Process for treating keratin fibres using a composition comprising glycerol, at least one particular alkanediol, the composition having a low water content

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for treating keratin fibres using a composition comprising glycerol and at least one particular alkanediol, the composition having a low water content.

Description

PROCESS FOR TREATING KERATIN FIBRES USING A COMPOSITION COMPRISING GLYCEROL, AT LEAST ONE PARTICULAR ALKANEDIOL, THE COMPOSITION HAVING A LOW WATER CONTENTTECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a process for treating keratin fibres using a composition comprising glycerol and at least one particular alkanediol, the composition having a low water content.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Many people are unsatisfied with the appearance of their hair; in particular, people who have curly hair usually wish to obtain straight hair, and, conversely, people who have straight hair wish to have curly hair.

[0003] In order to overcome this problem, it is possible to permanently modify the shape of the hair using a process comprising a reduction step using one or more reducing agents chosen in particular from sulfites, bisulfites, alkyl phosphines or preferably thiols and a step referred to as a fixing step using one or more oxidizing agents, in particular hydrogen peroxide. However, this type of process can lead, over time, to a deterioration in the quality of the hair, resulting in a decrease in its cosmetic properties, such as its vitality, its sheen, and / or a degradation in its mechanical properties, in particular when the hair treated is hair that is already weakened, for example dyed or bleached hair. Furthermore, it is very common to have to deal with odour problems, both with the reducing compositions used, and notably those containing thiols, and with the reduced hair.

[0004] It is also possible to permanently modify the shape of the hair using a one-step process known as lanthionization, using a composition containing a base belonging to the hydroxide family. This type of process leads to irreversibly replacing the disulfide bonds (-CH2-S-S-CH2-) with lanthionine bonds (-CH2-S-CH2-). This technique is mainly used for shaping naturally kinky hair. However, the hydroxides employed during this process have the major drawback of being caustic. This causticity may in certain cases affect the scalp by occasionally causing irritation, and may also affect the condition of the hair by making it, on the one hand, coarse to the touch and, on the other hand, much weaker.

[0005] These conventional techniques for permanently reshaping keratin fibres do not meet the need of people who wish to temporarily modify the shape of their hair, without the risk of weakening it.

[0006] It is possible to temporarily reshape the hair by soaking it with water. However, the curl relaxing or straightening effect observed is not very long-lasting and the curly hair thus treated returns to its initial state. In order to improve the durability of the curl relaxing or straightening effect, it is possible to use humectants such as glycerol. However, the concentration of glycerol that can be used in hair compositions remains very limited due to the tacky effect that it can provide. Specifically, the more the concentration of glycerol increases, the more tacky, sticky and / or difficult to style the hair becomes.

[0007] There is therefore a real need to develop a process for treating keratin fibres that results in a temporary reshaping of the keratin fibres, in order to straighten them and, when the hair is curly, to obtain a better relaxation of the curls and / or better definition thereof. The effect obtained should in particular be longer-lasting and still be visible for at least 6 h, or even at least 24 h or 48 h after carrying out the process, without any compromise concerning the cosmetic qualities, notably with regard to a tacky effect, of the compositions used in the process.

[0008] Such a process should also make it possible to preserve the quality and the integrity of the treated fibres, making it possible to repeat the process, including on damaged and / or sensitized keratin fibres.

[0009] Moreover, such a process should also use compositions that are less malodorous, in particular without reducing agents such as thiols. Lastly, the formulation of environmentally friendly cosmetic products, that is to say products of which the design and development take account of environmental issues, is becoming a major concern for contributing toward meeting global challenges. It thus proves essential to propose more sustainable cosmetic treatment processes, thereby making it possible to respond to these environmental issues by reducing in particular the use of compounds of petrochemical origin, such as silicone raw materials.

[0010] The applicant has discovered, surprisingly, that all or some of these objectives can be achieved by the process according to the present invention.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] According to a first aspect, a subject of the present invention is a process for treating keratin fibres, comprising a) the application to the keratin fibres of a composition (C) comprising:i) at least 5% by weight of glycerol, relative to the total weight of composition (C);ii) at least 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C), of one or more compounds A chosen from (C2-C6)alkanediols; andiii) less than 5% by weight of water relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0012] According to a second aspect, a subject of the present invention is the composition (C) as defined previously.

[0013] According to a third aspect, a subject of the present invention is the use of the composition (C) as defined previously, for relaxing curls and / or for straightening keratin fibres.

[0014] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] For the purposes of the present invention and unless otherwise indicated:

[0016] ▪ the term “keratin fibres” means fibres of human or animal origin, such as head hair, bodily hairs, eyelashes, eyebrows, wool, angora, cashmere or fur.

[0017] According to the present invention, the keratin fibres are preferably human keratin fibres, more preferentially head hair.

[0018] ▪ the term "butylene glycol" is understood to mean butane-1,3-diol.

[0019] The expressions “at least one” and “one or more” are synonymous and can be used interchangeably.

[0020] The expressions “between … and …”, “comprises from … to …”, “formed from … to …” and “ranging from … to …” should be understood as being inclusive of the limits, unless otherwise specified.Process for treating keratin fibres

[0021] According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a process for treating keratin fibres as defined above.

[0022] The process according to the present invention is preferably a process for relaxing curls and / or for straightening keratin fibres.

[0023] The applicant has found, surprisingly, that the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain good-quality straightening of keratin fibres and, when the hair is curly, better relaxation of the curls and / or better definition thereof, the effect observed being longer-lasting, in particular still being visible for at least 6 h, or even at least 24 h or 48 h after carrying out the process, without any compromise concerning the cosmetic qualities of the composition used in the process according to the invention, notably with a non-tacky and non-sticky feel.Composition (C)

[0024] The composition (C) comprises:i) at least 5% by weight of glycerol, relative to the total weight of composition (C);ii) at least 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C), of one or more compounds A chosen from (C2-C6)alkanediols; andiii) less than 5% by weight of water relative to the total weight of composition (C).Glycerol content

[0025] Composition (C) comprises i) at least 5% by weight of glycerol, relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0026] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of glycerol of at least 8% by weight, preferably ranging from 10% to 60% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 10% to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).Compounds A

[0027] Composition (C) further comprises ii) at least 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C), of one or more compounds A chosen from (C2-C6)alkanediols.

[0028] Preferably, the compound(s) A are chosen from the compounds of formula (I) below:HO-R-OH (I)in which formula (I) R represents a linear or branched, divalent hydrocarbon radical comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0029] According to one particular embodiment, the compound(s) A are chosen from the compounds of formula (I) as defined previously, in which R represents a linear, divalent hydrocarbon radical comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. According to this particular embodiment, the compound(s) A are preferably chosen from propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, pentane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, ethylene glycol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0030] According to one particular embodiment, the compound(s) A are chosen from the compounds of formula (I) as defined previously, in which R represents a linear or branched, divalent hydrocarbon radical comprising from 3 to 5 carbon atoms. According to this particular embodiment, the compound(s) A are preferably chosen from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentane-1,5-diol, butane-1,2-diol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof, preferably from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0031] More preferably, the compound(s) A are chosen from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, butane-1,2-diol, ethylene glycol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0032] Even more preferably, the compound(s) A are chosen from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0033] Most preferably, the compound(s) A are chosen from mixtures of butylene glycol and propane-1,3-diol, the weight ratio of total amount of butylene glycol / total amount of propane-1,3-diol in the composition (C) preferably ranging from 2 / 3 to 3 / 2.

[0034] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of compounds A chosen from (C2-C6)alkanediols of at least 10% by weight, preferably ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 40% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0035] More preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of compounds A chosen from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, butane-1,2-diol, ethylene glycol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof, of at least 5% by weight, preferably of at least 10% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, even more preferentially ranging from 40% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0036] Even more preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of compounds A chosen from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof, of at least 5% by weight, preferably of at least 10% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, even more preferentially ranging from 40% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0037] Most preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of compounds A chosen from mixtures of butylene glycol and propane-1,3-diol of at least 5% by weight, preferably of at least 10% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, even more preferentially ranging from 40% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).Water

[0038] Composition (C) further comprises iii) at least 5% by weight of water relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0039] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total water content of less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.1% by weight, more preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C), and better still, composition (C) is anhydrous.

[0040] Where appropriate, such small amounts of water may notably be introduced by ingredients of the composition that may contain residual amounts thereof.Other features of composition (C)

[0041] Composition (C) is preferably liquid, optionally thickened.

[0042] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “liquid composition” means, on a macroscopic scale, a product which does not have a proper shape and cannot be grasped, unlike a solid. It is a fluid which adapts to the shape of the container in which it is placed at room temperature (25°C). When poured into another container, a liquid nevertheless retains its volume. A liquid thus has a proper volume. At rest, the free surface of a liquid is at equilibrium generally flat and horizontal.

[0043] For the purposes of the present invention, a "thickened composition" is understood to mean a liquid composition with a viscosity of greater than 900 mPa.s at 25°C, or even a gel.

[0044] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total ethanol content of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of ethanol.

[0045] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total isopropanol content of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of isopropanol.

[0046] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of C1-C6monoalcohols of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of C1-C6monoalcohols.A “C1-C6monoalcohol” is understood to mean a compound that comprises only a single hydroxyl (-OH) group of formula R-OH in which R represents a linear or branched, saturated C1-C6hydrocarbon chain, it being possible for the hydroxyl (-OH) group to be borne by a primary, secondary or tertiary carbon atom.

[0047] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total silicone content of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0048] The term “silicone” denotes any organosilicon polymer or oligomer of linear or cyclic, branched or crosslinked structure, of variable molecular weight, obtained by polymerization and / or polycondensation of suitably functionalized silanes, and constituted essentially of a repetition of main units in which the silicon atoms are linked together via oxygen atoms (siloxane bond -Si-O-Si-), optionally substituted hydrocarbon-based radicals being directly linked via a carbon atom to said silicon atoms.

[0049] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of cationic polymers of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of cationic polymers.

[0050] The term “cationic polymer” means any non-silicone polymer (not comprising silicon atoms) containing cationic groups and / or groups that can be ionized to give cationic groups, and not containing any anionic groups and / or groups that can be ionized to give anionic groups.

[0051] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of cationic surfactants of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of cationic surfactants.

[0052] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of poly(oxyethylenated) compounds of less than 5% by weight, preferably of less than 2% by weight, more preferentially of less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially of less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially of less than 0.01% by weight, and better still of less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of poly(oxyethylenated) compounds.

[0053] Composition (C) may also comprise at least one cosmetic ingredient chosen from nonionic, anionic and amphoteric surfactants, vitamins and provitamins other than vitamin B1, including panthenol, fillers, colorants, nacreous agents, opacifiers, sequestrants, film-forming, anionic or neutral polymers, associative polymers, plasticizers, oils, antifoams, moisturizers, emollients, penetrants, fragrances, preserving agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0054] Composition (C) may additionally comprise at least one cosmetic ingredient chosen from sequestrants, oils, moisturizers, emollients, penetrants, fragrances, preserving agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0055] These standard cosmetic ingredients may be present in the composition in standard amounts, which can readily be determined by a person skilled in the art, and which may range, for each ingredient, from 0.01% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. A person skilled in the art will take care to select the ingredients included in the composition, and also the amounts thereof, so that they do not adversely affect the properties of the composition.

[0056] Composition (C) is a cosmetic composition, i.e. a composition which comprises a cosmetically acceptable medium, i.e. a medium that is compatible with human keratin fibres.

[0057] Preferably, composition (C) comprises a total content of colouring agents of less than 0.1% by weight, preferably of less than 0.01% by weight, more preferentially of less than 0.001% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).

[0058] Even more preferably, composition (C) is free of colouring agents.

[0059] The term "colouring agent" is understood to mean an oxidation dye, a direct dye or a pigment.

[0060] The term "oxidation dye" is understood to mean an oxidation dye precursor chosen from oxidation bases and couplers. Oxidation bases and couplers are colourless or sparingly coloured compounds, which, via a condensation reaction in the presence of an oxidizing agent, give a coloured species.

[0061] The term "direct dye" is understood to mean a natural and / or synthetic dye, including in the form of an extract or extracts, other than oxidation dyes. These are coloured compounds that will spread superficially on the fibre.They may be ionic or nonionic, i.e. anionic, cationic, neutral or nonionic.

[0062] Composition (C) may thus be in any form that is compatible with application to keratin fibres, for example in the form of a wax, a paste, a relatively fluid or thick cream, a gel, a foam, a spray or a lotion.Additional characteristics regarding the process

[0063] Composition (C) may be applied to wet or dry keratin fibres.

[0064] The process according to the invention can be carried out on natural keratin fibres, especially natural hair.

[0065] The process according to the invention can also be carried out on damaged and / or sensitized keratin fibres, in particular damaged and / or sensitized hair.

[0066] The term "damaged keratin fibres" is understood to mean keratin fibres that are dry, coarse, brittle, split and / or limp.

[0067] The term "sensitized keratin fibres" is understood to mean keratin fibres that have been bleached, artificially coloured, relaxed and / or permanent-waved.

[0068] The process according to the invention can advantageously be carried out on curly, frizzy or kinky keratin fibres, especially curly, frizzy or kinky hair.

[0069] The bath ratio of composition (C) applied to the keratin fibres may range from 0.01 to 10. The term “bath ratio” means the ratio between the total weight of composition (C) applied and the total weight of keratin fibres to be treated.

[0070] The process according to the invention may comprise at least one additional step a’) of washing the keratin fibres, preferably prior to step a) and / or at least one additional step successive to step a) and chosen from the following steps b) and / or c):b) a step of applying the composition (C) to the keratin fibres, preferably for a duration of at least 10 seconds, said application step optionally being performed under an airtight film of curl-paper or plastic film type;c) a step of drying the keratin fibres in ambient air or using a heating device, preferably in ambient air.

[0071] Preferably, the process comprises step a’) as described above and also the additional steps b) and c) as described above and performed in that order.

[0072] The washing step a’) may be performed, for example, using a shampoo.

[0073] The temperature of the heating device may range from 45°C to 230°C, preferably from 45°C to 100°C, more preferentially from 50°C to 80°C. A hairdryer, a heating hood, an iron or a heating brush may be used, for example, as heating device.Composition (C)

[0074] According to a second aspect, a subject of the present invention is the composition (C) as defined previously.Use

[0075] According to a third aspect, a subject of the present invention is the use of the composition (C) as defined previously, for relaxing curls and / or for straightening keratin fibres.Examples

[0076] The examples that follow serve to illustrate the invention without, however, being limiting in nature. In the examples that follow, unless otherwise indicated, when compositions are used, the contents are indicated as weight percentages relative to the total weight of the composition under consideration.

[0077] The following compositions C1 to C3 and D1 to D4 were prepared and tested according to the protocol 1 or 2 described below.Compositions C1 to C3

[0078] IngredientsC1(Comparative)C2(Comparative)C3(Comparative)Butylene glycol100--Propane-1,3-diol-100-Glycerol--100Compositions D1 to D4

[0079] IngredientsD1(Invention)D2(Invention)D3(Invention)D4(Invention)Butylene glycol50-4234Propane-1,3-diol-504333Glycerol50501533Protocol 1 (application to dry hair)

[0080] 2.7 g locks of natural hair of type 2C according to the André Walker classification are used. The locks are washed using two successive DOP shampoo washes (0.4 g / g of hair) then wrung out and finally left to dry in the ambient air before application of the compositions to be tested.

[0081] 0.15 g of each of the compositions to be tested are then applied to the dry locks. This application is carried out with the fingers while massaging the hair fibre. The locks of hair are then suspended at room temperature and humidity set at 22°C and 45% relative humidity.Protocol 2 (application to wet hair)

[0082] 2.7 g locks of natural hair of type 2C according to the André Walker classification are used. The locks are washed using two successive DOP shampoo washes (0.4 g / g of hair) then wrung out before application of the compositions to be tested.

[0083] 0.15 g of each of the compositions to be tested are then applied to the wet locks. This application is carried out with the fingers while massaging the hair fibre. The locks of hair are then suspended at room temperature and humidity set at 22°C and 45% relative humidity.

[0084] For each of the treated locks, the percentage elongation of the lock was calculated 6 h or 48 h after application, in order to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment.

[0085] The percentage elongation of the lock, 6 h or 48 h after application, is calculated according to the following formula: in which L represents the length of the lock 6 h or 48 h after application and L0represents the initial length of the lock before application of the composition to be tested.Results:

[0086] Percentage elongation of the locks 6 h after application

[0087] Type of treatmentProtocolPercentage elongation 6 h after applicationC1(Comparative)14.69C2(Comparative)11.96C3(Comparative)10.51D3(Invention)16.24D3(Invention)214.57

[0088] The locks treated with composition D3 according to the invention have a higher percentage elongation 6 h after application than the locks treated with the comparative compositions C1 to C3. The process according to the present invention therefore makes it possible to obtain a good-quality straightening, with better curl relaxation 6 h after application of composition D3. Moreover, the tacky feel of the locks of hair treated with composition D3 according to the invention is not unacceptable, unlike the lock of hair treated with comparative composition C3 which is sticky.

[0089] Percentage elongation of the locks 48 h after application

[0090] Type of treatmentProtocolPercentage elongation 48 h after applicationC1(Comparative)10.82C2(Comparative)1-2.53C3(Comparative)1-1.44D1(Invention)12.67D2(Invention)12.05D3(Invention)15.13D4(Invention)13.84

[0091] The locks treated with compositions D1 to D4 according to the invention have a higher percentage elongation 48 h after application than the locks treated with the comparative compositions C1 to C3. The process according to the present invention therefore makes it possible to obtain a good-quality straightening, with better curl relaxation 48 h after application of compositions D1 to D4. Moreover, the tacky feel of the lock of hair treated with compositions D1 to D4 according to the invention is not unacceptable, unlike the lock of hair treated with comparative composition C3 which is sticky.

Claims

Process for treating keratin fibres, comprising a) the application to the keratin fibres of a composition (C) comprising:i) at least 5% by weight of glycerol, relative to the total weight of composition (C);ii) at least 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C), of one or more compounds A chosen from (C2-C6)alkanediols; andiii) less than 5% by weight of water relative to the total weight of composition (C).Process according to the preceding claim, in which composition (C) comprises a total content of glycerol of at least 8% by weight, preferably ranging from 10% to 60% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 10% to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).Process according to either one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) comprises a total content of compounds A of at least 10% by weight, preferably ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, more preferentially ranging from 40% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C).Process according to the preceding claim, in which the compound(s) A are chosen from the compounds of formula (I) below:HO-R-OH (I)in which formula (I) R represents a linear or branched, divalent hydrocarbon radical comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; preferably from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, butane-1,2-diol, ethylene glycol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof; more preferentially from butylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol, the optical isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof; even more preferentially from mixtures of butylene glycol and propane-1,3-diol, the weight ratio of total amount of butylene glycol / total amount of propane-1,3-diol in the composition (C) preferably ranging from 2 / 3 to 3 / 2.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) comprises a total water content of less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.1% by weight, more preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, relative to the total weight of composition (C), and better still, composition (C) is anhydrous.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) is liquid, optionally thickened.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) comprises a total ethanol content of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of ethanol.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) comprises a total isopropanol content of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of isopropanol.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) comprises a total silicone content of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C).Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which composition (C) comprises a total content of cationic polymers of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferentially less than 1% by weight, even more preferentially less than 0.1% by weight, most preferentially less than 0.01% by weight, and better still less than 0.001% by weight relative to the total weight of composition (C), and even better still composition (C) is free of cationic polymers.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the keratin fibres are curly, frizzy or kinky keratin fibres.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the process comprises at least one additional step a’) of washing the keratin fibres, preferably prior to step a), and / or at least one additional step successive to step a) and chosen from the following steps b) and / or c):b) a step of applying the composition (C) to the keratin fibres, preferably for a duration of at least 10 seconds, said application step optionally being performed under an airtight film of curl-paper or plastic film type;c) a step of drying the keratin fibres in ambient air or using a heating device, preferably in ambient air.Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the process is a process for relaxing curls and / or for straightening keratin fibres.Composition (C) as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 10.Use of composition (C) as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 10, for relaxing curls and / or for straightening keratin fibres.

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