Hydraulic impactor and rock breaking device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of impactors, and provides a hydraulic impactor and a rock breaking device. The hydraulic impactor comprises a drill rod, a front guide module, a gearbox module, and a hydraulic impact module; the drill rod passes through the front guide module; the gearbox module is arranged on the rear side of the front guide module and is connected to the front guide module; an impact flow distribution module is arranged on the rear side of the gearbox module and is connected to the gearbox module; the impact flow distribution module comprises a flow distribution housing, an impact piston, and a flow distribution member; the surfaces of the impact piston and the flow distribution member are provided with shoulder structures; some shoulder structures have first acting surfaces and second acting surfaces; the first acting surfaces and the second acting surfaces form hydraulic acting surfaces; and the hydraulic acting surfaces are located in corresponding oil cavities. In the hydraulic impactor and the rock breaking device provided by the present application, by means of a modular design, modules are tightly connected and can be easily detached, so that the hydraulic impactor does not require excessive detachment operation during maintenance, thereby shortening the maintenance time and improving the maintainability of the whole machine.

Description

A hydraulic impactor and rock-breaking device

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411947608.5, filed on December 26, 2024, entitled "A Hydraulic Impactor and Rock Breaking Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of impactor technology, and more particularly to a hydraulic impactor and rock-breaking device. Background Technology

[0003] Impactors are essential construction equipment in tunneling and mining. They utilize hydraulic oil to drive an impact piston that continuously strikes the end of a drill rod, generating impact stress that is transmitted to the rock-breaking interface between the drill bit and the rock. Impactors include pneumatic impactors, electric impactors, and hydraulic impactors, and are widely used in tunnel construction for railways, water conservancy projects, subway projects, oil and gas pipelines, and other applications.

[0004] The working environment of the impactor is complex. Under the influence of biased loads and acidic water corrosion, the internal parts of the impactor often experience hydraulic oil emulsification, rock drilling component corrosion, and wear. Therefore, it is necessary to perform regular maintenance on the vulnerable parts of the impactor.

[0005] However, traditional impactors have a complex structure and take a long time to disassemble and assemble, resulting in poor maintainability of the whole machine. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, this application provides a hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment to solve the problems of long disassembly and assembly time and poor maintainability of traditional impactors.

[0007] This application provides a hydraulic impactor, comprising:

[0008] A drill rod is used to drill holes and break rocks in fractured surfaces.

[0009] A front guide module, through which the drill rod passes, the front guide module being used to guide the drill rod;

[0010] A gearbox module is located on the rear side of the front guide module and connected to the front guide module. The gearbox module is used to drive the chisel to rotate.

[0011] An impact distribution module is located at the rear of the gearbox module and connected to the gearbox module. The impact distribution module includes:

[0012] The distribution housing is provided with an oil inlet channel and an oil return channel. Both the oil inlet channel and the oil return channel are connected to an external oil supply device. The inner wall of the distribution housing is provided with multiple oil chambers, which are connected to the oil inlet channel and the oil return channel.

[0013] An impact piston is connected to the drill rod drive to drive the drill rod to move. The impact distribution module is configured to drive the impact piston to move by adjusting the oil pressure in the multiple oil chambers.

[0014] A flow distribution component is located on the rear side of the impact piston and is connected to the impact piston in a driving manner to adjust the pressure state of the multiple oil chambers;

[0015] The surface of the impact piston is provided with a shoulder structure, wherein part of the shoulder structure has a first working surface along the axial direction toward the drill rod, and part of the shoulder structure has a second working surface along the axial direction away from the drill rod. The first working surface and the second working surface both constitute a hydraulic working surface, and the hydraulic working surface is located in the corresponding oil cavity.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the impact piston has a first stroke along the axial direction, and the distributor has a second stroke along the axial direction, the second stroke being less than the first stroke.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the oil chamber includes: a first high-pressure chamber and a first low-pressure chamber.

[0018] The first high-pressure chamber and the first low-pressure chamber are located within the region corresponding to the first stroke of the flow distribution component.

[0019] The distribution component has a connecting channel on its surface. When the distribution component moves, the on / off state of the first high-pressure chamber and the first low-pressure chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the connecting channel.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the distribution housing includes:

[0021] The main housing has a first port and a second port along the axial direction, the first port being connected to the gearbox module;

[0022] Tail plate, covering the second port;

[0023] A valve cover is disposed between the tail plate and the distribution component. The valve cover and the tail plate define a second high-pressure chamber, and the valve cover and the distribution component define a first transformer chamber. The first transformer chamber is in communication with at least one of the first high-pressure chamber and the first low-pressure chamber. The valve cover and the main housing also define a second low-pressure chamber and a second transformer chamber. The first transformer chamber is in communication with the second transformer chamber.

[0024] A push rod is inserted through the valve cover and connected to the flow distribution component. A third low-pressure chamber is defined between the valve cover and the push rod.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the oil chamber further includes a third high-pressure chamber, a fourth low-pressure chamber, and a third variable-pressure chamber. A variable-pressure throttling protrusion is provided between the fourth low-pressure chamber and the third variable-pressure chamber. The variable-pressure throttling protrusion extends into a groove between two adjacent shoulder structures. The variable-pressure throttling protrusion can be separably engaged with the two shoulder structures to adjust the oil flow between the fourth low-pressure chamber and the third variable-pressure chamber.

[0026] The third transformer chamber is connected to the first transformer chamber and the second transformer chamber.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the impact distribution module further includes:

[0028] A high-voltage accumulator is located outside the distribution shell and is connected to multiple high-voltage chambers.

[0029] The low-pressure energy storage device is located outside the distribution housing and is connected to multiple low-pressure chambers and transformer chambers.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the inner wall of the distribution housing, together with the impact piston, defines a lubrication cavity, which is located in front of the plurality of oil chambers; and / or,

[0031] The inner wall of the distribution housing, together with the impact piston, defines a leak-proof cavity, which is located on the front side of the plurality of oil chambers.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the forward guidance module includes:

[0033] A guide housing is fixedly connected to the gearbox module. The guide housing defines a guide cavity that is adapted to the chisel. The side wall of the guide housing is provided with an observation hole and a flushing channel. The flushing channel is used to spray flushing water onto the crushing surface. The observation hole is used to observe the working status of the components inside the guide housing.

[0034] A dust cover is located at the front end of the guide cavity.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the gearbox module includes:

[0036] The housing is connected to the front guide module and the distribution housing, respectively;

[0037] A drive assembly is located in the housing and is connected to the drill rod via a transmission.

[0038] The mounting structure is used to connect to the boom of the trolley.

[0039] Another aspect of this application provides a rock-breaking device, including a trolley and a hydraulic impactor as described in any of the above possible implementations, the hydraulic impactor being fixed to the boom, and the trolley having a boom.

[0040] This application provides a hydraulic impactor and rock-breaking device, employing a modular design. The modules are tightly connected and easily disassembled, minimizing disassembly work during maintenance. Compared to traditional hydraulic impactors, this modular design allows for maintenance and replacement without disassembling complex components like oil pipes, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost, shortening maintenance time, and improving overall maintainability. The hydraulic impactor in this solution boasts advantages such as reasonable design, compact structure, ease of maintenance, and high working efficiency. In complex working environments, such as tunnel construction, it can withstand eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion. The modular design and easy-to-disassemble connection method ensure convenient and efficient maintenance. The modular design also allows for the interchangeability of other functional modules, enabling functional switching or performance upgrades. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic impactor of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic impactor of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the impact distribution module in Figure 1;

[0045] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the impact distribution module in Figure 1 from another perspective;

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the impact current distribution module in Figure 1;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the front guide module in Figure 1;

[0048] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the gearbox module in Figure 1;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the hydraulic impactor and rock-breaking equipment of this application.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10-Trolley; 11-Boom; 100-Chisel rod; 200-Front guide module; 210-Guide housing; 212-Observation hole; 213-Flushing channel; 220-Dust cover; 300-Gearbox module; 310-Box body; 311-Limiting hole; 320-Drive assembly; 330-Mounting structure; 400 - Impact distribution module; 410 - Distribution housing; 410a - Oil inlet channel; 410b - Oil return channel; 411 - Main housing; 412 - Tail plate; 413 - Valve cover; 414 - Push rod; 415 - First mounting position; 416 - Second mounting position; 417 - Hydraulic stop piston; 420 - Impact piston; 430 - Distribution component; 440 - Shoulder structure; 450 - High-pressure accumulator; 460 - Low-pressure accumulator; 470 - Leakage prevention chamber; 480 - Lubrication chamber; 481 - First lubrication section; 482 - Second lubrication section; 511 - First high-pressure chamber; 512 - Second high-pressure chamber; 513 - Third high-pressure chamber; 521 - First low-pressure chamber; 522 - Second low-pressure chamber; 523 - Third low-pressure chamber; 524 - Fourth low-pressure chamber; 531 - First transformer chamber; 532 - Second transformer chamber; 533 - Third transformer chamber; 600 - Transformer throttling protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] Impactors are essential construction equipment in tunneling and mining. They utilize hydraulic oil to drive an impact piston that continuously strikes the end of a drill rod, generating impact stress that is transmitted to the rock-breaking interface between the drill bit and the rock. Impactors include pneumatic impactors, electric impactors, and hydraulic impactors, and are widely used in tunnel construction for railways, water conservancy projects, subway projects, oil and gas pipelines, and other applications.

[0053] The working environment of the impactor is complex. For example, during tunnel construction, under the influence of eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion, the internal parts of the impactor often experience hydraulic oil emulsification, rock drilling component corrosion, and wear, which can easily lead to fatigue fracture of the impact components, causing impactor failure and reducing its lifespan. Therefore, it is necessary to perform regular maintenance on the vulnerable parts of the impactor.

[0054] However, traditional impactors have a complex structure and take a long time to disassemble and assemble, resulting in poor maintainability of the entire machine. Specifically, when disassembling and maintaining a traditional impactor, it is often necessary to disconnect the oil pipes before maintenance, and then disassemble and repair the drill bit, impact components, etc., which is inconvenient and time-consuming.

[0055] Furthermore, traditional impactors are often mounted on the left and right booms of a trolley. To accommodate boom mounting, traditional impactor designs often need to be customized for a specific left or right boom, and their structure, dimensions, and mounting interfaces may be incompatible with the other boom. This prevents the impactor from being interchangeable between the left and right booms of the trolley, thus limiting its flexibility and versatility.

[0056] In view of this, this application provides a hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment. The hydraulic impactor adopts a modular design, with each module tightly connected and easy to disassemble. This allows the hydraulic impactor to be maintained without excessive disassembly work. Compared with traditional hydraulic impactors, the modular design of this solution allows the whole machine to be inspected and replaced without disassembling complex parts such as oil pipes, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost, shortening maintenance time, and improving the maintainability of the whole machine.

[0057] The hydraulic impactor in this design boasts advantages such as reasonable design, compact structure, ease of maintenance, and high working efficiency. In complex working environments, such as tunnel construction, it can withstand eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion. The modular design and easy-to-disassemble connection method of the hydraulic impactor ensure convenient and efficient maintenance of the entire machine. The modular design also allows for the interchangeability of other functional modules of the impactor, enabling functional switching or performance upgrades.

[0058] Furthermore, the hydraulic impactor proposed in this application optimizes traditional impactors by employing a series system reliability design. This not only simplifies the impactor's structure but also reduces the number of parts in the guide module and impact distribution module, resulting in a redesigned and optimized internal structure and function. This optimization not only simplifies the assembly process and reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs but also improves the overall reliability of the machine and extends its service life.

[0059] Furthermore, through a precise hydraulic control system and optimized oil circuit design, this solution enables precise control of the impact piston movement, improving the equipment's operating efficiency and reliability.

[0060] The hydraulic impactor according to one embodiment of this application is described below with reference to Figures 1-8.

[0061] The hydraulic impactor in this embodiment may include a non-distribution hydraulic impactor, a forced distribution hydraulic impactor, an automatic distribution hydraulic impactor, etc.

[0062] Specifically, referring to Figures 1, 2 and 5, the hydraulic impactor may include a chisel 100, a front guide module 200, a gearbox module 300 and an impact distribution module 400.

[0063] Among them, the drill rod 100 is usually applied directly to the fracture surface to drill holes and break rocks for rock breaking operations.

[0064] The front guide module 200 is used to guide the drill rod 100 to ensure that the drill rod 100 can maintain a stable movement trajectory during operation. It provides necessary guidance and support for the drill rod 100 and ensures that the drill rod 100 will not deviate from the preset path during impact and rotation. The front guide module 200 cooperates with the drill rod 100 to reduce additional wear caused by skewness.

[0065] The gearbox module 300 is located behind and connected to the front guide module 200. The gearbox module 300 drives the drill rod 100 to rotate, thereby increasing the cutting efficiency and rock-breaking capability of the drill rod 100. Specifically, it contains transmission gears to drive the drill rod 100 to rotate. By adjusting the speed and direction of the transmission gears, the motion state of the drill rod 100 can be controlled.

[0066] The impact distribution module 400 is located at the rear of the gearbox module 300 and connected to the gearbox module 300. The impact distribution module 400 includes a distribution housing 410, an impact piston 420, and a distribution component 430. The impact distribution module 400 is the core component of the hydraulic impactor. It drives the impact piston 420 to move by adjusting the oil pressure in the oil chamber, thereby realizing the drilling and rock-breaking function of the drill rod 100.

[0067] The distribution housing 410 is provided with an oil inlet channel 410a and an oil return channel 410b. Both the oil inlet channel 410a and the oil return channel 410b are connected to an external oil supply device. The inner wall of the distribution housing 410 is provided with multiple oil chambers for storing and regulating hydraulic oil. The oil chambers are connected to the oil inlet channel 410a and the oil return channel 410b.

[0068] The impact piston 420 drives the chisel 100 to perform impact motion through hydraulic action. The motion state of the impact piston 420 is determined by the change in oil pressure in the oil chamber. Specifically, the impact piston 420 is connected to the chisel 100 to drive the chisel 100 to perform reciprocating motion. The impact distribution module 400 is configured to drive the impact piston 420 to move by adjusting the oil pressure in multiple oil chambers.

[0069] The flow distribution element 430 is located on the rear side of the impact piston 420 and is connected to the impact piston 420 in a driving manner. The flow distribution element 430 controls the movement of the impact piston 420 by adjusting the pressure state of the oil chamber. Optionally, the flow distribution element 430 can be a flow distribution valve, which may have an internal oil circuit to realize the distribution and regulation of oil flow according to working requirements.

[0070] The impact piston 420 has shoulder structures 440 on its surface, forming a hydraulic action surface. Part of the shoulder structure 440 has a first action surface axially facing the chisel 100, and part of the shoulder structure 440 has a second action surface axially facing away from the chisel 100. Both the first and second action surfaces constitute hydraulic action surfaces, located within corresponding oil chambers. These first and second action surfaces, situated within their respective oil chambers, directly participate in the pressure transmission and regulation of the hydraulic system. By adjusting the oil pressure, the impact piston 420 is driven to move, improving the working efficiency of the hydraulic impactor and enhancing its stability and reliability.

[0071] As can be seen, the hydraulic impactor adopts a modular design, with each module tightly connected and easy to disassemble. This means that the hydraulic impactor does not require much disassembly work during maintenance. Compared with traditional hydraulic impactors, the modular design of this solution allows the whole machine to be inspected and replaced without disassembling complex parts such as oil pipes during maintenance, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost, shortening maintenance time, and improving the maintainability of the whole machine.

[0072] The hydraulic impactor in this design boasts advantages such as reasonable design, compact structure, ease of maintenance, and high working efficiency. In complex working environments, such as tunnel construction, it can withstand eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion. The modular design and easy-to-disassemble connection method of the hydraulic impactor ensure convenient and efficient maintenance of the entire machine. The modular design also allows for the interchangeability of other functional modules of the impactor, enabling functional switching or performance upgrades.

[0073] Furthermore, the hydraulic impactor proposed in this application optimizes traditional impactors by employing a series system reliability design. This not only simplifies the impactor's structure but also reduces the number of parts in the front guide module 200 and the impact distribution module 400, resulting in a redesigned and optimized internal structure and function. This optimization not only simplifies the assembly process and reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs but also improves the overall reliability of the machine and extends its service life.

[0074] Furthermore, through a precise hydraulic control system and optimized oil circuit design, this solution enables precise control of the movement of the impact piston 420, improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.

[0075] Optionally, the modules, namely the front guide module 200, the gearbox module 300, and the impact distribution module 400, can be fixedly connected by bolts. Optionally, the hydraulic impactor of this application can also be fixedly connected to the boom 11 of the trolley 10 by bolts.

[0076] Optionally, seals can be installed at the connection ports between the modules, namely the front guide module 200, the gearbox module 300, and the impact distribution module 400, to ensure tight connection between the modules, prevent liquid leakage and external debris from entering the hydraulic impactor, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0077] For example, the seal can be a static seal, such as an O-ring or a flat washer, or a dynamic seal, such as an oil seal or a rotary seal. The specific choice can be made according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0078] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the impact piston 420 has a first stroke along the axial direction, and the distributor 430 has a second stroke along the axial direction, the second stroke being shorter than the first stroke.

[0079] Specifically, the axial movement distance of the impact piston 420 is called the first stroke, which determines the impact energy and impact frequency that the impact piston 420 can generate.

[0080] Furthermore, the axial movement distance of the distributor 430 is referred to as the second stroke. The second stroke of the distributor 430 can be used to adjust the oil pressure in the oil chamber, thereby controlling the movement of the impact piston 420. Specifically, by changing the position of the distributor 430, the connectivity of the oil chamber can be adjusted, thereby changing the oil pressure and flow rate.

[0081] The second stroke is shorter than the first stroke to ensure that the distributor 430 can effectively regulate oil pressure without interfering with the movement of the impact piston 420. Furthermore, the shorter second stroke simplifies the equipment structure, improves maintainability, and reduces friction and wear between the distributor 430 and the oil chamber, thus enhancing the equipment's reliability and durability.

[0082] It should be noted that the terms "high voltage", "low voltage" and "transformer" mentioned below in this application are all relative.

[0083] In other words, "high pressure" refers to a region or state with higher pressure relative to other parts of the system. This does not mean that the pressure value is the highest in all possible hydraulic systems, but rather that the pressure in this region is higher than that in other regions within the current system.

[0084] Correspondingly, "low pressure" refers to a region or state with lower pressure within a system. It is also a relative concept, meaning that within the current system, the pressure in this region is lower than in other regions. "Variation pressure" refers to the change in pressure value over time or during a specific operating phase. This change is relative to the pressure during a particular operating phase.

[0085] Therefore, the terms "high pressure", "low pressure" and "transformer" mentioned in this application are clear concepts.

[0086] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the oil chamber includes a first high-pressure chamber 511 and a first low-pressure chamber 521. The first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 are located in the region corresponding to the first stroke of the distribution member 430, and respectively perform the functions of high pressure and low pressure.

[0087] The first high-pressure chamber 511 is used to store high-pressure hydraulic oil to provide sufficient impact force to drive the impact piston 420 to move, while the first low-pressure chamber 521 is used to receive the returned low-pressure hydraulic oil to complete the circulation of the hydraulic system.

[0088] The flow distribution component 430 has a connecting channel on its surface. When the flow distribution component 430 moves, the on / off state of the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 is adjusted by changing the position of the connecting channel. The design of the connecting channel allows the flow distribution component 430 to control the hydraulic oil flow between the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 by adjusting its position. When the flow distribution component 430 moves, the position of the connecting channel changes, thereby changing the on / off state of the oil chambers.

[0089] Specifically, during the first stroke of the flow distribution component 430, the position of the connecting channel changes according to the movement of the flow distribution component 430. By changing the position of the connecting channel, the flow distribution component 430 can control the hydraulic oil pressure in the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521, thereby adjusting the movement of the impact piston 420.

[0090] For example, during the return stroke, as the distribution element 430 moves, the rear end of the distribution element 430 connects to the first low-pressure chamber 521. The connecting flow channel connects the first low-pressure chamber 521 to the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 (i.e., the first high-pressure chamber 511), realizing the transformation of the first high-pressure chamber 511 from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state. This allows the impact piston 420 to return under the action of high pressure and the rebound of the impact stress wave at the rod tip. During the stroke, the distribution element 430 moves accordingly, and the position of the connecting flow channel moves accordingly. The distribution element 430 disconnects the first low-pressure chamber 521, connecting the first high-pressure chamber 511 to the rear chamber of the impact piston 420, i.e., switching to a high-pressure state, thus achieving braking and acceleration.

[0091] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5, the distribution housing 410 includes a main housing 411, a tail plate 412, a valve cover 413 and a push rod 414.

[0092] The main housing 411 is the main structural part of the distribution housing 410. The main housing 411 has a first port and a second port along the axial direction. The first port is connected to the gearbox module 300 for transmitting power or receiving input from the gearbox module 300. The tail plate 412 covers the second port to enclose and protect the internal components.

[0093] The valve cover 413 is located between the tail plate 412 and the flow distribution component 430. The valve cover 413 and the tail plate 412 define a second high-pressure chamber 512. The second high-pressure chamber 512 is connected to other high-pressure oil circuits in the hydraulic system to provide high-pressure hydraulic oil for components such as the impact piston 420. The valve cover 413 and the flow distribution component 430 define a first pressure-changing chamber 531. The first pressure-changing chamber 531 is connected to at least one of the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 to regulate the pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic oil.

[0094] The valve cover 413 also defines a second low-pressure chamber 522 and a second pressure-changing chamber 532 between itself and the main housing 411. The second low-pressure chamber 522 plays a role in backflow, pressure changing, and buffering in the hydraulic circuit. The second low-pressure chamber 522 lubricates the valve cover 413 and prevents the valve cover 413 from jamming and becoming ineffective. The first pressure-changing chamber 531 is connected to the second pressure-changing chamber 532. Thus, when the first pressure-changing chamber 531 becomes a high-pressure chamber or a low-pressure chamber, the second pressure-changing chamber 532 correspondingly becomes a high-pressure chamber or a low-pressure chamber, thereby achieving the regulation of hydraulic oil.

[0095] Push rod 414 passes through valve cover 413 and is connected to flow distribution component 430. A third low-pressure chamber 523 is defined between valve cover 413 and push rod 414. The third low-pressure chamber 523 receives the returning low-pressure hydraulic oil, which lubricates push rod 414 and prevents valve cover 413 and push rod 414 from jamming and losing function. Optionally, second low-pressure chamber 522 is connected to third low-pressure chamber 523.

[0096] The distribution housing 410 controls the flow and pressure of hydraulic oil through its internally integrated multiple oil chambers and connecting channels, as well as the movement of the distribution component 430. When the distribution component 430 moves, the position of the connecting channels opened on it changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the connection state between different oil chambers. This allows the hydraulic impactor to adjust the oil pressure and flow according to the working requirements, thereby controlling the movement of the impact piston 420.

[0097] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the oil chamber further includes a third high-pressure chamber 513, a fourth low-pressure chamber 524, and a third pressure-changing chamber 533. The third high-pressure chamber 513, the fourth low-pressure chamber 524, and the third pressure-changing chamber 533 are arranged sequentially from front to back along the axial direction of the impact piston 420. An oil passage is provided inside the impact piston 420. When the impact piston 420 moves forward to a preset position, the first high-pressure chamber 511 communicates with the third pressure-changing chamber 533. This design allows hydraulic oil to flow between the oil chambers during different movement stages of the impact piston 420, thereby adjusting the pressure state of each chamber and achieving smooth movement and effective impact of the impact piston 420.

[0098] A pressure-changing throttling protrusion 600 is provided between the fourth low-pressure chamber 524 and the third pressure-changing chamber 533. The pressure-changing throttling protrusion 600 extends into the groove between two adjacent shoulder structures 440. The pressure-changing throttling protrusion 600 and the two shoulder structures 440 can be separably engaged. This design allows the pressure-changing throttling protrusion 600 to adjust the oil flow rate of the fourth low-pressure chamber 524 and the third pressure-changing chamber 533 during the movement of the impact piston 420. The design of the pressure-changing throttling protrusion 600 enables the slow oil discharge of the third pressure-changing chamber 533 during the return stroke of the impact piston 420, thereby achieving deceleration and braking of the impact piston 420, avoiding the distribution mechanism from directly bearing a large impact force, ensuring the reliability of the impact distribution components, and thus improving the operational stability of the hydraulic impactor.

[0099] In addition, after the impact piston 420 has traveled a certain distance, the third pressure chamber 533 is connected to the first pressure chamber 531 and the second pressure chamber 532, so that the hydraulic pressure in the first pressure chamber 531, the second pressure chamber 532 and the third pressure chamber 533 is consistent. The connectivity between the three ensures that the hydraulic oil can flow flexibly throughout the hydraulic impactor system. According to the motion state of the impact piston 420 and the control of the flow distribution mechanism, the pressure adjustment and energy transfer between the chambers are realized.

[0100] During the operation of the hydraulic impactor, the distribution mechanism precisely controls the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil in each chamber. When the impact piston 420 moves forward to the preset position, the oil passage connects the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the third pressure-changing chamber 533, making the third pressure-changing chamber 533 a high-pressure chamber. The third pressure-changing chamber 533 is connected to the first pressure-changing chamber 531 through an internal channel. When the first high-pressure chamber 511 is connected to the third pressure-changing chamber 533, the distribution component 430 accelerates forward to the preset position under the action of the high pressure on the right side, connecting the rear end of the distribution component 430 with the first low-pressure chamber 521, the first pressure-changing chamber 531, and the chamber at the rear end of the impact piston 420, making the rear end of the impact piston 420 a low-pressure chamber. Thus, the front end of the impact piston 420 is in the high-pressure state of the third high-pressure chamber 513, and the rear end is in the low-pressure state. After impacting the chisel 100, the impact piston 420 reverses direction and accelerates its return stroke under the high pressure of the impact distribution module 400 and the low pressure of the rear end.

[0101] As can be seen, the movement process of the impact piston 420 includes the return phase, the phase from the end of the return phase to the start of the stroke, the stroke phase, and the phase from the end of the stroke to the return preparation phase. The flow distribution principle is as follows.

[0102] During the return phase: the distribution component 430 moves to a position connected to the first low-pressure chamber 521, causing the chamber at the rear end of the impact piston 420 to become low-pressure, thus depressurizing the chamber at the rear end of the impact piston 420. At this time, the front end of the impact piston 420 is in a high-pressure state of the third high-pressure chamber 513, and the rear end is in a low-pressure state. After impacting the chisel 100, the impact piston 420 reverses direction and accelerates its return under the conditions of high pressure in the impact distribution module 400 and low pressure at the rear end.

[0103] The pressure-reducing throttling protrusion 600 between the fourth low-pressure chamber 524 and the third pressure-reducing chamber 533 enables the slow oil discharge of the third pressure-reducing chamber 533 during the return stroke of the impact piston 420, thereby decelerating and braking the impact piston 420 and protecting the internal parts.

[0104] During the period from the end of the return stroke to the beginning of the stroke: the impact piston 420 strikes the distributor 430, the distributor 430 moves and closes the connection between the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 and the first low-pressure chamber 521, the distributor 430 moves and drives the push rod 414 to strike the valve cover 413, the high pressure of the second high-pressure chamber 512, the first variable pressure chamber 531 and the second variable pressure chamber 532 buffer and brake the impact piston 420, the distributor 430, the push rod 414 and the valve cover 413 as a whole.

[0105] When the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 is connected to the first high-pressure chamber 511, the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 instantly switches to high pressure, providing thrust for the stroke motion of the impact piston 420.

[0106] During the stroke phase: High-pressure hydraulic oil in the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 propels the impact piston 420 forward. When the impact piston 420 reaches the preset position, the first high-pressure chamber 511 is connected to the third transformer chamber 533. The third transformer chamber 533 is always connected to the second transformer chamber 532 and the first transformer chamber 531 through internal oil passages. At this time, the distributor 430 accelerates forward under the action of high-pressure oil in the rear first transformer chamber 531, preparing for the connection between the first low-pressure chamber 521 and the first transformer chamber 531.

[0107] The distributor 430 moves forward under the action of high-pressure oil until the connecting channel on the distributor 430 reconnects the first low-pressure chamber 521 and the rear chamber of the impact piston 420, in preparation for the next return motion.

[0108] During the stroke end and return preparation stage: when the distributor 430 continues to move to the connecting channel to connect the first low-pressure chamber 521 and the rear chamber of the impact piston 420, the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 is connected to the external low-pressure return oil circuit again to achieve pressure relief; at the same time, the impact piston 420 strikes the chisel 100 and rebounds, and the impact piston 420 begins to return under the high pressure of the third high-pressure chamber 513 and the third transformer chamber 533, entering the next working cycle.

[0109] In summary, the flow distribution principle of the hydraulic impactor achieves efficient and stable movement of the impact piston 420 by controlling the hydraulic oil pressure and flow path in each chamber. During the return and stroke processes, the pressure state and connection state of each chamber are constantly switched to meet the movement requirements of the impact piston 420.

[0110] It should be noted that the layout of various oil passages inside the hydraulic impactor in this solution is a functional layout, and the oil passage layout form or number of channels that can realize the function of this application are all within the protection scope of this application.

[0111] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1, 3, and 4, the impact distribution module 400 also includes a high-pressure accumulator 450 and a low-pressure accumulator 460. The high-pressure accumulator 450 and the low-pressure accumulator 460 are energy storage devices in the hydraulic system, which have functions such as storing energy, stabilizing pressure, compensating for leakage, and absorbing shocks and pulsations.

[0112] The high-voltage accumulator 450 is located outside the distribution housing 410 and is connected to multiple high-voltage chambers, such as the first high-voltage chamber 511, the second high-voltage chamber 512, and the third high-voltage chamber 513. The high-voltage accumulator 450 can quickly replenish hydraulic oil when the impact piston 420 requires high-pressure thrust, improving the system's response speed and energy transfer efficiency.

[0113] The low-pressure accumulator 460 is located outside the distribution housing 410. The low-pressure accumulator 460 is connected to multiple low-pressure chambers and a transformer chamber, such as the first low-pressure chamber 521, the second low-pressure chamber 522, the third low-pressure chamber 523, and the fourth low-pressure chamber 524. When the impact piston 420 returns or when pressure relief is required, the low-pressure accumulator 460 can absorb excess hydraulic oil, maintain the system pressure stability, and reduce energy loss.

[0114] Specifically, the distribution housing 410 is provided with a first mounting position 415 for assembling the high-voltage accumulator 450 and a second mounting position 416 for assembling the low-voltage accumulator 460.

[0115] Optionally, the first mounting position 415 and the second mounting position 416 are respectively located on different sides of the distribution housing 410. In this way, the layout of the entire hydraulic impactor can be optimized according to the usage requirements, making it more compact and reasonable. In addition, installing the high-pressure accumulator 450 and the low-pressure accumulator 460 on different sides of the distribution housing 410 can also facilitate system maintenance and upkeep. When it is necessary to replace or repair the accumulator, it can be easily disassembled and installed. For example, the accumulator nitrogen charging and accumulator diaphragm replacement operations can be carried out without disassembling the entire machine, which improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0116] Optionally, both the high-voltage accumulator 450 and the low-voltage accumulator 460 can be detachably mounted on the distribution housing 410. For example, the high-voltage accumulator 450 and the low-voltage accumulator 460 can be connected to the distribution housing 410 by bolts or by pipe joints, etc., and the specific method can be selected according to actual needs, without limitation.

[0117] Optionally, a seal may be provided on the first mounting position 415 and the second mounting position 416 respectively. The seal is used to fill the gap between the mounting position and the accumulator to ensure the installation stability of the accumulator.

[0118] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the inner wall of the distribution housing 410, together with the impact piston 420, defines a lubrication chamber 480, which is located in front of the plurality of oil chambers (such as the high-pressure chamber, low-pressure chamber, and transformer chamber). It should be noted that "front" or "rear" refers to the direction of movement of the impact piston 420; the acceleration direction of the impact piston 420 is the front side, and the braking direction of the impact piston 420 is the rear side.

[0119] The lubrication chamber 480 is filled with lubricating oil, which reduces friction and wear between the impact piston 420 and the distribution housing 410, and improves the operating efficiency and stability of the system.

[0120] Optionally, the lubrication chamber 480 can be connected to a lubricating oil gas with a preset flow rate, and the lubricating oil gas circuit can be connected to the outside of the hydraulic impactor and discharged at a preset flow rate.

[0121] Optionally, the distribution housing 410 may also include a hydraulic stop piston 417, which can absorb the rebound energy of the drill rod 100 and protect the internal parts of the impactor by controlling the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil. It can also provide thrust to ensure that the drill shank anti-reverse sleeve is always in contact with the drill rod 100, or to slow down the movement speed of the impact piston 420. The lubrication chamber 480 may include a first lubrication section 481 and a second lubrication section 482 that are interconnected. The first lubrication section 481 has a preset length along the axial direction and is located between the hydraulic stop piston 417 and the impact piston 420. The second lubrication section 482 is located at the rear end of the hydraulic stop piston 417 along the axial direction.

[0122] Thus, the first lubrication part 481 can ensure that the hydraulic stop piston 417 and the impact piston 420 are lubricated when they move relative to each other, so as to reduce friction and wear. The second lubrication part 482 can provide lubrication for the impact piston 420 and can also provide lubrication for the rear end of the hydraulic stop piston 417, so as to further reduce friction and wear and improve overall operational stability.

[0123] In some embodiments, referring to FIG5, the inner wall of the distribution housing 410 and the impact piston 420 together define a leak-proof cavity 470. The leak-proof cavity 470 is located on the front side of the plurality of oil chambers and on the rear side of the lubrication chamber 480, that is, the leak-proof cavity 470 is in the transition area between the lubrication chamber 480 and the oil chamber.

[0124] The anti-leakage chamber 470 is mainly used to prevent high-pressure hydraulic oil from leaking into the lubrication chamber 480 from the gap between the impact piston 420 and the distribution housing 410 during the movement of the impact piston 420. This ensures the sealing of the hydraulic oil, prevents the loss of hydraulic oil, and maintains the pressure stability of the system.

[0125] Optionally, the anti-leakage chamber 470 is provided with one or more seals on both sides along the axial direction. The seal on the side closer to the lubrication chamber 480 is used to further improve the sealing performance of the hydraulic oil, and the seal on the side closer to the oil chamber is used to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil.

[0126] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 6, the front guide module 200 includes a guide housing 210 and a dust cover 220.

[0127] The guide housing 210 is fixedly connected to the gearbox module 300. Optionally, the guide housing 210 and the gearbox module 300 are detachably connected. The guide housing 210 defines a guide cavity that is adapted to the drill rod 100. The guide cavity allows the drill rod 100 to make smooth reciprocating motion during the excavation process, while maintaining a preset motion trajectory.

[0128] The side wall of the guide housing 210 is provided with an observation hole 212 and a flushing channel 213. The flushing channel 213 is used to spray flushing water onto the crushing surface, and the observation hole 212 is used to observe the working status of the components inside the guide housing 210.

[0129] The flushing channel 213 improves rock-breaking efficiency and keeps the bottom of the borehole clean. The flushing force can spray flushing water onto the bottom of the borehole to help remove obstacles such as mud and rocks, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of drilling operations. Specifically, the flushing channel 213 is also equipped with an inlet located on the shell. A water pipe is connected to the flushing channel 213 through the inlet to flush away rock debris and cuttings generated during the rock-breaking process.

[0130] Optionally, a seal is provided at the port (such as inlet or outlet) of the flushing channel 213 to seal the flushing channel 213. When the seal fails or the flushing channel 213 is damaged, flushing water will flow into the guide housing 210 and flow out through the observation hole 212. Therefore, the observation hole 212 can be used to observe whether the flushing channel 213 is leaking and to carry out timely maintenance.

[0131] In addition, the observation hole 212 is also suitable for monitoring the working status of components inside the guide housing 210, such as the wear of the drill rod 100 and whether foreign objects have entered, providing operators with an intuitive monitoring window to facilitate timely detection and resolution of problems.

[0132] Optionally, in conjunction with Figures 5 and 6, the lubricating oil-gas passage connected to the lubrication chamber 480 can be connected to the outside of the hydraulic impactor through the observation hole 212, so as to discharge the lubricating oil-gas at a preset flow rate.

[0133] Referring to Figures 1 and 6, the dust cover 220 is located at the front end of the guide cavity, that is, the part where the drill rod 100 directly contacts the excavation face. The dust cover 220 is used to prevent dust and debris generated during the excavation process from entering the guide cavity, thereby protecting the internal components of the front guide module 200 from wear and damage. In addition, the dust cover 220 can also reduce noise and vibration to a certain extent, improving the overall performance and service life of the equipment.

[0134] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 7, the gearbox module 300 is responsible for transmitting power, changing the rotational speed and torque, and driving the drill rod 100 to perform drilling operations. Specifically, the gearbox module 300 includes a housing 310, a drive assembly 320, and a mounting structure 330.

[0135] The housing 310 is connected to both the front guide module 200 and the distribution housing 410, thus ensuring the modular integration of the gearbox module 300 with the entire rock-breaking system. This allows for smooth power transmission to the drill bit 100 while maintaining the system's stability and reliability. Optionally, the housing 310 can house gears, bearings, oil seals, and other components to provide lubrication and cooling systems.

[0136] The drive assembly 320 is located in the housing 310 and is connected to the drill rod 100 for transmission. The drive assembly 320 is responsible for providing the required rotational motion of the drill rod 100, thereby providing rotational power to the impactor.

[0137] Optionally, the drive assembly 320 may include transmission components such as gears, shafts, and bearings, as well as a power source such as a hydraulic motor or an electric motor. The components work together to achieve rotary impact rock breaking operations. Optionally, the power source such as the hydraulic motor can be bolted to the housing 310.

[0138] The mounting structure 330 is used to connect with the boom 11 of the trolley 10, serving as a connecting bridge between the gearbox module 300 and the boom 11 of the trolley 10. This ensures a stable connection between the gearbox module 300 and the boom 11 of the trolley 10, preventing shaking or detachment during excavation. Optionally, the mounting structure 330 may include a limiting hole 311 and bolts for connecting the housing 310 and the boom 11.

[0139] In this way, the gearbox module 300, through the coordinated action of the housing 310, drive assembly 320 and mounting structure 330, realizes the transmission of power, the change of speed and torque, and the drive of the drill rod 100, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the drilling and excavation operation of the rock breaking equipment, and also improving the reliability and durability of the equipment.

[0140] Optionally, symmetrical limiting holes 311 are provided on the two symmetrical side walls of the housing 310 for connecting the boom 11, so as to connect the hydraulic impactor to the boom 11 of the trolley 10 through the gearbox module 300. Compared with the traditional impactor which is customized for the left and right booms 11, the symmetrically set limiting holes 311 of this application realize the interchangeability of the hydraulic impactor on the left and right booms 11 of the trolley 10, and realize the hydraulic impactor to be rotated 180° for installation. In actual use, the installation method of the gearbox housing and the impact distribution housing 410 can be adjusted according to the boom 11 on which the impactor is installed, so as to meet the installation adaptability and interchangeability of the hydraulic impactor on the left and right booms 11 of the trolley 10.

[0141] Furthermore, the hydraulic impactor provided in this application allows for easy and highly maintainable maintenance by removing the internal components sequentially after disassembling the front guide module 200, tail plate 412, and gearbox module 300.

[0142] On the other hand, in conjunction with Figures 1, 2 and 8, this application also provides a rock-breaking device, which can be a rock-breaking device for mining, a rock-breaking device for tunnels, a rock-breaking device for underground engineering, etc.

[0143] The rock-breaking equipment may include a trolley 10 and a hydraulic impactor as described in any of the above embodiments. The trolley 10 in the rock-breaking equipment serves as a moving and supporting platform to transport the hydraulic impactor to a designated working position and maintain its stability during operation. The trolley 10 has a boom 11, to which the hydraulic impactor is fixed.

[0144] Optionally, the rock-breaking equipment can be equipped with different chisels 100 and tools to adapt to excavation objects of different materials and hardness. Optionally, the rock-breaking equipment can also be integrated with an intelligent control system to achieve remote monitoring and automated operation. Optionally, the rock-breaking equipment can also be equipped with auxiliary equipment such as flushing systems and dust removal systems to improve the cleanliness and safety of the working environment.

[0145] The rock-breaking equipment provided in this application integrates the trolley 10 and the advanced hydraulic impactor in any of the above embodiments, forming a highly efficient and reliable rock-breaking system. By setting the hydraulic impactor in the above embodiments, the optimized distribution housing 410, the front guide module 200 and the gearbox module 300 are integrated into the design, which not only improves the rock-breaking efficiency, but also enhances the reliability and durability of the rock-breaking equipment.

[0146] It should be noted that the embodiments referred to in the specification, such as "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments," may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0147] Generally speaking, terms should be understood at least in part by their use in context. For example, at least in part by context, the term "one or more" as used in the text can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic of the singular meaning, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics of the plural meaning. Similarly, at least in part by context, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage.

[0148] It should be readily understood that the terms “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on top of something” but also “on top of something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0149] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0150] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0151] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic impactor, characterized in that, include: A drill rod (100) is used to drill holes in the fractured surface to break the rock. A front guide module (200) through which the drill rod (100) passes, the front guide module (200) being used to guide the drill rod (100); A gearbox module (300) is located on the rear side of the front guide module (200) and connected to the front guide module (200). The gearbox module (300) is used to drive the chisel (100) to rotate. An impact distribution module (400) is disposed on the rear side of the gearbox module (300) and connected to the gearbox module (300). The impact distribution module (400) includes: The distribution housing (410) is provided with an oil inlet channel (410a) and an oil return channel (410b). Both the oil inlet channel (410a) and the oil return channel (410b) are connected to an external oil supply device. The inner wall of the distribution housing (410) is provided with a plurality of oil chambers, which are connected to the oil inlet channel (410a) and the oil return channel (410b). An impact piston (420) is connected to the drill rod (100) to drive the drill rod (100) to move. The impact distribution module (400) is configured to drive the impact piston (420) to move by adjusting the oil pressure in the plurality of oil chambers. A flow distribution component (430) is disposed on the rear side of the impact piston (420) and is connected to the impact piston (420) in a transmission manner to adjust the pressure state of the plurality of oil chambers; The impact piston (420) has a shoulder structure (440) on its surface. Part of the shoulder structure (440) has a first working surface facing the drill rod (100) along the axial direction, and part of the shoulder structure (440) has a second working surface facing away from the drill rod (100) along the axial direction. The first working surface and the second working surface both constitute a hydraulic working surface, and the hydraulic working surface is located in the corresponding oil cavity.

2. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact piston (420) has a first stroke along the axial direction, and the distributor (430) has a second stroke along the axial direction, the second stroke being less than the first stroke.

3. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil chamber includes: a first high-pressure chamber (511) and a first low-pressure chamber (521). The first high-pressure chamber (511) and the first low-pressure chamber (521) are located within the region corresponding to the first stroke of the distribution element (430). The distribution component (430) has a connecting channel on its surface. When the distribution component (430) moves, the on / off state of the first high-pressure chamber (511) and the first low-pressure chamber (521) can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the connecting channel.

4. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distribution housing (410) includes: The main housing (411) has a first port and a second port along the axial direction, the first port being connected to the gearbox module (300); Tail plate (412), covering the second port; A valve cover (413) is disposed between the tail plate (412) and the distribution component (430). The valve cover (413) and the tail plate (412) define a second high-pressure chamber (512). The valve cover (413) and the distribution component (430) define a first transformer chamber (531). The first transformer chamber (531) is connected to at least one of the first high-pressure chamber (511) and the first low-pressure chamber (521). The valve cover (413) and the main housing (411) also define a second low-pressure chamber (522) and a second transformer chamber (532). The first transformer chamber (531) and the second transformer chamber (532) are connected. A push rod (414) is inserted through the valve cover (413), the push rod (414) is connected to the flow distribution member (430), and a third low-pressure chamber (523) is defined between the valve cover (413) and the push rod (414).

5. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil chamber further includes a third high-pressure chamber (513), a fourth low-pressure chamber (524), and a third variable-pressure chamber (533). A variable-pressure throttling protrusion (600) is provided between the fourth low-pressure chamber (524) and the third variable-pressure chamber (533). The variable-pressure throttling protrusion (600) extends into the groove between two adjacent shoulder structures (440). The variable-pressure throttling protrusion (600) is detachably engaged with the two shoulder structures (440) to adjust the oil flow between the fourth low-pressure chamber (524) and the third variable-pressure chamber (533). The third transformer chamber (533) is connected to the first transformer chamber (531) and the second transformer chamber (532).

6. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The impact distribution module (400) also includes: A high-voltage accumulator (450) is located on the outside of the distribution housing (410) and is connected to multiple high-voltage chambers respectively; A low-pressure accumulator (460) is located outside the distribution housing (410) and is connected to multiple low-pressure chambers and transformer chambers respectively.

7. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the distribution housing (410) and the impact piston (420) together define a lubrication cavity (480), which is located in front of the plurality of oil chambers; and / or, The inner wall of the distribution housing (410) and the impact piston (420) together define a leak-proof cavity (470), which is located on the front side of the plurality of oil chambers.

8. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forward guide module (200) includes: A guide housing (210) is fixedly connected to the gearbox module (300). The guide housing (210) defines a guide cavity adapted to the chisel (100). The side wall of the guide housing (210) is provided with an observation hole (212) and a flushing channel (213). The flushing channel (213) is used to spray flushing water onto the crushing surface. The observation hole (212) is used to observe the working status of the components inside the guide housing (210). A dust cover (220) is provided at the front end of the guide cavity.

9. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox module (300) includes: The housing (310) is connected to the front guide module (200) and the distribution housing (410) respectively; A drive assembly (320) is disposed in the housing (310) and is connected to the drill rod (100) in a transmission manner; Mounting structure (330) for connection to boom (11) of trolley (10).

10. A rock-breaking device, characterized in that, include: The trolley (10) has a boom (11); The hydraulic impactor according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the hydraulic impactor is fixed to the boom (11).

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