A2 polyurethane insulating foams
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/077741
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
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Figure CN2025077741_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A2 POLYURETHANE INSULATING FOAMSCross Reference to other applications
[0001] None Background to the disclosure
[0002] A2 fire classification is one of the highest fire-retardant standards for building materials. There are two ways to achieve A2 fire classification described in GB 8624-2012 (Chinese national standard: Classification for burning behaviour of building materials and products) : 1. Calorific value ≤ 3 MJ / kg together with having a B class in the SBI test (fire growth rate index FIGRA0.2MJ ≤120 W / s, lateral flame spread not reach the long specimen wing, total heat release THR600s ≤ 7.5 MJ) ; and / or 2. Passing the non-combustibility test (mass loss Δm ≤ 50%, sustained flaming time tf ≤ 20s, temperature rise ΔT ≤ 50 ℃) together with having a B class in the SBI test.
[0003] There have been multiple attempts to achieve A2 fire classification for polyurethane foams. For example, by introducing high content inorganic fillers into the rigid polyurethane foam system to reduce the calorific value to 3 MJ / kg and pass the B class in the SBI test.
[0004] CN 108774306B describes blending inorganic fillers and fire retardants into a mixture firstly at 15-50 ℃; and then adding the polyol blend and isocyanate at a temperature of 15-30 ℃, mixing efficiently and finally pouring the resulting mixture into a mold at 30-90 ℃ to cure. This document does not mention equipment and process technology for industrial manufacturing of A2 polyurethane insulation materials based on high content inorganic fillers.
[0005] CN 113585504B &CN 113715250B describe an insulation foam that contains 65-95%surface modified fillers with particle size of 0.01 mm -2.0 mm. The foam is manufactured by reacting polyol blends and isocyanates through a high-pressure mixer, the mixture is then mixed with the fillers in a low-pressure mixer. The fillers are metered by a single screw. This equipment and process technology have the possibility of inefficient mixing. The reaction mixture easily blocks in the pipeline or mixing chamber due to the mixing of three components not in a single chamber. Additionally, small sized fillers (particle size at 0.01 mm level) do not have good dispersing and wetting when processed in such processing technology.
[0006] CN 112679938B describes a preparation containing components A (polyol blends) , B (isocyanates) and C (modified inorganic particle fillers) which are stored in three agitator tanks separately, the three components are mixed in a foaming machine and then extruded into a mold to foam and cure. This document does not provide any details about the manufacturing equipment.
[0007] CN 110358042A also describes a method for preparing an A2 foam that comprises firstly mixing the polyol blend with all the inorganic fillers then adding isocyanate into the mixture, stirring with the speed of 2500-3000 r / min, pouring the foam into a mold and curing. This document does not mention industrial manufacturing of A2 polyurethane insulation materials.
[0008] CN 113248907B describes the preparation of a composition containing 87.5-95 wt%inorganic fillers with density lower than 200 kg / m3. The method comprises firstly putting inorganic fillers into a mold and then spraying 5-12.5 wt%PU into the mold within 300s. The mixture is then reacted and cured. A composite polyurethane foam prepared by this method may not be homogeneous. This will have a discount on its overall physical performance. This document described the use of fillers with a low density, this process technology may not solve the problems when dealing with fillers with large density.
[0009] There is therefore a need to provide a method for preparing foams that meet the A2 fire standard that have the inorganic fillers evenly dispersed and that can be cured evenly whilst maintaining the good mechanical and insulation properties of a polyurethane foam.
[0010] The present disclosure relates to a process for preparing a polyurethane insulation board which meets the A2 fire protection requirements. The disclosure further relates to equipment useful for the production of said foam. The present disclosure solves the problem of mixing three components (two reactive polyurethane components and high content fillers as the third component) in a very short time meaning that there is good dispersion and wetting of filler.Detailed Description
[0011] The present disclosure will be described with respect to particular aspects and embodiments.
[0012] It is to be noticed that the term “comprising” , used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the means listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. It is thus to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the scope of the expression “a compound comprising components X and Y” should not be limited to compounds consisting only of components X and Y. It means that with respect to the present disclosure, the only relevant components of the compound are X and Y.
[0013] Throughout this specification, reference to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” are made. Such references indicate that a particular feature, described in relation to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, though they could. Furthermore, the particular features or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
[0014] It is to be understood that although preferred embodiments and / or materials have been discussed for providing embodiments according to the present disclosure, various modifications or changes may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure.
[0015] The terms “preferred” and “preferably” refer to embodiments that may afford certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful and is not intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0016] The term “optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.
[0017] Throughout this disclosure, the term “about” is used to indicate that a value includes the inherent variation of error for the quantifying device, mechanism, or method, or the inherent variation that exists among the subject (s) to be measured. For example, but not by way of limitation, when the term “about” is used, the designated value to which it refers may vary by plus or minus ten percent, or nine percent, or eight percent, or seven percent, or six percent, or five percent, or four percent, or three percent, or two percent, or one percent, or one or more fractions therebetween.
[0018] The phrases “or combinations thereof” and “and combinations thereof” as used herein refers to all permutations and combinations of the listed items preceding the term. For example, “A, B, C, or combinations thereof” is intended to include at least one of: A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC and, if order is important in a particular context, also BA, CA, CB, CBA, BCA, ACB, BAC, or CAB. Continuing with this example, expressly included are combinations that contain repeats of one or more items or terms such as BB, AAA, CC, AABB, AACC, ABCCCC, CBBAAA, CABBB, and so forth. The skilled artisan will understand that typically there is no limit on the number of items or terms in any combination, unless otherwise apparent from the context. In the same light, the terms “or combinations thereof” and “and combinations thereof” when used with the phrases “selected from” or “selected from the group consisting of” refers to all permutations and combinations of the listed items preceding the phrase.
[0019] Unless otherwise stated the term “a” or “an” is used to indicate one or more.
[0020] All references cited in the present specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In particular, the teachings of all references herein specifically referred to are incorporated by reference.
[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in describing the disclosure, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions are included to better appreciate the teaching of the present disclosure.
[0022] Throughout this application, different aspects of the disclosure are defined in more detail. Each aspect so defined may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous. Although the preferred embodiments of the disclosure have been disclosed for illustrative purpose, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions or substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
[0023] In a first aspect is described a method for preparing a polyurethane insulating foam, said method comprising: a) providing a composition A comprising at least one isocyanate-reactive compound and an inorganic filler powder composition comprising at least one inorganic powder (sometimes referred to herein as an “inorganic filler 1” ) with a particle size ≤ about 50 μm, preferably ≤ about 30 μm, most preferably ≤ about 20 μm; b) providing a composition B comprising at least one polyisocyanate-containing compound; c) providing a composition C comprising at least one inorganic filler sand (sometimes referred to herein as an “inorganic filler 2” ) with a particle size ≥ about 100 μm, preferably ≥ about 120 μm, most preferably ≥ about 150 μm; d) pre-heating composition C to a pre-defined setting temperature; e) metering and conveying composition A, composition B, and pre-heated composition C to a mixing chamber and mixing composition A, composition B and pre-heated composition C; f) optionally pouring the resultant mixture into a mold or a lamination machine; g) curing said mixture to produce a polyurethane foam; h) optionally demolding or cutting said polyurethane foam.
[0024] The polyurethane foam made by the method of the first aspect meets the requirements of A2 categorisation for fire protection. The above-described method solves the problems of the prior art in multiple ways.
[0025] For example, the method described above solves the problem of wetting and dispersing the high content of inorganic fillers in the invention by pre-mixing smaller inorganic fillers in the composition comprising an isocyanate reactive component. Inorganic powders with very large surface area are difficult to mix with all components at once when foaming to achieve the adequate dispersing and wetting. By mixing the inorganic powders with the isocyanate reactive blend first it is possible to fully disperse and wet the powders. This improves the mechanical properties of the resultant foam.
[0026] By pre-heating the larger sized inorganic particles in the inorganic filler 2 before mixing them with the isocyanate component and isocyanate reactive component it is possible to reduce the problem of the larger inorganic fillers acting as a heat sink and altering the curing time and hence resultant properties of the insulation foam.
[0027] By metering all the composition A, composition B, and composition C into a high speed mixing device it is possible to mix all the components effectively and sufficiently in a short time meaning that it is possible to continuously manufacture insulation foam boards.
[0028] When used herein, particle sizes refer to the D50. That is, the particle size is the size below which 50%of the material is contained. Particle size may be measured by any suitable method known to the skilled person. For example, dynamic light scattering, sieve analysis, laser diffraction, and direct imaging techniques. In some embodiments, laser diffraction is used.
[0029] An isocyanate-reactive compound is any compound containing a functional group capable of reacting with an isocyanate functional group. Suitable isocyanate-reactive compounds to be used in the process described herein include any of those known in the art for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. Of particular importance for the preparation of rigid foams are polyols and polyol mixtures having average hydroxyl numbers of from 50 to 1000, preferably 160 to 1000, especially from 200 to 700 mg KOH / g, and hydroxyl functionalities of from 2 to 8, especially from 2 to 6. Suitable polyols have been fully described in the prior art and include reaction products of alkylene oxides, for example ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, with initiators containing from 2 to 8 active hydrogen atoms per molecule. Suitable initiators include: polyols, for example glycerol, trimethylolpropane, triethanolamine, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and sucrose; polyamines, for example ethylene diamine, tolylene diamine (TDA) , diaminodiphenylmethane (DADPM) and polymethylene polyphenylene polyamines; and aminoalcohols, for example ethanolamine and diethanolamine; and mixtures of such initiators. Other suitable polymeric polyols include polyesters obtained by the condensation of appropriate proportions of glycols and higher functionality polyols with dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids, DMT-scrap or digestion of PET by glycols. Still further suitable polymeric polyols include hydroxyl-terminated polythioethers, polyamides, polyesteramides, polycarbonates, polyacetals, polyolefins and polysiloxanes. In other embodiments the isocyanate reactive composition includes one or more alcohols alone or optionally blended with one or more amines. Preferred examples of the isocyanate-reactive component include polyols.
[0030] An isocyanate containing component is any compound containing an isocyanate (-N=C=O) group. According to embodiments, the at least one isocyanate-containing compound / polyisocyanate composition comprises mixtures of polyisocyanates. For example, a mixture of tolylene diisocyanate isomers such as the commercially available mixtures of 2, 4-and 2, 6-isomers and also the mixture of di-and higher poly-isocyanates produced by phosgenation of aniline / formaldehyde condensates. Such mixtures are well-known in the art and include the crude phosgenation products containing mixtures of methylene bridged polyphenyl polyisocyanates, including diisocyanate, triisocyanate and higher polyisocyanates together with any phosgenation by-products.
[0031] Preferred isocyanate-containing compound / polyisocyanate composition are those wherein the polyisocyanate is an aromatic diisocyanate or polyisocyanate of higher functionality in particular crude mixtures of methylene bridged polyphenyl polyisocyanates containing diisocyanates, triisocyanate and higher functionality polyisocyanates. Methylene bridged polyphenyl polyisocyanates (e.g. methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, abbreviated as MDI) are well known in the art. They are prepared by phosgenation of corresponding mixtures of polyamines obtained by condensation of aniline and formaldehyde.
[0032] Other suitable isocyanate-containing compound / polyisocyanate composition may include isocyanate ended prepolymers made by reaction of an excess of a diisocyanate or higher functionality polyisocyanate with a hydroxyl ended polyester or hydroxyl ended polyether and products obtained by reacting an excess of diisocyanate or higher functionality polyisocyanate with a monomeric polyol or mixture of monomeric polyols such as ethylene glycol, trimethylol propane or butane-diol. One preferred class of isocyanate-ended prepolymers are the isocyanate ended prepolymers of the crude mixtures of methylene bridged polyphenyl polyisocyanates containing diisocyanates, triisocyanates and higher functionality polyisocyanates.
[0033] Inorganic filler 1 and inorganic filler 2 preferably have a bulk density ≥ 2 g / cm3. Inorganic filler 1 preferably has a particle size ≤ about 50 μm, preferably ≤ about 30 μm, most preferably ≤ about 20 μm. Inorganic filler 2 preferably has a particle size ≥ about 100 μm, preferably ≥ about 120 μm, most preferably ≥ about 150 μm. Examples of the inorganic filler 1 and inorganic filler 2 include bismuth oxide, zirconium (IV) oxide, iron (III) oxide, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, titanium (IV) , aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide and combinations thereof.
[0034] In some embodiments, Inorganic Filler 1, Inorganic Filler 2 or both Inorganic Filler 1 and Inorganic Filler 2 may comprise additional fillers with a bulk density lower than 2 g / cm3 provided that the total bulk density of the total Inorganic filler 1, Inorganic filler 2 or both Inorganic filler 1 and Inorganic filler 2 compositions is ≥ 2 g / cm3. Examples of the fillers with a bulk density lower than 2 g / cm3 include aluminium silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium fluoride, Iron (III) sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, silicon oxide, sodium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, perlite and combinations thereof. By combining one filler with a bulk density ≥ 2 g / cm3 and one filler with a bulk density < 2 g / cm3 it is possible to reduce the cost of preparing the foam of the present invention. Combining fillers also allows more latitude to the user to set the properties of the foam produced by the present invention.
[0035] When used herein the term “curing” or “cure” is intended to take its normal meaning in the art. Curing is a chemical process that produces the toughening or hardening of a polymer material by cross-linking of polymer chains. Curing is usually achieved by heating the mixture at a pre-determined temperature for a pre-determined amount of time.
[0036] In some embodiments, the composition C is pre-heated to a setting temperature of > about 25 ℃, preferably > about 30 ℃, most preferably > 35 ℃. By heating the composition C containing the inorganic filler prior to mixing with the isocyanate and isocyanate reactive composition it is possible to reduce the effect of the large fillers acting as a heat sink and disrupting the curing process.
[0037] In some embodiments, the composition A comprises: a. An inorganic filler 1 composition as described above; b. At least one isocyanate-reactive compound as described above; c. At least one physical blowing agent; d. At least one catalyst; e. Optionally at least one component selected from a surfactant, a chemical blowing agent, a chain extender, a crosslinker, an antioxidant, and a fire retardant; Wherein said inorganic filler 1 composition has the particle size ≤ about 50 μm, preferably ≤ about 30 μm, most preferably ≤ about 20 μm.
[0038] Physical blowing agents (PBAs) undergo a change of state during processing, while chemical blowing agents (CBAs) usually solids, undergo a decomposition reaction during processing that results in formation of a gas. PBAs are usually gases or volatile liquids. Mixed physical / chemical blowing agents are used to produce flexible PU foams with very low densities. Here both the chemical and physical blowing agents can be used in tandem to balance each other out with respect to thermal energy released and absorbed, minimizing temperature rise. Examples of suitable PBAs for use in the method include Physical blowing agents such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) , hydrocarbons (e.g. pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane) , and liquid CO2. Examples of suitable CBAs include water.
[0039] In some embodiments, composition B comprises: a. At least one polyisocyanate-containing compound; b. Optionally at least one physical blowing agent.
[0040] In some embodiments, the total amount of inorganic filler 1 and inorganic filler 2 is about 50 to about 95 wt%, preferably about 75 to about 95 wt %, most preferably about 80 to about 90 wt%based on the total weight of all reaction components.
[0041] By maintaining such a high content of inorganic filler it is possible to meet the calorific value ≤ 3 MJ / kg requirement of the A2 classification.
[0042] In some embodiments, inorganic filler 1 is present in an amount of about 5 to about 80 wt%, preferably about 5 to about 60 wt %, more preferably about 10 to about 50wt%based on the total weight of inorganic filler 1 and 2.
[0043] In some embodiments, the inorganic filler composition has bulk density higher than 2 g / cm3, higher than 2.1 g / cm3, more preferably higher than 2.2 g / cm3, even more preferably higher than 2.4 g / cm3. A higher density filler means that less volume is required which improves the processing and mixing which results in better mechanical performance.
[0044] In some embodiments, curing takes place at a temperature of between about 30 ℃and about 60 ℃. In some embodiments, the curing takes place for a time of between about 5 minutes and about 45 minutes.
[0045] The equipment (or system) for preparing polyurethane insulation foam is shown in figure 1. In an aspect of the disclosure, the equipment comprises: a. a storage unit (A) fluidly connected to a mixing unit via a metering pump (MA) ; b. a storage unit (B) fluidly connected to the mixing unit via a metering pump (MB) ; c. a heating and / or cooling means fluidly connected to a temperature- controlled storage unit (C) which is fluidly connected to a hopper; d. the hopper which is fluidly connected to a means for metering and conveying a filler to the mixing unit; wherein the mixing unit comprises a high-speed motor adapted to drive a mixing head situated inside a reaction chamber; and wherein the mixing unit comprises an exit configured to convey the contents of the mixing unit to a mold or to a lamination-based production line.
[0046] In some embodiments, the storage unit (C) is adapted to hold an inorganic sand with a particle size (D50) ≥ about 100 μm, preferably ≥ about 120 μm, most preferably ≥about 150 μm.
[0047] In some embodiments, the means for metering and conveying a powder are adapted for metering and conveying an inorganic sand with a particle size ≥100 μm, preferably ≥ 120 μm, most preferably ≥ 150 μm.
[0048] In some embodiments, the means for metering and conveying a powder comprises a helicoid screw rotating in an enclosing tube or open u-tube. A schematic of such a helicoid screw is shown in Figure 2.
[0049] In some embodiments, the equipment is adapted to perform the method described above.
[0050] In an aspect is provided a polyurethane insulating foam produced by the method described above. The polyurethane insulating foam has calorific value ≤ 3 MJ / kg, a fire growth rate index FIGRA0.2 MJ ≤120 W / s, a lateral flame spread not reach the long specimen wing, and total heat release THR600 s ≤ 7.5 MJ or wherein the polyurethane insulating foam passes a non-combustibility test wherein mass loss Δm ≤ 50%, sustained flaming time tf ≤ 20s , and temperature rise ΔT ≤ 50 ℃, and has a B class in the SBI test. Figures
[0051] Figure 1 shows a schematic of the equipment for preparing the foam of the invention.
[0052] Figure 2 shows a schematic of the helicoid screw useful for conveying and metering composition C to the mixing chamber.
[0053] Figure 1 shows equipment useful for producing the polyurethane insulation foam of the invention. The equipment takes the form of a mixing unit 44 which is connected to or feeds into a mold-based production unit 34 and / or a lamination-based production unit 30.The mixing unit comprises–tank A, tank B, and hopper C, each of which is adapted to store composition A which comprises at least one isocyanate-reactive compound and an inorganic filler 1 composition; composition B comprising at least one polyisocyanate-containing compound; and composition C comprising at least one inorganic filler 2 respectively. Tank A, tank B, and hopper C may also be configured to heat, cool or maintain the compositions at a desired temperature.
[0054] Tank A is fluidly connected via metering pump (MA) 8 to mixing chamber 36. TankB is fluidly connected via metering pump (MB) 10 to mixing chamber 36. Hopper C is fluidly connected to filler hopper 40 via connection 42. Filler hopper 40 is adapted to store composition C comprising inorganic filler 2 at a predefined temperature. Filler hopper 40 is adapted to release composition C into filler conveying and metering device 38. In some embodiments, filler conveying and metering device 38 is a helical screw adapted to convey the composition C into the mixing chamber 36.
[0055] Mixing chamber 36 is adapted to receive composition A, composition B, and composition C and mix them, optionally at a pre-defined temperature. Mixing chamber 36 therefore contains some means for mixing the compositions. For example, the mixing means may be a laminar flow mixer, turbulent flow mixer, a bulk mixer, vortex mixer, or a ball mill mixer. In a preferred embodiment, the mixing means is a high-speed motor attached to mixing head 12.
[0056] The foamed mixture 14 is released from the mixing chamber 36. The foamed mixture may then be released to a molding process or a continuous lamination process. When molding the foam 14 may be poured directly into a mold 32. The resultant insulation foam slab 18 can then be removed from the mold 16. Alternatively, the foam mixture may be continuously placed onto a production line 30. The foam mixture 14 may be poured onto the underlayer by uncoiling 28, then foaming to the upper layer by uncoiling 20, and underlayer moving and foam curing in the lamination 26. The resultant insulation board can be cut and stacked 24.
[0057] Figure 2 shows a cross section of a helical screw suitable for use as a metering and conveying device in the invention. Examples
[0058] All materials were supplied by Huntsman unless otherwise mentioned.
[0059] A polyol blend was prepared with the composition described in Table 1 below: Table 1: Composition of a polyol blend.
[0060] Various foams were made as described below in Table 2. Example 1 (Comparative)
[0061] The polyol blend (A) , polyisocyanate blend (B) and filler blend (C) were foamed and mixed by hand. Example 2 (Comparative)
[0062] The same composition as Example 1 was prepared but processed in the equipment of the present disclosure. Example 3
[0063] Composition A is the premixture of the polyol blend as in Example 1 and BaSO4 powder, Composition C is only the BaSO4 sand. The three compositions were processed in the equipment of the present disclosure including the preheating steps.
[0064] The physical properties of the produced foams were measured and are noted below. Tests were performed using the standards listed in the table. Physical properties
[0065] The results above demonstrate that foams made using the equipment and method described herein have superior mechanical properties whilst maintaining excellent flame resistance and low heat of combustion.
Claims
1.A method for preparing a polyurethane insulating foam, said method comprising:a) providing a composition A comprising at least one isocyanate-reactive compound and an inorganic filler 1 composition comprising at least one surface modified inorganic powder with a particle size ≤ about 50 μm, preferably ≤ about 30 μm, most preferably ≤ about 20 μm;b) providing a composition B comprising at least one polyisocyanate-containing compound;c) providing a composition C comprising an inorganic filler 2 composition comprising at least one inorganic filler with a particle size ≥ about 100 μm, preferably ≥ about 120 μm, most preferably ≥ about 150 μm;d) pre-heating composition C to a setting temperature;e) metering and conveying composition A, composition B, and composition C to a mixing chamber and mixing;f) optionally pouring the resultant mixture into a mold or lamination machine;g) curing said mixture to produce a polyurethane foam;h) optionally demolding or cutting said polyurethane foam.2.The method of claim 1, wherein composition C is pre-heated to a setting temperature > about 25 ℃, preferably > about 30 ℃, most preferably > 35 ℃.3.The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the composition A comprises:a. Inorganic filler 1 composition;b. At least one isocyanate-reactive compound;c. At least one physical blowing agent;d. At least one catalyst;e. Optionally at least one component selected from a surfactant, a chemical blowing agent, a chain extender, a crosslinker, an antioxidant, and a fire retardant;Wherein said inorganic filler 1 composition comprises an inorganic filler particle that has the particle size ≤ about 50 μm, preferably ≤ about 30 μm, most preferably ≤ about 20 μm.4.The method of any preceding claim, wherein composition B comprises:a. At least one polyisocyanate-containing compound;b. Optionally at least one physical blowing agent.5.The method of any preceding claim, wherein the total amount of inorganic filler particle in the inorganic filler 1 and inorganic filler 2 is about 50 to about 95 wt%, preferably about 75 to about 95 wt %, most preferably about 80 to about 90 wt%based on the total weight of all reaction components.6.The method of any preceding claim, wherein the amount of inorganic filler particle in the inorganic filler 1 is present in an amount of about 5 to about 80 wt%, preferably about 5 to about 60 wt %, more preferably about 10 to about 50wt%based on the total weight of inorganic filler 1 and 2.7.The method of any preceding claim, wherein the inorganic filler 1 composition has a bulk density greater than 2 g / cm3, preferably greater than 2.1 g / cm3, more preferably greater than 2.2 g / cm3, even more preferably greater than 2.4 g / cm3.8.The method of any preceding claim, wherein the inorganic filler 2 has a bulk density greater than 2 g / cm3, preferably greater than 2.1 g / cm3, more preferably greater than 2.2 g / cm3, even more preferably greater than 2.4 g / cm3.9.The method of any preceding claim, wherein curing takes place at a temperature of between about 30 ℃ and about 60 ℃.10.The method of any preceding claim, wherein the curing takes place for a time of between about 5 minutes and 45 minutes.11.Equipment for preparing a polyurethane insulation foam, said equipment comprising:a. a storage unit (A) fluidly connected to a mixing unit via a metering pump (MA) ;b. a storage unit (B) fluidly connected to the mixing unit via a metering pump (MB) ;c. a heating means fluidly connected to a temperature-controlled storage unit (C) which is fluidly connected to a temperature-controlled hopper, wherein said temperature-controlled hopper is fluidly connected to a means for metering and conveying a powder to the mixing unit;wherein the mixing unit comprises a high-speed motor adapted to drive a mixing head situated inside a reaction chamber; andwherein the mixing unit comprises an exit configured to deliver the contents of the mixing unit to a mold or to a lamination-based production line.12.The equipment of claim 11, wherein storage unit (C) is adapted to hold an inorganic filler composition comprising an inorganic filler with a particle size ≥ about 100 μm, preferably ≥ about 120 μm, most preferably ≥ about 150 μm.13.The equipment of claim 11 or claim 12, wherein the means for metering and conveying a powder are adapted for metering and conveying an inorganic sand with a particle size ≥100 μm, preferably ≥ 120 μm, most preferably ≥ 150 μm.14.The equipment of any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the means for metering and conveying a powder comprises a helicoid screw rotating in an enclosing tube or open u-tube.15.The equipment of any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the equipment is adapted to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.16.A polyurethane insulating foam produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.17.The polyurethane insulating foam according to claim 16, wherein the polyurethane insulating foam has calorific value ≤ 3 MJ / kg, a fire growth rate index FIGRA0.2 MJ ≤120 W / s, a lateral flame spread that does not reach the long specimen wing, and total heat release THR600 s ≤ 7.5 MJ or wherein the polyurethane insulating foam passes a non-combustibility test wherein mass loss Δm ≤ 50%, sustained flaming time tf ≤ 20s, and temperature rise ΔT ≤ 50 ℃, and has a B class in the SBI test.