Water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency of tomato in high temperature and high humidity environment

Abstract

This invention provides a water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and humidity conditions. The method includes: Step 1: Intermittently testing the leaves and sap drained from tomato plants grown in a greenhouse to detect the boron content in the leaves and sap; Step 2: Monitoring the flowering and pollination status of the tomato plants; if the flowering and pollination rate is satisfactory, proceed to the next step; if the flowering and pollination rate is unsatisfactory, implement water and fertilizer control; Step 3: Detecting the nighttime water loss of the substrate from the tomato plants; Step 4: Monitoring the root system status; if the root system status is satisfactory, return to Step 1; if the root system status is unsatisfactory, implement water and fertilizer control. This invention promotes healthier growth of greenhouse-grown tomato plants, enhances their resistance to pests and diseases, and increases tomato yield. Simultaneously, the rapid adjustment of plant status reduces the amount of auxiliary agents used, lowering costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation, specifically relating to a water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Boron is widely found in fruits and vegetables and is one of the trace elements needed to maintain bone health and normal metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. It is effective in preventing calcium loss and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Boron deficiency can aggravate vitamin D deficiency. On the other hand, boron also helps increase testosterone secretion in men, strengthens muscles, and is an essential nutrient for athletes.

[0003] 1. Promotes pollen formation

[0004] Boron promotes pollen formation and pollen tube germination in plants, reducing issues such as wheat failing to bear fruit, cotton failing to flower, and pollen deformities. It also prevents flowers and buds from falling off easily, abnormal fertilization, and underdeveloped fruits and seeds.

[0005] 2. Promotes cell elongation and tissue differentiation

[0006] Boron can promote cell elongation and cell division in plants, which is beneficial to the growth and elongation of crop roots and prevents phenomena such as necrosis of growing points, leaf deformities and thickening, corky pericarp, and heart rot in beets.

[0007] 3. Promotes carbohydrate transport and protein metabolism.

[0008] 4. Boron can accelerate enzyme metabolism and lignin formation in plants.

[0009] 5. Boron can promote early maturity in plants.

[0010] 6. Boron can enhance crop resistance to stress in plants.

[0011] Boron participates in the transport and metabolism of carbohydrates in plants, increases the sugar content of fruits, improves fruit set rate, and avoids problems such as poor fruit development, deformity, and fruit drop.

[0012] Currently, in hydroponics in glass greenhouses, the main source of boron is borax. Boron deficiency significantly reduces pollination rates and hinders fruit set. This article covers methods for monitoring boron deficiency in tomato plants, adjusting water and fertilizer strategies, root care, and foliar application to ensure timely and effective adjustments.

[0013] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0014] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and humidity conditions, so that tomato plants cultivated in greenhouses grow healthier, are more resistant to diseases and pests, and can increase tomato yield. At the same time, the rapid adjustment of plant condition can reduce the amount of auxiliary agents used and lower costs.

[0015] This invention provides a water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Send samples of tomato leaves and sap from tomato plants grown in the greenhouse at intervals to test the boron content in the leaves and sap.

[0017] Step 2: Monitor the flowering and pollination rate of tomato plants;

[0018] If the tomato plants have a satisfactory flowering and pollination rate, proceed to the next step.

[0019] If the flowering and pollination rate of tomato plants is not up to standard, water and fertilizer control should be implemented.

[0020] Step 3: Detect the nighttime water loss of the tomato plant substrate strips;

[0021] If the water loss of the substrate strip of the tomato plant is within acceptable limits, proceed to the next step;

[0022] If the substrate water loss of tomato plants is not within the acceptable range, water and fertilizer control should be implemented.

[0023] Step 4: Monitor the root system status of the plant;

[0024] If the plant's root system is in good condition, proceed to step one.

[0025] If the plant's root system is not in good condition, water and fertilizer control should be implemented.

[0026] The specific process of implementing water and fertilizer control in steps two and three is as follows: the boron content in the irrigation solution is increased or decreased by 50 to 110 μmol / L.

[0027] The specific process of implementing water and fertilizer control in step four is as follows: if there are many white roots and the root system is sufficient, increase the boron supply to no more than 110 μmol / L; if the root system is insufficient or the color is yellow, add a small amount of root-promoting drug to the formula and reduce the boron supply to no less than 50 μmol / L. The root-promoting drug is brassinolide or its derivative.

[0028] After completing water and fertilizer control in step two, three, or four, send samples of tomato plant leaves and tomato plant sap to be tested every three days to detect the boron content in the tomato plant leaves and sap.

[0029] If the boron content in the tomato leaves and effluent is less than 50 μmol / L after testing, return to the corresponding step two, three, or four. If the result is unqualified in this step, spray the tomato plant leaves with 10-25 μmol / L boron foliar fertilizer.

[0030] If the boron content in tomato leaves and drainage fluid is higher than 50 μmol / L after testing;

[0031] Proceed to the next step.

[0032] The interval between spraying foliar fertilizer onto tomato plants should be greater than three days.

[0033] After water and fertilizer control, and one to two weeks after improvement, collect samples and send them to a professional institution for testing. If the boron content of the tomato plants has returned to normal, stop using root-promoting drugs and reduce the boron concentration in the formula by 10-25 μmol / L.

[0034] When carrying out water and fertilizer control, record the amount of boron supplied during each control process and the boron content of the submitted samples.

[0035] When controlling water and fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium should be supplied simultaneously with boron.

[0036] When controlling water and fertilizer, the control process should cover the entire growth process of tomato plants.

[0037] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0038] This invention continuously monitors the status of tomato plants from multiple aspects to promptly detect boron deficiency symptoms; secondly, it makes comprehensive adjustments after boron deficiency occurs to help the plants quickly recover to a healthy state; finally, after the tomato plants have recovered to a healthy state, they are managed normally while still being continuously monitored.

[0039] This method promotes healthier, more disease- and pest-resistant tomato plants grown in greenhouses, and increases tomato yield. Furthermore, rapidly adjusting plant condition reduces the amount of auxiliary pesticides needed, thus lowering costs. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Send samples of tomato leaves and sap from tomato plants grown in the greenhouse at intervals to test the boron content in the leaves and sap.

[0043] Step 2: Monitor the flowering and pollination rate of tomato plants;

[0044] If the tomato plants have a satisfactory flowering and pollination rate, proceed to the next step.

[0045] If the flowering and pollination rate of tomato plants is not up to standard, water and fertilizer control should be implemented.

[0046] The criteria for judging whether the pollination rate of tomato plants is qualified is that the pollination rate is higher than 70%;

[0047] Step 3: Detect the nighttime water loss of the tomato plant substrate strips;

[0048] If the water loss of the substrate strip of the tomato plant is within acceptable limits, proceed to the next step;

[0049] If the substrate water loss of tomato plants is not within the acceptable range, water and fertilizer control should be implemented.

[0050] The criteria for judging whether the water loss range of the substrate strip is acceptable are: the soil surface inside the substrate strip is moist and has a noticeable damp feel when touched, which is considered acceptable; the soil surface inside the substrate strip is dry and does not feel moist when touched, which is considered unacceptable.

[0051] Step 4: Monitor the root system status of the plant;

[0052] If the plant's root system is in good condition, proceed to step one.

[0053] If the plant's root system is not in good condition, water and fertilizer control should be implemented.

[0054] The criteria for judging whether the root system of a plant is qualified are as follows: if the root system is white or yellow, or the root quantity is insufficient and the number of fibrous roots is less than the standard quantity in the national standard, it is considered unqualified; if the root system is of normal color, the fibrous roots are growing normally and the number meets the standard quantity in the national standard, it is considered qualified.

[0055] The specific process of implementing water and fertilizer control in steps two and three is as follows: the boron content in the irrigation solution is increased or decreased by 50 to 110 μmol / L.

[0056] The specific process of implementing water and fertilizer control in step four is as follows: if there are many white roots and the root system is sufficient, increase the boron supply to no more than 110 μmol / L; if the root system is insufficient or the color is yellow, add a small amount of root-promoting drug to the formula and reduce the boron supply to no less than 50 μmol / L. The root-promoting drug is brassinolide or its derivative.

[0057] After completing water and fertilizer control in step two, three, or four, send samples of tomato plant leaves and tomato plant sap to be tested every three days to detect the boron content in the tomato plant leaves and sap.

[0058] If the boron content in the tomato leaves and effluent is less than 50 μmol / L after testing, return to the corresponding step two, three, or four. If the result is unqualified in this step, spray the tomato plant leaves with 10-25 μmol / L boron foliar fertilizer.

[0059] If the boron content in tomato leaves and drainage fluid is higher than 50 μmol / L after testing;

[0060] Proceed to the next step.

[0061] The interval between spraying foliar fertilizer onto tomato plants should be greater than three days.

[0062] After water and fertilizer control, and one to two weeks after improvement, collect samples and send them to a professional institution for testing. If the boron content of the tomato plants has returned to normal, stop using root-promoting drugs and reduce the boron concentration in the formula by 10-25 μmol / L.

[0063] When carrying out water and fertilizer control, record the amount of boron supplied during each control process and the boron content of the submitted samples.

[0064] When controlling water and fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium should be supplied simultaneously with boron.

[0065] When controlling water and fertilizer, the control process should cover the entire growth process of tomato plants.

[0066] This invention continuously monitors the status of tomato plants from multiple aspects to promptly detect boron deficiency symptoms; secondly, it makes comprehensive adjustments after boron deficiency occurs to help the plants quickly recover to a healthy state; finally, after the tomato plants have recovered to a healthy state, they are managed normally while still being continuously monitored.

[0067] This method promotes healthier, more disease- and pest-resistant tomato plants grown in greenhouses, and increases tomato yield. Furthermore, rapidly adjusting plant condition reduces the amount of auxiliary pesticides needed, thus lowering costs.

[0068] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Send samples of tomato leaves and sap from tomato plants grown in the greenhouse at intervals to test the boron content in the leaves and sap. Step 2: Monitor the flowering and pollination rate of tomato plants; If the tomato plants have a satisfactory flowering and pollination rate, proceed to the next step. If the flowering and pollination rate of tomato plants is not up to standard, water and fertilizer control should be implemented. Step 3: Detect the nighttime water loss of the tomato plant substrate strips; If the water loss of the substrate strip of the tomato plant is within acceptable limits, proceed to the next step; If the substrate water loss of tomato plants is not within the acceptable range, water and fertilizer control should be implemented. Step 4: Monitor the root system status of the plant; If the plant's root system is in good condition, return to step one; If the plant's root system is not in good condition, water and fertilizer control should be implemented. The specific process of implementing water and fertilizer control in steps two and three is as follows: the boron content in the irrigation solution is increased or decreased by 50–110 μmol / L. The specific process of implementing water and fertilizer control in step four is as follows: if there are many white roots and the root system is sufficient, increase the boron supply to no more than 110 μmol / L; if the root system is insufficient or the color is yellow, add a small amount of root-promoting drug to the formula and reduce the boron supply to no less than 50 μmol / L. The root-promoting drug is brassinolide or its derivative. After completing water and fertilizer control in step two, three, or four, send samples of tomato plant leaves and tomato plant sap to be tested every three days to detect the boron content in the tomato plant leaves and sap. If the boron content in the tomato leaves and effluent is less than 50 μmol / L after testing, return to the corresponding step two, three, or four. If the result is unqualified in this step, spray the tomato plant leaves with 10-25 μmol / L boron foliar fertilizer. If the boron content in tomato leaves and drainage fluid is higher than 50 μmol / L after testing; Proceed to the next step; After water and fertilizer control, and one to two weeks after improvement, collect samples and send them to a professional institution for testing. If the boron content of the tomato plants has returned to normal, stop using root-promoting drugs and reduce the boron concentration in the formula by 10-25 μmol / L. When controlling water and fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium should be supplied simultaneously with boron.

2. The water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The interval between spraying foliar fertilizer onto tomato plants should be greater than three days.

3. The water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, When carrying out water and fertilizer control, record the amount of boron supplied during each control process and the boron content of the submitted samples.

4. The water and fertilizer control method for boron deficiency in tomatoes under high temperature and high humidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, When controlling water and fertilizer, the control process should cover the entire growth process of tomato plants.