Development of high-performance immune activation reporter cell lines
Genetically engineered immune activation reporter cells with AP-1 and CD28 domains enhance sensitivity and accuracy in detecting immune cell activation, addressing the limitations of existing NFAT reporters by providing robust luminescence signals for immunotherapy potency testing.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI BIOLOGICS (SHANGHAI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing NFAT reporter cells are not sensitive enough to detect weak antigen-expressing APCs and weaker immunomodulatory agents, and general reporter models lack robustness and precision in responding to CD28-dependent co-stimulation, leading to biased immune responses and inaccurate data.
Development of genetically engineered immune activation reporter cells with tandem repeats of AP-1 and CD28 co-stimulation binding domains, coupled with TATA box motif minimal promoters, to enhance luciferase reporter gene expression, allowing sensitive and accurate detection of immune cell activation and inhibition.
The reporter cells provide robust and sensitive luminescence signals for weak immune-modulating events, reducing dependence on advanced readers and enabling precise potency testing of immunotherapy agents.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025116660-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025116660-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025116660-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE IMMUNE ACTIVATION REPORTER CELL LINES
[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] The present disclosure claims the benefit and priority of the PCT application titled "DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE IMMUNE ACTIVATION REPORTER CELL LINES" filed on December 13, 2024 under PCT / CN2024 / 139354. The entire content of this PCT application, including any sequence listings and drawings, is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[0003] SEQUENCE LISTING
[0004] The present disclosure contains a sequence listing ( "CIE25S0126PCT-ST26. xml, " created on August 25, 2025, using the "WIPOSequence" software in accordance with WIPO Standard ST. 26, with a size of 23, 879 bytes) . The sequence listing is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Pursuant to WIPO Standard ST. 26, the symbol "t" is used to represent both T in DNA and U in RNA. Therefore, in the sequence listing prepared in accordance with ST. 26, in any case where the sequence is RNA, T in the sequence should be interpreted as U.FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present disclosure relates to high-performance immune-activation reporter cell line set, and their use in in-vitro cell-based functional assays for mechanism of action-reflective characterization, potency test of immunomodulatory agents.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0006] NFAT reporter cells are engineered to contain a reporter gene under the control of NFAT response elements (REs) . Activation of T cells leads to the activation and nuclear translocation of NFAT, which then binds to these response elements and drives the expression of the reporter gene, such as a fluorescent protein. This allows researchers to monitor T cell activation by measuring the activity of the reporter gene. However, when assaying the low antigen-expressing APCs and / or weaker immunomodulatory agents, response signals generated from general NFAT reporter cells are often not robust enough to be readout by general multi-mode plate readers. Furthermore, responding capability to the weak CD28-dependent co-stimulation is lacking for general NFAT reporters. Therefore, the more sensitive readers are required to acquire confident data. On the other hand, general reporter models usually adopt each individual transcription factor (e.g. NFAT) RE sequences to respond immuno-modulating effect and potency. This has potential risk of being biased from revealing native interplay of various immune TFs binding and responses triggered by native promoters.
[0007] General implementation by simultaneous transfection of multiple DNA cassettes / plasmids into host cell genome, is not able to control precisely the performance derived from each individual component function, top clones are selected based on the combined functional effect of all genetic components.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] To overcome these issues, the inventors developed genetically engineered in-vitro immune activation responder cell reporter model set, which enable sensitive and signal-enhanced bioassay performance to reflect and evaluate adaptive immune cell activation / inhibition regulated by the immune receptors CD3, co-stimulatory CD28 and related signaling pathways, and avoid responding bias triggered by particular transcription factor (see Figure 1 for immune activation mechanism of the described reporter cell model) . Developed reporter cell system can be applied for characterization of novel immunomodulatory agents, and potency testing of various immunotherapy biologics for cancer, autoimmune, inflammation or other related diseases. An aspect of the invention provides high-performance in-vitro immune-activation reporter cell models.
[0009] In one embodiment, the high-performance in-vitro immune-activation reporter cell model is developed by stably transducing native response element (RE) sequences with tandem repeats of immune-inducible AP-1 and the adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding domains, and coupled with the TATA box motif minimal promoter sequences-driven luciferase reporter genes, into the genome of Jurkat base cell line.
[0010] When compared with counterpart reporters, the developed immune cell reporter model can respond promptly and robustly with more potent Luminescence signal strength and higher sensitivity upon binding of the activated immune TFs to AP-1 and the adjacent CD28 co-stimulation RE sequences, and efficient transcriptional expression of the Reporter Firefly Luciferase driven by the co-assembled TATA promoter. When treated by the APC-targeted modulation of immune-agents, this reporter model can not only report the NFAT-responsive activation potency with superior signal strength, sensitivity, accuracy and wide assay window; it has unique capability to respond the weak CD28-triggered co-stimulation with clear resolution of signal strength. The reporter model would potentially be a valuable tool to assay weak immune-modulating events; and has no dependence on advanced Luminescence readers of high sensitivity based on its potent signal generation, even for assaying weak CD28-triggered co-stimulation potency.
[0011] In another embodiment, as a complementary reporter assay to evaluate any immune responding bias by particular transcription factor, e.g. AP-1-, NFAT-based reporters, native responding-mimic in-vitro immune-activation reporter cell model is developed by stably integrating the native regulatory and promoter sequence region of human IL-2 gene, and the transcription-driven downstream luciferase reporter, into the genome of Jurkat base line by Lentivirial transfection. As an integrated reporter assay to evaluate any immune responding bias by particular TF-responding, e.g. AP-1-, NFAT-based reporters, this developed IL-2 immune reporter model has the potential to evaluate the interplay of various core TFs-triggered responses (NFAT, AP-1, Oct-1, EGR1 et al) , and native IL-2 promoter-initiated expression of the downstream gene Luciferase; therefore can be a complementary assay to evaluate suitability of any particular TF-triggered reporter assay for potency testing / comparison of various immunotherapy agents.
[0012] Thus in another embodiment, a reporter cell system comprising the high-performance in-vitro immune-activation reporter cell model and the native responding-mimic in-vitro immune-activation reporter cell model is provided herein to test immune-modulating potency of T-cell engager or similar-mechanism biologics, which can be a suitable reporter model to indicate the native responding profile of these agents.
[0013] Another aspect of the invention provides a controllable engineer method for functional cell line comprising sequential transfection of multiple genetic components and selection of top clones via cumulative high-function from each corresponding components.
[0014] Thus, in an aspect, the present invention provides a nucleic acid construct comprising one or more response elements operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter; wherein the one or more response elements are consisting of 6 copies of AP-1 and adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding elements. In some embodiments, the one or more response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements operatively linked to the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
[0015] The present invention also provides a nucleic acid construct comprising one or more response elements operatively linked to a minimal IL-2 promoter; wherein the one or more response elements are consisting of 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1. In some embodiments, the one or more response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 15. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements operatively linked to the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0016] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a reporter cell comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a reporter protein under the control of one or more response elements, wherein the one or more response elements are operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter; wherein the one or more response elements are consisting of 6 copies of AP-1 and adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding elements. In some embodiments, the one or more response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements operatively linked to the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. In some embodiments, the one or more response elements and the TATA box motif promoter are located upstream of the reporter protein.
[0017] The present invention also provides a reporter cell comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a reporter protein under the control of one or more response elements, wherein the one or more response elements are operatively linked to a minimal IL-2 promoter; wherein the one or more response elements are consisting of 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1. In some embodiments, the one or more response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 15. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13. In some particular embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements operatively linked to the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the one or more response elements and the minimal IL-2 promoter are located upstream of the reporter protein.
[0018] In some embodiments, the reporter protein is a fluorescent protein or a luminescent protein; preferably, the reporter protein is luciferase.
[0019] In some embodiments, the reporter cell is a reporter T cell; preferably, the T cell is a Jurkat cell. In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a reporter cell system comprising a first reporter cell and a second reporter cell,
[0020] wherein the first reporter cell comprising a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a first reporter protein under the control of a first set of response elements, wherein the first set of response elements are operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter, and wherein the first set of response elements are consisting of 6 copies of AP-1 and adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding elements;
[0021] wherein the second reporter cell comprising a second polynucleotide sequence encoding a second reporter protein under the control of a second set of response elements, wherein the second set of response elements are operatively linked to a minimal IL-2 promoter, and wherein the second set of response elements are consisting of 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1.
[0022] In some embodiments, the first set of response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2. In some embodiments, the second set of response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2.
[0023] In some embodiments, the sequence of the first set of response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14, the sequence of the second set of response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 15.
[0024] In some embodiments, the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12, the sequence of the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13.
[0025] In some embodiments, the reporter protein is a fluorescent protein or a luminescent protein; preferably, the reporter protein is luciferase.
[0026] In some embodiments, the first set of response elements and the TATA box motif promoter are located upstream of the reporter protein. In some embodiments, the second set of response elements and the minimal IL-2 promoter are located upstream of the reporter protein.
[0027] In some embodiments, the reporter cell is a reporter T cell; preferably, the T cell is a Jurkat cell.
[0028] In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides an in vitro method for identifying an immunomodulatory agent that regulates T cell activation, comprising:
[0029] a) contacting the immunomodulatory agent with a target antigen and the reporter cell or the reporter cell system disclosed herein; and b) detecting expression of the reporter protein or the reporter cell system.
[0030] In some embodiments, the target antigen is presented on the antigen-presenting cell.
[0031] In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides an in vitro method for determining a relative potency of an immunomodulatory agent, comprising:
[0032] a) contacting a known concentration of the immunomodulatory agent with a target antigen and the reporter cell or the reporter cell system disclosed herein; b) comparing the resulting level of reporter protein expression in a) , with the level of reporter protein expression resulting from contacting a known concentration of a reference immunomodulatory agent with the target antigen and the reporter cell or the reporter cell system in a) ; and c) obtaining a measure of the relative potency of the immunomodulatory agent.
[0033] In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a controllable engineer method for a functional cell line, sequentially comprising the following steps:
[0034] i) obtaining a reporter cell pool by transfection with a first genetic component, wherein the first genetic component comprises a polynucleotide sequence encoding a reporter protein under the control of one or more response elements operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter; ii) screening and selecting reporter cell clones from the reporter cell pool obtained in i) with high performance based on T cell-engaged activation assay activity; iii) obtaining a functional cell pool by precise integration of a second genetic component into the reporter cell clones selected in ii) , wherein the second genetic component comprises a function-related receptor gene; and iv) screening and selecting the functional cell clones from the functional cell pool obtained in iii) with high performance.
[0035] In some embodiments, the one or more response elements are consisting of NFAT response element sequence in tandem repeats. In some embodiments, the sequence of the one or more response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 3.
[0036] In some embodiments, the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12.
[0037] In some embodiments, the reporter protein is a fluorescent protein or a luminescent protein; preferably, the reporter protein is luciferase.
[0038] In some embodiments, the reporter cell is a reporter T cell; preferably, the T cell is a Jurkat cell.
[0039] In some embodiments, the precise integration of a second genetic component is achieved by CRISPR / Cas9 technology.
[0040] In some embodiments, the function-related receptor gene is the gene CD16 and the functional cell with high performance is screened and selected by based on the ADCC potency.
[0041] In yet another aspect, a functional cell resulted from the engineer method described above is also provided in the present invention.
[0042] Any embodiment of any aspect can be combined with any embodiment of any other aspect without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] Figure 1 shows MoA schematic of the reporter cell model of the present invention. The reporter cell model of the present invention are developed by stably transducing native response element (RE) sequences, which are derived from the core IL-2 minimal promoter region, into the genome of Jurkat base cell. When co-localized with the antigen-presenting cells APCs (e.g. cancer cell) , and treated with T-cell engager agents, the reporter cell model can be robustly activated via expression of the reporter gene Luciferase upon triggering the immune receptors CD3 with / without co-stimulatory CD28. The reporter cell model can generate potent signal strength and sensitive response without dependence on advanced plate readers.
[0044] Figure 2 shows the map of the vector pGWLV13.
[0045] Figure 3 shows the surface expression analysis of CD3, CD28 receptors on Jurkat cell by Flow Cytometry.
[0046] Figure 4 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of accuracy, precision study.
[0047] Figure 5 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of sensitivity, signal strength and assay window.
[0048] Figure 6 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of sensitivity and signal strength.
[0049] Figure 7 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of specificity.
[0050] Figure 8 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of CD28 co-stimulation.
[0051] Figure 9 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of CD28 co-stimulation.
[0052] Figure 10 shows reporter model-1 assay performance in terms of CD28 co-stimulation.
[0053] Figure 11 shows reporter model-2 assay performance in terms of specificity (figure 11A) , sensitivity and linearity (figure 11B) .
[0054] Figure 12 shows reporter model-2 complementary assay to evaluate NFAT reporter bias.
[0055] Figure 13 shows ADCC Reporter model assay performance.
[0056] Figure 14 shows the map of the vector pUC-GW-Kan.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0057] Before the present disclosure is further described, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to particular embodiments described, as such may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present disclosure will be limited only by the claims.
[0058] DEFINITIONS
[0059] The term “immunomodulatory agent” refers to substances that regulate the immune system’s response. They play a crucial role in various clinical applications, contributing to the treatment of various diseases by either enhancing or suppressing the immune response. The immunomodulatory agents are a diverse group of compounds that can significantly influence the immune system, offering therapeutic benefits in a range of diseases from infections and autoimmune conditions to cancers. In particular embodiments of the present invention, the immunomodulatory agent may be Blinatumomab, Rituximab, or IgG biologics.
[0060] The term “potency” means the ability of an immunomodulatory agent to achieve a desired effect, and is a measurement of its therapeutic efficacy. Potency may be assessed using methods known to one skilled in the art.
[0061] As used herein, a “reporter protein” means a protein whose expression can be assayed. In one preferred embodiment a “reporter protein” is a protein whose production and detection is used as a surrogate to detect indirectly the activity of the antibody or ligand to be tested. The reporter protein is that protein encoded by the reporter gene. The “reporter gene” refers to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a reporter protein, the presence or activity of which can be detected or measured, operably linked to a promoter and, optionally, to an activated reporter cell response element. Preferably, the reporter gene encodes an enzyme whose catalytic activity can be detected by a simple assay method or a protein with a property such as intrinsic fluorescence or luminescence so that expression of the reporter gene can be detected in a simple and rapid assay requiring minimal sample preparation. Examples of suitable reporter proteins include, but are not limited to, fluorescent molecules, such as fluorescent proteins, luminescent molecules, such as luminescent proteins, chemiluminescent molecules, such as chemiluminescent proteins, and enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase or beta-galactosidase. One example of a luminescent protein is luciferase. Luciferases are a class of luminescent proteins that are derived from many sources and include firefly luciferase (from the species, Photinus pyralis) , Renilla luciferase from sea pansy (Renilla reniformis) , click beetle luciferase (from Pyrearinus termitilluminans) , marine copepod Gaussia luciferase (from Gaussia princeps) , and deep sea shrimp Nano luciferase (from Oplophorus gracilirostris) . Firefly luciferase catalyzes the oxygenation of luciferin to oxyluciferin, resulting in the emission of a photon of light, while other luciferases, such as Renilla, emit light by catalyzing the oxygenation of coelenterazine. The wavelength of light emitted by different luciferase forms and variants can be read using different filter systems, which facilitates multiplexing. The amount of luminescence is proportional to the amount of luciferase expressed in the cell. Luciferase reporter assays are commercially available and known in the art.
[0062] “T cell activation” as used herein refers to one or more cellular response of a T lymphocyte, particularly a cytotoxic T lymphocyte, selected from: proliferation, differentiation, cytokine secretion, cytotoxic effector molecule release, cytotoxic activity, and expression of activation markers. The immunomodulatory agents as described herein are capable of inducing T cell activation. Suitable assays to measure T cell activation are known in the art and described herein.
[0063] A “target antigen” as used herein refers to an antigenic determinant presented on the surface of a target cell. In some aspects, the antigen may be immobilized to a surface, such as a plate (e.g., a microtiter plate) , or a bead (e.g., a latex bead) .
[0064] A “response element” refers to a specific transcription factor binding element, or cis acting element which can be activated or silenced on binding of a certain transcription factor. In one embodiment the response element is a cis-acting enhancer element located upstream of a minimal promotor (e.g. a TATA box promotor) which drives expression of the reporter gene upon transcription factor binding. Examples of such response elements include, but are not limited to, an NFAT gene response element, an AP-1 gene response element, an NFKB gene response element, a FOXO gene response element, a STAT3 gene response element, a STAT5 gene response element, and an IRF gene response element. Response elements may be arranged as tandem repeats (such as about any of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more tandem repeats) , which may increase the responsiveness of an operably linked promoter or gene. A response element (s) may be positioned 5’ or 3’ to the reporter gene. A response element (s) may be located at a site 5’ from the promoter. The term “operably linked” refers to the relative positioning, with or without intervening sequence such as a spacer or linker sequence, of two or more nucleotide sequences, so that they are in a relationship wherein an event (i.e., binding of a molecule) at one or more nucleotide sequences causes an effect at one or more different nucleotide sequences. For example, a promoter that is operably linked to a coding sequence, such as an open reading frame, can drive expression of the coding sequence. Such a coding sequence may also be referred to as “being under control of’ , or “controlled by” , the promoter. As a further example, a response element operably linked to a coding sequence, or a promoter driving expression of the coding sequence, will allow or enhance expression of the linked coding sequence.
[0065] The term "transfection" encompasses a variety of techniques commonly used for the introduction of exogenous nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) into a host cell, e.g., electroporation, calcium-phosphate precipitation, lipofection, DEAE-dextran transfection and the like.
[0066] The following examples are offered to illustrate but not to limit the invention. In order to facilitate understanding, the specific embodiments are provided to help interpret the technical proposal, that is, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes, but not in any way to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, embodiments do not indicate the specific conditions, are in accordance with the conventional conditions or the manufacturer's recommended conditions.
[0067] MATERIALS
[0068] 1. Cell line ID and sources used in the present disclosure are listed below:
[0069] Jurkat wild type: Clone E6-1, ATCC TIB-152TM; Raji wild type: ATCC CCL-86TM.
[0070] 2. Experiment equipments used in the present disclosure are listed below:
[0071] Biosafety hood: Labconco / Logic+ (6A2) ; CO2 Incubator: Thermo Scientific / HERACELL 240i; Microscope: Nikon / TS2FL; Centrifuge: Eppendorf / Centrifuge 5810R; Cell Counter: Beckman Coolter / Vi-CellTM XR; Water Bath: Thermo Scientific / SC100-S21; Pharmacy Refrigerator: Panasonic / MPR-514-PC; Flow Cytometry System: BD Biosciences / Canto II; Microplate Reader: Molecular Devices / SpectraMax M5e; Electroporation System: Thermo NeonTM Transfection System.
[0072] 3. Experiment reagents used in the present disclosure are listed below:
[0073] RPMI 1640 Medium: Gibco / A1049101; HI-FBS: Gibco / A5669501; DPBS: Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline / 21-031-CV; Puromycin Selective Antibiotic (10mg / ml) : InvivoGen / ant-pr-1; GeneticinTM Selective Antibiotic (G418) (50mg / ml) : Gibco / 10131-027; Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) : SIGMA / D2650-100mL; PE anti-human CD19 Antibody: Biolegend / 363004; APC anti-human CD3 Antibody: Biolegend / 317318; APC anti-human CD28 Antibody: Biolegend / 302912 and 302902; PE anti-human CD16 Antibody: Biolegend / 302008; DynabeadsTM Human T-Activator CD3 / CD28: Gibco / 11161D; Bio-GloTM Luciferase Assay System: Promega / G7940; 96 well culture plate: Thermo Scientific / 163320; BeyoGoldTM 96-Well White Opaque Plate: Beyotime / FCP968; NeonTM 100μL Kit including Buffer R: Thermo ScientificTM / MPK10025; Plasmid-CD16: Synthesis service provided by Azenta Life Sciences; Cas9 reagent: Thermo ScientificTM / A36498; PPP1R12C gRNAs: Synthesis service provided by GenScript; CD19 gRNA 1-4: Synthesis service provided by GenScript.
[0074] 4. Sequences used in the present disclosure are listed in Table 1
[0075] Table 1
[0076] METHODS
[0077] 1. Cell Culture medium / reagent preparation
[0078] RPMI1640 cell culture medium: 55mL of Hi-FBS (10%) is added to 500mL of RPMI 1640 Medium (90%) , and mixed well.
[0079] Antibiotic selection (Puromycin) medium: 22.2μL Puromycin is added to 550mL RPMI1640 cell culture medium with a final concentration of 0.4μg / mL antibiotic.
[0080] Antibiotic selection (G418) medium: 11mL G418 is added to 550mL RPMI1640 cell culture medium with a final concentration of 1mg / mL antibiotic.
[0081] Cell cryopreservation medium: 10mL of Hi-FBS (20%) and 5mL DMSO (10%) are added to 35mL RPMI 1640 base medium (70%) , and mixed well.
[0082] Cell Staining Buffer: 10mL of Hi-FBS (2%) is added to 500mL of DPBS buffer, and mixed well. Bio-GloTM Luciferase assay solution: the Bio-GloTM Luciferase assay buffer (100mL) is thawed and equilibrated to ambient temperature, protected from light. The Assay Buffer is transferred into the amber bottle containing the Luciferase Assay Substrate, and mixed by inversion until the substrate is thoroughly dissolved. The reconstituted Reagent is dispensed into 10ml aliquots and store at -20℃.
[0083] 2. Plasmid preparation / Lentivirus packaging
[0084] Sequence synthesis and plasmid preparation: the coding sequence fragment for the genes including CD16 (SEQ ID NO: 11) were synthesized, and cloned into the vector pUC-GW-Kan (plasmid map as shown in Figure 14) via PCR cloning, followed by amplification, plasmid extraction and midi-scale preparation. The service was provided by AZENTA Life Sciences. Sequence synthesis and Lentivirus packaging: the designed sequence fragments for Reporter model-1, model-2 and NFAT responding genetic unit (SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 and 3) were synthesized, and cloned into the vector pGWLV13 (shown in the diagram of Figure 2) via PCR cloning, followed by amplification, plasmid extraction and lentiviral packaging. The service was provided by AZENTA Life Sciences.
[0085] 3. Jurkat cell Lentivirus transfection and polyclone pool cell generation for development of Reporter model-1, model-2 and NFAT responder lines
[0086] RPMI1640 Cell Culture Medium and DPBS was pre-warmed in 37℃ and water bathed for 15 minutes before starting the transfection procedure.
[0087] The Jurkat cells were transferred from T-75 flask culture to a 50-mL conical tube, and centrifuged with 130× g for 10 minutes at room temperature (RT) to collect cells. The supernatant was discarded aseptically without disturbing the cell pellet. The cell pellet was re-suspended in 6 mL pre-warmed RPMI1640 culture medium and 0.6 mL of the medium was removed for counting by Vi-cell. According to cell counting result, proper volume was calculated for needed cell number (4E6 cells) . The cells of 4E6 total number were transferred to a 15-mL conical tube. Fresh culture medium was added to fill 4 mL of cell suspension.
[0088] New T-75 Flask pre-filled with 10 mL fresh culture medium was prepared and pre-incubated in a 37℃, 5%CO2 humidified incubator. Lentivirus reagents (Reporter model-1, model-2 and NFAT responder lines, respectively) were prepared as Table 2 below, mixed with the cell suspension (4E6 total number) and incubated for 10 minutes at RT.
[0089] Table 2
[0090] The cells and lentivirus Mix were transferred to the pre-warmed T75 Flask. The flask was gently rocked to ensure even distribution and the plate was marked. The flask was placed in a 37℃, 5%CO2 humidified incubator. The Lentivirus-transfected cells were exchanged with fresh culture medium after overnight incubation. After about 48-hour recovery, antibiotic selection (Puromycin) medium was applied to the transfected cell culture. The fresh selection medium was exchanged twice per week to enrich the stably transfected cells for two to three weeks. Antibiotic selected pool cells were characterized by Flow cytometry test and the Reporter functional assays.
[0091] 4. Monocloning and top clone selection
[0092] The functionally verified polyclone pool cells were transferred from T-75 flask culture to a 50-mL conical tube, and centrifuged with 130× g for 10 minutes at RT to collect cells. The supernatant was discarded aseptically without disturbing the cell pellet. The cell pellet was re-suspended in 6 mL pre-warmed RPMI1640 culture medium and 0.6 mL of the medium was removed for counting by Vi-cell. According to cell counting result, proper volume was calculated for needed cell number. Serial cell dilutions were prepared with fresh RPMI1640 culture medium to a final concentration of 2 cells / mL solution according to the Table 3 below, which was used to seed 96-well culture plate for clone development.
[0093] Table 3
[0094] 250μL of the cell solution (2 cells / mL conc. ) was transferred into each well of a 96-well plate for a total 4x plates. The cell density was 0.5 cells / well which maximizes the likelihood of one single cell plated per well. The plates were placed in a 37℃, 5%CO2 humidified incubator for growth. The clone growth of the 96-well plates were observed, and the wells with obvious cell expansion were marked weekly.
[0095] Each of outgrown clone cells were transferred to one well of a 6-well plate, and 4mL of fresh culture medium was added for clone expansion. Once the clone cell culture expands to the density range of 1-2E6 / mL, reporter functional assays and / or flow test for CD16 expression were performed to screen and the clones of high performance were selected.
[0096] 5. CRISPR / Cas9-guided site-specific integration of CD16 for development of ADCC reporter line 10μg of plasmid-CD16 was prepared and diluted with Buffer R for a total volume of 30 μL. the mixture of gRNA and cas9 protein was prepared as Table 4 below and incubated at RT for 20 min.
[0097] Table 4
[0098] NFAT responder cell was prepared. The NFAT responding unit-containing clone cells were transferred from T-75 flask culture to a 50-mL conical tube, and centrifuged with 130× g for 10 minutes at room temperature (RT) to collect cells. The supernatant was discarded aseptically. The cell pellet re-suspended in 6 mL pre-warmed RPMI1640 culture medium and 0.6 mL of the medium was removed for counting by Vi-cell. According to cell counting result, proper volume was calculated for needed cell number (1E6 cells) .
[0099] The cells of 1E6 total number were transferred to a 15-mL conical tube, and centrifuged again to collect cell pellet. 40μL Buffer R was added to re-suspended and the cell solution was prepared. Cell electroporation was performed as follows. The plasmid, gRNA / Cas9 protein and the cells were mixed together in a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube.
[0100] The electroporation was performed according to the NeonTM Transfection System User Manual. Operation parameters were stated as Table 5 below.
[0101] Table 5
[0102] After electroporation, the cells were immediately transferred to one well of a 6-well culture plate filled with 3mL pre-warmed RPMI1640 culture medium. The plate was gently rocked to ensure even distribution of the cells and the plate was marked. The cell culture plate was placed in a 37℃, 5%CO2 humidified incubator. After about one-week recovery, antibiotic selection (G418) medium was applied to the transfected cell culture. The fresh selection medium was exchanged twice per week to enrich the CD16-stably integrated cells for two to three weeks. Antibiotic selected pool cells were characterized by Flow test for CD16 expression and ADCC functional assay.
[0103] Monocloning was performed according to the procedure as described above. Once the clone cell culture expands to the density range of 1-2E6 / mL, ADCC functional assay and the flow test for CD16 expression were performed to screen and select the clones of high performance.
[0104] 6. Raji cell CD19 knockout line development
[0105] Knockout phase-1 was performed as follows. Mixture of gRNAs and cas9 protein was prepared as Table 6 below and incubated at RT for 20 min.
[0106] Table 6
[0107] 2E5 wild type Raji cells were prepared and collected by centrifugation according to the cell prep procedure as described above. 5μL Buffer R was added to re-suspend and the cell solution was prepared.
[0108] Cell electroporation was performed as follows. The gRNA / Cas9 protein and the cells were mixed together in a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube gently. The electroporation was performed according to the NeonTM Transfection System User Manual. Operation parameters were stated as Table 7 below.
[0109] Table 7
[0110] After electroporation, the cells were immediately transfer to one well of a 24-well culture plate filled with 1mL pre-warmed RPMI1640 culture medium. The cell culture plate was placed in a 37℃, 5%CO2 humidified incubator. After about one-week recovery, the cells were phenotyped for absence of the CD19 surface expression by Flow cytometry.
[0111] Until the outgrowth of enough cell number (1E6) , phase-2 knockout was performed according to the procedure described for the Phase-1. Mixture of gRNAs and cas9 protein was prepared as Table 8.
[0112] Table 8
[0113] After about one-week recovery, the cells were phenotyped for CD19 knockout by Flow cytometry test. Monocloning was performed according to the procedure as described above. Outgrown clone cells were screened and selected by absence of the CD19 surface expression by Flow phenotyping test.
[0114] 7. Flow cytometry analysis
[0115] Test cell suspension was prepared in staining buffer with the concentration of 1E7 No. / mL. The cells were transferred to a 96-well plate with 1E6 cells in 100 μL staining buffer per well. A suggested volume of Biolegend antibodies (5μL / 1E6 cells) were added to each well and mixed well. The cell plate was incubated at 2-8℃ fridge for 30 minutes in the dark.
[0116] The stained cells were centrifuged at 160x g and 4℃ for 6 min to collect, and washed twice with 200μL of Staining buffer by centrifugation (if not stated, the same condition applied further) .
[0117] The stained cells re-suspended in 100μL of fresh Staining buffer per well. The Flow cytometer system was turned on and run Startup procedure as the Manual guide. Negative Control cell sample was run to optimize cytometer setting: adjusting FSC and SSC voltages to fit cell distribution, adjusting each fluorescent voltage to set mean of MFI close to 30. The stained cell samples were run and data with the optimized cytometer parameters was recorded. The cytometer system was turned off and run Shutdown procedure as the Manual guide.
[0118] 8. Reporter activation functional assay-T-Activator CD3 beads
[0119] A serial diluted solutions of the T-Activator beads and the reporter cell suspension were prepared using cell culture medium, in parallel as the below Table 9.
[0120] Table 9
[0121] The 25μL / well bead solutions of serial dilution was placed in duplicate to a 96-well cell culture plate. 25μL / well of the cell solutions and 50μL / well of fresh culture medium were added carefully to the plate accordingly. After gently shaking the plate with a plate shaker at RT for a few minutes, the plate was incubated in the 37℃ 5%CO2 incubator for 4-5 hours.
[0122] Plate Luminescence Read was performed as follows. An aliquot of 10mL Bio-GloTM Luciferase Assay solution was fully thawed and equilibrated at RT on the day of use (at least 2 hours) avoiding from light, before applied for Luminescence readout. The cell plate was removed from CO2 incubator, and equilibrated for 15 min at RT. 100 μL of the Luciferase Assay solution was transferred into each well of the cell plate, pipetting up and down vigorously to lyse cells. The 96 well plate was gently shake and incubated with a plate shaker at RT for 10-15 min, while protecting from the light. 100 μL / well of the mixture was transferred to a white flat-bottom 96-well assay plate (change tips each time) , and the plate was read within 60 min. The assay plate was placed into the Microplate reader for Luminescence reading.
[0123] The Instrument settings as below Table 10.
[0124] Table 10
[0125] Data analysis and figure plotting was carried out by using a four-parameter logistic algorithm for curve-fitting on the Y-axis and Ratio of Bead-to-Cell on the X-axis.
[0126] 9. T-Cell engager reporter functional assay (CD3 stimulation and / or CD28 co-stimulation) by Blinatumomab without / with CD28 antagonist Lulizumab
[0127] Blinatumomab serial dilution was prepared as below Table 11.
[0128] Table 11
[0129] The target (Raji wt) and effector / reporter cell suspensions were prepared with fresh RPMI1640 culture medium to a concentration of 2E6 cells / mL, individually. 25μL / well of each cell solution (mix ratio of target and effector cells: 1: 1) and 50μL / well of freshly prepared Blinatumomab dilutions were added to the plate in duplicate accordingly, without / with CD28 antagonist Lulizumab of 0.5μg / mL working concentration.
[0130] 96-well plate reporter assay setup was as below Table 12.
[0131] Table 12
[0132] After gently shaking the plate with a plate shaker at RT for a few minutes, the plate was incubated in the 37℃ CO2 (5%) culture incubator for 4-5 hours. Plate luminescence reading was performed according to the procedure as described above. Data analysis and figure plotting was carried out by using a four-parameter logistic algorithm for curve-fitting on the Y-axis and Concentration of Blinatumomab on the X-axis.
[0133] 10. ADCC Reporter functional assay by Rituximab
[0134] Rituximab serial dilution was prepared as below Table 13.
[0135] Table 13
[0136] The target (Raji wt) and effector / reporter cell suspensions were prepared with fresh RPMI1640 culture medium to a concentration of 2E6 cells / mL, individually. 25μL / well of each cell solution (mix ratio of target and effector cells: 1: 1) and 50μL / well of freshly prepared Rituximab dilutions were added to the plate in duplicate accordingly.
[0137] 96-well plate reporter assay setup was as below Table 14.
[0138] Table 14
[0139] After gently shaking the plate with a plate shaker at RT for a few minutes, the plate was incubated in the 37℃ CO2 (5%) culture incubator for 4-5 hours. Plate luminescence reading was performed according to the procedure as described above. Data analysis and figure plotting was carried out by using a four-parameter logistic algorithm for curve-fitting on the Y-axis and Concentration of Rituximab on the X-axis.
[0140] EXAMPLES
[0141] Example 1: Construction of Reporter model-1 and determination of assay performance The high-performance in-vitro immune cell reporter model-1 employed native immune response sequences in tandem repeats, covering the adjacent transcription elements recognized by AP-1 and CD28 co-stimulation, derived from the regulatory region of the immune activator IL-2, and co-assembled with the TATA box motif minimal promoter sequences and the downstream transcription-driven luciferase reporter gene.
[0142] The response and promoter sequence fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 including AP-1 and the CD28 co-stimulation RE sequences in tandem repeats (6x) , and the TATA box motif promoter (SEQ ID NO: 12) , and the transcriptionally activated firefly Luciferase gene (SEQ ID NO: 4) , were synthesized, amplified and assembled into the backbone of the base vector pGWLV13 (whose map is shown in Figure 2) , and then packaged into Lentivirial particles. The Lentivirus was stably transfected into Jurkat cell line genome. The base cell line is Jurkat E6-1 (ATCC TIB-152TM) . Surface expression of the receptors (CD3 and CD28) on this cell line has been validated by flow cytometry (Figure 3) . Stably transfected cell pool can be enriched by the growth resistance selection of antibiotic Puromycin pressure. Monocloning can be performed by limiting dilution method; clones of high function can be screened and selected based on the T cell-engaged activation assay activity according to the methods described above.
[0143] When the immune response of reporter model-1 is activated by co-incubation with the T-Activator CD3 beads (Gibco / 11161D) , or with an antigen-presenting target cell (e.g. CD19+ Raji) and mediated by the CD3-modulatory bispecific agents (e.g. Blinatumomab) , or by the CD80 / CD86-triggered co-stimulation for a few hours, the transcription-activated Luciferase enzymatic activity catalyzes the substrate Luciferin and results in bioluminescence production, which can be detected by a general multi-mode plate reader (e.g. SpectraMax M5e Reader) .
[0144] In order to determine the assay accuracy / precision of the reporter model-1, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with the CD19-expressing target cell Raji, and treated with Blinatumomab of different potencies for five hours. The data shown in Figure 4 demonstrated the said performance of the reporter model-1.
[0145] In order to determine the assay sensitivity, window and signal strength of the reporter model-1, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with T-Activator CD3 beads. As shown in Figure 5, the reporter model-1 responded with the clear signal (S / N≥3) at the CD3-bead ratio of between 0.021 and 0.062, while the commercial NFAT reporter responded at the ratio close to 0.556. The response data demonstrated the superior signal strength and wide assay window.
[0146] In order to determine the assay sensitivity and signal strength of the reporter model-1, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with CD19+ Raji target cell and mediated by the bispecific drug Blinatumomab. As shown in Figure 6, the reporter model-1 responded more sensitively to the drug with the EC50 concentration about 1 / 3 to that of the commercial reporter. The response data demonstrated the superior signal strength.
[0147] In order to determine the assay specificity of the reporter model-1, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with CD19-knockout Raji cell and mediated by the bispecific drug Blinatumomab. As shown in Figure 7, the reporter model-1 didn’t generate obvious nonspecific responses when co-incubated with the CD19-knockout Raji cell and mediated by the bispecific drug Blinatumomab, when compared with the potent responses originated from the CD19+ wt Raji target cells. Also as shown in Figure 13, the reporter model-1 didn’ t generate any nonspecific ADCC response when co-incubated with the CD19+ Raji cell and mediated by the FcγRIII-binding Rituximab.
[0148] In order to determine the immune activation response by CD28 co-stimulation of the reporter model-1, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with the CD80 / CD86 / CD19-expressing Raji cell. As shown in Figure 8, the reporter model-1 showed the distinct early onset of immune activation response by CD28 co-stimulation, compared with the latent and extended immune responding duration when CD28 blocked by the soluble anti-CD28 antibody (Biolegend, Cat no. 302902, Clone CD28.2) . As shown in Figure 9, the reporter model-1 showed the enhancement of immune activation response by CD28 co-stimulation, compared with the relatively weaker but still potent response when CD28 blocked by the anti-CD28 antagonist antibody, Lulizumab, at a working concentration of 0.5 μg / mL. Also as shown Figure 10, the reporter model-1 showed a unique capability to clearly detect an immune response triggered by CD28 co-stimulation, when compared with the responses of weaker differentiation from the commercial NFAT reporter.
[0149] In summary, when co-localized with the antigen-presenting cells APCs (e.g. cancer cell) , and treated with immunomodulatory agents, the developed reporter model-1 can robustly initiate expression of the downstream Luciferase upon triggering the immune receptors CD3, co-stimulatory CD28 or other related modulators. The reporter model-1 based potency assay can generate highly potent signal strength and sensitive response when compared with other counterpart reporters. The reporter model-1 would be a suitable assay tool for functional characterization and testing of various immunotherapy biologics especially with weaker activation potency, without dependence on advanced plate readers.
[0150] Example 2: Construction of Reporter model-2 and determination of assay performance
[0151] The native responding-mimic in-vitro immune cell reporter model-2 employed the sequence fragment derived from native immune cell’s IL-2 gene regulatory region recognized by multiple core transcription factors, and co-assembled with the minimal IL-2 promoter sequences and the downstream transcription-driven luciferase reporter gene.
[0152] The response and promoter sequence fragment of SEQ ID NO: 2 including 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1, and minimal IL-2 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 13) , and the transcriptionally activated firefly Luciferase gene (SEQ ID NO: 4) , were synthesized, amplified and assembled into the backbone of the base vector pGWLV13 (whose map is shown in Figure 2) , and then packaged into Lentivirus. The Lentivirus was stably transfected into Jurkat cell line genome. The base cell line is Jurkat E6-1 (ATCC TIB-152TM) . Stably transfected cell pool can be enriched by the growth resistance selection of antibiotic Puromycin pressure. Monocloning can be performed by limiting dilution method; clones of high function can be screened and selected based on the T cell-engaged activation assay activity according to the methods described above.
[0153] Instead of responding by particular transcription factor, this reporter model could closely mimic native immune cell stimulation situation. This model-based immune report assay can be integrated as a complement to that of the model-1 and / or NFAT Reporters to evaluate any immune responding bias.
[0154] In order to determine the assay performance (specificity, sensitivity, linearity etc. ) of the reporter model-2, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with CD19-knockout Raji cell and mediated by the bispecific drug Blinatumomab. As shown in Figure 11A, the reporter model-2 didn’ t generate obvious nonspecific responses when compared with the potent response originated from the CD19+ wt Raji target cells. The dose-dependent potency profiling (Figure 11B) demonstrated the similar responding sensitivity (~5 pg / mL) as that of the Reporter model-1, and achieved the wide linear response assay window of about 100x folds.
[0155] In order to determine complementary assay of the reporter model-2 to evaluate NFAT reporter bias, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with the CD19+ target cell Raji, and treated with the CD3 / CD19 bispecific mAbs of serial dilutions for five hours. As shown in Figure 12, the reporter model-2 showed the similar potency difference (about the 200-fold difference of EC50 values) when treated with two CD3 / CD19 bispecific mAbs (Blinatumomab and a CD3 affinity-tuned mAb_2) , as that of the NFAT reporter. This bispecific mAb_2 is derived from Blinatumomab protein sequence with the active domain amino acid modification for fast CD3 binding dissociation property, which was developed in the lab. It proves that NFAT reporter assay is suitable to compare and test the potencies of bispecific mAbs with the same Mechanism of Action (MoA) .
[0156] In summary, when co-localized with the APCs (e.g. antigen-expressing cancer cells) and treated with immunotherapy agents, this reporter model-2 can be an integrated immune reporter assay to reflect the potency for activating native immune complex signaling and the interplay of various transcription factor-triggered responses, e.g. 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1 and 3 copies of EGR1, instead of biased response from particular transcription factors, e.g. NFAT, AP-1 only.
[0157] Example 3: Development of multiple-genetic component ADCC reporter model by the controllable engineer approach
[0158] The inventors established a controllable engineer approach to stably integrate multiple genetic components into cellular genome with precise control of each individual component function. This approach can deliver the maximal efficiency for screening and generation of top-performance cell pools and clones. Sequential plasmid genomic integration methods are complement and simple. Top clones are selected via accumulated high function from each individual components. Lentiviral transfection of the 1st genetic component with high-copy number integration is to achieve the cell-pool and therefore clones with potent immune signaling responding function; Based on the selected top 1st-function clone, the CRISPR / Cas9-guided precise genomic integration of the 2nd component (function-related target receptor genes) , which is compatible with the random genomic integration of the 1st-component, was employed sequentially. Top clones were selected via accumulative high functions derived from each genetic component. This approach can provide a controlled workflow to develop functional cell lines of high function (e.g. in-vitro ADCC, ADCP immune reporters) and top clone selection capability. This approach successfully developed the immune responding in-vitro cell models with a high signal-to-noise ratio and sensitive response performance.
[0159] The response and promoter sequence fragment of SEQ ID NO: 3 including NFAT RE sequence, the TATA minimal promoter (SEQ ID NO: 12) and the transcriptionally activated firefly Luciferase gene (SEQ ID NO: 4) , were synthesized, amplified and assembled into the backbone of the base vector pGWLV13 (whose map is shown in Figure 2) , and then packaged into Lentivirus. The Lentivirus was stably transfected into Jurkat cell line genome. The base cell line is Jurkat E6-1 (ATCC TIB-152TM) . Stably transfected cell pool can be enriched by the growth resistance selection of antibiotic Puromycin pressure. Monocloning can be performed by limiting dilution method; clones of high function can be screened and selected based on the T cell-engaged activation assay activity according to the methods described above.
[0160] Based on the selected top immune responding clones, CRISPR / Cas9 gRNA-guided knock-in of the gene CD16 (FcγRIIIa) was performed for precise integration at the genomic safe harbor PPP1R12C region. Stably transfected cell pool can be enriched by the growth resistance selection of antibiotic G418 pressure. Monocloning can be performed by limiting dilution method; ADCC reporter clones of high function can be screened and selected based on the ADCC potency when co-incubated with the CD20-presenting target cell Raji and mediated by the ADCC-inducing agents (e.g. Rituximab) for a few hours.
[0161] In order to determine the assay performance of the ADCC reporter model, the obtained reporter cells were co-cultured with the CD20+ target cell Raji, and treated with the mAb Rituximab of serial dilutions for five hours. As shown in Figure 13, the ADCC reporter model showed the potent signal response performance and low background, when compared with that of the commercial reporter.
Claims
A nucleic acid construct comprising one or more response elements operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter in (i) , or to a minimal IL-2 promoter in (ii) ;wherein the one or more response elements in (i) are consisting of 6 copies of AP-1 and adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding elements; or the one or more response elements in (ii) are consisting of 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1.The nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein the one or more response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2.The nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein the sequence of the one or more response elements in (i) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14, the sequence of the one or more response elements in (ii) is shown in SEQ IDNO: 15.The nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12, the sequence of the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13.A reporter cell comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding a reporter protein under the control of one or more response elements, wherein the one or more response elements are operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter in (i) , or to a minimal IL-2 promoter in (ii) ; wherein the one or more response elements in (i) are consisting of 6 copies of AP-1 and adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding elements; or the one or more response elements in (ii) are consisting of 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1.The reporter cell according to claim 5, wherein the one or more response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2.The reporter cell according to claim 5, wherein the sequence of the one or more response elements in (i) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14, the sequence of the one or more response elements in (ii) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 15.The reporter cell according to claim 5, wherein the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12, the sequence of the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13.The reporter cell according to claim 5, wherein the reporter protein is a fluorescent protein or a luminescent protein; preferably, the reporter protein is luciferase.The reporter cell according to claim 5, wherein the one or more response elements, and the TATA box motif promoter in (i) or the minimal IL-2 promoter in (ii) are located upstream of the reporter protein.The reporter cell according to any one of claims 5-10, wherein the reporter cell is a reporter T cell; preferably, the T cell is a Jurkat cell.A reporter cell system comprising a first reporter cell and a second reporter cell, wherein the first reporter cell comprising a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a first reporter protein under the control of a first set of response elements, wherein the first set of response elements are operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter, and wherein the first set of response elements are consisting of 6 copies of AP-1 and adjacent CD28 co-stimulation binding domain;wherein the second reporter cell comprising a second polynucleotide sequence encoding a second reporter protein under the control of a second set of response elements, wherein the second set of response elements are operatively linked to a minimal IL-2 promoter, and wherein the second set of response elements are consisting of 4 copies of NFAT, 4 copies of AP-1, 1 copy of Oct-1, and 3 copies of EGR1.The reporter cell system according to claim 12, wherein the first set and / or the second set of response elements are derived from the regulatory region of IL-2.The reporter cell system according to claim 12, wherein the sequence of the first set of response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14, the sequence of the second set of response elements is shown in SEQ ID NO: 15.The reporter cell system according to claim 12, wherein the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12, the sequence of the minimal IL-2 promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13.The reporter cell system according to claim 12, wherein the reporter protein is a fluorescent protein or a luminescent protein; preferably, the reporter protein is luciferase.The reporter cell system according to claim 12, wherein the first set of response elements and the TATA box motif promoter, and / or the second set of response elements and the minimal IL-2 promoter are located upstream of the reporter protein.The reporter cell system according to any one of claims 12-17, wherein the reporter cell is a reporter T cell; preferably, the T cell is a Jurkat cell.An in vitro method for identifying an immunomodulatory agent that regulates T cell activation, comprising:a) contacting the immunomodulatory agent with a target antigen and the reporter cell according to any one of claims 5-11 or the reporter cell system according to any one of claims 12-19; and b) detecting expression of the reporter protein or the reporter cell system.The method according to claim 19, wherein the target antigen is presented on the antigen-presenting cell.The method according to claim 19, wherein the immunomodulatory agent is selected from Blinatumomab, Rituximab, or IgG biologics.An in vitro method for determining a relative potency of an immunomodulatory agent, comprising:a) contacting a known concentration of the immunomodulatory agent with a target antigen and the reporter cell according to any one of claims 5-11 or the reporter cell system according to any one of claims 12-19;b) comparing the resulting level of reporter protein expression in a) , with the level of reporter protein expression resulting from contacting a known concentration of a reference immunomodulatory agent with the target antigen and the reporter cell or the reporter cell system in a) ; andc) obtaining a measure of the relative potency of the immunomodulatory agent.The method according to claim 22, wherein the immunomodulatory agent is selected from Blinatumomab, Rituximab, or IgG biologics.A controllable engineer method for a functional cell line, sequentially comprising the following steps:i) obtaining a reporter cell pool by transfection with a first genetic component, wherein the first genetic component comprises a polynucleotide sequence encoding a reporter protein under the control of one or more response elements operatively linked to a TATA box motif promoter;ii) screening and selecting reporter cell clones from the reporter cell pool obtained in i) with high performance based on T cell-engaged activation assay activity;iii) obtaining a functional cell pool by precise integration of a second genetic component into the reporter cell clones selected in ii) , wherein the second genetic component comprises a function-related receptor gene;iv) screening and selecting the functional cell clones from the functional cell pool obtained in iii) with high performance.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the one or more response elements are consisting of NFAT response element sequence in tandem repeats.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the sequence of the one or more response elements linked to the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 3.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the sequence of the TATA box motif promoter is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the reporter protein is a fluorescent protein or a luminescent protein; preferably, the reporter protein is luciferase.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the reporter cell is a reporter T cell; preferably, the T cell is a Jurkat cell.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the precise integration of a second genetic component is achieved by CRISPR / Cas9 technology.The engineer method according to claim 24, wherein the function-related receptor gene is the gene CD16 and the functional cell with high performance is screened and selected by based on the ADCC potency.A functional cell resulted from the engineer method according to any one of claims 24-31.