Scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions for wireless communications
By using non-linear functions and parameter values to generate and signal non-uniform CSI codebooks, the method addresses overhead issues in wireless communication systems, improving efficiency and accuracy in channel state information transmission.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QUALCOMM INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently signaling non-uniform codebooks due to increased overhead, which can be addressed by generating a non-uniform channel state information (CSI) codebook using non-linear functions and parameter values for spiral shapes.
A first wireless device quantizes bits using a non-uniform codebook associated with non-linear functions and parameter values, transmitting an indication of the quantized bits and parameter values to a second device, allowing the second device to generate the same non-uniform codebook for de-quantization.
This approach reduces signaling overhead while enabling accurate generation of non-uniform CSI codebooks, enhancing communication efficiency and reducing resource utilization.
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Figure CN2024140590_25062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SCALAR QUANTIZATION CODEBOOK PARAMETERIZATION VIA NON-LINEAR FUNCTIONS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSFIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0001] The following relates to wireless communications, including scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0003] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.
[0004] In some cases, a non-uniform codebook may be generated using one or more functions associated with one or more parameters, such that a first wireless device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) may quantize a set of bits in accordance with the non-uniform codebook and may transmit, to a second wireless device (e.g., a network entity) an indication of respective parameter values of the one or more parameters . Thus, the second wireless device may generate the same non-uniform codebook using the one or more functions and the one or more indicated parameter values and may de-quantize the set of bits in accordance with the non-unform codebook.
[0005] Accordingly, techniques described herein may support signaling of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a spiral (e.g., non-uniform) channel state information (CSI) codebook, where the spiral codebook is associated with one or more spiral shapes in accordance with the one or more functions. For example, a first wireless device may receive, via a channel, one or more reference signals for estimation of the channel and, thus, may generate a first set of bits representative of an estimate of the channel (e.g., an estimated channel) based on the one or more reference signals (e.g., based on one or more measurements of the one or more reference signals) . The first wireless device may additionally select, or otherwise determine, one or more parameter values associated with the one or more functions for generation of the spiral CSI codebook based on the first set of bits (e.g., based on the estimate of the channel) . The first wireless device may additionally quantize the first set of bits using the spiral CSI codebook (e.g., generated in accordance with the one or more functions and the one or more parameter values) to generate a set of quantized bits. Thus, the first wireless device may transmit (e.g., via a report) an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more selected parameter values.
[0006] A method for wireless communications by a first wireless device is described. The method may include receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel, estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel, generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device, and transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0007] A first wireless device for wireless communications is described. The first wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to receive one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel, estimate the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel, generate a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device, and transmit an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0008] Another first wireless device for wireless communications is described. The first wireless device may include means for receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel, means for estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel, means for generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device, and means for transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel, estimate the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel, generate a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device, and transmit an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0010] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values may be indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0011] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values may be further indicative of a rotation angle.
[0012] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.
[0013] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes an indication of an index value, from among a set of multiple index values, that may be associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0014] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, each index value of the set of multiple index values may be associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from among a set of multiple sets of one or more parameter values.
[0015] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a set of multiple sets of parameter values, where the one or more parameter values may be selected by the first wireless device from among the set of multiple sets of parameter values.
[0016] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a set of multiple channel state information codebooks, where the non-uniform channel state information codebook associated with the one or more spiral shapes may be selected by the first wireless device from among the set of multiple channel state information codebooks.
[0017] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the non-uniform channel state information codebook may be indicated to a second wireless device via the indication of the one or more parameter values, via an index associated with the non-uniform channel state information codebook, or both.
[0018] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting the one or more parameter values based on the first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel.
[0019] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more functions may include a polar function of r may be representative of a radius, wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of the radius, θ may be representative of a phase, and f (θ) may include a value that is a function of the phase.
[0020] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, f (θ) may be equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|α, and wherein α is representative of a constant
[0021] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an indication of f (θ) , α, or both, where the non-uniform channel state information codebook may be generated using the one or more functions in accordance with the indicated f (θ) , the indicated α, or both.
[0022] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, f (θ) may be equal to θ.
[0023] Some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for applying a rotation matrix to the one or more functions in accordance with a rotation angle, where the non-uniform channel state information codebook may be generated using the one or more functions with the rotation matrix applied.
[0024] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more functions includes a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.
[0025] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first set of functions may include and the second set of functions may include and Δ may be representative of a rate of change of a radius, θ may be representative of a phase, and f (θ) may be representative of a function of the phase.
[0026] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more spiral shapes includes a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape may be associated with a negative phase.
[0027] In some examples of the method, first wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a phase associated with the one or more functions may be associated with a uniform quantization interval.
[0028] A method for wireless communications by a second wireless device is described. The method may include outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel and obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0029] A second wireless device for wireless communications is described. The second wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless device to output one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel and obtain an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0030] Another second wireless device for wireless communications is described. The second wireless device may include means for outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel and means for obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0031] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to output one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel and obtain an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0032] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values may be indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0033] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values may be further indicative of a rotation angle.
[0034] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.
[0035] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes an indication of an index value, from among a set of multiple index values, that may be associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0036] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, each index value of the set of multiple index values may be associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from a set of multiple sets of one or more parameter values.
[0037] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, one or more functions may include a polar function of r may be representative of a radius, wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of the radius, θ may be representative of a phase, and f (θ) may include a value that is a function of the phase.
[0038] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, f (θ) may be equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|α, and wherein α is representative of a constant.
[0039] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, f (θ) may be equal to θ.
[0040] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more functions includes a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.
[0041] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first set of functions may include and the second set of functions may include and Δ may be representative of a rate of change of a radius, θ may be representative of a phase, and f (θ) may be representative of a function of the phase.
[0042] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more spiral shapes includes a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape may be associated with a negative phase and θ may be representative of a phase.
[0043] In some examples of the method, second wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a phase associated with the one or more functions may be associated with a uniform quantization interval.
[0044] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0045] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 3 shows an example of a codebook diagram that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 4 shows an example of a process flow that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0049] FIGs. 5 and 6 show block diagrams of devices that support scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0050] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0051] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0052] FIGs. 9 and 10 show block diagrams of devices that support scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0053] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0054] FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0055] FIGs. 13 and 14 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] In some wireless communications systems, wireless devices may support quantization in which the wireless devices may map a continuous-valued source into a set of digital symbols that may be transmitted or stored using a quantity (e.g., finite quantity) of bits (e.g., quantized bits) . In some examples, the quantization may be non-uniform quantization. That is, for non-uniform quantization, quantization points may be non-uniformly distributed, such that some quantitation points are associated with a higher probability than other quantization points. Thus, the quantization points associated with the higher probability may be quantized with a finer granularity than the other quantization points. In such cases, the non-uniform distribution may be achieved using a non-uniform codebook, however, signaling of the non-uniform codebook between wireless devices may be associated with increased overhead (e.g., as compared a uniform codebook) .
[0057] As such, in some cases, a non-uniform codebook may be generated using one or more functions associated with one or more parameters, such that a first wireless device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) may quantize a set of bits in accordance with the non-uniform codebook and may transmit, to a second wireless device (e.g., a network entity) an indication of respective parameter values of the one or more parameters . Thus, the second wireless device may generate the same non-uniform codebook using the one or more functions and the one or more indicated parameter values and may de-quantize the set of bits in accordance with the non-unform codebook.
[0058] Accordingly, techniques described herein may support signaling of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a spiral (e.g., non-uniform) channel state information (CSI) codebook, where the spiral codebook is associated with one or more spiral shapes in accordance with the one or more functions. For example, a first wireless device may receive, via a channel, one or more reference signals for estimation of the channel and, thus, may generate a first set of bits representative of an estimate of the channel (e.g., an estimated channel) based on the one or more reference signals (e.g., based on one or more measurements of the one or more reference signals) . The first wireless device may additionally select, or otherwise determine, one or more parameter values associated with the one or more functions for generation of the spiral CSI codebook based on the first set of bits. The first wireless device may additionally quantize the first set of bits using the spiral CSI codebook (e.g., generated in accordance with the one or more functions and the one or more parameter values) to generate a set of quantized bits. Thus, the first wireless device may transmit (e.g., via a report) an indication of the set of quantized bits (e.g., quantized in accordance with the spiral codebook) and an indication of the one or more selected parameter values.
[0059] In some cases, (e.g., when represented on an x-y coordinate plane) , the one or more functions may include a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape (e.g., of the one or more spiral shapes) and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape (e.g., of the one or more spiral shapes) . In such cases, the first set of functions may include and and the second set of functions may include and where Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius (e.g., of a respective spiral shape) , θ is representative of a phase, and f (θ) is representative of a value calculated in accordance with a function of the phase. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more functions may be represented in a polar form as where r is representative of a radius (e.g., amplitude) . In either case, the one or more parameter values indicated by the first wireless device may include a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0060] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are then described in the context of a codebook diagram and a process flow. of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions.
[0061] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0062] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0063] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0064] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0065] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0066] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0067] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0068] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0069] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0070] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0071] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0072] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0073] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0074] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0075] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (ΔfmaxNf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0076] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0077] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0078] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0079] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0080] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0081] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0082] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0083] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0084] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0085] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0086] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0087] In some cases, the wireless communications system 100 may support signaling of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a spiral-based (e.g., non-uniform) CSI codebook, where the spiral-based codebook is associated with one or more spiral shapes in accordance with the one or more functions. For example, a first wireless device (e.g., a UE 115) may receive, via a wireless communications channel, one or more reference signals for estimation of the wireless communications channel and, thus, may generate a first set of bits representative of an estimate of the channel (e.g., an estimated channel) based on the one or more reference signals (e.g., based on one or more measurements of the one or more reference signals) . The first wireless device may additionally select, or otherwise determine, one or more parameter values associated with the one or more functions for generation of the spiral-based CSI codebook based on the first set of bits. The first wireless device may additionally quantize the first set of bits using the spiral-based CSI codebook (e.g., generated in accordance with the one or more functions and the one or more parameter values) to generate a set of quantized bits. Thus, the first wireless device may transmit (e.g., via a report) an indication of the set of quantized bits, quantized in accordance with the spiral codebook, and an indication of the one or more selected parameter values.
[0088] In some cases, (e.g., when represented on an x-y coordinate plane) , the one or more functions may include a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape (e.g., of the one or more spiral shapes) and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape (e.g., of the one or more spiral shapes) . In such cases, the first set of functions may include and and the second set of functions may include and where Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius (e.g., of a respective spiral shape) , θ is representative of a phase, and f (θ) is representative of a value calculated in accordance with a function of the phase. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more functions may be represented in a polar form as where r is representative of a radius (e.g., amplitude) . In either case, the one or more parameter values indicated by the first wireless device may include a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0089] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, the wireless communications system 200 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include one or more UEs 115 (e.g., a UE 115-a) and one or more network entities 105 (e.g., a network entity 105-a) , which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described herein.
[0090] Some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 200, may support quantization by one or more wireless devices, such as a UE 115-a, a network entity 105-a, or both. In such cases, a first wireless device (e.g., transmitting wireless device, a UE 115) may map data (e.g., a continuous-valued source) into a set of digital symbols that may be transmitted or stored using a quantity (e.g., finite quantity) of bits (e.g., quantized bits) . In some cases, the first wireless device may support multiple types of quantization methods, such as uniform quantization, non-uniform quantization, or both. In such cases, a distribution of the data (e.g., the continuous-valued source) may impact a design of a quantizer (e.g., at the transmitting wireless device) . For example, in some cases the quantizer may be a uniform quantizer (e.g., the first wireless device may support uniform quantization) where quantization points may be uniformly distributed across a region (e.g., a 2 dimensional (2D) space) . In some other cases, quantization performance may be improved by evaluating the distribution of data, such that quantization points may be associated with a non-uniform distribution. In other words, for non-uniform quantization, quantization points may be non-uniformly distributed across the region, such that some quantitation points are associated with a higher probability (e.g., of use) than other quantization points. Thus, the quantization points associated with the higher probability may be quantized with a finer granularity than the other quantization points.
[0091] In such cases, the non-unfirm distribution may be achieved by the first wireless device using a non-uniform codebook. That is, the first wireless device may determine (e.g., obtain) a non-uniform codebook via one or more methods (e.g., numerical methods, such as Lloyd’s Algorithm) and may indicate the non-uniform codebook to a second wireless device (e.g., receiver, receiving wireless device) such that the second wireless device may receive (e.g., recover) the quantized data (e.g., using the non-uniform codebook) . However, in some cases, signaling of the non-uniform codebook between the first wireless device and the second wireless device may increase overhead (e.g., as compared to a uniform codebook) . As such, in some cases, the non-uniform codebook may be generated (e.g., determined, obtained, represented) using one or more functions associated with one or more parameters (e.g., hyperparameters) , such that the first wireless device may transmit, to the second wireless device, an indication of respective parameter values of the one or more parameters and the second wireless device may generate (e.g., recreate) the non-uniform codebook using the one or more functions and the one or more indicated parameter values, which may reduce overhead (e.g., as compared to indicating the non-uniform codebook using other methods) . For example, a function f (x; θ, α, t) with parameters (θ,α, t) may represent a codebook such that overhead is reduced by more than 50%as compared to a 3-bit codebook (e.g., 8 points) . However, some non-uniform codebooks may not be represented by one or more functions.
[0092] Accordingly, techniques described herein may support a spiral (e.g., spiral-based) codebook 205 and signaling one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of the spiral codebook 205. For example, a pair of I / Q samples may represent a point in a 2D space (e.g., region) and, in some cases, a set of I / Q samples (e.g., Gaussian I / Q samples) may be distributed in the 2D space such that more I / Q samples (e.g., of the set of I / Q samples) are likely to be located near an origin (e.g., of the 2D space, of axis defining the 2D space) than further away from the origin. In other words, the set of I / Q points may be associated with a greatest probability density near the origin (e.g., within a threshold distance of the origin) and may decrease in probability density as a distance from the origin increases, resulting in a non-uniform distribution. As such, a first wireless device (e.g., a UE 115-a) may identify one or more functions (e.g., curves) to fill (e.g., fit, be within) the 2D space, where the one or more functions are associated with one or more parameters (e.g., a quantity of parameters less than a threshold quantity of parameters) . In other words, the first wireless device may identify one or more functions that may be based on (e.g., representative of) the non-uniform distribution of the I / Q samples. For example, the one or more functions may include a series of circles with different radiuses, where a higher quantity of circles are located near the origin. However, if the radiuses and phases are uniformly distributed, the one or more functions may represent a uniform polar codebook 210. Conversely, one or more functions associated with one or more spirals 215 (e.g., a double Archimedes spiral, one or more spiral shapes) may support the non-uniform distribution of the I / Q samples and may represent a non-uniform codebook.
[0093] In other words, the first wireless device may identify a non-uniform spiral codebook 205, which may simply be referred to as a spiral codebook 205, where the spiral codebook 205 may be represented by (e.g., generated using) one or more functions associated with one or more parameters. For example, the spiral codebook 205 may be defined by a spiral 215-a and a spiral 215-b. In such cases, the spiral 215-a (e.g., θ≥0) may be associated with a first set of functions (e.g., of the one or more functions) represented by Equation 1 and Equation 2: and the spiral 215-b (e.g., θ<0) may be associated with a second set of functions (e.g., of the one or more functions) represented by Equation 3 and Equation 4: where the parameter Δ may represent a rate of change of a radius, the parameter θ may represent a phase, and f (θ) may represent a function of the phase (e.g., a value determined using the function of the phase) . Additionally, x and y may represent I / Q samples, such that Equations 1 through 4 may be rewritten in polar form according to Equation 5: where the parameter r may represent a radius (e.g., amplitude) .
[0094] In some cases, θ may be uniformly quantized. For example, a quantity, B, of bits may be quantized (e.g., B bits for quantization) and a range of θ may be [-tπ, tπ] . As such, a quantization interval, d, may be represented by such that θ=-tπ+d: d: tπ. Additionally, Δ may be calculated (e.g., by the first wireless device) based on a threshold radius (e.g., a maximum amplitude) , rmax, based on a threshold phase (e.g., a maximum phase) , θmax, or both. In other words, Δ may be represented by (e.g., defined by, calculated according to) As such, the first wireless device may be capable of indicating the spiral codebook 205 based on a set of parameters including {rmax, t, B} (e.g., based on indicating a parameter value for each of {rmax, t, B} ) .
[0095] In some cases, f (θ) =θ. In some other cases, f (θ) may be defined by another equation. In such cases, f (θ) may impact how a radius of a spiral 215 (e.g., how radiuses of the spirals 215) change relative to the phase. That is, in some cases, as the phase increases, the radius of the spiral 215 increases. In other words, a distance between concentric loops within each spiral 215 may increase as the phase increases (e.g., may be non-uniform) . Additionally, the first wireless device may select or determine f (θ) and Δ such that a set of quantized points (e.g., Gaussian I / Q samples) match (e.g., within a threshold tolerance) with a source (e.g., data to be quantized) . For example, f (θ) =sin (θ) |θ|α, where the parameter α may represent a constant (e.g., 0.8, 1.2) . In such cases, the set of parameters (e.g., for which parameter values are indicated) may additionally include α.
[0096] For example, a set of Tap Line Delay (TDL) (e.g., TDL-A) channel I / Q samples may be associated with a Doppler Spread (DS) equal to 100 nanoseconds (ns) , a speed equal to 3 kilometers per hour (km / hr) , 512 tones, and 150 realizations. Additionally, the TDL channel I / Q samples may be normalized such that the threshold radius (e.g., maximum radius, or amplitude) is equal to 1. Thus, the spiral codebook 205 may be defined by and (e.g., for the spiral 215-a) and and (e.g., the spiral 215-b) . Additionally, f (θ) =sin (θ) |θ|α, t=12, and Thus, the first wireless device may conduct a 2D search to find a combination (e.g., best combination) of {α, rmax} . For example, the first wireless device may set α=0.5: 0.5: 1, rmax=0.5: 0.5: 1, and a total searching space to 121 (e.g., 11×11=121) , and may use 50 realizations of the channel I / Q samples to identify values of {α, rmax} and test a performance of the identified values of {α, rmax} on (e.g., using) 100 realizations.
[0097] In some cases, as described in further detail with reference to FIG. 3, the first wireless device may generate the spiral codebook 205 via rotation of a baseline spiral codebook 205. In such cases, for the aforementioned example, t=12 may be replaced with t=1 and a set of rotation angles, φ, may be where a rotation angle of 0 degrees may represent a base spiral 215 (e.g., prior to rotation) .
[0098] As such, as described herein with reference to Equations 1 through 4, the first wireless device may determine the spiral codebook 205 based on a formulation of f (θ) (e.g., f (θ) =sin (θ) |θ|α) , a quantization of θ (e.g., a uniform or non-uniform quantization) , a set of hyperparameters (e.g., {rmax, t (or Δ) , B} ) , and a rotation angle, φ, if applicable. As described herein, the parameter t may represent a range of θ (e.g., θ∈ (-tπ, tπ] , the parameter rmax may be used to determine Δ (e.g., if f (θ) = θ, if not, indicate a value of Δ) , and B may represent a quantity of quantization bits for a phase. Additionally, or alternatively, rotation of the spiral codebook 205 (e.g., relative to the base spiral 215) may be based application of a rotation matrix R= [cos (φ) , -sin (φ) ; sin (φ) , cos (φ) ] to [x; y] (e.g., R [x; y] )
[0099] Additionally, the first wireless device and the second wireless device may communicate one or more parameter values (e.g., each corresponding to a parameter from a set of parameters) associated with one or more functions used for generation of the spiral codebook 205. In some cases, the first wireless device may be a transmitting wireless device (e.g., the wireless device performing the quantization) . In such cases, the transmitting wireless device may identify data to be quantized, identify (e.g., optimize) the set of parameter values (e.g., values of one or more of f (θ) , rmax, t (or Δ) , B, φ) ) , generate the spiral codebook 205 (e.g., based on the set of parameter values and the one or more functions) , quantize the data based on the spiral codebook 205, and transmit an indication of a set of quantized bits to the receiving wireless device. Additionally, the transmitting wireless device may transmit an indication of the set of parameter values to a receiving wireless device (e.g., the second wireless device) , such that the receiving wireless device may similarly generate the spiral codebook 205 and may de-quantize the set of quantized bits to obtain recovered data.
[0100] For example, the first wireless device may be the UE 115-a and the second wireless device may be the network entity 105-a. In such cases, the UE 115-a may receive one or more reference signals 225 for estimating a channel (e.g., estimate CSI) and may identify the set of parameter values (e.g., values of one or more of f (θ) , rmax, t (or Δ) , B, φ) ) based on an estimate of the channel (e.g., based on the CSI) . That is, the UE 115-a may receive the one or more reference signals 225 via the channel and may generate a first set of bits representative of (e.g., corresponding to, indicative of) an estimate of the channel (e.g., an estimated channel) based on the one or more reference signals 225. In some cases, the first set of bits may be based on one or more measurements of the one or more reference signals 225. As such, the UE 115-a may quantize the first set of bits in accordance with the spiral codebook 205 (e.g., non-uniform spiral-based CSI codebook) using the one or more functions and the set of parameter values (e.g., determined by the UE 115-a) to generate a set of quantized bits. Thus, the UE 115-a may transmit, to the network entity 105-a, a report 230 indicative of the set of quantized bits. Additionally, the UE 115-a may transmit, via the report 230 or via an additional control message, an indication of the set of parameter values, such that the network entity 105-a may similarly generate the spiral codebook 205 in accordance with the set of parameter values (e.g., indicated by the UE 115-a) and may de-quantize the set of quantized bits to obtain recovered data.
[0101] In some cases, the set of parameter values (e.g., for the set of parameters) may be indicated (e.g., by the first wireless device) explicitly (e.g., directly indicate exact values of the hyperparameters) . Doing so may enable more flexibility but may result in increased overhead for conveying the set of parameter values. In some other cases, the set of parameter values may be indicated (e.g., by the first wireless device) implicitly, such as via an index from among multiple indexes defined in one or more predefined tables. In such cases, the one or more predefined tables may include a single table for both a baseline (e.g., non-rotated) spiral codebook 205 and one or more rotated spiral codebooks 205, or separate tables for the baseline spiral codebook 205 and the one or more rotated spiral codebooks 205 (e.g., resulting in less flexibility but decreased overhead) . For example, the one or more predefined tables may include Table 1, below. Table 1: Spiral Codebook 205 Parameter Values
[0102] Additionally, or alternatively, the second wireless device (e.g., the network entity 105-a) may indicate, to the first wireless device (e.g., to the UE 115-a via control signaling) , multiple sets of candidate parameters values, and the first wireless device may select the set of parameter values (e.g., based on the first set of bits, used to generate the spiral codebook 205) from the multiple sets of candidate parameter values and indicate the selection to the second wireless device (e.g., explicitly or implicitly indicate the set of parameter values) . In such cases, the indication of the set of parameter values selected by the first wireless device and an indication of the set of quantized bits may be via a same message. Additionally, or alternatively, the second wireless device may indicate, to the first wireless device (e.g., via control signaling) , multiple candidate CSI codebooks (e.g., including the spiral codebook 205) , and the first wireless device may select the spiral codebook 205 (e.g., based on the first set of bits, based on the CSI) from the multiple candidate CSI codebooks. In such cases, the first wireless device may transmit an indication of the spiral codebook 205 (e.g., an indication of the selection) via the indication of the set of parameter values (e.g., determined by the first wireless device for the spiral codebook 205) , via an index associated with the spiral codebook 305 (e.g., from multiple indices associated with the candidate CSI codebooks) , or both. In such cases, the indication of the spiral codebook 205 selected by the first wireless device and an indication of the set of quantized bits may be via a same message.
[0103] Though described in the context of the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a, this is not to be regarded as a limitation of the present disclosure. In this regard, the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a are merely exemplary embodiments of wireless devices, such that any type of wireless device and any combination of types of wireless devices may be considered with regards to the techniques described herein. Additionally, though depicted in the context of the spiral codebook 205, this is not to be regarded as a limitation of the present disclosure. In this regard, the spirals 215 of the spiral codebook 205 may be tighter (e.g., radius changes less with phase) or looser (e.g., radius changes more with phase) .
[0104] FIG. 3 shows an example of a codebook diagram 300 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, the codebook diagram 300 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the wireless communications system 200, or both. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may be implemented by one or more UEs 115, one or more network entities 105, or both, which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described herein.
[0105] In some examples, as described with reference to FIG. 2, a spiral codebook 305 may be rotated relative to a baseline spiral codebook 305 (e.g., base spiral consuming B-log2 (#of rotations) bits) . For example, a spiral codebook 305-a may be the baseline spiral codebook 305 (e.g., defined according to Equations 1 through 4) and a spiral codebook 305-b may be a rotated spiral codebook 305, rotated relative to the spiral codebook 305-a (e.g., by 180 degrees) . In cases of rotation, t may equal 1 for the baseline spiral codebook 305. Possible rotation angles, φ, may include, but are not limited to 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees.
[0106] To apply rotation to the baseline spiral codebook 305, a wireless device may calculate a first matrix of values, [x; y] , in accordance with Equations 1 through 4 and a set of parameter values (e.g., corresponding to a set of parameters associated with Equations 1 through 4) , where the first matrix is representative of the baseline spiral codebook 305, and may apply a rotation matrix, R, to the first matrix to generate the rotated spiral codebook 305, where the rotation matrix is based on a rotation angle. For example, the rotation matrix, R, may be represented by R=[cos (φ) , -sin (φ) ; sin (φ) , cos (φ) ] to [x; y] (e.g., R [x; y] ) .
[0107] FIG. 4 shows an example of a process flow 400 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, the process flow 400 may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the wireless communications system 200, the codebook diagram 300, or any combination thereof. For example, the process flow 400 may include one or more UEs 115 (e.g., a UE 115-b) and one or more network entities 105 (e.g., a network entity 105-b) , which may be examples of the corresponding devices as described herein. In the following description of the process flow 400, the operations between the UE 115-b and the network entity 105-b may be communicated in a different order than the example order shown, or the operations performed by the UE 115-b and the network entity 105-b may be performed in different orders or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from the process flow 400, and other operations may be added to the process flow 400.
[0108] At 405, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, an indication of multiple sets of parameter values, multiple CSI codebooks, or both.
[0109] At 410, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel (e.g., for estimation of the wireless communications channel) .
[0110] At 415, the UE 115-b may estimate the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel. For example, the UE 115-b may measure the one or more reference signals (e.g., generate one or more measurements, such as CSI, measurements of the one or more reference signals) and may generate the first set of bits based on measuring the one or more reference signals (e.g., based on the one or more CSI measurments)
[0111] In some cases, at 420, the UE 115-b may generate a non-uniform CSI codebook associated with one or more spiral shapes using one or more functions and using one or more parameter values, where the non-uniform CSI codebook is associated with one or more spiral shapes (e.g., spirals) in accordance with the one or more functions. . That is, the UE 115-b may select the one or more parameter values based on the first set of bits (e.g., the CSI measurements) and may generate the non-uniform CSI codebook based on the one or more functions (e.g., associated with the non-uniform CSI codebook) and the one or more selected parameter values. In some cases, the UE 115-b may select the one or more parameter values from the multiple sets of parameter values, may select the non-uniform CSI codebook associated with one or more spiral shapes from the multiple CSI codebooks, or both.
[0112] In some cases, the one or more functions may include a polar function of where r may be representative of a radius, Δ may be representative of a rate of change of the radius, θ may be representative of a phase, and f (θ) may be representative of the function of the phase. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more functions may include a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape (e.g., a first spiral associated with a positive phase) of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape (e.g., second spiral associated with a negative phase) of the one or more spiral shapes. For example, the first set of functions may include and and the second set of functions may include and wherein Δ may be representative of a rate of change of a radius, θ may be representative of a phase, and f (θ) may be representative of the function of the phase. In some cases, f (θ) may be equal to θ. In some other cases, f (θ) may be equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|α, where α may be representative of a constant.
[0113] In some cases, at 425, the UE 115-b may apply a rotation matrix to the one or more functions in accordance with the rotation angle.
[0114] In some cases, at 430, the UE 115-b may quantize the first set of bits, representative of the estimated wireless communications channel, in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook to generate a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel.
[0115] At 435, the UE 115-b may transmit, to the network entity 105-b, a report indictive of the set of quantized bits based on quantization of the first set of bits in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook.
[0116] Additionally, the report (e.g., or an additional control message) may include an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the UE 115-a, an indication of the non-uniform CSI codebook (e.g., from the multiple CSI codebooks) , or both. In some cases, the one or more parameter values may be indicative of a threshold radius (e.g., rmax) , a range of phases (e.g., t) , a quantization interval (e.g., d) , a total quantity of bits for quantization (e.g., B) , a rotation angle (e.g., φ) , or any combination thereof. In some cases, the quantization interval may be a uniform quantization interval or, in some other cases, may be a non-uniform quantization interval. A uniform quantization interval may be beneficially less complex to implement than a non-uniform quantization codebook, among other possible benefits, with a non-uniform distribution for the overall codebook and the benefits related thereto still maintained despite the uniform quantization interval by virtue of the non-linear (e.g., spiral based) function. A non-uniform quantization codebook, combined with the non-linear (e.g., spiral based) function, may achieve an even more non-uniform distribution for the overall codebook, among other possible benefits. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more parameter values may include an indication of a function of a phase, f (θ) , a constant, α, or both.
[0117] In some cases, the indication of the one or more parameter values may include a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values. In some other cases, the indication of the one or more parameter values may include an indication of an index value, from among multiple index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0118] In some cases, the UE 115-b may indicate, to the network entity 105-b, the non-uniform CSI codebook (e.g., selected by the UE 115-b from the multiple CSI codebooks) via the indication of the one or more parameter values, via an index associated with the non-uniform CSI codebook, or both.
[0119] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0120] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0121] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions) . In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0122] The communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0123] In some examples, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0124] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0125] In some examples, the communications manager 520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0126] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel. The communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel. The communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device. The communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0127] By including or configuring the communications manager 520 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 505 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions, which may result in reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other advantages.
[0128] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 605 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of a device 505 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communications manager 620. The device 605, or one or more components of the device 605 (e.g., the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, the communications manager 620) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0129] The receiver 610 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0130] The transmitter 615 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 605. For example, the transmitter 615 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions) . In some examples, the transmitter 615 may be co-located with a receiver 610 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0131] The device 605, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a codebook component 625, a channel estimation component 630, a reporting component 635, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both. For example, the communications manager 620 may receive information from the receiver 610, send information to the transmitter 615, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0132] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The channel estimation component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel. The channel estimation component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel. The channel estimation component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device. The reporting component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0133] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a communications manager 720 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 720 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 520, a communications manager 620, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 720, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720 may include a codebook component 725, a channel estimation component 730, a reporting component 735, a rotation component 740, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0134] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The channel estimation component 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel. The channel estimation component 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel. The channel estimation component 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device. The reporting component 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0135] In some examples, the one or more parameter values are indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0136] In some examples, the one or more parameter values are further indicative of a rotation angle.
[0137] In some examples, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.
[0138] In some examples, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes an indication of an index value, from among a set of multiple index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0139] In some examples, each index value of the set of multiple index values is associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from among a set of multiple sets of one or more parameter values.
[0140] In some examples, the codebook component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication of multiple sets of parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device from among the multiple sets of parameter values.
[0141] In some examples, the codebook component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication of multiple CSI codebooks, where the non-uniform CSI codebook associated with the one or more spiral shapes is selected by the first wireless device from among the multiple CSI codebooks.
[0142] In some examples, the non-uniform CSI codebook is indicated to a second wireless device via the indication of the one or more parameter values, via an index associated with the non-uniform CSI codebook, or both.
[0143] In some examples, the codebook component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting the one or more parameter values based on the first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel.
[0144] In some examples, the one or more functions includes a polar function of In some examples, r is representative of a radius. In some examples, Δis representative of a rate of change of the radius, θ is representative of a phase, and f (θ) includes a value that is a function of the phase.
[0145] In some examples, f (θ) is equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|ɑ. In some examples, α is representative of a constant. In some examples, the codebook component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of f (θ) , α, or both, where the non-uniform CSI codebook is generated using the one or more functions in accordance with the indicated f (θ) , the indicated α, or both. In some examples, f (θ) is equal to θ.
[0146] In some examples, the rotation component 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for applying a rotation matrix to the one or more functions in accordance with a rotation angle, where the non-uniform CSI codebook is generated using the one or more functions with the rotation matrix applied.
[0147] In some examples, the one or more functions includes a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.
[0148] In some examples, the first set of functions includes and In some examples, the second set of functions includes and In some examples, Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius, θ is representative of a phase, and f (θ) is representative of a function of the phase.
[0149] In some examples, the one or more spiral shapes includes a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape is associated with a negative phase.
[0150] In some examples, a phase associated with the one or more functions is associated with a uniform quantization interval or a non-uniform quantization interval.
[0151] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of or include components of a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 805 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 810, a transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, at least one memory 830, code 835, and at least one processor 840. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 845) .
[0152] The I / O controller 810 may manage input and output signals for the device 805. The I / O controller 810 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 805. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 810 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 840. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 805 via the I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 810.
[0153] In some cases, the device 805 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 805 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 815 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 825 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 815 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 825. The transceiver 815, or the transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825, may be an example of a transmitter 515, a transmitter 615, a receiver 510, a receiver 610, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0154] The at least one memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 835. The code 835 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 840, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 840 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 830 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0155] The at least one processor 840 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 840. The at least one processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions) . For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include at least one processor 840 and at least one memory 830 coupled with or to the at least one processor 840, the at least one processor 840 and the at least one memory 830 configured to perform various functions described herein.
[0156] In some examples, the at least one processor 840 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 830 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 840 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 840) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 830) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 840 or a processing system including the at least one processor 840 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 805 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 835 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 830 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0157] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0158] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 may support techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions, which may result in improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved user experience related to reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, and improved utilization of processing capability, among other advantages.
[0159] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 815, the one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 820 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 840, the at least one memory 830, the code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 835 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 840 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein, or the at least one processor 840 and the at least one memory 830 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0160] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0161] The receiver 910 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. In some examples, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0162] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 and the receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0163] The communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0164] In some examples, the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0165] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0166] In some examples, the communications manager 920 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0167] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 920 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel. The communications manager 920 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0168] By including or configuring the communications manager 920 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 905 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions, which may result in reduced processing, reduced power consumption, and more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other advantages.
[0169] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of aspects of a device 905 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1015, and a communications manager 1020. The device 1005, or one or more components of the device 1005 (e.g., the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, the communications manager 1020) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0170] The receiver 1010 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1005. In some examples, the receiver 1010 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1010 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0171] The transmitter 1015 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1005. For example, the transmitter 1015 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1015 and the receiver 1010 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0172] The device 1005, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a configuration component 1025, a reference signal component 1030, a feedback component 1035, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 920 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both. For example, the communications manager 1020 may receive information from the receiver 1010, send information to the transmitter 1015, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0173] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The reference signal component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel. The feedback component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0174] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a communications manager 1120 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1120 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 920, a communications manager 1020, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1120, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 may include a configuration component 1125, a reference signal component 1130, a feedback component 1135, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) . The communications may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105) , or any combination thereof.
[0175] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The reference signal component 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel. The feedback component 1135 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0176] In some examples, the one or more parameter values are indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0177] In some examples, the one or more parameter values are further indicative of a rotation angle.
[0178] In some examples, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.
[0179] In some examples, the indication of the one or more parameter values includes an indication of an index value, from among a set of multiple index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0180] In some examples, each index value of the set of multiple index values is associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from a set of multiple sets of one or more parameter values.
[0181] In some examples, the configuration component 1125 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting an indication of multiple sets of parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device from among the multiple sets of parameter values.
[0182] In some examples, the feedback component 1135 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of multiple CSI codebooks, where the non-uniform CSI codebook associated with the one or more spiral shapes is selected by the first wireless device from among the multiple CSI codebooks.
[0183] In some examples, the non-uniform CSI codebook is obtained by the second wireless device via the indication of the one or more parameter values, via an index associated with the non-uniform CSI codebook, or both.
[0184] In some examples, the one or more functions includes a polar function of In some examples, r is representative of a radius. In some examples, Δis representative of a rate of change of the radius, θ is representative of a phase, and f (θ) includes a value that is a function of the phase.
[0185] In some examples, f (θ) is equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|ɑ. In some examples, α is representative of a constant. In some examples, the configuration component 1125 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting an indication of f (θ) , α, or both, where the non-uniform CSI codebook is generated using the one or more functions in accordance with the indicated f (θ) , the indicated α, or both. In some examples, f (θ) is equal to θ.
[0186] In some examples, the one or more functions includes a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.
[0187] In some examples, the first set of functions includes and In some examples, the second set of functions includes and In some examples, Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius, θ is representative of a phase, and f (θ) is representative of a function of the phase.
[0188] In some examples, the one or more spiral shapes includes a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape is associated with a negative phase.
[0189] In some examples, a phase associated with the one or more functions is associated with a uniform quantization interval or a non-uniform quantization interval.
[0190] FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of or include components of a device 905, a device 1005, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may communicate with other network devices or network equipment such as one or more of the network entities 105, UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The communications may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1205 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1220, a transceiver 1210, one or more antennas 1215, at least one memory 1225, code 1230, and at least one processor 1235. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1240) .
[0191] The transceiver 1210 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1205 may include one or more antennas 1215, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently) . The transceiver 1210 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1215, by a wired transmitter) , to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1215, from a wired receiver) , and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1215 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1215 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210, or the transceiver 1210 and the one or more antennas 1215, or the transceiver 1210 and the one or more antennas 1215 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1235, the at least one memory 1225, or both) , may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1205. In some examples, the transceiver 1210 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., communication link (s) 125, backhaul communication link (s) 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168) .
[0192] The at least one memory 1225 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1225 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1230. The code 1230 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1235, cause the device 1205 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1230 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1230 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1235 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1225 may include, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1235 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1225 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system) .
[0193] The at least one processor 1235 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1235 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1235. The at least one processor 1235 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 1225) to cause the device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions) . For example, the device 1205 or a component of the device 1205 may include at least one processor 1235 and at least one memory 1225 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1235, the at least one processor 1235 and the at least one memory 1225 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1235 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1230) to perform the functions of the device 1205. The at least one processor 1235 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1205 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1225) .
[0194] In some examples, the at least one processor 1235 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1225 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1235 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1235) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1225) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1235 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1235 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1205 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to”may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1225 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0195] In some examples, a bus 1240 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1240 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack) , which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1205, or between different components of the device 1205 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1205 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1220, the transceiver 1210, the at least one memory 1225, the code 1230, and the at least one processor 1235 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components) .
[0196] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) . For example, the communications manager 1220 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may manage communications with one or more other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 (e.g., in cooperation with the one or more other network devices) . In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.
[0197] The communications manager 1220 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the wireless communications estimated channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0198] By including or configuring the communications manager 1220 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1205 may support techniques for scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions, which may result in improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved user experience related to reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, and improved utilization of processing capability, among other advantages.
[0199] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1210, the one or more antennas 1215 (e.g., where applicable) , or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1220 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1220 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1210, one or more of the at least one processor 1235, one or more of the at least one memory 1225, the code 1230, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1235, the at least one memory 1225, the code 1230, or any combination thereof) . For example, the code 1230 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1235 to cause the device 1205 to perform various aspects of scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions as described herein, or the at least one processor 1235 and the at least one memory 1225 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0200] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0201] At 1305, the method may include receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a channel estimation component 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0202] At 1310, the method may include estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a channel estimation component 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0203] At 1315, the method may include generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, where the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a channel estimation component 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0204] At 1320, the method may include transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by a reporting component 735 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0205] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports scalar quantization codebook parameterization via non-linear functions in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 4 and 9 through 12. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0206] At 1405, the method may include outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel. The operations of 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a reference signal component 1130 as described with reference to FIG. 11.
[0207] At 1410, the method may include obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, where the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and the one or more parameter values. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a feedback component 1135 as described with reference to FIG. 11.
[0208] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0209] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a first wireless device, comprising: receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel; estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel; generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform CSI codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, wherein the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device; and transmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.
[0210] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the one or more parameter values are indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0211] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein the one or more parameter values are further indicative of a rotation angle.
[0212] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 2 through 3, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.
[0213] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 2 through 4, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises an indication of an index value, from among a plurality of index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0214] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein each index value of the plurality of index values is associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from among a plurality of sets of one or more parameter values.
[0215] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, further comprising: receiving an indication of a plurality of sets of parameter values, wherein the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device from among the plurality of sets of parameter values.
[0216] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, further comprising: receiving an indication of a plurality of channel state information codebooks, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook associated with the one or more spiral shapes is selected by the first wireless device from among the plurality of channel state information codebooks.
[0217] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook is indicated to a second wireless device via the indication of the one or more parameter values, via an index associated with the non-uniform channel state information codebook, or both.
[0218] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, further comprising: selecting the one or more parameter values based on the first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel.
[0219] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the one or more functions comprises a polar function of wherein r is representative of a radius, wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of the radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) comprises a value that is a function of the phase.
[0220] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, wherein f (θ) is equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|ɑ, and wherein α is representative of a constant.
[0221] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, further comprising: transmit an indication of f (θ) , α, or both, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook is generated using the one or more functions in accordance with the indicated f (θ) , the indicated α, or bot.
[0222] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 11 through 13, wherein f (θ) is equal to θ.
[0223] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 through 14, further comprising: applying a rotation matrix to the one or more functions in accordance with a rotation angle, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook is generated using the one or more functions with the rotation matrix applied.
[0224] Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 1 through 15, wherein the one or more functions comprises a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.
[0225] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein the first set of functions comprises and wherein the second set of functions comprises and wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) is representative of a function of the phase.
[0226] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 1 through 17, wherein the one or more spiral shapes comprises a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape is associated with a negative phase.
[0227] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 1 through 18, wherein a phase associated with the one or more functions is associated with a uniform quantization interval.
[0228] Aspect 20: A method for wireless communications at a second wireless device, comprising: outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel; and obtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, wherein the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.
[0229] Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, wherein the one or more parameter values are indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.
[0230] Aspect 22: The method of aspect 21, wherein the one or more parameter values are further indicative of a rotation angle.
[0231] Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 21 through 22, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.
[0232] Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 21 through 23, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises an indication of an index value, from among a plurality of index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.
[0233] Aspect 25: The method of aspect 24, wherein each index value of the plurality of index values is associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from a plurality of sets of one or more parameter values.
[0234] Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 20 through 25, wherein the one or more functions comprises a polar function of wherein r is representative of a radius, wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of the radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) comprises a value that is a function of the phase.
[0235] Aspect 27: The method of aspect 26, wherein f (θ) is equal to sin (θ) ×|θ|α, and wherein α is representative of a constant.
[0236] Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 26 through 27, wherein f (θ) is equal to θ.
[0237] Aspect 29: The method of any of aspects 20 through 28, wherein the one or more functions comprises a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.
[0238] Aspect 30: The method of aspect 29, wherein the first set of functions comprises and wherein the second set of functions comprises and wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) is representative of a function of the phase.
[0239] Aspect 31: The method of any of aspects 20 through 30, wherein the one or more spiral shapes comprises a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape is associated with a negative phase, and θ is representative of a phase.
[0240] Aspect 32: The method of any of aspects 20 through 31, wherein a phase associated with the one or more functions is associated with a uniform quantization interval.
[0241] Aspect 33: A first wireless device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 19.
[0242] Aspect 34: A first wireless device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 19.
[0243] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 19.
[0244] Aspect 36: A second wireless device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless device to perform a method of any of aspects 20 through 32.
[0245] Aspect 37: A second wireless device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 20 through 32.
[0246] Aspect 38: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 20 through 32.
[0247] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0248] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0249] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0250] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0251] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0252] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0253] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ” Also, as used herein, the phrase “a set” shall be construed as including the possibility of a set with one member. That is, the phrase “a set” shall be construed in the same manner as “one or more. ” ’ to support this interpretation.
[0254] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0255] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0256] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0257] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0258] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first wireless device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel;estimate the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel;generate a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, wherein the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device; andtransmit an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.2.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameter values are indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.3.The first wireless device of claim 2, wherein the one or more parameter values are further indicative of a rotation angle.4.The first wireless device of claim 2, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.5.The first wireless device of claim 2, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises an indication of an index value, from among a plurality of index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.6.The first wireless device of claim 5, wherein each index value of the plurality of index values is associated with a respective set of one or more parameter values from among a plurality of sets of one or more parameter values.7.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive an indication of a plurality of sets of parameter values, wherein the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device from among the plurality of sets of parameter values.8.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:receive an indication of a plurality of channel state information codebooks, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook associated with the one or more spiral shapes is selected by the first wireless device from among the plurality of channel state information codebooks.9.The first wireless device of claim 8, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook is indicated to a second wireless device via the indication of the one or more parameter values, via an index associated with the non-uniform channel state information codebook, or both.10.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:select the one or more parameter values based on the first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel.11.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more functions comprises a polar function of wherein r is representative of a radius, wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of the radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) comprises a value that is a function of the phase.12.The first wireless device of claim 11, wherein f (θ) is equal to sin (θ) × |θ| ɑ, and wherein α is representative of a constant.13.The first wireless device of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:transmit an indication of f (θ) , α, or both, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook is generated using the one or more functions in accordance with the indicated f (θ) , the indicated α, or both.14.The first wireless device of claim 11, wherein f (θ) is equal to θ.15.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless device to:apply a rotation matrix to the one or more functions in accordance with a rotation angle, wherein the non-uniform channel state information codebook is generated using the one or more functions with the rotation matrix applied.16.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more functions comprises a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.17.The first wireless device of claim 16, wherein the first set of functions comprises and wherein the second set of functions comprises and wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) is representative of a function of the phase.18.The first wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more spiral shapes comprises a first spiral shape associated with a positive phase and a second spiral shape is associated with a negative phase.19.A second wireless device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless device to:output one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel; andobtain an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, wherein the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.20.The second wireless device of claim 19, wherein the one or more parameter values are indicative of a threshold radius, a range of phases, a quantization interval, a total quantity of bits for quantization, or any combination thereof.21.The second wireless device of claim 20, wherein the one or more parameter values are further indicative of a rotation angle.22.The second wireless device of claim 20, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises a respective explicit indication for each of the one or more parameter values.23.The second wireless device of claim 20, wherein the indication of the one or more parameter values comprises an indication of an index value, from among a plurality of index values, that is associated with the one or more parameter values.24.The second wireless device of claim 19, wherein the one or more functions comprises a polar function of wherein r is representative of a radius, wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of the radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) comprises a value that is a function of the phase.25.The second wireless device of claim 24, wherein f (θ) is equal to sin (θ) × |θ| ɑ, and wherein α is representative of a constant.26.The second wireless device of claim 24, wherein f (θ) is equal to θ.27.The second wireless device of claim 19, wherein the one or more functions comprises a first set of functions associated with a first spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes and a second set of functions associated with a second spiral shape of the one or more spiral shapes.28.The second wireless device of claim 27, wherein the first set of functions comprises and wherein the second set of functions comprises and wherein Δ is representative of a rate of change of a radius, wherein θ is representative of a phase, and wherein f (θ) is representative of a function of the phase.29.A method for wireless communications at a first wireless device, comprising:receiving one or more reference signals via a wireless communications channel;estimating the wireless communications channel using the one or more reference signals to obtain a first set of bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel;generating a set of quantized bits representative of the estimated wireless communications channel by quantizing the first set of bits in accordance with a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes and generated using one or more functions in accordance with one or more parameter values, and wherein the one or more parameter values are selected by the first wireless device; andtransmitting an indication of the set of quantized bits and an indication of the one or more parameter values selected by the first wireless device.30.A method for wireless communications at a second wireless device, comprising:outputting one or more reference signals for estimation of a wireless communications channel; andobtaining an indication of a set of quantized bits that are representative of the estimated wireless communications channel and an indication of one or more parameter values associated with one or more functions for generation of a non-uniform channel state information codebook that is associated with one or more spiral shapes, wherein the set of quantized bits are in accordance with the non-uniform channel state information codebook and the one or more parameter values.