Functional device, method for the production and testing thereof, and contact film

Abstract

The invention relates to a functional device (1), in particular for conducting a fluid, wherein the functional device (1) comprises a housing (2) and at least one contact film (3), wherein the at least one contact film (3) comprises a plastic carrier layer (5) and at least one electrically conductive layer (6), wherein the at least one contact film (3) is connected, in particular mechanically fixedly, to the housing (2), wherein the contact film (3) has a contact region (8), has a passage region (7) and a connection region (9), wherein the connection region (9) is arranged outside the housing (2), wherein the contact region (8), the passage region (7) and the connection region (9) are electrically conductively connected by means of a first region (16a) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6), and wherein the contact region (8) is connected to the connection region (9) by means of the passage region (7) through the housing (2). The invention further relates to a method for producing a functional device (1), to a method for testing a functional device (1), and to a contact film (3).

Description

[0001]

[0002] LEONHARD KURZ Stiftung & Co. KG, Schwabacher Straße 482, 90763 Fürth, Germany;

[0003] PolylC GmbH & Co. KG, Tucherstraße 7, 90763 Fürth, Germany

[0004] Functional device, method for its manufacture and testing, and contact film

[0005] The invention relates to a functional device, a method for manufacturing a functional device, a method for testing a functional device, and a contact film.

[0006] Particularly in the medical field, it is often necessary to establish an electrical connection from the inside of a device to the outside without compromising the device's sealing and pressure resistance. Frequently, this is achieved by making point contacts with electrically conductive layers inside the device using spring-loaded contact pins. This is the case, for example, with a membrane filter that has a permeable filter membrane coated with gold on both sides and is intended to be electrically contacted from the outside. However, this type of contact has several disadvantages. Firstly, it is expensive due to its mechanical complexity. Secondly, it is difficult to verify whether the expensive coated filter membrane has been damaged during assembly or operation.For example, the electrical contact can deteriorate over time due to a decrease in spring tension. Finally, the point-like contact, which is subject to pressure, results in an unfavorable, and in particular a non-homogeneous, electrical field distribution between the two deposited gold layers. This is especially true because the two gold layers can be deformed or damaged in the area of ​​the point contact points. Similar disadvantages also exist in other applications in the medical and non-medical fields where encapsulated components are tested for functionality and are exposed to fluids, such as in pipelines.

[0007] The invention is based on the objective of providing an improved functional device that enables improved contacting for electrical layers encapsulated within the functional device. In particular, it is an objective to provide improved contacting for electrically conductive layers encapsulated in membrane filters. Furthermore, it is an objective to provide a method for manufacturing an improved functional device, a method for testing an improved functional device, and an improved contact film, especially those that avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0008] This problem is solved by a functional device, in particular for guiding a fluid, wherein the functional device comprises a housing and at least one contact film, wherein the at least one contact film comprises a plastic carrier layer and at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein the at least one contact film is connected to the housing, in particular mechanically, wherein the at least one contact film has a contact area, a feed-through area and a connection area, wherein the connection area is arranged outside the housing, wherein the contact area, the feed-through area and the connection area are electrically connected by means of a first area or by means of a first area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer, and wherein the contact area is connected to the connection area through the housing by means of the feed-through area.

[0009] This problem is further solved by a method for manufacturing a functional device, preferably a functional device according to the invention, further preferably according to one of claims 1 to 13, in particular wherein the functional device is designed to guide a fluid, and wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0010] - Providing at least one contact film, preferably a contact film according to the invention, further preferably according to one of claims 23 to 37, comprising a plastic carrier layer and at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein the contact film has a contact area, a feed-through area and a connection area, wherein the contact area, the feed-through area and the connection area are electrically connected by means of the at least one electrically conductive layer, in particular by means of a first area or through a first area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer,

[0011] - Providing and / or producing a housing, - Connecting, in particular mechanically fixed, the at least one contact foil to the housing, such that the connection area is arranged outside the housing and that the contact area is connected to the connection area by means of the feedthrough area through the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, this problem is solved by a method for testing a functional device, in particular for guiding a fluid, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] - Providing a functional device according to the invention, preferably according to one of claims 1 to 13,

[0014] - Testing the functional device by means of an electrical potential measurement and / or by means of an electrical resistance measurement, in particular by electrically contacting the connection area.

[0015] This problem is also solved by a contact film for use in a functional device, in particular according to the invention, or by a contact film for a functional device, in particular according to the invention, preferably according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the contact film comprises a plastic carrier layer and at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein the contact film has a contact area, a feed-through area and a connection area, wherein the contact area, the feed-through area and the connection area are electrically conductively connected by means of a first area or by a first area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer.A number of advantages are achieved through the functional device according to the invention, through the method according to the invention for manufacturing a functional device, through the method according to the invention for testing a functional device, and through the contact film according to the invention.

[0016] The use of a contact foil significantly reduces the mechanical effort required for internal contacts within the functional device. It also makes the functional device more mechanically stable overall, thus increasing its durability and lifespan.

[0017] Another advantage is that the contact foil allows for testing of the housing, leads, or connections for damage, both during the manufacturing process and during operation of the device. This testing can be performed at any time during manufacturing and operation, enabling the rapid detection of potential rejects or malfunctions. Real-time monitoring is also possible, which is particularly beneficial in the medical field, for example, to identify defective filters and prevent potential harm to the patient.

[0018] Point-like contact is also avoided, thus eliminating both the possibility of damage in this regard and preventing an inhomogeneous field distribution caused by it.

[0019] This also makes it possible to permanently and reliably contact encapsulated and difficult-to-access electrical layers within devices, while ensuring high mechanical stability through the use of a contact foil. Furthermore, the use of a contact foil offers a cost advantage, particularly compared to mechanically complex contact methods such as spring-loaded contact pins and bores with corresponding sealing feedthroughs.

[0020] Furthermore, the use of a contact film ensures a high level of tightness and pressure resistance of the functional device, which is essential, especially when fluids are passed through the functional device.

[0021] The term "outside" is understood to mean, in particular, that the connection area is neither enclosed nor surrounded by the housing. In other words, "outside" means, in particular, that the connection area protrudes from the housing in such a way that it can be contacted for the purpose of electrical connection. In contrast to "outside" or "outside," "inside" or "within" here means that the component in question is located within the housing, and that the component cannot be accessed from the outside without destroying or damaging the housing.

[0022] The term "guiding" a fluid is preferably understood to include the passage, conveyance, transport, filtration, and, in particular, the temporary intake or storage of a fluid. In other words, the functional device is preferably designed such that it can receive, store, guide, convey, transport, and / or filter a fluid.

[0023] The term "fluid flow" here also implies that several different fluids may be present. In other words, the reference to fluid flow specifically refers to the flow of at least one fluid. Advantageously, the fluid flows inside the housing.

[0024] A film is understood to be, in particular, a homogeneous sheet made of very thin metal and / or plastic. Compared to its length and width, a film has a very low thickness.

[0025] In this context, an area is understood to be a defined surface of a layer or film that is viewed perpendicular to a plane defined by the plastic carrier layer. For example, the contact film has a contact area, a feed-through area, and a connection area, each of which occupies a defined surface when viewed perpendicular to a plane defined by the plastic carrier layer.

[0026] The connection area preferably comprises one or more measuring contact points, in particular those that can be contacted for carrying out electrical measurements, for applying electrical potentials and measuring the current flow and / or for imprinting electrical currents and measuring the necessary voltage.

[0027] The contact area is preferably a region of the contact film by means of which an electrically conductive functional layer and / or a functional component arranged inside the housing can be electrically contacted. Thus, it is possible for the contact area to be designed such that an electrically conductive functional layer and / or a functional component arranged inside the housing can be electrically contacted by means of it, and / or that an electrically conductive functional layer and / or a functional component arranged inside the housing is electrically contacted by means of it.

[0028] Advantageously, the contact area is a planar contact area, in particular where the area spanned by the contact area is more than 2 mm 2 , preferably more than 20 mm 2 , even more preferably more than 75 mm 2 , furthermore preferably more than 140 mm 2, amounts.

[0029] The feedthrough area is in particular an area of ​​the contact foil by means of which the contact foil is guided through the housing of the functional device.

[0030] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0031] Although the following sections present preferred embodiments for the functional device, the method for manufacturing a functional device, the method for testing a functional device, and the contact film, the features, advantages, and effects resulting from the interaction of the contact film and the functional device, which may also include layers and components to be contacted, as well as those resulting from their manufacture and testing, also apply to the respective other subject matter or process as being disclosed.

[0032] The following describes, among other things, further preferred embodiments of the functional device: It is possible that the functional device is a membrane filter comprising a double-sided metallized filter membrane film and two contact films, wherein the double-sided metallized filter membrane film is arranged between the two contact films and each side of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film is electrically contacted by one of the two contact films via the contact area, in particular such that the electrical contact of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film via the two contact films can be tested by means of an electrical measurement at the connection area of ​​the respective contact film.

[0033] Within the framework of the process for manufacturing a functional component, it is also advantageous that the functional device is a membrane filter, that at least one functional component is a double-sided metallized filter membrane film, that two contact films are provided, and that the contact films are connected to the housing in such a way that one connection area is arranged outside the housing and that one contact area is connected to the respective connection area by means of the respective feedthrough area through the housing.

[0034] It is advantageous if the double-sided metallized filter membrane film is metallized with gold and / or if the filter membrane film is permeable to the fluid.

[0035] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the two contact films are arranged such that the respective at least one electrically conductive layer directly adjoins the respective side of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film. In particular, no further layer is arranged between the respective side of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film and the respective electrically conductive layer of the respective contact film.

[0036] Such a design makes it possible, in the case of a membrane filter that has an internally arranged metallized filter membrane film, to electrically contact this and thus provide an improved membrane filter that is both mechanically stable and can also be checked during operation and manufacture as described above.

[0037] It is further advantageous that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested via the connection area. This allows conclusions to be drawn, for example, about possible damage during the manufacturing process, especially since the contact foil is firmly bonded to the housing, particularly mechanically.

[0038] Preferably, galvanic isolation is provided in the contact area, the feedthrough area and the connection area in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested.

[0039] It is therefore possible that galvanic isolation, particularly in the contact area, the feedthrough area, and / or the connection area, is incorporated into the first region of the at least one electrically conductive layer in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested. This also ensures that it can be verified whether the contact area and / or the feedthrough area and / or the connection area was damaged during the manufacture or operation of the functional device. Depending on the electrical measurement method used, the potential defect can be traced back to the contact area or to the contact of an electrically conductive layer or functional component encapsulated inside the housing.For example, it is possible to draw such conclusions based on a resistance measurement, especially by carrying out calibration measurements.

[0040] It is also advantageous that the functional device comprises at least one electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing, wherein the electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing is electrically contacted by means of the contact area, in particular such that, depending on the electrical continuity of the contact area, properties of the electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing, especially its electrical contact with the at least one contact film, can be determined. For example, it is possible to determine such properties by means of resistance measurements. Advantageously, these properties are mechanical, chemical, and / or physical properties.

[0041] The term "encapsulated" here refers in particular to the fact that the electrical functional layer is not completely enclosed or surrounded by the housing.

[0042] In particular, the housing does not lie completely against the electrical functional layer, but preferably there is an area or volume which can preferably accommodate a fluid.

[0043] Advantageously, the functional device further comprises at least one functional component, which is selected individually or in combination from: a filter, in particular a filter membrane film metallized on both sides; an electronic component; an optical component, in particular optical fibers; an optoelectronic component; an electromechanical component; an actuator; a thermocouple; a semiconductor, in particular a PTC thermistor and / or PT thermistor; a quartz crystal oscillator; a seal, in particular sealing rubber and / or sealing ring rubber; and a thermochromatic element, in particular thermochromatic paint. Depending on the electrical conductivity of the functional components or their contacting options, they can be electrically contacted via the contact area. However, it is also possible to apply the contact area to a non-electrically conductive component, such as a rubber seal, whereby the integrity of the seal can then be indirectly checked, for example, based on the capacitance of the contact area.For example, this can be measured using charging and discharging currents. If, for instance, the non-electrically conductive seal is damaged, then the surface area, particularly the capacitance-forming area, increases when moisture escapes, thus changing the capacitance of the contact area, especially the contact electrode.

[0044] It is therefore expedient if the method for manufacturing a functional device further includes the following step:

[0045] - Incorporating at least one functional component into the housing.

[0046] It is also advantageous if the functional device is further designed for the filtration of fluids, especially liquids, and / or if the functional device is designed for microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and / or hyperfiltration.

[0047] However, it is also possible that the functional device is a device which is preferably not only suitable for conveying a fluid, but is also suitable for other functions, in particular those which are determined by the at least one electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing and / or the at least one functional component.

[0048] It is also preferred if at least one functional component is arranged between two electrically conductive functional layers, each encapsulated by the housing.

[0049] It is further preferred that the functional device comprises two contact foils, wherein the two electrically conductive functional layers, each encapsulated by the housing, are arranged between the two functional devices and each of the two electrically conductive functional layers, each encapsulated by the housing, is contacted by each of the two contact foils by means of the contact area, in particular so that the electrical contacting of the two electrically conductive functional layers, each encapsulated by the housing, by means of the two contact foils can be tested by means of an electrical measurement at the connection area of ​​the respective contact foil.This makes it possible, for example, to determine the potential difference between the two contact foils, which is a simple and robust measurement that, in particular, has no influence on the functional properties, such as the filtration, of the functional device, especially compared to a measurement with a modulated alternating voltage.

[0050] Thus, when an electrical voltage is applied to the two contact foils, a homogeneous electric field distribution is possible between and / or on the two electrically conductive functional layers encapsulated by the housing.

[0051] Advantageously, the functional device can be tested by means of a potential measurement and / or by means of an electrical resistance measurement through electrical contacting of the connection area.

[0052] It is advantageous if the method for testing the electrical continuity of a contact area and / or a feedthrough area of ​​the at least one contact foil of the functional device, in particular according to the invention, is used, wherein preferably the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area of ​​the at least one contact foil is tested by means of an electrical potential measurement and / or that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area of ​​the at least one contact foil is tested by means of an electrical resistance measurement.

[0053] The potential measurement is preferably carried out with a voltage between 1 pV and 24 V, more preferably between 1 mV and 12 V, more preferably between 1.0 V and 5 V, and even more preferably between 1.5 V and 3 V. Such low voltages have little or no effect on the operation of the functional device. Thus, it is possible for the voltage used to be below the electrolysis voltage of the two electrically conductive materials in contact.

[0054] It is possible that a DC voltage is used exclusively for the potential test and / or that an AC voltage, in particular a sawtooth voltage modulated onto the DC voltage, is used for the potential test and / or the resistance measurement, wherein the AC voltage preferably has a maximum amplitude of 6 V, more preferably of a maximum of 4 V, and / or a frequency between 1 mHz and 10 Hz and / or a potential change rate between 5 mV / s and 2000 mV / s.

[0055] Depending on the electrical measurement method used, it is also possible to determine properties of the fluid, the functional device, in particular its tightness, pressure resistance, mechanical integrity and / or stability, service life, the encapsulated electrically conductive functional layer, the contact film, and / or the functional component of the device. This can be achieved in particular through calibration measurements, which correlate the corresponding electrical measured values ​​with the properties.

[0056] In particular, the use of a contact film according to the invention in a functional device according to the invention is also conceivable for determining, especially internal, properties of the functional device, preferably for determining the correct functioning of the functional device, the mechanical integrity, preferably of internal parts and / or of, especially encapsulated in the housing, functional components of the functional device, the tightness of the device, the service life of the functional device and / or the filter performance of the functional device.

[0057] In particular, a method for determining properties of the internal state of a functional device, especially a functional device according to the invention, is also conceivable, in particular wherein the functional device is designed for conveying a fluid, and wherein the functional device comprises a housing, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0058] - Providing at least one contact film, in particular a contact film according to the invention, wherein the at least one contact film comprises a plastic carrier layer and at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein the at least one contact film is connected to the housing, in particular mechanically, wherein the contact film has a contact area, a feed-through area and a connection area, wherein the connection area is arranged outside the housing, wherein the contact area, the feed-through area and the connection area are electrically connected by means of a first area or by means of a first area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer, and wherein the contact area is connected to the connection area through the housing by means of the feed-through area,

[0059] - Checking the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area using the connection area,

[0060] - Determining, in particular internal, properties of the functional device as a function of the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area. Furthermore, the use of a contact film according to the invention in and / or for a functional device, in particular a functional device according to the invention, for determining, in particular internal, properties of the functional device, preferably by means of an electrical measurement of the contact film, is conceivable.

[0061] It is further advantageous that the at least one contact film and / or the electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing, in particular the double-sided metallized filter membrane film, and / or that the at least one functional component, is arranged inside the housing.

[0062] It is also advantageous if the housing encloses and / or encloses a volume, particularly if the fluid is guided and / or conductive within that volume. It is further preferred if the fluid is also guided and / or conductive through the functional component.

[0063] It is also possible that the housing is made up of two or more parts.

[0064] Advantageously, the contact foil is bonded to the housing. This ensures particularly high mechanical stability, resulting in high measurement accuracy and long-term stable readings. Furthermore, this design enables exceptionally high sealing and pressure resistance.

[0065] Preferably, the functional device has a pressure resistance of at least 1 bar, more preferably 3 bar, more preferably at least 4 bar, and even more preferably at least 5 bar. It is also preferred that the functional device has a high degree of tightness, preferably tightness against liquids, preferably water, blood and / or serum, gases or gas mixtures, preferably air and / or natural gas, and oils, preferably petroleum and / or mineral oil.

[0066] However, it is also possible that the contact foil is positively or force-fit connected to the housing.

[0067] Furthermore, it is possible that the housing is made from injection-molded parts. In other words, it is advantageous if the housing was manufactured using injection molding, meaning that the housing consists of injection-molded parts.

[0068] Furthermore, it is also possible that the housing is made of materials selected individually or in combination from the group: plastics, in particular ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers), PC (polycarbonate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), MABS (methyl methacrylate acrylate butadiene styrene), PP (polypropylene), BOPP (biaxially oriented polypropylene), COC (cycloolefin copolymers), COP (cycloolefin polymer), metals, in particular steel, stainless steel, glass, ceramics.

[0069] Regarding further possible configurations of the contact film in the functional device, reference is made to the explanations below concerning the contact film. The following describes, among other things, further preferred embodiments of the method for manufacturing a functional device:

[0070] Thus, it is possible that the joining of the at least one contact foil to the housing is carried out by means of a process, individually or in combination, selected from the group of hot stamping, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, and injection molding.

[0071] It is further advisable for the procedure to include the following steps:

[0072] - Providing and / or producing two or more housing parts,

[0073] - Joining the two or more housing parts by means of a process, individually or in combination, selected from the group of hot stamping, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, injection molding.

[0074] It is also possible that the steps of providing and / or producing the housing, in particular the two or more housing parts, and the step of connecting the at least one contact film to the housing, and optionally the step of joining the two or more housing parts together, are carried out by back injection molding with a plastic compound. This creates a mechanically stable composite, which has a positive effect on the tightness and pressure resistance as well as on the firm bond between the contact film and the housing.

[0075] It is advantageous for the back injection to be carried out at a pressure between 500 bar and 2000 bar, preferably between 600 bar and 1500 bar, at a temperature between 200 °C and 350 °C, preferably between 230 °C and 300 °C.

[0076] Furthermore, it is possible that during hot stamping, the stamping temperature is in a range of 80°C to 250°C, preferably in a range of 100°C to 220°C, and / or the stamping pressure is in a range of 0.5 kN / cm². 2 up to 10 kN / cm 2 , and / or the embossing time is in the range of 50 ms to 5000 ms, preferably in the range of 500 ms to 2000 ms. In this context, hot embossing can also include, in particular, hot lamination and / or hot gluing.

[0077] Furthermore, it is possible that a high-frequency mechanical vibration between 20 and 35 kHz is present during ultrasonic welding.

[0078] Furthermore, it is also possible that during injection molding of a plastic compound a temperature between 200 °C and 300 °C and / or a pressure between 500 bar and 2000 bar is present.

[0079] The procedure expediently includes in particular the following further step:

[0080] - Insertion of a seal, preferably a sealing rubber, more preferably a sealing ring rubber, into the housing, particularly in the feed-through area of ​​the at least one contact film.

[0081] This can further improve the tightness and pressure resistance.

[0082] The following describes, among other things, further preferred embodiments of the contact film: It is preferably possible that the contact film serves for the electrical contacting of a filter membrane film metallized on both sides, preferably which is arranged inside a membrane filter, which further preferably forms the functional device, in particular for guiding a fluid.

[0083] Advantageously, the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested using the connection area.

[0084] It is also preferred that galvanic isolation is provided in the contact area, the feedthrough area, and the connection area in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested. It is also possible that galvanic isolation, particularly in the contact area, the feedthrough area, and / or the connection area, is provided in the first region of the at least one electrically conductive layer in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested.

[0085] Furthermore, it is possible for the contact foil to be used in a functional device designed to conduct a fluid and comprising a housing, wherein the contact foil is preferably connected to the housing, particularly in a mechanically secure manner. Regarding the further possible arrangement and / or fastening of the contact foil in the functional device, reference is made to the above descriptions within the context of the device. It is also advantageous if the electrically conductive layer between the at least two first contact points is electrically conductive, particularly in an undamaged state.

[0086] Preferably, the contact area is ring-shaped. Alternatively or additionally, the contact area can be configured such that it runs along the outer contour of the contact film and / or along a circumferential connection contour of a housing of the functional device. Such a configuration is advantageous, for example, for use in a membrane filter.

[0087] Additionally, it is also possible that the contact film has at least one recess, which is particularly enclosed by the contact area.

[0088] It is further possible that the at least one recess is circular and, in particular, located inside the annular contact area. It is also possible that the at least one recess is directly adjacent to the annular contact area.

[0089] The term "ring-shaped" here refers specifically to the fact that the contact area, when viewed from above, forms a ring or a segment of a ring. In other words, at least part of the electrically conductive layer is arranged in a circle.

[0090] However, it is also possible that the contact area, when viewed from above, has a shape selected from the following group: linear, rectangular, square, oval, zigzag, serpentine, sawtooth. It is also conceivable that the contact area of ​​the electrically conductive layer exhibits combinations of these shapes.

[0091] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the at least one electrically conductive layer has a second area which is galvanically isolated from the first area, in particular wherein the contact area, the feedthrough area and the connection area are electrically connected by means of the second area or through the second area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer.

[0092] It is advantageous here that the electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing is electrically contacted by means of both the first and the second area or by both the first and the second area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer.

[0093] This makes it possible to determine the correct connection of, for example, a filter electrode of a membrane filter to the contact area by means of a pure potential test.

[0094] It is further advantageous that the first and / or second area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer in the contact area is or is not continuously electrically conductive.

[0095] It may also be advantageous if the contact area, in particular the first, second and / or third area and / or the at least two fourth areas of the at least one electrically conductive layer, is in direct contact with the functional component and / or the at least one electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing, in particular if no further layers are arranged in between.

[0096] Furthermore, it is possible that the contact film is firmly bonded to the functional component and / or to the at least one electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing. It is also possible that the contact film is applied directly to the functional component and / or to the at least one electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing, at least in certain areas.

[0097] It is also possible that the contact film is arranged at least partially directly on the functional component and / or on the at least one electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing.

[0098] It is also possible that the contact film has a sensor area, preferably formed by a third area of ​​the electrically conductive layer or a further electrically conductive layer, and which is galvanically isolated from the first and / or second area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer, further preferably wherein the feedthrough area and the connection area are electrically connected by means of the third area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer or the further electrically conductive layer.

[0099] It is advantageous that the electrically conductive functional layer and / or functional component encapsulated by the housing is not electrically contacted via the sensor area of ​​the contact film. Instead, the corresponding electrically conductive layer of the sensor area maintains a predetermined distance from the electrically conductive functional layer or functional component encapsulated by the housing. Preferably, this distance is greater than 50 pm, and more preferably between 100 pm and 200 pm.

[0100] This makes it possible, for example, to determine the resistance of the fluid and / or its properties before and after passing through a membrane filter using electrical resistance measurement. Such real-time measurements can also be used to determine the remaining service life and / or the filtering efficiency of a membrane filter, and / or to draw conclusions about the formation of the filter cake.

[0101] It is advantageous for the first area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer in the connection area to have two connection points, in particular galvanically isolated ones, and / or for the second and / or third area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer in the connection area to have one connection point.

[0102] Advantageously, the contact area has one or more contact protrusions, in particular by means of which an electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by a housing of the functional device and / or a functional component can be electrically contacted.

[0103] In particular, the electrically conductive functional layer and / or the functional component encapsulated by the housing is not electrically contacted by the rest of the contact area, but preferably only by means of the one or more contact protrusions. It is therefore advantageous if only the one or more contact protrusions through the housing electrically contact the electrically conductive functional layer and / or the functional component encapsulated by the housing.

[0104] This makes it possible to obtain fewer interfaces inside the functional device, which may contain soluble and, in particular, undesirable substances in the medical field, so that these undesirable substances can be reduced, and at the same time the volume and / or the flow cross-sectional area in the installation space of the functional device can be increased.

[0105] It is also preferred if the at least one electrically conductive layer has at least two fourth areas, in particular wherein the at least two fourth areas are galvanically separated from each other, in particular wherein an electrically conductive functional layer enclosed by a housing of the functional device and / or a functional component can be electrically contacted by means of each of the at least two fourth areas.

[0106] Here too, it is advantageous if the contact area, the feedthrough area and the connection area are electrically connected by means of one of the at least two fourth areas of the at least one electrically conductive layer, in particular so that each of the at least two fourth areas can be contacted individually.

[0107] This makes it possible, for example, to contact a segmented membrane and / or to generate different electric fields in different areas, particularly depending on the specific design of the contact points through the at least two fourth regions of the at least one electrically conductive layer. It is also particularly advantageous that the first, second, and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions of the at least one electrically conductive layer have a lateral distance in a layer plane of at least 50 pm, preferably at least 75 pm, more preferably at least 100 pm, and even more preferably at least 200 pm, from each other.

[0108] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the first, second and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions of the at least one electrically conductive layer, in particular in the feedthrough region and / or connection region, are arranged at least partially and / or completely parallel to each other, in particular laterally in a layer plane.

[0109] Furthermore, it is possible that the contact film has at least in some areas one or more insulating layers, in particular wherein the one or more insulating layers are applied at least in some areas to the at least one electrically conductive layer.

[0110] It is advantageous for the electrically conductive layer to be single or multilayered and / or to be a metal layer comprising materials, individually or as a mixture, alloy, or eutectic, selected from the group of precious metals, in particular gold, silver, palladium, platinum, indium, osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, and semi-precious metals, in particular copper. However, it is also possible for the electrically conductive layer to be a metal layer of aluminum or other non-precious, electrically conductive metals, individually or as a mixture, alloy, or eutectic. Furthermore, it is possible for the electrically conductive layer to be a layer of carbon or to comprise or contain carbon. It is also possible for the electrically conductive layer to comprise or contain electrically conductive plastic such as PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).Furthermore, it is possible that the electrically conductive layer includes or contains electrically conductive oxides such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide).

[0111] It is also possible that the at least one conductive layer is multilayered, in particular wherein the side facing the electrically conductive functional layer encapsulated by the housing is made of a precious metal or a semi-precious metal.

[0112] It is also possible that the first, second and / or third area and / or the at least two fourth areas of the at least one electrically conductive layer and / or the further electrically conductive layer are formed as one or more layers.

[0113] Furthermore, it is possible if the at least one electrically conductive layer, in particular the first, second, and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions of the at least one electrically conductive layer, is formed as one or more layers in the connection region, in the feedthrough region, and / or in the contact region, and / or comprises two or more different metals. It is also advantageous if the first, second, and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions of the at least one electrically conductive layer are formed from the same electrically conductive material, in particular metal, or if the first, second, and / or third region of the at least one electrically conductive layer are formed from different electrically conductive materials, in particular metals. For example, the first region can be made of gold and the third region of palladium.Furthermore, it is possible that, for example, the first area is made of gold and the second area is multi-layered, with the top layer again being made of gold.

[0114] It is also possible that at least one of the first, second and / or third areas and / or the at least two fourth areas of the at least one electrically conductive layer is multilayered.

[0115] It is also advantageous that the electrically conductive layer, in particular the first, second and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions of the electrically conductive layer, has a conductivity between 0.1 Q / m 2 and 10 sq m 2 exhibits and / or that the connection area, in particular the first, second and / or third area and / or the at least two fourth areas of the electrically conductive layer, has a conductivity between 0.1 Q / m 2 and 300 sq m 2exhibits and / or that the electrically conductive layer has a layer thickness between 20 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 50 nm and 60 nm.

[0116] Preferably, the connection area comprises an electrically conductive paste, in particular carbon paste, which preferably covers silver, gold, aluminum, copper, chromium and / or other conductive metals within the electrically conductive layer and protects them, in particular, from environmental influences. It is especially preferred if the connection area includes carbon black, in particular carbon black.

[0117] It is further preferred that the contact film has one or more primer layers, in particular those which form the surface of the contact film.

[0118] It is possible that the one or more primer layers comprise polymers and / or copolymers, in particular PVC (polyvinyl chloride), Acrylates, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) or SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) or SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene), and / or that the one or more primer layers have layer thicknesses between 0.1 pm and 50 pm, preferably between 0.25 pm and 25 pm, more preferably between 0.5 pm and 7 pm.

[0119] This allows a high degree of sealing to be achieved by melting the primer layers when the contact foil is connected to the housing.

[0120] Advantageously, the plastic support layer (5) comprises polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), methyl methacrylate acrylate butadiene styrene (MABS) and / or polycarbonate (PC). Alternatively or additionally, it is advantageous that the plastic support layer has a thickness between 15 pm and 300 pm, preferably between 30 pm and 100 pm, and more preferably between 50 pm and 75 pm.

[0121] Furthermore, the plastic carrier layer is preferably a flexible plastic film. It is also advantageous that the first, second and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions of the at least one electrically conductive layer form at least one conductive track, in particular wherein the conductive track has a width between 10 pm and 5000 pm, preferably between 50 pm and 200 pm.

[0122] It is also possible that the contact film has one or more dielectric layers, in particular one or more layers of water- or solvent-based plastics and / or PET, and / or that the contact film comprises one or more further electrically conductive layers, preferably having one or more further electrically conductive areas which more preferably form conductor tracks.

[0123] In this case, it is possible that at least one of the one or more additional electrically conductive layers makes electrical contact with the at least one electrically conductive layer.

[0124] It is further advantageous if electronic components and / or sensors, in particular surface-mount devices (SMDs), are arranged on the electrically conductive layer or on one or more further electrically conductive layers.

[0125] Advantageously, the contact film has a total thickness between 15 pm and 300 pm, preferably between 30 pm and 100 pm. A method for producing a contact film can advantageously be carried out. The contact film according to the invention is produced in particular by the method.

[0126] It is thus possible to provide a method for producing a contact film according to the invention, in particular according to one of claims 23 to 37, wherein the method comprises the following steps, which are preferably carried out in the specified order:

[0127] - Providing a plastic carrier layer,

[0128] - Application of the electrically conductive layer, in particular by vapor deposition, sputtering, printing or casting

[0129] - Structuring of the electrically conductive layer, in particular by means of a laser, such that the electrically conductive layer has a first area by means of which a contact area, a feedthrough area and a connection area are electrically connected.

[0130] Furthermore, it is possible to structure the other areas, in particular the second and / or third area and the two or more fourth areas, of the at least one electrically conductive layer using the method.

[0131] It is preferred that a laser, in particular a fiber laser, is used for structuring. Advantageously, the laser radiation has a wavelength of 1060 nm and the laser beam a focus diameter of approximately 40 pm or more. Where areas are numbered here, this serves only to distinguish the areas and does not imply the existence of an area with a lower number. The features, effects, and advantages described in connection with the functional device can also be applied analogously to the methods for manufacturing or testing a functional device, as well as to the contact film, and are thus considered to be disclosed. The same applies in the reverse direction: features, effects, and advantages described in connection with the contact film and the methods for manufacturing or testing a functional device are also transferable to the contact film and are considered to be disclosed.

[0132] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained with the aid of the enclosed figures, which are not to scale.

[0133] Figures 1a to 1e schematically show a functional device as well as enlarged sections of different embodiments of the functional device.

[0134] Figs. 2a and 2b schematically show embodiments of

[0135] Functional devices

[0136] Figures 3a and 3b schematically show methods for manufacturing a functional device.

[0137] Fig. 4 schematically shows a method for testing a

[0138] Functional device

[0139] Figures 5a and 5b show views of a contact film.

[0140] Figs. 6a and 6b show schematic views of a

[0141] multilayer body as part of a functional device

[0142] Figs. 7a and 7b show schematic views of a

[0143] multilayer body as part of a functional device

[0144] Figs. 8a and 8b show schematic views of a

[0145] Multilayer body as part of a functional device. Figures 9a to 9c show schematic views of a

[0146] multilayer body as part of a functional device

[0147] Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of a

[0148] multilayer body as part of a functional device

[0149] Fig. 11 shows a schematic view of a

[0150] multilayer body as part of a functional device

[0151] Figures 12a to 12c show a schematic view of a

[0152] multilayer body as part of a functional device

[0153] Figs. 1a to 1e schematically show a functional device 1 as well as enlarged sections of different embodiments of the functional device 1.

[0154] Figure 1a shows a functional device 1 comprising a housing 2 and a contact foil 3. The functional device 1 shown in Figure 1a is designed to conduct a fluid. The contact foil 3 has a plastic carrier layer and an electrically conductive layer 6, as shown in Figures 1d and 1e. Further possible embodiments of the contact foil 3 can be seen in Figures 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 9c, 10, 11 and 12a, 12b, 12c, which can also be used in the functional device shown in Figure 1a. The contact foil 3 is connected to the housing, in particular by a mechanical connection. For the possible connection methods, please refer to the descriptions in Figures 3a and 3b. As can be seen from Figs. 1d and 1e and also from the other figures, the contact foil has a contact area 8, which is located inside the housing 2, a connection area 9 and a feed-through area 7.As can be seen in Figures 1d and 1e, the contact foil 3 is guided through the housing 2 by means of the feedthrough area. The connection area 9 is arranged outside the housing 2 and is connected to the contact area 8 via the feedthrough area 7. The contact area 8, the connection area 9, and the feedthrough area 7 all have the electrically conductive layer 6 and are electrically connected via this layer.

[0155] The housing shown in Figs. 1a to 1e is made in two parts and comprises the two housing parts 2a and 2b. Furthermore, the housing shown in Figs. 1 to 1e encloses a volume in which a fluid can flow.

[0156] Figs. 1b and 1c show enlarged sections 14a of the functional device shown in Fig. 1a.

[0157] In Fig. 1b, the contact foil 3 is inserted between the two housing parts 2a and 2b and firmly connected to them. In particular, the contact foil 3 is connected to the two housing parts 2a and 2b in such a way that the functional device 1 as a whole has a pressure resistance of at least 1 bar, preferably at least 3 bar, more preferably at least 4 bar, and even more preferably at least 5 bar, and / or that the functional device 1 has a high degree of tightness, preferably that the functional device 1 is tight against liquids, preferably water, blood and / or serum, gases or gas mixtures, preferably air and / or natural gas, and oils, preferably petroleum and / or mineral oil. Fig. 1d again shows the enlarged section 14b from Fig. 1b. In Fig. 1d, the feedthrough area 7 and the connection area 9 of the contact foil 3 are shown.The contact area 8 is located inside the housing parts 2a and 2b and connects to the feedthrough area 7. As can be seen in Fig. 1d, the contact foil is guided through the housing by means of the feedthrough area 7, so that electrical contact can be made outside the housing.

[0158] Figure 1c shows a functional component 4 arranged between two contact foils 3, which are inserted between the two housing parts 2a and 2b and firmly connected to them. The functional component 4 can be, for example, a filter, in particular a filter membrane foil metallized on both sides, an electronic component, an optical component, in particular optical fibers, an optoelectronic component, an electromechanical component, an actuator, a thermocouple, a semiconductor, in particular a PTC thermistor and / or a thermistor, a quartz crystal, a seal, in particular a rubber seal and / or a rubber sealing ring, or a thermochromatic element, in particular a thermochromatic paint. Depending on the electrical conductivity of the component, the purpose of the contact is either to establish an electrical connection to the component or to indirectly test whether the component is, for example, broken.This can be done by testing the electrical conductivity of contact area 8, as it may no longer conduct continuously due to a break in the component.

[0159] Fig. 1e again shows the enlarged section 14c from Fig. 1c. In Fig. 1e, the functional component 4 is electrically contacted by a contact foil 3. As can be seen in Fig. 1e, the electrically conductive layers 6 point towards the functional component 4 and make contact with it. The functional component 4 has two electrically conductive functional layers 4a (not shown), each of which is electrically contacted by an electrically conductive layer 6 of a contact foil 3. A corresponding contact arrangement can be seen, for example, in Figs. 7a and 7b. The electrical contact of the two electrically conductive functional layers 4b, each enclosed by the housing 2, can now be tested by means of an electrical measurement at the connection areas 9 of the respective contact foil 3.

[0160] In Figures 1a to 1e, the electrical continuity of the contact area 8 and / or the feedthrough area 7 can be tested using the connection area 9. Depending on the specific design of the contact foil 3 and the number and arrangement of the contact foils 3 in the housing 2, various electrical measurements can be performed, and conclusions can be drawn about the internal condition of the functional component 4 and / or the functional device 1. The electrical measurements can include, for example, applying electrical potentials and measuring the current flow and / or inducing electrical currents and measuring the required voltage.

[0161] Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b show schematic embodiments of functional devices 1 .

[0162] The functional device 1 shown in Fig. 2a corresponds essentially to the functional device 1 shown in Fig. 1e, wherein the functional device shown in Fig. 2a is specifically a membrane filter comprising a double-sided metallized filter membrane film 4 and two contact films 3. As shown in Fig. 2a, the double-sided metallized filter membrane film 4 is arranged between the two contact films 3, and each side of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film 4 is electrically contacted by one of the two contact films 3 via the contact area 8. Thus, the electrical contact of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film 4 via the two contact films 3 can be tested by means of an electrical measurement at the connection area 9 of the respective contact film 3. Furthermore, the electrically conductive layer 6 of the contact films 3 is shown in Fig.In the embodiment shown in Figure 2a, the contact area 8, the connection area 9, and the feedthrough area are galvanically isolated in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area and / or the feedthrough area can be tested, as shown in Figures 7a and 7b. In such a configuration, a homogeneous field distribution is also achieved, in particular, across the metal layers of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film 4.

[0163] The functional device 1 shown in Fig. 2b essentially corresponds to the functional device 1 shown in Fig. 1d, except that here, the contact foil 3, which is inserted between the two housing parts 2a and 2b, can be used, for example, to determine whether a functional component located inside the housing is mechanically damaged. Here, the contact area 8 has a shape that corresponds to the functional component. Furthermore, the contact foil 3 is also designed here as shown in Figs. 7a and 7b. If the functional component breaks, for example, due to excessive line pressure in the functional device 1, the contact area 8 will also be damaged, especially if it is firmly connected to the functional component. This can be determined, for example, by an electrical resistance measurement, a potential measurement, or a capacitance measurement. Fig. 3a and Fig.3b schematically shows a method for manufacturing a functional device 1.

[0164] Figure 3a shows a method for manufacturing a functional device 1, the method comprising the following steps: a) providing a contact film 3 comprising a plastic carrier layer 5 and an electrically conductive layer 6, wherein the contact film 3 has a contact area 8, a feedthrough area 7 and a connection area 9, wherein the contact area 8, the feedthrough area 7 and the connection area 9 are electrically connected by means of the electrically conductive layer 6, b) providing and / or producing a housing 2, c) connecting, in particular mechanically fixed, the at least one contact film 3 to the housing 2, such that the connection area 9 is arranged outside the housing 2 and that the contact area 8 is connected to the connection area 9 through the housing 2 by means of the feedthrough area 7.

[0165] Advantageously, the contact foil 3 is joined to the housing using a process selected individually or in combination from the group consisting of hot stamping, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, and injection molding. For possible process parameters, please refer to the above explanations.

[0166] Furthermore, it is possible that two or more housing parts 2a, 2b are provided or produced, which are joined by a process selected individually or in combination from the group consisting of hot stamping, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, and injection molding. It is also possible that steps b) and c), and optionally the step of joining the two or more housing parts 2a, 2b together, are carried out by back injection molding with a plastic compound.

[0167] However, the method shown in Fig. 3a can also include further steps:

[0168] - Inserting at least one functional component 4 into the housing 2,

[0169] - Insertion of a seal, preferably a sealing rubber, more preferably a sealing ring rubber, into the housing 2, in particular in the feedthrough area 7 of the at least one contact foil 3.

[0170] Fig. 3b shows a method for manufacturing a functional device 1 using the example of a membrane filter.

[0171] First, in step a), one or more contact foils 3 are produced. Regarding possible configurations of the contact foils 3, reference is made to the above descriptions and to the illustrations in Figures 5a to 12c. Then, in step b), one contact foil 3 is back-injected, creating one housing half 2a, 2b. In the subsequent step c), a contact test is performed, which is specifically tailored to the particular contact foil 3 used. For example, the electrical continuity is checked to determine whether the contact area 8 was damaged during back-injection. In step d), a double-sided metallized filter membrane 4 is then inserted between the two housing halves 2a, 2b. The two contact foils 3 are mechanically pressed onto the double-sided metallized filter membrane 4.In the subsequent step e), the two housing halves 2a, 2b are joined by ultrasonic welding. In step f), a contact test is then performed to determine, in particular, whether the contact areas 8 of the two contact foils 3 each make contact with one side of the double-sided metallized filter membrane foil 4. Ideally, the ultrasonic welding process creates a metallurgical bond between the contact foil 3 and the housing 2. Finally, in step g), a leak test is performed.

[0172] Before step e), a rubber sealing ring can also be inserted, particularly behind the contact electrode. The feed-through area 7 of the respective contact foil 3 seals between the ultrasonically welded housing parts 2a, 2b. Furthermore, the contact foils may have primer layers 11, in particular those forming the surface of the contact foils 3. These primer layers 11 can melt during ultrasonic welding and thus improve the seal.

[0173] Fig. 4 schematically shows a method for testing a functional device 1. The functional devices shown above can be tested after completion or, as explained in Fig. 3b, during manufacturing. For this purpose, a functional device 1 is first provided in step a). Regarding possible embodiments of the functional device 1, reference is made to the above descriptions. Subsequently, in step b), the functional device 1 is tested by means of an electrical potential measurement and / or by means of an electrical resistance measurement through electrical contact of the corresponding connection area.

[0174] Preferably, the test is carried out by means of a potential measurement with a voltage between 1 pV and 24 V, more preferably between 1 mV and 12 V, more preferably between 1.0 V and 5 V, and even more preferably between 1.5 V and 3 V. It is advantageous if, in particular, a DC voltage is used exclusively for the potential test and / or if, in the potential test and / or the resistance measurement, an AC voltage modulated onto the DC voltage, in particular a sawtooth voltage modulated onto the DC voltage, is used, wherein the AC voltage preferably has a maximum amplitude of 6 V, more preferably of a maximum of 4 V, and / or has a frequency between 1 mHz and 10 Hz.

[0175] Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b show views of a contact foil 3.

[0176] The contact foil 3 shown in Figs. 5a and 5b is intended for use in a functional device 1, such as those shown above. As can be seen in Fig. 5a, the contact foil 3 has a plastic carrier layer 5 and an electrically conductive layer 6. Furthermore, the contact foil 3 has a contact area 8, a feedthrough area 7, and a connection area 9. The electrically conductive layer 6 is present in the contact area 8, the feedthrough area 7, and the connection area 9, so that these areas are electrically connected.

[0177] Figure 5b shows a cross-section through the contact foil 3 along the section line 15a shown in Figure 5a. As shown in Figure 5b, the contact foil 3 has the plastic carrier layer 5 and the electrically conductive layer 6. Furthermore, the contact foil 3 has the electrically conductive layer 6a in the connection area 9. The layer 6a is preferably an electrically conductive paste, in particular a carbon paste, which protects or covers silver, gold, aluminum, copper, chromium, and / or other conductive metals, especially in the electrically conductive layer 6, from environmental influences. The electrically conductive layer 6a shown in Figure 5b is a layer of carbon black paste. Carbon black paste contains, for example, carbon black.Layer 6a is designed to form a contact connector with multiple contact fields, enabling electrical contact with contact foil 3. Alternatively, electrically conductive layers 6 and 6a can also be connected using adhesive bonds, bonded connections, soldered connections, or welded connections.

[0178] Furthermore, the contact film 3 has the dielectric layers 12a and 12b. Layer 12a is a lacquer layer made of water-based plastics, and layer 12b is a partially thermo-laminated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer. The layers 11 of Fig. 5b are primer layers, which, as can be seen in Fig. 5b, are arranged on both surfaces of the contact film 3.

[0179] The primer layers 11 preferably comprise polymers and / or copolymers, in particular PVC (polyvinyl chloride), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate), acrylates or SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) or SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene). Furthermore, the primer layers 11 can have thicknesses between 0.1 pm and 50 pm, preferably between 0.25 pm and 25 pm, and more preferably between 0.5 pm and 7 pm.

[0180] The plastic carrier layer 5 preferably comprises polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MABS), and / or polycarbonate (PC), and further preferably has a thickness between 15 µm and 300 µm, more preferably between 12 and 100 µm, and more preferably between 50 µm and 75 µm. The plastic carrier layer is also preferably a flexible plastic film. The plastic carrier layer 5 shown in Fig. 5b is a PET layer.

[0181] The electrically conductive layer 6 in Fig. 5b is made of gold (Au). However, it is also possible that the electrically conductive layer 6 is made of another precious metal, such as silver, palladium, platinum, indium, osmium, ruthenium, or rhodium. Furthermore, it is possible that the electrically conductive layer is multilayered and, for example, only the top layer, i.e., the side facing away from the plastic support layer 5, consists of a precious metal, while the underlying metal layer consists of a non-precious metal. It is also conceivable, however, that the electrically conductive layer consists of a non-precious metal or other conductive materials.

[0182] The electrically conductive layer 6 is preferably applied to the plastic substrate layer 5 in a layer thickness between 20 nm and 100 nm and structured. The layer thickness of the electrically conductive layer shown in Fig. 5a is, for example, 50 nm.

[0183] It is advantageous if the electrically conductive layer 6 has a conductivity between 0.1 Q / m. 2 and 10 sq m 2 exhibits and / or that the connection area 9 has a conductivity between 0.1 Q / m 2 and 300 sq m 2 exhibits.

[0184] Advantageously, the contact foil 3 has a total thickness between 15 pm and 300 pm, preferably between 30 pm and 100 pm.

[0185] As can be seen in Fig. 5a, the contact area 8 is ring-shaped, in particular forming a contact ring. Such a design is particularly advantageous for use in a membrane filter, since the filter membrane or filter element to be electrically contacted is round. It is therefore useful if the contact foil 3 has a recess, which is enclosed by the contact area 8.

[0186] For example, the outer radius of the ring may be between 11.5 mm and 13 mm and / or the inner radius of the ring may be between 10 mm and 11 mm. For instance, the inner radius of the ring shown in Fig. 5a is 10.75 mm and the outer radius is 12.75 mm.

[0187] However, it is also possible that the contact area 8 has a different shape. For example, it is conceivable that it is rectangular if a filter has a rectangular shape.

[0188] Figs. 6a and 6b show schematic views of a multilayer body 10 as part of a functional device 1. Fig. 6b shows the cross-section of the multilayer body shown in Fig. 6a along section line 15b.

[0189] Figures 6a and 6b illustrate the electrical contacting of a functional component 4 by means of two contact foils 3 in a functional device 1. This is shown here using the example of a double-sided metallized filter membrane foil 4, which consists of or comprises the two gold layers 4b and the filter membrane 4a. Thus, the two gold layers 4b are each contacted by means of a contact foil 3. For clarity, only the functional component 4 and the contact foil 3 are shown here. The contact foil 3 comprises the electrically conductive layer 6 and the plastic carrier layer 5. For possible configurations of these layers, please refer to the above descriptions. The electrical continuity of the contact area 8 and / or the feedthrough area 7 can now be tested via the connection area 9.To test the contact during the filtration process, an AC voltage additionally modulated onto a DC voltage can be used for a capacitive surface contact test.

[0190] Figs. 7a and 7b show schematic views of a multilayer body 10 as part of a functional device 1. Fig. 7b shows the cross-section of the multilayer body shown in Fig. 7a along section line 15b.

[0191] The multilayer body shown in Figures 7a and 7b corresponds to the multilayer body 10 shown in Figures 6a and 6b, with the difference that galvanic isolation is incorporated into the full-surface conductive coating such that the continuity of the ring contact 8 can be verified in the assembled state. As can be seen in Figures 7a and 7b, galvanic isolation is incorporated into the contact area 8, the feedthrough area 7, and the connection area in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area 8 and / or the feedthrough area 7 can be verified. In other words, the electrically conductive layer 6 has galvanic isolation as described above, or the electrically conductive layer 6 is structured in such a way that an area is created which exhibits galvanic isolation.

[0192] This design allows for verification of whether the ring contact, i.e., contact area 8, is damaged during application, for example, by direct injection molding of the contact ring into a housing half 2a, 2b, or whether the feedthrough area 7 to the ring contact 8 is damaged by ultrasonic welding. This test can also be performed at any time during the use of the functional device 1. The resistance between the two galvanically isolated terminals allows conclusions to be drawn about a possible defect in the ring contact 8 and / or the existing membrane connection or contact with the filter membrane 4.

[0193] Figs. 8a and 8b show schematic views of a multilayer body 10 as part of a functional device 1. Fig. 8b shows the cross-section of the multilayer body shown in Fig. 8a along section line 15b.

[0194] The multilayer body shown in Figures 8a and 8b corresponds to the multilayer body 10 shown in Figures 7a and 7b, with the difference that, in addition to region 16a of the electrically conductive layer 6, it also has region 16b of the electrically conductive layer 6. As can be seen in Figures 8a and 8b, regions 16a and 16b are galvanically isolated. Furthermore, region 16a and region 16b are continuously conductive. Region 16b, like region 16a, also has contact with the two gold layers 4b. Region 16b is also configured as a partial ring contact, as shown in Figure 8a. However, it is also possible for region 16b to have a different shape. Such a configuration makes it possible to verify the correct connection of the filter electrode to the ring contact 16a by means of a simple potential test.

[0195] A potential can be measured across the metal layers, here the gold layers 4b, of the membrane film 4a when electrical contact exists between the ring contact (area 16a) and metal layer 4b of the membrane film 4a, as well as between the partial ring contact 16b (area 16b) and metal layer 4b of the membrane film 4a when a voltage is applied. This allows verification of whether the ring contact 16a is in contact with the metal layer 4b of the membrane film 4a. A resistance test of the partial ring contact electrode 16b against the ring electrode 16a can also be performed at any time during use, with the resistance representing the quality of the electrical contact.

[0196] Figures 9a to 9c show schematic views of a multilayer body 10 as part of a functional device 1. Figure 9b shows the cross-section of the multilayer body shown in Figure 8a along section line 15b and Figure 9c shows the cross-section of the multilayer body shown in Figure 8a along section line 15c.

[0197] The multilayer body shown in Figures 9a to 9c corresponds to the multilayer body 10 shown in Figures 8a and 8b, with the difference that this multilayer body also includes the sensor area 16c. The sensor area 16c is an additional measuring contact that is not in contact with the gold layers 4b. Rather, this additional measuring contact has a defined distance to the layers 4b. The sensor area 16c can be formed by the electrically conductive layer 6 or by another electrically conductive layer.

[0198] As can be seen in Figures 9a to 9c, the sensor area 16c is also galvanically isolated from areas 16a and 16c. The sensor area is also routed to the connection area 9 via the feedthrough area 7 and is electrically conductive throughout this section. Advantageously, areas 16a, 16b, and 16c are spaced at least 20 pm apart, preferably at least 40 pm apart, more preferably at least 60 pm apart, and even more preferably at least 100 pm apart. Through this measuring contact formed by the sensor area 16c, an electrical resistance between the metal layer, here the gold layer 4b, the membrane film 4a, and the measuring contact can now be measured externally during operation of the membrane filter 1. This electrical resistance is determined, in particular, by the liquid and its properties before and after passing through the membrane film 4a.Depending on the liquid, application, and membrane film 4a, it is possible, for example, to measure the quality of the desired filtration of this liquid and the condition of the membrane film 4a during operation, or how the condition of the membrane film 4a changes over time. Due to the high cost of membrane filters 1, this can prevent premature replacement of a still-functioning membrane filter 1 or allow for the replacement of membrane filters 1 that unexpectedly cease to function adequately at an early stage.

[0199] Fig. 10 schematically shows a view of a multilayer body 10 as part of a functional device 1. The multilayer body shown in Fig. 10 corresponds to the multilayer body shown in Fig. 6a, with the difference that the contact area 8 here also has the contact protrusions 13. The contact protrusions are shaped such that they contact the gold layers 4b through the housing 2 of the membrane filter. The number of contact protrusions 13 can vary and depends on the functional component to be contacted. The ring itself is larger than the ring shown in Fig. 6a and lies outside the filter area or liquid area of ​​the membrane filter. Only the contact protrusions that pass through the ultrasonic weld seam are located inside to contact the gold layers 4b.

[0200] Fig. 11 schematically shows a view of a multilayer body 10 as part of a functional device 1. As can be seen in Fig. 11, the electrically conductive layer 6 has regions 16d, which are galvanically isolated from one another. The gold layer 4b can be electrically contacted via the regions 16. In other words, as can be seen in Fig. 11, there are ring-shaped contact points. Specifically, there are four contacts in Fig. 11. Each of these contacts has its own connection for contacting the gold layers 4b and, for example, for performing a connection test. This makes it possible to contact a segmented membrane filter film 4 or its correspondingly segmented gold layers 4b in a correspondingly segmented manner. Different electric fields can also be generated in different areas of the membrane.

[0201] The multilayer body shown in Figures 12a to 12c corresponds to the multilayer body 10 shown in Figures 9a to 9c, with the difference that this multilayer body 10 has an additional external, circumferential electrode 16e. This electrode 16e is also located outside the sealing limit 17 and is furthermore arranged such that the electrode 16e is galvanically isolated both from the electrode 16a and from the double-sided metallized filter membrane film 4. In optimal operation, the electrode 16e does not come into contact with the liquid inside the filter housing 2, since the liquid only spreads up to the sealing limit 17. The circumferential electrode 16e is therefore also a region 16e of the electrically conductive layer 6, in particular one that is galvanically isolated from regions 16a, 16b and / or 16c, as can be seen in Figures 12b to 12c. In FigureIn contrast to the previous figures, figure 12b here indicates the housing 2 or the housing parts 2a, 2b of the functional device 1 and thus clarifies the arrangement of the multilayer body 10 as part of the functional device 1.

[0202] It can now be determined by measuring potential or resistance between electrode 16a or the inner electrode 16b and the outer electrode 16e whether the functional device 1 is leak-tight or pressure-resistant up to the leak-tightness limit 17. Preferably, the at least one inner electrode 16b is arranged completely circumferentially within the leak-tightness limit 17. The electrode 16b is adjacent to the electrode 16a and located within the entire spatially defined leak-tightness limit 17, shown here with a dashed line. The outer electrode 16e is preferably arranged completely circumferentially outside the leak-tightness limit 17 and is galvanically isolated from both the electrode 16a and the inner electrode 16b, and also has no electrical contact with the gold layer 4b of the membrane film 4a.

[0203] If the seal is not maintained, the liquid can pass the sealing limit 17 and reach the outer electrode 16e, particularly the space between electrode 16a and the outer electrode 16e. This creates an electrical connection between electrode 16a and the outer electrode 16e with a finite electrical resistance, which is a measure of the tightness of the assembly beyond the filter limit and can be determined by measuring potential and / or resistance. This measurement at the outer electrode 16e thus allows the tightness of the assembly beyond the sealing limit 17 to be verified. The inner electrode 16b is not required for this determination of tightness but can be used for the measurement.The inner electrode 16b can be used as an alternative to the electrode 16a for measurement, as long as the inner electrode 16b is in galvanic contact with the gold layer 4b of the membrane foil 4a.

[0204] Figures 5a to 12c show a contact foil 3 or a

[0205] Multilayer bodies 10 as part of a functional device 1 as embodiments for a membrane filter. However, these embodiments can also be transferred to other applications, for example by having the contact area in a structure other than an annular one, or by selecting one of the embodiment variants shown in Figs. 6a to 12c for the design of the electrically conductive layer for the desired application. Furthermore, it is also possible to simply use a different contact foil 3.

[0206] Functional device 1, such as sterile filters, virus filters, chromatographic functional devices, plasma filters or rupture discs, to be used.

[0207] Reference symbol list

[0208] I Functional device

[0209] 2, 2a, 2b Housing

[0210] 3 Contact film

[0211] 4, 4a Functional component

[0212] 4b electrically conductive functional layer

[0213] 5 plastic carrier layer

[0214] 6, 6a electrically conductive layers

[0215] 7 Implementation area

[0216] 8 Contact area

[0217] 9 Connection area

[0218] 10 multilayer bodies

[0219] II Primer layer

[0220] 12a, 12b dielectric layers

[0221] 13 contact protrusions

[0222] Excerpts from 14a, 14b, and 14c

[0223] 15a, 15b Section lines

[0224] 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e areas, electrodes

[0225] 17 Leakage limit

Claims

55 63928WO / NZ / OW LEONHARD KURZ Stiftung & Co. KG, Schwabacher Straße 482, 90763 Fürth, Germany; PolylC GmbH & Co. KG, Tucherstraße 7, 90763 Fürth, Germany Claims 1. Functional device (1), in particular for conveying a fluid, wherein the functional device (1) comprises a housing (2) and at least one contact film (3), wherein the at least one contact film (3) comprises a plastic carrier layer (5) and at least one electrically conductive layer (6), wherein the at least one contact film (3) is connected to the housing (2), in particular mechanically firmly, connected, wherein the contact foil (3) has a contact area (8), a feedthrough area (7) and a connection area (9), wherein the connection area (9) is arranged outside the housing (2), wherein the contact area (8), the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) are electrically connected by means of a first area (16a) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6), and wherein the contact area (8) is connected to the connection area (9) through the housing (2) by means of the feedthrough area (7).

2. Functional device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, 56 that the functional device (1 ) is a membrane filter comprising a double-sided metallized filter membrane film (4) and two contact films (3), wherein the double-sided metallized filter membrane film (4) is arranged between the two contact films (3) and each side of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film (4) is electrically contacted by one of the two contact films (3) by means of the contact area (8), in particular such that the electrical contacting of the double-sided metallized filter membrane film (4) can be tested by means of an electrical measurement at the connection area (9) of the respective contact film (3).

3. Functional device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical continuity of the contact area (8) and / or the feedthrough area (7) can be tested by means of the connection area (9).

4. Functional device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a galvanic isolation is introduced into the contact area (8), the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area (8) and / or the feedthrough area (7) can be tested.

5. Functional device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional device (1) comprises at least one electrically conductive functional layer (4b) encapsulated by the housing (2), wherein the electrically conductive functional layer (4b) encapsulated by the housing (2) is connected by means of the contact area (8) 57 is electrically contacted, in particular so that, depending on the electrical continuity of the contact area (8), properties of the electrically conductive functional layer (4b) encapsulated by the housing (2), in particular its electrical contacting by the at least one contact foil (3), can be determined.

6. Functional device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional device (1) further comprises at least one functional component (4) which is selected individually or in combination from: filter (4a), in particular double-sided metallized filter membrane film (4), electronic component, optical component, in particular optical fibers, optoelectronic component, electromechanical component, actuator, thermocouple, semiconductor, in particular PTC thermistor and / or PT thermistor, quartz crystal, seal, in particular sealing rubber and / or sealing ring rubber, thermochromatic element, in particular thermochromatic paint.

7. Functional device (1 ) according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the at least one functional component (4) is arranged between two electrically conductive functional layers (4b) each encapsulated by the housing (2, 2a, 2b).

8. Functional device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the functional device (1) comprises two contact foils (3), wherein the two electrically conductive functional layers (4b) each encapsulated by the housing (2) are arranged between the two contact foils (3). 58 are and each of the two electrically conductive functional layers (4b) encapsulated by the housing (2) is contacted by each of the two contact foils (3) by means of the respective contact area (8), in particular so that the electrical contacting of the two electrically conductive functional layers (4b) encapsulated by the housing (2) by means of the two contact foils can be determined by means of an electrical measurement at the connection area (9) of the respective contact foil (3). (3) is verifiable.

9. Functional device (1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that when an electrical voltage is applied to the two contact foils (3) a homogeneous electric field distribution is present between and / or on the two electrically conductive functional layers (4b) each encapsulated by the housing (2).

10. Functional device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one contact film (3) and / or the electrically conductive functional layer (4b) encapsulated by the at least one housing (2), in particular the double-sided metallized filter membrane film (4), and / or that the at least one functional component (4), is located inside the housing (2).

11. Functional device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact film (3) is materially bonded to the housing (2).

12. Functional device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) is two-part or multi-part (2a, 2b) and / or that the housing (2) encloses a volume, in particular in which the fluid is conductive.

13. Functional device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional device (1) has a pressure resistance of at least 1 bar, preferably at least 3 bar, more preferably at least 4 bar, and even more preferably at least 5 bar and / or that the functional device (1) has a high tightness, preferably that the functional device (1) has a tightness against liquids, preferably water, blood and / or serum, gases or gas mixtures, preferably air and / or natural gas, oils, preferably petroleum and / or mineral oil.

14. Method for manufacturing a functional device (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, in particular wherein the functional device (1) is designed to guide a fluid, and wherein the method comprises the following steps: Providing at least one contact film (3), in particular according to one of claims 23 to 37, comprising a plastic carrier layer (5) and at least one electrically conductive layer (6), wherein the contact film (3) has a contact area (8), a feedthrough area (7) and a connection area (9), and wherein the contact area (8), the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) are connected by means of, in particular by means of a first area to which at least one electrically conductive layer (6) is electrically connected, providing and / or generating a housing (2), connecting, in particular mechanically firmly connecting, the at least one contact foil (3) to the housing (2) such that the connection area (9) is arranged outside the housing (2) and that the contact area (8) is connected to the connection area (9) by means of the feedthrough area (7) through the housing (2).

15. The method of claim 14, characterized in that the method further comprises the following step: - Inserting at least one functional component (4) into the housing (2).

16. Method according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the functional device (1 ) is a membrane filter, that the at least one functional component (4) is a filter membrane film metallized on both sides, that two contact films (3) are provided, that the contact films (3) are connected to the housing (2) in such a way that a connection area (9) is arranged outside the housing (2) and that a contact area (8) is connected to the respective connection area (9) by means of the respective feedthrough area (7) through the housing (2).

17. Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the joining of the at least one contact foil (3) to the housing (2) is carried out by means of a method selected individually or in combination from the group consisting of hot stamping, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, and injection molding.

18. Method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the method further comprises the following steps: - Providing and / or producing two or more housing parts (2a, 2b), - Joining the two or more housing parts (2a, 2b) by means of a process, individually or in combination, selected from the group of hot stamping, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, injection molding.

19. Method according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the steps of providing and / or producing the housing (2), in particular the two or more housing parts (2a, 2b), and the step of connecting the at least one contact film (3) to the housing (2) and optionally the step of joining the two or more housing parts (2a, 2b) together are carried out by back injection with a plastic compound.

20. Method for testing a functional device (1), in particular for guiding a fluid, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 62 - Providing a functional device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, - Testing the functional device (1) by means of an electrical potential measurement and / or by means of an electrical resistance measurement, in particular by electrical contacting the connection area (9).

21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the potential measurement is carried out with a voltage between 1 pV and 24 V, preferably between 1 mV and 12 V, more preferably between 1 V and 5 V, and even more preferably between 1.5 V and 3 V.

22. Method according to one of claims 20 or 21, characterized in that a DC voltage is used in the potential test, in particular exclusively, and / or that an AC voltage, in particular a sawtooth voltage, modulated onto the DC voltage, is further used in the potential test and / or the resistance measurement, wherein the AC voltage preferably has a maximum amplitude of 6 V, more preferably of a maximum of 4 V, and / or has a frequency between 1 mHz and 10 Hz.

23. Contact film (3) for use in a functional device (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the contact film (3) comprises a plastic carrier layer (5) and at least one electrically conductive layer (6), wherein the contact film (3) has a 63 comprising a contact area (8), a feedthrough area (7) and a connection area (9), wherein the contact area (8), the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) are electrically connected by means of a first area (16a) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6).

24. Contact foil (3) according to claim 23, characterized in that the electrical continuity of the contact area (8) and / or the feedthrough area (7) can be tested by means of the connection area (9).

25. Contact foil (3) according to one of claims 23 or 24, characterized in that a galvanic isolation is introduced into the contact area (8), the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) in such a way that the electrical continuity of the contact area (8) and / or the feedthrough area (7) can be tested.

26. Contact foil (3) according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the contact area (8) is ring-shaped and / or that the contact area (8) is designed such that it extends along the outer contour of the contact foil (3) and / or that it extends along a circumferential connecting contour of a housing (2) of the functional device (1).

27. Contact film (3) according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that, 64 that the contact foil (3) has at least one recess which is in particular enclosed by the contact area (8).

28. Contact foil (3) according to one of claims 23 to 27, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer (6) has a second area (16b) which is galvanically isolated from the first area (16a), in particular wherein the contact area (8), the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) are electrically connected by means of the second area (16b) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6).

29. Contact foil (3) according to one of claims 23 to 28, characterized in that the contact foil (3) has a sensor area (16c), preferably formed by a third area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) or a further electrically conductive layer, and which is galvanically isolated from the first (16a) and / or second (16c) area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer (6), further preferably wherein the feedthrough area (7) and the connection area (9) are electrically conductively connected by means of the third area of ​​the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) or the further electrically conductive layer.

30. Contact foil (3) according to claims 23 to 29, characterized in that the first area (16a) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) in the connection area (9) has two, in particular galvanically 65 separate connection points and / or that the second area (16b) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) and / or the sensor area (16c) in the connection area (9) has a connection point.

31. Contact foil (3) according to one of claims 23 to 30, characterized in that the contact area (8) has one or more contact protrusions (13), in particular by means of which an electrically conductive functional layer (4b) encapsulated by a housing (2) of the functional device (1) and / or a functional component (4) can be electrically contacted.

32. Contact foil according to one of claims 23 to 31, characterized in that the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) has at least two fourth areas (16d), in particular wherein the at least two fourth areas (16d) are galvanically separated from each other, in particular wherein an electrically conductive functional layer (4b) enclosed by a housing (2) of the functional device (1) and / or a functional component (4) can be electrically contacted by means of each of the at least two fourth areas (16d).

33. Contact film (3) according to one of claims 23 to 32, characterized in that the first (16a), second (16b) and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions (16d) of the at least one electrically conductive layer and / or the sensor region (16c) are spaced at a distance of at least 20 pm, preferably at least 40 pm, more preferably 66 at least 60 m, preferably at least 100 pm, each have a distance to each other.

34. Contact foil (3) according to one of claims 23 to 33, characterized in that the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) is formed as one or more layers and / or that the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) is a metal layer and comprises materials, individually or as a mixture of materials or as an alloy or as a eutectic, selected from the group consisting of precious metals, in particular gold, silver, palladium, platinum, indium, osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, and semi-precious metals, in particular copper.

35. Contact film (3) according to one of claims 23 to 34, characterized in that the at least one electrically conductive layer (6), in particular the first (16a), second (16b) and / or third region and / or the at least two fourth regions (16d) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) and / or the sensor region (16c), has a conductivity between 0.1 Q / m 2 and 10 sq m 2 exhibits and / or that the connection area, in particular of the first (16a), second (16b) and / or third area and / or the at least two fourth areas (16d) of the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) and / or the sensor area (16c), has a conductivity between 0.1 Q / m 2 and 300 sq m 2 has and / or that the at least one electrically conductive layer (6) has a layer thickness between 20 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 50 nm and 60 nm. 67 36. Contact film (3) according to one of claims 23 to 35, characterized in that the contact film (3) has one or more primer layers (11), in particular which form the surface of the contact film (3).

37. Contact film (3) according to one of claims 23 to 36, characterized in that the plastic carrier layer (5) comprises polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), methyl methacrylate acrylate butadiene styrene (MABS) and / or polycarbonate (PC) and / or that the plastic carrier layer (5) has a thickness between 15 pm and 300 pm, preferably between 30 pm and 100 pm, more preferably between 50 pm and 75 pm.

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