Piston rod for piston hammer and piston hammer

Abstract

The present invention provides a piston rod for a piston hammer and a piston hammer. The piston rod for a piston hammer comprises a piston main body section and a piston guide section which are fixedly connected, and a striking hammer head arranged at a lower end of the piston rod. The piston main body section and / or the piston guide section is a polyhedral rod. An outer contact plane or an outer contact approximate plane is provided on the side of the outer wall of the polyhedral rod towards which the piston rod deflects at least during striking, so that the piston rod makes surface contact with the inner wall of a piston cylinder body and / or a guide sleeve of the piston hammer at least at the outer contact plane or the outer contact approximate plane, increasing the contact area between the side of the polyhedral rod towards which the piston rod deflects during striking and the piston cylinder body and / or the guide sleeve, thus reducing the pressure per unit area at that position, thereby making it difficult for a hydraulic oil film at that position to be squeezed away by an inclined striking force, ensuring lubrication at that position, greatly reducing metal friction at that position, avoiding wear on the outer wall of the piston rod and the inner wall of the piston cylinder body and / or the guide sleeve, preventing cylinder scoring, and making the hydraulic piston hammer durable.

Description

A piston rod and piston hammer for a piston hammer Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing machinery technology, and in particular to a piston rod for a piston hammer, and a piston hammer equipped with the piston rod. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, crushing equipment is installed at the end of excavators to perform crushing operations on roads, buildings, mines, etc. Typically, the crushing equipment uses a piston hammer to strike a chisel rod, which in turn strikes the road surface, building structure, and mine rock. The piston hammer mainly consists of a central cylinder with an elongated through-hole and a piston rod that can move up and down within the central cylinder. The central cylinder is a rectangular iron block, and the piston rod is a cylindrical iron bar. Under the combined action of hydraulic oil and nitrogen, the piston rod moves rapidly up and down within the central cylinder, striking the chisel rod downwards to perform the crushing operation. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN114622615A discloses an impact-rotary crusher.

[0003] However, a major technical defect in current hydraulic piston hammers remains unresolved: cylinder scoring occurs between the piston rod and the cylinder body. This problem has existed for decades since the invention of hydraulic piston hammers. Specifically, when the piston rod strikes the chisel, a biased striking force occurs. This biased force causes the outer wall of the piston rod to strike the inner wall of the cylinder body. Since both the outer circumference of the piston rod and the inner bore of the cylinder body are circular, the contact area between them at this biased point is extremely small, resulting in very high pressure per unit area. Consequently, the combined effect of the biased striking force and the vertical movement of the piston rod easily dissipates the hydraulic oil film at this biased point, causing metal-to-metal friction between the outer wall of the piston rod and the inner wall of the cylinder body. This leads to wear on both the outer wall of the piston rod and the inner wall of the cylinder body at this point. After a period of operation, at the point where the piston rod is biased towards the cylinder, the outer diameter of the piston rod decreases due to wear, while the diameter of the inner bore of the cylinder increases due to wear. This further reduces the contact area between the outer wall of the piston rod and the inner wall of the cylinder, making it extremely small and increasing the pressure per unit area at that point. Ultimately, under the combined action of this extremely small contact area, the biased impact force, and the reciprocating motion force, metal friction transforms into metal abrasion. Both the outer wall of the piston rod and the inner wall of the cylinder suffer severe wear, changing from a smooth mirror surface to a rough surface, resulting in cylinder scoring. Once cylinder scoring occurs, the iron filings detached from the wear mix with the hydraulic oil and circulate within the hydraulic system of the hydraulic piston hammer, accelerating the scoring process and ultimately causing the hydraulic piston hammer to malfunction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a piston rod for a piston hammer that effectively avoids cylinder scoring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a piston rod for a piston hammer, comprising a piston body section and a piston guide section fixedly connected together, and a striking hammer head disposed at the lower end of the piston rod. The piston body section and / or the piston guide section are polyhedral rods, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod has an outer contact plane or an outer contact approximate plane on at least one side that is biased when the piston rod is struck, so that the piston rod is in surface contact with the inner wall of the piston cylinder and / or the guide sleeve of the piston hammer at least at the outer contact plane or the outer contact approximate plane.

[0006] Furthermore, the piston guide section includes an upper guide rod and a lower guide rod fixedly disposed at the upper and lower ends of the piston body section along the piston rod axial direction, respectively, and the hammer head is fixed at the lower end of the lower guide rod. At least one of the piston body section, the upper guide rod, and the lower guide rod is the polyhedral rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod is polygonal, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod includes multiple planes connected end to end, one of which constitutes the outer contact plane.

[0008] Furthermore, the polyhedral rod has a rounded or chamfered surface at the connection point of the two connected planes.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod is approximately polygonal, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod includes multiple approximately planes connected end to end, one of which constitutes the outer contact approximately plane.

[0010] Furthermore, the polyhedral rod has a rounded or chamfered surface at the junction of two connected approximate planes.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod is irregular;

[0012] When one of the outer contact planes or external contact approximate planes is provided, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod is provided with a connecting arc surface between the two ends of the outer contact plane or external contact approximate plane;

[0013] When there are multiple outer contact planes or external contact approximate planes, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod has a connecting arc surface between two adjacent outer contact planes or between two adjacent external contact approximate planes.

[0014] Furthermore, the polyhedral rod has a chamfered or rounded surface at the connection between the outer contact plane and the connecting arc surface, or at the connection between the outer contact approximate plane and the connecting arc surface.

[0015] The present invention also provides a piston hammer, comprising a piston cylinder, a guide sleeve, and a piston rod as described above. The piston cylinder has an inner support hole that extends vertically. The guide sleeve is fixed in the inner support hole and has a guide hole that extends vertically. The piston body is movably mounted in the inner support hole of the piston cylinder. The piston guide section is movably mounted in the guide hole of the guide sleeve. The piston cylinder has an inner contact plane or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the inner support hole, and / or the guide sleeve has an inner contact plane or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the guide hole. The inner contact plane or inner contact approximate plane is adapted to the outer contact plane or outer contact approximate plane of the piston rod, and the two are in surface contact.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide sleeve is integrally formed on the wall surface of the inner support hole of the piston cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide sleeve is a component independent of the piston cylinder.

[0018] The present invention provides a guide sleeve for guiding and engaging with the piston rod as described above. The guide sleeve has a guide hole that extends vertically. The piston guide section of the piston rod is the polyhedral rod and is movably mounted in the guide hole of the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve has an inner contact plane or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the guide hole. The inner contact plane or inner contact approximate plane of the guide sleeve is in surface contact with the outer contact plane or outer contact approximate plane of the piston rod.

[0019] As described above, the piston rod and piston hammer for a piston hammer of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] At least one section of the piston rod in this application is a polyhedral rod that mates with the piston cylinder. The outer wall of the polyhedral rod has an outer contact plane or an approximate outer contact plane, and the outer contact plane or approximate outer contact plane is located on the side to which the piston rod is biased during impact. Thus, under the combined action of the biased impact force and the up-and-down movement, the piston rod makes surface contact with the inner wall of the piston cylinder and / or guide sleeve of the piston hammer at its outer contact plane or approximate outer contact plane. This increases the contact area between the piston rod and the piston cylinder and / or guide sleeve on the biased side during impact, thereby reducing the pressure per unit area at that point. This makes it less likely for the hydraulic oil film at that point to be squeezed away by the biased impact force, ensuring lubrication at that point, significantly reducing metal friction at that point, and avoiding wear on the outer wall of the piston rod and the inner wall of the piston cylinder and / or guide sleeve. This effectively prevents cylinder scoring and ultimately ensures the long-term normal operation of the hydraulic piston hammer, making the hydraulic piston hammer durable. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the piston hammer of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the piston rod in Figure 1.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the piston cylinder in Figure 1.

[0024] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of the engagement between the piston rod and the piston cylinder and / or guide sleeve on the side to which it deflects during impact in this application.

[0025] Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of the engagement between the piston rod and the piston cylinder and / or guide sleeve on one side when the piston rod is struck in the prior art.

[0026] Figures 5a to 5e show different embodiments of the piston rod in this application, and the figures are front views.

[0027] Figures 6a to 6o show different embodiments of the polyhedral rod in this application, and these figures are top views.

[0028] Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 2.

[0029] Component Numbering Explanation: 10 Piston Rod; 101 Piston Body Section; 102 Hammer Head; 103 Upper Guide Rod; 104 Lower Guide Rod; 20 Polyhedral Rod; 21 Outer Contact Plane; 22 Approximate Outer Contact Plane; 23 Rounded Surface; 24 Chamfered Surface; 25 Connecting Rounded Surface; 30 Piston Cylinder; 31 Inner Support Hole; 32 Outer Contact Plane; 33 Upper Cylinder Outlet; 34 Lower Cylinder Outlet; 35 Sealing Area; 40 Guide Sleeve; 41 Guide Hole; 42 Upper Guide Sleeve; 43 Lower Guide Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0031] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and objectives of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0032] It should also be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may be connected to an intermediary component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component through an intermediary component.

[0033] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0034] This application provides a piston rod 10 and a piston hammer equipped with the piston rod 10, the piston hammer being a hydraulic piston hammer.

[0035] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the piston hammer involved in this application includes a piston rod 10 extending vertically, a piston cylinder 30, and a guide sleeve 40. The piston rod 10 includes a piston body section 101 and a piston guide section fixedly connected together, and a striking hammer head 102 located at the lower end of the piston rod 10. The striking hammer head 102 is used to engage with a chisel for striking. The piston cylinder 30 has a vertically penetrating inner support hole 31. The upper opening of the inner support hole 31 is the upper outlet 33 of the cylinder, and the lower opening of the inner support hole 31 is the lower outlet 34 of the cylinder. The guide sleeve 40 is fixed in the inner support hole 31, and the guide sleeve 40 has a vertically penetrating guide hole 41. The piston body section 101 is movably mounted in the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30, and the two have the same cross-sectional shape. There is a gap between the piston body section 101 and the hole wall of the inner support hole 31. The piston guide section is movably mounted in the guide hole 41 of the guide sleeve 40, and the two have the same cross-sectional shape.

[0036] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the piston body section 101, or piston guide section, or piston body section 101 and piston guide section of piston rod 10 is a polyhedral rod 20. The polyhedral rod 20 has a polyhedral outer wall, that is, at least on the side to which the piston rod 10 is deflected when struck, an outer contact plane 21 or an outer contact approximate plane 22 is provided on the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20. At the same time, as shown in Figure 7, the inner wall surface of the piston cylinder 30 and / or guide sleeve 40 that cooperate with the polyhedral rod 20 is adapted to the polyhedral outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20. In this application, "adapted" means having the same shape. Therefore, the piston cylinder 30 has an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the inner support hole 31, and / or the guide sleeve 40 has an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the guide hole 41. The inner contact plane 32 or inner contact approximate plane on the piston cylinder 30 and / or guide sleeve 40 is adapted to the outer contact plane 21 or outer contact approximate plane 22 of the piston rod 10. In this application, both the inner contact plane 32 and the outer contact plane 21 refer to straight, extending planes, while both the inner contact approximate plane and the outer contact approximate plane 22 refer to arc surfaces with a relatively large outer diameter that are close to a plane. Furthermore, the large arc surface constituting the outer contact approximate plane 22 can be either concave or convex.

[0037] For example, when the piston rod 10 is struck, it deflects forward. Therefore, at least the front outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 is the outer contact plane 21 or an approximate outer contact plane 22, and the front wall of the inner support hole 31 and / or the front wall of the guide hole 41, which mates with the polyhedral rod 20, is the inner contact plane 32 or an approximate inner contact plane. Thus, under the combined action of the deflected striking force and the up-and-down movement, the piston rod 10 approaches the wall of the inner support hole 31 and the wall of the guide hole 41 along the direction of the deflected striking force. This point happens to be the surface contact area between the outer contact plane 21 or an approximate outer contact plane 22 of the piston rod 10 and the inner contact plane 32 or an approximate inner contact plane of the piston cylinder 30 and / or the guide sleeve 40. In other words, during operation, the piston rod 10 is in surface contact with the inner wall of the piston cylinder 30 and / or the guide sleeve 40 of the piston hammer at least at the outer contact plane 21 or an approximate outer contact plane 22. With this configuration, at the side of the piston rod 10 biased towards the cylinder body, the surface contact structure of this application shown in Figure 4a, compared to the prior art line contact structure shown in Figure 4b, effectively increases the contact area between the side of the piston rod 10 biased towards the cylinder body and the piston cylinder 30 and / or guide sleeve 40 during impact, increasing the original contact area to over 500%. This significantly reduces the unit area pressure at that point, making it less likely for the hydraulic oil film to be squeezed away by the biased impact force, ensuring lubrication at that point, greatly reducing metal friction, and preventing wear on the outer wall of the piston rod 10 and the inner wall of the piston cylinder 30 and / or guide sleeve 40. This effectively prevents cylinder scoring and ultimately ensures the long-term normal operation of the hydraulic piston hammer, making the hydraulic piston hammer durable.

[0038] Furthermore, the piston guide section includes an upper guide rod 103 and a lower guide rod 104 fixedly disposed at the upper and lower ends of the piston body section 101 along the axial direction of the piston rod 10, respectively, and the hammer head 102 is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the lower guide rod 104. Based on this, there are two guide areas in the piston cylinder 30, or in other words, there are two guide sleeves 40, namely an upper guide sleeve 42 that guides and cooperates with the upper guide rod 103, and a lower guide sleeve 43 that guides and cooperates with the lower guide rod 104. Preferably, the guide sleeve 40 is integrally formed on the hole wall surface of the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30. Alternatively, the guide sleeve 40 is a component independent of the piston cylinder 30, in which case the guide sleeve 40 can be detachably and fixedly installed in the piston cylinder 30. In the piston cylinder 30 shown in Figure 3, the upper guide sleeve 42 is a component independent of the piston cylinder 30, and the lower guide sleeve 43 is integrally formed on the hole wall surface of the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30. In addition, a sealing area 35 is provided at the lower end of the piston cylinder 30, which is in sealing cooperation with the lower guide rod 104 of the piston rod 10.

[0039] Based on the fact that the upper guide sleeve 42 is an independent component, and when the upper guide sleeve 42 cooperates with the upper guide rod 103 of the polyhedral rod 20, this application provides another guide sleeve 40. The guide sleeve 40 and the polyhedral rod 20 constituting the upper guide rod 103 in the piston rod 10 are guided and cooperated. The guide sleeve 40 has a guide hole 41 that runs vertically through it. The guide sleeve 40 has an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane on the wall surface of the guide hole 41. The inner contact plane 32 or the inner contact approximate plane of the guide sleeve 40 is in surface contact with the outer contact plane 21 or the outer contact approximate plane 22 of the piston rod 10. The shape of the outer wall of the upper guide sleeve 42 is adapted to the shape of the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 at its fixing point. For example, they can both be circular, or both have at least a section of plane or approximate plane. The shape of the inner wall of the upper guide sleeve 42 is adapted to the shape of the upper guide rod 103. Both have at least a section of plane or approximate plane.

[0040] Preferably, the piston rod 10 is an integral component. The upper guide rod 103 and the lower guide rod 104 are both machined by turning. The outer diameters of the upper guide rod 103 and the lower guide rod 104 are smaller than the outer diameter of the piston body section 101. The upper guide rod 103 extends integrally upward from the upper end of the piston body section 101, and the lower guide rod 104 extends integrally downward from the lower end of the piston body section 101.

[0041] Furthermore, in the piston rod 10, at least one of the piston body section 101, the upper guide rod 103, and the lower guide rod 104 is a polyhedral rod 20. Based on the different arrangements of the polyhedral rod 20 in the piston rod 10, the piston rod 10 can have multiple embodiments, which in turn allows for multiple embodiments of the piston hammer. The following provides multiple embodiments of the piston rod 10 and the piston hammer, and all of the following embodiments of the piston hammer employ a structure where the upper guide sleeve 42 is a separate component and the lower guide sleeve 43 is integrally formed within the piston cylinder 30.

[0042] In Embodiment 1 of the piston rod 10 and piston hammer, as shown in Figure 5a, the upper guide rod 103 and the piston body section 101 of the piston rod 10 are both cylindrical rods, and the lower guide rod 104 of the piston rod 10 is a polyhedral rod 20. Therefore, the three sections of the piston rod 10 from top to bottom are, in sequence, a cylindrical rod, a cylindrical rod, and a polyhedral rod 20. Thus, the inner wall surface of the lower guide sleeve 43 is adapted to the outer wall surface of the polyhedral rod 20, meaning that the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 has an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane at the lower guide sleeve 43; while the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 is a circular hole structure at both the upper guide sleeve 42 and the piston body section 101.

[0043] In Embodiment 2 of the piston rod 10 and piston hammer, as shown in Figure 5b, the piston body section 101 of the piston rod 10 is a cylindrical rod, and the upper guide rod 103 and lower guide rod 104 of the piston rod 10 are both polyhedral rods 20. Therefore, the three sections of the piston rod 10 from top to bottom are, in sequence, a polyhedral rod 20, a cylindrical rod, and a polyhedral rod 20. Thus, the inner wall surfaces of the upper guide sleeve 42 and the lower guide sleeve 43 are adapted to the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20. That is, the inner wall surface of the upper guide sleeve 42 and the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 at the lower guide sleeve 43 are provided with an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane; while the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 at the piston body section 101 is a circular hole structure.

[0044] In Embodiment 3 of the piston rod 10 and piston hammer, as shown in Figure 5c, the upper guide rod 103, the piston body section 101, and the lower guide rod 104 of the piston rod 10 are all polyhedral rods 20. Therefore, the three sections of the piston rod 10 from top to bottom are all polyhedral rods 20. Thus, the inner wall surface of the upper guide sleeve 42 and the hole wall surface of the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 (including the lower guide sleeve 43) are provided with an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane.

[0045] Embodiment 4 of piston rod 10 and piston hammer: As shown in Figure 5d, the upper guide rod 103 of piston rod 10 is a cylindrical rod, and the lower guide rod 104 and piston body section 101 of piston rod 10 are both polyhedral rods 20. Therefore, the three sections of piston rod 10 from top to bottom are a cylindrical rod, a polyhedral rod 20, and a polyhedral rod 20, respectively. Thus, the inner support hole 31 of piston cylinder 30 (including the lower guide sleeve 43) has an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane, while the guide hole 41 of upper guide sleeve 42 is a circular hole structure.

[0046] In Embodiment 5 of the piston rod 10 and piston hammer, as shown in Figure 5e, the lower guide rod 104 of the piston rod 10 is a cylindrical rod, and the upper guide rod 103 and the piston body section 101 of the piston rod 10 are both polyhedral rods 20. Therefore, the three sections of the piston rod 10 from top to bottom are, in sequence, a polyhedral rod 20, a cylindrical rod, and a polyhedral rod. Thus, the inner wall surface of the upper guide sleeve 42 and the piston cylinder 30 both have an inner contact plane 32 or an inner contact approximate plane at the piston body section 101, while the guide hole 41 of the lower guide sleeve 43 is a circular hole structure; that is, the inner support hole 31 of the piston cylinder 30 has a circular hole structure at the lower guide sleeve 43.

[0047] Furthermore, the aforementioned polyhedral rod 20 has a polyhedral outer wall, and there are various ways to form the polyhedral outer wall.

[0048] For example, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is polygonal, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 includes multiple planes connected end to end, one of which forms the outer contact plane 21. Preferably, the polyhedral rod 20 has a rounded arc surface 23 or a chamfered surface 24 at the connection between two connected planes. In this way, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 is composed of multiple planes or multiple planes plus arcs.

[0049] For example, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is approximately polygonal, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 includes multiple approximately connected planes, one of which forms the outer contact approximately plane 22. Preferably, the polyhedral rod 20 has a rounded arc surface 23 or a chamfered surface 24 at the connection between two connected approximately planes. In this way, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 is composed of multiple arcs with different curvatures.

[0050] For example, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is irregular. In this case, when there is one outer contact plane 21 or an outer contact approximate plane 22, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 has a connecting arc surface 25 between the two ends of the outer contact plane 21 or the outer contact approximate plane 22; or, when there are multiple outer contact planes 21 or outer contact approximate planes 22, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 has a connecting arc surface 25 between two adjacent outer contact planes 21 or between two adjacent outer contact approximate planes 22. Preferably, the polyhedral rod 20 has a chamfered arc surface 23 or a chamfered surface 24 at the connection between the outer contact plane 21 and the connecting arc surface 25, or at the connection between the outer contact approximate plane 22 and the connecting arc surface 25. Thus, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 is composed of at least one plane or at least one approximate plane, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 can be composed of a combination of arc surfaces with different curvatures, or it can be composed of a plane and an arc surface with different curvatures.

[0051] Several preferred embodiments of the polyhedral rod 20 are provided below.

[0052] In Embodiment 1 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6a, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is triangular, and its outer wall comprises three planes, one of which forms the outer contact plane 21; furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has rounded corners at all three edges, forming rounded arc surfaces 23. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 1 is composed of planes and arc surfaces.

[0053] In Embodiment 2 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6b, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is square, and its outer wall includes four planes, one of which forms the outer contact plane 21; furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has rounded corners at all four edges, forming rounded arc surfaces 23. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 2 is composed of planes and arc surfaces.

[0054] In Embodiment 3 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6c, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is approximately triangular. Its outer wall comprises three approximately convex planes with large curvatures, and these planes are outwardly convex. One of these planes forms the outer contact approximately plane 22. Furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has rounded corners at all three edges, forming rounded arc surfaces 23 with smaller curvatures. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 3 is composed of arc surfaces with different curvatures.

[0055] In Embodiment 4 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6d, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is approximately square. Its outer wall comprises four approximately flat surfaces with large curvatures, and these approximately flat surfaces are convex outwards. One of these approximately flat surfaces forms the outer contact approximately flat surface 22. Furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has rounded corners at all four edges, forming rounded arc surfaces 23 with smaller curvatures. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 4 is composed of arc surfaces with different curvatures.

[0056] In Embodiment 5 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6e, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is square, and its outer wall includes four planes, one of which forms the outer contact plane 21. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 5 is composed of planes.

[0057] In Embodiment Six of the Polyhedral Rod 20, as shown in Figure 6f, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is triangular, and its outer wall comprises three planes, one of which forms the outer contact plane 21; furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has chamfered edges at all three sides, forming chamfered surfaces 24. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment Six is ​​composed of planes.

[0058] Embodiment 7 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6g, has a square cross-section. Its outer wall comprises four planes, one of which forms the outer contact plane 21. Furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has chamfered edges at all four sides, forming chamfered surfaces 24. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 7 is composed of planes.

[0059] In Embodiment 8 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6h, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is irregular. Its outer wall comprises a plane and an arc. The plane forms the outer contact plane 21, and the arc is the connecting arc surface 25 connecting the two ends of the outer contact plane 21. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 8 is composed of a plane and an arc surface.

[0060] In Embodiment Nine of the Polyhedral Rod 20, as shown in Figure 6i, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is irregular. Its outer wall comprises a plane and an arc. The plane forms an outer contact plane 21, and the arc is a connecting arc surface 25 connecting the two ends of the outer contact plane 21. Furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has a rounded arc surface 23 at the connection between the outer contact plane 21 and the connecting arc surface 25. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment Nine is composed of a plane and an arc surface.

[0061] In Embodiment 10 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6j, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is irregular. Its outer wall comprises two symmetrical planes and two symmetrical arcs. One of the planes forms the outer contact plane 21, and the arcs are the connecting arc surfaces 25 that connect the two outer contact planes 21. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment 10 is composed of planes and arc surfaces.

[0062] In Embodiment Eleven of the Polyhedral Rod 20, as shown in Figure 6k, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is irregular. Its outer wall comprises two symmetrical planes and two symmetrical arcs. One plane forms the outer contact plane 21, and the arcs are the connecting arc surfaces 25 connecting the two outer contact planes 21. Furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has a rounded arc surface 23 at the connection between the outer contact plane 21 and the connecting arc surface 25. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment Eleven is composed of planes and arc surfaces.

[0063] Example 12 of the polyhedral rod 20 is shown in Figure 61. It is similar to Example 3 of the polyhedral rod 20, except that the approximate plane is a concave surface.

[0064] Example 13 of the polyhedral rod 20 is shown in Figure 6m. It is similar to Example 4 of the polyhedral rod 20, except that the approximate plane is a concave surface.

[0065] In Embodiment Fourteen of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6n, the cross-section of the polyhedral rod 20 is irregular. Its outer wall includes an approximate plane with a large curvature and an arc. The approximate plane forms an outer contact approximate plane 22 and is a concave surface. The arc is a connecting arc surface 25 connecting the two ends of the outer contact approximate plane 22. Furthermore, the polyhedral rod 20 has a rounded arc surface 23 at the connection between the outer contact approximate plane 22 and the connecting arc surface 25. Therefore, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod 20 in Embodiment Fourteen is composed of an arc surface.

[0066] Example 15 of the polyhedral rod 20, as shown in Figure 6o, is similar to Example 14 of the polyhedral rod 20, except that the approximate plane is an outwardly convex surface.

[0067] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0068] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston rod for a piston hammer, comprising a piston body section (101) and a piston guide section fixedly connected together, and a striking hammer head (102) disposed at the lower end of the piston rod (10), characterized in that: The piston body section (101) and / or piston guide section are polyhedral rods (20). The outer wall of the polyhedral rod (20) has an outer contact plane (21) or an outer contact approximate plane (22) on at least one side that the piston rod (10) is biased towards when it is struck, so that the piston rod (10) is in surface contact with the inner wall of the piston cylinder (30) and / or guide sleeve (40) of the piston hammer at least at the outer contact plane (21) or the outer contact approximate plane (22).

2. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston guide section includes an upper guide rod (103) and a lower guide rod (104) fixedly disposed at the upper and lower ends of the piston body section (101) along the axial direction of the piston rod (10). The hammer head (102) is fixed at the lower end of the lower guide rod (104). At least one of the piston body section (101), the upper guide rod (103) and the lower guide rod (104) is the polyhedral rod (20).

3. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the polyhedral rod (20) is polygonal, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod (20) includes multiple planes connected end to end, one of which constitutes the outer contact plane (21).

4. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The polyhedral rod (20) has a rounded arc surface (23) or a chamfered surface (24) at the connection of two connected planes.

5. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the polyhedral rod (20) is an approximate polygon, and the outer wall of the polyhedral rod (20) includes a plurality of approximate planes connected end to end, one of which constitutes the outer contact approximate plane (22).

6. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polyhedral rod (20) has a rounded arc surface (23) or a chamfered surface (24) at the connection of two connected approximate planes.

7. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the polyhedral rod (20) is irregular; When one of the outer contact plane (21) or the outer contact approximate plane (22) is provided, the outer wall of the polyhedral rod (20) is provided with a connecting arc surface (25) between the two ends of the outer contact plane (21) or the outer contact approximate plane (22); When there are multiple outer contact planes (21) or outer contact approximate planes (22), the outer wall of the polyhedral rod (20) is provided with connecting arc surfaces (25) between two adjacent outer contact planes (21) or between two adjacent outer contact approximate planes (22).

8. The piston rod for a piston hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polyhedral rod (20) has a chamfered surface (23) or a chamfered surface (24) at the connection between the outer contact plane (21) and the connecting arc surface (25), or at the connection between the outer contact approximate plane (22) and the connecting arc surface (25).

9. A piston hammer, comprising a piston cylinder (30) and a guide sleeve (40), wherein the piston cylinder (30) has an internal support hole (31) extending vertically, and the guide sleeve (40) is fixed in the internal support hole (31) and has a guide hole (41) extending vertically, characterized in that: It also includes the piston rod (10) according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the piston body section (101) is movably mounted in the inner support hole (31) of the piston cylinder (30), and the piston guide section is movably mounted in the guide hole (41) of the guide sleeve (40). The piston cylinder (30) has an inner contact plane (32) or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the inner support hole (31) and / or the guide sleeve (40) has an inner contact plane (32) or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the guide hole (41). The inner contact plane (32) or the inner contact approximate plane is adapted to the outer contact plane (21) or the outer contact approximate plane (22) of the piston rod (10), and the two are in surface contact.

10. The piston hammer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The guide sleeve (40) is integrally formed on the wall surface of the inner support hole (31) of the piston cylinder (30).

11. The piston hammer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The guide sleeve (40) is a component independent of the piston cylinder (30).

12. A guide sleeve, characterized in that: The guide sleeve (40) is used to guide and cooperate with the piston rod (10) according to claim 1. The guide sleeve (40) has a guide hole (41) that runs vertically through it. The piston guide section of the piston rod (10) is the polyhedral rod (20) and is movably mounted in the guide hole (41) of the guide sleeve (40). The guide sleeve (40) has an inner contact plane (32) or an inner contact approximate plane on the hole wall surface of the guide hole (41). The inner contact plane (32) or inner contact approximate plane of the guide sleeve (40) is in surface contact with the outer contact plane (21) or outer contact approximate plane (22) of the piston rod (10).

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