Power distribution apparatus, battery apparatus, and electric apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a power distribution apparatus (400), a battery apparatus (100), and an electric apparatus. The power distribution apparatus (400) comprises a main positive module (410), wherein the main positive module comprises a first housing (411), a first main relay (412), a fuse (413), and a first current sensor (414); in a length direction (L) of the first housing (411), the first current sensor (414), the fuse (413), and the first main relay (412) are sequentially arranged within the first housing (411). According to the power distribution apparatus (400) provided in the embodiments of the present application, applying a main positive module (410) to a battery apparatus (100) allows for a length direction (L) of a first housing (411) to be oriented perpendicular to a direction in which battery cells (20) within the battery apparatus (100) are arranged, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the power distribution apparatus (400) on the arrangement of the battery cells (20).

Description

Power distribution equipment, battery equipment and power consumption equipment Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a power distribution device, a battery device, and a power consumption device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, more and more electrical devices are using battery devices as their power source. A battery device includes a housing, battery cells housed within the housing, and a power distribution device; the power distribution device is responsible for managing the charging and discharging of the battery cells.

[0003] However, when power distribution equipment is used in battery devices, the size of the power distribution equipment has a significant impact on the internal space utilization of the battery device. When the power distribution equipment is large, it will affect the arrangement of the battery cells inside the battery device, which will lead to a decrease in the energy density of the battery device.

[0004] Application content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a power distribution device, a battery device, and a power consumption device, aiming to solve the problem in the related art where the large size of the power distribution device affects the energy density of the battery device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power distribution device, including a main positive module. The main positive module includes a first housing, a first main relay, a fuse, and a first current sensor. Along the length of the first housing, the first current sensor, the fuse, and the first main relay are arranged sequentially inside the first housing. The first current sensor is electrically connected to one end of the fuse, and the first main relay is electrically connected to the other end of the fuse.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: The power distribution device provided in the embodiments of this application includes a main positive module. In the main positive module, a first main relay, a fuse, and a first current sensor are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the first housing and disposed within the first housing. The first current sensor, the fuse, and the first main relay are connected sequentially, so that the size expansion of the main positive module is mainly concentrated in the length direction of the first housing, and the size of the first housing in other directions is smaller. The size of the main positive module and the power distribution device in other directions of the first housing, except for the length direction, is also smaller. Therefore, when the main positive module of the power distribution device is applied to a battery device, the length direction of the first housing can be arranged perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells inside the battery device, thereby effectively reducing the influence of the power distribution device on the arrangement of the battery cells, and thus reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device.

[0009] In some embodiments, the main positive module further includes a precharge relay and a precharge resistor. In the length direction of the first housing, the precharge relay and the precharge resistor are arranged on the side of the fuse facing away from the first main relay, or the precharge relay and the precharge resistor are arranged on the side of the first main relay facing away from the fuse.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistor are arranged along the length of the first housing on the side of the fuse facing away from the first main relay, or along the length of the first housing on the side of the first main relay facing away from the fuse. This ensures that the pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistor are still arranged along the length of the first housing, thereby reducing the impact of the pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistor arrangement on the dimensions of the main positive module in other directions. This reduces the impact of the power distribution device on the arrangement of battery cells, and further reduces the impact on the energy density of the battery device.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the length direction of the first housing, the precharge relay and the precharge resistor are arranged on the side of the fuse facing away from the first main relay, and the precharge relay is arranged between the first current sensor and the fuse; in the width direction of the first housing, the precharge relay and the first current sensor are arranged on the same side of the precharge resistor; wherein, the length direction of the first housing is perpendicular to the width direction of the first housing.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the precharge relay and precharge resistor are arranged on the side of the fuse facing away from the first main relay. The precharge relay and precharge resistor can be compactly arranged with the first current sensor, thereby reducing the size of the power distribution device along the length of the first housing, and thus reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device in the internal space of the battery device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the main positive module further includes a main positive electrical connector, which includes a first main positive connection portion, a second main positive connection portion, a third main positive connection portion, a fourth main positive connection portion, and a fifth main positive connection portion; the first main positive connection portion is disposed on the first housing; a first current sensor is disposed on the second main positive connection portion, one end of the second main positive connection portion is connected to the first main positive connection portion, and the other end of the second main positive connection portion is connected to the third main positive connection portion; the third main positive connection portion is connected to the first end of a fuse, and the fourth main positive connection portion is connected to the second end of the fuse; the fourth main positive connection portion is also electrically connected to the first end of a first main relay; and the fifth main positive connection portion is connected to the second end of the first main relay.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the first current sensor, the fuse, and the first main relay are connected in series in sequence using the first main positive connection part, the second main positive connection part, the third main positive connection part, the fourth main positive connection part, and the fifth main positive connection part, and external structures are connected through the first main positive connection part and the fifth main positive connection part respectively to realize power distribution operation.

[0015] In some embodiments, the main positive module further includes a second main relay, which is arranged on the side of the first main relay opposite to the fuse in the length direction of the first housing; the second terminal of the first main relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay; or, the second terminal of the fuse is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the second main relay can be arranged along the length of the first housing on the side of the first main relay opposite to the fuse. That is, the arrangement of the second main relay mainly increases the size of the power distribution device along the length of the first housing, while having a lower impact on the size of the power distribution device in other directions. This can reduce the impact of the power distribution device on the arrangement of battery cells, and thus reduce the impact on the energy density of the battery device.

[0017] In some embodiments, the main positive connection further includes a sixth main positive connection portion, wherein the fifth main positive connection portion is connected to the first terminal of the second main relay, and the sixth main positive connection portion is connected to the second terminal of the second main relay.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the fifth main positive connection part can be used to connect the electrical device to realize the discharge control through the first main relay; at the same time, the sixth main positive connection part can be used to connect the charging device to realize the charging control through the first main relay and the second main relay.

[0019] In some embodiments, the main positive electrical connector further includes a seventh main positive connection portion and an eighth main positive connection portion. The seventh main positive connection portion is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay and is also connected to the fourth main positive connection portion. The eighth main positive connection portion is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second main relay.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the first main relay and the second main relay can be used in parallel.

[0021] In some embodiments, a first mounting portion is provided on the first housing, and the first mounting portion is located between the first main relay and the second main relay in the length direction of the first housing; the fourth main positive connection portion and the seventh main positive connection portion are connected to the first mounting portion.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fourth main positive connection part is also connected to the first end of the second main relay through the seventh main positive connection part, the distance between the second main relay and the fuse is relatively long, so the wiring distance of the fourth main positive connection part and the seventh main positive connection part is relatively long. By connecting the fourth main positive connection part and the seventh main positive connection part together to the first mounting part of the first housing, the connection strength and stability of the fourth main positive connection part and the seventh main positive connection part are improved, and the probability of bending and deformation of the fourth main positive connection part and the seventh main positive connection part is reduced.

[0023] In some embodiments, the power distribution device further includes a main negative module, which includes a second housing and a third main relay, the third main relay being disposed on the second housing.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the third main relay is installed on the second housing, and the power distribution operation is realized by using the third main relay.

[0025] In some embodiments, the main negative module further includes a fourth main relay, which is disposed on either side of the third main relay along the length of the second housing.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the third and fourth main relays can be arranged along the length of the second housing to reduce the dimensional influence of the third and fourth main relays on the power distribution device in other directions, thereby reducing the influence of the power distribution device on the arrangement of battery cells and thus reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device.

[0027] In some embodiments, the main negative module further includes a second current sensor, which is disposed on either side of the third main relay along the length of the second housing.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the second current sensor can acquire the current information flowing through the third main relay to monitor the operating status of the main negative module, which facilitates timely intervention when the main negative module is malfunctioning, thereby improving the reliability of the main negative module. At the same time, the second current sensor is arranged along the length of the second housing to reduce the impact of the arrangement of the second current sensor on the size of the power distribution device in other directions, thereby reducing the impact of the power distribution device on the arrangement of battery cells, and thus reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device.

[0029] In some embodiments, the main negative module further includes a main negative electrical connector, which includes a first main negative connection portion, a second main negative connection portion, a third main negative connection portion, and a fourth main negative connection portion; the first main negative connection portion is disposed on the second housing; the second main negative connection portion is connected to the first main negative connection portion and is also connected to the first end of the second current sensor; the third main negative connection portion is connected to the second end of the second current sensor and is also connected to the first end of the third main relay; the fourth main negative connection portion is connected to the second end of the third main relay.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the second current sensor and the third main relay are connected in series in sequence using the first main negative connection part, the second main negative connection part, the third main negative connection part and the fourth main negative connection part, and the external structure is connected through the first main negative connection part and the fourth main negative connection part respectively to realize power distribution operation.

[0031] In some embodiments, the main negative electrical connector further includes a fifth main negative connection portion, wherein the fourth main negative connection portion is connected to the first terminal of the fourth main relay, and the fifth main negative connection portion is connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the third main relay and the fourth main relay can be used in series.

[0033] In some embodiments, the main negative electrical connector further includes a sixth main negative connection portion and a seventh main negative connection portion; the sixth main negative connection portion is connected to the first terminal of the fourth main relay, and the sixth main negative connection portion is also connected to the third main negative connection portion; the seventh main negative connection portion is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the third main relay and the fourth main relay can be used in parallel.

[0035] In some embodiments, a second mounting portion is provided on the second housing, and the second mounting portion is located between the third main relay and the fourth main relay in the length direction of the second housing; the third main negative connection portion and the sixth main negative connection portion are connected to the second mounting portion.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, when the third main negative relay and the fourth main negative relay are connected in parallel, the first terminal of the fourth main negative relay and the third main negative connection part need to be electrically connected through the sixth main negative connection part. Since the connection path between the third main negative connection part and the sixth main negative connection part is relatively long, by connecting the third main negative connection part and the sixth main negative connection part together to the second mounting part of the second housing, the connection strength and stability of the third main negative connection part and the sixth main negative connection part are improved, and the probability of bending and deformation of the third main negative connection part and the sixth main negative connection part is reduced.

[0037] In some embodiments, the power distribution device further includes a first housing and a second housing, with the main positive module disposed in the first housing and the main negative module disposed in the second housing.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the main positive module is placed in the first box and the main negative module is placed in the second box. The first and second boxes can be installed independently, thus breaking down the original large installation space into two smaller installation spaces. This reduces the impact on the installation of other components, reduces space redundancy, and improves space utilization. In addition, during installation, the main positive module and the main negative module of the power distribution device are two independent modules, which allows the main positive module and the main negative module to be flexibly installed in the battery device, which also helps to reduce the difficulty of internal layout of the battery device.

[0039] In some embodiments, the power distribution device further includes a first housing, in which the main positive module and the main negative module are both disposed; the first housing and the second housing are an integral structure, with the length direction of the first housing parallel to the length direction of the second housing.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, both the main positive module and the main negative module are placed in the first box to improve the compactness of the main positive module and the main negative module, thereby further reducing the overall size of the power distribution device and reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device inside the battery device.

[0041] In some embodiments, a main positive electrical connector is provided on the first housing, the main positive electrical connector having a first connection end electrically connected to a first main relay, the first connection end being used to connect to the positive terminal of the electrical device or the positive terminal of the charging device; a main negative electrical connector is provided on the second housing, the main negative electrical connector having a second connection end electrically connected to a third main relay, the second connection end being used to connect to the negative terminal of the electrical device or the negative terminal of the charging device; a gap E is provided between the first connection end and the second connection end along the length direction of the first housing; when the voltage of both the first connection end and the second connection end is less than or equal to 660V, 5mm≤E≤7mm; when the voltage of at least one of the first connection end and the second connection end is greater than 660V, 8mm≤E≤12mm; an insulating separator is also provided between the first housing and the second housing, the insulating separator being disposed in the gap between the first connection end and the second connection end and separating the first connection end and the second connection end.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a gap E between the first connecting end and the second connecting end, and by fitting the first connecting end and the second connecting end in the gap, the probability of arcing short circuit between the first connecting end and the second connecting end can be effectively reduced.

[0043] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first housing is D in the width direction of the first housing, where 50mm≤D≤120mm.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the size of the first box body along the width direction of the first housing is limited to greater than or equal to 50 mm and less than or equal to 120 mm, so as to reduce the impact of the first box body on the arrangement of the battery cells inside the battery device when it is applied to the battery device.

[0045] In some embodiments, 85mm ≤ D ≤ 110mm.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the size of the first box body along the width direction of the first housing is further limited to greater than or equal to 85 mm and less than or equal to 110 mm, so as to reduce the impact of the first box body on the arrangement of battery cells inside the battery device when it is applied to the battery device.

[0047] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery device, including a housing, a battery cell assembly, and a power distribution device as described above. The battery cell assembly and the power distribution device are housed within the housing, and the power distribution device is electrically connected to the battery cell assembly.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: The battery device provided in the embodiments of this application includes the above-mentioned power distribution device. The power distribution device has little impact on the use of the internal space of the battery device, thereby the battery device has a higher energy density.

[0049] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the battery device as described above, which is used to provide electrical energy.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: The electrical device provided in the embodiments of this application includes the above-mentioned battery device, thereby improving the performance of the electrical device. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the battery device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a first housing of a power distribution device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a main positive module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 6 is an exploded view of a main positive module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a main positive electrical connector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a main positive electrical connector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another main positive module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the second housing of the power distribution device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a main negative module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a main negative electrical connector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a main negative electrical connector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another main and secondary module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another first housing of the power distribution device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the main positive module and the main negative module provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 17 is an exploded view of the main positive module and the main negative module integrated into one unit according to the embodiments of this application.

[0069] In the figures, the following labels are used: 1000, vehicle; 100, battery device; 110, battery cell assembly; 200, controller; 300, motor; 10, housing; 20, battery cell; 21, end cap; 21a, electrode terminal; 22, housing; 23, electrode assembly; 23a, tab; 400, power distribution device; 401, first housing; 402, second housing; 403, insulating separator; 410, main positive module; 411, first housing; 4111, first mounting part; 412, first main relay; 413, fuse; 414. 415. First current sensor; 416. Precharge relay; 417. Precharge resistor; 418. Main positive connector; 419a. First connection terminal; 4171. First main positive connector; 4172. Second main positive connector; 4173. Third main positive connector; 4174. Fourth main positive connector; 4175. Fifth main positive connector; 4176. Sixth main positive connector; 4177. Seventh main positive connector; 4178. Eighth main positive connector, second main relay; L. Length direction of the first housing; K. Width direction of the first housing; 420. Main negative module; 421. Second housing; 4211. Second mounting part; 422. Third main relay; 423. Fourth main relay; 424. Second current sensor; 425. Main negative current connector; 425a. Second connection end; 4251. First main negative connection part; 4252. Second main negative connection part; 4253. Third main negative connection part; 4254. Fourth main negative connection part; 4255. Fifth main negative connection part; 4256. Sixth main negative connection part; 4257. Seventh main negative connection part; J. Length direction of the second housing. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0071] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0073] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of power battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0075] A battery pack includes a housing, individual battery cells housed within the housing, and a power distribution unit. The power distribution unit is responsible for managing the charging and discharging of the individual battery cells. With increasing demands for battery energy density, the requirements for the arrangement of electrical components within the power distribution unit are also becoming more stringent. A power distribution unit typically includes multiple electrical components, such as relays, fuses, and current sensors. The arrangement of these components directly affects the overall dimensions of the power distribution unit; the larger the overall size of the arranged components, the larger the overall dimensions of the power distribution unit, and the greater the installation space required. When the power distribution unit is used in a battery pack, its volume significantly impacts the internal space utilization of the battery pack. A larger power distribution unit will affect the arrangement of the individual battery cells within the battery pack, leading to a decrease in the battery pack's energy density.

[0076] Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the problem that the large size of the power distribution device affects the energy density of the battery device in related technologies, a power distribution device is designed. This power distribution device includes a main positive module. By arranging the first current sensor, fuse, and first main relay in the main positive module sequentially along the length of the first housing, the size expansion of the main positive module is mainly concentrated in the length direction of the first housing, and the size in other directions of the first housing is smaller. The size of the main positive module and the power distribution device in other directions of the first housing are also smaller. Therefore, when the main positive module of the power distribution device is applied to the battery device, the length direction of the first housing can be set perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells inside the battery device, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the power distribution device on the arrangement of the battery cells, and thus reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device.

[0077] The power distribution device disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use battery devices as a power source or in various energy storage systems that use battery devices as energy storage elements. Electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0078] Electrical devices can refer to devices that use power batteries as their power source. The power source provides electrical energy to the electrical device, thereby driving its operation. Electrical devices typically have power distribution devices, which control the operation of high-voltage circuits within the device. Here, "voltage" in high-voltage circuit refers to voltage, and a high-voltage circuit is a circuit with a voltage exceeding 60V. For example, a power distribution device can be a high-voltage distribution box, which is responsible for the power distribution and management of high-voltage circuits in the electrical device. For instance, a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) used in new energy vehicles is responsible for the power distribution and management of the high-voltage circuits in the new energy vehicle, providing functions such as charging and discharging control, high-voltage component power-on control, circuit overload and short-circuit protection, high-voltage sampling, and low-voltage control, protecting and monitoring the operation of the high-voltage circuits. A high-voltage distribution box can also refer to a component used in batteries to control battery charging and discharging, such as a BDU (Battery Disconnect Unit). A BDU is a high-voltage distribution box specifically designed for batteries, controlling their charging and discharging.

[0079] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and driving.

[0081] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 2, which is an exploded view of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies 110 for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly 110 may include multiple battery cells 20, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection via a busbar.

[0083] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 110 is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 20.

[0084] As an example, the battery cell assembly 110 can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 20 into an independent module. As an example, the battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells 20 together with cable ties.

[0085] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 10 and one or more battery cell assemblies 110, the battery cell assemblies 110 being housed within the housing 10.

[0086] As an example, the battery cell assembly 110 can be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly 110 can be housed in the housing 10 by fixing the battery module in the housing 10.

[0087] As an example, the battery cell assembly 110 can also be housed in the housing 10 by directly fixing multiple battery cells 20 to the housing 10.

[0088] As an example, the housing 10 may include a first housing and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing 10 to house the battery cell assembly 110. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0089] As an example, the housing 10 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 10 forms an enclosed space to house the battery cell assembly 110.

[0090] In some embodiments, the housing 10 may be part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000. For example, a portion of the housing 10 may be at least a portion of the floor of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the housing 10 may be at least a portion of the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the vehicle 1000.

[0091] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use battery cells 20, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell 20 that can be used again after the battery cell has been discharged by recharging to activate the active materials.

[0093] The battery cell 20 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 3, which is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application. A battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting a battery device 100. As shown in Figure 3, the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0095] End cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of housing 22 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 21 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 21 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, allowing battery cell 20 to have higher structural strength and improved reliability. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on end cap 21. Electrode terminals 21a can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to battery cell 20. In some embodiments, end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 21 can also be various, such as, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0096] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 closes the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 22, the end cap 21 closes the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of various materials, such as, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0097] Electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. The casing 22 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active material each constitute a tab 23a. The positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a connect to the electrode terminals 21a to form a current loop.

[0098] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 4 to 6, this application provides a power distribution device 400, including a main positive module 410. The main positive module 410 includes a first housing 411, a first main relay 412, a fuse 413, and a first current sensor 414. Along the length direction L of the first housing 411, the first current sensor 414, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 are arranged sequentially inside the first housing 411. The first current sensor 414 is electrically connected to one end of the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 is electrically connected to the other end of the fuse 413.

[0099] The main positive module 410 can refer to a module component formed by integrating electrical devices that are electrically connected between the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 of the battery device 100 and the positive terminal of the power device, or electrically connected between the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 of the battery device 100 and the positive terminal of the charging device; wherein, the main positive circuit can be formed by electrically connecting the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110, the positive terminal of the power device and the main positive module 410; the main positive module 410 can be used to control the on and off of the main positive circuit.

[0100] It should be understood that the electrical components in the aforementioned main positive module 410 include, but are not limited to, the first main relay 412, the fuse 413, and the first current sensor 414; the charging device may refer to a device used to charge the battery cell assembly 110, such as a charging pile or charger.

[0101] The main positive module 410 includes a first housing 411, a first main relay 412, a fuse 413, and a first current sensor 414; wherein, the first housing 411 is used to support the assembly of electrical components such as the first main relay 412, the fuse 413, and the first current sensor 414. For example, mounting grooves, mounting holes, and other accommodating structures can be provided on the first housing 411 to accommodate the electrical components and to provide protection and positioning for their assembly.

[0102] The first main relay 412 can refer to an electrical device that connects or disconnects a circuit based on changes in input quantities (e.g., physical quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, speed, or time). Optionally, the first main relay 412 includes components such as an electromagnet, a coil, and contacts. When the input quantity to the input coil reaches a predetermined value, the electromagnet moves under the magnetic force of the coil. The movement of the electromagnet causes the contacts to move, thereby changing the on / off state of the controlled circuit. The first main relay 412 can control the on / off state of the main positive circuit to control the circuit connection between the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the positive terminal of the electrical device or charging device, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly 110. The number of first main relays 412 can be one or more.

[0103] The fuse 413 refers to the electrical device in the main positive module 410 that provides overload protection. When the current exceeds the preset safety range, the fuse wire of the fuse 413 will quickly melt due to the excessive current, thereby cutting off the current and protecting the circuit. The first current sensor 414 is electrically connected to one end of the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 is electrically connected to the other end of the fuse 413. In this way, the current will flow through the first current sensor 414, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 in sequence, or in reverse order through the first main relay 412, the fuse 413, and the first current sensor 414. The fuse 413 is used to protect the main positive circuit.

[0104] The first current sensor 414 can refer to a current detection component connected in series with the first main relay 412; wherein, the first current sensor 414 can be, but is not limited to, a shunt, an electromagnetic current transformer, or an electronic current transformer. The first current sensor 414 can acquire the current information flowing through the first main relay 412 and the fuse 413 to monitor the operating status of the main positive module 410, so as to facilitate timely intervention when the main positive module 410 malfunctions, thereby improving the reliability of the main positive module 410.

[0105] For example, in some embodiments, the first current sensor 414 may be a Hall effect current sensor, which may be arranged around a conductor such that the conductor passes through the center of the first current sensor 414 to achieve the purpose of current detection.

[0106] It should be understood that since the conductor needs to be assembled through the center of the first current sensor 414, the size of the conductor is restricted by the first current sensor 414. Thus, the first current sensor 414, fuse 413, and first main relay 412 can be arranged sequentially, with the fuse 413 and the first main relay 412 directly connected, and the first current sensor 414 connected to the other end of the fuse 413. Therefore, since the size of the conductor where the first current sensor 414 is located is restricted by assembly requirements, this restricted conductor has a lower impact on the current and heat generation between the fuse 413 and the first main relay 412, effectively reducing the risk of accidental melting of the fuse 413.

[0107] The power distribution device 400 provided in this application embodiment includes a main positive module 410. In the main positive module 410, a first main relay 412, a fuse 413, and a first current sensor 414 are arranged sequentially along the length direction L of the first housing 411 and disposed within the first housing 411. The first current sensor 414, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 are connected sequentially, so the size expansion of the main positive module 410 is mainly concentrated in the length direction L of the first housing 411. The size of the first housing 411 in other directions is smaller, and the size of the main positive module 410 and the power distribution device 400 in the first housing 411 in other directions besides the length direction L is also smaller. Therefore, when the main positive module 410 of the power distribution device 400 is applied to the battery device 100, the length direction L of the first housing 411 can be arranged perpendicularly to the direction in which the battery cells 20 inside the battery device 100 are arranged to form a battery cell assembly 110. This can effectively reduce the influence of the power distribution device 400 on the arrangement of the battery cells 20, and thus reduce the impact on the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0108] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the main positive module 410 further includes a pre-charge relay 415 and a pre-charge resistor 416. In the length direction L of the first housing 411, the pre-charge relay 415 and the pre-charge resistor 416 are arranged on the side of the fuse 413 facing away from the first main relay 412, or the pre-charge relay 415 and the pre-charge resistor 416 are arranged on the side of the first main relay 412 facing away from the fuse 413.

[0109] The pre-charge relay 415 can refer to the relay in the main positive module 410 that is connected in series with the pre-charge resistor 416 and in parallel with the first main relay 412; the pre-charge resistor 416 can refer to the resistor in the main positive module 410 that provides transient impact protection.

[0110] It should be understood that in actual use, electrical devices usually contain capacitors (e.g., capacitors in motor controllers). If the battery device 100 supplies power to the electrical device directly through the first main relay 412, the voltage of the battery device 100 is relatively high, and the voltage of the capacitor is zero. As a result, the instantaneous current in the circuit can reach tens of thousands of amperes, which can easily damage the first main relay 412 and the capacitors in the electrical device. By setting up a pre-charge relay 415 and a pre-charge resistor 416, the first main relay 412 can be disconnected and the pre-charge relay 415 can be connected before power is applied. At this time, the pre-charge relay 415 and the pre-charge resistor 416 are connected to the circuit. Since the pre-charge resistor 416 has a certain resistance, it can reduce the instantaneous current in the circuit and reduce the risk of damage to the first main relay 412 and the capacitor. After the capacitor is charged to a certain extent, the pre-charge relay 415 is disconnected and the first main relay 412 is connected, and the battery device 100 is powered normally through the first main relay 412. At this time, there will be no large current surge in the circuit, which helps to improve the safety of the battery device 100.

[0111] In this embodiment, along the length L of the first housing 411, the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 can be arranged on the side of the fuse 413 facing away from the first main relay 412, that is, the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 are located on the same side as the first current sensor 414; or, along the length L of the first housing 411, the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 can be arranged on the side of the first main relay 412 facing away from the fuse 413, that is, the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 are closer to the first main relay 412, so as to facilitate the parallel wiring of the precharge relay 415 and the first main relay 412. The precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 are connected in series. One end of the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 can be electrically connected to the fuse 413 and the first main relay 412. The other end of the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 are connected in series and the first main relay 412 can be electrically connected to the other end of the first main relay 412, so as to achieve the purpose of connecting the precharge relay 415 and the precharge resistor 416 in series and connecting them in parallel with the first main relay 412.

[0112] With this arrangement, the pre-charge relay 415 and pre-charge resistor 416 are arranged along the length direction L of the first housing 411 on the side of the fuse 413 facing away from the first main relay 412, or along the length direction L of the first housing 411 on the side of the first main relay 412 facing away from the fuse 413. This ensures that the pre-charge relay 415 and pre-charge resistor 416 are still arranged along the length direction L of the first housing 411, thereby reducing the impact of the arrangement of the pre-charge relay 415 and pre-charge resistor 416 on the dimensions of the main positive module 410 in other directions. This reduces the impact of the power distribution device 400 on the arrangement of battery cells, and further reduces the impact on the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0113] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in some embodiments, along the length direction L of the first housing 411, a precharge relay 415 and a precharge resistor 416 are arranged on the side of the fuse 413 facing away from the first main relay 412, and the precharge relay 415 is arranged between the first current sensor 414 and the fuse 413; along the width direction K of the first housing 411, the precharge relay 415 and the first current sensor 414 are arranged on the same side of the precharge resistor 416; wherein, the length direction L of the first housing 411 is perpendicular to the width direction K of the first housing 411.

[0114] The length direction L and width direction K of the first housing 411 mentioned above refer to two different directions of the first housing 411. It should be understood that the first housing 411 has three mutually perpendicular directions: length direction L, width direction K, and height direction. The length direction L of the first housing 411 refers to the direction of the side with the largest dimension of the first housing 411, and the width direction K of the first housing 411 refers to a direction perpendicular to the length direction L. In some embodiments, the two ends of the fuse 413 used to connect the first current sensor 414 and the first main relay 412 can be arranged along the width direction K of the first housing 411. Simultaneously, the end of the first main relay 412 used to connect the fuse 413 can also be arranged along the width direction K of the first housing 411 and on the same side as the end connected to the fuse 413, to facilitate wiring connections.

[0115] It should be understood that the precharge relay 415 is relatively small, while the precharge resistor 416 is relatively large. Therefore, the precharge relay 415 is arranged along the length L of the first housing 411 between the first current sensor 414 and the fuse 413, and the precharge relay 415 and the first current sensor 414 are arranged on the same side of the precharge resistor 416 in the width K of the first housing 411. This makes the arrangement of the precharge relay 415, the first current sensor 414, and the precharge resistor 416 more compact. Since the fuse 413 and the first main relay 412 are relatively larger, the distribution of the precharge relay 415, the first current sensor 414, and the precharge resistor 416 in the width direction of the first housing 411 has little impact on the overall size of the main positive module 410 in the width direction of the first housing 411. At the same time, the size required for the arrangement of the precharge relay 415, the first current sensor 414, and the precharge resistor 416 in the length L of the first housing 411 is effectively reduced, thereby further optimizing the arrangement and reducing the overall size of the main positive module 410.

[0116] With this configuration, the precharge relay 415 and precharge resistor 416 are arranged on the side of the fuse 413 facing away from the first main relay 412. The precharge relay 415 and precharge resistor 416 can be arranged compactly with the first current sensor 414, thereby reducing the size of the power distribution device 400 along the length L of the first housing 411, and further reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 400 in the internal space of the battery device 100.

[0117] Referring to Figures 5 to 8, in some embodiments, the main positive module 410 further includes a main positive electrical connector 417, which includes a first main positive connector 4171, a second main positive connector 4172, a third main positive connector 4173, a fourth main positive connector 4174, and a fifth main positive connector 4175. The first main positive connector 4171 is disposed on the first housing 411. A first current sensor 414 is disposed on the second main positive connector 4172. One end of the second main positive connector 4172 is connected to the first main positive connector 4171, and the other end of the second main positive connector 4172 is connected to the third main positive connector 4173. The third main positive connector 4173 is connected to the first end of the fuse 413, and the fourth main positive connector 4174 is connected to the second end of the fuse 413. The fourth main positive connector 4174 is also electrically connected to the first end of the first main relay 412. The fifth main positive connector 4175 is connected to the second end of the first main relay 412.

[0118] The main positive electrical connector 417 can refer to the conductive structure of electrical components in the main positive module 410, such as the electrically conductive fuse 413, the first main relay 412, the precharge relay 415, the precharge resistor 416, and the first current sensor 414. Optionally, the main positive electrical connector 417 can be, but is not limited to, a metal conductor such as copper, aluminum, silver, or gold. For example, the main positive electrical connector 417 can be a copper busbar, copper sheet, or similar structure.

[0119] The main positive electrical connector 417 includes a first main positive connector 4171, a second main positive connector 4172, a third main positive connector 4173, a fourth main positive connector 4174, and a fifth main positive connector 4175. It should be understood that the first main positive connector 4171, the second main positive connector 4172, the third main positive connector 4173, the fourth main positive connector 4174, and the fifth main positive connector 4175 refer to five different metal conductor portions. The first main positive connector 4171, the second main positive connector 4172, the third main positive connector 4173, the fourth main positive connector 4174, and the fifth main positive connector 4175 are used to connect different electrical components in the main positive module 410 to achieve electrical connection.

[0120] The first main positive connection portion 4171 is disposed on the first housing 411. Optionally, the first main positive connection portion 4171 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar, such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. In some embodiments, the first main positive connection portion 4171 can be used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110, thereby realizing the positive conduction between the main positive module 410 and the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110. The first main positive connection portion 4171 can be mounted on the first housing 411 and entirely exposed outside the first housing 411; or, the first main positive connection portion 4171 can be mounted on the first housing 411, with a portion of the first main positive connection portion 4171 embedded inside the first housing 411, and the exposed portion of the first main positive connection portion 4171 can be used to connect to the battery cell assembly 110 or to the second main positive connection portion 4172, or can be used for heat dissipation.

[0121] One end of the second main positive connection 4172 is connected to the first main positive connection 4171, and the other end of the second main positive connection 4172 is connected to the third main positive connection 4173. The first current sensor 414 is disposed on the second main positive connection 4172. Optionally, the second main positive connection 4172 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar, such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. The first current sensor 414 can be arranged around the second main positive connection 4172, with the second main positive connection 4172 passing through the center of the first current sensor 414, to achieve the purpose of current detection. One end of the second main positive connection 4172 is connected to the first main positive connection 4171, and the second main positive connection 4172 and the first main positive connection 4171 can be fixed together by fasteners, insertion, snap-fit ​​connections, or other methods. Similarly, the third main positive connection 4173 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar, such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. The third main positive connection 4173 and the second main positive connection 4172 can be fixed together by fasteners, plugging, snap-fit, or other methods. Optionally, the third main positive connection 4173 can also form a flat end for heat dissipation. In this way, when current flows through the first main positive connection 4171, the second main positive connection 4172, and the third main positive connection 4173, the first current sensor 414 can detect the current flowing through the second main positive connection 4172.

[0122] The third main positive connection part 4173 connects to the first end of the fuse 413, and the fourth main positive connection part 4174 connects to the second end of the fuse 413. It should be understood that the first and second ends of the fuse 413 refer to the two opposing electrical connection ends of the fuse 413 used to form an electrical connection with the outside. Current can flow through the first and second ends of the fuse 413 through the interior of the fuse 413 to achieve the circuit protection function of the fuse 413. The fourth main positive connection part 4174 can be a copper connecting piece, an aluminum connecting piece, or other metal conductive piece or a conductive busbar. The fourth main positive connection part 4174 can also form a flat end for heat dissipation.

[0123] The fourth main positive connection portion 4174 is also electrically connected to the first terminal of the first main relay 412; the fifth main positive connection portion 4175 is connected to the second terminal of the first main relay 412; in some embodiments, the fifth main positive connection portion 4175 may be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the electrical device, or the fifth main positive connection portion 4175 may also be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the charging device. It should be understood that the first terminal and the second terminal of the first main relay 412 refer to the two connection terminals led out from the contacts of the first main relay 412. The first terminal of the first main relay 412 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fuse 413 through the fourth main positive connection portion 4174, and the second terminal of the first main relay 412 is connected to the fifth main positive connection portion 4175. The fifth main positive connection portion 4175 may be a copper connecting piece, an aluminum connecting piece, or other metal conductive piece or a conductive busbar. The fifth main positive connection portion 4175 may also form a flat end for heat dissipation.

[0124] It should be understood that when there are multiple first main relays 412, the multiple first main relays 412 can also be electrically connected through one or more conductors to realize the series connection of multiple first main relays 412.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first main positive connection 4171 can be connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110, and the fifth main positive connection 4175 can be connected to the positive terminal of the electrical device, thus enabling the battery cell assembly 110 to discharge to the electrical device via the first main relay 412. In other embodiments, the first main positive connection 4171 can be connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110, and the fifth main positive connection 4175 can be connected to the positive terminal of the charging device, thus enabling the charging device to charge the battery cell assembly 110.

[0126] Meanwhile, when the main positive module 410 also includes a pre-charge resistor 416 and a pre-charge relay 415, the pre-charge resistor 416 and the pre-charge relay 415 are connected in series through a conductor. At the same time, one end of the pre-charge resistor 416 and the pre-charge relay 415 is connected to the third main positive connection part 4173, and the other end of the pre-charge resistor 416 and the pre-charge relay 415 is connected to the fifth main positive connection part 4175, so that the pre-charge relay 415 and the pre-charge resistor 416 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the first main relay 412.

[0127] With this configuration, the first current sensor 414, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 are connected in series in sequence using the first main positive connection part 4171, the second main positive connection part 4172, the third main positive connection part 4173, the fourth main positive connection part 4174, and the fifth main positive connection part 4175. The first main positive connection part 4171 and the fifth main positive connection part 4175 are respectively connected to the external structure to realize power distribution operation.

[0128] Referring to Figures 5 to 9, in some embodiments, the main positive module 410 further includes a second main relay 418. Along the length direction L of the first housing 411, the second main relay 418 is arranged on the side of the first main relay 412 facing away from the fuse 413. The second end of the first main relay 412 is electrically connected to the first end of the second main relay 418; or, the second end of the fuse 413 is electrically connected to the first end of the second main relay 418.

[0129] The second main relay 418 can refer to an electrical device that connects or disconnects a circuit based on changes in input quantities (e.g., physical quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, speed, or time). Optionally, the second main relay 418 includes components such as an electromagnet, a coil, and contacts. When the input quantity to the input coil reaches a predetermined value, the electromagnet moves under the magnetic force of the coil. The movement of the electromagnet causes the contacts to move, thereby changing the on / off state of the controlled circuit. The second main relay 418 can control the on / off state of the main positive circuit to control the circuit connection between the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the positive terminal of the electrical device or charging device, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly 110. The number of second main relays 418 can be one or more.

[0130] Along the length direction L of the first housing 411, the second main relay 418 is arranged on the side of the first main relay 412 facing away from the fuse 413; thus, the second main relay 418 is arranged and assembled along the length direction L of the first housing 411, and the arrangement of the second main relay 418 has little impact on the dimensions of the main positive module 410 in other directions outside the length direction L of the first housing 411.

[0131] In some embodiments, the second terminal of the first main relay 412 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay 418 to realize the series connection of the first main relay 412 and the second main relay 418; or, in other embodiments, the second terminal of the fuse 413 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay 418 to realize the parallel connection of the first main relay 412 and the second main relay 418.

[0132] With this configuration, the second main relay 418 can be arranged along the length L of the first housing 411 on the side of the first main relay 412 facing away from the fuse 413. That is, the arrangement of the second main relay 418 mainly increases the size of the power distribution device 400 along the length L of the first housing 411, while having a lower impact on the size of the power distribution device 400 in other directions. This reduces the impact of the power distribution device 400 on the arrangement of battery cells, and thus reduces the impact on the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0133] Referring to Figures 5 to 8, in some embodiments, the main positive connection 417 further includes a sixth main positive connection 4176, the fifth main positive connection 4175 is connected to the first end of the second main relay 418, and the sixth main positive connection 4176 is connected to the second end of the second main relay 418.

[0134] The sixth main positive connection part 4176 is connected to the second terminal of the second main relay 418; the sixth main positive connection part 4176 can be a metal conductive piece or conductive bar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece, and the sixth main positive connection part 4176 can also form a flat end for heat dissipation.

[0135] In some embodiments, the fifth main positive connection 4175 can be used to connect to the positive terminal of the electrical device, and the sixth main positive connection 4176 can be used to connect to the positive terminal of the charging device. Thus, when the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 is connected to the first main positive connection 4171, the current output by the battery cell assembly 110 can flow sequentially through the first current sensor 414, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 and be conducted to the electrical device by the fifth main positive connection 4175. When charging the battery cell assembly 110, the charging device is electrically connected to the sixth main positive connection 4176, and the charging current flows sequentially through the second main relay 418, the first main relay 412, the fuse 413, and the first current sensor 414 to charge the battery cell assembly 110.

[0136] With this configuration, the fifth main positive connection part 4175 can be used to connect the power device to achieve discharge control through the first main relay 412; at the same time, the sixth main positive connection part 4176 can be used to connect the charging device to achieve charging control through the first main relay 412 and the second main relay 418.

[0137] Referring to Figure 9, in some embodiments, the main positive electrical connector 417 further includes a seventh main positive connection portion 4177 and an eighth main positive connection portion 4178. The seventh main positive connection portion 4177 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay 418 and is also connected to the fourth main positive connection portion 4174; the eighth main positive connection portion 4178 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second main relay 418.

[0138] The seventh main positive connection part 4177 is simultaneously connected to the first end of the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the second main relay 418; the seventh main positive connection part 4177 can be a metal conductive piece or conductive busbar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece, and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 can also form a planar end for heat dissipation.

[0139] The eighth main positive connection part 4178 is connected to the second terminal of the second main relay 418; the eighth main positive connection part 4178 can be a metal conductive piece or conductive busbar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece, and the eighth main positive connection part 4178 can also form a flat end for heat dissipation.

[0140] In some embodiments, the fifth main positive connection 4175 can be used to connect to the positive terminal of the electrical device, and the eighth main positive connection 4178 can be used to connect to the positive terminal of the charging device. Thus, when the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 is connected to the first main positive connection 4171, the current output by the battery cell assembly 110 can flow sequentially through the first current sensor 414, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 and be conducted to the electrical device by the fifth main positive connection 4175. When charging the battery cell assembly 110, the charging device is electrically connected to the eighth main positive connection 4178, and the charging current flows sequentially through the second main relay 418, the fuse 413, and the first current sensor 414 to charge the battery cell assembly 110.

[0141] With this configuration, the seventh main positive connection part 4177 can be connected to the fourth main positive connection part 4174 to achieve parallel use of the first main relay 412 and the second main relay 418.

[0142] Referring to Figure 9, in some embodiments, a first mounting portion 4111 is provided on the first housing 411. In the length direction L of the first housing 411, the first mounting portion 4111 is located between the first main relay 412 and the second main relay 418; the fourth main positive connection portion 4174 and the seventh main positive connection portion 4177 are connected to the first mounting portion 4111.

[0143] Optionally, the first mounting part 4111 includes, but is not limited to, mounting holes, mounting grooves, and other mounting structures for fastening or accommodating fasteners. The fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 can be fixedly connected to the first mounting part 4111 by fastening fasteners.

[0144] It should be understood that when the first main relay 412 and the second main relay 418 are connected in parallel, the first end of the second main relay 418 needs to be connected to the fuse 413, and the first end of the first main relay 412 needs to be connected by wiring through the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177. The second main relay 418 is located on the side of the first main relay 412 away from the fuse 413 in the length direction L of the first housing 411. Therefore, the wiring distance of the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 is required to be relatively long, that is, the overall size of the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 in the length direction L of the first housing 411 is relatively long. At this time, the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 are prone to bending and deformation under their own weight.

[0145] With this configuration, by connecting the first main positive connection part 4171 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 to the first mounting part 4111, for example by using bolts to lock them together to the first mounting part 4111, the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177 can form a connection point with the first housing 411 at the first mounting part 4111 along the length direction L of the first housing 411. This improves the connection strength and stability of the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177, and reduces the probability of bending or deformation of the fourth main positive connection part 4174 and the seventh main positive connection part 4177.

[0146] Please refer to Figures 10 to 13. In some embodiments, the power distribution device 400 further includes a main negative module 420, which includes a second housing 421 and a third main relay 422, with the third main relay 422 disposed on the second housing 421.

[0147] The main negative module 420 can refer to a module component formed by integrating electrical devices that are electrically connected between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 of the battery device 100 and the negative terminal of the power device, or electrically connected between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 of the battery device 100 and the negative terminal of the charging device; wherein, the main negative circuit can be formed by electrically connecting the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110, the negative terminal of the power device, and the main negative module 420; the main negative module 420 can be used to control the on / off state of the main negative circuit.

[0148] It should be understood that the electrical components in the aforementioned main and negative module 420 include, but are not limited to, the third main relay 422, etc.

[0149] The main negative module 420 includes a second housing 421 and a third main relay 422; wherein, the second housing 421 is used to support the assembly of the third main relay 422. Exemplarily, mounting slots, mounting holes, and other receiving structures can be provided on the second housing 421 to accommodate the third main relay 422 and to provide protection and positioning for the assembly of the third main relay 422.

[0150] The third main relay 422 can refer to an electrical device that connects or disconnects a circuit based on changes in input quantities (e.g., physical quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, speed, or time). Optionally, the third main relay 422 includes components such as an electromagnet, a coil, and contacts. When the input quantity to the input coil reaches a specified value, the electromagnet moves under the magnetic force of the coil. The movement of the electromagnet causes the contacts to move, thereby changing the on / off state of the controlled circuit. The third main relay 422 can control the on / off state of the main negative circuit to control the circuit connection between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the negative terminal of the electrical device or charging device, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly 110. The number of third main relays 422 can be one or more.

[0151] In some embodiments, the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 can be an integral design, that is, the first housing 411 of the main positive module 410 and the second housing 421 of the main negative module 420 are integral structures, and the second housing 421 can be disposed on one side of the first main relay 412 along the length direction L of the first housing 411, as shown in Figure 15; or, the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 can be a separate design, that is, the first housing 411 of the main positive module 410 and the second housing 421 of the main negative module 420 are separate designs, as shown in Figures 5 and 11, and the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 can be respectively connected between the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the positive terminal of the power device or charging device, and between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the negative terminal of the power device or charging device.

[0152] With this configuration, the third main relay 422 is placed on the second housing 421, and the third main relay 422 is used to control the connection and disconnection of the circuit between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the negative terminal of the output of the battery device 100, so as to realize the power distribution operation.

[0153] Referring to Figures 11 and 12, in some embodiments, the main negative module 420 further includes a fourth main relay 423, which is disposed on either side of the third main relay 422 along the length direction J of the second housing 421.

[0154] The fourth main relay 423 can refer to an electrical device that connects or disconnects a circuit based on changes in input quantities (e.g., physical quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, speed, or time). Optionally, the fourth main relay 423 includes components such as an electromagnet, a coil, and contacts. When the input quantity to the input coil reaches a specified value, the electromagnet moves under the magnetic force of the coil. The movement of the electromagnet causes the contacts to move, thereby changing the on / off state of the controlled circuit. The fourth main relay 423 can control the on / off state of the main negative circuit to control the circuit connection between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the negative terminal of the electrical device or charging device, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly 110. The number of fourth main relays 423 can be one or more.

[0155] Along the length direction J of the second housing 421, the fourth main relay 423 is arranged on either side of the third main relay 422; wherein, the third main relay 422 and the fourth main relay 423 can be connected in parallel; or, the third main relay 422 and the fourth main relay 423 can be connected in parallel.

[0156] Optionally, in some embodiments, the length direction J of the second housing 421 may be parallel to the length direction J of the first housing 411.

[0157] With this configuration, the fourth main relay 423 is arranged and assembled along the length direction J of the second housing 421. The arrangement of the fourth main relay 423 has little impact on the dimensions of the main negative module 420 in other directions other than the length direction J of the second housing 421. The length direction J of the second housing 421 can be set perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells inside the battery device 100 to reduce the impact of the main negative module 420 on the arrangement of the battery cells.

[0158] Referring to Figures 11 and 12, in some embodiments, the main negative module 420 further includes a second current sensor 424, which is disposed on either side of the third main relay 422 along the length direction J of the second housing 421.

[0159] The second current sensor 424 can refer to a current detection component connected in series with the third main relay 422; wherein, the second current sensor 424 can be, but is not limited to, a shunt, an electromagnetic current transformer, or an electronic current transformer. The second current sensor 424 can acquire current information flowing through the third main relay 422 to monitor the operating status of the main negative module 420, facilitating timely intervention when the main negative module 420 malfunctions, and improving the reliability of the main negative module 420.

[0160] For example, in some embodiments, the second current sensor 424 may be a shunt resistor current sensor, and the second current sensor 424 may be connected in series with the third main relay 422 to achieve the purpose of current detection.

[0161] Along the length direction J of the second housing 421, the second current sensor 424 is disposed on either side of the third main relay 422. In some embodiments, when the main negative module 420 also includes a fourth main relay 423, the second current sensor 424 may be disposed on the side of the third main relay 422 facing away from the fourth main relay 423 along the length direction J of the second housing 421, or the second current sensor 424 may also be disposed on the side of the fourth main relay 423 facing away from the third main relay 422 along the length direction J of the second housing 421. Exemplarily, along the length direction J of the second housing 421, the third main relay 422, the fourth main relay 423, and the second current sensor 424 may be arranged sequentially, and when the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 are an integral structure, the end of the second housing 421 near the third main relay 422 along the length direction J is integrally formed with the end of the first housing 411 near the first main relay 412 along the length direction L.

[0162] With this configuration, the second current sensor 424 can acquire the current information flowing through the third main relay 422 to monitor the operating status of the main negative module 420, facilitating timely intervention when the main negative module 420 malfunctions, and improving the reliability of the main negative module 420. At the same time, the second current sensor 424 is arranged along the length direction J of the second housing 421 to reduce the impact of the arrangement of the second current sensor 424 on the dimensions of the power distribution device 400 in other directions, thereby reducing the impact of the power distribution device 400 on the arrangement of battery cells, and thus reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0163] Please refer to Figures 11 to 13. In some embodiments, the main negative module 420 further includes a main negative electrical connector 425, which includes a first main negative connection portion 4251, a second main negative connection portion 4252, a third main negative connection portion 4253, and a fourth main negative connection portion 4254. The first main negative connection portion 4251 is disposed on the second housing 421. The second main negative connection portion 4252 is connected to the first main negative connection portion 4251 and is also connected to the first end of the second current sensor 424. The third main negative connection portion 4253 is connected to the second end of the second current sensor 424 and is also connected to the first end of the third main relay 422. The fourth main negative connection portion 4254 is connected to the second end of the third main relay 422.

[0164] The main negative electrical connector 425 can refer to the conductive structure used to electrically connect the electrical components in the main negative module 420, such as the third main relay 422 and the second current sensor 424. Optionally, the main negative electrical connector 425 can be, but is not limited to, a metal conductor such as copper, aluminum, silver, or gold. For example, the main positive electrical connector 417 can be a copper busbar, copper sheet, or other structure.

[0165] The main negative electrical connector 425 includes a first main negative connection portion 4251, a second main negative connection portion 4252, a third main negative connection portion 4253, and a fourth main negative connection portion 4254. It should be understood that the first main negative connection portion 4251, the second main negative connection portion 4252, the third main negative connection portion 4253, and the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 refer to four different metal conductor portions. The first main negative connection portion 4251, the second main negative connection portion 4252, the third main negative connection portion 4253, and the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 are used to connect different electrical components in the main negative module 420 to achieve electrical connection.

[0166] The first main negative connection portion 4251 is disposed on the second housing 421. Optionally, the first main negative connection portion 4251 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar, such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. In some embodiments, the first main negative connection portion 4251 can be used to connect to the battery cell assembly 110. Specifically, the first main negative connection portion 4251 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110. The first main negative connection portion 4251 can be mounted on the second housing 421 and entirely exposed outside the second housing 421; or, the first main negative connection portion 4251 can be mounted on the second housing 421, with a portion of the first main negative connection portion 4251 embedded inside the second housing 421, and the exposed portion of the first main negative connection portion 4251 can be used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 or to the second main negative connection portion 4252, or can be used to achieve heat dissipation.

[0167] The first end of the second current sensor 424 is connected to the first main negative connection part 4251 via the second main negative connection part 4252, and the second end of the second current sensor 424 is connected to the third main negative connection part 4253. Here, the first and second ends of the second current sensor 424 refer to its two connection terminals. The second current sensor 424 is connected in series by using the second main negative connection part 4252 and the third main negative connection part 4253 to connect the first and second ends of the second current sensor 424 respectively. Optionally, the second main negative connection part 4252 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar, such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. The second main negative connection part 4252 can be fixedly connected to the first main negative connection part 4251 by fasteners, insertion, snap-fit ​​connection, etc.; the second main negative connection part 4252 can also be fixedly connected to the third main negative connection part 4253 by fasteners, insertion, snap-fit ​​connection, etc.

[0168] The third main negative connection portion 4253 is also connected to the first terminal of the third main relay 422; the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 is connected to the second terminal of the third main relay 422. Optionally, the third main negative connection portion 4253 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece, and the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 can also be a flat end for heat dissipation; the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece, and the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 can also be a flat end for heat dissipation. In some embodiments, the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 can also be used to connect to the negative terminal of the electrical device to realize the discharge operation of the electrical device. The first and second terminals of the third main relay 422 refer to the two connection terminals led out from the contacts of the third main relay 422. The first terminal of the third main relay 422 is connected to the second current sensor 424 through the third main negative connection part 4253, and the second terminal of the third main relay 422 is connected to the negative terminal of the electrical device through the fourth main negative connection part 4254. In this way, the on / off of the main negative circuit can be controlled by the third main relay 422.

[0169] With this configuration, the second current sensor 424 and the third main relay 422 are connected in series in sequence using the first main negative connection part 4251, the second main negative connection part 4252, the third main negative connection part 4253 and the fourth main negative connection part 4254, and the external structure is connected through the first main negative connection part 4251 and the fourth main negative connection part 4254 respectively to realize power distribution operation.

[0170] Referring to Figures 11 to 13, in some embodiments, the main negative connection 425 further includes a fifth main negative connection portion 4255, the fourth main negative connection portion 4254 is connected to the first end of the fourth main relay 423, and the fifth main negative connection portion 4255 is connected to the second end of the fourth main relay 423.

[0171] Optionally, the fifth main negative connection portion 4255 can be a metal conductive sheet or conductive busbar, such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. The fifth main negative connection portion 4255 can also be formed into a planar end for heat dissipation. In some embodiments, the fifth main negative connection portion 4255 can also be used to electrically connect the negative terminal of the electrical device or the negative terminal of the charging device to realize charge and discharge control.

[0172] With this configuration, when the main negative module 420 also includes a fourth main relay 423, the fourth main negative connection part 4254 can be used to connect to the first terminal of the fourth main relay 423, and the fifth main negative connection part 4255 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay 423. The fifth main negative connection part 4255 can also be used to connect to the negative terminal of the charging device or the negative terminal of the power consumption device to achieve charging and discharging control of the battery cell assembly 110.

[0173] Referring to Figure 14, in some embodiments, the main negative electrical connector 425 further includes a sixth main negative connection portion 4256 and a seventh main negative connection portion 4257; the sixth main negative connection portion 4256 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth main relay 423, and the sixth main negative connection portion 4256 is also connected to the third main negative connection portion 4253; the seventh main negative connection portion 4257 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay 423.

[0174] The sixth main negative connection part 4256 is connected to the first end of the third main negative connection part 4253 and the fourth main relay 423. The sixth main negative connection part 4256 can be a metal conductive piece or conductive bar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece. The sixth main negative connection part 4256 can also form a flat end for heat dissipation.

[0175] The seventh main negative connection part 4257 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay; the seventh main negative connection part 4257 can be a metal conductive piece or conductive busbar such as a copper connecting piece or an aluminum connecting piece, and the seventh main negative connection part 4257 can also form a flat end for heat dissipation.

[0176] In some embodiments, the sixth main negative connection 4256 can be used to connect to the negative terminal of the electrical device, and the seventh main negative connection 4257 can be used to connect to the negative terminal of the charging device; thus, when the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 is connected to the first main negative connection 4251, the third main relay 422 can control the discharge process of the battery cell assembly 110, and the fourth main relay 423 can control the charging process of the battery cell assembly 110.

[0177] With this configuration, the third main negative connection part 4253 can be connected to the sixth main negative connection part 4256 to achieve parallel use of the third main relay 422 and the fourth main relay 423.

[0178] Referring to Figure 14, in some embodiments, a second mounting portion 4211 is provided on the second housing 421. In the length direction J of the second housing 421, the second mounting portion 4211 is located between the third main relay 422 and the fourth main relay 423; the third main negative connection portion 4253 and the sixth main negative connection portion 4256 are connected to the second mounting portion 4211.

[0179] Optionally, the second mounting part 4211 includes, but is not limited to, mounting holes, mounting grooves, and other mounting structures for fastening or accommodating fasteners. The third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256 can be fixedly connected to the second mounting part 4211 by fastening fasteners.

[0180] It should be understood that when the third main relay 422 and the fourth main relay 423 are connected in parallel, the first end of the fourth main relay 423 needs to be connected to the third main negative connection part 4253 of the third main relay 422 through the sixth main negative connection part 4256. The fourth main relay 423 is located on the side of the third main relay 422 away from the second current sensor 424 in the length direction J of the second housing 421. Therefore, the wiring distance of the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256 is required to be relatively long, that is, the overall size of the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256 in the length direction J of the second housing 421 is relatively long. At this time, the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256 are prone to bending and deformation under their own weight.

[0181] With this configuration, by connecting the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256 to the second mounting part 4211, for example by using bolts to lock them together to the second mounting part 4211, the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256 can form a connection point with the second housing 421 at the second mounting part 4211 in the length direction J of the second housing 421. This improves the connection strength and stability of the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256, and reduces the probability of bending deformation of the third main negative connection part 4253 and the sixth main negative connection part 4256.

[0182] Referring to Figures 4, 5, 10, and 11, in some embodiments, the power distribution device 400 further includes a first housing 401 and a second housing 402, with the main positive module 410 disposed in the first housing 401 and the main negative module 420 disposed in the second housing 402.

[0183] Understandably, the first housing 401 refers to the support structure used to carry the main positive module 410; in some embodiments, the first housing 401 is the first shell 411; or, in other embodiments, the first housing 401 includes the first shell 411 and other shell structures, using the first shell 411 and other shell structures to encapsulate the main positive module 410, so as to cover and protect the electrical components in the main positive module 410.

[0184] The second housing 402 refers to the support structure used to carry the main negative module 420; in some embodiments, the second housing 402 is the second shell 421; or, in other embodiments, the second housing 402 includes the second shell 421 and other shell structures, and the main negative module 420 is encapsulated by the second shell 421 and other shell structures to cover and protect the electrical components in the main negative module 420.

[0185] In this embodiment, the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 are respectively disposed in two independent box structures, the first box 401 and the second box 402, so that the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 can be independently assembled through the first box 401 and the second box 402 respectively.

[0186] With this configuration, the main positive module 410 is placed in the first housing 401, and the main negative module 420 is placed in the second housing 402. The first housing 401 and the second housing 402 can be installed independently, thus breaking down the original large installation space into two smaller installation spaces. This reduces the impact on the installation of other components, reduces space redundancy, and improves space utilization. In addition, during installation, the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 of the power distribution device 400 are two independent modules, which allows the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 to be flexibly installed in the battery device 100, and also helps to reduce the difficulty of internal layout of the battery device 100.

[0187] Referring to Figures 15 to 17, in some embodiments, the power distribution device 400 further includes a first housing 401, in which the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 are both disposed; the first housing 411 and the second housing 421 are an integral structure, and the length direction L of the first housing 411 is parallel to the length direction J of the second housing 421.

[0188] In this embodiment, the first housing 401 refers to the support structure used to simultaneously support the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420. That is, the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 are integrated in the first housing 401, and the first housing 411 and the second housing 421 are integral structures. The length direction L of the first housing 411 is parallel to the length direction J of the second housing 421.

[0189] In some embodiments, the second housing 421 may be integrally formed on one end of the first housing 411 along the length direction L and away from the first current sensor 414, and the third main relay 422 is located at one end of the second housing 421 close to the first housing 411; thus, along the length direction L of the first housing 411, the first current sensor 414, the pre-charge resistor 416 and the pre-charge relay 415, the fuse 413 and the first main relay 412 of the main positive module 410, and the third main relay 422 and the second current sensor 424 of the main negative module 420 are arranged sequentially.

[0190] This configuration places both the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 within the first housing 401, thereby improving the compactness of the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420, and further reducing the overall size of the power distribution device 400, thus reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 400 inside the battery device 100.

[0191] Referring to Figures 15 to 17, in some embodiments, a main positive electrical connector 417 is provided on the first housing 411. The main positive electrical connector 417 has a first connection end 417a, which is electrically connected to a first main relay 412. The first connection end 417a is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power device or the positive terminal of the charging device. A main negative electrical connector 425 is provided on the second housing 421. The main negative electrical connector 425 has a second connection end 425a, which is electrically connected to a third main relay 422. The second connection end 425a is used to connect to the negative terminal of the power device or the negative terminal of the charging device.

[0192] The main positive electrical connector 417 refers to the conductive structure used to connect electrical components in the main positive module 410. The main positive electrical connector 417 has a first connection end 417a. It should be understood that the first connection end 417a refers to the portion of the main positive electrical connector 417 used to connect with the first main relay 412 and to connect with the positive terminal of the electrical device or the positive terminal of the charging device. Exemplarily, in some embodiments, when the main positive electrical connector 417 includes a first main positive connection portion 4171, a second main positive connection portion 4172, a third main positive connection portion 4173, a fourth main positive connection portion 4174, and a fifth main positive connection portion 4175, the first connection end 417a is the fifth main positive connection portion 4175.

[0193] The main negative electrical connector 425 refers to the conductive structure used to connect electrical components in the main negative module 420. The main negative electrical connector 425 has a second connection end 425a. It should be understood that the second connection end 425a refers to the portion of the main negative electrical connector 425 used to connect to the third main relay 422 and to connect to the negative terminal of the electrical device or the negative terminal of the charging device. Exemplarily, in some embodiments, when the main negative electrical connector 425 includes a first main negative connection portion 4251, a second main negative connection portion 4252, a third main negative connection portion 4253, and a fourth main negative connection portion 4254, the second connection end 425a is the fourth main negative connection portion 4254.

[0194] Thus, in some embodiments, the gap E between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a refers to the gap formed between the fifth main positive connecting part 4175 and the fourth main negative connecting part 4254 along the length direction L of the first housing 411 when the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 are integrated in the first housing 401.

[0195] Along the length direction L of the first housing 411, there is a gap E between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a; when the voltage of both the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a is less than or equal to 660V, 5mm≤E≤7mm; when the voltage of at least one of the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a is greater than 660V, 8mm≤E≤12mm; an insulating separator 403 is also provided between the first housing 411 and the second housing 421, the insulating separator 403 is disposed in the gap between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a and separates the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a.

[0196] It should be understood that the main positive module 410 is connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the positive terminal of the electrical device or charging device, and the main positive connector 417 is used to connect the positive terminal of the battery cell; the main negative module 420 is connected in series between the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110 and the negative terminal of the electrical device or charging device, and the main negative connector 425 is used to connect the negative terminal of the battery cell. Therefore, the main positive connector 417 and the main negative connector 425 carry currents of different polarities, and the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a also carry currents of different polarities, which may lead to electrical breakdown or short-circuit arcing at the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a.

[0197] When the voltage of both the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a is less than or equal to 660V, the gap E between the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a is set to be greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 7mm along the length direction L of the first housing 411. At the same time, an insulating separator 403 is provided between the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a so that there is sufficient electrical clearance and creepage distance between the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a, thereby effectively reducing the probability of electrical breakdown or short circuit arcing of the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a.

[0198] When the voltage of at least one of the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a is greater than 660V, the gap E between the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a is set to be greater than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 12mm along the length direction L of the first housing 411. At the same time, an insulating separator 403 is provided in the gap between the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a so that there is sufficient electrical clearance and creepage distance between the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a, thereby effectively reducing the probability of electrical breakdown or short circuit arcing of the first connection terminal 417a and the second connection terminal 425a.

[0199] The aforementioned insulating separator 403 refers to an insulating protrusion, insulating plate, insulating sheet, or other structure with superior insulation performance disposed between the first housing 411 and the second housing 421. Along the length L of the first housing 411, the insulating separator 403 is located between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a, and is inserted into the gap between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a, completely separating the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a to both sides. Optionally, the number of insulating separators 403 can be one or more. The insulating element can be integrally formed on the first housing 411 and / or the second housing 421, or it can be fixedly disposed on the first housing 411 and / or the second housing 421 by means of fastener connection, snap-fit ​​connection, or plug-in connection.

[0200] With this configuration, by setting a gap E between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a, and by fitting the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a within the gap, the probability of arcing short circuit between the first connecting end 417a and the second connecting end 425a can be effectively reduced.

[0201] Please refer to Figures 15 to 17. In some embodiments, the size of the first box 401 in the width direction K of the first housing 411 is D, where 50mm ≤ D ≤ 120mm.

[0202] It should be understood that when the power distribution device 400 is assembled inside the battery device 100, the length direction L of the first housing 411 is set perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells inside the battery device 100, and the width direction K of the first housing 411 will be parallel to the arrangement direction of the battery cells.

[0203] In the width direction K of the first housing 411, the dimension D of the first box 401 refers to the largest dimension of the first box 401 in the width direction K of the first housing 411; it should be understood that in the width direction K of the first housing 411, the dimension D of the first box 401 is the same as the dimension of the power distribution device 400.

[0204] With this configuration, the size D of the first housing 401 in the width direction K of the first housing 411 is limited to greater than or equal to 50 mm and less than or equal to 120 mm. This can reduce the impact on the arrangement of the battery cells 20 inside the battery device 100 while satisfying the assembly of the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420, thereby reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0205] Please refer to Figures 15 to 17. In some embodiments, 85mm ≤ D ≤ 110mm.

[0206] In this embodiment, the size D of the first box 401 is limited to greater than or equal to 85mm and less than or equal to 110mm. This can further reduce the impact on the arrangement of the battery cells 20 inside the battery device 100 while satisfying the assembly of the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420, thereby further reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0207] The power distribution device 400 provided in this application will now be further described according to specific embodiments.

[0208] Example 1

[0209] Referring to Figures 4 to 14, in this embodiment, the power distribution device 400 includes a first housing 401, a second housing 402, a main positive module 410, and a main negative module 420. The main positive module 410 is disposed in the first housing 401, and the main negative module 420 is disposed in the second housing 402. In this way, the main positive module 410 and the main negative module 420 can be installed independently through the first housing 401 and the second housing 402.

[0210] The main positive module 410 includes a main positive electrical connector 417, a first housing 411, a first main relay 412, a second main relay 418, a fuse 413, a first current sensor 414, a pre-charge resistor 416, and a pre-charge relay 415. Along the length L of the first housing 411, the first current sensor 414, the pre-charge resistor 416, the pre-charge relay 415, the fuse 413, the first main relay 412, and the second main relay 418 are arranged sequentially.

[0211] The main positive connection 417 includes a first main positive connection portion 4171, a second main positive connection portion 4172, a third main positive connection portion 4173, a fourth main positive connection portion 4174, a fifth main positive connection portion 4175, and a sixth main positive connection portion 4176. The first main positive connection portion 4171 is disposed on the first housing 411 and is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110. A first current sensor 414 is disposed on the second main positive connection portion 4172, and one end of the second main positive connection portion 4172 is connected to the first main positive connection portion 4171. The other end of 2 is connected to the third main positive connection part 4173; the third main positive connection part 4173 is connected to the first end of the fuse 413, and the fourth main positive connection part 4174 is connected to the second end of the fuse 413; the fourth main positive connection part 4174 is also electrically connected to the first end of the first main relay 412 and the first end of the precharge relay 415, and the second end of the precharge relay 415 is connected to the first end of the precharge resistor 416 through a conductor; the fifth main positive connection part 4175 is connected to the second end of the first main relay 412 and the second end of the precharge resistor 416, and the fifth main positive connection is used to electrically connect to the positive terminal of the electrical device. The fifth main positive connection part 4175 is also connected to the first end of the second main relay 418, and the sixth main positive connection part 4176 is connected to the second end of the second main relay 418; the sixth main positive connection part 4176 is used to electrically connect to the positive terminal of the charging device.

[0212] The main negative module 420 includes a second housing 421, a second current sensor 424, a third main relay 422, a fourth main relay 423, and a main negative electrical connector 425; the third main relay 422, the fourth main relay 423, and the second current sensor 424 are arranged sequentially along the length direction J of the second housing 421.

[0213] The main negative terminal connector 425 includes a first main negative terminal connector 4251, a second main negative terminal connector 4252, a third main negative terminal connector 4253, a fourth main negative terminal connector 4254, and a fifth main negative terminal connector 4255. The first main negative terminal connector 4251 is disposed on the second housing 421 and is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110. The second main negative terminal connector 4252 is connected to the first main negative terminal connector 4251 and is also connected to the first terminal of the second current sensor 424. The third main negative connection part 4253 is connected to the second end of the second current sensor 424, and is also connected to the first end of the third main relay 422; the fourth main negative connection part 4254 is connected to the second end of the third main relay 422 and the first end of the fourth main relay 423, and is used to electrically connect to the negative terminal of the power supply device; the fifth main negative connection part 4255 is connected to the second end of the fourth main relay 423, and is used to electrically connect to the negative terminal of the charging device.

[0214] Example 2

[0215] Please refer to Figures 15 to 17. In this embodiment, the power distribution device 400 includes a first housing 401, a main positive module 410, and a main negative module 420, which are integrated within the first housing 401.

[0216] The main positive module 410 includes a main positive electrical connector 417, a first housing 411, a first main relay 412, a fuse 413, a first current sensor 414, a pre-charge resistor 416, and a pre-charge relay 415. Along the length L of the first housing 411, the first current sensor 414, the pre-charge resistor 416, the pre-charge relay 415, the fuse 413, and the first main relay 412 are arranged sequentially.

[0217] The main positive connection 417 includes a first main positive connection portion 4171, a second main positive connection portion 4172, a third main positive connection portion 4173, a fourth main positive connection portion 4174, and a fifth main positive connection portion 4175. The first main positive connection portion 4171 is disposed on the first housing 411 and is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly 110. A first current sensor 414 is disposed on the second main positive connection portion 4172, one end of the second main positive connection portion 4172 is connected to the first main positive connection portion 4171, and the other end of the second main positive connection portion 4172 is connected to the third main positive connection portion 4175. Part 4173; the third main positive connection part 4173 is connected to the first end of the fuse 413, and the fourth main positive connection part 4174 is connected to the second end of the fuse 413; the fourth main positive connection part 4174 is also electrically connected to the first end of the first main relay 412 and the first end of the precharge relay 415, and the second end of the precharge relay 415 is connected to the first end of the precharge resistor 416 through a conductor; the fifth main positive connection part 4175 is connected to the second end of the first main relay 412 and the second end of the precharge resistor 416, and the fifth main positive connection is used to connect the positive terminal of the electrical device or the positive terminal of the charging device.

[0218] The main negative module 420 includes a second housing 421, a second current sensor 424, a third main relay 422, and a main negative electrical connector 425. The third main relay 422 and the second current sensor 424 are arranged sequentially along the length J of the second housing 421. The length J of the second housing 421 is consistent with the length L of the first housing 411. Along the length L of the first housing 411, the end of the first housing 411 opposite to the first current sensor 414 is connected to the end of the second housing 421 opposite to the second current sensor 424, forming a single unit.

[0219] The main negative connection 425 includes a first main negative connection portion 4251, a second main negative connection portion 4252, a third main negative connection portion 4253, a fourth main negative connection portion 4254, and a fifth main negative connection portion. The first main negative connection portion 4251 is disposed on the second housing 421 and is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly 110. The second main negative connection portion 4252 is connected to the first main negative connection portion 4251 and is also connected to the first terminal of the second current sensor 424. The third main negative connection portion 4253 is connected to the second terminal of the second current sensor 424 and is also connected to the first terminal of the third main relay 422. The fourth main negative connection portion 4254 is connected to the second terminal of the third main relay 422 and the first terminal of the fourth main relay 423 and is used to electrically connect to the negative terminal of the electrical device or to electrically connect to the negative terminal of the charging device.

[0220] Referring to Figure 2, in a second aspect, this application also provides a battery device 100, including a housing 10, a battery cell assembly 110, and a power distribution device 400 as described above. The battery cell assembly 110 and the power distribution device 400 are housed within the housing 10, and the power distribution device 400 is electrically connected to the battery cell assembly 110.

[0221] The battery device 100 provided in this application embodiment includes the aforementioned power distribution device 400. The power distribution device 400 has little impact on the use of the internal space of the battery device 100, thereby the battery device 100 has a higher energy density.

[0222] Referring to Figure 1, in a third aspect, this application also provides an electrical device, including a battery device 100 as described above, which is used to provide electrical energy.

[0223] The electrical device provided in this application embodiment is, for example, the vehicle 1000 described above. The electrical device includes the battery device 100 described above, thereby improving the performance of the electrical device.

[0224] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power distribution device, characterized in that: include The main positive module includes a first housing, a first main relay, a fuse, and a first current sensor. Along the length of the first housing, the first current sensor, the fuse, and the first main relay are arranged sequentially inside the first housing. The first current sensor is electrically connected to a first end of the fuse, and the first end of the first main relay is electrically connected to a second end of the fuse.

2. The power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main positive module also includes a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor. In the length direction of the first housing, the pre-charge relay and the pre-charge resistor are arranged on the side of the fuse facing away from the first main relay, or the pre-charge relay and the pre-charge resistor are arranged on the side of the first main relay facing away from the fuse.

3. The power distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the length of the first housing, the precharge relay and the precharge resistor are arranged on the side of the fuse facing away from the first main relay, and the precharge relay is arranged between the first current sensor and the fuse; along the width of the first housing, the precharge relay and the first current sensor are arranged on the same side of the precharge resistor; wherein, the length of the first housing is perpendicular to the width of the first housing.

4. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The main positive module also includes a main positive electrical connector, which includes a first main positive connector, a second main positive connector, a third main positive connector, a fourth main positive connector, and a fifth main positive connector. The first main positive connection portion is disposed on the first housing; The first current sensor is disposed on the second main positive connection part, one end of the second main positive connection part is connected to the first main positive connection part, and the other end of the second main positive connection part is connected to the third main positive connection part; The third main positive connection is connected to the first end of the fuse, and the fourth main positive connection is connected to the second end of the fuse; the fourth main positive connection is also electrically connected to the first end of the first main relay. The fifth main positive connection is connected to the second terminal of the first main relay.

5. The power distribution device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main positive module also includes a second main relay, which is arranged on the side of the first main relay opposite to the fuse along the length of the first housing; the second terminal of the first main relay is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay; or, the second terminal of the fuse is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay.

6. The power distribution device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main positive electrical connector further includes a sixth main positive connection part, wherein the fifth main positive connection part is connected to the first terminal of the second main relay, and the sixth main positive connection part is connected to the second terminal of the second main relay.

7. The power distribution device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main positive electrical connector further includes a seventh main positive connection part and an eighth main positive connection part. The seventh main positive connection part is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second main relay and is also connected to the fourth main positive connection part. The eighth main positive connection part is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second main relay.

8. The power distribution device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first housing is provided with a first mounting part, which is located between the first main relay and the second main relay in the length direction of the first housing; the fourth main positive connection part and the seventh main positive connection part are connected to the first mounting part.

9. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The power distribution device also includes a main negative module, which includes a second housing and a third main relay, with the third main relay disposed on the second housing.

10. The power distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The main negative module also includes a fourth main relay, which is disposed on either side of the third main relay along the length direction of the second housing.

11. The power distribution device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The main negative module also includes a second current sensor, which is disposed on either side of the third main relay along the length of the second housing.

12. The power distribution device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The main negative module also includes a main negative electrical connector, which includes a first main negative connector, a second main negative connector, a third main negative connector and a fourth main negative connector; The first main negative connection portion is disposed on the second housing; The second main negative connection is connected to the first main negative connection, and the second main negative connection is also connected to the first end of the second current sensor; The third main negative connection is connected to the second end of the second current sensor, and the third main negative connection is also connected to the first end of the third main relay; The fourth main negative connection is connected to the second terminal of the third main relay.

13. The power distribution device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The main negative electrical connector further includes a fifth main negative connection part, wherein the fourth main negative connection part is connected to the first terminal of the fourth main relay, and the fifth main negative connection part is connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay.

14. The power distribution device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The main negative electrical connector further includes a sixth main negative connection part and a seventh main negative connection part; the sixth main negative connection part is connected to the first terminal of the fourth main relay, and the sixth main negative connection part is also connected to the third main negative connection part; the seventh main negative connection part is connected to the second terminal of the fourth main relay.

15. The power distribution device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second housing is provided with a second mounting part, which is located between the third main relay and the fourth main relay in the length direction of the second housing; the third main negative connection part and the sixth main negative connection part are connected to the second mounting part.

16. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that: The power distribution device also includes a first box and a second box, with the main positive module disposed in the first box and the main negative module disposed in the second box.

17. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that: The power distribution device also includes a first housing, in which the main positive module and the main negative module are both disposed; the first housing and the second housing are an integral structure, and the length direction of the first housing is parallel to the length direction of the second housing.

18. The power distribution device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The first housing is provided with a main positive electrical connector, which has a first connection end. The first connection end is electrically connected to the first main relay and is used to connect to the positive terminal of the electrical device or the positive terminal of the charging device. The second housing is provided with a main negative electrical connector, which has a second connection end. The second connection end is electrically connected to the third main relay and is used to connect to the negative terminal of the electrical device or the negative terminal of the charging device. Along the length of the first housing, there is a gap E between the first connecting end and the second connecting end; when the voltage of both the first connecting end and the second connecting end is less than or equal to 660V, 5mm≤E≤7mm; when the voltage of at least one of the first connecting end and the second connecting end is greater than 660V, 8mm≤E≤12mm. An insulating separator is also provided between the first housing and the second housing. The insulating separator is disposed in the gap between the first connecting end and the second connecting end and separates the first connecting end and the second connecting end.

19. The power distribution device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: In the width direction of the first housing, the dimension of the first box is D, 50mm≤D≤120mm.

20. The power distribution device according to claim 19, characterized in that: 85mm≤D≤110mm.

21. A battery device, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a battery cell assembly, and a power distribution device as described in any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the battery cell assembly and the power distribution device are housed within the housing, and the power distribution device is electrically connected to the battery cell assembly.

22. An electrical appliance, characterized in that: Includes the battery device as described in claim 21, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy.

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