Solar farm supporting wide swath farming

Abstract

A solar farm includes a field suitable for growing crops and a plurality of rows of aligned racking support structures with farmable swaths extending between adjacent rows. Each row of racking support structures has a plurality of swing arm racks with solar panels thereon. The swing arm racks are movable from a solar collection position where they extend over the farmable swath, and a retracted or folded-in position where they are out of the farmable swath and retracted to or folded along the row of racking support structures. Spacing between adjacent rows of racking support structures may be 50 or more feet allowing farming operations to be performed with tractors having wide farming implements to accomplish the farming operation in a single pass minimizing the time the solar farm is not in a maximum solar generating mode.

Description

Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01SOLAR FARM SUPPORTING WIDE SWATH FARMINGCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 760,588 filed February 19, 2025 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 765,509 filed February 28, 2025.FIELD OF INVENTION

[0002] The present disclosure relates to solar energy systems for agricultural land, and more particularly to a convertible solar farm with pivoting panel arrays that can be reconfigured to allow farming operations.BACKGROUND

[0003] Solar energy has become an increasingly important renewable energy source as the world seeks to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate climate change. Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels convert sunlight directly into electricity, providing a clean and sustainable power generation method. Large-scale solar farms have been deployed in many regions to harness solar energy on an industrial scale.

[0004] However, the land requirements for utility-scale solar farms can compete with other land uses, particularly agriculture. As global populations grow, there is increasing pressure to maximize food production while also transitioning to renewable energy sources. This has led to interest in ways to integrate solar power generation with agricultural activities on the same land.

[0005] Some approaches involve elevating solar panels high above crops to allow farming underneath. Other concepts use widely spaced rows of solar panels to permit farm equipment access between them. There have also been experiments with semi-transparent or spectrally selective PV materials that allow some light through to crops below.

[0006] Balancing optimal solar energy capture with agricultural productivity presents challenges. Solar tracking systems that continuously adjust panel angles for maximum sunAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01exposure may interfere with farming operations. Fixed panel arrangements optimized for energy production may not provide ideal conditions for crop growth. Additionally, large permanent solar installations can make it difficult to rotate crops or adjust farming practices over time.

[0007] The integration of solar energy and agriculture, sometimes called agrivoltaics, remains an active area of research and development. Agrivoltaics is a field of study of combining agriculture with solar energy in a way that augments the performance of both. Typically, solar farms have a high density of solar panels and racking supporting structure that precludes the use of modern tractors with wide farming implements, for example, those extending 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 feet or more for tilling, planting, and fertilizing. Some solutions elevate the arrays such that farming equipment can pass under the array. Such structures involve substantial amounts of steel. Any solar farms with systems and methods that enhance agrivoltaics, that allow farming with modern wide farming implements, without sacrificing power generating capabilities of the solar farm, would be well received by the farming industry.SUMMARY

[0008] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0009] In embodiments, a solar farm has a plurality of rows of fixed to the ground support structures on sides of strips of farmland for growing crops. In an embodiment, a strip has a row of support structures with the solar panel rigid racking structured with groupings of solar panels mounted thereon, the racking structure extending over each strip of farm land in at a height and positioning that obstructs a farming operation with a tractor, such as cultivating, seeding, fertilizing, and harvesting. The rigid racking structures supporting the solar panels are movable from a solar energy receiving position over the strips of farmland to a retracted position substantially not over strip of farmland. In embodiments the rigid racking structures a re swing arms that rotate about a vertical axis to a retracted position where farming operations with a tractor and farming implement towed behind can pass. In embodiments, the rackingAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01structures can elevate out of the way. In embodiments, the racking structures can fold together. In embodiments, the racking structures are cantilevered out over the crops and are pivotally connected to the support structures, distal ends panel

[0010] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a solar farm, systems, apparatuses, and methods suitable for farming in solar farms with extended width farming implements is provided. In embodiments, a solar farm includes a field suitable for growing crops and a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in the field. Each row has a multiplicity of solar panels extending a length of each particular row, with each row separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing. Each row comprises a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies. Each swing arm racking assembly comprises a central support structure or central support portion and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom. Each swing arm has a first position in alignment with the respective row, and a second position transverse to the respective row. When each of the swing arm racks are in the second position, they are extending in proximity with at least one corresponding pivoting swing arm racking assembly of an adjacent row. In embodiments, a swing arm may have a separate elongate solar panel rack attached thereto.

[0011] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the solar farm may include one or more of the following features. The row to row spacing may be in the range of 12 to 20 feet. Each swing arm of each swing arm racking assembly may have a length that is greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows. Each swing arm of each swing arm racking assembly may have a length that is at least two times greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows. Each swing arm may be at least 18 feet in length. Each swing arm may be pivotally attached to the respective central support structure from which the swing arm extends. The pair of elongate solar panel swing ami racks of each swing arm racking assembly may pivot at the central support structure and move from the first position to the second position with both swing arm racks extending in the same direction at the second position. The pivoting of the swing arm racks may be powered. Each of the pair of swing arm racks of each of the respective swing arm racking assemblies may be angularly fixed with respect to each other, and when each of the pairs of swing arm racks moves from the first position to the second position, the swing arm racks of each pair may extend in opposite directions. The solar panels of each respective swing arm rack may be angularly adjustableAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01about an elongate axis of the swing arm rack. In embodiments, swing arm racks may pivot upwardly and downwardly about a horizontal axis at the connection to the racking support structure.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a solar farm suitable for farming with extended width fanning equipment is provided. The solar farm includes a field suitable for growing crops and a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in the field. Each row has a multiplicity of solar panels extending a length of each particular row, with each row separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing. Each row comprises a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies. Each swing arm racking assembly comprises a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom. Each swing arm rack has a primary solar energy absorbing position in alignment with the respective row, and a second farming optimal position transverse to the respective row. When each of the swing am racks are in the second position, they are extending in proximity with at least one corresponding pivoting swing arm racking assembly of an adjacent row. When each of the swing arm racks of each of the swing am racking assemblies of each of the plurality of rows is in the second position, the swing ami racking assemblies define a plurality of farmable swaths extending traverse to the plurality of rows, and each of the famable swaths have a width of at least two times the row to row spacing. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 70 feet. In embodiments, the famable swath can be greater than 80 feet. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 90 feet. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 100 feet.

[0013] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the solar fam may include one or more of the following features. The row to row spacing between racking support structures, or support structure portions, may be in the range of 12 to 20 feet. Each swing am rack of each swing arm racking assembly may have a length that is greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows. Each swing am rack of each swing arm racking assembly may have a length that is at least two times greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows. Each swing arm rack may be at least 20 feet in length. Each swing am rack may be pivotally attached to the respective central support structure from which the swing arm rack extends. The pair of elongate solar panel swing am racks of each swing arm racking assembly may pivot at the central support structure and move from the firstAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01position to the second position with both swing aim racks extending in generally the same direction at the second position. The pivoting of the swing ami racks may be powered. Each of the pair of swing arm racks of each of the respective swing arm racking assemblies may be angularly fixed with respect to each other, and when each of the pairs of swing ami racks moves from the first position to the second position, the swing arm racks of each pair may extend in opposite directions. The solar panels of each respective swing arm rack may be angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, means are provided for reducing the bending load on the central racking supports caused by the swing arm racks. Such means includes bracing extending from the central racking support, below or above the swing arm racks, guy wires extending downwardly from the central racking support positioned above the swing arm rack, a ballast on an opposing swing arm, utilizing a pair of opposing swing arm racks that remain opposing as the swing arm move from the solar generating position to the famiing position, legs that extend from the end of the swing arm rack to engage the ground. Such legs may be retractable or removable. In embodiments, the end of the swing arm racks may have ground engaging wheels to facilitate movement from one position to the other position. The wheels can be retractable or removable or permanently fixed to the end of the swing arm racks.

[0015] In embodiments, the ballast on an opposing swing arm may be provided on a counterweight swing arm extending oppositely each primary swing arm rack. The counterweight swing arm being shorter than the swing arm rack. The ballast may be adjustable and / or removable, for example when the swing ann racks are moved to a fully extended position in the primary solar energy collection mode, the ballast can be un-weighted or lessened to allow one or more ground engaging member at a distal end or other location on the swing arm rack to firmly engage the ground utilizing the weight of the swing arm rack. In embodiments, the counterweight swing arm may also have solar panels affixed thereto such that it is a secondary swing arm rack opposite a primary swing arm rack.

[0016] In embodiments, the swing arms may have a pivot connection with a horizontal axis to permit raising of the distal end of the swing arm racks sufficient for the farming equipment to get thereunder. In embodiments the pivot connection is located at or proximateAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01the connection of the swing arm rack to the racking support structure. In embodiments, the pivot connection may be displaced from the connection of the swing arm rack to the racking support structure.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a solar farm comprising a matrixically arrangement of swing arm racking assemblies is provided. The swing arm assemblies are arranged in rows extending laterally generally east-west and in columns extending forwardly and rearwardly, and generally north-south. Each swing arm racking assembly may comprise an upwardly extending central racking support structure and a pair of swing arms racks each with a plurality of solar panels mounted thereon. In embodiments, the pair of swing arm racks extend from opposite sides of the central support structure. Each of the swing arm racks is movable between a generally east-west alignment for optimal solar energy absorption and a generally north-south alignment for farming operations.

[0018] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the solar farm may include one or more of the following features. When the swing arm racks are in the east-west alignment, fanuable swaths between the columns of swing arm racking assemblies may be defined. In embodiments, each of the farmable swaths may be at least about 40 feet wide. In embodiments, each of the farmable swaths may be at least about 60 feet wide. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 70 feet. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 80 feet. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 90 feet. In embodiments, the farmable swath can be greater than 100 feet.

[0019] When each of the swing arm racks extend generally east-west, there may be row to row spacing between the east-west extending rows of swing arm racking assemblies, the row to row spacing being between about 12 to 20 feet. Each central support structure may comprise a post. The spacing between the swing arm racking assemblies in each row, more specifically the width between the central racking supports generally defining the width of the fanuable swaths, farmable with a single wide implement extending the width of the farmable swath. In embodiments, the spacing between the central racking supports may be 40 feet or more. In embodiments, the spacing between the central racking supports may be 60 feet or more. In embodiments, the spacing between the central racking supports may be about 70 feet.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0020] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a swing arm racking assembly for solar farms is provided. The swing arm racking assembly comprises a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom. Each swing am rack has a first position and is rotatable to a second position. The second position is separated from the first position by an angular distance in the range of about 80 to 110 degrees. Each of the solar panel swing arm racks is at least 20 feet in length.

[0021] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the swing arm racking assembly may include one or more of the following features. Each swing arm rack may be pivotally attached to the central support structure. Each of the pair of swing arm racks may be angularly fixed with respect to other swing arm rack. The central support structure may be a post. Each swing arm rack may be supported by a guy wire extending from the central support structure outwardly and downwardly to an end portion of the respective swing arm.

[0022] In embodiments, means for accommodating excessive wind loads are provided. Such means include for example, means for connecting swing arm racks to other structures, means for engaging the ground with legs or other structures extending from the swing arm structure, stabilizing linkages that connect the ends of a plurality of adjacent swing arm racks, and rotation means for rotating the swing arm racks about their elongate axis.

[0023] The means for connecting swing arm racks to other structures include connecting adjacent pairs of extended or folded swing arm racks to adjacent structures, including connecting end portions of adjacent fully extended swing arm racks when in the primary solar energy collection position, or connecting adjacent pairs of swing arm racks when in the farming operation mode. Means for connecting swing arm racks to adjacent structures include connecting a swing arm rack to an adj acent racking support structure when in the fully extended primary solar energy collection position.

[0024] According to embodiments of the disclosure, means are provided for removable engaging the ground at the distal ends of the swing arm racks or other locations. Such means may include retractable or non retractable ground engaging portions extending from the swing arm racks, removable or non-removable legs extending from the swing arm racks, pivoting legs extending from the distal end portions or other portions of the swing arm racks, and raising and lowering the swing arm rack. The legs that extend from the distal end portions may beAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01adjustable in height and may have means for securing the leg into the ground, or a plate for preventing the leg from extending into the ground.

[0025] In embodiments, stabilizing linkages may extend peripherally about a plurality of the remain connected when the swing arms are in the primary solar energy receiving position, the folded fanning operations position, and the transition or transformation therebetween.

[0026] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of operating a solar farm system is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in a field, each row having a multiplicity of solar panels extending a length of each particular row, each row separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing. The method further includes positioning each of a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies in each row in a first position for solar energy collection, wherein each swing arm racking assembly comprises a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom. The method also includes rotating the swing arm racks of the swing arm racking assemblies from the first position to a second position transverse to the respective row to create farming swaths between the rows.

[0027] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the method may include one or more of the following features. The row to row spacing may be in the range of 12 to 20 feet. Each swing arm of each swing arm racking assembly may have a length that is greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows. Each swing arm rack of each swing arm racking assembly may have a length that is at least two times greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows. Each swing arm rack may be pivotally attached to the respective central support structure from which the swing arm rack extends. The pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly may pivot at the central support structure and move from the first position to the second position with both swing arm racks extending in the same direction at the second position. The rotating of the swing arm racks may be powered. The solar panels of each respective swing arm rack may be angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis. When each of the swing arm racks of each of the swing arm racking assemblies of each of the plurality of rows is in the second position, the swing arm racking assemblies may define a plurality of farmable swaths extending transverse to the plurality of rows, and each of the farmable swaths may have a width of at least two timesAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01the row to row spacing. The method may further include performing farming operations in the farming swaths while the swing arm racks are in the second position, and rotating the swing arm racks back to the first position after completing the farming operations.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a swing arm racking assembly for solar farms is provided. The swing arm racking assembly includes a central support structure, a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending from the central support structure, each swing arm rack having a length of at least 20 feet, and a pivot mechanism connecting each swing arm rack to the central support structure. The pivot mechanism is configured to rotate each swing arm rack between a first position aligned with a row of solar panels and a second position transverse to the row of solar panels.

[0029] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the swing arm racking assembly may include one or more of the following features. The pivot mechanism may comprise a powered actuator configured to rotate the swing arm racks between the first position and the second position. Each swing arm rack may comprise a plurality of solar panels mounted thereon. The solar panels may be angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis relative to the swing arm. The swing arm racking assembly may further include a stabilizer link assembly connected between the central support structure and each swing arm rack to maintain alignment during rotation. The second position may be approximately 90 degrees from the first position.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a solar farm system is provided. The solar farm system includes a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in a field, each row having a multiplicity of solar panels extending a length of each particular row. Each row is separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing of between 12 to 20 feet. Each row comprises a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies, each swing arm racking assembly comprising a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom, each swing arm rack having a length greater than the row to row spacing. The swing arm racks are movable between a first position aligned with the respective row for solar energy collection and a second position transverse to the respective row for creating farming swaths.

[0031] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the solar farm system may include one or more of the following features. Each swing arm rack may have a length that isAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01at least two times greater than the row to row spacing. The swing arm racks may be pivotally attached to the respective central support structures from which the swing arm racks extend. The pivoting of the swing arm racks may be powered by actuators. When the swing arm racks are in the second position, they may define farmable swaths extending transverse to the plurality of rows, each farmable swath having a width of at least two times the row to row spacing.

[0032] In embodiment, a solar farm has a high density of solar panels when in a solar energy collection mode, allows single pass farming with tractors having wide implements, for example those extending 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 feet or more for tilling, planting, and fertilizing, when the solar arm is in the farm operation mode. In embodiments, spacing of the racking support structure defines the size of farmable swaths, with solar racking systems extending out into the swath in the solar collection mode and retracting in or folding in when in the farming operation mode.

[0033] The foregoing general description of the illustrative embodiments and the following detailed description thereof are merely exemplary aspects of the teachings of this disclosure and are not restrictive.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0034] Non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples are described with reference to the following figures.

[0035] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a solar energy farm with a solar panel array installed on a ground surface, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 2 shows a top view of the unfolded solar panel array of FIG. 1, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0037] FIG. 3 depicts a front elevation view of the solar panel array of FIG. 1.

[0038] FIG. 4 illustrates a side elevation view of an unfolded solar panel array system, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG. 5 shows a top view of a solar panel array system with panels in a partially folded configuration, in accordance with example embodiments.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0040] FIG. 6 depicts a perspective view of a solar panel array system in a partially folded configuration, according to an embodiment.

[0041] FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of a solar panel array system with panels in a folded position, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIGS. 8-9 show front and side elevation views of a solar panel array system in a folded configuration, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0043] FIG. 10 depicts an isometric view of a solar panel array system, according to an embodiment.

[0044] FIG. 11 illustrates a top view of an unfolded solar panel array system, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIG. 12 shows a side elevation view of an unfolded solar panel array system, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0046] FIG. 13 depicts a side elevation view of a solar panel array system in a folded configuration, according to an embodiment.

[0047] FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate perspective views of a solar panel racking system with a folding actuator mechanism, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIG. 16 shows an isometric view of a solar panel array system in an unfolded configuration, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0049] FIGS. 17A-17B depict front and side elevation views of an unfolded solar panel array system, according to an embodiment.

[0050] FIG. 17C is a front elevation view illustrating the capability of swing arm racks rotating about their elongate axis to follow the sun during the day.

[0051] FIG. 18 illustrates an isometric view of a solar panel array system with panels positioned at an angle, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0052] FIG. 19 shows an isometric view of a solar panel array system in a folded configuration, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0053] FIG. 20 depicts a front elevation view of a solar panel array in a folded configuration, according to an embodiment.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0054] FIGS. 21-22 illustrate perspective views of a portion of a solar panel racking system, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0055] FIG. 23 shows a detail perspective view of a panel rotation actuator mechanism, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0056] FIGS. 24-25 depict detail perspective views of a panel rotation actuator mechanism, according to an embodiment.

[0057] FIGS. 26-27 illustrate detail perspective views of a panel rotation mechanism in a folded configuration, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0058] FIG. 28 shows a top view of a solar panel array system in a partially folded configuration, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0059] FIG. 29 depicts a plan view of a solar panel array system in a fully folded configuration, according to an embodiment.

[0060] FIG. 30 illustrates an isometric view of a stabilizer link assembly for a solar panel racking system, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0061] FIGS. 31-32 show isometric views of a stabilizer link assembly in different configurations, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0062] FIG. 33 depicts a front elevation view of a solar farm with support structure with guy wires, according to an embodiment.

[0063] FIG. 34 illustrates a top view of the solar farm of FIG. 33 configured for solar generation, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0064] FIG. 35 shows a top view of the solar farm of FIG. 33 in a folded configuration for farming operations, in accordance with example embodiments.

[0065] FIG. 36 is a perspective view of another solar farm with a solar array in accord with embodiments of the disclosure, the solar arrays in a solar generation configuration.

[0066] FIG. 37 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 36.

[0067] FIG. 38 A is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 36.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0068] FIG. 38B is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 36 with the solar panels rotated by rotation of the swing arm racks.

[0069] FIG. 38C is a front elevation view of a solar farm with the swing arm racks in a tilted configuration for accommodating hills or a slope on the solar farm.

[0070] FIG. 38D is a front elevation view of a solar farm with the swing arm racks in a tilted configuration for accommodating a seasonal position of the sun.

[0071] FIG. 39 is a side elevation view of the solar fam of FIG. 36.

[0072] FIG. 40 is a top plan view of the solar fam of FIG. 36 in mid rotation from a solar energy generating position to a farming position.

[0073] FIG. 41 is a perspective view of the solar fam of FIG. 36 with the swing arm racks all in the farming operation position and with a tractor with a wide implement performing a farming operation in the wide forming swath.

[0074] FIG. 42 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 41.

[0075] FIG. 43 is a front elevation view of two swing am racking assemblies, each with a single swing am, the swing am supported by a guy wire and ballast.

[0076] FIG. 44 is a top plan view of a solar array with 12 of the swing am racking assemblies of FIG. 43 in a solar energy collecting position.

[0077] FIG. 45 is a top plan view of the solar array of FIG. 44 with the swing anus rotated approximately 45 degrees from the position of FIG. 44.

[0078] FIG. 46 is a top plan view of the solar array of FIG. 45 with the swing arms rotated 90 degrees from the position of FIG. 44 in a farming operation configuration.

[0079] FIG. 47A is a front elevation view of the swing arm racking assembly with a swing arm having a horizontal axis at the racking support.

[0080] FIG. 47B is a front elevation view of the swing anu racking assembly of FIG. 47 A with the swing am rack raised off the ground providing clearance for the farm machinery therebelow.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0081] FIG. 48A is a perspective view of a swing arm racking assembly with raising and lower capabilities of the swing arm rack and rotation of the swing arm rack about its elongate axis and counter weight swing arm about the racking support structure.

[0082] FIG. 48B is a perspective view of another swing arm racking assembly with raising and lowering of the distal end of the swing arm rack, swinging the swing arm rack horizontally, and rotating the swing arm rack about the elongate axis of the swing arm rack.

[0083] FIG. 49 is top plan view of a solar farm with the swing arm racking assemblies of FIG. 47 and 48 A or 48B.

[0084] FIG. 50 is a plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 49 with the swing arm racks raised providing clearance for farm equipment in the farm operation configuration.

[0085] FIG. 51 is a plan view of another embodiment of a swing arm racking assembly with a plurality of swing arm racks pivotally connected to a singular racking support structure.

[0086] FIG. 52 is a plan view of the swing arm racking assemblies of FIG. 51 in a raised position, in the farming operation mode.

[0087] FIG. 53 is a plan view of a swing arm racking assembly with a single swing arm rack that extends across the farming swath and may connect to an adjacent swing arm support structure.

[0088] FIG. 54 is a perspective view of another solar farm with solar arrays in a solar energy collection mode in accord with embodiments of the disclosure.

[0089] FIG. 55 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 54.

[0090] FIG. 56 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 54.

[0091] FIG. 57 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 54 with the solar arrays in a farming operation configuration.

[0092] FIG. 58 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 57 with the solar array in the farming operation position.

[0093] FIG. 59 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 57.

[0094] FIG. 60 is a perspective view of a solar farm.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0095] FIG. 61 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 60 without the pairs of swing arms tilted.

[0096] FIG. 62 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 60 with the pairs of swing arms tilted 10 degrees.

[0097] FIG. 63 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 60 with the pairs of swing arms tilted 20 degrees.

[0098] FIG. 64 is a perspective view of a solar farm in accord with embodiments and with the solar arrays in unfolded or solar generation configuration.

[0099] FIG. 65 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the folded or farming operation position

[0100] FIG. 66 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the unfolded or solar generation configuration.

[0101] FIG. 67 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the folded or farming operation configuration.

[0102] FIG. 68 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the unfolded or solar generation configuration.

[0103] FIG. 69 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the folded or farming operation configuration.

[0104] FIG. 70 is a side elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the unfolded or solar generation configuration.

[0105] FIG. 71 is a side elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 64 with the solar arrays in the folded or farming operation configuration.

[0106] FIG. 72 is a perspective view of a solar farm similar to the solar farm of FIG. 64, with elevated posts providing support and operation of foldable racking assemblies, the racks in a fully extended solar energy collection position.

[0107] FIG. 73 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 72 with the foldable racking assemblies in a partially retracted positionAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0108] FIG. 74 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 72, with the folding racking assemblies fully retracted in the farming operation position.

[0109] FIG. 75 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 72. with the folding racking assemblies fully retracted in the farming operation position

[0110] FIG 76 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 72 in the fully extended position.

[0111] FIG. 77 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 72 with the folding racking assemblies fully retracted in the farming operation position.

[0112] FIG. 78 is a perspective view of a solar farm showing a plurality of racking swing arm assemblies without solar panels mounted thereon.

[0113] FIG. 79 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 78, with swing arm racks partially folded.

[0114] FIG. 80 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 78.

[0115] FIG. 81 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 78.

[0116] FIG. 82 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 79 with the swing arm racks partially folded.

[0117] FIG. 83 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 78 with the swing arm racks fully folded.

[0118] FIG. 84 is a top plan view of the solar fam of FIG. 83.

[0119] FIG. 85 is a front elevation view of the solar fam configured as illustrated in FIGS.83 and 84.

[0120] FIG. 86 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 78 with solar panels mounted on the swing arm racks.

[0121] FIG. 87 is a perspective view of the solar fam of FIG. 86 with the swing arm racks with solar panels rotated to a vertical position.

[0122] FIG. 88 is a plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 86.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014WG1

[0123] FIG. 89 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIG. 88 with the swing arm racks with solar panels partially folded.

[0124] FIG. 90 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 89.

[0125] FIG. 91 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIGS. 86 to 90 with the swing arm racks in a fully folded view in a wide implement farming operation mode.

[0126] FIG. 92 is a top plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 91.

[0127] FIG. 93 is a side elevation view of the solar farm of FIGS. 91 and 92.

[0128] FIG. 94 is a side elevation view of the solar farm of FIGS. 86 and 88.

[0129] FIG. 95 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIGS. 86 and 88.

[0130] FIG. 96 is a front elevation view of the solar farm with partially folded swing arm racks as configured in FIGS. 89 and 90.

[0131] FIG. 97 is a front elevation view of the solar farm with folded swing arm racks as illustrated in FIGS. 91 and 92.

[0132] FIG. 98 is a perspective view of a solar farm showing a plurality of racking swing arm assemblies without solar panels mounted thereon, the swing arms in a primary solar energy collection mode.

[0133] FIG. 99 is a front elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 98.

[0134] FIG. 100 is a perspective view of a solar farm with the racking assemblies of FIG.98 with solar panels mounted on the swing arm racks.

[0135] FIG. 101 is a top plan view of the solar fami of FIG. 100.

[0136] FIG. 102 is a front elevational view of the solar farm of FIG. 101.

[0137] FIG. 103 is a side elevation view of the solar farm of FIG. 102.

[0138] FIG. 104 is a perspective view of the solar farm of FIGS. 100 to 102 with the swing arm racks swing inward to a wide implement farming operation mode with the solar panels in a vertically stacked arrangement.

[0139] FIG. 105 is a front elevational view of the solar farm of FIG. 104.

[0140] FIG. 106 is a side elevational view of the solar farm of FIG. 104.

[0141] FIG. 107 is a plan view of the solar farm of FIG. 104.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0142] The following description sets forth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. It should be recognized, however, that such description is not intended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure. Rather, the description also encompasses combinations and modifications to those exemplary aspects described herein.

[0143] The present disclosure relates to solar farm systems that can be reconfigured to allow for agricultural use of the land on which the solar farm is installed. In some cases, a solar farm may be designed to accommodate both solar energy generation and crop cultivation on the same parcel of land. Such a system may comprise a field suitable for growing crops, with solar panel arrays arranged in a manner that is high density in a solar collecting mode and is convertible by horizontally swinging swing arm racks of racking assemblies to a farming mode that allows for farming operations to be carried out with modern wide farming implements.

[0144] In embodiments the solar farm is configured to be compatible with extended width farming equipment. This compatibility may be achieved through innovative design features that allow portions of the solar panel array to be repositioned or reconfigured. By enabling the use of modem agricultural machinery, such a system may provide flexibility for land use, potentially increasing the overall productivity and efficiency of the land.

[0145] The convertible nature of the solar farm may allow for optimization of solar energy collection during certain periods, while also permitting agricultural activities during other periods. This dual-use approach may address concerns related to land use competition between renewable energy production and food cultivation.

[0146] The solar farm systems, apparatus, and methods described herein may provide a convertible arrangement that allows for both solar energy collection and improved and more efficient agricultural operations.

[0147] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a solar farm 50 with a solar panel array 51. The farm has a conceptual boundary 54 that includes therein a field 52 with ground 53 suitable for agriculture and supporting the solar panel arrays. The solar array 50 may comprise a plurality of rows 60 of swing arm racking assemblies 74, and a plurality of columns 62 of the racking assemblies extending perpendicular to the rows.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0148] Referring to FIGS. 1-8, various views of the solar farm 50 are provided with the solar panel array 51 in a maximum solar energy generating mode, as shown by FIGS. 1-4, in a farming operation mode, FIGS. 7-9, and a transition mode, FIGS. 5 and 6. The array 51 is formed by a plurality of swing ami racking assemblies 74, each assembly comprising a central support structure 75 and one or two swing arm racks 80, 82 having solar panels 90 mounted thereon. The support structure may extend into the ground or otherwise be securely mounted on the ground such as by bolting to a concrete slab, not shown. The support structure 75 may be posts, for example, or other structures, such a metal frameworks. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1-8, the support structures of columnar adjacent racking assemblies are connected by cross bracing 91. As depicted, the swing arm racks 80, 82 may swing horizontally between the position of FIGS. 1-4 and the position of FIGS. 7-9. As illustrated, one swing arm rack may swing clockwise from a solar energy generating first position to a farming operations position and the other swing arm rack may swing counterclockwise.

[0149] The solar array 51 includes a multiplicity of the solar panels 90 extending along the length of each row 60 when the swing arms are in the solar energy generating position. The swing arm racks may have any suitable number of solar panels and may have one, two or more rows of solar panels.

[0150] Each row 60 may be separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing. The row to row spacing 64 may be defined by the distance between the support structures of columnar adjacent swing arm racking assemblies. This arrangement may form a matrixical configuration of swing arm racking assemblies 74, with the swing arm racking assemblies 74 arranged in rows extending generally east-west and in columns extending generally northsouth.

[0151] As shown in FIG. 1 and 4, the solar panels may be positioned in a solar position 96, oriented to receive solar energy during normal operation. In some cases, the solar farm system may be configured to allow farming with extended width farming equipment.

[0152] FIG. 4 shows a side elevation view of a solar panel array system. The solar panel array system includes a ground surface 52 on which the system is installed. A plurality of support posts 78 are arranged in a linear configuration along the ground surface 52. The support posts 78 are positioned vertically and spaced at regular intervals. A row spacing 64 is definedAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01between adjacent rows of support posts 78. Support braces 76 may extend between components to provide structural stability to the array. The support braces 76 form diagonal cross-bracing patterns between the support posts 78, helping to maintain the structural integrity of the array system.

[0153] Referring to FIG. 3, the swing arm assembly 74 is supported by each support post 78. The swing arm assembly 74 comprises a first swing arm rack 80 and a second swing arm rack 82 extending in opposite directions from the support post 78. Bracing 85 may extend from the support structure 78 upwardly to the swing arm racks 81, 82. The central support structure may be configured as a support post 78. A support spacing 66 indicates the horizontal distance between adjacent support posts 78. In embodiments this distance may be 40 feet or greater. In embodiments this distance may be 50 feet or greater. In embodiments this distance may be 60 feet or greater. In embodiments this distance may be about 70 feet.

[0154] Each swing arm racking assembly may comprise a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending from the central support structure. The pair of swing arm racks may extend from opposite sides of the central support structure.

[0155] The row spacing 64 between adjacent rows of support posts 78 may be in the range of 12 to 20 feet. This spacing may allow for adequate sunlight exposure and maintenance access between rows.

[0156] In some cases, the solar panel swing arm racks may be at least 20 feet in length. This length may allow for a significant area of solar panel coverage while still enabling the arms to fold for farming access.

[0157] Each swing arm racking assembly may comprise a pair of swing arms, with each swing arm rack supporting a plurality of solar panels thereon. This arrangement may maximize the solar collection area for each support post.

[0158] Each row of the solar panel array may comprise a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies. The multiple assemblies in each row may allow for an extended array configuration covering a large area of the ground surface 52.

[0159] The swing arm racking assemblies may include a folding mechanism 99 that allows the solar panels to transition between a solar position 96 and a folded position 98. FIG. 5Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01illustrates a top view of the solar array 51 with swing arms racks in a partially folded configuration. The folding mechanism may include pivot joints 86 arranged at regular intervals along the support structure. These pivot joints 86 may enable the panel sections to fold relative to each other.

[0160] In some cases, each swing arm rack of the swing arm racking assemblies 74 may be pivotally attached to the respective central support structure from which the swing arm rack extends. The swing arm racks may be rotatable between a first position and a second position, with an angular separation in the range of about 80 to 110 degrees between these positions.

[0161] FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrates the solar array 50 in a partially folded configuration. The swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly 74 may be designed to rotate from the first position, which may be in alignment with the respective panel row 60, to a second position that may be transverse to the respective panel row 60. In some implementations, described below, each of the pair of swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly 74 may be angularly fixed with respect to each other.

[0162] The folding mechanism may allow for different folding configurations. In some cases, the swing arm racks may be folded in the same direction. Alternatively, the swing arm racks may be folded in opposite directions. When each of the swing arm racks are in the second position, they may extend in proximity with at least one corresponding pivoting swing arm racking assembly 74 of an adjacent panel row 60.

[0163] FIG. 7-9 illustrates the solar array 51 with panels in the folded position 98. In this configuration, the pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly 74 may pivot at the central support structure and move from the first position to the second position with both swing arm racks extending in the same direction at the second position. This folded configuration may create a farming swath 100 between the folded panel assemblies, providing sufficient clearance for farming equipment 104 to pass between them. These views demonstrate how the swing arm racks may rotate approximately 90 degrees from their first position to the second position. In some implementations, the pivoting of the swing arm racks may be powered as described below. A powered actuator may be used for rotating the swing arm racks between the first and second positions.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0164] The folding mechanism of the solar array 51 may enable efficient transition between solar energy collection and agricultural operations on the same ground surface 52. This convertible arrangement may allow for optimal use of land resources while accommodating both solar power generation and fanning activities.

[0165] Refening to FIGS. 10-32, another solar farm 150 with a pair of solar arrays 151 having a multiplicity of solar panels 152. The solar energy fann having arable ground 153 with the solar anay positioned on the arable ground, the solar array configurable in a primary solar power generating mode, see Figs. 16-17C, and transformed and reconfigured to a farming operation mode, see Figs. 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, where a wide farmable swath 200 on the arable ground is provided. The solar array having a combined row 162 of racking support structures 162 extending upwardly from the ground. The row of support structures aligned in a first direction, which, in embodiments, may generally be in an east -west orientation which is conducive to having swing arm racks that rotate about their elongate axis rotate during the day to follow the sun, as is illustrated in Fig. 17C. Each swing arm rack pair may have a respective racking support structure, such as a post, that comprises a portion of the combined and connected racking support structure, and having a first forward racking support structure 178, configured as a post, and a rearward last racking support structure 179, also a post, and a plurality of intermediate racking support structures, posts, 180 therebetween. The row 62 having a length 181 see Fig. 12, from the first forward racking support structure to the rearward last racking support structure, each racking support structure having an at-the-ground portion 183, an uppermost portion 184, and an intermediate elevated portion 186. The uppermost portions 184 may extend above the swing arm racks 182 and have guy wires 187 anchored or extending from the uppermost portions 184 outwardly to support the distal ends 205 of the swing arm racks. Such guy wires may be connected directly to the swing arm racks 182 or may be connected to linkages 203 that connect the distal ends of the swing arm racks. The solar array 151 also may have an elevated horizontally extending central connecting beam 191 extending in the first direction from the first forward racking support structure 178 to each of the plurality of intermediate support structures 180 to the rearward last racking support structure 179. The solar array also may have a plurality of pairs of swing arm racks 182, each swing arm rack pivotally connected to the central connecting beam at a proximal end 192 of each swing arm rack, each pair of swing arm racks having a left swing arm rack and a rightAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01swing arm rack, each swing arm rack having a row of solar panels 190 atached thereto, wherein each connection 197 between each swing arm rack and the central connecting beam has a vertical axis 198, see Fig. 23. The arrays 151 each may have a left side peripheral stabilizing linkage 203 extending in the first direction and pivotally connecting to a distal end 205 of each of the left side swing arm racks and has a right side peripheral stabilizing linkage 207 extending in the first direction and pivotally connecting to a distal end 205 of each of the right side swing arm racks. The swing arm racks each movable from the primary solar generating position to a folded position with each swing arm rack 182 extending rearwardly along the central connecting beam 191. See Figs. 19 and 20. The folded position defining a farming operations position providing a single wide famiable swath

[0166] Referring to Figs. 14-16, 21-22, the solar arrays 151 may further have a pair of folding actuator swing arms 212, 214, each swing ami pivotally connected the central connecting beam 191 or one of the racking support structures 178, 179, 180 and extending outwardly with one swing arm connecting to the left side peripheral stabilizing linkage 203 and one swing arm connecting to the right side peripheral stabilizing linkage 207, the swing arms movable between a position extending in the second direction and a position extending in a rearward direction. A powered actuator 218 may be connected to each of the pair of folding actuator swing arms 212, 214 bay way of links 219 for moving the swing arms between the primary solar energy receiving position and the position extending in a rearward direction.

[0167] Referring to Figs. 23-26, the solar arrays 151 may also have rotation capability of the solar panels by rotation of the swing arm racks 182. Each of the swing arm racks is connected to the central connecting beam with a connection 222 having a horizontal axis 223 perpendicular to an axis 227 of the central connecting beam, wherein each swing arm rack 182, when positioned in the primary solar receiving position, is rotatable about the horizontal axis providing for optimal angulation for solar energy collection of the solar panels 152. A drive system 228 may be connected to each of the swing arm racks for adjustable rotating each swing arm rack and may have pulleys 232 connecting to the swing arm racks or a connection to the swing arm racks, a cable 234 connecting to the pulleys, and a drive motor 236. The drive motor may orient the swing arm racks 182 and correspondingly the solar panels, for optimal solar energy receptions. Additionally, the drive system 228 may orient the swing arm panels in an upright orientation, as shown in Fig. 23, for facilitating the folding in of the swing arm racksAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01182 along the central support beam 191. Referring to Figs 30-32, the two solar arrays may be connected at adjoining peripheral stabilizing linkages 205, 207 when both arrays are in the fully extended position as shown in Figs 10, 11,16. A catch 240 may facilitate the connection.

[0168] Referring to Figs. 33-35, in embodiments, a solar farm 350 with a solar array 351 has swing arm racking assemblies 374 having a central support structure 375 and a pair of swing arm racks 380, 382 positioned opposite each other and rotatable on the central support structure 375. The solar farm has arable ground 353 with the solar array 351 positioned on the arable ground, where a wide farmable swath 300 on the arable ground is provided. The swing arm racks may be angularly fixed with respect to each other. In other words, when one rotates the other rotates with it in the same rotational direction, the central support structure 375 may be configured as a post having, an at-the -ground portion 383 an uppermost portion 385, and an elevated intermediate portion 387. Guy wires 388 may extend from the uppermost portion 385 to distal ends 392 of the swing arm racks 380, 382. The swing arm racks when rotated to the farm operation position of Fig. 35, may extend past one or two columnar aligned central support structures. The posts may be offset from perfect forward rearward alignment, as shown in Fig.35 to facilitate the horizontal stacking of the swing arm racks 380, 382. This configuration has the advantage of requiring a less structural substantial central support structure as relatively no bending moment is effectuated by the swing arm racks on the central support structure due to the balanced loading and guy wires.

[0169] Referring to Figs. 36 to 40, in another embodiment, a solar farm 450 with a solar array 451 has swing arm racking assemblies 474 having a central support structures 475 and a pair of swing arm racks 480, 482 positioned opposite each other and rotatable on the central support structure 475. The swing arm racks 480, 482 may be angularly fixed with respect to each other as in the previous embodiment. In other words, when one swing arm rack rotates the other rotates with it in the same rotational direction and oppositely positioned on the central support structure 475. In embodiments, the swing arm racks are connected to the central support structure at a pivot connection having a vertical axis allowing them to rotate horizontally in a range of about 90 degrees. In embodiments, each swing arm rack is also connected to the central support structure at a pivoting connection having horizontal axis providing rotation of each swing arm rack about an elongate axis of each swing arm rack.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0170] Referring to Figs. 43-45, an embodiment, a solar farm 550 has a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies 574, each having a racking support structure 575 and a swing arm rack 580 providing a solar array 551. In embodiments, the solar farms may have a multiplicity of such racking support structures, such as 10, 100, or more. A pivotal connection 581 between each racking support structure 575 and a proximal end 577 the respective swing arm rack 580 has a vertical pivot axis 583 such that the distal end 589 of the each swing arm rack 580 may be swung horizontally allowing a farming operation with farm equipment having a wide farming implement. Figs. 43 and 44 illustrate the swing arm racking assemblies 574 and the solar array 551 in a primary solar energy receiving mode. Fig. 44 illustrates a plurality of such swing arm racking assemblies 574 arranged to provide an optimal collapsed or folded mode as depicted in Fig. 46. The racking support structures may be staggered as illustrated facilitating optimal compactness of the swing arm racks in the farming operation mode. Fig. 45 illustrates the racking support structures transitioning from the primary solar energy collecting mode to the farming operation mode. The swing arm racks may have ground engaging members 603, which may be configured as legs, at their distal ends 589. The legs may be pivotal or otherwise movable, for facilitating the transition from the solar collection mode to the farming operation mode. The folded in swing arm racks defining an operating region for the farm equipment with wide farming implements. In embodiments, the racking support structures may have an uppermost portion 627 elevated above the swing arm racks and a guy wire 731 may be utilized to support the swing arm racks. In embodiments, the guy wire may extend to a horizontally extending counterweight swing arm 636 that extends oppositely from the respective swing arm. In embodiments, ballast 639 may be provided to counter the force moment provided by the weight of the swing arm rack 580. The swing arm racks may be rotatable about a horizontal axis to provide optimal angulation of the solar panels thereon and also to provide an optimal compactness as shown in Figs 45 and 46 such that the rotated in swing arm racks displace minimal area. See Figs. 23 and 48B for an example of providing rotation of the solar panels and / or swing arm rack about a horizontal axis for providing adjustable angulation for optimal solar energy absorption, maximal compactness when in the fanning operation mode, and for reducing wind loading, for example in a storm situation.

[0171] Refening to Figs. 47-50, in an embodiment, a solar farm 650 has a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies 674, each having a racking support structure 675 and a swingAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01arm rack 680 providing a solar array 651. In embodiments, the solar farms may have a multiplicity of such racking support structures, such as 10, 100, or more. A pivotal connection 681 between each racking support structure 675 and a proximal end 677 the respective swing arm rack 680 has a horizontal pivot axis 683. In embodiments, the guy wire may be a support wire that can be extended and retracted, such as by a winch 684 on the support structure, for unweighting the loading of the swing arm rack on the racking support structure, and / or raising the swing arm rack. The guy or support wire supported by pulleys 685, 686 on the support post 675 and counterweight swing arm. In embodiments, the distal end 689 of the each swing arm rack 680 may be raised by the winch 684 allowing the farming equipment 694, shown in dashed lines, to pass under the raised swing arm racks. Figs. 47A and 49 illustrate the swing arm racking assemblies 674 and the solar array 651 in a primary solar energy receiving mode, without considering the angulation of the solar panels. Figs. 47B and 50 illustrate the swing arm racking assemblies 674 and the solar array 651 in a primary farming operation mode. The swing arm racks may have ground engaging members 703, which may be configured as legs, at their distal ends 689 including means for penetrating the ground 707, such as spikes. The legs may be pivotal or otherwise movable, or removable to increase the clearance below the swing arm racks when they are raised. The raised swing arm racks defining an operating region 711 therebelow providing adequate clearance 713 for the farm equipment with wide implements. In embodiments, the racking support stmctures may have an uppermost portion 727 elevated above the swing arm racks and a guy wire 731 may be utilized to support the swing arms and utilized to raise the distal ends 689. In embodiments, the guy wire may extend to a horizontally extending counterweight swing arm 736 that extends oppositely from the respective swing arm. In embodiments, ballast 739 may be provided to counter the force moment provided by the weight of the swing arm.

[0172] Referring to Fig. 48A, a more detailed view of a swing arm racking assembly 674 suitable for the embodiments described in association with Figs. 43-47B above with a capability of raising and lowering the swing arm rack 680 about a pivot connection 680 with a horizontal axis 681 at or close to the racking support structure 675, and the capability to rotate the swing arm rack 680 and counterweight swing ami 636, and the winch 684 about a vertical axis 687, and the capability or rotating the solar panels about a horizontal axis 689 providing adjustable angulation for optimal solar energy absorption, maximal compactness when in theAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01farming operation mode, and for reducing wind loading, for example in a storm situation. The pivot connection 680 may have coopering holes 691 in the cooperating pivot connection members 693, 693 that receive a pin, not shown, such that the connection can be locked at various angulations. The racking support structure may comprise a post 740 in the ground 653, a non rotating flange 741 fixed to the post 740, and a rotatable sleeve 742 seated on the post and supported by the non rotating flange 741. A bearing, not shown may be positioned between the flange and sleeve 741 at a sleeve flange interface 744.

[0173] Referring to Fig. 48B, an embodiment of a swing arm racking assembly 724 suitable for the embodiments described in association with Figs. 43-47B above with a capability of raising and lowering the swing arm rack 730 about a pivot connection 733 with a horizontal axis 735 at or close to the racking support structure 737 by way of winch 745 and line 746 extending to the distal end portion of the swing arm rack, and the capability to horizontally rotate the swing arm rack 730 about a rotating connection 749 with a vertical axis 743. As depicted the swing arm rack may further have the capability or rotating the solar panels about a horizontal axis 751 by way of connection 754, providing adjustable angulation for optimal solar energy absorption, maximal compactness when in the farming operation mode, and for reducing wind loading, for example in a storm situation. The pivot connection 733 and rotating connection 742 may have pins of locking same at particular pivot positions or rotation positions as is known in the art.

[0174] Referring to Figs. 51 and 52, a swing arm racking assembly 774, having the front elevation profile of the racking assemblies of Fig. 47, may have a racking support structure 775 that support a plurality of swing arm racks 780. The swing arm racks pivotally connected with a horizontal pivot axis 783 allowing the distal ends 789 of the swing arm racks to be raised. In embodiment the plurality of swing arm racks may have peripheral support structure 793 connecting the plurality of swing anus extending from the single racking support structure for providing stability to the plurality of swing arms. Fig. 52 illustrates the swing arm racks raised providing clearance for the farming operations. Temporary connection means 798, such as brackets, may be provided between adjacent swing arm racks when the swing arm racks are in the primary solar collecting mode.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0175] Referring to Fig. 53, an embodiment is illustrated where the swing arm racks extends from one racking support structure to an adjacent racking support structure. Connectors and / or ground engaging members as described above may be on the distal ends of the swing arm racks for anchoring the swing arms when in the primary solar energy collection mode. The solar farm systems as described above may be configured to operate in two primary modes: a solar energy collection mode and a farming operation access mode. These operational configurations allow the systems to efficiently utilize the land for both solar power generation and agricultural activities. In the solar energy collection mode, the swing arm racks of the solar panel assemblies may be positioned in a generally east-west alignment. This configuration may optimize solar energy absorption by maximizing the exposure of the solar panels to sunlight throughout the day. In some cases, when the swing arm racks extend generally east -west, there may be a row to row spacing between the rows of the support structures of the swing arm racking assemblies. This north to south row to row spacing may be in the range of 12 to 20 feet, in embodiments, allowing for relatively high density of solar panels.

[0176] Referring to Figs. 54 to 59, in another embodiment, a solar farm 850 with a solar array 851, and three solar array clusters 852, 853, 854. Each solar array cluster having a swing arm racking assemblies 874 having a central racking support structures 875, 876 and a plurality of pairs of cantilevered swing arm racks attached thereto, each pair having two discrete swing arm racks 885, 886, that are fixed with respect their relative rotational position. Two of the solar array clusters 853, 854 share a support structure 876. As depicted, each of the pairs 880, 881, 882 883 have an intermediate rack member 891 extending between the respective swing arm racks of the pairs, and in three of the pairs 880, 881, 882 the respective intermediate rack members are pivotally mounted to a mounting post 894 of the respective central support structure providing the capability of the pairs to swing horizontally about a vertical axis 895 between a primary solar energy collection position, Figs 54-56, and a farm operation position, Figs 57-59, where the pairs of swing arm racks of each respective solar array cluster are arranged in a vertical spaced stack 899. A fourth of the pair 883 is mounted to extend along the elongate central support structure 875 and does need to rotate during the transformation from the operational solar energy collection position and the farming operation position as it is positioned at the stack location. The swing arm racks 880, 881, 882, may be angularly fixed with respect to each other as in the previous embodiments. In other words, when one swingAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01arm rack rotates the other rotates with it in the same rotational direction and oppositely positioned on the central support structure 475. As in other embodiments, the central support structure has ground engaging posts 905, and a horizontally extending support beam 907 fixed at the top of pluralities of ground engaging posts 905. The spacing between the folded solar array clusters providing a wide farming swath 910, See Figs. 58 and 59.

[0177] In an embodiment, as depicted in Figs. 54-57, swing arm racks may comprise an elongate rack member 914 that extends from a distal end 916 of one swing arm rack 885 to the distal end of the opposing swing arm rack 886 and supports the row of solar panels thereon 890. In embodiments, the solar panels 890 of the one swing arm rack 885 may be attached to one side of the elongate rack member 914, and the solar panels 890 on the other swing arm rack 886 may be attached to the opposite of the elongate rack member. In the farming operation access mode of Fig. 57, the elongate rack members are stacked in a vertically stacked arrangement.

[0178] Referring to Figs 60-63, an embodiment a solar farm 950 is illustrated that has solar with a solar array 951, and two solar array clusters 953, 954. Each solar array cluster having a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies 974 each having a discrete central support portion 975 and a pair 978 of connected and opposing swing arm racks 980, 981. A plurality of the central racking support portions 975 are connected by horizontal spanning racking support 986. As depicted, each of the pairs 978 rotate from the primary solar energy collection position illustrated to a folded or farm operation position, not shown. Each of the pairs is also tiltable indicated by the arrows 989 to better facilitate alignment with sun based on the season, and may rotate to follow the sun during the day about the elongate axis 991 of each respective pair 978 of swing arm racks as indicated by the arrow 993. To transition to the farming operations position, the solar farm system may undergo a transformation process of rotating the swing arm racks from their first position, aligned with the rows, to a second position transverse to the rows.

[0179] When the swing arm racks are rotated to the farm operation position, they may create farmable swaths suitable for performing farming operations with a tractor having a wide implement such that the entire swath between adjacent rows of swing arm racking assemblies may have the farming operation performed in one pass. These farmable swaths may extendAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01traverse to the plurality of rows, providing clear pathways for agricultural equipment and activities. In some cases, each of the farmable swaths may have a width of at least two times the row to row spacing. In some cases, each of the farmable swaths may have a width of at least four times the row to row spacing. This expanded width may allow for the use of larger farming equipment and more efficient agricultural operations.101801 Referring to Figs 64-71, an embodiment a solar farm 1050 is illustrated that has solar arrays 1051 , 1052. Each solar array having a plurality of folding racking assemblies 1074. Each folding racking assembly 1074 supported by a racking support structure 1075. The racking support structures extending in a first direction 1077 and include a plurality of aligned posts 1078 extending into the ground. Each folding racking assembly 1074 has a respective opposing racking assembly 1074.1 extending from an opposite side of the racking support structure, see in particular Fig. 65. Each folding racking asssembly 1074 comprises a plurality of elongate folding racks 1080, 1081. Each rack with a set 1082 of mounted solar panels 1083, that extend laterally outward from opposite sides 1085, 1086 from the racking support structure 1075. The folding racking assemblies 1074 extend and retract in a second direction 1090, generally perpendicular to the first direction 1077. The opposing folding rack assemblies 1080, 1081 are retractable to the racking support structure 1075 to put the solar arrays in the farming operation access mode providing a wide farmable swath 1100 between adjacently placed folding racking assemblies 1074 see Fig. 65. The swath 1100 extending in the first direction, the direction of the alignment of the racking support structure 1075. In embodiments, folding elongate racks 1080, 1081 have an elongate axis 1092 that runs parallel to the racking support structure. The elongate racks are supported at their two ends 1094, 1095, and fold up along the racking support structure 1075 or row of support structures.

[0181] The racking support structure 1075 may comprise the plurality of posts 1078, connected by horizontal spanning support members 1112. Pivoting arms 1116 may extend from a lower pivot connection 1118 of the racking support structure 1075 to connect to the ends 1094, 1095 of a first folding elongate rack 1120, an intermediate folding linkage 1122 may then extend from the ends 1094, 1095 of the first elongate folding rack 1120 to a second elongate folding rack 1126, the intermediate folding linkage having two link segments 1130, 1132 and a pivot joint 1134 therebetween.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0182] Referring to Figs. 72-77, a modification of the embodiment of Figs. 64-71 is illustrated. In this embodiment, elevated structure 1210 of the racking support structure 1075 supports lines 1220 that extend to the folding racking assemblies 1074. The elevated structure 1210 may be the uppermost portion 1233 of the post 1110. The lines may be connected to winches or the like, not shown, for retracting and extending the folding racking assemblies 1074. Lines or cabling 1236 may extend between the uppermost portions of the posts 1110 for structural stability of the racking support structures and / or for transferring the electric power generated, and / or for providing power to motors operating the solar farm functions, specifically the extension, retraction, folding of the swing ami racks or racking assemblies, the rotation or tilting of the swing arm racks, the raising and lowering of the swing arms. In embodiments the lines 1236 may extend above the farmable swaths, and may provide support for pulleys and cable systems for raising and lowering swing arm racks having a horizontal axis pivot.

[0183] Referring to FIGS. 78-85 various views of a solar farm 1310 with two rows 1320, 1321 of swing arm racking assemblies 1325 each with racking support structures 1330. The racking support structures 1330 comprise a ground engaging member 1336 which may be configured as a tapered pylon, and an upward support member 1338. A pair of cantilevered swing arms 1342, 1344 are pivotally attached to the upward support member 1338 at a top portion 1348 of the racking support structure 1370. Each of the cantilevered swing arms are individually pivotal with respect to the racking support structure at pivot connection 1360 with a vertical pivot axis 1364 and each swing arm has two swing arm segments 1352, 1354 that pivotally connected at pivot connection 1366 that has a vertical pivot axis 1368. Notably each of the individual racking support structures have a connecting beam 1370 extending to the adjacent racking support structure or structures. Figs. 78 and 81 illustrates the illustrates the swing arm racking assemblies in the solar energy collection mode. Figs. 79 and 82 illustrates the swing arm racking assemblies in a transition mode where they are transitioning from the solar collection mode to the farming operation mode or vice versa with the partially folded cantilevered arm segments. Fig. 70 is a top plan view of the solar farm in the solar energy collection mode with no solar panels. Figs. 83-85 are additional illustrations of the racking assemblies including the swing arms in the folded configuration of the farming operation access mode without elongate solar panel racks 1380 thereon.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01

[0184] Figs. 86, 88, 94, 95 depicts the solar farm in the solar energy collection mode with elongate solar panel racks 1380 mounted and having a first end 1377 and a second opposite end 1378 of the elongate solar panel racks 1380 mounted to adjacent segmented swing arms at a proximal end 1382, the pivot connection 1366, and a distal end 1386 in a horizontal position. Fig. 87 illustrates each of the multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks 1380 rotated to a vertical position which may be in advance of folding, that is, the transition to the farm operation access mode, or it may be for allow rain to directly contact the crops without panel deflection. Figs.89, 90, 96 illustrate a transition mode with the cantilevered swing arm segments 1352, 1354 partially folded and Figs. 91, 93, 97 illustrates the swing arm racking assemblies total folded with the elongate solar panel racks in a stacked horizonal arrangement in the farming operation access mode with a tractor and implement 1390 on a single swath farming run on the farmland strip 1392 for crops.

[0185] Referring to Figs. 98 to 107, in an embodiment a solar farm 1410 has a plurality of rows 1420, 1422, 1424 of racking support structures 1430 having a plurality of posts 1436 embeded into the ground and cross support members 1440 spanning between adjacent posts. Elongate cantilevered arms 1450 are pivotally connected to one of the racking support structures at a proximal end 1452 of each elongate cantilevered arm and extend to an adjacent racking support structure that may support the distal end 1456 of the elongate cantilevered arm. Figs. 98 and 99 show the cantilevered arms without solar panels thereon. Figs. 100-102 has elongate solar panel racks 1460 mounted thereon and tilted between a horizontal and vertical orientation. Fig. 104 depicts the cantilevered swing arms with elongate solar panel racks in alignment at the respective row of racking support structures 1430 with the elongate solar panel racks stacked in a vertical and horizontal fanned arrangement in the farm operation access mode.

[0186] When the swing arm racks are retracted, they may create farmable swaths between the rows of racking support structures. These farmable swaths may extend traverse to the plurality of rows of racing support structures, providing clear pathways for agricultural equipment and activities. In some cases, each of the farmable swaths may have a width of at least two times the row to row spacing. In some cases, each of the farmable swaths may have a width of at least four times the row to row spacing. This expanded width may allow for the use of larger farming equipment and more efficient agricultural operations, for example, singleAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01pass farming operation, which can minimize the time the solar farm is not generating at maximum capacity.

[0187] In some cases, the farmable swaths created when the swing arm racks are folded may be at least about 40 feet wide or more. In some cases, the farmable swaths created when the swing arm racks are folded may be at least about 50 feet wide. In some cases, the farmable swaths created when the swing arm racks are folded may be at least about 60 feet wide. In some cases, the farmable swaths created when the swing arm racks are folded may be at least about 70 feet wide. In some cases, the farmable swaths created when the swing arm racks are folded may be at least about 90 feet wide. This substantial width may accommodate a wide range of farming equipment and agricultural practices, enhancing the versatility of the solar farm system.

[0188] The transition between operational configurations may involve a method of operating the solar farm system. This method may include positioning the swing arm racking assemblies in the first position for solar energy collection. When agricultural access is required, the method may involve rotating the swing arm racks to the second position transverse to the rows, creating the farming swaths. The inventors have recognized the downtime for solar generation, when farming operations are performed is minimal, only a few days, or less per year. This does not impact the overall power generating capability of such solar farms.

[0189] In some implementations, both swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly may extend in the same direction when in the second position. This configuration may help maximize the width of the farmable swaths and simplify the rotation process. Once the swing arm racks are in the second position and the farmable swaths are created, fanning operations may be perfonned within these swaths. These operations may include planting, tilling, harvesting, or other agricultural activities that require access to the land beneath and between the solar panel assemblies.

[0190] After the completion of farming operations, the method may include rotating the swing arm racks back to the first position. This return to the solar energy collection mode may allow the system to resume optimal power generation.

[0191] The dual-mode capability of the solar farm system may enable efficient land use, allowing for both solar energy production and agricultural activities on the same plot of land.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01By providing wide farmable swaths and maintaining optimal solar panel positioning, the system may offer a versatile solution for combining renewable energy generation with traditional farming practices.

[0192] A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.

[0193] U.S. Pat. Publications and U.S. Pat. Nos. 11,309,829; 12,041,897; 12,375,023; 12,218,623; US2015 / 0214885; US2017 / 0336105; US201 / 0312543, US2020 / 00083838; 2022 / 0256779; 2025 / 0015750; are hereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes. The above references to U.S. patents in all sections of this application are herein incorporated by references in their entirety for all purposes. Components, methods, tools, materials illustrated and / or disclosed in such patents may be utilized with embodiments herein. Incorporation by reference is discussed, for example, in MPEP section 2163.07(B).

[0194] All of the features disclosed in this specification (including the references incorporated by reference, including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and / or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive.

[0195] Each feature disclosed in this specification (including references incorporated by reference, any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

[0196] The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment(s). The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any incorporated by reference references, any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of anyAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01method or process so disclosed. The above references in all sections of this application are herein incorporated by references in their entirety for all purposes.

[0197] When “substantially” is used herein, it may be defined to be within 10% of the specific parameter at issue. When “generally” is used herein, it may be defined to be within 20% of the specific parameter at issue. When “portion” is used herein, it may be defined as some of, or all of, the referenced item, which may be a singular component or an assembly of components. When “direction” is used herein, it is intended to mean, if not specified, an alignment with one way, and the directly opposite way.

[0198] Although specific examples have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose could be substituted for the specific examples shown. This application is intended to cover adaptations or variations of the present subject matter. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be defined by the attached claims and their legal equivalents, as well as the following illustrative aspects. The above-described aspects embodiments of the invention are merely descriptive of its principles and are not to be considered limiting. Further modifications of the invention herein disclosed will occur to those skilled in the respective arts and all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01CLAIMS1. A solar farm comprising:a plot of land defining an agrivoltaics region, the plot of land comprising arable ground; at least one pair of rows of racking support structures separated by a strip of land for crops, each racking support structure of each row of racking support structures extending upwardly from the ground and anchored thereto, each of the rows of racking support structures of the at least one pair of rows of racking support structures aligned in a first direction; and a plurality of elongate solar panel racks supported by extending from each row of the at least one pair of rows of racking support structures, each of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks having at least one row of solar panels mounted thereto and wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks having a first position that is a solar energy receiving position extending out over the strip of land for crops;wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks are movable with respect to the respective racking support structure to which said elongate solar panel rack is extending from.

2. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein strip of land has a width of at least 50 feet and a length of at least 200 feet.

3. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein the strip of land has a width defined as the distance between the rows of racking support structures of the at least one pair of rows of racking support structures, and further has a length at least two times greater than said width.

4. The solar farm of claim 2, wherein the strip of land has a width defined as the distance between the rows of racking support structures of the at least one pair of rows of racking support structures, and further has a length at least two times greater than said width.

5. The solar farm of claim 1 , each of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks is supported by a respective cantilevered swing arm and wherein when the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are in the first solar energy receiving position, each of the elongate solar panel racks are cantilevered out over the strip of land for crops by way of a respective cantilevered swing.

6. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein when the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are in the first solar energy receiving position, each of the elongate solar panel racks areAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01cantilevered out over the strip of land for crops and collectively the plurality of elongate solar panel racks extend most of the width of the strip of land for crops.

7. The solar farm of claim 2 or 5, wherein when the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are in the first solar energy receiving position, each of the elongate solar panel racks are cantilevered out over the strip of land for crops and each of the elongate solar panel racks has a length of at least 20 feet.

8. The solar farm of claim 6, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks has a length that is at least four times a distance that the solar panel rack is mounted above the ground at the respective solar rack support structure.

9. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein when each of the elongate solar panel racks is in the first position, each of the elongate solar panel racks obstruct farming of the strip of crop land by a tractor with a farming implement.

10. The solar fam of claim 2, wherein when each of the elongate solar panel racks is in the first position faming of the strip of crop land by a tractor with a farming implement is precluded.

11. The solar fam of claim 1 , wherein when each of the elongate solar panel racks is in the first position, each of said elongate solar panel racks are at a distance of 10 feet or less above the ground.

12. The solar fam of claim 7, wherein when each of the elongate solar panel racks is in the first position, each of the elongate solar panel racks obstruct farming of the strip of crop land by a tractor with a farming implement wherein the faming implement extends most of the width of the strip of land.

13. The solar fam of claim 5, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks has a second position wherein each of said elongate solar panel racks is positioned along one of the at least one pair of racking support structures.

14. The solar fam of claim 2, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks has a second position wherein each of said elongate solar panel racks is in a retracted not extending over the strip of crop land.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0115. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks has a second position wherein each of the elongate solar panels is out of the way of a farming operation with a tractor towing an implement where the implement spans at least most of a width of the strip of land for crops.

16. The solar farm of claim 2, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks has a second position, wherein each of the elongate solar panels is out of the way of a farming operation with a tractor towing an implement.

17. The solar farm of claim 11 , wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks has a second position, wherein each of the elongate solar panels is out of the way of a farming operation with a tractor towing an implement.

18. The solar farm of claim 17, wherein when each of the elongate solar panel racks are in the second position, said elongate solar panel racks are elevated above the ground at least 20 feet.

19. The solar farm of claim 17, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks are rotatable about a pivot joint at the respective racking support structure, the pivot joint having a vertically extending axis.

20. The solar farm of claim 19, wherein when each of the elongate solar panel racks are in the second position, the solar panel racks are arranged in a stack along the respective row of racking support structures.

21. The solar farm of claim 20, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks have a proximal end where said elongate solar panel rack is pivotally connected to one of the racking support structures and an opposite distal end that swings horizontally from the first position to a non-obstructing position not over the strip of land for crops or substantially not over the strip of land for crops.

22. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks have a proximal end where said elongate solar panel rack is pivotally connected to one of the racking support structures and an opposite distal end that swings horizontally from the first position to a non-obstructing position for farming operations not over the strip of land for crops or substantially not over the strip of land for crops.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0123. The solar farm of claim 21, wherein when the elongate solar panel racks are in their first position, each elongate solar panel rack is in alignment with a cones ponding elongate solar panel rack extending from one of the racking support structures on an opposite side of the strip of land for crops.

24. The solar farm of claim 23, wherein each of the distal ends of the elongate solar panel racks are removably connected to a distal end of its corresponding elongate solar panel rack when said elongate solar panel racks are in the first position.

25. The solar farm of claim 24, wherein a plurality of the elongate solar panel racks are connected with at least one adjacent elongate solar panel rack at their respective distal ends by a peripheral stabilizing linkage.

26. The solar farm of claim 22, wherein the distal ends of the elongate solar panels racks have a ground engaging member connected thereto that removably engageable with the ground when the elongate solar panel is in the first position.

27. The solar farm of claim 24, wherein each of the distal ends of the elongate solar panel racks are connected to a distal end of at least one other elongate solar panel rack that is adjacently positioned thereto and is parallel thereto when in the first position.

28. The solar farm of claim 5, wherein each of the cantilevered elongate solar panel racks are pivotally connected to the respective racking support structure with a pivot connection having a vertical axis and are swingable horizontally from the first position to a second position that is rotationally displaced therefrom an angular measurement in the range of about 80 to 110 degrees.

29. The solar farm of claim 28, wherein each of said cantilevered elongate solar panel racks have a cooperating cantilevered solar panel rack that is rotationally fixed thereto and extends in an opposite direction such each cantilevered elongate solar panel rack rotates, the cooperating cantilevered solar panel rack rotates therewith in a common rotational direction.

30. The solar farm of claim 28, each of said cantilevered elongate solar panel racks have a cooperating cantilevered solar panel rack defining a cooperating pair of cantilevered solar panel racks with each of the racks pivotally connected to the respective racking support structure.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0131. The solar farm of claim 30, wherein each of the cooperating elongate solar panel racks are swingable toward each other from a first position where the pair of racks extend in opposite directions to a second position where they both extend along the respective row of the at least one or rows of racking support structures.

32. The solar farm of claim 1 , wherein each row of racking support structures has a plurality of pairs of opposing folding racking assemblies with each racking assembly of said opposing pairs extending from a respective support structure in opposite directions, each opposing folding racking assembly have at least three linkages connected with pivotal connections having pivot axis extending in a horizontal direction parallel to each of the rows of racking support structures.

33. The solar farm of claim 32, wherein each of the folding racking assemblies support at least two elongate solar panel racks.

34. The solar farm of claim 31, wherein each racking support structure folds up against a respective racking support structure from with it extends defining a second position wherein the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are horizontally displaced from the first position wherein the plurality of elongate solar panel racks do not obstruct farming operations with a tractor and implement towed therebehind.

35. The solar farm of claim 32, wherein each racking support structure folds up against a respective racking support structure from which it extends.

36. The solar farm of claim 1 , wherein each row of racking support structures has a plurality of pairs of opposing folding racking assemblies with each racking assembly of said opposing pairs extending from a respective support structure in opposite directions, each opposing folding racking assembly have at least two linkages connected with pivotal connections having pivot axis extending in a vertical direction, wherein each of the two linkages have one of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks thereon.

37. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein each row of racking support structures have a plurality of cantilevered swing arms extending therefrom and swingable between a direction transverse to the rows of racking support structures and a direction in alignment with the row of support structures, wherein each cantilevered swing arm has at least one of the plurality of the elongate solar panel racks connected thereto at an end of the elongate solar panel rack, andAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01wherein the elongate solar panel rack is connected to an adjacent cantilevered swing arm extending from the row of racking support structures, whereby a longitudinal axis of the elongate solar panel rack extends parallel to the row of racking support structures and has a second position folded along a respective racking support structure.

38. The solar farm of claim 37, wherein the plurality of cantilevered swing arms swing in a common rotational direction whereby the at least one of the plurality of the elongate solar panel racks move to a position along the respective row of racking support structures.

39. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein each row of racking support structures have a plurality of pairs of connecting cantilevered swing arms extending therefrom and swingable from an direction transverse to the rows of racking support structures to a orientation along the respective row of racking support structures, wherein each cantilevered swing arm of each pair of connecting cantilevered swing arms have a plurality of the elongate solar panel racks connected thereto at a first end of each of the plurality of the elongate solar panel racks, and wherein each of the plurality of the elongate solar panel racks connected to the cantilevered swing arm is also connected to an adjacent cantilevered swing arm extending from the row of racking support structures at a respective second opposite end of each of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks, whereby a longitudinal axis of each of the plurality of the elongate solar panel racks extends parallel to the row of racking support structures, wherein each of the pairs of connecting cantilevered swing arms are foldable to extend along the respective row of racking support structures.

40. The solar farm of claim 37 or 39, wherein each of the cantilevered swing arms have two swing arm segments pivotally connected at a pivot connection with a vertical pivot axis and wherein one of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks is connected to the cantilevered swing arm at the pivot connection and extends to a pivot connection at an adjacent cantilevered swing arm, wherein each cantilevered swing arm has extended straight configuration in a solar energy collection mode, a v-shape when viewed from above in a transition mode, and a folded orientation when in a farming operation mode.

41. The solar farm of claim 1, wherein each row of racking support structures have a plurality of cantilevered swing anus extending therefrom and swingable between a direction transverse to the rows of racking support structures in a solar energy collection mode and aAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01direction in alignment with the row of support structures in a farming operation access mode, wherein each cantilevered swing arm has a plurality of the elongate solar panel racks connected thereto at first ends of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks, and wherein each of the plurality of the elongate solar panel racks has a respective second opposite end connected to an adjacent cantilevered swing arm extending from the row of racking support structures, whereby when the cantilevered swing arms are in the solar energy collection mode, the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are extending over the strip of land for crops and spaced from one another, and wherein when the cantilevered swing arms are in the farming access mode, the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are positioned in a stack along the row of racking support structures.

42. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, wherein when the cantilevered arms are in the solar energy collection mode a distal end of each cantilevered arm is engaged with the other row of the at least one pair of rows of racking support structures.

43. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, wherein the row of support structures further comprises elevated posts that provide guy line support for each of the cantilevered support arms, the guy line connected to a distal end of each respective cantilevered support arm.

44. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, wherein each of the cantilevered support arms has an adjustable height connection at the racking support structure whereby the entire length of the cantilevered support ami is raisable and lowerable.

45. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, wherein the distal end of each respective swing arm is raisable about a pivot connection at a proximal end of the swing arm.

46. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, wherein each of the elongate solar panel racks have a second position correlated with a farming operation access mode, and when in the second position the elongate solar panels are arranged in a stack along the row of stacking support structures.

47. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, wherein each of the cantilevered swing arms have a farming operation access mode, where they are positioned to extend along the respective row of stacking support structures from which said swing arms extend.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0148. The solar farm of any one of claims 5, 37, 38, 39, or 41, further comprising a means for supporting the distal end of each cantilevered swing arm when in the solar energy collection mode.

49. The solar farm of claim 48, wherein the means comprises engaging an adjacent row of racking support structures.

50. The solar farm of claim 48, wherein the means comprises a ground engaging member at the distal end of each respective cantilevered swing arm.

51. The solar farm of claim 48, wherein the means comprises a support wire to the distal end of each respective cantilevered swing arm.

52. The solar farm of claim 51, wherein the support wire raises the distal end of each respective cantilevered swing arm.

53. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each of the solar panel racks have an elongate axis and are rotatable about the elongate axis for optimizing solar energy collection and for facilitating stowing the solar panel racks when in the farming operation access mode.

54. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each of the solar panel racks have an elongate axis and are mounted by a pivotal connection providing rotation about the elongate axis.

55. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each of the plurality of elongate solar panel racks are rotatable about at least two axis.

56. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each of the solar panel racks are pivotal about three axis with respect to their respective connection to the row of racking support structures.

57. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each of the solar panel racks are pivotal about three axis with respect to the connection to a cantilevered swing arm, and with respect to the connection of the swing arm to row of support structure.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0158. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each row of racking support structures comprise an aligned row of separated unconnected posts, each post extending into and anchored with respect to the ground.

59. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein each row of racking support structures comprise interconnecting fixed structure extending the length of the row, the row of racking support structure including posts embedded into the ground.

60. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein the strip of land for crops is more than 60 feet wide and there is no racking support structure in the strip of land.

61. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein the motion of each cantilevered swing arm is provided by electric motor means.

62. The solar farm of any one of claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 11, 15, and 19, wherein each of the solar panel racks are pivotal about two axis.

63. The solar farm of claim 21, wherein each of the solar panel racks have a pivot connection at its respective racking support structure with a vertical axis for rotating the elongate solar panel rack from the first position to a second position not over the strip of land for crops and has a second pivot axis for following a daily sun path or for following a seasonal sun position.

64. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein the support structures support the elongate solar panel racks at an elevation of less than 20 feet.

65. The solar farm of any one of claims 1 -4 or 6-39, wherein the support structures support the elongate solar panel racks at an elevation of less than 15 feet.

66. The solar farm of any one of claims 1-4 or 6-39, wherein the elongate solar support racks are not raisable above 15 feet.

67. A method of operating a solar farm having a row of racking support structures with a plurality of swing am assemblies extending therefrom adjacent to a swath of famland for crops, the swath of fam land at least 50 feet wide and at least 200 feet long, the plurality of swing arm assemblies supporting a multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks, the method comprising:Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01with the swing aim assemblies retracted to a stowage position at the side of the swath of farm land, seeding the swath of farm land with a single run down the swath with a tractor and a seeding implement therebehind that extends at least substantially the width of the swath.extending the plurality of swing arm assemblies with the multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks over the swath extending most of the width of the swath in a solar energy collection position;generating electricity from the multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks while allowing the allowing the planted swath to grow crops;retracting the plurality of swing arm assemblies to the side of the swath along the row of racking support structures for harvesting or other farming operations; andharvesting the crops from the swath with a single pass with a tractor and implement after retracting the swing arm assemblies and multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks to the side of the swath into a framing operation access position.

68. The method of claim 67, further comprising rotating each of the multiplicity of elongate solar panels about an axis for improving the solar energy collection of said multiplicity of elongate solar panels.

69. The method of claim 67, further comprising providing a microenvironment below the multiplicity of elongate solar panels by adjusting the solar panel positioning for facilitating growth of the planted crops thereunder.

70. The method of claim 67, further comprising raising the height above the ground of the multiplicity of the elongate solar panels as the crops grow.

71. The method of claim 67, further comprising adjusting the positioning of the multiplicity of elongate solar panels for inclement weather.

72. The method of claim 67, further comprising moving the multiplicity of elongate solar panels by horizontal swinging of the swing arm assemblies to provide differential shading and sunlight to the crops.

73. The method of claim 67, further comprising supporting distal ends of the swing arm assemblies when positioned in a solar energy collection mode.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0174. The method of claim 67, wherein the retracting the swing arm assemblies and multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks includes arranging the multiplicity of elongate solar panel racks in stacked arrangements.

75. A solar farm comprising:a plot of land defining an agrivoltaics region that extends in a first direction and extends in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the plot of land comprising arable ground;a plurality of rows of racking support structures, the racking support structures extending upwardly from the ground and affixed thereto, each of the rows arranged to extend generally in the first direction, each of the rows having one or two adjacent rows of the plurality of rows, wherein each pair of adjacent rows defining a swath therebetween, the swath having a width of at least fifty feet and a length of at least 200 feet;a plurality of swing arm racks attached each row of racking support structures, each swing arm rack having a set of aligned of solar panels mounted thereto, each set of aligned solar panels extending a length on the respective swing arm rack of at least 20 feet, each swing arm rack having a proximal end pivotally connected to a respective racking support structure and a distal end that is swingable between an extended position where the swing arm is in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction and a folded position where the swing arm extends substantially in the first direction;wherein when each of the plurality of swing arm racks are in their extended position the swing arm rack impedes farming of the swath by a tractor with an extended width implement;wherein when each of the plurality of swing arm racks are in their folded position, the swing arm racks and racking support structures do not impede the farming of the swath by a tractor with an extended implement.

76. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein each swing arm rack has an elongate axis and each swing am rack is rotatable about the elongate axis.

77. The solar farm of claim 75 or 76, wherein each row of racking support structures comprises a plurality of posts in alignment in the first direction.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0178. The solar farm of claim 77, wherein each post comprises a central support structure with a pair of swing arm racks extendable from opposite sides of the central support structure in substantial alignment with the second direction.

79. The solar farm of claim 77, wherein each the plurality of posts in alignment in the first direction are interconnected with spanning framework extending in the first direction.

80. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein the individual racking support structures of each row have a footprint projection having a width measured in the second direction of 4 feet or less.

81. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein each swing arm rack has an elongate axis and the swing ami rack is rotatable about the elongate axis.

82. The solar farm of claim 81, wherein the rotation of each swing arm rack about the elongate axis allows the set of aligned solar panels mounted thereto to follow the sun during the daytime when the swing arm rack is in the extended position.

83. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein each swing arm rack has a horizontal pivot axis allowing the swing arm rack to be raised and lowered.

84. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein the racking support structures do not have solar panels directly mounted thereto.

85. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein each racking support structures has at least one uppermost post portion extending upwardly, and wherein the uppermost post portion has a support wire extending to a distal end of one of the plurality of swing arm racks.

86. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein each swing arm rack has a support line extending from a distal end of the swing arm rack to an attachment point on the respective support structure, the attachment point elevated above the swing arm rack.

87. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein each of the support structures have elevated structure that extends above the swing arm racks and wherein the swing arm racks are each supported one or more lines extending to the elevated structure.

88. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein the swath defined between adjacent pairs of racking support structures is greater than 70 feet.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0189. The solar farm of claim 88, wherein the swath defined between adjacent pairs of racking support structures is greater than 90 feet.

90. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein when the plurality of swing arm racks are in the extended position, each swath has a respective plurality of the swing arm racks extending over the swath, with the respective plurality of swing anus extending over the swath from each of two sides of the swath.

91. The solar farm of claim 90, wherein when the plurality of swing arm racks are extending over the swath from each of two sides, the swing arms extend a total distance over the swath that is most of the width of the swath.

92. The solar farm of claim 90, wherein when the plurality of swing arm racks are extending over the swath from each of two sides, the swing arms extend a total distance over the swath that is at least 80% of the width of the swath.

93. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein adjacent pairs of swing arm racks are linked at their distal ends.

94. The solar farm of claim 75, wherein pairs of swing anus extending from opposing sides of a swath are connected or connectable when they are in their respective extended positions.

95. A solar farm comprising:a plot of land defining an agrivoltaics region that extends in a first direction and extends in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the plot of land comprising arable ground;a plurality of rows of racking support structures, the racking support structures extending upwardly from the ground and affixed thereto, each of the rows arranged to extend generally in the first direction, each of the rows having one or two adjacent rows of the plurality of rows, wherein each pair of adjacent rows defining a swath therebetween, the swath having a width of at least fifty feet and a length of at least 200 feet;a respective plurality of solar cell racks attached each row of racking support structures, each solar cell rack having a set of aligned of solar panels mounted thereto, wherein each respective plurality of solar cell racks are extendable over each swath from two sides of each swath, and wherein said plurality of solar cell racks extend a combined distance that is at leastAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W0170% of the width of the respective swath, whereby the plurality of solar cell racks impede farming in the swath, wherein the racks are retractable to respective support structures whereby farming in the swath is not impeded.

96. A solar farm suitable for farming with extended width farming equipmenta field suitable for growing crops;a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in the field, each row having a multiplicity of solar panels extending a length of each particular row, each row separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing;each row comprising a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies, each swing arm racking assembly comprising a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom, each swing arm rack having a first position in alignment with the respective row, and a second position transverse to the respective row, wherein when each of the swing arm racks are in the second position, they are extending in proximity with at least one corresponding pivoting swing arm racking assembly of an adjacent row.

97. The solar farm of any one of claims 96, wherein each swing arm rack of each swing arm racking assembly has a length that is greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows.

98. The solar farm of any one of claims 96-97, wherein each swing am rack of each swing arm racking assembly has a length that is at least two times greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows.

99. The solar fam of any one of claims 96-97, wherein each swing arm rack is at least 18 feet in length.

100. The solar farm of any one of claims 96-97, wherein each swing arm rack is pivotally attached to the respective central support structure from which the swing arm rack extends.

101. The solar farm of any one of claims 96-97, wherein the pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly pivots at the central support structure and moves from the first position to the second position with both swing arm racks extending in the same direction at the second position.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01102. The solar farm of any one of claims 96-97, wherein the pivoting of the swing arm racks is powered.

103. The solar farm of any one of claims 96-97, wherein each of the pair of swing arm racks of each of the respective swing arm racking assemblies is angularly fixed with respect to each other, and wherein when the each of the pairs of swing arm racks moves from the first position to the second position, the swing arm racks of each pair extend in opposite directions.

104. The solar farm of any one of claims 96-97, wherein the solar panels of each respective swing arm rack is angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis.

104. A solar farm suitable for farming with extended width farming equipment, the solar farm comprising:a field suitable for growing crops;a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in the field, each row having a multiplicity of solar panels extending a length of each particular row, each row separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing;each row comprising a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies, each swing arm racking assembly comprising a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom, each swing arm rack having a primary solar energy absorbing position in alignment with the respective row, and a second farming optimal position transverse to the respective row, wherein when each of the swing arm racks are in the second position, they are extending in proximity with at least one corresponding pivoting swing arm racking assembly of an adjacent row;wherein when each of the swing arm racks of each of the swing arm racking assemblies of each of the plurality of rows is in the second position, the swing arm racking assemblies define a plurality of farmable swaths extending traverse to the plurality of rows, and wherein each of the farmable swaths have a width of at least two times the row to row spacing.

105. The solar farm of claim 104, wherein the row to row spacing is in the range of 12 to 20 feet.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01106. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein each swing arm rack of each swing arm racking assembly has a length that is greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows.

107. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein each swing arm rack of each swing arm racking assembly has a length that is at least two times greater than the row to row spacing between the plurality of rows.

108. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein each swing arm rack is at least 20 feet in length.

109. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein each swing arm rack is pivotally attached to the respective central support structure from which the swing arm rack extends.

110. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein the pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks of each swing arm racking assembly pivots at the central support structure and moves from the first position to the second position with both swing arm racks extending in the same direction at the second position.

111. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein the pivoting of the swing arm racks is powered.

112. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein each of the pair of swing arm racks of each of the respective swing arm racking assemblies is angularly fixed with respect to each other, and wherein when the each of the pairs of swing arm racks moves from the first position to the second position, the swing arm racks of each pair extend in opposite directions.

113. The solar farm of any one of claims 104-105, wherein the solar panels of each respective swing arm rack is angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis.

114. A solar farm comprising a matrixical arrangement of swing arm racking assemblies, the swing arm racking assemblies arranged in rows extending generally east-west and in columns extending generally north-south, each swing arm racking assembly comprising an upwardly extending central support structure and a pair of swing ami racks each with a plurality of solar panels thereon, the pair of swing arm racks extending from opposite sides of the central support structure, each of the swing arm racks movable between a generally east-westAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01alignment for optimal solar energy absorption and a generally north-south alignment for farming operations.

115. The solar farm of claim 114, wherein when the swing arm racks are in the north-south alignment, farmable swaths between the columns of swing arm racking assemblies are defined.

116. The solar farm of any one of claims 114-115, wherein each of the farmable swaths is at least about 40 feet wide.

117. The solar farm of any one of claims 114-115, wherein when each of the swing arm racks extend generally east-west, there is row to row spacing between the rows of swing arm racking assemblies, the row to row spacing being between about 12 to 20 feet.

118. The solar farm of any one of claims 114-115, wherein each central support structure comprises a post.

119. A swing arm racking assembly for solar farms, the swing arm racking assembly comprising a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom, each swing arm rack having a first position and rotatable horizontally to a second position, the second position separated from the first position horizontally by an angular distance in the range of about 80 to 110 degrees, wherein each of the solar panel swing arm racks is at least 20 feet in length.

120. The swing arm racking assembly of claim 119, wherein each swing arm rack is pivotally attached to the central support structure.

121. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 119-120, wherein each of the pair of swing arm racks is angularly fixed with respect to other swing arm.

122. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 119-120, wherein the central support structure is a post.

123. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 119-120, wherein each swing arm rack is supported by a guy wire extending from the central support structure outwardly and downwardly to an end portion of the respective swing arm.

124. A swing ami racking assembly for solar farms, comprising:a central support structure;Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending from the central support structure, each swing arm rack having a length of at least 20 feet; anda pivot mechanism connecting each swing arm rack to the central support structure, the pivot mechanism configured to rotate each swing arm rack between a first position aligned with a row of solar panels and a second position transverse to the row of solar panels.

125. The swing arm racking assembly of claim 124, wherein the pivot mechanism comprises a powered actuator configured to rotate the swing arm racks between the first position and the second position.

126. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 124-125, wherein each swing arm rack comprises a plurality of solar panels mounted thereon.

127. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 124-125, wherein the solar panels are angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis relative to the swing arm.

128. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 124-125, further comprising a stabilizer link assembly connected between the central support structure and each swing arm rack to maintain alignment during rotation.

129. The swing arm racking assembly of any one of claims 124-125, wherein the second position is approximately 90 degrees from the first position.

130. A solar farm system, comprising:a plurality of rows of aligned solar panels arranged in a field, each row having a multiplicity of solar panels;each row separated from an adjacent row by a row to row spacing;each row comprising a plurality of swing arm racking assemblies, each swing arm racking assembly comprising a central support structure and a pair of elongate solar panel swing arm racks extending therefrom, each swing arm rack having a length greater than the row to row spacing;wherein the swing arm racks are movable between a first position aligned with the respective row for solar energy collection and a second position transverse to the respective row for creating farming swaths.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01131. The solar farm system of claim 131, wherein each swing arm rack has a length that is at least two times greater than the row to row spacing.

132. The solar farm system of any one of claims 130-131, wherein the swing arm racks are pivotally attached to the respective central support structures from which the swing arm racks extend.

133. The solar farm system of any one of claims 130-131, wherein the pivoting of the swing arm racks is powered by actuators.

134. The solar farm system of any one of claims 130-131, wherein when the swing arm racks are in the second position, they define farmable swaths extending transverse to the plurality of rows, each farmable swath having a width of at least two times the row to row spacing.

135. A solar energy farm, the solar energy farm having arable ground, and a first solar array positioned on the arable ground, the first solar array configurable in a primary solar power generating mode and reconfigurable to a farming operation mode where a wide farmable swath on the arable ground is provided, the first solar array comprising:a row of racking support structures extending upwardly from the ground, the row of support structures aligned in a first direction and having a first forward racking support structure and a rearward last racking support structure, and a plurality of intermediate racking support structures therebetween; the row having a length from the first forward racking support structure to the rearward last racking support structure, each racking support structure having an at the ground portion, an uppermost portion, and an intermediate elevated portion;an elevated horizontally extending central connecting beam extending in the first direction from the first forward racking support structure to each of the plurality of intermediate support structures to the rearward last racking support structure;a plurality of pairs of swing arm racks, each swing arm rack pivotally connected to the central connecting beam at a proximal end of each swing arm rack, each pair of swing arm racks having a left swing arm rack and a right swing arm rack, each swing arm rack having a row of solar panels attached thereto, wherein each connection between each swing arm rack and the central connecting beam has a vertical axis;Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01a left side peripheral stabilizing linkage extending in the first direction and pivotally connecting to a distal end of each of the left side swing arm racks;a right side peripheral stabilizing linkage extending in the first direction and pivotally connecting to a distal end of each of the right side swing arm racks;wherein each of the plurality of swing arm racks is positionable in a primary solar generating position with each arm extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;wherein each of the plurality of swing arm racks is movable from the primary solar generating position to a folded position with each swing arm rack extending rearwardly along the central connecting beam.

136. The solar energy farm of claim 137, wherein the solar array further comprises a pair of folding actuator swing arms, each swing arm pivotally connected the central connecting beam or one of the racking support structures and extending outwardly with one swing arm connecting to the left side peripheral stabilizing linkage and one swing arm connecting to the right side peripheral stabilizing linkage, the swing arms movable between a position extending in the second direction and a position extending in a rearward direction.

137. The solar energy farm of claim 136, wherein a powered actuator is connected to each of the pair of folding actuator swing arms for moving the swing arms between the second position and the position extending in a rearward direction.

138. The solar energy farm of claim 135, 136, or 137, wherein each of the swing arm racks is connected to the central connecting beam with a connection having a horizontal axis perpendicular to an axis of the central connecting beam, wherein each swing arm rack, when positioned in the primary solar generating position, is rotatable about the horizontal axis providing for optimal angulation for solar energy collection of the solar panels thereon.

139. The solar energy farm of claim 138, further comprising a drive system connected to each of the swing arm racks for adjustable rotating each swing arm rack.

140. The solar energy farm of any of claims 135-137, further comprising a second solar array with an identical or similar construction as the first solar array, the second solar array position directly next to the first solar array, and wherein one of the left side stabilizing linkage and theAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01right side stabilizing linkage of the first solar array, is connectable to a peripheral stabilizing linkage of the second solar array when the first solar array and the second solar array are both in the primary solar power generating mode.

141. The solar energy farm of any of claims 135-137, further comprising guy wires extending from the uppermost portions of a plurality of the racking support structures to each of the peripheral stabilizing linkages.

142. A solar array comprising:a row of racking support structures extending upwardly from the ground, the row of support structures aligned in a first direction and having a first forward racking support structure and a rearward last racking support structure, and a plurality of intermediate support structures therebetween; the row having a length from the first forward racking support structure to the rearward last racking support structure, each racking support structure having an at the ground portion, an uppermost portion, and an intermediate elevated portion;an elevated horizontally extending central connecting beam extending in the first direction from the first forward racking support structure to each of the plurality of intermediate support structures to the rearward last racking support structure;a plurality of pairs of swing arm racks, each swing arm rack pivotally connected to the central connecting beam at a proximal end of each swing arm rack, each pair of swing arm racks having a left swing arm rack and a right swing arm rack, each swing arm rack having a row of solar panels attached thereto, wherein each connection between each swing arm rack and the central connecting beam has a vertical axis;a left side peripheral stabilizing linkage extending in the first direction and pivotally connecting to a distal end of each of the left side swing arm racks;a right-side peripheral stabilizing linkage extending in the first direction and pivotally connecting to a distal end of each of the right side swing arm racks;wherein each of the plurality of swing arm racks is positionable in a primary solar generating position with each arm extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01wherein each of the plurality of swing arm racks is movable from the primary solar generating position to a folded position with each swing arm rack extending rearwardly along the central connecting beam.

143. The solar array of claim 142, wherein said solar array is a first solar array in combination with a second solar array with the same configuration as the first solar array, wherein a peripheral stabilizing linkage of the first solar array is connectable to a peripheral stabilizing linkage of the second solar array.

144. A swing arm racking assembly for solar farms, the swing arm racking assembly comprising a central support structure and a elongate solar panel swing ami rack extending therefrom and pivotally connected thereto, the swing arm rack having a first position that is a primary solar energy position that impedes the operation of fami machinery in a farming swath therebelow, the swing arm rack rotatable to a second position that is not a primary solar energy position, the second position not impeding the operation of farm machinery on the farming swath.

145. The swing arm racking assembly of claim 144, wherein the swing arm rack is connected to the central support structure at a pivot connection having a vertical axis and wherein the swing arm rack swings horizontally from the primary solar energy position to the second position.

146. The swing arm racking assembly of claim 144 or 145, wherein the swing arm rack is connected to the central support structure at a pivot connection having a horizontal axis and wherein a distal end of the swing arm rack rotates upwardly and downwardly from the primary solar energy position to the second position.

147. The swing arm racking assembly of any of claims 144 or 145, wherein the swing arm rack is a first swing arm rack and further comprising a second swing arm rack connected to the central support structure proximate the connection of the first swing arm rack.

148. The swing arm racking assembly of any of claims 144 or 145, wherein the swing arm rack has a guy wire extending from the swing arm rack to a portion of the central support structure elevated above the swing arm rack.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01149. The swing arm racking assembly of claim 148, wherein the guy wire also extends to a counterweight swing arm extending from the central support structure in a direction opposite to that of the swing arm rack.

150. The swing arm racking assembly of claiml49, wherein the counterweight swing arm also has ballast connected thereto.

151. The swing arm racking assembly of claim 149, wherein the guy wire extends from an end portion of the counterweight swing arm to the central racking support structure.

152. A solar farm with enhanced agrivoltaics comprising:a multiplicity of ground placed racking support structures arranged in a matrixical pattern having a plurality of rows of the racking support structures extending in an x direction, and a plurality of rows of the racking support structures extending in a y direction, the y direction having an angular orientation with respect to the x direction of between 75 and 105 degrees;adjacent racking support structures in each row spaced at least 40 feet apart, defining a farmable swath with a width of at least 30 feet extending between said adjacent racking support structures and through the adjacent racking support structures of each of the plurality of rows extending in the x direction;racking supporting solar panels positionable between adjacent racking support structures of each row, the racking providing a primary solar energy generating position of the solar panels, the racking positioning the solar panels at an elevation that impedes or precludes farming operations utilizing a tractor and a farming implement of at least 30 feet wide;wherein the racking is horizontally transformable to move the solar panels from the solar generating position to a farming operation position wherein the racking with the solar panels does not impede or preclude farming operations with the tractor and the farming implement of at least 30 feet.

153. The solar farm of claim 152, wherein the racking comprises a plurality of swing arm racks, each of the plurality of swing arm racks pivotally connected with respect to one or more of the racking support structures, each swing arm rack pivotal from a position where the elongate axis of the rack extends primarily in the x direction thereby positioning the solarAttorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01panels in the primary solar generating position, to a position where the elongate axis of the swing arm rack extends substantially in the y direction.

154. The solar farm of claim 152, wherein the racking is collapsable horizontally.

155. The solar farm of claim 152, wherein the spacing between adjacent racking support structures in each row extending in the x direction is at least 50 feet.

156. The solar farm of claim 152, wherein the spacing between adjacent racking support structures in each row extending in the x direction is at least 50 feet.

157. The solar farm of claim 152, wherein the spacing between adjacent racking support structures in each row extending in the x direction is at least 65 feet.

158. A method of building a solar farm having a solar array with enhanced agrivoltaics, the method comprising:selecting a plot with arable ground;installing a matrixical arrangement of racking support structures in the plot, each racking support structure extending upwardly from the ground, the matrixical arrangement having a plurality of rows of the racking support structures with the rows extending in an first direction, and having a plurality of rows extending in a direction transverse to the first direction, the installation comprising spacing each adjacent racking support structures in each row at least 50 feet apart, thereby defining a fannable swath that traverses each of the plurality of rows extending in the first direction,assembling one or more solar arrays supported by the matrixical arrangement of racking support structures, the solar arrays comprising rigid racking with a plurality of solar panels thereon, wherein the racking positions the solar panels in a primary solar generating position that is also an obstruction position with respect to the famiable swath, the assembling includes constructing the racking so that the racking may collapse horizontally to a non-obstruction position with respect to the farmable swath.

159. The method of claim 158, wherein the spacing of each adjacent racking support structures in each row at least 40 feet apart.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01160. The method of claim 158, wherein the spacing of each adjacent racking support structures in each row at least 60 feet apart.

161. The method of claim 158, wherein the spacing of each adjacent racking support structures in each row at least 70 feet apart.

162. The method of claim 158, wherein the spacing of each adjacent racking support structures in each row at least 80 feet apart.

163. The method of claim 158, wherein164. A method of agrivoltaic farming, the method comprising:providing a plurality of rows, of racking support structures, each of the plurality of rows extending in a first direction, each adjacent pair of rows of racking support structures separated by a swath at least 50 feet wide and at least 150 feet long;providing a respective set of a plurality of swing arm racks with solar panels pivotally to each of the plurality of rows of racking support structures such that the swing arm racks are swingable between a solar energy collecting position extending in a second direction out over the swath, and a folded-in position where the swing arm racks are positioned in substantial alignment with the racking support structures and oriented in the first direction, the second direction being perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and extending each respective set of the pluralities of swing arm racks with solar panels horizontally out over the swath for solar energy collection and folding-in each respective set of the pluralities of swing arm racks horizontally with solar panels for farming operations.

165. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 164, further comprising providing a tractor having a wide enough implement to perform the farming operation on each swath in a single pass and performing the farming operation in the swath when the swing arm racks are folded-in in a single pass.

166. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 164 or 165, wherein the swath is at least 70 feet wide and at least 200 feet long.

167. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 164 or 165, wherein after extending the swing arm racks supporting each swing arm with a support member extending to the ground.Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01168. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 164 or 165, further comprising supporting each swing arm with a support line extending from a distal end of each swing arm to an attachment point on the racking support structures.

169. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 164 or 165, further comprising rotating the solar panels of the racks to follow the sun during the day.

170. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 164 or 165, further comprising adjusting the swing arm racks to provide maximum solar collection base on the seasonal position of the sun.

171. A method of agrivoltaic farming, the method comprising:providing a plurality of solar arrays, the solar arrays having racking support structures extending from the ground, the racking support structures having retractable solar rack assemblies mounted to the racking support structures;providing spacing between adjacent racking support structures such that when the solar rack assemblies are retracted there is at least a 50 foot farmable swath therebetween.

172. A method of agrivoltaic farming, the method comprising:fully extending solar arrays providing a high density solar array system for solar energy collection;fully retracting or folding in the solar arrays providing a farmable swath of at least 50 feet wide and 200 feet long for performing farming operations.

173. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 172 further comprising proportioning the days of solar energy collection compared to farming operations to be at least 95% of the days of a year,174. The method of agrivoltaic farming of claim 172, further comprising adjusting the solar arrays in accord with sun positioning.

175. A method of building a solar farm having a solar array with enhanced agrivoltaics, the method comprising:installing on arable ground a plurality of racking support structures that are anchored into the ground and that are positioned at opposing longitudinal borders of a wide implement farming swath with the wide implement farming swath at least 50 feet wide and 100 feet long;Attorney Docket No. 2475.0014W01providing a plurality of rigid beam swing arm racks on the plurality of support structures with a connection between each of the swing arm racks and a respective support structure providing movement of the swing arm rack with respect to the respective support structure such that the rigid beam swing arm rack is movable between a position extending over the wide implement farming swath where wide implement farming is obstructed, and a position where the rigid beam swing arm rack is in a position where wide implement fanning is not obstructed.

176. The method of claim 175, further comprising providing a rotational component to the connection between each rigid beam swing arm rack and the respective support whereby each rigid beam swing arm rack may be horizontally swung to a position where it said rigid beam swing arm rack is oriented transverse to a longitudinal axis of the wide implement farming swath.

177. The method of claim 175 or 176, further comprising mounting a row of solar panels on each of the plurality of swing arm racks.

Images