Monitoring system and method for operating a monitoring system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/EP2026/054474
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-02-19
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images
Figure EP2026054474_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] 2024029 / DE
[0002] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0003] 1
[0004] Title: Surveillance system including a door closer
[0005] Description
[0006] The present invention relates to a monitoring system comprising a door closer for closing a door. Furthermore, the invention discloses a method for monitoring a door closer.
[0007] EP 3 315704 A1 discloses a system for monitoring safety-relevant functions of a door closer. Using a combination of position and acceleration signals, the system checks whether the door closer has been broken or tampered with. For example, it can detect whether a lever connected to the output shaft of the door closer has been disengaged.
[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system that enables the safe use of a door with a door closer using simple means – in particular, simple manufacturing and low-maintenance operation. Furthermore, a method for operating the monitoring system is to be provided.
[0009] The problem is solved by the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments of the invention.
[0010] The door closer has a housing. The housing is made of metal, preferably cast. An output shaft of the door closer is rotatably mounted within the housing. The output shaft is rotatable about an axis of rotation.
[0011] The output shaft is designed for attaching a lever assembly. According to one initial mounting option, the door closer can be attached to the door. 2024029 / DE
[0012] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0013] 2
[0014] The lever assembly forms the connection to the wall. For example, a slide rail of the lever assembly is attached to the wall. Within the scope of the present invention, the term "wall" also includes the door frame. According to a second mounting variant, the door closer can be attached to the wall. The lever assembly then forms the connection between the door closer and the door. For example, the slide rail of the lever assembly is attached to the door.
[0015] The door closer includes a mechanical energy storage device. This mechanical energy storage device is preferably designed as a spring, and preferably as a coil spring. The mechanical energy storage device is located within the housing and exerts an impulse on the output shaft, causing it to rotate in the closing direction. As will be described in more detail below, a transmission unit can be located between the energy storage device and the output shaft to convert the movement of the output shaft and the movement of the energy storage device.
[0016] The door closer further comprises a sensor unit designed and arranged to detect the actual rotation angle. This actual rotation angle depends on the rotation angle of the output shaft. Preferably, the actual rotation angle is the rotation angle of the output shaft.
[0017] The door closer includes a data transmission unit, in particular designed for wireless data transmission, and at least one battery for powering the data transmission unit and the sensor unit.
[0018] The data transmission unit can send data based on the current rotation angle to an external unit. This unit can be a building control unit, a cloud service, a server, an end device, or a mobile device. An end device could be, for example, a computer. A mobile device could be, for example, a smartphone or tablet. If an external evaluation unit is used, as described below, the data transmission unit can send data to this evaluation unit. 2024029 / DE
[0019] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0020] 3
[0021] The data transmission unit can also send a status update regularly. However, to save energy, this only occurs, for example, every 24 hours. If the battery becomes too weak or fails between status updates, thus entering a critical state, a malfunction would go unnoticed for an extended period. Therefore, the following is planned:
[0022] The door closer includes an electrical buffer storage device, and is configured to send an error message via the data transmission unit, using energy from the buffer storage device, when the power supply to the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit, which is provided by the at least one battery, enters a critical state. The critical state exists in particular when the at least one battery has an insufficient charge and / or the power supply is interrupted.
[0023] The "interrupted power supply," which constitutes a critical condition, can occur, for example, due to a discharge (especially a complete discharge) of the battery or batteries, contact problems between the batteries, contact problems at the battery connectors, contact problems at the connectors to the data transmission unit and / or sensor unit, and / or an interruption of the cable connection to the battery or batteries. Such contact problems or interruptions can be caused, for example, by environmental factors such as corrosion or vibration, mechanical stress, or incorrect assembly.
[0024] Preferably, the buffer storage unit includes at least one capacitor and / or at least one electrochemical energy storage unit.
[0025] Preferably, the error message is only sent once, when the critical power supply condition occurs. This allows the buffer storage to be relatively small. 2024029 / DE
[0026] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0027] 4
[0028] In particular, the buffer storage is designed to have a specific nominal capacity. This nominal capacity is preferably dimensioned to be sufficient to send the error message at least once, and preferably a maximum of five times.
[0029] Preferably, the door closer includes a control unit designed to detect whether the power supply to the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit via the at least one battery is in a critical state. The control unit can be an integral part of the data transmission unit.
[0030] Preferably, the door closer, in particular the control unit, is designed to detect at short intervals whether the power supply to the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit via the at least one battery has reached a critical state. In particular, this detection occurs at intervals of no more than 60 minutes, preferably no more than 1 minute, and more preferably no more than 10 seconds.
[0031] Preferably, the control unit is designed to cause the data transmission unit to send the error message using the energy from the buffer memory when the power supply to the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit via the at least one battery enters a critical state.
[0032] Preferably, the door closer, in particular the control unit, is designed to detect the critical condition depending on the voltage and / or the state of charge of the at least one battery and to cause the data transmission unit to send the error message using the energy from the buffer storage.
[0033] Preferably, at least one battery is designed and arranged to maintain the charge of the buffer storage unit. 2024029 / DE
[0034] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0035] 5
[0036] It is particularly preferred that the data transmission unit is designed to transmit a battery status of at least one battery, for example a state of charge.
[0037] The output shaft rotates in the "closing direction," particularly when the door closer is properly installed to close a door and the door is closing. When the door is opened, the output shaft rotates in the opposite direction, also known as the opening direction. The door closer is preferably designed without a drive mechanism, so it is not a motorized door operator.
[0038] Within the scope of the present invention, it is preferably defined that the output shaft rotates within a first angular range for opening and closing the door. This first angular range is to be distinguished from a second angular range into which the output shaft can rotate, but which is not occupied by the output shaft as long as the door closer is properly installed on the door and in operation. If the door closer is not installed, the output shaft rotates, in particular, into the second angular range, since this discharges the energy storage device as much as possible.
[0039] During installation of the door closer, the lever assembly is mounted to the output shaft, and the output shaft is preferably rotated into the first angular range by means of the lever assembly. Once the door closer is installed, the lever assembly is always connected to the output shaft on one side and to the wall or door on the other. This allows the output shaft to rotate at most to the boundary between the first and second angular ranges, but it does not rotate into the second angular range. Therefore, the boundary between the first and second angular ranges represents a "closing position" of the output shaft. In this closed position of the output shaft, the corresponding door is closed. The angle for the closing position of the output shaft is referred to as the "closing rotation angle." 2024029 / DE
[0040] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0041] 6
[0042] If damage occurs to the door closer or the lever assembly, or if, for example, the lever assembly is manipulated, in particular if the lever assembly is released, the output shaft rotates from the first angular range into the second angular range.
[0043] The monitoring system preferably includes an evaluation unit. As will be described in detail later, this evaluation unit does not have to be located in the door closer, but can also be located at any other location.
[0044] The closing angle is preferably stored in the evaluation unit, thus defining the boundary between the first and second angle ranges. This closing angle can, for example, be a fixed value stored in the evaluation unit or a value that can be changed depending on the installation situation of the door closer. Furthermore, it is also possible to define the closing angle in the evaluation unit through a corresponding learning process after the door closer has been installed.
[0045] The evaluation unit is preferably designed to generate a message depending on the actual rotation angle; in particular, the message is generated when the actual rotation angle is in the second angle range; the generation of the message then depends on whether the actual rotation angle is in the second angle range or not.
[0046] The message is, for example, a signal generated by the evaluation unit and used internally, for instance to issue a warning, and / or which the evaluation unit transmits to another unit. Based on the message generated in the evaluation unit, it can be concluded that the damage or tampering described above has occurred. This, in turn, suggests that the door may not be properly closed by the door closer, which is particularly relevant for fire doors. 2024029 / DE
[0047] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0048] 7
[0049] Preferably, the door closer includes a mounting plate, and the door closer housing is attached to the mounting plate. The mounting plate preferably includes fastening elements, particularly designed as holes, for screwing the mounting plate to the door or wall and for attaching the housing and any other components to the mounting plate.
[0050] Preferably, the door closer includes a cover. The cover at least covers the housing of the door closer. The cover is preferably attached to the mounting plate.
[0051] Preferably, the cladding has two opposing end walls. The end walls are preferably connected to each other via two opposing side walls. In particular, it is provided that the two end walls and the two side walls together form the basic body of the cladding. This basic body of the cladding is preferably closable by means of a removable cover.
[0052] Preferably, the door closer is designed to rotate the output shaft into the second angular range as soon as a connection – in particular the lever assembly – between the output shaft and the door or between the output shaft and the wall is released. It is particularly important to consider that the lever assembly connects the output shaft to the door if the door closer is mounted on the wall, or that the lever assembly connects the output shaft to the wall if the door closer is mounted on the door.
[0053] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the output shaft, in its closed position (i.e., when the door is closed), is energized by the energy storage device to rotate in the closing direction. This means, in particular, that the output shaft remains energized by the energy storage device even in its closed position, and that the energy storage device is not completely discharged. This ensures, in particular, that the 2024029 / DE
[0054] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0055] 8
[0056] The energy storage device can rotate the output shaft from the closed position into the second angular range.
[0057] When the output shaft rotates in the closing direction, the preload of the energy storage device or the energy stored in the energy storage device decreases, whereby it is specifically provided that a minimum preload in the energy storage device is not present in the closing position, but only in the second angular range.
[0058] Preferably, the output shaft is rotatable in the opening direction for charging the energy storage device when the door is opened. This opening of the door is achieved in particular by manual operation of the door, especially by a user.
[0059] Preferably, the sensor unit comprises a sensor and an encoder. The encoder is preferably arranged or formed on the output shaft. The encoder is preferably a separate component that is arranged, and in particular attached, to the output shaft. Alternatively, the output shaft can also be designed in such a way that it functions as the encoder.
[0060] The sensor of the sensor unit is preferably designed for detecting the encoder, particularly without contact. The sensor is especially preferably designed to detect the position and / or rotation and / or acceleration of the encoder. It is particularly intended that the combination of sensor and encoder enables the actual rotation angle of the output shaft to be detected.
[0061] Positioning the sensor directly on the output shaft has the advantage that the sensor, and therefore the entire sensor assembly, can be added to existing door closers. The necessary approvals for such existing door closers usually already exist, so adding the sensor unit requires no or only minor modifications to the approval. This is primarily because the relatively small sensor does not affect the mechanics within the door closer.
[0062] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0063] 9
[0064] and thus the basic function of the door closer, namely to close the door securely, is not affected by the sensor unit.
[0065] Preferably, the transmitter comprises a permanent magnet and the sensor is a magnetic sensor, in particular a Hall sensor.
[0066] The sensor is preferably attached to the end face of the output shaft, in particular by screws. The output shaft preferably has a mounting receptacle on at least one side, and preferably on both sides. This mounting receptacle is in particular a bore coaxial with the axis of rotation of the output shaft. The mounting receptacle particularly preferably has an internal thread.
[0067] A sensor mounting is preferably inserted into the mounting receptacle, in particular screwed in. The sensor mounting has a mounting head. The sensor is preferably attached to the mounting head, in particular glued on.
[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the mounting head has a positive locking element that ensures the precise positioning of the sensor. Furthermore, it is preferred that the mounting head has a rim that surrounds the sensor, so that the rim also ensures precise positioning of the sensor on the mounting head.
[0069] The sensor mounting is preferably made of plastic.
[0070] The axis of rotation of the output shaft preferably intersects the sensor and / or the encoder. This ensures that the sensor and encoder are positioned as close as possible to the axis of rotation, enabling precise measurement of the actual rotation angle in a very confined space.
[0071] The sensor is preferably arranged symmetrically to the axis of rotation, such that the axis of rotation intersects the sensor, particularly at its center. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the encoder is symmetrically arranged. 2024029 / DE
[0072] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
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[0074] is arranged relative to the axis of rotation, whereby the axis of rotation intersects the center of the encoder.
[0075] The output shaft is preferably exposed on two opposite sides of the housing and serves for the optional attachment of the lever assembly to either side. It is provided that the lever assembly can be attached to both sides of the output shaft, but – as described by the term "optional" – is actually attached to only one of the two sides.
[0076] In particular, the output shaft has a polygon, especially a square one, on each of the two opposite, exposed sides for attaching the lever assembly.
[0077] The described monitoring system preferably includes the lever assembly. The lever assembly can also be considered part of the door closer. The lever assembly is attached to one side of the output shaft, and the sensor is attached to the other side. This allows the side of the output shaft not used for the lever assembly to be used for the sensor assembly.
[0078] The lever arrangement preferably comprises a slide rail and a lever, wherein one end of the lever is guided in the slide rail and the other end of the lever can be attached to the output shaft.
[0079] Alternatively, and preferably, the lever arrangement comprises a linkage, wherein the linkage has two rods rotatably connected to each other. One end of the linkage can be attached to the output shaft. The other end of the linkage can be rotatably attached to the wall if the door closer is mounted on the door, or rotatably attached to the door if the door closer is mounted on the wall.
[0080] As described, the encoder is preferably located on the output shaft and rotates with it. In contrast, the sensor is installed in a fixed location. 2024029 / DE
[0081] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0082] 11
[0083] However, it is preferably located in the immediate vicinity of the sensor, in particular on the end face of the output shaft.
[0084] Preferably, the sensor is arranged on a sensor mounting assembly. The sensor mounting device preferably positions the sensor at the end face of the output shaft.
[0085] The sensor mounting arrangement preferably includes a holder. The holder is preferably a single piece. Preferably, the holder is made of plastic.
[0086] Preferably, the sensor mounting arrangement comprises a sensor circuit board. The sensor is arranged on the sensor circuit board, and the sensor circuit board is preferably attached to the mounting bracket.
[0087] Preferably, the sensor mounting assembly, in particular the holder, is attached to the mounting plate, especially by screws. This makes it possible to position the sensor relatively securely and with high accuracy.
[0088] Additionally or alternatively, the sensor mounting assembly can be attached to and / or resting on the housing of the door closer. Attachment relative to the housing allows for particularly precise positioning of the sensor relative to the encoder located on the output shaft.
[0089] The bracket preferably has a mounting extension. This extends around the output shaft so that the output shaft projects into the mounting extension. Preferably, the mounting extension is supported axially on the inside against the housing. This ensures that the bracket rests against the housing. Preferably, the mounting extension clamps radially on the outside against an inner surface of the housing, thus securing the bracket to the housing.
[0090] Additionally or alternatively, the sensor mounting assembly can be mounted on the inside of the fairing. Preferably, the mount is clamped between the fairing and the housing. This provides another option for the 2024029 / DE
[0091] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0092] 12
[0093] Sensor mounting arrangement and thus to position the sensor accurately and with as little play as possible.
[0094] Preferably, the sensor mounting arrangement includes at least one retaining spring, in particular as an integral part of the holder, to preload the clamped holder.
[0095] The cover preferably includes at least one mounting receptacle for the bracket. Preferably, the cover includes mounting tabs, the mounting tabs being recessed on the mounting receptacle for inserting the bracket. The cover can be attached to the mounting plate by means of these mounting tabs, in particular by screwing it on.
[0096] Preferably, the mounting receptacle is formed twice on the inside of one of the two side walls of the casing. This double design of the mounting receptacle is particularly useful when the housing is switched between a left-hand and a right-hand arrangement, as will be explained in more detail later.
[0097] As mentioned previously, the evaluation unit is specifically designed to forward the generated message to an external unit. This unit can be a building control unit, a cloud service, a server, an end device, or a mobile device. An end device could be, for example, a computer, while a mobile device could be, for example, a smartphone or tablet.
[0098] By forwarding the message from the evaluation unit to the external unit, a corresponding warning can be generated in the unit in any desired way. For example, a message can be displayed on the mobile device indicating that a specific door closer has been damaged or tampered with.
[0099] According to an optional first variant, the evaluation unit generating the message is intended to be located as an internal evaluation unit in the area of the door, 2024029 / DE
[0100] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0101] 13
[0102] The evaluation unit is located, in particular, within the door closer. The term "within the door closer" specifically means that the evaluation unit is located beneath the door closer's cover. Alternatively, the evaluation unit can also be located next to the door closer, for example, in the door area.
[0103] If the evaluation unit is designed as an internal evaluation unit, at least one battery is preferably also provided for powering the evaluation unit.
[0104] According to an optional second variant, the evaluation unit generating the message is provided for as an external evaluation unit, whereby the door closer is designed to send the actual rotation angle or a value derived therefrom to the external evaluation unit - in particular by means of a data transmission unit, which is described below.
[0105] The data transmission unit is preferably designed for wireless data transmission. If it is an external evaluation unit, the data transmission unit can send the actual rotation angle or a value derived from it to the external evaluation unit. If it is an internal evaluation unit, the generated message can be sent via the transmission unit to the external unit, such as the server or the end device.
[0106] Preferably, at least one battery and / or one data transmission unit and / or one buffer storage unit are integrated into one module.
[0107] As mentioned, the door closer can include a cover that conceals the door closer housing. In particular, the module is located, preferably entirely, beneath the cover. Most preferably, the module is attached to the inside of the cover.
[0108] Preferably, the module can be attached to one of the end walls of the cladding, and more preferably optionally to both end walls of the cladding. 2024029 / DE
[0109] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0110] 14
[0111] The module can preferably be positioned on either side of the casing, due to the option of left- or right-hand orientation of the housing. Therefore, a module mounting point for securing the module is preferably located on both end walls of the casing.
[0112] Additionally or alternatively, the module can preferably be attached to the mounting plate. Preferably, the module can be attached to two opposite sides of the mounting plate.
[0113] Preferably, the module can be detached from the casing and / or mounting plate without damage, especially for battery replacement, preferably without tools.
[0114] The module preferably comprises a module circuit board. The module is, in particular, attached by means of this module circuit board. Specifically, the module circuit board is attached to the housing, preferably the module mounting.
[0115] The module preferably comprises a housing assembly. This housing assembly is attached to the module's circuit board. The housing assembly is preferably designed to accommodate at least one battery.
[0116] Preferably, the module is mounted at a distance from the mounting plate. This distance can prove advantageous in the event of a fire if the mounting plate is heated via the door, as the distance prevents direct heat transfer to the module and thus to the batteries. In particular, the distance is chosen to keep at least one battery at least 5 mm away from the mounting plate.
[0117] The housing has a first end face which, when the door closer is installed, must face a hinge of the door. Furthermore, a second end face of the housing is defined, which is opposite the first end face. Accordingly, the 2024029 / DE
[0118] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0119] 15
[0120] The module is preferably positioned next to the second end face of the housing, facing a main closing edge of the door.
[0121] Preferably, the mounting plate, the housing, and the module are designed so that the housing can be attached to the mounting plate on either the left or right side without rotating the mounting plate. In the left-hand configuration, the door hinges are to the left of the door closer; in the right-hand configuration, the door hinges are to the right of the door closer. In both cases, the first end face must face the hinges.
[0122] With the housing mounted on the left, the module is located to the right of the housing, above the mounting plate. With the housing mounted on the right, the module is located to the left of the housing, above the mounting plate. In both configurations, the module is completely above the mounting plate and therefore does not protrude laterally beyond it.
[0123] In particular, the mounting plate and the housing are designed so that the housing can be attached to the mounting plate in a left-hand orientation and in a right-hand orientation rotated by 180°.
[0124] As previously mentioned, the door closer can include a transmission unit located within the door closer housing, designed to transmit motion between the output shaft and the energy storage device. Specifically, the transmission unit is designed to transmit power reciprocally between the rotary motion of the output shaft and the linear motion of the energy storage device.
[0125] The transmission unit preferably has a cam that rotates with the output shaft. The cam is located, in particular, on the output shaft and can be an integral part of the output shaft. The cam is particularly heart-shaped and thus has two convex flanks that converge in a recess. 2024029 / DE
[0126] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0127] 16
[0128] The transmission unit preferably comprises a closing piston that is guided by rolling or sliding action on the cam. In particular, a closing piston roller is located on the closing piston, which rolls on the cam. The closing piston is guided in a linearly movable manner within the housing and is acted upon by the energy storage device. When the closing piston moves in one direction, it charges the energy storage device. When the energy storage device is discharged, the closing piston is pushed in the opposite direction by the energy storage device.
[0129] The closing piston is preferably guided on a flank of the cam. The flank extends into a recess in the cam, with the closing piston, particularly its closing piston roller, bearing against the flank and not the recess when the output shaft is in the closed position. The closing piston moves along the flank towards the recess as the actual rotation angle moves into the second rotation angle range.
[0130] The housing can be defined as two halves, with the first half corresponding to the first end face and the second half corresponding to the second end face. The output shaft is located in the first half and thus closer to the first end face than to the second end face. The energy storage device is preferably located at least partially in the second half and thus closer to the second end face than to the first. Therefore, the energy storage device is positioned between the output shaft and the second end face.
[0131] The invention further comprises a method for operating a monitoring system, in particular the monitoring system described above. The advantageous embodiments described for the monitoring system, as well as the dependent claims pertaining to the monitoring system, are advantageously applied within the scope of the method.
[0132] The procedure provides for:
[0133] Detect, by means of the sensor unit, the actual rotation angle, which depends on the rotation angle of the output shaft of the door closer, wherein the output shaft to 2024029 / DE
[0134] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0135] 17
[0136] The lever assembly is designed to be fastened, with the output shaft being subjected to rotation in the closing direction by the mechanical energy storage device of the door closer.
[0137] Use of the data transmission unit, especially designed for wireless data transmission,
[0138] Using at least one battery to power the data transmission unit and the sensor unit.
[0139] Using the electrical buffer storage, whereby an error message is sent via the data transmission unit, using the energy from the buffer storage, when the power supply of the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit via the at least one battery enters a critical state.
[0140] Preferably, the control unit detects whether the power supply to the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit via the at least one battery is in a critical state; preferably, the control unit causes the data transmission unit to send the error message using the energy from the buffer memory when the power supply to the data transmission unit and / or the sensor unit via the at least one battery is in a critical state.
[0141] Preferably, the door closer, in particular the control unit, detects the critical condition depending on the voltage and / or the state of charge of the at least one battery and causes the data transmission unit to send the error message using the energy from the buffer storage.
[0142] Preferably, the door closer, in particular the control unit, monitors the state of the buffer memory and, upon detecting a buffer memory error, initiates a 2024029 / DE
[0143] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0144] 18
[0145] To send a buffer storage error message; in particular, a buffer storage error is detected and the buffer storage error message is sent if, during a test discharge and / or charging of the buffer storage, a measured parameter deviates from a stored value or value range. The measured parameter is, for example, the charging time of the buffer storage and / or the discharging time of the buffer storage and / or the voltage drop during the discharge of the buffer storage.
[0146] Preferably, a message is generated when the actual rotation angle lies within the second angle range, where the closing rotation angle represents a closed position of the output shaft and thus a closed position of the door, separating the first angle range from the second angle range. The message is generated, in particular, by means of the described evaluation unit.
[0147] Preferably, the method includes monitoring the door closing time using the evaluation unit. This can be achieved, for example, by recording how long the actual rotation angle changes in the closing direction until the closing angle is finally reached. If the recorded door closing time deviates from a limit value, a corresponding message is preferably issued. Based on this message, maintenance of the door closer can, for example, be considered.
[0148] Furthermore, it is preferred that the duration of the door's open be monitored. This can also be achieved by regularly checking the actual angle of rotation. A corresponding message is generated, particularly by the evaluation unit, if the door remains open for longer than a predefined period.
[0149] Furthermore, it is preferred that status messages be generated regularly. With an internal evaluation unit, these status messages can be generated in the door closer and sent to the external unit via the data transmission unit. In the case of an external evaluation unit, the status messages can also be generated within 2024029 / DE
[0150] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0151] 19
[0152] The door closer generates a status message and transmits it to the external evaluation unit via the data transmission unit. Regular transmission of the actual rotation angle or a dependent value can also be considered a status message. The external unit, such as the server or mobile device, preferably generates a warning if the status message is missing, faulty, or contains problematic content.
[0153] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that an all-clear message is generated when the actual rotation angle, after being detected in the second rotation angle range, returns to the first rotation angle range. Additionally or alternatively, the all-clear message can be generated when a person acknowledges a corresponding warning, for example, at the described external unit or at the door by operating a control element.
[0154] The invention will now be described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. The following are shown:
[0155] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a monitoring system according to the invention with an external evaluation unit and door closer according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0156] Fig. 1a shows a schematic representation of a variant of the monitoring system according to the invention with an internal evaluation unit in the door closer according to the exemplary embodiment.
[0157] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention, as illustrated in the exemplary embodiment.
[0158] Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the inventive embodiment, 2024029 / DE
[0159] dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025
[0160] 20
[0161] Fig. 4 Components inside a housing of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment,
[0162] Fig. 5 shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the inventive embodiment,
[0163] Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the door closer without the cover of the monitoring system according to the embodiment shown.
[0164] Fig. 7 shows the section AA marked in Fig. 2,
[0165] Fig. 8 shows a detail from Fig. 7.
[0166] Fig. 9 shows an end face of an output shaft of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment,
[0167] Fig. 10 shows a sensor receiving device of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment,
[0168] Fig. 11 shows a detail of the cover of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment,
[0169] Fig. 12 shows a variant of the sensor receiving device of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the inventive embodiment, 2024029 / DE
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[0172] Fig. 13 shows a perspective view of the door closer with the cover of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment,
[0173] Fig. 14 shows a sectional view of a module in the door closer of the monitoring system according to the inventive embodiment,
[0174] Fig. 15 shows a perspective view of the door closer module of the monitoring system according to the inventive embodiment,
[0175] Fig. 16 shows a variant for the design of the module of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment,
[0176] Fig. 17 shows a sectional view of the variant of the module from Fig. 16.
[0177] Fig. 18 shows a variant for attaching the module of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the inventive embodiment, and
[0178] Fig. 19 shows different representations of the left-hand and right-hand arrangement of the housing of the door closer of the monitoring system according to the invention in the exemplary embodiment, with different components hidden for the sake of clarity.
[0179] The following describes a monitoring system 100 with door closer 1 with reference to Figs. 1 to 19.
[0180] According to Fig. 1, the monitoring system 100 includes an evaluation unit 101. In Fig. 1, the evaluation unit 101 is located as an external evaluation unit 101 outside the door closer 1. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 101 can be used as 2024029 / DE
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[0183] Internal evaluation unit 101 - as shown in Fig. 1a - may also be part of the door closer 1.
[0184] Furthermore, the monitoring system 100 includes an external unit 102, for example, a server, a cloud, a building control unit, an end device, or a mobile device. The evaluation unit 101 and the external unit 102 are connected to each other for data transmission.
[0185] The door closer 1 includes a data transmission unit 44. Figure 1 schematically illustrates wireless data transmission from this data transmission unit 44 to the external evaluation unit 101. If, as shown in Figure 1a, the evaluation unit 101 is located as an internal evaluation unit within the door closer 1, the data transmission unit 44 transmits wirelessly to the external unit 102.
[0186] The control unit described in the general section is an integral part of the data transmission unit 44.
[0187] Figures 1 and 1a show schematically that the door closer 1 contains at least one battery 42 and one buffer storage device 46, as described in the general part of the description.
[0188] The monitoring system 100 also includes a lever arrangement 103. The lever arrangement 103 consists of a lever 104 and a slide rail 105.
[0189] As shown in Fig. 1, the door closer 1 is located on a door 200. The guide rail 105 is accordingly attached to a wall 202. The lever 104 connects the door closer 1 to the guide rail 105 on the wall 202. As the schematic representation in Fig. 1 shows, the wall 202 is synonymous with the frame of the door 200.
[0190] The door 200 is mounted so that it can rotate relative to the wall 202 by means of two hinges 201. 2024029 / DE
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[0193] Unless otherwise stated in detail, the following refers to all characters:
[0194] The door closer 1 has a housing 2. A first end face 2.1 and an opposing second end face 2.2 are defined on the housing 2 (see Fig. 3).
[0195] In addition to the housing 2, the door closer 1 has a mounting plate 50 and a cover 30. The housing 2 is attached to the mounting plate 50. The mounting plate 50 includes fastening elements 51, designed as holes. The mounting plate 50 serves to attach the door closer 1 to the door 200 or the wall 202. Furthermore, the door closer 1 includes a module 40. Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of these four assemblies, namely the housing 2, the module 40, the cover 30, and the mounting plate 50.
[0196] In addition to at least one battery 42, the module 40 may also contain the buffer storage unit 46 and / or the data transmission unit 44.
[0197] Furthermore, the door closer 1 has an output shaft 3. The output shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in the housing 2 and is actuated by an energy storage element 4, designed as a coil spring (see Fig. 4). As shown particularly in Fig. 7, the output shaft 3 is supported on both sides by means of a pivot bearing 13. The pivot bearing 13 is secured by a screwed-in pivot bearing lock 14. This pivot bearing lock 14 is considered part of the housing 2.
[0198] The output shaft 3 is exposed on both sides (see Fig. 7), so that, in principle, the lever assembly 103 can be attached to the output shaft 3 on either side. However, in practice, only one side of the output shaft 3 is used to attach the lever assembly 103. The other side of the output shaft 3 is used for positioning a sensor unit 20 in the door closer 1.
[0199] The output shaft 3 has a polygon 3.1, shaped as a square, on each of its two sides. The output shaft 3 is rotated about an axis of rotation 3.32024029 / DE
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[0202] rotatable. Coaxial to the axis of rotation 3.3, the output shaft 3 has a mounting receptacle 3.2 on each side. The mounting receptacle 3.2 is designed as a hole with an internal thread and serves to attach the lever assembly 103 or a sensor 21 of the sensor unit 20, as will be described in detail later.
[0203] In Fig. 4, the housing 2 is hidden, revealing the internal components. Accordingly, the door closer 1 comprises a transmission unit 5 inside the housing 2. This transmission unit 5 has a cam 5.1 that rotates with the output shaft 3. A closing piston 5.2 is guided by a rolling cam 5.3 on the cam 5.1. The rolling cam 5.3 rolls on a flank 5.4 of the cam 5.1. This is shown in detail in the schematic sectional view in Fig. 5.
[0204] Furthermore, Figures 4 and 5 show that a damping piston 6 is guided linearly within the housing 2. This damping piston 6 also rolls against the cam 5.1 with a damping piston roller 7.
[0205] The cam 5.1 has two opposing flanks 5.4 that converge in a recess 5.5. The flanks 5.4 are convex, resulting in a heart-shaped cam 5.1.
[0206] In the illustrations according to Figures 4 and 5, the energy storage device 4 is in a discharged state. The closing piston roller 5.3 rests within the recess 5.5 against the cam 5.1. This relative position between the cam 5.1 and the closing piston roller 5.3 only occurs if the door closer 1 is not yet installed or if the connection via the lever assembly 103 is interrupted due to damage or tampering. However, if the door closer 1 is installed correctly and the connection between the door closer 1 and the wall 202 is ensured via the lever assembly 103, the output shaft 3 is rotated compared to the illustration in Figure 5, so that the closing piston roller 5.3 rests outside the recess 5.5. 2024029 / DE
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[0209] Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a closing direction of rotation 12, in which the output shaft 3 rotates when the door 200 is closed. An opening direction of rotation runs opposite to this indicated closing direction 12.
[0210] Furthermore, Fig. 5 shows, purely by way of example, a closing rotation angle 10 of the output shaft 3, which separates a first angular range 8 and a second angular range 9. The exemplary rotation angle of the output shaft 3 is the actual rotation angle 11. According to the schematic representation in Fig. 5, this lies within the second angular range 9. If the output shaft 3 is rotated against the closing direction 12, the actual rotation angle 11 moves out of the second angular range 9, exceeds the closing rotation angle 10, and reaches the first angular range 8. During normal use of the door, the actual rotation angle 11 moves only within this first angular range 8.
[0211] However, should damage or tampering occur, particularly on the lever arrangement 103, the output shaft 3 will rotate in the closing direction 12 due to the energy storage device 4, until the actual rotation angle 11 is again detected in the second angular range 9.
[0212] The sensor unit 20 is provided for detecting the actual rotation angle 11. The precise design of the sensor unit 20 is shown in particular in Figures 3, 4, and 6 to 12. Accordingly, the sensor unit 20 includes a sensor mounting 22. The sensor mounting 22 is preferably made of plastic. The sensor mounting 22 is screwed into the mounting receptacle 3.2 of the output shaft 3.
[0213] The encoder mounting 22 has a mounting head 22.1 (see Fig. 8). The encoder 21, in particular designed as a permanent magnet, is mounted, in particular glued, onto this mounting head 22.1.
[0214] The fastening head 22.1 comprises a rim 22.2 and a positive locking element 22.3 (see Fig. 9). The rim 22.2 surrounds the sensor 21.2024029 / DE
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[0217] The positive locking element 22.3 and the encoder 21 interlock. The edge 22.2 and / or the positive locking element 22.3 enable precise positioning of the encoder 21 relative to the output shaft 3 and thus relative to the axis of rotation 3.3. In particular, this ensures that the encoder 21 is arranged symmetrically to the axis of rotation 3.3.
[0218] The sensor mounting 22 can have a tool engagement 22.4, which makes it particularly easier to screw the sensor mounting 22 into the mounting receptacle 3.2.
[0219] A sensor 23 is located directly next to the encoder 21, but not touching the encoder 21. This sensor 23 is attached to the end face of the output shaft 3 and thus directly to the encoder 21 by means of a sensor mounting device 24.
[0220] The sensor mounting device 24 comprises a holder 24.1 and a sensor circuit board 24.2. The sensor 23 is located on this sensor circuit board 24.2. The sensor circuit board 24.2 is attached by means of the holder 24.1.
[0221] The bracket 24.1 has a bracket extension 24.4 (see Figs. 7, 8, 10). This extends around the output shaft 3, so that the output shaft 3 projects into the bracket extension 24.4.
[0222] The mounting extension 24.4 bears axially against the housing 2 on the inside, specifically against the axle bearing closure 14. This causes the mounting extension 24.1 to rest against the housing 2. Radially on the outside, the mounting extension 24.4 clamps against an inner surface of the housing 2, thus securing the mounting extension 24.1 to the housing 2.
[0223] Furthermore, the figures, in particular Fig. 6, show that the bracket 24.1 has a retaining spring 24.5. The retaining spring 24.5 rests against the inside of the cover 30, thus clamping the bracket 24.1 between the cover 30 and the housing 2. 2024029 / DE
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[0226] The sensor mounting device 24, in particular the holder 24.1, has a mounting clip 24.3 (see Figs. 7 and 8). The sensor circuit board 24.2 is attached to the holder 24.1 by means of this mounting clip 24.3.
[0227] Figure 11, in particular, illustrates that the cover 30 has mounting tabs 30.1. These mounting tabs 30.1 allow the cover 30 to be attached to the mounting plate 50, in particular by screwing it on. Figure 11 also shows that the cover 30 has at least one mounting receptacle 30.2 on its inner side. The bracket 24.1 projects into this mounting receptacle 30.2. Specifically, a recess 30.3 without mounting tabs 30.1 is provided in the area of the mounting receptacle 30.2. This ensures that the mounting tabs 30.1 do not obstruct the bracket 24.1 when the cover 30 is installed.
[0228] Fig. 12 shows an alternative mounting of the sensor 23. In this configuration, the sensor 23 is also arranged on the sensor circuit board 24.2. The bracket 24.1 receives the sensor circuit board 24.2. However, the bracket 24.1 is designed so that it can be attached directly to the mounting plate 50, in particular by screwing it on. This also makes it possible to mount the sensor 23 directly to the end face of the output shaft 3 and thus directly to the encoder 21.
[0229] As shown in Fig. 13, the cladding 30 has two opposing end walls 31. The end walls 31 are connected to each other via two opposing side walls 32. In particular, it is provided that the two end walls 31 and the two side walls 32 together form the base body of the cladding 30. This base body of the cladding 30 can be closed by means of a cover 33.
[0230] Fig. 13 shows the removed cover 33. It is clearly visible that the described mounting receptacle 30.2 is formed twice on the inside of one of the two side walls 32. This double design of the mounting receptacle 30.2 is used in particular when the housing 2 is located between a left-hand arrangement A and a right-hand arrangement A.
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[0233] Arrangement B is changed, as will be explained in detail with reference to Fig. 19.
[0234] The situation is similar with the axle recess 34 shown in Fig. 13. In the illustration, the left axle recess 34 is used to connect the lever assembly 103 to the output shaft 3. A similar axle recess 34 is also provided on the right side of the housing 30 shown, which is closed, for example, by a blanking plate (not shown) or can be broken out.
[0235] Furthermore, Fig. 13 shows the aforementioned module 40 within the casing 30. This module 40 can also be arranged on either side of the casing 30, due to the optional left-side arrangement A and right-side arrangement B of the housing 2. Therefore, Fig. 13 shows a module receptacle 35 on both end walls 31 of the casing 30. In the illustration according to Fig. 13, the right-hand module receptacle 35 is used.
[0236] The module receptacle 35 has a module slot 35.1 and a module clip 35.2. As will be described below, the module 40 comprises a module circuit board 43. This can be inserted into the module slot 35.1 and secured by means of the module clip 35.2.
[0237] The module 40 has a housing assembly 41. According to Figures 13 to 15, the housing assembly 41 comprises an inner housing 41.1 and an outer housing 41.2. The inner housing 41.1 serves to directly accommodate batteries 42. The inner housing 41.1 is arranged within the outer housing 41.2. The outer housing 41.2 is attached to the module circuit board 43 and additionally supported against the mounting plate 50 by spacers 41.3.
[0238] The spacers 41.3 ensure a distance 41.4 (see Fig. 14) between module 40 and mounting plate 50. This distance 41.4 can prove advantageous in the event of a fire if the mounting plate 50 is heated via the door 200, since the distance 41.4 prevents direct heat transfer to module 40 and thus to the batteries 42. 2024029 / DE
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[0241] Figures 16 and 17 show a variant of the module 40. In this variant, the housing assembly 41 comprises only the inner housing 41.1. The inner housing 41.1 serves to directly accommodate the batteries 42. The inner housing 41.1 is attached to the module circuit board 43. The distance 41.4 (see Figure 17) is maintained in this configuration as well.
[0242] Fig. 18 shows one variant for attaching the module 40 to the mounting plate 50. The housing assembly 41 is attached to the mounting plate 50 by means of a housing fastener 45, for example, a screw. The module receptacle 35 can also be omitted. Due to the optional left-side (A) and right-side (B) arrangement of the housing 2, the module 40 can preferably be attached to both sides of the mounting plate 50 using the housing fastener 45.
[0243] In all illustrated variants, module 40 can be removed without damage. For tool-free removal, the module clip 35.2 can be designed to be sufficiently large for manual operation. The housing fastening 45 can also be removed without tools, e.g., by means of a wing nut.
[0244] As shown schematically in Figs. 14 and 17, 18, the data transmission unit 44 can be located in the module 40, for example in or on the module circuit board 43.
[0245] The housing 2 can be divided into two halves, with the first half corresponding to the first end face 2.1 and the second half corresponding to the second end face 2.2. The output shaft 3 is located in the first half and thus closer to the first end face 2.1 than to the second end face 2.2. The energy storage device 4 is located at least partially in the second half and thus closer to the second end face 2.2 than to the first end face 2.1.
[0246] As a comparison of, for example, Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 makes particularly clear, the first end face 2.1 corresponds to at least one band 201 of the door 2024029 / DE
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[0249] 200 facing. Accordingly, the second end face 2.2 of a main closing edge 203 of the door 200 faces.
[0250] Fig. 19 illustrates in detail the previously mentioned left-hand arrangement A of the housing 2 and the right-hand arrangement B of the housing 2. In the four illustrations of Fig. 19, components are gradually hidden to clearly show the complete structure.
[0251] For clarity, Fig. 19 shows both arrangements A and B, recognizing that only one of these two arrangements is ever used on a door 200. For orientation, the first illustration in Fig. 19 also shows the hinges 201 of the door 200. The first end face 2.1 of the housing 2, and thus half of the housing 2 with the output shaft 3, is always assigned to these hinges 201.
[0252] Fig. 19 illustrates that the module 40 is arranged on the mounting plate 50 next to the second end face 2.2 of the housing 2. When switching between the left-hand arrangement A and the right-hand arrangement B, the mounting plate 50 is not rotated. Only the housing 2 is rotated, so that the first end face 2.1 and the second end face 2.2 change their left / right orientation. The mounting plate 50, particularly with its fastening elements 51, is designed such that the housing 2 can be attached to the mounting plate 50 in both the left-hand arrangement A and the right-hand arrangement B, ensuring that the module 40 always occupies space next to the second end face 2.2.
[0253] As shown, for example, in Fig. 19, the mounting plate 50 can have an alignment indicator 52, for example in the form of arrows. This alignment indicator 52 shows in which orientation the mounting plate 50 must be attached. The last illustration in Fig. 19 clarifies that the alignment indicator 52 is oriented the same way for both the left-hand arrangement A and the right-hand arrangement B, which means that the mounting plate 50 does not need to be rotated. 2024029 / DE
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[0256] 32 List of reference symbols
[0257] 1 door closer
[0258] 2 cases
[0259] 2.1 First front
[0260] 2.2 second front
[0261] 3 Output shaft
[0262] 3.1 Polygon
[0263] 3.2 Mounting bracket
[0264] 3.3 Axis of rotation of the output shaft
[0265] 4 Energy storage
[0266] 5 transmission unit
[0267] 5.1 Cams
[0268] 5.2 Locking piston
[0269] 5.3 Closing piston roller
[0270] 5.4 Flank
[0271] 5.5 In-depth study
[0272] 6 damping pistons
[0273] 7 Damping piston roller
[0274] 8 first angle range
[0275] 9 second angle range
[0276] 10 Closing rotation angles
[0277] 11 Actual rotation angle
[0278] 12. Closing direction
[0279] 13 axle bearings
[0280] 14 Axle bearing closure as housing component 20 Sensor unit
[0281] 21 transmitters
[0282] 22 Sensor mounting
[0283] 22.1 Mounting head
[0284] 22.2 Margin
[0285] 22.3 Positive locking element
[0286] 22.4 Tool engagement
[0287] 23 Sensor
[0288] 24 Sensor recording device
[0289] 24.1 Bracket
[0290] 24.2 Sensor circuit board
[0291] 24.3 Mounting clip
[0292] 24.4 Mounting extension
[0293] 24.5 Mounting spring
[0294] 30 cladding
[0295] 30.1 Mounting tabs
[0296] 30.2 Mounting bracket
[0297] 30.3 Recess
[0298] 31 end walls
[0299] 32 side panels 2024029 / DE
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[0301] 33 33 lid
[0302] 34 Axle recess
[0303] 35 module recordings
[0304] 35.1 Module slot
[0305] 35.2 Module Clip
[0306] 40 Module
[0307] 41 Housing arrangement
[0308] 41.1 Inner housing
[0309] 41.2 Outer casing
[0310] 41.3 Spacers
[0311] 41.4 distance
[0312] 42 batteries
[0313] 43 Module circuit board
[0314] 44 Data transmission unit
[0315] 45 Housing mounting
[0316] 46 buffer storage tanks
[0317] 50 Mounting plate
[0318] 51 fasteners
[0319] 52 Alignment indicator
[0320] 100 monitoring systems
[0321] 101 Evaluation unit
[0322] 102 external unit
[0323] 103 Lever arrangement
[0324] 104 levers
[0325] 105 Sliding rail
[0326] 200 door
[0327] 201 tapes
[0328] 202 Wall (frame)
[0329] 203 Main closing edge
[0330] A Left-side arrangement of the housing B Right-side arrangement of the housing
Claims
2024029 / DE dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025 34 Patent claims 1. Monitoring system (100) comprising a door closer (1) for closing a door (200), • with a housing (2) and an output shaft (3) mounted therein, designed for attaching a lever arrangement (103), • with a mechanical energy storage device (4) in the housing (2) which acts on the output shaft (3) to rotate in a closing direction (12), wherein the energy storage device (4) is preferably designed as a spring, • with a sensor unit (20) for detecting an actual rotation angle (11) that depends on the rotation angle of the output shaft (3), • with a data transmission unit (44), in particular designed for wireless data transmission, • with at least one battery (42) to power the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20), • and with an electric buffer storage unit (46), • wherein the door closer is designed to send an error message by means of the data transmission unit (44), using the energy from the buffer storage (46), when the power supply of the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20) via the at least one battery (42) is in a critical state.
2. Monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the buffer storage (46) comprises at least one capacitor and / or at least one electrochemical energy storage device.
3. Monitoring system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the door closer (1) comprises a control unit configured to detect whether the power supply to the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20) via the at least one battery (42) is in a critical state. 2024029 / DE dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025 35 4. Monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the control unit is configured to cause the data transmission unit (44) to send the error message using the energy from the buffer storage (46) when the power supply of the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20) via the at least one battery (42) enters a critical state.
5. Monitoring system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the door closer, in particular the control unit, is configured to detect the critical condition depending on the voltage and / or the state of charge of the at least one battery (42) and to cause the data transmission unit (44) to send the error message using the energy from the buffer storage (46).
6. Monitoring system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one battery (42) is designed and arranged to maintain the charge of the buffer storage (46).
7. Method for operating a monitoring system (100), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, with a door closer (1) for closing a door (200), comprising the following steps: • Detecting, by means of a sensor unit (20), an actual rotation angle (11) which depends on the rotation angle of an output shaft (3) of the door closer (1), • wherein the output shaft (3) is designed to attach a lever arrangement (103), • wherein the output shaft (3) is acted upon by a mechanical energy storage device (4) of the door closer (1) to rotate in a closing direction (12), • Using a data transmission unit (44), in particular designed for wireless data transmission, • Using at least one battery (42) to power the data transmission unit (44) and the sensor unit (20), • Using an electric buffer storage device (46),2024029 / DE dormakaba Deutschland GmbH 18.02.2025 36 • wherein, by means of the data transmission unit (44), using the energy from the buffer storage (46), an error message is sent when the power supply of the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20) via the at least one battery (42) enters a critical state.
8. Method according to claim 7, wherein a control unit detects whether the power supply of the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20) via the at least one battery (42) is in a critical state; preferably wherein the control unit causes the data transmission unit (44) to send the error message using the energy from the buffer memory (46) when the power supply of the data transmission unit (44) and / or the sensor unit (20) via the at least one battery (42) is in a critical state.
9. Method according to one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the door closer (1), in particular the control unit, detects the critical condition depending on the voltage and / or the state of charge of the at least one battery (42) and causes the data transmission unit (44) to send the error message using the energy from the buffer storage (46).
10. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the door closer (1), in particular the control unit, monitors a state of the buffer memory (46) and, upon detection of a buffer memory error, causes the data transmission unit (44) to send a buffer memory error message; wherein, in particular, the buffer memory error is detected and the buffer memory error message is sent when, during a test discharge and / or charging of the buffer memory (46), a measured parameter, in particular a charging time and / or discharge time and / or voltage drop, deviates from a stored value or range of values.