and transmits a state control message of the ESS unit to the battery management unit when the characteristic values ​​and the integrated safety index reach the warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times; and A cloud server that communicates with the battery management unit and the battery protection unit, sets a safety threshold value for the ESS unit, calculates the abuse state, maximum safety point, and safety threshold point at a specific point in time for each individual safety indicator, and calculates the characteristic value at the specific point in time; A multifaceted safety indicator-based battery protection system including 2. In Paragraph 1, The above individual safety indicators are, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized by including at least one of a basic safety indicator including the above-mentioned sensing data, a battery domain-based safety indicator calculated by analyzing the above-mentioned basic safety indicator, and an AI-based safety indicator calculated from an AI model that detects anomalies based on the operation data of the above-mentioned ESS unit in a time series form.

3. In Paragraph 2, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized in that the above battery domain-based safety indicator includes at least one of internal DC resistance (DCIR), voltage change amount according to a constant discharge time (VIEDTD), and voltage change amount according to a constant charge time (VIECTD).

4. In Paragraph 2, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized in that the above AI-based safety indicator is calculated through at least one AI model among the USAD model, the DeepAnT model, and the AnomalyBERT model.

5. In Paragraph 2, The above cloud server is, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized by calculating the above characteristic value using the following [Mathematical Formula 1]. [Mathematical Formula 1] : Individual safety indicators : Safety threshold ( ) : Abuse state at t for x : Critical safety point for x : Maximum safety point for x : Characteristic value at t for x ( ) 6. In Paragraph 5, The above battery protection unit is, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized by calculating the above integrated safety indicator using the following [Mathematical Formula 2]. [Mathematical Formula 2] : Number of individual safety indicators : Characteristic value at t for x ( ) : Integrated safety indicator at t 7. In Paragraph 6, The above battery protection unit is, The above integrated safety indicators On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized by classifying the hidden side as a risk area.

8. In Paragraph 6, The above battery protection unit is, The above characteristic value On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection system characterized by classifying the hidden side as a risk area.

9. A step in which the battery management unit measures sensing data including at least one of the current, voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH of the ESS; A step in which a cloud server sets a safety threshold of the ESS, calculates an abuse state at a specific point in time for each individual safety indicator of the ESS, and calculates the abuse state, maximum safety point, and safety threshold point to calculate a characteristic value at the specific point in time; A step in which the battery protection unit integrates the characteristic values ​​calculated for each of the individual safety indicators to calculate an integrated safety indicator for the specific point in time; A step in which the battery protection unit classifies the characteristic value and integrated safety indicator into safe, warning, and danger zones; A step in which the battery protection unit monitors and tracks the characteristic value and integrated safety indicator, and when the characteristic value and integrated safety indicator reach a warning or danger zone more than a preset number of times, transmits a status control message of the ESS to the battery management unit; and A step in which the battery management unit controls at least one of charging / discharging, cell balancing, and temperature of the ESS; A battery protection method based on multifaceted safety indicators including 10. In Paragraph 9, The step of calculating the above characteristic value is, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection method characterized by the cloud server calculating the characteristic value using the following [Mathematical Formula 1]. [Mathematical Formula 1] : Individual safety indicators : Safety threshold ( ) : Abuse state at t for x : Critical safety point for x : Maximum safety point for x : Characteristic value at t for x ( ) 11. In Paragraph 10, The step of calculating the above integrated safety indicator is, A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection method characterized by the battery protection unit calculating the integrated safety indicator using the following [Mathematical Formula 2]. [Mathematical Formula 2] : Number of individual safety indicators : Characteristic value at t for x ( ) : Integrated safety indicator at t 12. In Paragraph 11, The step of classifying the above characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators into safety, warning, and danger zones is, The above battery protection unit [regarding] the above integrated safety indicator On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection method characterized by classifying the side as a risk area.

13. In Paragraph 11, The step of classifying the above characteristic values ​​and integrated safety indicators into safety, warning, and danger zones is, The above battery protection unit has the above characteristic value On the other hand, safe area, On the other hand, the warning area, and A multi-faceted safety indicator-based battery protection method characterized by classifying the side as a risk area.

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