Method for producing animal / plant material extract, animal / plant material extract, and method for adjusting extracted component of animal / plant material extract

Abstract

[Problem] To provide: a method for producing an animal / plant material extract, said method enabling simple and efficient production of an animal / plant material extract enriched with a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of a starting-material-derived component originating from an animal / plant material; an animal / plant material extract produced by the production method; and a method for adjusting an extracted component of an animal / plant material extract. [Solution] A method for producing an animal / plant material extract which contains a starting-material-derived component originating from an animal / plant material and a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of the starting-material-derived component, and which is enriched with the dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product, the method characterized by comprising subjecting the animal / plant material to pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent including a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby converting the starting-material-derived component into the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product by a dehydration reaction or a hydrolysis reaction such that said animal / plant material extract is enriched with the same.

Description

Method for producing extract from animal and plant raw materials, extract from animal and plant raw materials, and method for adjusting extracted components of extract from animal and plant raw materials

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing an extract from animal and plant raw materials enriched with a dehydration reaction product or a hydrolysis reaction product of a raw material-containing component derived from animal and plant raw materials, an extract from animal and plant raw materials, and a method for adjusting extracted components of an extract from animal and plant raw materials.

[0002] Conventionally, by subjecting animal and plant raw materials to pressurized hot water extraction, raw material-containing components derived from the animal and plant raw materials are extracted from the animal and plant raw materials, and the extracted raw material-containing components are converted into dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products by a dehydration reaction or a hydrolysis reaction. For example, in Patent Document 1, glycyrrhizic acid contained in licorice root is extracted by subjecting licorice root as a raw material to pressurized hot water extraction (subcritical water extraction), and the extracted glycyrrhizic acid is converted into glycyrrhetinic acid by a hydrolysis reaction to obtain an extract containing glycyrrhetinic acid.

[0003] Here, pressurized hot water extraction is a method in which water at a high temperature and high pressure of 0.1 MPa or more and higher than 100°C is used as a solvent to efficiently extract the components contained in the raw material with only water without using an organic solvent. In some cases, the raw material-containing components extracted from the raw material, such as glycyrrhetinic acid in Patent Document 1, are converted into dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products by chemical reactions such as dehydration reactions and hydrolysis reactions. Further, in pressurized hot water extraction, the relative dielectric constant decreases and the solubility of water increases due to the high temperature and high pressure state, so that some hydrophobic components contained in the animal and plant raw materials can also be extracted. Furthermore, in pressurized hot water extraction, the ionic product of water also increases, so that chemical reactions such as hydrolysis reactions can be promoted.

[0004] International Publication No. 2014 / 148422

[0005] However, pressurized hot water extraction using only water as a solvent had limitations in the types and quantities of components that could be extracted. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method in which, although glycyrrhizic acid, a hydrophilic component, could be extracted using pressurized hot water extraction with only water, a sufficient amount of glycyrrhetinic acid, a hydrophobic component, could not be extracted. Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a method to obtain an extract containing glycyrrhetinic acid by further extracting the extraction residue with an organic solvent after pressurized hot water extraction.

[0006] In recent years, particularly in the food and cosmetics sectors, there has been a growing demand for methods to extract active ingredients derived from animal and plant raw materials without using organic solvents, due to safety concerns. One such method involves using supercritical fluids (mainly CO2) to extract hydrophobic components without using organic solvents. ２ While extraction methods such as ) are also mentioned, this method does not involve chemical reactions such as hydrolysis, and in order to obtain hydrolysis products or dehydration products, a separate reaction step using enzymes or the like is required. Furthermore, in Patent Document 1, in order to obtain the hydrophobic component glycyrrhetinic acid, two extraction steps are required: pressurized hot water extraction with water as the solvent, followed by extraction with an organic solvent, and improving manufacturing efficiency has also been a challenge.

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts that are enriched with dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products of raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials in a simple and efficient manner, an animal and plant raw material extract produced by the method, and a method for adjusting the extracted components of an animal and plant raw material extract. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts that contain raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials or reaction products of said raw material components in a simple and efficient manner, and an animal and plant raw material extract produced by the method.

[0008] The present invention is essentially a method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts as described in any of the following (1) to (9). (1) A method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts containing raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials and a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of said raw material components, wherein the dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product is enriched, characterized in that the animal and plant raw materials are extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby converting and enriching the raw material components into the dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product by a dehydration reaction or hydrolysis reaction. (2) A method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts containing raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials, or a reaction product of said raw material components, characterized in that the animal and plant raw materials are extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and / or converting and enriching the raw material components into a reaction product. (3) A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract, wherein the raw material components contained in the animal or plant raw material are efficiently extracted, characterized in that the animal or plant raw material is extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent. (4) The method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to (1), wherein the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product is a hydrophobic component, and the raw material components are converted to the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and the converted dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product is extracted by the hydrophobic solvent. (5) The method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to (2) or (3), wherein the raw material components or the reaction product is a hydrophobic component, and the animal or plant raw material is extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby causing the hydrophilic solvent and the hydrophobic solvent to become finer and act on the animal or plant raw material.(6) A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein, after pressurized hot water extraction, the mixed solvent is separated into a fraction of the hydrophilic solvent and a fraction of the hydrophobic solvent, and the fraction of the hydrophobic solvent is obtained as the animal or plant raw material extract, or the animal or plant raw material extract is obtained based on the fraction of the hydrophobic solvent. (7) A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to (1) above, wherein, after pressurized hot water extraction, the hydrophobic solvent has a larger distribution of the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product compared to the hydrophilic solvent. (8) A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to (1) above, wherein the animal or plant raw material originally contains the raw material components and the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product, and the pressurized hot water extraction increases the amount of the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product beyond the amount originally contained in the animal or plant raw material. (9) The method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the mixed solvent has a volume ratio of the hydrophilic solvent to the hydrophobic solvent in the range of 50:50 to 95:5. The present invention also relates to an animal or plant raw material extract according to any one of (10) to (14) below. (10) An animal or plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials and a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of said raw material components, and enriched with said dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product, wherein the animal or plant raw materials are obtained by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent. (11) An animal or plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials, or a reaction product of said raw material components, wherein the animal or plant raw materials are obtained by extracting the raw material components by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and / or by converting the raw material components into a reaction product and enriching them. (12) An animal and plant raw material extract in which raw material components contained in animal and plant raw materials are efficiently extracted, the animal and plant raw material extract obtained by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal and plant raw materials using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent.(13) The animal and plant raw material extract according to (10), wherein the hydrophilic solvent and the hydrophobic solvent are contained, and the hydrophobic solvent fraction has a larger distribution of the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product in the hydrophobic solvent fraction compared to the hydrophilic solvent fraction. (14) The animal and plant raw material extract according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein the mixed solvent is separated into a hydrophilic solvent fraction and a hydrophobic solvent fraction after pressurized hot water extraction, and the extract consists of the hydrophobic solvent fraction, or is obtained based on the hydrophobic solvent fraction. Furthermore, the present invention is summarized in (15) below by a method for adjusting the extracted components of an animal and plant raw material extract. (15) A method for adjusting the extract components of an extract obtained from animal and plant raw materials, wherein the animal and plant raw materials are extracted by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal and plant raw materials with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby converting the raw material-containing components derived from the animal and plant raw materials into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products of the raw material-containing components by a dehydration reaction or hydrolysis reaction, and the hydrophilic solvent compartment and the hydrophobic solvent compartment are separated to separate a hydrophilic pre-dehydrated product or the hydrolyzed product from a hydrophobic pre-dehydrated product or the hydrolyzed product.

[0009] The present invention enables the simple and efficient production of an extract enriched with dehydrated or hydrolyzed components derived from animal and plant raw materials by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal and plant raw materials using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent. Furthermore, the present invention enables the simple and efficient production of an extract containing animal and plant raw materials or reaction products of said raw material components by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal and plant raw materials using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent.

[0010] Embodiments of the present invention are described below. The present invention relates to an animal and plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials and a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of said raw material components, and further enriched with said dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product. In the present invention, "enrichment" includes not only increasing the components originally contained in the animal and plant raw materials, but also increasing components that were not originally contained in the animal and plant raw materials. Furthermore, in the present invention, the animal and plant raw materials are not limited to plants but may also be animals. Furthermore, in the present invention, plants are not limited to edible plants but may also include inedible plants.

[0011] The present invention is characterized by extracting animal and plant raw materials using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby converting components derived from the animal and plant raw materials (raw material-containing components) into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products through a dehydration or hydrolysis reaction, and extracting them into the mixed solvent. In the present invention, the animal and plant raw materials and raw material-containing components to be extracted are not particularly limited, but in the following, as an example of the present invention, a tomato extract enriched with tomatidine, which is a hydrolysis product of tomatine contained in tomatoes, using tomatoes as the raw material; a ginger extract enriched with gingerol, which is contained in only trace amounts in ginger, using ginger as the raw material; and a licorice root extract enriched with glycyrrhetinic acid, which is a hydrolysis product of glycyrrhizic acid contained in licorice root, using licorice root as the raw material. Furthermore, in the following, after describing the animal and plant raw materials, raw material-containing components, and their dehydrated or hydrolyzed products to be extracted in this embodiment, the details of the pressurized hot water extraction according to this embodiment will be described. Furthermore, while the present invention cites examples in which raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials are efficiently converted into dehydration products or hydrolysis products, the raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials may be converted into reactants by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent and extracted into the mixed solvent, not limited to dehydration products or hydrolysis products. Moreover, it is also possible to obtain an animal and plant raw material extract enriched with reactants by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent from raw material components derived from animal and plant raw materials. There are no particular limitations on reactions other than dehydration and hydrolysis reactions, but examples include transesterification reactions, amidation reactions, Claisen condensation reactions, aldol condensation reactions, etc.

[0012] In this embodiment, as an example, tomatoes are used as raw materials. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) are plants of the Solanaceae family, genus Solanum, native to the Andes highlands of South America. They are perennial plants, and their fruits are used for food. The variety of tomato used as a raw material in this invention is not particularly limited, and large tomatoes and cherry tomatoes can also be used. Furthermore, the tomato is not limited to the edible fruit, but flowers, leaves, stems, etc. can also be used as raw materials. In addition, when using fruit, mature fruit can be used, but it is preferable to use immature fruit which contains more tomatine, as described later. Also, ripe green fruit or green tomatoes which contain more tomatine than red mature fruit can be used.

[0013] Tomatoes contain a toxic compound called tomatine to combat viruses, pests, fungal and bacterial pathogens. Tomatine is present in all parts of the tomato plant, including the stems, leaves, and fruits, and its content is known to change with maturation. Specifically, tomatine is biosynthesized and accumulated in unripe green tomatoes, but is gradually broken down in mature red tomatoes. Tomatoes also contain tomatidine, an aglycone product of tomatine. Tomatidine has been reported to have anti-carcinogenic and visceral protective effects, antiviral effects against certain viruses such as dengue virus and chikungunya virus, and usefulness against skeletal muscle atrophy. Plant pathogenic fungi such as F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici possess an enzyme called tomatinase, which is known to hydrolyze toxic tomatine to produce tomatidine. Chemical methods for producing tomatidine from tomatine by acid hydrolysis are also known.

[0014] In this embodiment, a tomato extract enriched with tomatidine can be obtained by using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent to extract tomato raw materials with pressurized hot water. This process converts tomatine contained in the tomato raw materials into tomatidine, a hydrolysis product, through a hydrolysis reaction, and extracts it into the mixed solvent. In particular, although tomatidine is a hydrophobic component that is almost insoluble in water, pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophobic solvent allows for efficient extraction of tomatidine into the mixed solvent without the use of organic solvents. Details of the method for enriching tomatoes with tomatidine will be described later.

[0015] In other examples of this embodiment, ginger is used as the raw material. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a perennial plant of the Zingiberaceae family native to tropical Asia and has been widely used as a spice around the world since ancient times. Ginger is also used as a crude drug, in the form of dried ginger (shokyo) made from the rhizome of fresh ginger, or dried ginger (kankyo) made by blanching or steaming. The ginger used as a raw material in this invention refers to ginger (Zingiber officinale) belonging to the genus Zingiber of the Zingiberaceae family. The variety of ginger is not particularly limited and includes large ginger such as Otafuku ginger and Omi ginger, medium ginger such as Sanshu ginger and yellow ginger, and small ginger such as Kintoki ginger and Yanaka ginger. The rhizome is mainly used as the ginger. Fresh or dried ginger that has been minced or crushed is used. Furthermore, waste materials such as line losses and pulp discharged during the production of ginger processed products (ginger paste, ginger juice, etc.) can be used as raw materials. Ginger is a plant composed of rhizomes, stems, and leaves, but any part of the plant can be used as the extract as long as it contains gingerol, and the entire ginger plant may be used. Among these, it is preferable to use the rhizome, which contains a large amount of gingerol.

[0016] Ginger contains gingerol and shogaol, which are known as functional components. Gingerol dilates blood vessels and improves blood flow, spreading heat from deep within the body to the extremities such as the hands and feet, thus improving cold extremities. Shogaol stimulates the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, increasing blood circulation and generating heat from the core of the body, thus improving cold extremities caused by low body temperature. Raw ginger contains a lot of gingerol and only a small amount of shogaol, but it is known that heating or drying causes a dehydration reaction, converting gingerol to shogaol.

[0017] The pungent component in raw ginger is almost entirely gingerol, with only a very small amount of shogaol. Here, gingerol includes 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, etc., with 6-gingerol being the main component. On the other hand, shogaol can be produced by converting each gingerol into 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol, and 10-shogaol through dehydration reactions by drying or heating. In shogaol as well, 6-shogaol, converted from 6-gingerol, is the main component. Therefore, in this invention, "gingerol" is defined as including 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, and 10-gingerol, and "shogaol" is defined as including 6-shogaol, 8-shogaol, and 10-shogaol.

[0018] In this embodiment, by using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent to extract ginger raw material with pressurized hot water, gingerol contained in the ginger raw material is converted to shogaol, a dehydration reaction product, through a dehydration reaction, and extracted into the mixed solvent, a ginger extract enriched with shogaol, which is present in only trace amounts in the ginger raw material, can be obtained. In particular, although shogaol is a hydrophobic component that is almost insoluble in water, by using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophobic solvent and pressurized hot water extraction, shogaol can be efficiently extracted into the mixed solvent without using organic solvents. Details of the method for enriching gingerol using ginger as a raw material will be described later.

[0019] Furthermore, as another example of this embodiment, licorice (licorice root) is used as the raw material. Licorice is a perennial herb of the legume family that grows wild in the Mediterranean region, Asia Minor, southern Russia, Central Asia, northern China, North America, etc. It is a medicinal plant, and the dried root (including the rhizome in some varieties) is used as a crude drug. In this embodiment, the variety of licorice is not particularly limited, and Glycyrrhiza One or more of the following species can be used: acanthocarpa, G. aspera, G. astragalina, G. bucharia, G. echinata (Russian licorice), G. eglandulosa, G. foetiida, G. foetidissima, G. glabra (Spanish licorice), G. gontscharovii, G. iconica, G. inflate, G. korshinskyi, G. lepidota (American licorice), G. pallidiflora, G. squamulosa, G. triphylla, G. uraalensis (Ural licorice), G. yunnanensis, G. inflata (Xinjiang licorice). Furthermore, in this embodiment, licorice root refers to the root and stolon of licorice, and also includes the part with the periderm removed (peeled licorice) (The 18th Edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia).

[0020] Licorice root contains glycyrrhizic acid, which is 150 times sweeter than sugar. Glycyrrhetinic acid can be produced by hydrolyzing glycyrrhizic acid with enzymes or strong acids such as sulfuric acid. Glycyrrhetinic acid is known to exhibit a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and antiviral effects.

[0021] In this embodiment, by using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent to extract licorice root raw material with pressurized hot water, the glycyrrhizic acid contained in the licorice root raw material is converted to glycyrrhetinic acid, the hydrolysis product, through a hydrolysis reaction, and extracted into the mixed solvent, a licorice root extract enriched with glycyrrhetinic acid, which is only present in trace amounts in the licorice root raw material, can be obtained. In particular, although glycyrrhetinic acid is a hydrophobic component that is almost insoluble in water, by using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophobic solvent and pressurized hot water extraction, glycyrrhetinic acid can be efficiently extracted into the mixed solvent without using organic solvents. Details of the method for enriching glycyrrhetinic acid using licorice root as a raw material will be described later.

[0022] As examples of animal and plant raw materials used in the present invention, tomatoes, ginger, and licorice root have been given, but other animal and plant raw materials can also be used. Furthermore, in the present invention, animal and plant raw materials can be used in their raw state, but they can also be used in a heated state such as steamed or boiled, a dried state, or as juice or pulp (residue) of animal and plant raw materials. The dried state may be dried raw animal and plant raw materials, dried heated animal and plant raw materials, or dried pulp of animal and plant raw materials. Dried animal and plant raw materials can be obtained by known methods, such as natural drying, hot air drying, freeze-drying, vacuum drying, fluidized bed drying, spray drying, and low-temperature drying. In addition, animal and plant raw materials may be in liquid form, paste form, dried powder form, or solid form. Moreover, animal and plant raw materials may be a filtrate obtained by filtering an extract obtained by pressurized hot water extraction of animal and plant raw materials to remove the solid components of the animal and plant raw materials, or a liquid extract containing the solid components of the animal and plant raw materials. Furthermore, animal and plant-based ingredients may be refrigerated or frozen.

[0023] Furthermore, the animal and plant raw materials may be in any form, but are preferably minced or pulverized. The minced or pulverized animal and plant raw materials can be obtained by mincing or pulverizing the animal and plant raw materials using known methods. For example, this can be done using a mincing or pulverizing apparatus such as a mixer, muscoloider, commit roll, or silent cutter. The particle size of the minced or pulverized animal and plant raw materials is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.15 mm or less. Since a smaller particle size results in a larger surface area, there is no lower limit.

[0024] In this embodiment, plant and animal raw materials such as ginger, tomato, and licorice root are extracted using pressurized hot water extraction with a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent. In this embodiment, the hydrophilic solvent refers to a solvent with high solubility in water, for example, a solvent that dissolves 20 g or more in 100 g of water at 20°C. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the plant and animal raw material extracts may be used for food or cosmetic purposes, it is preferable to use a hydrophilic solvent that is commonly used in food or cosmetic manufacturing. As such a hydrophilic solvent, for example, water or alcohols can be used, and water is preferably used. As alcohols, monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol, and polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and 1,3-butylene glycol can be used.

[0025] The hydrophobic solvent is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, it refers to a solvent that does not fall under the category of a hydrophilic solvent according to this embodiment, that is, a solvent that does not dissolve in 20 g or more of water at 20°C. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the animal and plant raw material extracts may be used for food or cosmetic purposes, it is preferable to use a hydrophobic solvent that is commonly used in food or cosmetic manufacturing. As such a hydrophobic solvent, for example, oil or benzene can be used, and oil can be preferably used. Examples of oils include vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, and synthetic oil, but it is preferable to use an edible oil that is liquid at room temperature, and it is also preferable to use vegetable oil. The vegetable oils used are not particularly limited and include sunflower oil, evening primrose oil, almond oil, olive oil, avocado oil, corn oil, soybean oil, mallow oil, grapeseed oil, sesame oil, hazelnut oil, pruserin oil, palm oil, castor oil, walnut oil, cashew oil, coconut oil, safflower oil, rapeseed oil, camellia oil, macadamia nut oil, sasanqua oil, peanut oil, meadowfoam oil, rice bran sprout oil, linseed oil, squalane, shea butter, jojoba oil, carnauba wax, and candelilla wax, as well as mixtures of two or more of these oils, fractions thereof, hydrogenated oils, transesterified oils, etc.

[0026] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of extraction efficiency, hydrophobic solvents are preferable to oils containing a high amount of saturated fatty acids compared to oils containing a low amount of saturated fatty acids. Similarly, hydrophobic solvents are preferable to oils containing a high amount of medium-chain fatty acids compared to long-chain fatty acids. Although the detailed mechanism is unknown, tests have shown that oils containing a high amount of saturated fatty acids tend to have higher extraction efficiency than oils containing a low amount of saturated fatty acids, and oils containing a high amount of medium-chain fatty acids tend to have higher extraction efficiency than oils containing long-chain fatty acids. To give a specific example, sunflower oil is preferable to corn oil, palm oil is preferable to sunflower oil, and MCT oil (medium-chain fatty acids) is preferable to palm oil.

[0027] In this embodiment, the ratio of hydrophilic solvent to hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the volume ratio of hydrophilic solvent to hydrophobic solvent be in the range of 30:70 to 99:1, more preferably in the range of 50:50 to 95:5 (where the volume ratio of hydrophilic solvent in the mixed solvent is equal to or greater than the volume ratio of hydrophobic solvent), even more preferably in the range of 55:45 to 90:10, and particularly preferably in the range of 60:40 to 85:15. Furthermore, the amount of mixed solvent used with respect to animal and plant raw materials is not particularly limited, but 100 parts by weight or more, preferably 500 parts by weight or more, and more preferably 1000 parts by weight or more, of the mixed solvent can be added per 100 parts by weight of animal and plant raw materials. The upper limit of the amount of mixed solvent used is also not particularly limited, but 10000 parts by weight or less, preferably 5000 parts by weight or less, and more preferably 3000 parts by weight or less, of the mixed solvent can be added per 100 parts by weight of animal and plant raw materials. When the animal and plant raw materials are in a dry state, for example, it is preferable to add 1,000 to 3,000 parts by weight of the mixed solvent per 100 parts by weight of the animal and plant raw materials. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the ratio and content of raw material components and their dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products in the animal and plant extract can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of hydrophilic solvents to hydrophobic solvents in the mixed solvent and the amount of mixed solvent used.

[0028] In the pressurized hot water extraction according to this embodiment, animal and plant raw materials are added to a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and the animal and plant raw materials are extracted under high temperature and high pressure conditions of 0.1 MPa or higher and 100°C or higher. The extraction temperature in pressurized hot water extraction is not particularly limited as long as it is 100°C or higher, but is preferably 120 to 250°C, more preferably 140 to 220°C, and even more preferably 160 to 180°C. The extraction time in pressurized hot water extraction is also not particularly limited, but can be 60 minutes or less, preferably 30 to 60 minutes. In this embodiment, by extracting animal and plant raw materials under high temperature and high pressure conditions of 0.1 MPa or higher and 100°C or higher, raw material-containing components contained in the animal and plant raw materials can be efficiently extracted even with a short extraction time of 60 minutes or less, and dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products of said raw material-containing components can be efficiently produced. Furthermore, the extraction pressure in pressurized hot water extraction is also not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 0.1 to 10 MPa, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 MPa. In this embodiment, the dehydration product or hydrolysis product can be sufficiently enriched even at a pressure lower than 3 MPa, preferably higher than 0.1 MPa and 2.5 MPa or less, and more preferably between 0.9 and 2.3 MPa.

[0029] The method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts according to this embodiment is described below. First, animal and plant raw materials are added to a mixed solvent containing the hydrophilic solvent and hydrophobic solvent described above, and pressurized and heated using a pressurized hot water extraction apparatus or the like until the extraction pressure and temperature are reached. Then, the animal and plant raw materials are extracted using the mixed solvent under pressure with hot water for the extraction time, and cooled after the extraction time has elapsed. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the extract obtained by pressurized hot water extraction is filtered. The filtered filtrate can be obtained as is as the animal and plant raw material extract, or the hydrophilic solvent and hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent can be separated and one of them can be obtained as the animal and plant raw material extract. The separation method of the hydrophilic solvent and hydrophobic solvent can be carried out using known methods. In addition, the extract containing solid matter after cooling following pressurized hot water extraction (unfiltered extract) may be obtained as the extract, or the filtrate obtained by filtering the extract to remove solid matter may be obtained as the extract. Furthermore, the filtrate may be concentrated, and the concentration and components of the extract may be adjusted as appropriate to obtain the extract.

[0030] Pressurized hot water extraction can be carried out using commercially available batch-type pressurized hot water extraction apparatuses and other known methods. An outline of one such apparatus is described below. A sealable pressure vessel is equipped with a heating element, and inside the pressure vessel are a stirrer to improve processing efficiency, a thermometer to monitor the temperature inside the vessel, and a pressure gauge. A nitrogen gas injection line may be connected to the pressure vessel for injecting nitrogen gas, and a cooling water tank may be provided outside the pressure vessel for cooling.

[0031] An example of a mixture processing step using the apparatus configured as described above will be explained. The animal and plant raw materials and an appropriate amount of mixed solvent are placed in a pressure vessel and sealed. The mixture is then stirred with a stirrer and heated to a predetermined temperature and pressure using a heating heater while monitoring the temperature with a thermometer. In this embodiment, the pressure vessel is sealed, and the internal air is heated and expanded with a heating heater to create a pressurized state inside the vessel. Alternatively, nitrogen gas may be injected into the pressure vessel via a nitrogen gas injection line to increase the initial pressure inside the vessel beforehand. Increasing the internal pressure can suppress boiling of the mixture on the inner wall surface of the heated pressure vessel. After a predetermined temperature and / or time has elapsed, the pressure vessel is cooled. After confirming that the internal temperature of the pressure vessel has sufficiently decreased due to cooling, the lid of the pressure vessel is opened and the processed material is removed.

[0032] In this embodiment, the solvent placed in the pressure vessel is, for example, a mixed solvent consisting only of water and vegetable oil, allowing the work to be carried out relatively safely. Furthermore, in the pressurized hot water extraction according to this embodiment, the dehydrated or hydrolyzed products of the raw material components of the animal and plant raw materials can be obtained in a single extraction. Therefore, compared to cases where extraction using an organic solvent is performed after pressurized hot water extraction, a safer animal and plant raw material extract can be obtained, and the production efficiency of the animal and plant raw material extract can be increased. Moreover, since the pressurized hot water extraction according to this embodiment does not use organic acids, emulsifiers, or hydrolytic enzymes, extraction can be performed even at high temperatures, and post-processing such as neutralization is not required, thus simplifying the manufacturing process of the animal and plant raw material extract while improving production efficiency. Furthermore, since a high-temperature, high-pressure mixed solvent is used in pressurized hot water extraction, the animal and plant raw material extract is obtained in a sterilized and sterile state. In addition, in the pressurized hot water extraction according to this embodiment, the dehydrated or hydrolyzed products of the raw material components can be obtained directly from the animal and plant raw materials without performing a prior extraction process for the raw material components.

[0033] Furthermore, while this embodiment is characterized by pressurized hot water extraction of animal and plant raw materials, the configuration may include drying the animal and plant raw materials before the pressurized hot water extraction treatment. The drying method is not particularly limited, and the drying method described above can be used. Alternatively, the pressurized hot water extraction treatment may be performed without drying the animal and plant raw materials, or after removing only the moisture adhering to the surface using a dehydrator or the like. It is preferable to dry the animal and plant raw materials beforehand, as this increases the extraction efficiency of dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products.

[0034] In the animal and plant raw material extracts obtained in this manner, the raw material components contained in the animal and plant raw materials are efficiently converted into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products of those raw material components. In particular, in this embodiment, by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal and plant raw materials with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, the raw material components can be converted into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products more efficiently than with conventional heat treatment (solvent of water only). In a preferred example, 30% or more of the raw material components initially contained are converted into their dehydrated or hydrolyzed products; in a more preferred example, 50% or more of the raw material components initially contained are converted into their dehydrated or hydrolyzed products; in an even more preferred example, 70% or more of the raw material components initially contained are converted into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products; and in a particularly preferred example, 90% or more of the raw material components initially contained are converted into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products.

[0035] Furthermore, by extracting plant and animal raw materials with pressurized hot water using a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, the raw material components contained in the raw materials can be efficiently extracted as they are. In particular, among the raw material components contained in plant and animal raw materials, hydrophobic components that are relatively stable are extracted without undergoing reactions such as dehydration or hydrolysis. Pressurized hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents allows for more efficient extraction of raw material components compared to pressurized hot water extraction with only a hydrophilic solvent or only a hydrophobic solvent, and also compared to atmospheric pressure hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents. This is thought to be because heating the mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents under pressure makes it easier to efficiently destroy the cells of the plant and animal raw materials with the decomposition action and high energy of the hydrophilic solvent, and the convection of the solvent causes the hydrophobic solvent to become finer within the hydrophilic solvent, and mass transfer between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvent phases progresses, significantly increasing the frequency of contact with the raw material components contained in the destroyed cells, thus making it easier to extract the raw material components.

[0036] For example, when lycopene, capsaicin, piperine, β-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin K, squalene, limonene (a type of terpene), ferruginol, and 18β-oleanane are extracted under pressure using a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents. This extraction is performed without dehydration or hydrolysis reactions, and is more efficient than extraction using only a hydrophilic or hydrophobic solvent under pressure using a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, and also more efficient than extraction using a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents under atmospheric pressure using hot water.

[0037] Thus, in this embodiment, by extracting animal and plant raw materials with pressurized hot water using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, a portion of the raw material components is converted into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products through a dehydration or hydrolysis reaction, thereby enriching the raw material, while other portions of the raw material components are efficiently extracted as they are. While the extraction conditions for extracting raw material components as they are can be the same as those for enriching with dehydrated or hydrolyzed products, the extraction conditions can also be varied depending on whether, for example, an animal or plant raw material extract containing a large amount of the raw material components extracted as they are is desired, or whether an animal or plant raw material extract enriched with a large amount of dehydrated or hydrolyzed products is desired.

[0038] Furthermore, in the present invention, the present invention is not limited to dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products, but may also be an animal or plant raw material extract in which the reaction products have been enriched by the action of pressurized hot water extraction of raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials using a mixed solvent. By pressurized hot water extraction of animal or plant raw materials with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, it is also possible to produce an animal or plant raw material extract in which some of the raw material components are converted into reaction products and enriched, while other parts of the raw material components are efficiently extracted as they are.

[0039] The animal and plant raw material extracts obtained in this manner have their raw material components efficiently extracted. In a preferred example, 30% or more of the raw material components originally contained in the animal or plant raw material are extracted; in a more preferred example, 50% or more of the original raw material components are extracted; in an even more preferred example, 70% or more of the original raw material components are extracted; and in a particularly preferred example, 90% or more of the original raw material components are extracted.

[0040] Furthermore, the animal and plant raw material extracts obtained as described above (compositions containing animal and plant raw material extracts, reaction products such as dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products of raw material components, or compositions containing raw material components) may be used as is, diluted, concentrated by vacuum concentration, or used as a dried powder. The animal and plant raw material extracts thus obtained can be expected to have various pharmacological effects when ingested by humans or animals. The obtained animal and plant raw material extracts can be used in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, functional foods, nutritional supplements, health foods, veterinary drugs, veterinary quasi-drugs, animal functional foods, animal nutritional supplements, animal supplements, or animal health foods.

[0041] Furthermore, the obtained animal and plant raw material extracts may be used alone, or, as necessary, may be used with the addition of excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, stabilizers, surfactants, solubilizers, reducing agents, buffers, adsorbents, fluidizers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, sweeteners, flavoring agents, cooling agents, light-blocking agents, flavoring agents, fragrances, aromas, coating agents, plasticizers, etc., which are commonly used in products. The product form of the obtained extract is not particularly limited and may include, for example, liquid (liquid), syrup (syrup), powder (granules, fine granules), tablets (tablets, tablets), capsules (capsules), soft capsules (soft capsules), solid, semi-liquid (jelly), cream, paste, etc.

[0042] The amount of animal and plant extracts ingested is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined based on the ingestor's gender, age, physique, etc. Similarly, the frequency of intake of animal and plant extracts is not particularly limited and can be taken, for example, once to several times a day, or at any desired intervals and durations.

[0043] The following describes an example of the pressurized hot water extraction treatment according to this embodiment.

[0044] "Test Example 1" In Test Example 1, tomatoes were used as the raw material of animals and plants, and tomato extracts were produced by subjecting tomatoes to pressurized hot water extraction. Specifically, the leaf stalks of tomatoes were used as the raw material, and the crushed tomato leaf stalks were dried with hot air at 80 °C for 12 hours using a hot air dryer. Then, the dried tomato leaf stalks (hereinafter also referred to as tomato raw materials) were extracted under the extraction conditions shown in Table 1 below using the "High Pressure Micro Reactor MMJ500" manufactured by OM Labotech Co., Ltd., which is a pressurized hot water extraction treatment device, with 2000 parts by weight of the solvent with respect to 100 parts by weight of the tomato raw material. Note that values below the detection limit (0.01 mg / 100 ml) were expressed as ND.

[0045]

[0046] Specifically, as shown in Table 1 above, in Example 1, a mixed solvent of water and salad oil (water: salad oil mixed at a volume ratio of 8:2) was used, and under pressurized conditions, the mixed solvent was raised to 140 °C, and the tomato raw material was subjected to pressurized hot water extraction at 140 °C for 60 minutes. In Example 2, a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil (water: sunflower oil mixed at a volume ratio of 6:4) was used, and under pressurized conditions, the solvent was raised to 140 °C, and the tomato raw material was subjected to pressurized hot water extraction at 140 °C for 60 minutes. Furthermore, in Examples 3 - 5, a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil (water: sunflower oil mixed at a volume ratio of 8:2) was used, and under pressurized conditions, the tomato raw material was subjected to pressurized hot water extraction at 160 °C, 180 °C, and 200 °C for 30 minutes, respectively.

[0047] In Test Example 1, as Comparative Example 1, an 80% ethanol aqueous solution was used as the solvent, and the tomato raw material was extracted with ethanol at room temperature for 60 minutes. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 2, only water was used as the solvent, and the tomato raw material was extracted with hot water at 90 °C for 60 minutes. In addition, in Comparative Examples 3 - 4, only water was used as the solvent, and the tomato raw material was subjected to pressurized hot water extraction at 140 °C or 180 °C for 60 minutes.

[0048] The tomato extracts from Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were separated into liquid and solid using a centrifuge, and the supernatant was obtained as tomato extract. In Example 1-5, the tomato extract was separated into an aqueous layer mainly containing a hydrophilic solvent and an oil layer mainly containing a hydrophobic solvent, and 1 mL each of the aqueous and oil layers were taken as measurement samples. In the case of the tomato extract from Comparative Example 1-4, since there was no oil layer, 1 mL of the tomato extract (aqueous layer) was taken as a measurement sample. Then, 5 μL of the measurement samples from Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were injected into an HPLC, and the tomatine and tomatidine content was measured. The quantitative values ​​of tomatine and tomatidine were calculated based on calibration curves created using standards (tomatine from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., and tomatidine from MedChemExpress). The HPLC analysis conditions for the tomato extracts are as follows.

[0049] [HPLC Analysis Conditions] Instrument: UltiMate 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.) Column: InertSustain C18, 2.1 × 150 mm (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) Flow rate: 0.2 mL / min Temperature: 40°C Detection: UV = 195 nm Solvent: A = 0.1% aqueous acetic acid solution, B = acetonitrile solution, C = ultrapure water Gradient: A / B / C (%) 5 / 15 / 80 → 5 / 65 / 30 (15 min), 5 / 95 / 0 (7 min), 5 / 15 / 80 (7 min) Elution time of tomatine: 11.46 min Elution time of tomatidine: 15.99 min

[0050] As shown in Table 1 above, of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1-4, only Example 1-5 was able to enrich the sample with tomatidine. Specifically, in Example 1-5, which was extracted using pressurized hot water with a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, it was found that the aqueous layer contained a large amount of tomatine, while the oil layer contained a large amount of tomatidine, as shown in Table 1 above. Tomatindin is the hydrophobic skeleton of tomatine and is known to be obtained by acid hydrolysis of tomatine. In this embodiment, it is thought that tomatine, which is abundant in the tomato raw material, was converted to tomatidine by the hydrolysis reaction caused by pressurized hot water extraction, and because the mixed solvent contains a hydrophobic solvent, tomatidine leached into the hydrophobic solvent, allowing for efficient extraction of tomatidine in the oil layer.

[0051] Furthermore, in Examples 3-5 of Table 1 above, the same mixed solvent composition was used, with only the temperature conditions being changed. From these results, it was found that, in order to efficiently extract tomatidine, the temperature of pressurized hot water extraction should preferably be less than 200°C, and more preferably less than 180°C. This is thought to be because, at high extraction temperatures of 180°C or higher, tomatine is destroyed by heat, reducing the amount of tomatine, which is the source of tomatidine. In addition, in Example 2, the extraction temperature was lower at 140°C compared to Examples 3-5, and the proportion of sunflower oil in the mixed solvent was higher at 40%. However, the tomatine content in the aqueous layer was higher than in Examples 3-5, and in the oil layer, the tomatidine content was lower than in Example 3, but higher than in Examples 4-5. From this, it is thought that the tomatine and tomatidine content in the aqueous or oil layer can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent. Furthermore, in Test Example 1, tomatidine could be extracted even under the extraction conditions of Example 1, indicating that when extracting tomatidine from tomato raw materials, the hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent is not limited to sunflower oil, but other oils such as salad oil can also be used.

[0052] As shown in Table 1 above, in this embodiment, when the oil layer of the tomato extract obtained by pressurized hot water extraction is used as the tomato extract, it was found that a tomato extract containing 0.2 mg or more, preferably 0.5 mg or more, and more preferably 1.0 mg or more of tomatidine can be obtained per 100 ml of extract. Furthermore, as in the oil layer of Example 1-2, it was found that by adjusting the type and ratio of hydrophobic solvents in the mixed solvent in pressurized hot water extraction, the extraction temperature, etc., a tomato extract containing almost no toxic tomatine can be obtained. Moreover, from another perspective, as shown in Table 1 above, in this embodiment, it was found that a tomato extract containing 0.03 mg or more of tomatidine can be produced from 1 g of tomato raw material, preferably a tomato extract containing 0.1 mg or more of tomatidine can be produced from 1 g of tomato raw material, and more preferably a tomato extract containing 0.2 mg or more of tomatidine can be produced from 1 g of tomato raw material.

[0053] As shown in Table 1 above, in Comparative Examples 1-2, where pressurized hot water extraction was not performed, and in Comparative Examples 1-4, where the extraction solvent did not contain a hydrophobic solvent, tomatine could be extracted, but tomatidine, a hydrophobic component, could not. From these findings, it was found that by including a hydrophobic solvent in the solvent used for pressurized hot water extraction, tomatidine can be extracted by pressurized hot water extraction.

[0054] 《Test Example 2》 In Test Example 2, ginger was used as the plant and animal raw material, and ginger extract was produced by pressurized hot water extraction of the ginger. Specifically, minced ginger was used as the raw material and dried in a hot air dryer at 110°C for 2 hours. The dried ginger (hereinafter also referred to as ginger raw material) was then extracted using a pressurized hot water extraction apparatus, the "High Pressure Microreactor MMJ500" manufactured by OM Labtec Co., Ltd., with 2000 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of ginger raw material, according to the extraction conditions shown in Table 2 below. Samples in which no peak was detected were indicated as NF, and samples below the detection limit (0.01 mg / 100 ml) were indicated as ND.

[0055]

[0056] Specifically, as shown in Table 2 above, in Example 6, a mixed solvent of water and salad oil (water:salad oil mixed in a volume ratio of 7:3) was used, and the mixed solvent was heated to 220°C under pressurized conditions, and the ginger raw material was extracted under pressurized hot water at 220°C for 15 minutes. In Examples 7-9, a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil (water:sunflower oil mixed in a volume ratio of 8:2) was used, and the ginger raw material was extracted under pressurized conditions at 160°C, 180°C, and 200°C for 30 minutes, respectively. Furthermore, in Examples 10-12, a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil (water:sunflower oil mixed in a volume ratio of 6:4) was used, and the ginger raw material was extracted under pressurized conditions at 160°C, 180°C, and 200°C for 30 minutes, respectively. In Examples 13-15, a mixed solvent of water and MCT oil (medium-chain fatty acids) (water:MCT oil mixed in a volume ratio of 8:2) was used to extract ginger raw materials under pressurized conditions at 160°C, 180°C, and 200°C for 30 minutes, respectively. In addition, in Examples 16-18, a mixed solvent of water and MCT oil (water:MCT oil mixed in a volume ratio of 6:4) was used to extract ginger raw materials under pressurized conditions at 160°C, 180°C, and 200°C for 30 minutes, respectively. Furthermore, in Test Example 2, as Comparative Example 5, ginger raw materials were extracted under pressurized conditions at 180°C for 60 minutes using only water as the solvent, and as Comparative Example 6, ginger raw materials were extracted under pressurized conditions at 180°C for 60 minutes using a 60% ethanol aqueous solution as the solvent. In addition, as Comparative Example 7, ginger raw material was extracted using only sunflower oil as a solvent under pressurized conditions at 180°C for 30 minutes using hot water extraction. As Comparative Example 8, ginger raw material was extracted using only MCT oil as a solvent under pressurized conditions at 180°C for 30 minutes using hot water extraction.

[0057] The ginger extracts obtained from Examples 6-18 and Comparative Examples 5-8 were separated into liquid and solid using a centrifuge, and the supernatant was obtained as ginger extract. In Examples 6-18 and Comparative Examples 7-8, the ginger extract was separated into an aqueous layer mainly containing a hydrophilic solvent and an oil layer mainly containing a hydrophobic solvent, and 1 mL each of the aqueous and oil layers was taken as measurement samples. In the case of the ginger extract of Comparative Example 5-6, since there was no oil layer, 1 mL of the ginger extract (aqueous layer) was taken as a measurement sample. Then, 5 μL of the measurement samples from Examples 6-18 and Comparative Examples 5-8 were injected into an HPLC, and 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol were measured. The quantitative values ​​of both 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol were calculated based on calibration curves created using standard samples (Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.). The HPLC analysis conditions for the ginger extract were as follows.

[0058] [HPLC Analysis Conditions] Instrument: UltiMate 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.) Column: InertSustain C18, 2.1 × 150 mm (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) Flow rate: 0.2 mL / min Temperature: 40°C Detection: UV = 280 nm Solvent: A = 0.1% aqueous acetic acid solution, B = acetonitrile solution, C = ultrapure water Gradient: A / B / C (%) 5 / 0 / 95 → 5 / 95 / 0 (30 min), 5 / 95 / 0 (7 min), 5 / 95 / 0 → 5 / 0 / 95 (0.1 min), 5 / 0 / 95 (7 min) Elution time of 6-gingerol: 23.6 min Elution time of 6-shogaol: 27.8 min

[0059] As shown in Table 2 above, in Example 6-18, gingerol and shogaol were obtained in the oil layer of the ginger extract. In particular, the results from Example 6-18 showed that the amount of gingerol extracted tended to decrease with increasing extraction temperature, while the amount of shogaol extracted tended to increase with increasing extraction temperature. This is thought to be because shogaol is produced by the dehydration reaction of gingerol, and the dehydration reaction of gingerol is accelerated at higher temperatures. Furthermore, comparing Examples 7-9 and 10-12, which used a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil, and Examples 13-15 and 16-18, which used a mixed solvent of water and MCT, it was found that Examples 10-12 and 16-18, which had a lower proportion of hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent, tended to enrich the mixture with more shogaol. Furthermore, comparing Examples 7-12, which used sunflower oil, with Examples 13-16, which used MCT, it was found that Examples 13-16, which used MCT, which has a higher content of saturated fatty acids or medium-chain fatty acids compared to sunflower oil, tended to enrich gingerol more effectively.

[0060] Furthermore, in the method for producing ginger extract according to this embodiment, gingerol can be enriched with high efficiency. Specifically, as shown in Table 2 above, it was possible to obtain a ginger extract containing 20 mg or more of gingerol per 100 ml of extract, or 50 mg or more of gingerol per 100 ml of extract, preferably 100 mg or more of gingerol per 100 ml of extract, and more preferably 300 mg or more of gingerol per 100 ml of extract. Moreover, from another viewpoint, in this embodiment, as shown in Table 2 above, it was possible to produce a ginger extract containing 4 mg or more of gingerol per 1 g of ginger raw material, preferably a ginger extract containing 10 mg or more of gingerol per 1 g of ginger raw material, more preferably a ginger extract containing 30 mg or more of gingerol per 1 g of ginger raw material, and in a particularly preferred example, a ginger extract containing 70 mg or more of gingerol per 1 g of ginger raw material could be produced.

[0061] As shown in Table 2 above, in Comparative Example 5, where the extraction solvent was water only and did not contain a hydrophobic solvent, shogaol could not be extracted. In Comparative Example 6, where ethanol was used, shogaol could be extracted, but the removal of ethanol was required in a subsequent step, which reduced the overall production efficiency of the ginger extract. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 7, where the extraction solvent was sunflower oil only, and Comparative Example 8, where the extraction solvent was MCT only, gingerol and shogaol could be extracted from the oil layer, but the amount of shogaol extracted was significantly lower compared to Examples 1-18. From these results, it was found that by using a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent as the solvent for pressurized hot water extraction, a ginger extract enriched with shogaol can be efficiently produced by pressurized hot water extraction.

[0062] 《Test Example 3》 In Test Example 3, licorice root was used as the plant and animal raw material, and licorice root extract was produced by pressurized hot water extraction of the licorice root. Specifically, crushed licorice root was used as the raw material, and the licorice root (hereinafter also referred to as licorice root raw material) that was dried with hot air was extracted using a pressurized hot water extraction apparatus, the "High Pressure Microreactor MMJ500" manufactured by OM Labtec Co., Ltd., with a solvent of 1000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of licorice root raw material, according to the extraction conditions shown in Table 3 below.

[0063] Specifically, in Examples 19-21, a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil (water:sunflower oil mixed in a volume ratio of 8:2) was used to extract licorice root raw material under pressurized conditions at temperatures of 160°C, 180°C, and 200°C for 30 minutes, respectively. In Test Example 3, as Comparative Example 9, water alone was used as the solvent to extract licorice root raw material under pressurized conditions at 180°C for 60 minutes.

[0064] The obtained licorice root extract was then separated into liquid and solid using a centrifuge, and the supernatant was obtained as licorice root extract. In Examples 19-21, the licorice root extract was separated into an aqueous layer mainly containing a hydrophilic solvent and an oil layer mainly containing a hydrophobic solvent, and 1 mL each of the aqueous and oil layers was taken as measurement samples. In Comparative Example 9, since there was no oil layer, 1 mL of the licorice root extract (aqueous layer) was taken as a measurement sample. Then, 5 μL of the measurement samples from Examples 19-21 and Comparative Example 9 were injected into an HPLC, and the glycyrrhetinic acid was measured. The quantitative value of glycyrrhetinic acid was calculated based on a calibration curve created using a standard (Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). The HPLC analysis conditions for the licorice root extract are as follows.

[0065] [HPLC Analysis Conditions] Instrument: UltiMate 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.) Column: InertSustain C18, 2.1 × 150 mm (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) Flow rate: 0.2 mL / min Temperature: 40°C Detection: UV = 253 nm Solvent: A = 0.1% aqueous acetic acid solution, B = acetonitrile solution, C = ultrapure water Gradient: A / B / C (%) 5 / 0 / 95 → 5 / 95 / 0 (23 min), 5 / 95 / 0 (7 min), 5 / 0 / 95 (7 min) Elution time of glycyrrhetinic acid: 21.7 min

[0066] As shown in Table 3 above, in Examples 19-21, glycyrrhetinic acid could be detected in both the aqueous and oil layers of the licorice root extract. However, more glycyrrhetinic acid was extracted in the oil layer compared to the aqueous layer. Glycyrrhetinic acid is a component produced by hydrolyzing glycyrrhizic acid contained in licorice root, and it is insoluble in water. Therefore, in Test Example 3, it is considered that by using a mixed solvent of water and sunflower oil and performing pressurized hot water extraction in Examples 19-21, the glycyrrhetinic acid produced by the hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid could dissolve in the hydrophobic solvent sunflower oil, allowing for efficient extraction of glycyrrhetinic acid.

[0067] Specifically, in Examples 19-21, glycyrrhetinic acid at a concentration of 72.12 mg / 100 ml or more was obtained in the oil layer of the licorice root extract. In particular, the higher the extraction temperature in pressurized hot water extraction, the higher the extraction efficiency of glycyrrhetinic acid. In Example 20, 132.40 mg / 100 ml of glycyrrhetinic acid was obtained by setting the extraction temperature to 180°C, while in Example 21, 146.04 mg / 100 ml of glycyrrhetinic acid was obtained by setting the extraction temperature to 200°C, which was approximately twice as efficient as in Example 19, where the extraction temperature was 160°C. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 9, since the solvent was only water, glycyrrhetinic acid could not be efficiently extracted into the solvent, and the glycyrrhetinic acid content in the licorice root extract was low at 0.14 mg / 100 ml.

[0068] Furthermore, in the method for producing licorice root extract according to this embodiment, glycyrrhetinic acid can be enriched with high efficiency. Specifically, as shown in Table 3 above, it was possible to obtain a licorice root extract containing 50 mg or more of glycyrrhetinic acid per 100 ml of extract, or 100 mg or more of glycyrrhetinic acid per 100 ml of extract, preferably 140 mg or more of glycyrrhetinic acid per 100 ml of extract. Moreover, from another viewpoint, in this embodiment, as shown in Table 3 above, it was possible to produce a licorice root extract containing 10 mg or more of glycyrrhetinic acid per 1 g of licorice root raw material, preferably a licorice root extract containing 20 mg or more of glycyrrhetinic acid per 1 g of licorice root raw material, and more preferably a licorice root extract containing 29 mg or more of glycyrrhetinic acid per 1 g of licorice root raw material.

[0069] 《Test Example 4》 In Test Example 4, we verified whether the components of the animal and plant raw materials can be efficiently extracted when they are extracted using pressurized hot water in a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent. Specifically, we verified whether lycopene contained in tomatoes could be extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, compared to when pressurized hot water extraction is performed using only a hydrophilic solvent, and compared to when pressurized hot water extraction is performed using a mixed solvent containing both a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic solvent at atmospheric pressure.

[0070] Specifically, as shown in Table 4 below, in Examples 22-27, raw tomato fruit was used, the solid content of the tomato fruit was used as the raw material, and the water contained in the tomato fruit was considered as part of the hydrophilic solvent. The weight ratio of the raw material to the mixed solvent of hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents was set to 1:20 or 1:30, and pressurized hot water extraction was performed at 120-180°C for 15 minutes. In Examples 22-26, the mixed solvent was adjusted so that the weight ratio of the hydrophilic solvent (including the water from the tomato) to the hydrophobic solvent was 5.8:4.2 or 3.8:6.2, and pressurized hot water extraction was performed. Deionized water was used as the hydrophilic solvent other than the water from the tomato, and sunflower oil was used as the hydrophobic solvent.

[0071] Furthermore, in Test Example 4, as shown in Table 4 below, Comparative Examples 10-11 were performed using a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent with hot water extraction at atmospheric pressure, Comparative Examples 12-14 were performed using an aqueous ethanol solution with room temperature extraction or pressurized hot water extraction, and Comparative Examples 15-16 were performed using only water with hot water extraction at atmospheric pressure or pressurized hot water extraction.

[0072] The obtained tomato fruit extract was then separated into liquid and solid using a centrifuge, and the supernatant was obtained as tomato fruit extract. In Examples 22-27 and Comparative Examples 10-11, the tomato fruit extract was separated into an aqueous layer mainly containing a hydrophilic solvent and an oil layer mainly containing a hydrophobic solvent. One mL each of the aqueous and oil layers was taken and diluted twice with tetrahydrofuran to prepare the measurement sample. In the case of the tomato fruit extract of Comparative Example 12-17, since there was no oil layer, one mL of the tomato fruit extract (aqueous layer) was taken and diluted twice with tetrahydrofuran to prepare the measurement sample. Then, 5 μL of the measurement samples from Examples 22-27 and Comparative Example 10-17 were injected into an HPLC to measure lycopene. The quantitative value of lycopene was calculated based on a calibration curve created using a standard (Sigma-Aldrich). The HPLC analysis conditions for lycopene analysis are as follows.

[0073] [HPLC Analysis Conditions] Instrument: High-performance liquid chromatograph LC-2030 Plus (Shimadzu Corporation) Column: Xbridge C15 5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm (Waters Corporation) Flow rate: 1 mL / min Temperature: 40°C Detection: UV = 472 nm Solvent: A = Acetonitrile solution (55%), B = Methanol (40%), C = Tetrahydrofuran (5%)

[0074] As shown in Table 4 above, in Examples 22-27, in which tomato fruit was extracted using pressurized hot water in a mixed solvent of hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, it was found that lycopene could be extracted more efficiently from the oil layer compared to Comparative Examples 10-17, in which extraction was performed by other methods. In particular, as shown in Example 23, it was found that lycopene could be extracted with even higher extraction efficiency when the extraction temperature was set to 140°C. In Examples 26-27, the amount of mixed solvent relative to the raw material was larger than in Examples 22-25, resulting in a lower amount of lycopene extracted per 100 mL of tomato fruit extract. In particular, in Examples 26-27, the amount of lycopene extracted was less than the ratio of the mixed solvent to the raw material compared to Examples 23 and 25 under the same temperature conditions (because the amount of mixed solvent to raw material 1 was 20 in Examples 22-25 and 30 in Examples 26-27, even if the amount of lycopene extracted in Examples 26-27 were 1.5 times greater, it would be 9.72 mg / 100 mL in Example 26 and 3.62 mg / 100 mL in Example 27, which is significantly lower than the extraction amounts in Examples 23 and 25). Therefore, a ratio of hydrophilic solvent to hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent tended to be more favorable when there was more hydrophilic solvent, as in Examples 22-25. Specifically, the ratio of hydrophilic solvent to hydrophobic solvent (hydrophilic solvent / hydrophobic solvent) is preferably 1.0 or higher, and more preferably 1.3 or higher. There is no particular upper limit, but it is preferably 5.0 or lower, and more preferably 3.0 or lower.

[0075] 《Test Example 5》 In Test Example 5, we investigated whether capsaicin, a hydrophobic component contained in chili peppers, which are plant and animal raw materials, could be extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, compared to pressurized hot water extraction using only a hydrophilic solvent, and compared to atmospheric pressure hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing both a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic solvent.

[0076] Specifically, as shown in Table 5 below, in Examples 28-29, the weight ratio of chili peppers to a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent (water) and a hydrophobic solvent (sunflower oil) was 1:10, and pressurized hot water extraction was performed at 140°C or 180°C for 15 minutes. Furthermore, in Test Example 5, as shown in Table 5 below, Comparative Examples 18-20 were extracted at room temperature or pressurized hot water using an aqueous ethanol solution, and Comparative Examples 21-23 were extracted at atmospheric pressure or pressurized hot water using only water.

[0077] The obtained chili pepper extract was then separated into liquid and solid using a centrifuge, and the supernatant was obtained as chili pepper extract. Specifically, in Example 29, the chili pepper extract was separated into an aqueous layer mainly containing a hydrophilic solvent and an oil layer mainly containing a hydrophobic solvent. 2 g each of the aqueous and oil layers were taken, and as a pretreatment to remove impurities, 4 mL of methanol was added to each and ultrasonic waves were irradiated for 30 seconds, followed by stirring for 2 hours. The supernatant was then obtained using a centrifuge and used as the measurement sample. In Example 28, since the chili pepper extract could not be separated into an aqueous layer and an oil layer, 2 g of the chili pepper extract containing both the aqueous and oil layers was taken, and pretreatment to remove impurities was performed in the same manner as in Example 29, and the supernatant was used as the measurement sample. Furthermore, since the chili pepper extracts of Comparative Examples 18-23 did not contain an oil layer, 2 g of the chili pepper extract (aqueous layer) was taken, pre-treated to remove impurities in the same manner as in Examples 28 and 29, and the supernatant was used as the measurement sample. Then, 5 μL of the measurement samples from Examples 28-29 and Comparative Examples 19-23 were injected into an HPLC to measure capsaicin. The quantitative value of capsaicin was calculated based on a calibration curve created using a standard (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). The HPLC analysis conditions for analyzing capsaicin are as follows.

[0078] [HPLC Analysis Conditions] Instrument: UltiMate 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) Column: Xbridge C15 5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm (Waters) Flow rate: 0.8 mL / min Temperature: 40°C Detection: UV = 472 nm Solvent: A = 1% acetic acid, B = acetonitrile solution Gradient: A / B (%) 50 / 50 (10 min), 5 / 95 (10 min), 50 / 50 (10 min)

[0079] As shown in Table 5 above, in Example 29, where chili peppers were extracted using pressurized hot water in a mixed solvent of hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, capsaicin was extracted in the oil layer, and a significantly larger amount of capsaicin was extracted compared to other examples using ethanol aqueous solution or water as the solvent. In Example 28, the amount of capsaicin extracted was likely small because the aqueous layer and the oil layer could not be separated. However, it was confirmed that by pressurized hot water extraction of chili peppers, which are plant and animal raw materials, using a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, the hydrophobic component capsaicin contained in chili peppers can be extracted more efficiently compared to pressurized hot water extraction using only a hydrophilic solvent, and compared to atmospheric pressure hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents.

[0080] 《Test Example 6》 In Test Example 6, we investigated whether piperine, a hydrophobic component contained in black pepper, could be extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, compared to pressurized hot water extraction using only a hydrophilic solvent, and compared to atmospheric pressure hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing both a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic solvent.

[0081] Specifically, as shown in Table 6 below, in Examples 30-31, black pepper was mixed with a hydrophilic solvent (water) and a hydrophobic solvent (sunflower oil) in a weight ratio of 1:10, and pressurized hot water extraction was performed at 140°C or 180°C for 15 minutes. Furthermore, in Test Example 5, as shown in Table 6 below, comparative examples 24-26 were extracted at room temperature or pressurized hot water using an aqueous ethanol solution, and comparative examples 27-29 were extracted at atmospheric pressure or pressurized hot water using only water.

[0082] The obtained black pepper extract was then separated into liquid and solid using a centrifuge, and the supernatant was obtained as the black pepper extract. Specifically, in Example 30-31, since the black pepper extract could not be separated into an aqueous layer and an oil layer, 2 g of the black pepper extract containing both the aqueous and oil layers was taken, and as a pretreatment to remove impurities, 4 mL of methanol was added to each and ultrasonic waves were irradiated for 30 seconds, then stirred for 2 hours, and the supernatant was obtained using a centrifuge and used as the measurement sample. Furthermore, in the case of the black pepper extract related to Comparative Example 24-29, since there was no oil layer, 2 g of the black pepper extract (aqueous layer) was taken, and pretreatment to remove impurities was performed in the same manner as in Example 30-31, and the supernatant was used as the measurement sample. Then, 5 μL of the measurement samples from Example 30-31 and Comparative Example 24-29 were injected into an HPLC, and piperine was measured. The quantitative value of piperine was calculated based on a calibration curve created using a standard (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). The HPLC analysis conditions for analyzing piperine are as follows:

[0083] [HPLC Analysis Conditions] Instrument: UltiMate 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) Column: Xbridge C15 5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm (Waters) Flow rate: 1.4 mL / min Temperature: 40°C Detection: UV = 270 nm Solvent: A = 1% acetic acid, B = acetonitrile solution Gradient: A / B (%) 55 / 45 (10 min), 55 / 45 → 5 / 95 (10 min), 0 / 100 (3 min), 55 / 45 (7 min)

[0084] As shown in Table 6 above, in Examples 30 and 31, where black pepper was extracted using pressurized hot water in a mixed solvent of hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, the aqueous layer and oil layer could not be separated, but piperine could be extracted efficiently. In particular, in Example 31, where the extraction temperature was 180°C, piperine could be extracted with more than twice the efficiency compared to the other examples. Thus, it was confirmed that by pressurized hot water extraction of black pepper, a plant-based raw material, using a mixed solvent containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents, piperine, a hydrophobic component contained in black pepper, can be extracted more efficiently than when using pressurized hot water extraction with only a hydrophilic solvent, and compared to when using atmospheric pressure hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents.

[0085] As described above, in the method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts according to this embodiment, by extracting animal and plant raw materials with pressurized hot water in a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, the components of the animal and plant raw materials are extracted from the animal and plant raw materials, while the raw material-containing components derived from the animal and plant raw materials are converted into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products by a dehydration reaction or hydrolysis reaction, thereby providing an animal and plant raw material extract enriched with dehydrated or hydrolyzed products of the raw material-containing components. In particular, in this embodiment, by including a hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent, even when the dehydrated or hydrolyzed product is a hydrophobic component, the dehydrated or hydrolyzed product can be efficiently extracted from the animal and plant raw materials into the hydrophobic solvent. For example, tomatidine, which is a hydrolyzed product of tomatine contained in tomatoes, shogaol, which is a dehydrated product of gingerol contained in ginger, and glycyrrhetinic acid, which is a hydrolyzed product of glycyrrhizic acid contained in licorice root, have pharmacological effects useful to the human body, but these components are not contained in the animal and plant raw materials, or are contained in trace amounts, and are insoluble in water or hardly soluble in water. Therefore, conventionally, the above-mentioned water-insoluble components were extracted by treating animal and plant raw materials with hot water at 100°C or below under normal pressure, followed by treating the raw material residue with an organic solvent. However, with the extraction method according to this embodiment, these dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products can be efficiently extracted in a single extraction. Furthermore, in this embodiment, by using hydrophilic or hydrophobic solvents commonly used in food and cosmetics, the animal and plant raw material extracts can be safely used in food and cosmetic applications.

[0086] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents can be easily separated, it is possible to easily separate components contained in the hydrophilic solvent from components contained in the hydrophobic solvent and adjust the extracted components of animal and plant raw materials. For example, tomatine contained in tomatoes is contained in the hydrophilic solvent, and tomatidine is contained in the hydrophobic solvent, so toxic tomatine and the active ingredient tomatidine can be easily separated. In addition, in this embodiment, by changing the extraction conditions of pressurized hot water extraction, such as the extraction temperature, the type of hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent, and the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic solvents in the mixed solvent, the ratio and amount of raw material components in the animal and plant raw material extract and the dehydration reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products of said raw material components can also be adjusted.

[0087] Furthermore, in this embodiment, by performing pressurized hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, it is possible to extract raw material components, particularly hydrophobic raw material components, more efficiently compared to pressurized hot water extraction with only a hydrophilic solvent or only a hydrophobic solvent, and compared to atmospheric pressure hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent.

[0088] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications and improvements can be made to the above embodiments, and such modified or improved forms are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0089] For example, in the embodiments described above, tomato leaves and stems, ginger, licorice root, tomato fruit, chili pepper, and black pepper were used as examples of animal and plant raw materials. However, the animal and plant raw materials in the present invention are not limited to these, and the present invention can be applied to other animal and plant raw materials as well. For example, as in the embodiments described above, the present invention can be applied to any animal or plant raw material in which the raw material-containing components derived from the animal or plant raw material are converted into useful dehydrated reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products by reactions such as hydrolysis or dehydration reactions. Furthermore, the present invention is particularly effective when the reaction products, such as dehydrated reaction products or hydrolysis reaction products, are hydrophobic components.

Claims

1. A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials and a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of said raw material components, wherein the dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product is enriched, characterized in that the animal or plant raw materials are extracted using pressurized hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby converting and enriching the raw material components into the dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product through a dehydration reaction or hydrolysis reaction.

2. A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials or reactants of said raw material components, characterized in that the animal or plant raw materials are extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and / or the raw material components are converted into reactants and enriched.

3. A method for producing an extract from animal and plant raw materials, wherein the raw material components contained in the animal and plant raw materials are efficiently extracted, characterized in that the animal and plant raw materials are extracted using pressurized hot water extraction with a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent.

4. The method for producing an extract from an animal or plant raw material according to claim 1, wherein the dehydration product or hydrolysis product is a hydrophobic component, and the components contained in the raw material are converted to the dehydration product or hydrolysis product by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal or plant raw material using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and the converted dehydration product or hydrolysis product is extracted with the hydrophobic solvent.

5. The method for producing an extract of an animal or plant raw material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the raw material component or the reactant is a hydrophobic component, and the animal or plant raw material is extracted by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, thereby causing the hydrophilic solvent and the hydrophobic solvent to become finer and act on the animal or plant raw material.

6. A method for producing an animal or plant raw material extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, after pressurized hot water extraction, the mixed solvent is separated into a fraction of the hydrophilic solvent and a fraction of the hydrophobic solvent, and the fraction of the hydrophobic solvent is obtained as the animal or plant raw material extract, or the animal or plant raw material extract is obtained based on the fraction of the hydrophobic solvent.

7. The method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts according to claim 1, wherein, after pressurized hot water extraction, the hydrophobic solvent has a higher distribution of the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product compared to the hydrophilic solvent.

8. The method for producing an extract from an animal or plant raw material according to claim 1, wherein the animal or plant raw material originally contains the raw material components and the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product, and the amount of the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product is increased by pressurized hot water extraction to an amount greater than that originally contained in the animal or plant raw material.

9. The method for producing animal and plant raw material extracts according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrophilic solvent to the hydrophobic solvent in the mixed solvent is in the range of 50:50 to 95:

5.

10. An animal or plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials and a dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product of said raw material components, wherein the dehydration reaction product or hydrolysis reaction product is enriched, and the animal or plant raw material extract is obtained by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent.

11. An animal or plant raw material extract containing raw material components derived from animal or plant raw materials or reactants of said raw material components, wherein the raw material extract is obtained by extracting the raw material components by pressurized hot water extraction of the animal or plant raw materials using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent, and / or by converting the raw material components into reactants and enriching them.

12. An animal and plant raw material extract in which raw material components contained in animal and plant raw materials are efficiently extracted, wherein the animal and plant raw materials are obtained by pressurized hot water extraction using a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent.

13. The plant and animal raw material extract according to claim 10, comprising the hydrophilic solvent and the hydrophobic solvent, wherein the hydrophobic solvent fraction has a higher distribution of the dehydration reaction product or the hydrolysis reaction product compared to the hydrophilic solvent fraction.

14. An animal or plant raw material extract according to any one of claims 10 to 12, comprising the hydrophobic solvent fraction obtained by separating the mixed solvent into the hydrophilic solvent fraction and the hydrophobic solvent fraction after pressurized hot water extraction, or obtained based on the hydrophobic solvent fraction.

15. A method for preparing the extract components of an extract obtained from animal and plant raw materials, comprising: extracting the animal and plant raw materials with pressurized hot water in a mixed solvent containing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent to convert the raw material-containing components derived from the animal and plant raw materials into dehydrated or hydrolyzed products of the raw material-containing components through a dehydration reaction or hydrolysis reaction; and separating the hydrophilic solvent compartment from the hydrophobic solvent compartment to separate the hydrophilic pre-dehydrated product or hydrolyzed product from the hydrophobic pre-dehydrated product or hydrolyzed product.

Images