Three-dimensional molding silk material and preparation method thereof, three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional molding method

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-dimensional molding wire material and a preparation method thereof, a three-dimensional printer and a three-dimensional molding method. The three-dimensional molding wire material of the present invention comprises a core wire and a wrapping layer wrapped outside the core wire, the core wire comprises metal powder, a binder, a dispersant and a flexibility enhancer, and the weight percentage of the metal powder in the core wire is more than 60%. The three-dimensional printer of the present invention comprises a wire material tray, a cleaning mechanism and a print head, the wire material tray is wound with the three-dimensional molding wire material, the cleaning mechanism is used to remove the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional molding wire material, one end of the core wire of the three-dimensional molding wire material is transmitted to the print head, and the print head is provided with a heating device, and the heating device is used to heat the core wire in the print head. The three-dimensional molding wire material of the present invention has good flexibility and can be kept dry, and the three-dimensional printer of the present invention is provided with a cleaning mechanism for removing the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional molding wire material, so that the wrapping layer does not participate in printing into the molding object, aiming to improve the quality of FDM metal three-dimensional printing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional molding, and in particular to a three-dimensional molding filament, a preparation method of the three-dimensional molding filament, a three-dimensional printer having the three-dimensional molding filament, and a three-dimensional molding method of the three-dimensional printer. Background Art

[0002] Three-dimensional (3D) rapid prototyping (printing), also known as additive manufacturing, is based on the principle of producing three-dimensional objects by printing or laying down successive layers of material. A 3D rapid prototyping device or 3D printer works by converting a 3D computer model of an object and producing a series of cross-sectional slices, then printing each slice, one on top of the other, to produce the final 3D object.

[0003] The main types of 3D rapid prototyping methods include: stereolithography or photocuring (Stereolithography, SLA), laminated object manufacturing (Laminated object manufacturing, LOM), selective laser sintering (Selective lasers intering, SLS), and fused deposition modeling (Fused deposition modeling, FDM).

[0004] At present, FDM type 3D printers (molding machines) are the most common on the market. This type of 3D printer has a low production cost and a relatively convenient printing process, which is easy for beginners to master. Its main principle is to melt a linear filament such as PLA (polylactic acid) through a high temperature (usually in the range of 200°C to 500°C) nozzle, and then use the subsequent continuous extrusion of the wire to extrude the molten material through the nozzle outlet, and then the molten material is accumulated layer by layer on the printing platform to produce a three-dimensional object. The Chinese invention patent application with application number CN201610270383.3 discloses an FDM three-dimensional printer and a printing method for printable metal materials. Specifically, the FDM three-dimensional printer includes a print head, a heating device, a printing platform and a sintering molding chamber. The printing method includes a preliminary molding step and a sintering step. The heating device heats the three-dimensional printing metal material. The heating temperature of the heating device is 50°C to 300°C. The binder binds the metal powder at 50°C to 300°C, thereby extruding the three-dimensional printing material on the printing platform to form a preliminary solidified object, and then sintering and solidifying the preliminary solidified object into a molded object through a sintering step. Since the main components of the three-dimensional printing metal material are inorganic metal powder and binder, the content of inorganic metal powder must be at least greater than 60% to achieve metal printing. However, when the weight percentage of metal powder in the three-dimensional printing material is more than 60%, the three-dimensional printing material is prone to brittle fracture during the material manufacturing process and use, and is easily affected by moisture, affecting the printing quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional molding filament with good flexibility and kept dry, aiming to improve the quality of FDM metal three-dimensional printing.

[0006] A second object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional printer having the above-mentioned three-dimensional molding filament.

[0007] The third object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional forming method of the above-mentioned three-dimensional printer.

[0008] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned three-dimensional forming silk material.

[0009] In order to achieve the first purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides a three-dimensional molding wire material, including a core wire and a wrapping layer wrapped around the core wire, the core wire includes metal powder, a binder, a dispersant and a flexibility enhancer, and the weight percentage of the metal powder in the core wire is more than 60%.

[0010] It can be seen from the above scheme that by coating the outer periphery of the metal core wire with a wrapping layer, during transportation, storage, and use, the metal core wire of the three-dimensional molding wire material is always in a sealed and wrapped state by the wrapping layer, thereby preventing the metal core wire from getting damp, and keeping the metal powder in the wrapping layer dry, solving the problem that the existing metal powder wire is easily damp, ensuring the printing quality of the three-dimensional molding wire material, and thus improving the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality. At the same time, the overall flexibility of the three-dimensional molding wire material of the present invention is good, thereby solving the problem that the existing metal powder wire material is easy to break during the material manufacturing process and the use process. In addition, the three-dimensional molding wire material of the present invention is easy to be wound into a roll for packaging. At the same time, because the outer periphery of the metal core wire is coated with a wrapping layer, the metal powder content of the metal core wire can be further increased, which is more conducive to the processing of the object after molding, and can enhance the structural strength of the molded object.

[0011] A further solution is that the metal powder is at least one of bronze, cobalt-based alloy, copper-based alloy, gold-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, stainless steel, iron, lead, and zinc alloy; and / or the binder is at least one of polyformaldehyde binder, polyethylene glycol binder, polymethyl methacrylate binder, polyethylene oxide binder, resin wax, light-curing wax, and light-curing UV material.

[0012] A further solution is that the dispersant is at least one of polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyacrylate; and / or the flexibility enhancer is at least one of a mixture of dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the wrapping layer is a thermoplastic film.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the thermoplastic film is at least one of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0015] In order to achieve the second purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides a three-dimensional printer, including a wire tray, a cleaning mechanism and a print head, the cleaning mechanism is arranged between the wire tray and the print head, the wire tray is wound with three-dimensional molding wire, the three-dimensional molding wire is the above-mentioned three-dimensional molding wire, the cleaning mechanism is used to remove the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional molding wire, one end of the core wire of the three-dimensional molding wire is transmitted to the print head, the print head is provided with a heating device, and the heating device is used to heat the core wire in the print head.

[0016] It can be seen from the above scheme that by providing a cleaning mechanism for removing the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional molding wire material on the three-dimensional printer that adopts the above-mentioned three-dimensional molding wire material printing, the wrapping layer can be prevented from participating in the printing into the molded object, thereby reducing the impact of processing the wrapping layer material on the quality of the molded object, and even there is no need to consider the impact of the wrapping layer material on the molded object, which is conducive to improving the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

[0017] A further solution is that the cleaning mechanism includes two feeding wheels and two receiving wheels, the two feeding wheels are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional formed wire material, a cutting knife is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of each feeding wheel, the cutting knife cuts the wrapping layer in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional formed wire material to form a first material layer and a second material layer, and the two receiving wheels are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional formed wire material, and the first material layer and the second material layer are respectively wound on the two receiving wheels.

[0018] It can be seen from the above scheme that, as the two feeding wheels rotate synchronously to convey the three-dimensional molding wire toward the print head, the cutting knives on the two feeding wheels cut the wrapping layer in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional molding wire to form the first material layer and the second material layer, and as the two collecting wheels rotate, the first material layer and the second material layer are collected respectively, so that the core wire of the three-dimensional molding wire is conveyed to the print head, and then the heating device on the print head heats and melts the core wire in the print head to form the object layer by layer, thereby improving the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

[0019] A further solution is that the cleaning mechanism includes two cleaning wheels, which are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional formed wire material, and the outer peripheral wall of each cleaning wheel is provided with a brush, which abuts against the wrapping layer and brushes off the wrapping layer.

[0020] It can be seen from the above scheme that the rotation of the cleaning wheel synchronously drives the brush to remove the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional molding wire material. After the wrapping layer is removed, the core wire of the three-dimensional molding wire material is transmitted to the print head. Then, the heating device on the print head heats and melts the core wire in the print head to form the object layer by layer, thereby improving the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

[0021] In order to achieve the third object of the above invention, the present invention provides a three-dimensional molding method, using the above three-dimensional printer, the three-dimensional molding method comprising:

[0022] Installing the 3D molding filament onto the filament tray of the 3D printer;

[0023] The cleaning mechanism of the 3D printer removes the wrapping layer of the 3D forming filament;

[0024] One end of the core wire of the three-dimensional molding filament is transmitted to the print head of the three-dimensional printer;

[0025] The heating device of the print head heats and melts the core wires in the print head to form the object layer by layer.

[0026] In order to achieve the fourth object of the above invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a three-dimensional shaped silk material, which is used to prepare the above three-dimensional shaped silk material, and the preparation method comprises:

[0027] Extruding the material constituting the core wire into a core wire of a specified diameter through an extruder;

[0028] While the core wire is extruded from the extruder, a wrapping layer is coated on the outer periphery of the core wire through a wrapping technology to form a three-dimensional shaped wire material;

[0029] The three-dimensionally formed filament is wound into a roll. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional forming wire material of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a three-dimensional forming silk material of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a cleaning mechanism in an embodiment of a 3D printer of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 1 is a structural diagram of a feed wheel in a first embodiment of a cleaning mechanism in a 3D printer embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a front view of a feed wheel of a first embodiment of a cleaning mechanism in an embodiment of a 3D printer of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the cleaning mechanism in the 3D printer embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a flow chart of an embodiment of the three-dimensional forming method of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Three-dimensional forming wire material example:

[0039] See also Figure 1The present embodiment discloses a three-dimensional molding wire material 1, comprising a core wire 11 and a wrapping layer 12 wrapped around the core wire 11, wherein the core wire 11 comprises metal powder, a binder, a dispersant and a flexibility enhancer, and the weight percentage of the metal powder in the core wire 11 is more than 60%. By wrapping the wrapping layer 12 around the outer periphery of the metal core wire 11, the metal core wire 11 of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1 is always in a sealed wrapping state by the wrapping layer 12 during transportation, storage and use, thereby preventing the metal core wire 11 from getting damp, and keeping the metal powder in the wrapping layer 12 dry, solving the problem that the existing metal powder wire material is easily damp, ensuring the printing quality of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1, and further improving the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality. At the same time, the overall flexibility of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1 of the present embodiment is good, thereby solving the problem that the existing metal powder wire material is easily brittle during the material manufacturing process and the use process. Moreover, the three-dimensional molding wire material 1 of this embodiment is easy to be wound into a roll for packaging. At the same time, since the outer periphery of the metal core wire 11 is coated with the wrapping layer 12, the metal powder content of the metal core wire 11 can be further increased, which is more conducive to the processing of the object after molding and can enhance the structural strength of the molded object.

[0040] Among them, the metal powder of this embodiment is at least one of bronze, cobalt-based alloy, copper-based alloy, gold-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, stainless steel, iron, lead, and zinc alloy; the binder is at least one of polyformaldehyde binder, polyethylene glycol binder, polymethyl methacrylate binder, polyethylene oxide binder, resin wax, photocuring wax, and photocuring UV material; the dispersant is at least one of polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyacrylate; and the flexibility enhancer is at least one of a mixture of dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate.

[0041] In addition, the wrapping layer 12 of the present embodiment is a thermoplastic film, which is at least one of polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The thickness of the wrapping layer 12 of the present embodiment is less than 0.2 mm, and the wrapping layer 12 can be carried out under vacuum drying conditions during the process of wrapping the outer periphery of the metal core wire 11, further improving the dryness of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1. In the length direction of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1, the length of the core wire 11 can be equal to the length of the wrapping layer 12, or the length of the wrapping layer 12 is greater than the length of the core wire 11, and the wrapping layer 12 extending from the core wire 11 is provided with a pre-opening, thereby achieving faster installation of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1.

[0042] Example of a method for preparing three-dimensional forming silk material:

[0043] See also Figure 2 The preparation method of the three-dimensional forming silk material of this embodiment is used to prepare the above three-dimensional forming silk material 1, and the preparation method comprises:

[0044] Step S1, extruding the material constituting the core wire 11 into a core wire 11 of a specified diameter through an extruder;

[0045] Step S2, while the core wire 11 is extruded from the extruder, a wrapping layer 12 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the core wire 11 by a wrapping technology to form a three-dimensional formed wire material 1;

[0046] Step S3, winding the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 into a roll.

[0047] 3D Printer Example:

[0048] This embodiment discloses a 3D printer using the above-mentioned 3D molding wire material 1 for printing, comprising a wire material tray (not marked), a cleaning mechanism and a print head 2, wherein the cleaning mechanism is arranged between the wire material tray and the print head 2, and the wire material tray is wound with the 3D molding wire material 1, and the 3D molding wire material 1 is the 3D molding wire material 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment. Among them, the cleaning mechanism is used to remove the wrapping layer 12 of the 3D molding wire material 1, and one end of the core wire 11 of the 3D molding wire material 1 is transmitted to the print head 2, and the print head 2 is provided with a heating device (not marked), and the heating device is used to heat the core wire 11 in the print head 2. By arranging a cleaning mechanism for removing the wrapping layer 12 of the 3D molding wire material 1 on the 3D printer using the above-mentioned 3D molding wire material 1 for printing, the wrapping layer 12 can be prevented from being printed into the molded object, thereby reducing the influence of the material of the wrapping layer 12 on the quality of the molded object, and even does not need to consider the influence of the material of the wrapping layer 12 on the molded object, which is conducive to improving the quality of FDM metal 3D printing.

[0049] See also Figures 3 to 5 The first embodiment of the cleaning mechanism includes two feeding wheels 31 and two receiving wheels 32. The two feeding wheels 31 are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional molding wire material 1. A cutting knife 311 is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of each feeding wheel 31. The cutting knife 311 cuts the wrapping layer 12 in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1 to form a first material layer 121 and a second material layer 122. The two receiving wheels 32 are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional molding wire material 1. The first material layer 121 and the second material layer 122 are respectively wound on the two receiving wheels 32. As the two feeding wheels 31 rotate synchronously to convey the three-dimensional molding wire 1 toward the print head 2, the cutting knives 311 on the two feeding wheels 31 cut the wrapping layer 12 in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional molding wire 1 to form a first material layer 121 and a second material layer 122, and as the two collecting wheels 32 rotate, the first material layer 121 and the second material layer 122 are collected respectively, so that the core wire 11 of the three-dimensional molding wire 1 is conveyed to the print head 2, and then the heating device on the print head 2 heats and melts the core wire 11 in the print head 2 to form an object layer by layer, thereby improving the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

[0050] Specifically, the number of cutting knives 311 on the feeding wheel 31 of the cleaning mechanism of the first embodiment is multiple, and the multiple cutting knives 311 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the feeding wheel 31, and each cutting knife 311 is cylindrical and extends outward in the radial direction of the feeding wheel 31, and each cutting knife 311 has a conical cutting head 312 at one end away from the feeding wheel 31, and the conical cutting head 312 can cut the package layer 12. In addition, the cutting knife 311 can also be set on the outer peripheral wall of the feeding wheel 31 in a disc shape.

[0051] The cleaning mechanism of the first embodiment is suitable for removing thicker wrapping layers 12, such as wrapping layers 12 made of polyethylene (PE) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). After being cut by the cleaning mechanism, the thicker wrapping layers 12 can be easily stretched into rolls for collection.

[0052] See also Figure 6 , the second embodiment of the cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises two cleaning wheels 41, the two cleaning wheels 41 are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional forming wire material 1, and the outer peripheral wall of each cleaning wheel 41 is provided with a brush 411, and the brush 411 abuts against the wrapping layer 12 and brushes off the wrapping layer 12. The second embodiment of the cleaning mechanism is to remove the wrapping layer 12 of the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 by the rotation of the cleaning wheel 41, and the core wire 11 of the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 after the wrapping layer 12 is removed is transmitted to the print head 2 through the feeding wheel, and then the heating device on the print head 2 heats and melts the core wire 11 in the print head 2 and then forms an object layer by layer, thereby improving the quality of FDM metal three-dimensional printing. This embodiment is suitable for a thinner wrapping layer 12. In addition, in order to achieve a cleaning effect, a diluent that facilitates the removal of the wrapping layer 12 material can be provided on the brush 411. For example, when the wrapping layer 12 is a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) material, the wrapping layer 12 can be more easily separated from the metal core wire 11 by soaking the brush 411.

[0053] Three-dimensional forming method embodiment:

[0054] See also Figure 7 The three-dimensional molding method of this embodiment uses the above-mentioned three-dimensional printer, and the three-dimensional molding method includes:

[0055] Step S10, installing the three-dimensional molding filament 1 onto the filament tray of the three-dimensional printer;

[0056] Step S20, the cleaning mechanism of the 3D printer removes the wrapping layer 12 of the 3D forming wire material 1;

[0057] Step S30, one end of the core wire 11 of the three-dimensional molding wire material 1 with the wrapping layer 12 removed is transferred to the print head 2 of the three-dimensional printer;

[0058] Step S40, the heating device of the print head 2 heats and melts the core wire 11 in the print head 2 to form an object layer by layer;

[0059] Step S50, sintering the object formed in step S40 to form a product.

[0060] The above embodiments are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles of the patent application scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional printer, characterized in that: It comprises a wire tray, a cleaning mechanism and a print head, wherein the cleaning mechanism is arranged between the wire tray and the print head, the wire tray is wound with a three-dimensional forming wire, the three-dimensional forming wire comprises a core wire and a wrapping layer wrapped outside the core wire, the core wire comprises metal powder, a binder, a dispersant and a flexibility enhancer, and the weight percentage of the metal powder in the core wire is more than 60%; The cleaning mechanism is used to remove the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional forming wire material, one end of the core wire of the three-dimensional forming wire material is transmitted to the printing head, and the printing head is provided with a heating device, and the heating device is used to heat the core wire in the printing head; The cleaning mechanism comprises two feeding wheels and two receiving wheels, the two feeding wheels are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional forming wire material, the outer peripheral wall of each feeding wheel is provided with a cutting knife, the cutting knife cuts the wrapping layer in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional forming wire material to form a first material layer and a second material layer; the two receiving wheels are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional forming wire material, and the first material layer and the second material layer are respectively wound on the two receiving wheels; Alternatively, the cleaning mechanism comprises two cleaning wheels, which are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional forming wire material, and a brush is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of each cleaning wheel, and the brush abuts against the wrapping layer and brushes off the wrapping layer.

2. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal powder is at least one of cobalt-based alloy, copper-based alloy, gold-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, stainless steel, iron, lead, and zinc alloy; And / or, the adhesive is at least one of a polyoxymethylene adhesive, a polyethylene glycol adhesive, a polymethyl methacrylate adhesive, a polyethylene oxide adhesive, a resin wax, a light-curing wax, and a light-curing UV material.

3. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is at least one of polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyacrylate; And / or, the flexibility enhancer is at least one of a mixture of dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate.

4. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wrapping layer is a thermoplastic film.

5. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermoplastic film is at least one of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinyl alcohol.

6. A three-dimensional forming method, characterized in that: Using the 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the 3D molding method comprises: Installing the three-dimensional molding filament on the filament tray of the three-dimensional printer; The cleaning mechanism of the three-dimensional printer removes the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional forming filament; One end of the core wire of the three-dimensional molding filament is transmitted to the print head of the three-dimensional printer; The heating device of the print head heats and melts the core wire in the print head to form an object layer by layer.

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