PBCH transmission
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/073224
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images

Figure CN2026073224_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
PBCH TRANSMISSIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to methods and apparatus for enhancing physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) transmission.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , a sixth generation NodeB, or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] In 5G new radio (NR) systems, PBCH is designed based on 5MHz bandwidth. Resource block (RB) level puncture is used for PBCH transmission on 3MHz bandwidth. In addition, for radio resource management (RRM) in 3MHz bandwidth, only synchronization signal block (SSB) based RRM is supported, while CSI-RS is not supported in 3MHz bandwidth. Further enhancements on PBCH transmission and CSI-RS transmission are needed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present invention provides methods, apparatus, and systems for supporting PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission.
[0005] In a first aspect of the solution, a UE receives from a base station, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part. The UE decodes the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part.
[0006] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. A part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part comprises remaining bits after puncturing from the PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth.
[0007] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth. The second resource part comprises one of the following: two symbols with 12 resource blocks (RBs) per symbol; one symbol with 16 RBs per symbol; or two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol. The second resource part starts at a next downlink symbol following the first resource part.
[0008] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. The second resource part is in a next slot following the first resource part.
[0009] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part share a same encoding chain. A part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part are determined from a same set of coded bits.
[0010] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part is associated with a first puncture pattern. The first puncture pattern is based on one of the following: puncturing bits corresponding to first 4 RBs and last 4 RBs per symbol on three symbols of the first resource part; puncturing a last portion of bits from a set of coded bits; or puncturing bits based on a bit reliability.
[0011] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first puncture pattern has a predefined pattern type.
[0012] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining the first puncture pattern based on at least one of a sequence of a PBCH DMRS received on the first resource part or a sequence of a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) received together with a part of the PBCH transmission on the first resource part.
[0013] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part comprises one of the following: 2N bits selected from a set of coded bits, wherein the 2N bits are consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index, or the 2N bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability; bits punctured on the first resource part; or M bits punctured on the first resource part and 2N-M bits selected from a set of coded bits, wherein the 2N-M bits are consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index, or the 2N-M bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability; wherein N is equal to a number of REs excluding PBCH DMRS for the second resource part.
[0014] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission is received on a portion of the second resource part, a transmission power of the part of the PBCH transmission on the portion of the second resource part is higher than a transmission power of a part of the PBCH transmission on the first resource part, and remaining portions of the second resource part are muted.
[0015] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second resource part comprises two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol. The portion of the second resource part comprises the two symbols with 12 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol, and the remaining portions of the second resource part comprise the two symbols with remaining 3 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol.
[0016] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part is associated with a second puncture pattern. The first puncture pattern is different from the second puncture pattern.
[0017] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second puncture pattern has a predefined pattern type.
[0018] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining the second puncture pattern based on at least one of a sequence of a PBCH DMRS received on the second resource part or a sequence of an SSS received together with a part of the PBCH transmission on the second resource part.
[0019] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second puncture pattern is based on one of the following: puncturing bits corresponding to centered RBs per symbol on two symbols of the second resource part; puncturing a first portion of bits from the set of coded bits; or puncturing bits based on a bit reliability.
[0020] In a second aspect of the solution, a UE receives, from the base station, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set. The UE determines to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The UE receives CSI-RS from the base station based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set, and performs radio resource management (RRM) based on the received CSI-RS.
[0021] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) signaling. The RRC signaling comprises at least one of the following: respective identities (IDs) of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, time-frequency domain location information of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, quasi co-location (QCL) information associated a synchronization signal block (SSB) for the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, or a number of CSI-RS transmission occasions in one triggering burst.
[0022] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set comprises respective configuration information for each of the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, wherein respective configuration information for the CSI-RS resource set comprises at least one of the following: an ID of the CSI-RS resource set, respective IDs of CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set, or respective cell IDs for CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set.
[0023] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the base station, an indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set. The indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set is carried in a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or in a DCI.
[0024] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the base station, an indication for triggering CSI-RS transmission, wherein the indication for triggering CSI-RS transmission is carried in a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; and receiving, from the base station, an indication of the CSI-RS resource set. The indication of the CSI-RS resource set is carried in a MAC CE or in a DCI.
[0025] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the CSI-RS is received based on a CSI-RS pattern. The CSI-RS pattern has a frequency density of 6 or 12. The CSI-RS pattern is associated with an extension in subcarriers based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3.
[0026] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the CSI-RS is received based on a CSI-RS pattern. The CSI-RS pattern occupies multiple symbols. The CSI-RS pattern is associated with an extension in symbols based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 and one symbol.
[0027] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the base station, a symbol number and an indication of symbol indexes for the CSI-RS pattern; and determine the CSI-RS pattern based on the symbol number and the symbol indexes.
[0028] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: performing at least one of automatic gain control (AGC) or time-frequency synchronization based on the received CSI-RS.
[0029] In a third aspect of the solution, a base station encodes a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part. The base station transmits, to a user equipment (UE) , the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the second resource part.
[0030] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. A part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the first resource part comprises remaining bits after puncturing from the PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth.
[0031] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth. The second resource part comprises one of the following: two symbols with 12 resource blocks (RBs) per symbol; one symbol with 16 RBs per symbol; or two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol. The second resource part starts at a next downlink symbol following the first resource part.
[0032] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. The second resource part is in a next slot following the first resource part.
[0033] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the second resource part share a same encoding chain. A part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the second resource part are determined from a same set of coded bits.
[0034] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the first resource part is associated with a first puncture pattern. The first puncture pattern is based on one of the following: puncturing bits corresponding to first 4 RBs and last 4 RBs per symbol on three symbols of the first resource part; puncturing a last portion of bits from a set of coded bits; or puncturing bits based on a bit reliability.
[0035] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first puncture pattern has a predefined pattern type.
[0036] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first puncture pattern is associated with at least one of a sequence of a PBCH DMRS transmitted on the first resource part or a sequence of a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) transmitted together with a part of the PBCH transmission on the first resource part.
[0037] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the second resource part comprises one of the following: 2N bits selected from a set of coded bits, wherein the 2N bits are consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index, or the 2N bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability; bits punctured on the first resource part; or M bits punctured on the first resource part and 2N-M bits selected from a set of coded bits, wherein the 2N-M bits are consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index, or the 2N-M bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability. N is equal to a number of REs excluding PBCH DMRS for the second resource part
[0038] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission is transmitted on a portion of the second resource part, a transmission power of the part of the PBCH transmission on the portion of the second resource part is higher than a transmission power of a part of the PBCH transmission on the first resource part, and remaining portions of the second resource part are muted.
[0039] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second resource part comprises two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol. The portion of the second resource part comprises the two symbols with 12 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol, and the remaining portions of the second resource part comprise the two symbols with remaining 3 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol.
[0040] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a part of the PBCH transmission transmitted on the second resource part is associated with a second puncture pattern. The first puncture pattern is different from the second puncture pattern.
[0041] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second puncture pattern has a predefined pattern type.
[0042] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second puncture pattern is associated with least one of a sequence of a PBCH DMRS transmitted on the second resource part or a sequence of an SSS transmitted together with a part of the PBCH transmission on the second resource part.
[0043] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second puncture pattern is based on one of the following: puncturing bits corresponding to centered RBs per symbol on two symbols of the second resource part; puncturing a first portion of bits from the set of coded bits; or puncturing bits based on a bit reliability.
[0044] In a fourth aspect of the solution, a base station transmits, to the UE, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set. The base station determines to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The base station transmits, to the UE, CSI-RS for radio resource management (RRM) based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set.
[0045] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) signaling. The RRC signaling comprises at least one of the following: respective identities (IDs) of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, time-frequency domain location information of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, quasi co-location (QCL) information associated a synchronization signal block (SSB) for the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, or a number of CSI-RS transmission occasions in one triggering burst.
[0046] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set comprises respective configuration information for each of the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, wherein respective configuration information for the CSI-RS resource set comprises at least one of the following: an ID of the CSI-RS resource set, respective IDs of CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set, or respective cell IDs for CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set.
[0047] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, an indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set. The indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set is carried in a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or in a DCI.
[0048] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the UE, an indication for triggering CSI-RS transmission, wherein the indication for triggering CSI-RS transmission is carried in a physical random access channel (PRACH) ; and transmit, to the UE, an indication of the CSI-RS resource set. The indication of the CSI-RS resource set is carried in a MAC CE or in a DCI.
[0049] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the CSI-RS is transmitted based on a CSI-RS pattern. The CSI-RS pattern has a frequency density of 6 or 12. The CSI-RS pattern is associated with an extension in subcarriers based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3.
[0050] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the CSI-RS is transmitted based on a CSI-RS pattern. The CSI-RS pattern occupies multiple symbols. The CSI-RS pattern is associated with an extension in symbols based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 and one symbol.
[0051] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, a symbol number and an indication of symbol indexes for the CSI-RS pattern.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0052] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0053] FIG. 1B illustrates an example diagram of the time-frequency resource location of an SSB in related solutions.
[0054] FIG. 1C illustrates an information element (IE) CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility in related solutions.
[0055] FIG. 2 illustrates an example process that supports PBCH transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0056] FIG. 3A illustrates an example diagram of a time-frequency resource for PBCH in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0057] FIG. 3B illustrates another example diagram of a time-frequency resource for PBCH in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0058] FIG. 4 illustrates an example process that supports CSI-RS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0059] FIG. 5 illustrates an example diagram of on-demand CSI-RS for RRM measurement in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0060] FIGS. 6A through 6C illustrate example diagrams of CSI-RS patterns in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0061] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a device that supports PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0062] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a processor that supports PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0063] FIGS. 9 through 10 illustrate flowcharts of methods that support PBCH transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0064] FIGS. 11 through 12 illustrate flowcharts of methods that support CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0065] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0066] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0067] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0068] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0069] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0070] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0071] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 6GR (6G Radio) , 5G NR, long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0072] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a 6G NB, a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto BS, a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
[0073] As used herein, the term “terminal device” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, a user equipment (UE) , an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a gaming terminal device, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an internet of things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “terminal device, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0074] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.
[0075] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 6G network, such as an 6GR network. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0076] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) ) , a 6G NB, or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0077] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0078] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0079] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0080] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0081] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0082] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0083] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0084] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0085] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0086] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0087] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G core (5GC) , or a 6G core (6GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0088] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0089] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0090] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0091] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0092] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0093] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0094] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0095] In 5G NR, SSB is used for cell search during initial access, which includes primary synchronization signal (PSS) / secondary synchronization signal (SSS) / PBCH and one beam is associated with one SSB to achieve beamforming gain for good coverage. For PBCH, it uses resource elements (REs) from 20 RBs of 2 symbols around PSS / SSS and 96 REs of SSS symbol. FIG. 1B illustrates an example diagram of the time-frequency resource location of an SSB in 5G NR. Table 1 shows the detailed RE location as specified in Table 7.4.3.1-1 in 3GPP TS 38.211. Table 1: Resources within an SS / PBCH block for PSS, SSS, PBCH, and DM-RS for PBCH
[0096] In 5G NR systems, for 3MHz channel bandwidth (BW) , for the new synchronization raster point (=920.73MHz, GSCN 41637 on band n100) , UE supports 12 PRB BWP; while for other new synchronization raster points, UE supports 15 PRB BWP. For transmission bandwidth [s] of <5MHz, for PBCH, in the case [s] that available PRBs for PBCH transmission is less than 20PRB, PBCH transmission is based on RB-level puncturing (i.e., PBCH encoding is based on 20PRB. The encoded bits and DMRS are mapped to 20PRBs based on legacy SSB structure, and those PRBs that fall outside of available PRBs for PBCH transmission are punctured) . It is proposed that for 12PRBs PBCH transmission BW for 3MHz channel BW, the upper 4PRBs and lower 4PRBs of NR 20PRBs PBCH are punctured; otherwise, for 12PRBs PBCH transmission BW for 3MHz channel BW, the upper 4PRBs and lower 4PRBs of NR 20PRBs PBCH are not used. In addition, in 5G NR systems, for 3MHz channel bandwidth in all bands (max channel utilization 15 PRBs) , the PBCH transmission bandwidth is 12 PRBs.
[0097] For 5G NR systems, PBCH is designed based on 5MHz bandwidth. RB level puncture is used for PBCH transmission on 3MHz bandwidth. However, the PBCH performance would be degraded by the puncture scheme. For example, for PBCH transmission on 3MHz bandwidth, almost 2.5dB performance gap is observed by puncture of 12RBs.
[0098] For 6GR design, it targets scalable and forward compatible design for diverse device types, where it may support bandwidth ranging from smallest bandwidth (e.g., 3 MHz) to the maximum supported BW (e.g., 200 MHz) . In 6G systems with 3MHz bandwidth, it is proposed to support the common signals / channels (at least for SSB) for initial access by assuming bandwidth larger than 3MHz, which is applicable to any spectrum allocations with adjustment, if applicable. In particular, the SSB design should be based on 5MHz bandwidth, where the designed SSB can be applicable to any bandwidth including 3MHz. Moreover, cluster-based SSB transmission may be used for network energy saving, where SSB combination between clusters is not expected because of large delay and possible change of PBCH content. It is desirable to decode PBCH with smaller combination number and reduce decoding delay. Thus, there is a need to improve PBCH performance, especially in case of 3MHz bandwidth.
[0099] Another aspect relates to CSI-RS for RRM measurement for 3MHz bandwidth. FIG. 1C illustrates an IE CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility in 5G NR. The IE CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility as specified in TS 38.331 is used to configure CSI-RS based RRM measurements. In 5G NR systems, the UE is not expected to use CSI-RS for RRM measurements for dedicated spectrum less than 5MHz transmission BW. For RRM in 3MHz bandwidth, only SSB based RRM is supported. In other words, CSI-RS is not supported in 3MHz bandwidth.
[0100] For 6G system, a cluster structure may be used for cell-common signaling (e.g., synchronization signal (s) , broadcast PDCCH, SIB-1, SIB, paging, PRACH) , where a longer period (such as 160ms) may be used for energy saving. The cluster structure for SSB may have impact on RRM measurement accuracy especially for UE with high speed in RRC connected state and at the cell edge.
[0101] Moreover, there is only limited RE number of CSI-RS considering only 12 or 15 usable RBs in 3MHz bandwidth. That is, for 3MHz bandwidth, only 12 or 15 RBs may be used for CSI-RS transmission. Under the restriction, even if CSI-RS is supported in 3MHz bandwidth, only 12 or 15 REs is included in one CSI-RS resource given that 1 port CSI-RS is used for RRM. It may not guarantee the RRM measurement accuracy on account of limited REs for measurement, in particular for UEs with bad channel quality.
[0102] In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution to resolve at least some of the above issues that occurred in the communication system with 3MHz bandwidth or any other applicable issue that the solution can solve. In a first aspect of the solution, a UE receives from a base station, a PBCH transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part. The UE decodes the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part. In this way, by introducing additional resources for PBCH transmission, the PBCH performance may be improved. In a second aspect of the solution, a UE receives a configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set from the base station, and determines to trigger one of the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The UE receives CSI-RS from the base station based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set, and performs RRM based on the received CSI-RS. In this way, the triggering signaling scheme for on-demand CSI-RS for RRM measurement may be designed, thus improving the RRM measurement accuracy and communication performance.
[0103] It should be understood that although the present disclosure is introduced from the perspective of 3MHz bandwidth, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the system with 3MHz bandwidth, and may also be applied in other applicable systems. It is to be understood that the terms used herein may be interchangeably used with other terminologies (but with same or similar functions) that might be used in future wireless communication system such as 6G.
[0104] FIG. 2 illustrates an example process 200 that supports PBCH transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the process 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 1A. The process 200 may involve the UE 104 and the network entity 102 as shown in FIG. 1A. The network entity 102 may be implemented as a base station. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that the process 200 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0105] As shown in FIG. 2, the base station 102 encodes (202) a PBCH transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part. After encoding the PBCH transmission, the base station 102 transmits (204) the PBCH transmission 206 on the first resource part and the second resource part to the UE 104. Accordingly, the UE 104 receives (208) the PBCH transmission 206 from the base station 102. The UE 104 decodes (210) the PBCH transmission 206 based on the PBCH transmission 206 received on the first resource part and the second resource part. In other words, two parts of resources can be used for PBCH transmission.
[0106] In some embodiments, the first resource part may be a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. A part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the first resource part may include remaining bits after puncturing from the PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. In other words, the first resource part for PBCH transmission may be the resource on 3MHz bandwidth from the PBCH resource defined for 5MHz bandwidth. The first resource part for PBCH transmission may apply a same or different puncture pattern as that in 5G NR systems. In a specific example, the first resource part for PBCH transmission may include 2 symbols with 12RBs per symbol. In another example, the first resource part for PBCH transmission may include 2 symbols with 16RBs per symbol.
[0107] In some embodiments, the second resource part may be a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth. The second resource part may start at a next downlink symbol following the first resource part. In some examples, the second resource part may include two symbols with 12 RBs per symbol. In some alternative examples, the second resource part may include one symbol with 16 RBs per symbol. In some alternative examples, the second resource part may include two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol. The second resource part on one or multiple OFDM symbols within 3MHz bandwidth is an additional resource part used for enhanced PBCH transmission, where the PBCH symbol location in the additional resource part may be different from that of the first resource part for PBCH, and the symbol location of the additional resource part may be in one or two symbols following the first resource part for PBCH in the same slot. By providing additional resource part for PBCH within the same slot, the PBCH performance may be enhanced.
[0108] FIG. 3A illustrates an example diagram of a time-frequency resource for PBCH in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example shown in FIG. 3A, the first resource part for PBCH includes 2 symbols (e.g., symbol #1 and symbol #3) with 12RBs per symbol, which is based on puncturing upper 4PRBs and lower 4PRBs from 20PRBs PBCH for 5MHz resource. The second resource part for PBCH includes another two symbols (e.g., symbol #4 and symbol #5 within the same slot) with 12 or 15 RBs per symbol. It should be understood that the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the PBCH transmission on the second resource part may be regarded as one PBCH transmission.
[0109] In some alternative embodiments, the second resource part may be a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth. The second resource part may be in a next slot following the first resource part. The second resource part is an additional resource part used for enhanced PBCH transmission. For example, the second resource part may be another PBCH resource with the same time-frequency location as the first resource part but shifting in the time domain. In other words, the PBCH symbol location in the additional resource part may be the same as that of the first resource part for PBCH, and the symbol location of the additional resource part may be the same as in the first resource part for PBCH but with slot shifting. By providing additional resource part for PBCH with the same time-frequency location as the first resource part but with slot shifting, the PBCH performance may be enhanced.
[0110] FIG. 3B illustrates another example diagram of a time-frequency resource for PBCH in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example shown in FIG. 3A, the first resource part for PBCH includes 2 symbols (e.g., symbol #1 and symbol #3) with 12RBs per symbol, which is based on puncturing upper 4PRBs and lower 4PRBs from 20PRBs PBCH for 5MHz resource. The second resource part for PBCH is in the next slot following the first resource part and includes the same time-frequency location as the first resource part. It should be understood that the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the PBCH transmission on the second resource part may be regarded as one PBCH transmission.
[0111] In some embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may share a same encoding chain. A part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may be determined from a same set of coded bits. For example, for the PBCH transmission schemes, the coding and rate matching chain may be made based on resource of 5MHz bandwidth, e.g., 48RBs or 432REs excluding PBCH DMRS in 5G system. They are stored in the circular buffer for determining bits for PBCH transmission on the first and second resource part. The PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the PBCH transmission on the second resource part are thus encoded based on the same PBCH contents.
[0112] In some example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the first resource part may be associated with a first puncture pattern. In other words, for the first resource part, some bits are punctured based on the first puncture pattern and remaining bits are transmitted on the first resource part. In some examples, the first puncture pattern for the first resource part may be based on puncturing bits corresponding to first 4 RBs and last 4 RBs per symbol on three symbols of the first resource part. In other words, the bits mapped on the first 4RBs and last 4RBs of 3 OFDM symbols are punctured for the first resource part, which is the same as puncture scheme used in 5G system. In some alternative examples, the first puncture pattern may be based on puncturing a last portion of bits from a set of coded bits. For example, the second half bits after rate matching are punctured for the first resource part. In some alternative examples, the first puncture pattern may be based on a bit reliability. For example, the first puncture pattern may be determined by puncturing the bits with lower reliability. For example, for the first resource part, the bits with high reliability may be selected to be transmitted on the first resource part. For polar codes, the information bits and CRC bits may be put on the location with high reliability. Thus, these high reliability bits may be protected (i.e., without puncture on them) , thus guaranteeing decoding performance of Polar code. In detail, the puncture pattern for the first resource part may be designed based on reliability of bits, where the bits with lower priority are punctured firstly until the bit number of remaining bits is equal to the transmitted bit number of the first resource part. The bit reliability may be determined according to bit location based on Table 5.3.1.2-1 in TS 38.212.
[0113] In some examples, the first puncture pattern may have a predefined pattern type. Alternatively, the first puncture pattern may be indicated by the base station 102. For example, the UE 104 may determine the first puncture pattern based on a sequence of a PBCH DMRS received on the first resource part. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 104 may determine the first puncture pattern based on a sequence of an SSS received together with a part of the PBCH transmission 206 on the first resource part. In other words, gNB may indicate the puncture pattern of the first resource part implicitly by the sequence of PBCH DMRS and / or SSS of the first resource part.
[0114] In some example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may include 2N bits selected from a set of coded bits, where N is equal to a number of REs excluding PBCH DMRS for the second resource part. The 2N bits may be consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index. In other words, for the second resource part, the selected bit number equals to 2N, where N is the RE number excluding PBCH DMRS RE for the second resource part. The starting bit may be with a specific / predefined bit index i, e.g., i =0. The consecutive bits from bit index i to 2N+i-1 in the circular buffer are selected to transmit on the second resource part. In this way, a scheme for bit selection in the circular buffer for PBCH transmission on the second resource part is designed. In some examples, the additional resource part from 3MHz bandwidth may be used for the second resource part.
[0115] In some alternative example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may include 2N bits selected from a set of coded bits, where N is equal to a number of REs excluding PBCH DMRS for the second resource part. The 2N bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability. For example, for the second resource part, the bits with high reliability may be selected to be transmitted on the second resource part. For polar codes, the information bits and CRC bits may be put on the location with high reliability. Thus, these high reliability bits may be protected (i.e., without puncture on them) , thus guaranteeing decoding performance of Polar code. In detail, the puncture pattern for the second resource part may be designed based on reliability of bits, where the bits with lower priority are punctured firstly until the bit number of remaining bits is equal to the transmitted bit number of the second resource part. The bit reliability may be determined according to bit location based on Table 5.3.1.2-1 in TS 38.212. In this way, a scheme for bit selection in the circular buffer for PBCH transmission on the second resource part is designed. In some examples, the additional resource part from 3MHz bandwidth may be used for the second resource part.
[0116] In some alternative example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may include bits punctured on the first resource part. For example, only the punctured bits are transmitted on the second resource part. In a more specific example, if 24RBs of PBCH are punctured in the first resource part based on the first puncture pattern, and if the second resource part is specified as 2 symbols with 12 RBs per symbol, only the punctured bits are transmitted on the second resource part. In the way, similar performance as PBCH transmitted in the system no less than 5MHz bandwidth may be achieved. In this way, a scheme for bit selection in the circular buffer for PBCH transmission on the second resource part is designed. In some examples, the additional resource part from 3MHz bandwidth may be used for the second resource part.
[0117] In some alternative example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may include 2N bits. The 2N bits may include M bits punctured on the first resource part and 2N-M bits selected from a set of coded bits, where N is equal to a number of REs excluding PBCH DMRS for the second resource part. For example, if 24RBs of PBCH are punctured in the first resource part based on the first puncture pattern and if the second resource part includes 2 symbols with 15 RBs per symbol, it may carry not only bits punctured in the first resource part but also some un-punctured bits. For the case, the bits (e.g., M bits) punctured in the first resource part may be selected to be transmitted on the second resource part and some of un-punctured bits (e.g., 2N-M) are selected to be transmitted on the second resource part, where N is the RE number excluding PBCH DMRS RE for the second resource part. In this way, the second resource part with a flexible size may be adapted.
[0118] In some examples, the 2N-M bits may be consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index. For example, for the second resource part, the 2N-M consecutive bits in the circular buffer may be selected with the starting bit with a specific / predefined bit index i, e.g., i =0. The M bits punctured in the first resource part and the consecutive bits from bit index i to 2N-M+i-1 in the circular buffer are selected to transmit on the second resource part. In some alternative examples, the 2N-M bits may be selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability. For example, for the second resource part, the puncture pattern for the 2N-M bits on the second resource part may be designed based on reliability of bits, where the bits with lower priority are punctured firstly until the bit number of remaining bits is equal to 2N-M. The bit reliability may be determined according to bit location based on Table 5.3.1.2-1 in TS 38.212. The M bits punctured in the first resource part and the 2N-M bits determined based on the bit reliability are selected to transmit on the second resource part. In this way, a scheme for bit selection in the circular buffer for PBCH transmission on the second resource part is designed. In some examples, the additional resource part from 3MHz bandwidth may be used for the second resource part.
[0119] In some alternative example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 may be received on a portion of the second resource part. A transmission power of the part of the PBCH transmission 206 on the portion of the second resource part may be higher than a transmission power of a part of the PBCH transmission 206 on the first resource part. In some examples, remaining portions of the second resource part may be muted. In other words, power boosting may be used for PBCH transmission on the second resource part, where some RBs may be muted to support PBCH power boosting. In some examples, the power boosting scheme may be implemented in combination with the above schemes for bit selection in the circular buffer for PBCH transmission on the second resource part. For example, the transmission power on the second resource part may thus be increased relative to the power of PBCH in the first resource part. In this way, the PBCH performance may be further enhanced.
[0120] In some examples, the second resource part may include two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol. The portion of the second resource part may include the two symbols with 12 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol, and the remaining portions of the second resource part may include the two symbols with remaining 3 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol. In a more specific example, if the bits punctured in the first resource part are selected bits for transmission on the second resource part, when the second resource part includes 2 symbols with 15 RBs per symbol, and the punctured bits as selected bits are transmitted only on the center 12RBs per symbol of the second part resource, then the remaining 3RBs of the second resource part may be muted without any transmission. Then the power from these 3RBs may be borrowed for boosting the transmission power for 12RBs with PBCH transmission, where there is about X=0.97dB power boosting gain.
[0121] In some alternative example embodiments, a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the first resource part may be associated with the first puncture pattern, and a part of the PBCH transmission 206 received on the second resource part may be associated with a second puncture pattern. The first puncture pattern may be different from the second puncture pattern. In other words, different puncture patterns may be used for PBCH on the first resource part and the second resource part. In some examples, the first and second resource parts may have the same time-frequency location but shifting in the time domain. The UE may not only joint decode PBCH based on PBCH transmission on the two resource parts, but also realize self-decoding using PBCH transmission on one resource part. In this way, the PBCH performance may be further improved.
[0122] In some examples, the second puncture pattern may be based on puncturing bits corresponding to centered RBs per symbol on two symbols of the second resource part. In other words, the bits mapped on middle 12 RBs of two OFDM symbols are punctured for the second resource part. In some alternative examples, the second puncture pattern may be based on puncturing a first portion of bits from the set of coded bits. For example, the first half bits after rate matching are punctured for the second resource part. In some alternative examples, the second puncture pattern may be based on a bit reliability. For example, the second puncture pattern may be determined by puncturing the bits with lower reliability.
[0123] In some examples, the second puncture pattern may have a predefined pattern type. Alternatively, the second puncture pattern may be indicated by the base station 102. For example, the UE 104 may determine the second puncture pattern based on a sequence of a PBCH DMRS received on the second resource part. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 104 may determine the second puncture pattern based on a sequence of an SSS received together with a part of the PBCH transmission 206 on the second resource part. In other words, gNB may indicate the puncture pattern of the second resource part implicitly by the sequence of PBCH DMRS and / or SSS of the second resource part.
[0124] For example, in 5G system, 3 bits may be used to indicate SSB index below 6GHz, which may be indicated / carried by PBCH DMRS sequence. At most 2 bits are used for indicating maximum 4 SSB index below 3GHz, which is typical carrier frequency for 3MHz bandwidth. Thus, for PBCH transmission in 3MHz bandwidth in 6G system, the puncture indication bit (1 bit) and SSB index indication bits (2 bits) may be indicated together by DMRS sequences.
[0125] With some embodiments of the present disclosure, it may not need to assume UE knows the existence of the additional resource part for PBCH. But for some UEs with higher capability, they can know the carrier frequency by detecting PSS / SSS. This information can be obtained by UE’s implementation.
[0126] With some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second resource part may be used together with the first resource part for PBCH transmission, where the same encoding chain is shared between the PBCH bits transmitted on the first resource part and on the second resource part. The PBCH transmission may be enhanced by introducing additional resource part, where PBCH with puncture is transmitted on the first resource part and some selected bits are transmitted on the second resource part. When UE can decode PBCH based on the first resource part, it has no need to decode the PBCH on the second resource part. When UE cannot decode PBCH based on the first resource part, it can make combined decoding using the PBCH on the two parts of resource. In this way, the PBCH detection reliability may be improved, and the initial access time may be reduced, especially for UE with poor channel quality. Various schemes for the additional resource part are designed based on different assumptions on the usable RB number. Various bit selection schemes, such as selecting high reliable Polar coded bits, are designed for transmission on the second resource part. The SSB design may be based on 5MHz bandwidth, where the designed SSB may be applicable to any bandwidth including 3MHz, and the RB level puncture scheme may be used as a starting point for PBCH transmission with 3MHz bandwidth. No significant complexity is introduced.
[0127] FIG. 4 illustrates an example process 400 that supports CSI-RS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the process 400 will be described with reference to FIG. 1A. The process 400 may involve the UE 104 and the network entity 102 as shown in FIG. 1A. The network entity 102 may be implemented as a base station. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 4 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that the process 400 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. The process 400 may be implemented in combination with or independent from the process 200 in FIG. 2.
[0128] As shown in FIG. 4, the base station 102 transmits (402) a configuration 404 of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set to the UE 104. Accordingly, the UE 104 receives (406) the configuration 404 of the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set from the base station 102. The UE 104 determines (408) to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. Similarly, the base station 102 determines (410) to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The base station 104 transmits (412) CSI-RS 414 to the UE 102 based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set. Accordingly, the UE 104 receives (416) the CSI-RS 414 from the base station 102 based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set. In some examples, the CSI-RS 414 based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set is for RRM, and the UE 104 performs (418) RRM based on the received CSI-RS 414. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 104 may perform at least one of automatic gain control (AGC) or time-frequency synchronization based on the received CSI-RS 414.
[0129] FIG. 5 illustrates an example diagram of on-demand CSI-RS for RRM measurement in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the SSB is transmitted with a long period, e.g., 160 ms, and the CSI-RS is transmitted based on a on-demand scheme. The on-demand CSI-RS has a period of 20ms and may be used for RRM measurement, AGC and / or time-frequency synchronization. In some scenarios, when on-demand CSI-RS is triggered, the UE may perform RRM based on only the on-demand CSI-RS, or based on both the SSB and the on-demand CSI-RS. It should be understood that the on-demand CSI-RS scheme may be applied in 3MHz BW or other BWs. The on-demand CSI-RS may be semi-persistent CSI-RS or may be aperiodic CSI-RS with burst transmission including multiple transmission occasions. For the other time without on-demand CSI-RS, the gNB does not transmit CSI-RS for energy saving and RRM may be maintained by SSB with long period.
[0130] In some embodiments, the configuration 404 of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set may be carried in an RRC signaling. In some examples, the RRC signaling may include at least one of the following: respective IDs of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, time-frequency domain location information of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, quasi QCL information associated an SSB for the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, or a number of CSI-RS transmission occasions in one triggering burst. For example, CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility may be configured by RRC signalling for all candidates of on-demand CSI-RS associated with multiple neighbor cells and multiple beams of each cell. For example, the RRC signalling defined in 5G system may be reused, where CSI-RS resource ID, the time frequency location and QCL information associated with SSB are configured. For aperiodic CSI-RS resource, the number of CSI-RS transmission occasions in one triggering burst may be also configured.
[0131] Alternatively or additionally, the configuration 404 of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set may include respective configuration information for each of the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The respective configuration information for the CSI-RS resource set may include at least one of the following: an ID of the CSI-RS resource set, respective IDs of CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set, or respective cell IDs for CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set. For example, one or multiple CSI-RS resource sets for RRM may be configured as candidate measurement sets, where the configuration of one CSI-RS resource set, e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetRRM, includes RRM CSI-RS resource set ID, CSI-RS resource ID and the associated cell-ID for each CSI-RS resource in the set. In this way, the resource overhead for triggering on-demand CSI-RS is reduced.
[0132] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may receive, from the base station 102, an indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set. In some examples, the indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set may be carried in a MAC CE. In some alternative examples, the indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set may be carried in a DCI.
[0133] For example, the on-demand CSI-RS transmission may be triggered by the network side. The network may configure CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility by RRC signalling for all candidates of on-demand CSI-RS associated with multiple neighbor cells and multiple beams of each cell. Then, MAC CE or DCI signalling may be used to trigger the actual on-demand CSI-RS.
[0134] In a more specific example, the MAC CE based activation / deactivation signaling may be used for triggering semi-persistent CSI-RS. A MAC CE may be introduced for activating / deactivating the RRM CSI-RS resources for the selected cells and beams. One or multiple CSI-RS resource sets for RRM may be configured as candidate measurement sets. Then, MAC CE may be used to activate or deactivate one of the selected CSI-RS resource set.
[0135] In another example, the DCI signaling may be used for triggering aperiodic CSI-RS burst with multiple transmission occasions. Similar as aperiodic CSI reporting in 5G system, the aperiodic CSI-RS burst for RRM may be implicitly triggered together with aperiodic CSI report by a dynamic DCI signalling. One or multiple CSI-RS resource sets for RRM may be configured as candidate measurement sets. One CSI-RS resource set may be associated with one candidate triggering state (i.e., a corresponding DCI signalling) as RRM measurement resource.
[0136] In some alternative embodiments, the UE 104 may transmit, to the base station 102, an indication for triggering CSI-RS transmission. The indication for triggering CSI-RS transmission may be carried in a PRACH. The UE 104 may receive an indication of the CSI-RS resource set from the base station 102. The indication of the CSI-RS resource set may be carried in a MAC CE or in a DCI. For example, the on-demand CSI-RS may be triggered by at UE’s side since UE knows the change of channel quality for different cells and beams earlier / accurately. For example, the on-demand CSI-RS may be triggered by PRACH on a dedicated resource, where the dedicated PRACH resource may be configured in advance. When gNB receives the PRACH on the dedicate resource, the gNB may use MAC CE or DCI to notify UE the on-demand CSI-RS resources for RRM. The MAC CE or DCI for notify the on-demand CSI-RS resources in the UE triggering scheme may be implemented in a similar manner as the MAC CE or DCI for activating on-demand CSI-RS resources in the gNB triggering scheme, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0137] With some embodiments of the present disclosure, for RRM enhancement, on-demand CSI-RS is proposed to be triggered by MAC CE and DCI signalling, where the detail triggering signalling is designed.
[0138] In some embodiments, the CSI-RS may be received based on a CSI-RS pattern. The CSI-RS pattern may have a frequency density of 6 or 12. The CSI-RS pattern may be associated with an extension in subcarriers based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3. For example, the CSI-RS pattern for on-demand RRM CSI-RS may have a higher frequency density, e.g., a frequency density of 6 or 12 may be configured for 3MHz bandwidth. The CSI-RS pattern may be determined by extension to multiple subcarriers based on the CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 as defined in 5G system. As one example, for the CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 6, half of REs in one RB may be used for RRM CSI-RS. As another example, for the CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 12, all the REs in one RB are used for RRM CSI-RS. The CSI-RS of such pattern with a higher frequency density may support both RRM and AGC.
[0139] FIG. 6A illustrates an example diagram of a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 as defined in 5G system. FIG. 6B illustrates an example diagram of a CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 12 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 is shown as pattern 0 in FIG. 6A. The CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 12 is shown as pattern 1 in FIG. 6B. The CSI-RS pattern 1 may be determined by extension to 4 consecutive subcarriers based on the base CSI-RS pattern 0.
[0140] In some alternative embodiments, the CSI-RS may be received based on a CSI-RS pattern. The CSI-RS pattern may occupy multiple symbols. The CSI-RS pattern may be associated with an extension in symbols based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 and one symbol. For example, the CSI-RS pattern for on-demand RRM CSI-RS may occupy multiple OFDM symbols, where multiple OFDM symbols and a frequency density of 3 may be configured for 3MHz bandwidth. The CSI-RS pattern may be determined by extension to multiple OFDM symbols based on density 3 CSI-RS defined in 5G system as shown as pattern 0 in Fig. 4. As one example shown as pattern 2 in Fig. 4, the two-symbol pattern may be determined by extension to two OFDM symbols based on the CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 as defined in 5G system. The CSI-RS of such pattern with multiple OFDM symbols support both RRM and finer time / frequency synchronization.
[0141] FIG. 6C illustrates an example diagram of a CSI-RS pattern occupying multiple OFDM symbols in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The CSI-RS pattern occupying multiple OFDM symbols is shown as pattern 2 in FIG. 6C. The CSI-RS pattern 2 may be determined by extension to 2 OFDM symbols based on the base CSI-RS pattern 0 as shown in FIG. 6A.
[0142] In some examples, the UE 104 may receive, from the base station 102, a symbol number and an indication of symbol indexes for the CSI-RS pattern. The UE 104 may determine the CSI-RS pattern based on the symbol number and the symbol indexes. For example, to support the CSI-RS pattern with multiple OFDM symbols, the symbol location for additional OFDM symbols may be indicated by RRC signallings OFDMSymbolNum and OFDMSymbolInTimeDomain, contained in CSI-RS-Resource-Mobility. For example, 2 bits may be used to indicate the number [1 2 3 4] of OFDM symbols for CSI-RS and bit location for each symbol is individually indicated; or a bitmap with length 14 may be used to indicate the symbol locations for multiple OFDM symbols taken by CSI-RS. For another example, the OFDM symbol space for CSI-RS can be specified as a fixed value. In this case, only the location of the first OFDM symbol for CSI-RS needs being indicated together with the number of OFDM symbols.
[0143] For the embodiments, the minimum bandwidth for CSI-RS may include 6, 12, 15 or 16 RBs to support 3MHz bandwidth.
[0144] With some embodiments of the present disclosure, CSI-RS patterns with increased density in frequency or time domain may be designed for on-demand RRM CSI-RS. Moreover, the on-demand CSI-RS may be designed with considering common RS for multiple function, such as assisting time / frequency drifting estimation, AGC, etc. when the gNB changes from inactive / idle state to active state. With multiple candidate CSI-RS patterns with different densities in time and frequency domain, gNB may select the desirable CSI-RS pattern for on-demand CSI-RS transmission based on the required function by on-demand CSI-RS measurement.
[0145] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a device 700 that supports PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be an example of a base station 102 or a UE 104 as described herein. The device 700 may support wireless communication with one or more base stations 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 700 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 702, a memory 704, a transceiver 706, and, optionally, an I / O controller 708. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0146] The processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0147] In some implementations, the processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 702 and the memory 704 coupled with the processor 702 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 702, instructions stored in the memory 704) .
[0148] For example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the device 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 702 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from a base station, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; and a means for decoding the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part.
[0149] In another example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the device 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 702 may be configured to operable to support a means for encoding a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; and a means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the second resource part.
[0150] In another example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the device 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 702 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from the base station, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set; a means for determining to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set; a means for receiving, from the base station, CSI-RS based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set; and a means for performing radio resource management (RRM) based on the received CSI-RS.
[0151] In another example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the device 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 702 may be configured to operable to support a means for transmitting, to a UE, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set; a means for determining to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set; and a means for transmitting, to the UE, CSI-RS for radio resource management (RRM) based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set.
[0152] The processor 702 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 702 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 702. The processor 702 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 704) to cause the device 700 to perform various functions of the present disclosure such that the device 700 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 2.
[0153] The memory 704 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 702 cause the device 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 702 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 704 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0154] The I / O controller 708 may manage input and output signals for the device 700. The I / O controller 708 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 706. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 700 via the I / O controller 708 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 708.
[0155] In some implementations, the device 700 may include a single antenna 710. However, in some other implementations, the device 700 may have more than one antenna 710 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 706 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 710, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 706 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 706 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 710 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 710. The transceiver 706 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0156] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 710 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0157] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 710 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0158] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a processor 800 that supports PBCH transmission and / or CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 800 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may include a controller 802 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may optionally include at least one memory 804, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 800 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 806. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0159] The processor 800 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0160] The controller 802 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 802 may operate as a control unit of the processor 800, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 800. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0161] The controller 802 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 804 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 802 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 804. The controller 802 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 802 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 802 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 800. The controller 802 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 800.
[0162] The memory 804 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 800 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 804 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 800) . In some other implementations, the memory 804 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 800) .
[0163] The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 800, cause the processor 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 802 and / or the processor 800 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the processor 800 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 800 and / or the controller 802 may be coupled with or to the memory 804, and the processor 800, the controller 802, and the memory 804 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 800 may include multiple processors and the memory 804 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0164] The one or more ALUs 806 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) . One or more ALUs 806 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 806 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 806 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 806 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 806 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0165] For example, the processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a base station, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; and a means for decoding the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part.
[0166] In another example, the processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support a means for encoding a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; and a means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the second resource part.
[0167] In another example, the processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from the base station, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set; a means for determining to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set; a means for receiving, from the base station, CSI-RS based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set; and a means for performing radio resource management (RRM) based on the received CSI-RS.
[0168] In another example, the processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a UE, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set; a means for determining to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set; and a means for transmitting, to the UE, CSI-RS for radio resource management (RRM) based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set.
[0169] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method 900 that supports PBCH transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0170] At 905, the method may include receiving, from a base station, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part. The operations of 905 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0171] At 910, the method may include decoding the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part. The operations of 910 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 910 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0172] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1000 that supports PBCH transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be performed by a base station 102 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0173] At 1005, the method may include encoding a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part. The operations of 1005 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1005 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0174] At 1010, the method may include transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the second resource part. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0175] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1100 that supports CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0176] At 1105, the method may include receiving, from the base station, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set. The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0177] At 1110, the method may include determining to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0178] At 1115, the method may include receiving, from the base station, CSI-RS based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set. The operations of 1115 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1115 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0179] At 1120, the method may include performing radio resource management (RRM) based on the received CSI-RS. The operations of 1120 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1120 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0180] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1200 that supports CSI-RS transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0181] At 1205, the method may include transmitting, to the UE, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0182] At 1210, the method may include determining to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0183] At 1215, the method may include transmitting, to the UE, CSI-RS for radio resource management (RRM) based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0184] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0185] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0186] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0187] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0188] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or an or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0189] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, from a base station via the transceiver, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; anddecode the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth,wherein a part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part comprises remaining bits after puncturing from the PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the second resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth,wherein the second resource part comprises one of the following:two symbols with 12 resource blocks (RBs) per symbol;one symbol with 16 RBs per symbol; ortwo symbols with 15 RBs per symbol;wherein the second resource part starts at a next downlink symbol following the first resource part.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein the second resource part is a resource within a 3MHz bandwidth determined from a PBCH resource for a 5MHz bandwidth;wherein the second resource part is in a next slot following the first resource part.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein a part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part share a same encoding chain,wherein a part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part are determined from a same set of coded bits.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein a part of the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part is associated with a first puncture pattern; andwherein the first puncture pattern is based on one of the following:puncturing bits corresponding to first 4 RBs and last 4 RBs per symbol on three symbols of the first resource part;puncturing a last portion of bits from a set of coded bits; orpuncturing bits based on a bit reliability.7.The UE of claim 6, wherein the first puncture pattern has a predefined pattern type; orwherein the processor is further configured to:determine the first puncture pattern based on at least one of a sequence of a PBCH DMRS received on the first resource part or a sequence of a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) received together with a part of the PBCH transmission on the first resource part.8.The UE of claim 1, wherein a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part comprises one of the following:2N bits selected from a set of coded bits, wherein the 2N bits are consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index, or wherein the 2N bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability;bits punctured on the first resource part; orM bits punctured on the first resource part and 2N-M bits selected from a set of coded bits, wherein the 2N-M bits are consecutive bits starting from a bit, among the set of coded bits, with a predefined bit index, or wherein the 2N-M bits are selected from the set of coded bits based on a bit reliability;wherein N is equal to a number of REs excluding PBCH DMRS for the second resource part.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein a part of the PBCH transmission is received on a portion of the second resource part, a transmission power of the part of the PBCH transmission on the portion of the second resource part is higher than a transmission power of a part of the PBCH transmission on the first resource part, andwherein remaining portions of the second resource part are muted.10.The UE of claim 9, wherein the second resource part comprises two symbols with 15 RBs per symbol;wherein the portion of the second resource part comprises the two symbols with 12 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol, andwherein the remaining portions of the second resource part comprise the two symbols with remaining 3 RBs among the 15 RBs per symbol.11.The UE of claim 6, wherein a part of the PBCH transmission received on the second resource part is associated with a second puncture pattern,wherein the first puncture pattern is different from the second puncture pattern, wherein the second puncture pattern is based on one of the following:puncturing bits corresponding to centered RBs per symbol on two symbols of the second resource part;puncturing a first portion of bits from the set of coded bits; orpuncturing bits based on a bit reliability;wherein the second puncture pattern has a predefined pattern type; orwherein the processor is further configured:determine the second puncture pattern based on at least one of a sequence of a PBCH DMRS received on the second resource part or a sequence of an SSS received together with a part of the PBCH transmission on the second resource part.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the base station via the transceiver, a configuration of at least one candidate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource set;determine to trigger a CSI-RS resource set among the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set;receive, from the base station via the transceiver, CSI-RS based on the triggered CSI-RS resource set; andperform radio resource management (RRM) based on the received CSI-RS.13.The UE of claim 12, wherein the configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) signaling, wherein the RRC signaling comprises at least one of the following:respective identities (IDs) of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set,time-frequency domain location information of CSI-RS resources in the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set,quasi co-location (QCL) information associated a synchronization signal block (SSB) for the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set, ora number of CSI-RS transmission occasions in one triggering burst.14.The UE of claim 12, wherein the configuration of at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set comprises respective configuration information for each of the at least one candidate CSI-RS resource set,wherein respective configuration information for the CSI-RS resource set comprises at least one of the following:an ID of the CSI-RS resource set,respective IDs of CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set, orrespective cell IDs for CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set.15.The UE of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the base station via the transceiver, an indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set, wherein the indication for triggering the CSI-RS resource set is carried in a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or in a DCI.16.The UE of claim 12, wherein the CSI-RS is received based on a CSI-RS pattern,wherein the CSI-RS pattern has a frequency density of 6 or 12, wherein the CSI-RS pattern is associated with an extension in subcarriers based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3; orwherein the CSI-RS pattern occupies multiple symbols, wherein the CSI-RS pattern is associated with an extension in symbols based on a base CSI-RS pattern with a frequency density of 3 and one symbol.17.The UE of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:perform at least one of automatic gain control (AGC) or time-frequency synchronization based on the received CSI-RS.18.A base station, comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:encode a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; andtransmit, to a user equipment (UE) via the transceiver, the PBCH transmission on the first resource part and the second resource part.19.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:receive, from a base station, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; anddecode the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part.20.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , the method comprising:receiving, from a base station, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission on a first resource part and a second resource part; and decoding the PBCH transmission based on the PBCH transmission received on the first resource part and the second resource part.