Mortise-and-tenon structure connection-based anode conductive device

Abstract

To overcome the technical defects of existing processes in which anode steel claws and phosphor iron rings are used in anode assembly, provided is a mortise-and-tenon structure connection-based anode conductive device, which is mainly composed of an anode conductive metal device and an anode carbon block. The anode conductive metal device is mainly composed of an aluminum guide rod, aluminum-steel composite connecting weld plates, anode conductive upright plates, and anode conductive cross beams arranged beneath the anode conductive upright plates. A structural configuration in which the anode conductive cross beams are in mortise-and-tenon hook load-bearing connection and electrically-conductive connection with anode conductive protrusions on the anode carbon block or with anode conductive slots can be implemented.

Description

A mortise and tenon joint connection type anode conductive device

[0001] Technical Field: A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device, mainly used in the construction of anode carbon block conductive device in aluminum electrolysis cells and in the production of electrolytic aluminum.

[0002] Background technology: The anode conductive metal device of the aluminum electrolysis cell is mainly composed of anode carbon blocks. The anode conductive metal device has the connection function of bearing the weight of the anode carbon blocks and conducting the anode current to the anode carbon blocks so that they can participate in the thermo-electrochemical reaction.

[0003] The commonly used anode metal conductive device for aluminum electrolysis cells is mainly composed of an aluminum guide rod, an aluminum-steel composite welded sheet, and an anode steel claw. During assembly with the anode carbon block, the anode steel claw is first inserted into the anode carbon bowl with a slanted groove at the top of the anode carbon block. Then, molten pig iron is cast into the anode steel claw and the circular annular groove with the slanted groove. After cooling, a pig iron ring is formed. The slanted boss formed on the outside of the pig iron ring enables the anode metal conductive device to support the weight of the anode carbon block, and the pig iron ring serves as the anode steel claw. The conductive function between the anode carbon block and the anode carbon block is achieved by using a small box clamp to install and fix the assembled anode carbon block steel claw assembly onto the anode busbar of the aluminum electrolytic cell during the electrolytic production process. Under the high-temperature thermal conditions in the electrolytic cell, and taking advantage of the fact that the thermal expansion stress of the anode steel claw and the phosphorus iron ring is greater than that of the carbon anode material, a tight iron-carbon interface conductive connection is achieved between the anode steel claw head and the outer wall of the phosphorus iron ring and the inner wall of the anode carbon bowl. This conducts the anode current of the aluminum electrolytic cell to the anode carbon block, enabling it to participate in the electrolytic thermo-electrochemical reaction of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0004] The production process of aluminum electrolysis is a continuous process of consuming anode carbon blocks. When the anode carbon blocks are consumed to the residual stage in the thermo-electrochemical reaction, and the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell endangers the anode steel claw, the residual carbon blocks and the upper anode metal conductive device must be removed from the electrolytic cell. In order to allow the anode conductive metal device to be reused, the residual carbon blocks and the phosphorus iron rings need to be mechanically separated so that a new anode carbon block can be recast on the anode steel claw to form a new anode carbon block steel claw assembly for recycling.

[0005] The currently common technology of assembling anode carbon blocks using hot-cast phosphorus iron rings with anode steel claws is a widely adopted production process in the domestic and international electrolytic aluminum industry. This technology has the following main technical drawbacks: First, it wastes electrical energy during the melting of pig iron. Furthermore, using phosphorus iron rings as a conductive connecting layer between the anode steel claw and the anode carbon bowl results in a high overall voltage drop resistance of the anode conductive device due to the relatively high resistivity of the phosphorus iron ring material, the relatively small contact area between it and the anode carbon block, and the relatively low contact pressure at the iron-carbon interface. During electrolytic production, the resistance consumption at this point can reach approximately 350 kW per ton of electrolytic aluminum. Secondly, during anode carbon block assembly, the residual carbon blocks need to be separated from the anode steel claws by pressure. This requires a large amount of AC power and significant investment in pressure separation, assembly, and lifting / transport equipment, further increasing the investment cost and production expenses of electrolytic aluminum production.

[0006] The electrolytic aluminum production process is a high-energy-consuming process. To reduce the resistance consumption of the anode conductive device during electrolytic aluminum production, lower the AC power consumption for melting pig iron during the assembly of the anode conductive device, reduce the production cost of electrolytic aluminum, and achieve energy-saving, emission-reducing, and low-carbon production, engineers and technicians in the electrolytic aluminum industry both domestically and internationally have been continuously tackling the aforementioned technical deficiencies in existing technologies. They are attempting to achieve the goal of reducing energy consumption in electrolytic aluminum production through technological innovation and modification of the anode conductive device structure.

[0007] According to relevant technology novelty searches and patent literature, in order to overcome the aforementioned technical defects of existing general-purpose anode conductive devices, the inventor of this patent, Gao Dejin, collaborated with the Lanzhou branch of Chinalco as early as August 2009 to develop a novel anode conductive device. This device utilizes bolts or tightening devices and two symmetrical anode conductive vertical clamping plates to horizontally clamp and conductively connect the upper conductive convex platform of the anode carbon block under cold, ambient temperature conditions. The specific implementation technical solution is detailed in Chinese Patent 200920157549.6. The technical features of this clamping anode conductive device are as follows: At the lower part of the aluminum guide rod with a central slit in the lower opening, two symmetrical conductive vertical clamping plates are equipped with upper clamping bolts or horizontal support clamping adjustment devices. During the assembly of the anode conductive device, the two conductive vertical clamping plates are placed in the anode conductive concave grooves on both sides of the anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block. Then, by adjusting the clamping bolts or adjusting the horizontal support clamping adjustment devices, the two symmetrical anode conductive vertical clamping plates generate a high horizontal clamping force on the anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block. This creates a conductive and load-bearing structural connection between the inner sides of the two anode conductive vertical clamping plates and the anode carbon block convex platform, thereby enabling the anode current of the aluminum electrolytic cell anode busbar to be conducted to the anode carbon block through the aluminum guide rod and the anode conductive clamping plates.

[0008] While this clamp-type anode conductive device achieved a cold-state, room-temperature assembly process in industrial trials, it suffered from several technical drawbacks. Firstly, the two symmetrically positioned anode conductive clamping plates below the forked aluminum conductive plate underwent significant plastic deformation under the lateral horizontal clamping force and the reaction force of the anode carbon block's protruding platform during the high-temperature conditions of the aluminum electrolysis cell. This resulted in three main technical defects: Secondly, the large deformation of the structural rigidity during electrolysis reduced the interchangeability of the anode conductive device, making repeated use difficult. Thirdly, the clamping strength of the anode clamping clamp on the anode conductive protrusion varied considerably with changes in the high-temperature electrolysis environment, leading to a decrease in conductivity and significant variations in voltage drop resistance. Finally, under high-temperature thermal electrolysis conditions, the reduced mechanical strength of the clamping clamp on the anode conductive protrusion on the upper part of the anode carbon block could cause anode detachment accidents. Therefore, this technology has not been widely adopted in the aluminum electrolysis industry.

[0009] According to foreign patent literature, Norsk Hydro ASA disclosed a technical solution for a vertical plate anode conductive device in May 2018, patent number US20180023206A1 (hereinafter referred to as the Norsk vertical plate anode technical solution). The feature of this technical solution is that two rigid and fixed anode conductive vertical plates with non-adjustable width are symmetrically arranged below the aluminum guide rod and the aluminum-steel composite connecting piece. That is, the anode steel claw is replaced by two anode conductive vertical plates. On the two anode conductive vertical plates and the top of the anode carbon block, corresponding pin connection holes are configured. When assembling the anode conductive device, the two symmetrical anode conductive vertical plates are first assembled into the anode conductive concave grooves on both sides of the anode carbon block boss. Then, several connecting pins are inserted into the pin connection holes prefabricated on the upper part of the anode conductive vertical plates and the anode carbon block to realize the configuration and connection function of the load-bearing mechanical structure between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block. Then, carbon ramming paste is used to fill the gap between the two rigid, fixed-width anode conductive plates and anode conductive protrusions, and this carbon ramming paste is used as an iron-carbon conductive medium layer to realize the iron-carbon conductive connection function between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block.

[0010] Computer simulation and preliminary industrial test analysis show that the technical solution of Norwegian company Hydro has the following two major technical defects: First, the construction cost of the load-bearing structure is high. It is necessary to first construct several load-bearing connection process holes on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10 and the two conductive plates, and then assemble several load-bearing connection pins into the load-bearing connection process holes to complete the load-bearing structural connection between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block 10. Under high temperature electrolysis, stress concentration is prone to occur above the load-bearing connection pins, which can cause damage. This can not only lead to connection failure and anode detachment, but also cause bending deformation of the load-bearing tension connection pins, affecting their repeated use. Another technical flaw of this company's technology is the high cost and high resistance of its conductive connection construction. This technology utilizes a carbon-impregnated paste filled between two sheet-like anode conductive plates and the anode carbon block as an iron-carbon intermediate medium. Specifically, after the anode conductive device is assembled into the electrolytic cell, the carbon-impregnated paste is heated and solidified using high-temperature electrolysis to achieve its conductive connection function, replacing the phosphorus-iron ring metal material. Since the voltage drop of the carbon-impregnated paste is inevitably greater than the iron-carbon voltage drop of the phosphorus-iron ring metal material, it is impossible to achieve the goal of reducing the overall voltage drop of the anode conductive device. Therefore, to date, there have been no public reports of this patented technology being applied in the electrolytic aluminum production process, either domestically or internationally.

[0011] China is a major producer of electrolytic aluminum, with an annual output of approximately 45 million tons, accounting for about 60% of the world's electrolytic aluminum production capacity. Electrolytic aluminum production is a high-energy-consuming and high-greenhouse-gas-emitting industry. The resulting energy consumption and environmental problems are increasingly subject to stringent policy regulations and market competition. As my country's electrolytic aluminum industry expands into overseas markets, its energy-saving, emission-reducing, and carbon-reducing production processes urgently need technological support to lead the overall technological progress of my country's electrolytic aluminum industry and promote and guarantee the development of energy conservation and emission reduction in the electrolytic industry. To this end, the inventors of this technology, based on summarizing previous experiences and lessons learned in electrolytic aluminum technology innovation, have developed and disclosed an innovative technical solution for a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device.

[0012] Summary of the Invention: The mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device of the present invention is intended to overcome the technical defects of the existing common anode steel claw type anode conductive metal device, which uses hot-cast phosphorus pig iron and phosphorus iron ring as conductive connecting component to achieve conductive connection with the anode carbon block. In order to eliminate the anode steel claw and phosphorus iron ring components, simplify the assembly process of the anode conductive device of aluminum electrolysis cell, reduce the construction cost of the anode conductive device, realize the assembly of the anode conductive device by cold work process under normal temperature working conditions, and reduce the voltage drop of the anode conductive device, this innovative technical solution is proposed.

[0013] The mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device of the present invention is a conductive connection component used to assemble and connect anode carbon blocks to form an anode conductive device for an aluminum electrolysis cell. The device is mainly composed of an aluminum guide rod, an aluminum-steel composite connecting welded sheet, an anode conductive column plate, and an anode conductive crossbeam constructed at the lower part of the anode conductive column plate. Its technical feature is that: at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate, there is an anode conductive crossbeam that can form a mortise and tenon hook load-bearing conductive connection configuration with the anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block or the anode bottom concave groove; the anode conductive metal device can realize the mortise and tenon hook load-bearing connection structure and conductive connection structure of the anode carbon block through the anode conductive crossbeam.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, a mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized by the following: the cross-sectional structure of the anode conductive beam at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate is a trapezoidal structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The cross-sectional structure of the trapezoidal anode conductive beam corresponds to the trapezoidal cross-sectional structure of the anode conductive concave groove on the upper part of the anode carbon block. That is, after the trapezoidal anode conductive beam is assembled and installed in the anode conductive concave groove, it can achieve a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing structure connection configuration and a conductive connection structure configuration with the trapezoidal anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized by the following: the cross-section of the anode conductive beam constructed at the lower part of the anode conductive column plate is a rectangular cross-section structure with tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on the side; the tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on the side of the rectangular anode conductive beam are structurally configured to correspond to the tenon-and-mortise connecting grooves on the side of the anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode conductive carbon block; when the rectangular anode conductive beam with tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on the side is assembled into the anode conductive grooves on the side of the anode conductive convex platform, the rectangular anode conductive beam and the tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses are configured to interlock and hook with the tenon-and-mortise connecting grooves on the side of the rectangular anode conductive convex platform of the anode carbon block.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized by the following: the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive beam located at the lower part of the anode conductive column plate is rectangular; on the side of the rectangular anode conductive beam, there are horizontally constructed interlocking grooves, the shape of which is triangular sawtooth; the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive beam with horizontal interlocking grooves on the side is configured to correspond to the rectangular anode conductive concave groove on the side of the rectangular anode conductive boss located at the middle position of the upper part of the anode carbon block.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized by the following: one side of its anode conductive crossbeam is designed as a trapezoidal inclined structure or a structure with a tenon-and-mortise connection boss, and the other side is designed as a vertical edge; when constructing the anode conductive concave groove structure on the upper part of the anode carbon block, a side filling gap is reserved on the outside of its anode conductive convex platform; when assembling the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, firstly, the anode conductive crossbeam with one side designed as a trapezoidal inclined structure or with a tenon-and-mortise connection boss is assembled onto the upper part of the anode carbon block. Within the concave groove for anode conductivity, the anode conductivity beam and the anode conductivity convex platform of the anode carbon block form a tenon-and-mortise hook-and-hook load-bearing connection. Then, anode conductivity filler material, such as filler steel plate or graphite carbon tamping paste, is used to fill the pre-reserved side filling gaps within the concave groove for anode conductivity. This allows the anode conductivity filler material to provide a conductive connection at the iron-carbon interface and also to generate a certain horizontal compressive force on the anode conductivity beam towards the anode conductivity convex platform, enabling a denser conductive connection to be formed at the iron-carbon interface between the anode conductivity beam and the anode conductivity convex platform.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized in that: the area of ​​the horizontal projection of the anode conductive beam constructed at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate should be greater than the area of ​​the horizontal projection of the anode conductive column plate. That is, when the anode conductive beam is assembled into the concave groove of the anode, the thermal expansion coefficient of the anode conductive beam metal material is greater than that of the anode carbon block carbon material, so that the anode conductive beam forms a saturated assembly structure connection in the anode conductive concave groove, that is, it can realize that the side wall of the anode conductive beam and the side wall of the anode conductive convex platform form a tight iron-carbon bonding interface conductive connection.

[0019] According to claim 1, the mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive metal device is characterized in that: the width deviation of the assembly dimensions of the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive concave groove should be less than the deviation of the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the two different materials, the metal material of the anode conductive beam and the carbon material of the anode conductive concave groove, at the same electrolysis temperature. This ensures that the assembly process between the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive concave groove can be realized, and also optimizes the conductivity between them.

[0020] According to claim 1, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized in that: at the lower part of the aluminum-steel composite connecting piece at the bottom of the aluminum guide rod, an anode conductive column plate and an anode conductive crossbeam are provided, or the lower end of an aluminum guide rod is divided into two parts by a middle width adjustment slot. After being divided, it is connected by two symmetrically arranged aluminum-steel composite connecting pieces, two symmetrically arranged anode conductive column plates, and two parallel symmetrically arranged anode conductive crossbeams. After the two parallel anode conductive crossbeams are assembled in the two parallel anode conductive concave grooves on the upper part of the anode carbon block, the anode conductive crossbeams can achieve a load-bearing structural connection with the middle anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block.

[0021] According to claim 1, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized in that: at the lower end of an aluminum guide rod with a forked lower part and a middle width adjustment slot, two anode conductive column plates are symmetrically and parallelly constructed, and a horizontal width adjustment device, such as a horizontal width adjustment fixing bolt, is constructed on the two anode conductive column plates to adjust the deviation value of the assembly structure dimensions of the two parallel and symmetrically arranged anode conductive crossbeams and the anode conductive concave grooves on both sides of the anode conductive boss on the upper part of the anode carbon block by utilizing the elastic deformation of the aluminum guide rod, thereby ensuring the interchangeability and reliability of the anode conductive metal device during the aluminum electrolysis production cycle.

[0022] According to the above technical solution, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized in that: when assembling the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, the anode conductive metal device can be horizontally pushed from the side of the anode carbon block under normal operating conditions, assembling the anode conductive beam into the anode conductive concave groove, thus realizing the tenon-and-mortise hook-type load-bearing structure and conductive structure assembly connection configuration between the anode conductive device and the anode carbon block. To eliminate the microscopic assembly gaps between the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive convex platform or anode conductive concave groove, a layer of graphite conductive paste can be applied to the surface of the anode steel claw beam or the surface of the anode conductive concave groove.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device is characterized in that: when designing and configuring the anode conductive column plate and anode conductive crossbeam of the anode conductive metal device, the material is low-carbon steel with excellent conductivity and relatively low resistance; or copper-steel composite material or aluminum-steel composite material is used for configuration and construction; when designing the conductive contact area between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, the conductive area of ​​the iron-carbon contact interface on the side surface of the anode conductive crossbeam and the side surface of the anode conductive convex platform should be greater than the unfolded area of ​​the outer side of the phosphorus iron ring in the anode carbon bowl in the prior art, that is, the iron-carbon contact area between the phosphorus iron ring and the anode carbon block, so as to improve its conductivity.

[0024] Based on the above discussion of the technical solutions, the fundamental innovation of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device of the present invention lies in the following: First, an anode conductive beam is newly added to the lower part of the column plate of the anode conductive device, which can be connected to the convex platform of the anode carbon block by mortise and tenon hooks. The anode conductive beam and the anode conductive concave groove on the upper part of the anode carbon block are configured in a corresponding structure, so that the mechanical structure bearing function of the anode metal conductive device on the anode carbon block can be realized by the mortise and tenon hook interlocking connection. At the same time, the thermal expansion coefficient of the anode conductive beam metal material is greater than that of the anode carbon material, so that a tight conductive bonding connection can be formed between the anode conductive beam and the iron-carbon interface of the anode carbon block under electrolysis conditions.

[0025] In the electrolytic aluminum production process and anode assembly process, the mortise and tenon joint structure anode conductive metal device described in this invention has the following three main technical advantages compared with existing technologies. First, it enables the anode conductive device to be assembled under normal temperature and cold operating conditions. This not only eliminates the melting of pig iron and the pressing and removal of the pig iron ring in the anode assembly process, simplifying the anode assembly flow, but also significantly reduces the power consumption, pig iron material cost, and related process equipment investment and labor costs in the anode assembly production process. Second, the mortise and tenon joint structure ensures a more reliable mechanical structure for the load-bearing connection between the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block. Furthermore, by expanding the iron-carbon connection area between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block and optimizing the conductivity of the iron-carbon interface, the connection voltage drop at the iron-carbon interface is reduced, ensuring the stability of its conductivity performance. Third, it reduces the occurrence of internal deformation of the anode steel claw during recycling, thus improving the quality of anode assembly. Fourth, it replaces the original anode carbon block with an inclined groove on the top of the anode carbon block with an innovative anode conductive concave platform or anode conductive concave groove structure. This not only simplifies the production process of anode carbon blocks but also reduces the production cost of anode carbon blocks.

[0026] In the electrolytic aluminum production and anode assembly process, the mortise and tenon joint structure anode conductive device of the aluminum electrolytic cell described in this invention, compared with the "clamping anode conductive device" scheme described in the applicant Gao Dejin's August 2009 patent 200920157549.6, has the following substantial features and significant technical improvements. First, an anode conductive beam is added below the anode conductive column plate, changing the horizontal clamping load-bearing structure connection for the upper boss of the anode carbon block to a mortise and tenon hook connection, which not only improves the reliability of the load-bearing structure connection but also simplifies the assembly process. Second, instead of using two symmetrically arranged conductive vertical clamping plates to achieve water-iron-carbon conductive connection of the anode conductive boss, the above technology relies on the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the anode conductive beam metal material and the anode carbon material to form a pressure that achieves conductive connection at the iron-carbon interface under electrolytic thermal conditions. In terms of its conductivity, since it is not affected by the thermal deformation of the anode conductive clamp, the stability and reliability of the conductivity of the anode conductive device, i.e., the anode voltage drop, can be improved.

[0027] In the electrolytic aluminum production process and anode assembly process, the mortise and tenon joint structure aluminum electrolytic cell anode conductive device described in this invention has the following substantial differences and significant technological advancements compared with the technical solution described in the US20180023206A1 patent document of Hydro Aluminium of Norway. First, the method described in this invention replaces Hydro's method of using several load-bearing connecting pins to connect the two anode conductive plates and the anode carbon block in a pin-type anode conductive device. The load-bearing structure is achieved by using a tenon-and-mortise hook connection between the anode conductive beam and the upper part of the anode carbon block. This method offers advantages in terms of connection strength, operability, high connection strength, and simple product preparation and installation. Second, it replaces Hydro's method of using carbon rammed paste filled between the two sheet-like anode conductive plates and the anode carbon block as an iron-carbon intermediate medium to replace the phosphorus iron ring for conductive connection. Instead, it utilizes the greater thermal expansion coefficient of the anode conductive beam's metal material compared to the anode carbon material to directly connect the iron and carbon components. This method results in a lower iron-carbon voltage drop and more optimized conductivity.

[0028] Therefore, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device described in this invention not only provides a technical solution for the electrolytic aluminum industry to assemble anode conductive devices in a cold state at room temperature, but also provides a revolutionary technical solution for energy conservation and emission reduction in China's electrolytic aluminum industry that can be industrialized. Furthermore, it provides technical support for China's electrolytic aluminum technology to go global, occupy the international market, and seize the commanding heights of technological innovation in the electrolytic aluminum industry.

[0029] The technical solution and features of the mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive metal device of the present invention will become clearer through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the anode carbon block steel claw assembly assembled using the existing technology with cast phosphorus iron.

[0031] Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

[0032] Figure 3 is a front view of a tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device according to Embodiment 1.

[0032] Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 3.

[0033] Figure 5 is a front view of a mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device according to Embodiment 2.

[0034] Figure 6 is a side view of Figure 5.

[0035] Figure 7 is a front view of a mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device according to Embodiment 3.

[0036] Figure 8 is a side view of Figure 7.

[0037] Figure 9 is a front view of a mortise and tenon structure aluminum electrolytic cell anode conductive device according to Example 4.

[0038] Figure 10 is a side view of Figure 9.

[0039] Figure 11 is a front view schematic diagram of a mortise and tenon structure aluminum electrolysis cell anode conductive device according to Embodiment 5.

[0040] Figure 12 is a side view of Figure 11.

[0041] Figure 13 is a front view schematic diagram of a mortise and tenon structure aluminum electrolysis cell anode conductive device according to Embodiment 6. [0041.1] [Correction 05.01.2026 according to Rule 91] Figure 14 is a side view of Figure 13. [0041.2] [Correction 05.01.2026 according to Article 91] Figure 15 is a front view of Embodiment 7.

[0042] Figure 16 is a side view of Figure 15.

[0043] Figure 17 is a front view schematic diagram of an anode conductive device for an aluminum electrolytic cell with a mortise and tenon structure, according to Embodiment 7.

[0044] Figure 18 is a side view of Figure 17.

[0045] Figure 19 shows Example 8.

[0046] Figure 20 shows Example 9

[0047] Figure 21 shows Example 10

[0048] Figure 22 is a side view of Figure 21.

[0049] Figure 23 is a side view of Figure 21.

[0050] The diagram shows: 1. Aluminum guide rod; 2. Horizontal width adjustment center seam; 3. Aluminum-steel composite connecting piece; 4. Anode steel claw head; 5. Anode conductive column plate; 6. Anode conductive crossbeam; 6-1. Trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam; 6-2. Rectangular anode conductive crossbeam with mortise and tenon joint; 6-3. Anode conductive crossbeam with horizontal interlocking teeth; 7. Anode conductive concave groove; 7-1. Trapezoidal anode conductive concave groove; 7-2. Anode conductive concave groove with mortise and tenon joint; 7-3. Anode conductive concave groove with horizontal interlocking teeth on the side; 8. Anode conductive convex platform; 8-1. Anode conductive convex platform with trapezoidal inclined surface structure; 8-2. Groove with mortise and tenon joint. 8-3 Anode conductive convex platform with horizontal interlocking teeth groove on the side, 9 Anode carbon block side conductive convex platform, 10 Anode carbon block, 11 Tenon and tenon connection boss, 12 Tenon and tenon connection groove, 13 Horizontal interlocking teeth groove, 14 Side reinforcing connection, 15 Horizontal conductive crossbeam reinforcing plate, 16 Conductive filling gap, 17 Graphite carbon tamping paste, 17 Conductive filling connecting steel plate, 18 Horizontal tie reinforcing plate, 19 Electric screw adjustment device, 20 Horizontal width adjustment bolt, 21 Phosphorus iron ring, 22 Load-bearing inclined pull boss, 23 Anode carbon bowl, 24 Anode carbon block structural seam, 25 Jack horizontal adjustment device.

[0051] Detailed Description: The technical solution and features of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive device of the present invention are more clearly described by reading the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the commonly used anode conductive device in the aluminum electrolytic cell industry both domestically and internationally is constructed by combining an anode conductive metal device and an anode carbon block using a phosphorus iron ring as a transitional connector. The anode conductive metal device is constructed by welding an aluminum guide rod (aluminum 1), a steel composite explosion-welded sheet (3), and an anode steel claw head (4). An anode carbon bowl (24) is constructed on top of the anode carbon block. When assembling and connecting the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block (10), the anode steel claw head is first placed inside the anode carbon bowl, and then a phosphorus iron ring (21) is cast inside the anode carbon bowl (24). The phosphorus iron ring (21) serves as a load-bearing conductive connector between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block (10), combining the two components to form a complete anode conductive device.

[0053] Example 1: As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the mortise and tenon joint type anode conductive device described in Example 1 has the following structural features: The anode conductive metal device is composed of an aluminum guide rod 1, an aluminum-steel composite explosion welded sheet 3, an anode steel claw head 4, and a trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam 6 welded below the anode steel claw head; an anode conductive concave groove 7 is constructed along the length direction on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10, and an anode conductive convex platform 8 is constructed on both sides of the anode conductive concave groove 7. The cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive crossbeam 6 corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive concave groove 7 on the upper part of the anode carbon block. The trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam 6 is assembled from the side of the anode carbon block into the anode conductive concave groove 7, and the anode conductive metal device can form a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing and conductive connection structure configuration through the upper-small-lower-large trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam 6 and the upper-large-lower-smaller trapezoidal anode conductive convex platform 8; thus realizing the load-bearing and conductive function of the anode conductive metal device connecting the anode carbon block 10. This results in a novel anode conductive device that uses a trapezoidal anode conductive beam 6 located at the bottom of the anode conductive metal device to replace the original phosphorus iron ring 21 as a load-bearing conductive connection transition layer, and directly connects with the anode carbon block 10 for both load-bearing and conductive connection.

[0054] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 2: As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the structural feature of the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device described in this Example 2 is that: at the lower end of the aluminum guide rod 1 and the aluminum-steel composite connecting piece 3; an anode conductive column plate 5 with a convex platform shape in the side projection is provided; below the anode conductive column plate 5, along the length direction of the anode carbon block, several anode conductive crossbeams 6-2 are welded to form a mortise and tenon structure for load-bearing and conductive connection with the upper anode conductive convex platform 8 of the anode carbon block 10. The side of the anode conductive crossbeam 6-2 is provided with a connecting convex platform 11. The structural feature of the anode carbon block 10 corresponding to the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device in this Example 2 is that: along the length direction of the anode carbon block 10, it is divided into two pieces by a middle dividing seam 24. An anode conductive convex platform 8 is constructed above the anode carbon block 10, and a connecting groove 12 is constructed on the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8. The side of the anode conductive crossbeam 6-2 is provided with a connecting convex platform 11 and a connecting groove 12 on the side of the anode conductive convex platform, forming a mortise and tenon interlocking, vertical tensile load-bearing conductive connection structure. During the assembly of the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, after the anode conductive crossbeam 6-2 of the anode conductive metal device is assembled into the anode conductive concave groove 7 of the anode carbon block 10, the anode conductive metal device can achieve a mortise and tenon hook load-bearing connection and an iron-carbon conductive connection between the anode conductive crossbeam 6 and the anode carbon block 10.

[0055] [Corrected according to detailed rules 91 05.01.2026] Example 3, as shown in Figures 7 and 8: The mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive device described in this example has the following structural features: the anode conductive metal device is constructed from an aluminum guide rod 1, an aluminum-steel composite connecting piece 3, an anode conductive column plate 5, and an anode conductive crossbeam 6. The structural features are: at the lower end of the anode aluminum guide rod 1, a horizontal width adjustment seam 2 is provided, which divides the lower end of the aluminum guide rod into two parts. At the lower ends of the two symmetrically arranged aluminum guide rods 1, two aluminum-steel composite connecting pieces 3, two anode conductive column plates 5, and two trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeams 6-1 are symmetrically welded to parallel structures. The cross-sectional shape of the trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam 6-1 corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive concave groove 7-1 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10. After the anode conductive metal device is assembled and connected with the anode carbon block, it can achieve its trapezoidal tenon and mortise structure hook-and-load-bearing connection and conductive connection structure configuration through the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10 via its trapezoidal anode conductive crossbeam 6.

[0056] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 4: As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive device described in Example 4 has a structural configuration that is basically the same as that of Example 3. The difference lies in that the welded structure has mortise and tenon connecting bosses 11 on the side of the cross-section of the anode conductive beams 6, which are symmetrically and parallelly arranged at the lower end of the anode conductive column plate 5. The mortise and tenon connecting bosses and the mortise and tenon connecting grooves 12 on the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10 are configured with corresponding interlocking mortise and tenon structures. After the anode conductive device is assembled, the anode conductive metal device can achieve a mortise and tenon hook interlocking load-bearing structure connection and conductive structure connection configuration through the mortise and tenon connecting bosses 11 on both sides of the rectangular anode conductive beam and the mortise and tenon connecting grooves on the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8. Thus, a complete new type of anode conductive device is formed.

[0057] Example 5, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, describes a mortise and tenon joint anode conductive device. The basic structure of the anode conductive metal device is essentially the same as in Examples 3 and 4. The key difference lies in the fact that the welded structure features a rectangular cross-section for the anode conductive beams 6-3, which are symmetrically and parallelly positioned at the lower end of the anode conductive column plate 5. Horizontal interlocking teeth 13 are provided on the sides of the rectangular cross-section of the anode conductive beams 6-3. During the assembly of the anode carbon blocks, the horizontal interlocking teeth 13 on the sides of the rectangular anode conductive beams 6-3 interact with the horizontal interlocking teeth 13 on the sides of the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10, creating a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing and conductive connection similar to that in Example 4. The rectangular anode conductive beams 6-3 with horizontal interlocking teeth 13 on the sides described in this example have advantages such as simple processing and a large iron-carbon contact area.

[0058] [Corrected according to Detailed Rules 91, 05.01.2026] Example: 6 As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device of the present invention, because its trapezoidal cross-section anode conductive beam 6, which is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, cannot be vertically assembled from the upper part of the anode carbon block 10 into the upper part of the anode conductive concave groove 7, which is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, corresponding to the cross-section of the anode conductive beam 6, to achieve a mortise and tenon structure load-bearing conductive connection configuration between the trapezoidal cross-section anode conductive beam 6 and the anode conductive convex platform 8; therefore, the anode conductive beam 6 of the anode conductive metal device can only be pushed into the anode conductive concave groove 7 on the upper part of the anode carbon block from the side end of the anode carbon block 10 in the horizontal direction to set the position; so that the side of the anode carbon block can form a vertical mortise and tenon hook type load-bearing structure connection configuration with the side of the anode conductive convex platform 8. That is, in order to achieve the mortise and tenon hook load-bearing connection and conductive structure connection configuration between the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block 10. It is installed in the anode conductive concave groove 7 of the anode carbon block 10, and has a through-type structure along the length of the anode carbon block 10 at both ends.

[0059] [Corrected according to Rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 7, as shown in Figure 15, the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive beam in this example is configured to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive concave groove or anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block. The anode conductive beam serves as a load-bearing connecting component that connects the anode conductive metal and the anode carbon block vertically. The cross-sectional shape of its side tenon connection is a trapezoidal inclined surface, or a rectangular cross-section with a connecting boss on the side, or a rectangular cross-section with a horizontal interlocking tooth groove 13 on the side. This allows the side of the anode conductive beam 6 or the corresponding anode conductive convex platform to form a vertical tenon structure load-bearing connection between the inclined side wall of the anode conductive beam 6 and the inclined side wall of the anode conductive convex platform 8 after the anode conductive beam is assembled into the anode bottom concave groove. At the same time, it also allows a tight conductive connection to be formed between the iron-carbon contact surfaces of the side wall of the anode conductive beam 6 and the side wall of the anode conductive convex platform 8.

[0060] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 8: As shown in Figure 16, in order to ensure the conductive connection performance between the anode conductive beam and the anode carbon block, the iron-carbon interface between the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive convex platform should be machined to form a conductive interface connection; when designing the cross-sectional structure or assembly structure of the anode conductive beam, the physical characteristic that the thermal expansion coefficient of the anode conductive beam metal material is greater than that of the anode carbon block carbon material, as well as the technical conditions of the anode carbon block in the electrolytic cell's thermal environment, should be used to rationally design the assembly gap between the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive concave groove. For example, the width of the anode conductive beam 6 should be greater than the width of the anode conductive column plate. This ensures that during room temperature assembly, a certain pre-set gap for thermal expansion and contraction is provided between the anode conductive beam 6 and the anode conductive concave groove 7 in the horizontal width direction. Simultaneously, under electrolysis conditions, the thermal expansion rate of the anode conductive beam metal material is greater than that of the anode carbon block carbon material. This allows the anode conductive beam 6 to fill and eliminate the assembly gap under the high-temperature environment of electrolysis, achieving a tight conductive connection between the iron-carbon bonding interface of the anode conductive beam 6 and the anode conductive convex platform 7.

[0061] [Corrected according to Detailed Rules 91, 05.01.2026] Example 9: As shown in Figures 17, 18, 19, and 20, the mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive device of the present invention is configured with a mortise and tenon structure connection type anode conductive metal device, which is the same as the existing anode steel claw type anode conductive metal device; it is a recyclable conductive metal component in the electrolysis production process. In order to ensure the interchangeability of its anode conductive metal device and multiple anode carbon blocks in combination assembly, the structural width between the two symmetrically parallel anode conductive crossbeams in the structural design of the anode conductive metal device should be adjustable. As shown in Figures 18 and 19, a horizontal width adjustment slot 2 is provided at the bottom end of the aluminum guide rod 1, which is set on the anode conductive metal device. The horizontal width adjustment slot 2 divides the lower end of the aluminum guide rod 1 into two symmetrical parts. Then, aluminum-steel composite connecting piece 3, anode conductive column plate 5, and anode conductive crossbeam 6 are symmetrically and parallelly welded to the bottom of the divided aluminum guide rod 1. When assembling the anode conductive metal device and the anode, the horizontal width bolt adjustment device 5 of the anode conductive column plate 4 and the flexible and elastic deformation characteristics of the aluminum material structure at the lower end of the aluminum guide rod 1 can be used to make the width of the two symmetrically set anode conductive column plate 5 and anode conductive crossbeam 6 at the lower end of the aluminum guide rod 1 randomly adjusted according to the actual size of the assembly width of the anode carbon block 10 anode conductive convex platform 8 or anode conductive concave groove 7 when subjected to mechanical external force. This is to minimize the manufacturing size deviation between the anode carbon block 10 and the anode conductive metal device and improve the interchangeability of the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block structure connection during the anode assembly process.

[0062] [Corrected according to Rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 11: As shown in Figures 17, 18, 19 and 20. In order to solve the problem of assembling the anode conductive metal device from above the anode carbon block into the conductive concave groove of the anode carbon block, and forming a tenon-and-mortise structure for load-bearing conductive connection with the conductive convex platform of the anode carbon block, this embodiment provides a feasible technical solution, characterized in that: when designing the overall structure of the anode conductive device, the overall assembly width S of the lower part of the anode conductive crossbeam should be slightly smaller than the width S of the upper conductive concave groove of the anode carbon block, so that the anode conductive crossbeam can be inserted into the anode conductive concave groove from above, as shown in Figure 19; that is, when assembling the anode conductive device as a whole, firstly, the horizontal width adjustment device 20 set on the anode conductive column plate 5 is used to apply a mechanical horizontal pulling force to expand the assembly width between the two anode conductive crossbeams 6 outward, so that the two anode conductive crossbeams 6 can be inserted vertically into the anode conductive concave groove 7 from the anode carbon block 10, as shown in Figure 17. Then, using the horizontal width adjustment device 20 installed on the anode conductive column plate 5, external mechanical horizontal extrusion is applied, causing the two anode conductive beams 6 to undergo horizontal mechanical displacement towards the anode conductive convex platform 8. This creates a vertical tensile tenon-and-mortise structure for load-bearing conductive connection between the side surfaces of the two anode conductive beams 6 and the side surfaces of the anode conductive convex platform 8, as shown in Figure 18. To improve the reliability of the load-bearing and conductive connection and optimize its conductivity, conductive filler metal plate 16 and carbon tamping paste 17 are extruded and filled into the assembly width adjustment gap 15 formed between the anode conductive beams 6 and the anode conductive concave groove 7. This ensures that the iron-carbon interface between the anode conductive beams 6 and the anode carbon block 10 can generate a conductive structure configuration connection with a certain density pressure under the action of horizontal thrust. The conductive filler steel plate 16 or graphite tamping paste 17 is filled into the conductive filler gap 15 on the side of the anode conductive beam 6 by extrusion, as shown in Figure 20. The horizontal extrusion force generated by the anode conductive convex platform 9 on the outer side of the anode carbon block and the conductive filler steel plate 16, and the elastic or flexible deformation of the lower end of the anode aluminum guide rod 1, causes the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 6 to be horizontally extruded and displaced towards the anode conductive convex platform 8. This results in a tight conductive connection interface and a tenon-and-mortise hook-type load-bearing conductive connection structure between the sides of the trapezoidal anode conductive beam 6 and the trapezoidal anode conductive convex platform 8.

[0063] [Corrected according to Rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 12: As shown in Figure 21, in order to reduce the gross consumption of the anode carbon block 10 in the production process of the aluminum electrolysis cell and reduce the weight consumption of the anode carbon block 10 configuration, when optimizing the overall design of the load-bearing conductive connection structure on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10 during the electrolysis production process, only the structural configuration of the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block 10 can be retained, while the structural configuration of the anode conductive concave groove 7 on both sides and the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the side of the anode carbon block can be cancelled. As shown in Figure 22, an anode conductive metal device with a mortise and tenon structure has an overall structure that is basically the same as that in Figures 7 and 8 of the above embodiments. The key difference lies in the following: after the anode assembly is completed, two symmetrically arranged anode conductive beams 6 form a mortise and tenon structure for load-bearing and conductive connection with the anode conductive protrusions 8. Then, a horizontal width adjustment device on the anode conductive column plate 5 is used to apply horizontal pressure to the two symmetrically arranged parallel anode conductive beams 6. This creates a tight iron-carbon interface conductive connection between the anode carbon blocks 10 on the anode conductive beams 6. In other words, the anode conductive protrusions 8 of the two symmetrically arranged parallel conductive beams 6 are used for a clamping conductive connection to optimize conductivity. Therefore, the trapezoidal inclined connecting surface on the outside of the anode conductive beams 6 can be modified into a vertical cross-section side shape.

[0064] [Corrected according to detailed rules 91 05.01.2026] Example 13: As shown in Figure 22: The anode conductive device described in this example is basically the same as that in Example 11. The difference is that when the two anode conductive column plates and the anode conductive crossbeam 6 set at the lower part of the anode conductive metal device are connected to the anode conductive convex platform 8 on the upper part of the anode carbon block for load-bearing and conductive connection, not only can a tenon and mortise structure be used for connection, but also a horizontal clamping force can be applied to the anode conductive crossbeam at the same time to implement a tight conductive connection to the anode conductive convex platform 8. The rectangular anode conductive beams with connecting bosses 11 on their sides are connected to the anode conductive convex platform with corresponding connecting grooves 12 on the upper side of the anode carbon block using a snap-fit ​​and tenon joint. At the same time, external horizontal compressive force is applied to the anode conductive beams 6 using the anode conductive column plates 5. For example, a mechanical jack 21 is used to apply horizontal compressive force inward to the anode conductive column plates 5 and the anode conductive beams 6, so that a tight iron-carbon conductive interface connection is formed between the anode conductive beams 6 and the anode conductive convex platform 8. After confirming that the iron-carbon bonding voltage drop between the two meets the set technical requirements, the horizontal width tie plates set on the upper part of the two anode conductive columns 5 are welded and fixed by welding to ensure the stability of the conductivity of the anode conductive device under electrolysis conditions. Then, the external horizontal pressure application tool 21 and the mechanical jack are removed to complete the assembly process of the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block.

[0065] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91 05.01.2026] Example 14: As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the anode conductive metal device with a mortise and tenon structure connection described in this example is characterized in that the aluminum guide rod with horizontal width adjustment of the middle seam bifurcation, the lower part of the aluminum-steel composite explosive connection welding piece, and the anode conductive column plate 5 constructed thereunder are two symmetrically arranged rectangular conductive column plates 5. At the bottom of the two rectangular conductive column plates 5, a horizontal conductive beam reinforcing plate 15 is provided. A support connecting plate 14 is provided between the horizontal conductive beam reinforcing plate 15 and the anode conductive column plate 5. At the bottom of the horizontal conductive beam reinforcing plate 15, an anode conductive beam 6 is provided, which can be connected to the anode conductive convex platform 8 of the anode carbon block 10 with a mortise and tenon structure. The anode conductive beam 6 can be connected to the anode carbon block 10 with a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing connection and conductive connection.

[0066] Example Supplementary Explanation (I) In order to optimize the conductivity between the anode conductive beam 6 and the anode carbon block 10, and to prevent the surface of the anode conductive beam from being negatively affected by long-term carburization during repeated use, which would increase the resistance value of the iron-carbon interface, the conductive contact surface of the anode conductive beam 6 and the anode carbon block 10 should be subjected to copper plating or nickel-chromium alloy plating to form an optimized conductive alloy layer.

[0067] (II) Supplementary Explanation of the Embodiments: To improve the conductivity of the anode conductive metal device, a copper-steel composite structure design (steel-clad copper) can be adopted when designing the conductive material structure of the anode conductive column plate 4 and the anode conductive beam 6. That is, copper plates or round copper rods 18 with excellent conductivity are embedded and extruded into the anode conductive column plate 4 and the anode conductive beam 6 to form a copper-steel structure and improve their conductivity.

Claims

1. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device, mainly composed of an anode conductive metal device and an anode carbon block assembled together, characterized in that: The anode conductive metal device is mainly composed of an aluminum guide rod, an aluminum-steel composite connecting welded sheet, an anode conductive column plate, and an anode conductive crossbeam constructed at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate. The anode conductive crossbeam can be configured with a tenon-and-mortise hook-and-hook load-bearing and conductive connection structure with the anode conductive convex platform on the top of the anode carbon block or the anode bottom concave groove.

2. The mortise and tenon joint connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode conductive metal device of this apparatus has an anode conductive beam at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate with a trapezoidal structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The cross-sectional shape of this trapezoidal anode conductive beam corresponds to the trapezoidal cross-sectional shape of the anode conductive concave groove on the upper part of the anode carbon block. After the trapezoidal anode conductive beam is assembled and installed in the anode conductive concave groove, it can achieve a mortise and tenon hook-type load-bearing structure connection and conductive connection structure with the trapezoidal anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode carbon block, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

3. The mortise and tenon joint connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode conductive beam, located below the anode conductive column plate, has a rectangular cross-section with tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on its side. These tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on the side of the rectangular anode conductive beam correspond to the tenon-and-mortise connecting grooves on the side of the anode conductive convex platform on the upper part of the anode conductive block. When the rectangular anode conductive beam with tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on its side is assembled into the rectangular anode conductive grooves on the side of the anode conductive convex platform, the tenon-and-mortise connecting bosses on the rectangular anode conductive beam and the tenon-and-mortise connecting grooves on the side of the rectangular anode conductive convex platform of the anode carbon block form an interlocking tenon-and-mortise hook connection structure.

4. The mortise and tenon joint connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode conductive beam, located beneath the anode conductive column plate, has a rectangular cross-section. On the side of this rectangular anode conductive beam, horizontal interlocking grooves are provided, with the grooves being triangular sawtooth-shaped. This cross-sectional structure of the anode conductive beam with its horizontal interlocking grooves corresponds to the rectangular anode conductive concave groove on the side of the rectangular anode conductive boss located at the upper center of the anode carbon block. When the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block are assembled, the horizontal interlocking grooves on the side of the anode conductive beam can form a tight conductive connection or a tenon-and-mortise interlocking load-bearing connection with the side of the conductive boss.

4. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of its anode conductive beam is a trapezoidal inclined structure design or a structure design with a tenon-and-mortise connection boss, and the other side is a vertical edge design; when constructing the anode conductive concave groove structure on the upper part of the anode carbon block, a side filling gap is reserved on the outside of its anode conductive convex platform; when assembling the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, firstly, the anode conductive beam with a trapezoidal inclined structure design or a tenon-and-mortise connection boss on one side is assembled onto the upper part of the anode carbon block. Within the concave groove for anode conductivity, the anode conductivity beam and the anode conductivity convex platform of the anode carbon block form a tenon-and-mortise hook-and-hook load-bearing connection. Then, anode conductivity filler material, such as filler steel plate or graphite carbon tamping paste, is used to fill the pre-reserved side filling gaps within the concave groove for anode conductivity. This allows the anode conductivity filler material to provide a conductive connection at the iron-carbon interface and also to generate a certain horizontal compressive force on the anode conductivity beam towards the anode conductivity convex platform, enabling a denser conductive connection to be formed at the iron-carbon interface between the anode conductivity beam and the anode conductivity convex platform.

5. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural feature of its anode metal conductive device is that the area of ​​the horizontal projection of the anode conductive beam constructed at the bottom of the anode conductive column plate is greater than the area of ​​the horizontal projection of the anode conductive column plate.

6. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width deviation of the assembly dimensions of the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive concave groove should be less than the deviation of the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the two different materials, the metal material of the anode conductive beam and the carbon material of the anode conductive concave groove, at the same electrolysis temperature. This ensures that the assembly process between the anode conductive beam and the anode conductive concave groove is feasible, and also optimizes their conductivity.

7. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive metal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the lower end of the aluminum guide rod of the anode conductive metal device, the lower end of the aluminum guide rod is divided into two symmetrical parts by an adjustment slot in the middle of the aluminum guide rod. Then, an aluminum-steel composite connecting piece, an anode conductive column plate, and two parallel symmetrically arranged anode conductive beams are combined to form a structure. After the two parallel anode conductive beams are assembled into the two parallel anode conductive concave grooves on the upper part of the anode carbon block, the anode conductive beams can be set to connect with the anode conductive convex platform in the middle of the upper part of the anode carbon block, realizing the connection of the load-bearing structure and the anode conductive structure.

8. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the lower end of the aluminum guide rod, on the two anode conductive column plates, a horizontal width adjustment device is installed. This device utilizes the flexible or elastic deformation of the aluminum guide rod to adjust the dimensional deviation of the assembly structure of the two parallel and symmetrically arranged anode conductive beams and the anode conductive concave grooves on both sides of the anode conductive boss on the upper part of the anode carbon block. This ensures the repeatability, interchangeability, and reliability of the anode conductive metal device during the cyclical use of aluminum electrolysis production.

9. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When assembling the anode conductive metal device and the anode carbon block, apply a layer of graphite metal conductive paste to the surface of the anode steel claw beam or the surface of the anode conductive concave groove.

10. A tenon-and-mortise structure connection type anode conductive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode conductive column plate and anode conductive crossbeam of the anode conductive metal device are constructed using low-carbon steel with excellent conductivity and relatively low resistance, or using copper-steel composite material, or using aluminum-steel composite material.

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