Method and apparatus for generating power distribution control reference value for fuel cell hybrid vehicle
The method and apparatus optimize power distribution in fuel cell hybrid vehicles using real-time traffic information to address performance issues, enhancing efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INDUSTRY UNIVERSITY COOPERATION FOUNDATION HANYANG UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-04
AI Technical Summary
Fuel cell hybrid vehicles face performance degradation due to low efficiency in certain operating ranges, insufficient voltage supply during high-speed operations, and inability to recover energy during braking, leading to decreased vehicle acceleration and overall efficiency.
A method and apparatus for generating a power distribution control reference value using real-time traffic information to optimize power distribution between the fuel cell and battery in a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, employing a traffic information acquisition unit, reference value generation unit, and control unit to determine the power distribution ratio and control the power distribution process.
Minimizes fuel consumption and enhances vehicle performance by optimizing power distribution based on real-time traffic conditions, allowing for independent application to various vehicles including passenger cars.
Smart Images
Figure KR2025017494_04062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Method and apparatus for generating power distribution control reference values for fuel cell hybrid vehicles
[0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for generating a reference value for power distribution control of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus capable of generating an optimal reference value for power distribution control of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle by utilizing real-time traffic information.
[0002]
[0003] A fuel cell is a type of power generation device that converts the chemical energy contained in fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction within a fuel cell stack, rather than converting it into heat through combustion. It can be applied not only to supply power for industrial, residential, and vehicle propulsion, but also to power small electrical and electronic products, particularly portable devices.
[0004] On the other hand, when using fuel cells solely as the vehicle's power source, the fuel cells bear the entire load of the vehicle, resulting in a disadvantage of performance degradation in operating ranges where fuel cell efficiency is low. Additionally, due to output characteristics where the output voltage drops sharply in high-speed operating ranges requiring high voltage, the system failed to supply sufficient voltage required by the drive motor, leading to a decrease in vehicle acceleration performance. Furthermore, when a sudden load was applied to the vehicle, the fuel cell output voltage would drop instantaneously, failing to supply sufficient power to the drive motor and degrading vehicle performance. Moreover, since fuel cells possess unidirectional output characteristics, they could not recover energy drawn from the drive motor during braking, which reduced the efficiency of the vehicle system.
[0005] Fuel cell hybrid vehicles are being developed as a solution to compensate for the aforementioned drawbacks. A fuel cell hybrid is a system equipped with a battery, which serves as an energy storage means, as a separate power source to provide the power required for motor operation, in addition to the fuel cell which is the primary power source, applicable to small vehicles as well as large vehicles such as buses.
[0006]
[0007] The objective of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle that can minimize fuel consumption of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle by receiving traffic information in real time.
[0008]
[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, to achieve the above objective, a method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle is disclosed, characterized by comprising: a step of obtaining real-time traffic information for a driving section of a target vehicle; and a step of generating a battery SOC (State of Charge) trajectory using the specifications of the target vehicle and the real-time traffic information.
[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, to achieve the above objective, a power distribution control reference value generating device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle is disclosed, characterized by comprising: a traffic information acquiring unit that acquires real-time traffic information for a driving section of a target vehicle; a reference value generating unit that generates a battery SOC (State of Charge) trajectory using the specifications of the target vehicle and the real-time traffic information; and a control unit that controls the traffic information acquiring unit and the reference value generating unit.
[0011]
[0012] A method and device for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention can minimize the fuel consumption of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle by receiving traffic information in real time.
[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a power distribution control reference value for controlling a fuel cell hybrid vehicle can be generated independently and applied to actual road conditions.
[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to apply it to various vehicles, such as passenger cars, not just commercial vehicles traveling along a predetermined route.
[0015]
[0016] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 3 is a detailed flowchart of step S230 shown in Figure 2.
[0019] Figure 4 is a result obtained through a method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a computing environment including a computing device related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0021]
[0022] In order to fully understand the present invention, the operational advantages of the present invention, and the objectives achieved by the implementation of the present invention, reference must be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described in the accompanying drawings.
[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below by explaining preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. However, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described. Furthermore, to clearly explain the present invention, parts unrelated to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same components.
[0024] The embodiments and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technology described in this document to specific embodiments and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, and / or substitutions of said embodiments.
[0025] In describing various embodiments below, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known functions or configurations could unnecessarily obscure the essence of the invention, such detailed description will be omitted.
[0026] In relation to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar components.
[0027] A singular expression may include a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0028] In this document, expressions such as "A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may include all possible combinations of the items listed together.
[0029] Where it is stated that a certain (e.g., first) component is "(functionally or telecommunicationally) connected" or "connected" to another (e.g., second) component, the certain component may be directly connected to the other component or connected through another component (e.g., third component).
[0030] As used in this specification, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “composed” or “comprising” should not be interpreted as necessarily including all of the various components or steps described in the specification, and should be interpreted as meaning that some of the components or steps may not be included, or that additional components or steps may be included.
[0031] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] As described above, a power distribution control reference value generating device (100) (hereinafter referred to as the 'control reference value generating device') of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle may include a traffic information acquisition unit (120), a reference value generating unit (130), a power distribution unit (140), and a control unit (150).
[0033] The specifications of a target vehicle may be prepared in advance to generate reference values for power distribution control of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle. The term "target vehicle" may refer to a vehicle that controls power distribution by following the reference values generated by the fuel cell hybrid vehicle. A fuel cell hybrid vehicle may refer to a vehicle that uses a fuel cell as the primary power source and combines it with a hybrid system. The vehicle generates electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to drive a motor, thereby pursuing both efficiency and eco-friendliness simultaneously. The vehicle may use a fuel cell as the primary power source and a battery as an auxiliary power source.
[0034] The traffic information acquisition unit (120) can acquire real-time traffic information for the driving section of the target vehicle.
[0035] The reference value generation unit (130) can generate a battery SOC (State of Charge) trajectory using the specifications of the acquired target vehicle and real-time traffic information.
[0036] The power distribution unit (140) can determine the power distribution ratio between the fuel cell and the battery in the generated battery SOC trajectory and distribute power according to the determined power distribution ratio.
[0037] The control unit (150) can control the traffic information acquisition unit (120), the reference value generation unit (130), and the power distribution unit (140) overall.
[0038] FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0039] To generate reference values for power distribution control of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell hybrid vehicle model can first be configured. Configuring the vehicle model means configuring it to enable power distribution between the fuel cell and the battery, thereby serving as a preliminary step to apply it to a global optimization algorithm.
[0040] For the configuration of the above vehicle model, the specifications of the target vehicle may be prepared in advance. The specifications of the target vehicle refer to information indicating the main performance and specifications of the target vehicle, and may include vehicle weight, wheel diameter, motor output, drag coefficient, etc.
[0041] In addition, a fuel cell model and a battery model can be configured for the above vehicle model configuration. The fuel cell model can reflect the Balance of Plant (BOP) power consumption and operating limit conditions (output change rate limit) of the fuel cell. The battery model can reflect changes in State of Charge (SOC) and changes in internal parameters according to the charge / discharge state.
[0042] The traffic information acquisition unit (120) can acquire real-time traffic information regarding the driving section of the target vehicle (S220). The real-time traffic information may include the average travel speed per section of the driving road and the gradient (slope) per section of the driving road. The traffic information acquisition unit (120) can receive the average travel speed per section of the driving road using vehicle communication such as V2I or V2V, and can acquire the gradient per section of the driving road by utilizing map data.
[0043] The reference value generation unit (130) can generate a battery State of Charge (SOC) trajectory using the acquired specifications of the target vehicle and real-time traffic information (S230). The battery State of Charge (SOC) trajectory can serve as a reference value for power distribution control between the fuel cell and the battery of the target vehicle. A detailed explanation of how to generate the battery State of Charge (SOC) trajectory will be provided later.
[0044] The power distribution unit (140) can determine the power distribution ratio between the fuel cell and the battery in the generated battery SOC trajectory and distribute power according to the determined power distribution ratio (S240).
[0045] The power distribution unit (140) can determine the power distribution between the fuel cell and the battery to follow a control reference value. Techniques applied for this purpose include the Adaptive-Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) and model predictive control.
[0046] The above battery State of Charge (SOC) trajectory can be generated using a model predictive control technique.
[0047] Figure 3 is a detailed flowchart of step S230 shown in Figure 2.
[0048] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a battery SOC trajectory using a model predictive control technique. A battery SOC (State of Charge) trajectory can refer to a graph or data representing changes in the battery's state of charge over time. The battery SOC trajectory can visually display the state of charge over time. Additionally, the battery SOC trajectory can be used to analyze battery performance. The battery SOC trajectory can help estimate the remaining battery capacity and usable time.
[0049] First, the reference value generation unit (130) uses the fuel cell hybrid vehicle model configured above and the acquired real-time traffic information to generate the electric energy (P) required for driving the vehicle. desire ) can be calculated (S310).
[0050] The reference value generating unit (130) generates the electrical energy (P) required for driving. desire The target output of the fuel cell for a future point in time can be specified using the power distribution ratio of the fuel cell and the battery arbitrarily designated (S320). If there are multiple future points in time, the target output of the fuel cell for the future point in time can be specified in the form of a combination.
[0051] For example, when the current time is t, the reference value generating unit (130) generates future times t+1, t+2, t+N p N at time point p Combination of target outputs of arbitrary fuel cells When the target output of the fuel cell is input, a state x1 including the cost J1 and the battery charge amount (SOC) for a period of time can be derived (S330).
[0052] More specifically, the reference value generation unit (130) can calculate a state value including the cost required to drive the target vehicle and the battery SOC corresponding to the future point in time by using the specified target output and the real-time traffic information as inputs to the plant model. The plant model is a mathematical model of the operation of an actual physical system (plant) or a simulation environment, and this model can be utilized for control system design, simulation, optimization, analysis, etc.
[0053] In this case, the target output and state of the fuel cell follow constraints that consider at least one of the fuel cell or the battery.
[0054] N p The combination, cost, and state of the target output of any number of fuel cells can be expressed by the following mathematical formula 1.
[0055]
[0056] P fc,1 is a target output combination, representing a combination of target outputs for each of multiple future time points. The subscript 1 indicates the number of times the target output combination is specified, where 1 signifies the first specification. If the number of specification is 2, subscript 1 can be changed to subscript 2.
[0057] J1(t) is at future times t+1, t+2,..., t+N p This is the cost calculated when the above-specified target output combination is used as input. Here, the subscript indicates the number of times the cost is calculated, and 1 means the first time the cost is calculated. If the number of cost calculations is 2, subscript 1 can be changed to subscript 2.
[0058] m represents the fuel consumption of the target vehicle, and f(SOC init - SOC final) is a fuel consumption correction function for the deviation between the initial SOC and the final SOC. τ is a variable representing time.
[0059] The reference value generation unit (130) can check whether the calculated cost (J) and state (x) correspond to the termination condition (S340).
[0060] If the calculated cost (J1) and state (x1) are not values corresponding to the termination condition, the reference value generation unit (130) uses an optimization model for cost J1 to generate a combination of fuel cell target outputs that can reduce fuel consumption. Assign a new value, and for this, the times t+1, t+2,..... t+N p The fuel consumption J2 and state x2 during this period are derived (S350). At this time, the optimization model may include SQP, Gradient Descent, IPOPT, etc.
[0061] More specifically, the reference value generation unit (130) uses an optimization model with the calculated cost (J1) and state (x1) to generate a combination of fuel cell target outputs that can reduce fuel consumption. You can specify a new one.
[0062] And a combination of newly designated fuel cell target outputs By using it as an input to a plant model, a state value including the cost required to drive the target vehicle and the battery SOC corresponding to the future point in time can be recalculated.
[0063] The above steps S330, S340, and S350 involve the calculated cost (J n ) and state(x n It can be repeated until ) meets the termination condition.
[0064] The above termination condition can be set in various ways. For example, the following condition can be a termination condition.
[0065] 1) Fixed number of repetitions
[0066] 2) Reach the fixed operation time
[0067] 3) J k -J k+1 If this is within the specified value, then k+1 corresponds to within the specified number of iterations of 1).
[0068] Cost (J n ) and state(x n If ) corresponds to the termination condition, the reference value generation unit (130) generates the cost (J n ) and state(x n ) minimum cost(J opt ) and optimal state (x opt It can be derived as ). And J opt When is derived, the reference value generation unit (130) at this time is the state x opt t+1, t+2..., t+N included in p Optimal battery charge amount (SOC during opt It can be calculated as (S360).
[0069] If, in this case, Np is set to the total driving time, the target battery charge amount (SOC), which is the control reference value for the entire driving section, ref You can obtain ).
[0070] Figure 4 is a result obtained through a method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0071] Figure 4(a) shows the target fuel cell output according to distance for each repetition of steps S330, S340, and S350, and Figure 4(b) shows the SOC according to distance for each repetition of steps S330, S340, and S350. As shown in Figure 4, as the above process (S330, S340, S350) is repeated, the initial SOC and the final SOC become identical, and the final cost decreases, resulting in the target battery charge amount for the entire driving section, battery charge amount, and SOC. ref It can be confirmed that it derives.
[0072] Meanwhile, the driving road may change due to the driver's decision or navigation guidance based on traffic conditions, and even on the same driving road, the average travel speed per section changes in real time, so steps S220 through S240 may be repeated at regular intervals.
[0073] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a computing environment including a computing device related to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0074] In the illustrated embodiment, each component may have different functions and capabilities in addition to those described below, and may include additional components in addition to those not described below. The illustrated computing environment includes a computing device (200), and the computing device (200) may be one or more components included in the device illustrated in FIG. 1.
[0075] A computing device (200) may include at least one processor (210) and a memory (220) that stores one or more programs executed by the one or more processors (210).
[0076] The processor (210) can enable the computing device (200) to operate according to the exemplary embodiment mentioned above. For example, the processor (210) can execute one or more programs stored in computer-readable memory (220).
[0077] The above one or more programs may include one or more computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions may be configured to cause the computing device (200) to perform operations according to exemplary embodiments when executed by the processor (210).
[0078] As described above, the method and apparatus for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention can minimize the fuel consumption of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle by receiving traffic information in real time.
[0079] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a power distribution control reference value for controlling a fuel cell hybrid vehicle can be generated independently and applied to actual road conditions.
[0080] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to apply it to various vehicles, such as passenger cars, not just commercial vehicles traveling along a predetermined route.
[0081] The method and apparatus for generating reference values for power distribution control of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle described above are not limited to the configurations and methods of the embodiments described above; rather, all or part of each embodiment may be selectively combined to allow for various modifications to the embodiments.
Claims
1. A step of acquiring real-time traffic information regarding the driving section of the target vehicle; and A method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by including the step of generating a battery SOC (State of Charge) trajectory using the specifications of the target vehicle and the real-time traffic information.
2. In Paragraph 1, A method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized in that the above real-time traffic information includes at least one of the average travel speed per section of the driving road and the gradient per section of the driving road.
3. In paragraph 2, the step of generating the battery SOC trajectory A step of calculating the electrical energy required to drive the target vehicle using the specifications of the target vehicle and the real-time traffic information; A step of specifying the target output of the fuel cell for a future point in time; and A method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by including the step of calculating a state value including the cost required to drive the target vehicle and the battery SOC corresponding to the future point in time by using the specified target output and the real-time traffic information as inputs to a plant model.
4. In paragraph 3, the step of generating the battery SOC trajectory A step of checking whether the above-calculated cost and status values correspond to the termination conditions; If the above calculated cost and status values correspond to the termination condition, Based on the above-calculated cost and state values, generate the final battery SOC corresponding to the above-determined future point in time, and If the above calculated cost and status values do not correspond to the termination conditions, A method for generating power distribution control reference values for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by further including the step of generating a new target output of the fuel cell for a future point in time using the above-determined cost and state values as inputs to an optimization model.
5. In paragraph 3, the step of generating the battery SOC trajectory A step of newly designating the generated new target output as the target output for a future point in time; A step of recalculating a state value including the cost required to drive the target vehicle and the battery SOC corresponding to the future point in time by using the newly designated target output and the real-time traffic information as inputs to the plant model; A step of verifying whether the above-mentioned recalculated cost and status values correspond to the termination condition; and A method for generating reference values for power distribution control of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by repeating the step of generating a new target output of a fuel cell for a future point in time using the recalculated cost and state values as inputs to an optimization model until the recalculated cost and state values correspond to a termination condition.
6. In Paragraph 5, the above costs A method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by being calculated using a fuel consumption correction function for the fuel consumption amount and the deviation between the initial SOC and the final SOC during the above future time point.
7. In Paragraph 5, The above termination condition is If the difference between the currently calculated cost and the previously calculated cost is within a predetermined value, If it is derived repeatedly a specified number of times, A method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by including at least one case in which a specified operation time is reached.
8. In paragraph 5, the method for generating a power distribution control reference value of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle A method for generating a power distribution control reference value for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by including a step of determining a power distribution ratio between a fuel cell and a battery based on the battery final SOC generated above.
9. A traffic information acquisition unit that acquires real-time traffic information for the driving section of a target vehicle; A reference value generation unit that generates a battery SOC (State of Charge) trajectory using the specifications of the target vehicle and the real-time traffic information; and A power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by including a control unit that controls the above-mentioned traffic information acquisition unit and the above-mentioned reference value generation unit.
10. In Paragraph 9, A device for generating power distribution control reference values for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized in that the above real-time traffic information includes at least one of the average travel speed per section of the driving road and the gradient per section of the driving road.
11. In Clause 10, the above reference value generating unit Calculate the electrical energy required to drive the target vehicle using the specifications of the target vehicle and the real-time traffic information, and Specify the target output of the fuel cell for a future point in time, and A power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by using the aforementioned designated target output and the aforementioned real-time traffic information as inputs to a plant model to calculate a state value including the cost required to drive the target vehicle and the battery SOC corresponding to the aforementioned future point in time.
12. In Clause 11, the reference value generating unit Check whether the above calculated cost and status values correspond to the termination conditions, and If the above calculated cost and status values correspond to the termination condition, Based on the above-calculated cost and state values, generate the final battery SOC corresponding to the above-determined future point in time, and If the above calculated cost and status values do not correspond to the termination conditions, A power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by using the above-determined cost and state values as inputs to an optimization model to generate a new target output of the fuel cell for a future point in time.
13. In Clause 11, the reference value generating unit The newly generated target output above is newly designated as the target output for a future point in time, and Using the newly designated target output and the real-time traffic information as inputs to the plant model, a state value including the cost required to drive the target vehicle and the battery SOC corresponding to the future point in time is recalculated, and Check whether the above recalculated cost and status values correspond to the termination conditions, and A power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by repeatedly performing the step of generating a new target output of the fuel cell for a future point in time using the above-recalculated cost and state values as inputs to an optimization model until the above-calculated cost and state values correspond to a termination condition.
14. In Paragraph 13, X-ray image-based osteoporosis prediction method in which the encoder is trained such that when one segmented image and two selected images among a plurality of augmented images augmented from the one segmented image are input to the encoder, the distance between feature maps for the two selected images output from the encoder is minimized.
15. In paragraph 13, the power distribution control reference value generating device of the fuel cell hybrid vehicle A power distribution control reference value generation device for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, characterized by including a power distribution unit that determines the power distribution ratio between the fuel cell and the battery based on the battery final SOC generated above.