Floating wind turbine foundations, floating wind turbines, typhoon resistance methods, and wind power generation methods

Abstract

This invention discloses a floating wind turbine foundation, a floating wind turbine, a typhoon-resistant method, and a wind power generation method. The floating wind turbine foundation includes a tower foundation; multiple pontoons surrounding the tower foundation; and a telescopic extension mechanism, with each pontoon corresponding to one telescopic extension mechanism. The telescopic extension mechanism includes hydraulic jacks and folding hinges. The two ends of the hydraulic jacks are hinged to the tower foundation and the pontoons, respectively. The folding hinges include multiple hinged folding arms, with both ends hinged to the tower foundation and the pontoons. The floating wind turbine foundation provided by this invention can improve the connection stability between the pontoons and the tower foundation through the folding hinges, and achieve the expansion and contraction of the pontoons through the extension and contraction of the hydraulic jacks. Compared with traditional floating foundations, it meets typhoon-resistant requirements while reducing the redundancy of the floating wind turbine foundation and lowering the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating wind turbine foundation technology, and more particularly to a floating wind turbine foundation, a floating wind turbine, a typhoon-resistant method, and a wind power generation method. Background Technology

[0002] my country's coastal areas are rich in wind resources, but they are also typhoon-prone areas. Due to the characteristics of high wind speed and sudden changes in wind direction, typhoons may damage the blades, nacelles and foundations of wind turbines. Therefore, wind turbines usually adopt the method of strengthening floating foundations and wind turbine structure to resist typhoons, which is generally called "hard-line resistance". However, this results in excessive redundancy in the structural design of wind turbines, which increases the manufacturing cost of wind turbines.

[0003] Therefore, how to reduce the manufacturing cost of wind turbines while meeting the requirements for typhoon resistance is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a floating wind turbine foundation to reduce the manufacturing cost of wind turbine units while meeting the requirements for typhoon resistance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A floating wind turbine foundation includes:

[0007] Tower foundation;

[0008] Multiple pontoons are arranged around the tower foundation;

[0009] The telescopic extension mechanism is provided for each of the pontoons. Each telescopic extension mechanism includes a hydraulic jack and a folding hinge. The two ends of the hydraulic jack are respectively hinged to the tower foundation and the pontoon. The folding hinge includes multiple folding arms that are hinged to each other, and the two ends of the folding hinge are respectively hinged to the tower foundation and the pontoon.

[0010] Preferably, the floating wind turbine foundation also includes a controller for receiving weather information, the controller being electrically connected to the hydraulic jack.

[0011] Preferably, the above-mentioned floating wind turbine foundation also includes an inclinometer capable of detecting the wind turbine's tilt angle, a wind-measuring radar capable of detecting wind speed, and a floating sonar measuring device capable of detecting wave height. The inclinometer, the wind-measuring radar, and the floating sonar measuring device are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] Preferably, the above-mentioned floating wind turbine foundation also includes a pump for increasing the ballast water in the pontoon.

[0013] A floating wind turbine includes a tower, a wind turbine mounted on the tower, and a floating wind turbine foundation as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the tower is mounted on the floating wind turbine foundation.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine, the tower is a lifting structure.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine, the lifting structure includes a lifting drive gear disposed on the tower foundation, and the outer circumference of the tower is provided with lifting teeth that can cooperate with the lifting drive gear.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine, the wind turbine includes a hub and blades disposed on the hub, and the blades include a first blade segment connected to the hub and a second blade segment rotatably connected to the first blade segment.

[0017] A typhoon-resistant method, applied to any of the above-described floating wind turbine foundations, includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: When the floating wind turbine is in typhoon condition, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack extends and the folding hinge unfolds to increase the distance between the pontoon and the tower foundation.

[0019] Preferably, the above-described typhoon resistance method further includes the following steps preceding step S1:

[0020] SA1: Receives weather information to control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic jack based on the weather information.

[0021] Preferably, in the above-described typhoon resistance method, SA1 includes:

[0022] SA1-1: The tilt angle of the wind turbine is detected by an inclinometer, the wind speed is detected by a wind-measuring radar, and the wave height is detected by a floating sonar measurement device;

[0023] SA1-2: When the tilt angle of the wind turbine exceeds the tilt angle threshold, the wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, and / or the wave height exceeds the wave height threshold, the controller issues a deployment command;

[0024] SA1-3: After receiving the deployment command, the extension rod of the hydraulic jack extends.

[0025] A wind power generation method, including any of the typhoon resistance methods described above.

[0026] When using the floating wind turbine foundation provided by this invention, multiple pontoons are arranged around the tower foundation. Since the two ends of the hydraulic jack are hinged to the tower foundation and the pontoons respectively, and the folding hinge includes multiple hinged folding arms with both ends hinged to the tower foundation and the pontoons, when the wind turbine is in a non-typhoon operating condition, retracting the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack causes the pontoons to move closer to the tower foundation. As the pontoons move closer to the tower foundation, the multiple folds of the folding hinge... The overlapping arms reduce the waterline area of ​​the floating wind turbine foundation, thereby reducing wave loads and improving its stability. When a typhoon approaches, the extension rods of the hydraulic jacks are extended, causing the pontoons to move away from the tower foundation. As the pontoons move away, the multiple folding arms of the folding hinge unfold, increasing the restoring torque of the floating wind turbine foundation and further enhancing its stability. Therefore, the floating wind turbine foundation provided by this invention can improve the connection stability between the pontoons and the tower foundation through folding hinges, and achieve the unfolding and extension of the pontoons through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic jacks. Compared with traditional floating foundations, it meets typhoon resistance requirements while reducing redundancy and lowering the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine unit. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a floating wind turbine foundation under non-typhoon conditions, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of a floating wind turbine foundation under non-typhoon conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating wind turbine under non-typhoon conditions provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating wind turbine foundation under typhoon conditions provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5This is a top view of a floating wind turbine foundation under typhoon conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating wind turbine under typhoon conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tower provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pontoon provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another floating wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention under typhoon conditions;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of a typhoon resistance method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a step-by-step flowchart of step SA1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Among them, 100 is the tower foundation, 101 is the lifting drive gear, 200 is the pontoon, 201 is the anti-sway plate, 300 is the telescopic extension mechanism, 301 is the hydraulic jack, 302 is the folding hinge, 400 is the tower, 401 is the lifting gear, 500 is the wind turbine, 501 is the hub, 502 is the blade, 5021 is the first blade assembly, and 5022 is the second blade assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In view of this, the core of this invention lies in providing a floating wind turbine foundation to reduce the manufacturing cost of wind turbine units while meeting typhoon resistance requirements.

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a floating wind turbine foundation, including a tower foundation 100, a pontoon 200 and a telescopic extension mechanism 300.

[0043] The system includes multiple pontoons 200 arranged around the tower foundation 100. Each pontoon 200 corresponds to a telescopic extension mechanism 300, which includes a hydraulic jack 301 and a folding hinge 302. The two ends of the hydraulic jack 301 are respectively hinged to the tower foundation 100 and the pontoon 200. The folding hinge 302 includes multiple folding arms that are hinged to each other, and the two ends of the folding hinge 302 are respectively hinged to the tower foundation 100 and the pontoon 200.

[0044] When using the floating wind turbine foundation provided by this invention, multiple floats 200 are arranged around the tower foundation 100. Since the two ends of the hydraulic jack 301 are hinged to the tower foundation 100 and the floats 200 respectively, and the folding hinge 302 includes multiple hinged folding arms with both ends hinged to the tower foundation 100 and the floats 200 respectively, when the wind turbine 500 is in a non-typhoon operating condition, retracting the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack 301 causes the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack 301 to move the floats 200 closer to the tower foundation 100. As the floats 200 move closer to the tower foundation 100... The multiple folding arms of the folding hinge 302 fold together during the folding motion, reducing the waterline area of ​​the floating wind turbine foundation. This reduces the wave load on the floating wind turbine foundation and improves its stability. When a typhoon arrives, the extension rod of the hydraulic jack 301 is extended, causing the float 200 to move away from the tower foundation 100. As the float 200 moves away from the tower foundation 100, the multiple folding arms of the folding hinge 302 unfold, increasing the restoring torque of the floating wind turbine foundation and enhancing its stability. Therefore, the floating wind turbine foundation provided by this invention can improve the connection stability between the float 200 and the tower foundation 100 through the folding hinge 302, and achieve the unfolding and extension of the float 200 through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic jack 301. Compared with traditional floating foundations, this design meets typhoon resistance requirements while reducing the redundancy of the floating wind turbine foundation and lowering the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine unit.

[0045] It should be noted that each telescopic extension mechanism 300 may contain one hydraulic jack 301 and one folding hinge 302, or multiple hydraulic jacks 301 and / or multiple folding hinges 302, as long as the quantity meets the usage requirements, it falls within the protection scope of this invention; optionally, such as Figures 4 to 6As shown in the embodiment of the invention, there are two hydraulic jacks 301, and the telescopic rods of the hydraulic jacks 301 are inclined to the axis of the tower foundation 100. There is one folding hinge 302, so that in typhoon conditions, the float 200 can be pushed away from the tower foundation 100 by the hydraulic jacks 301. A stable triangular support structure is formed by one folding hinge 302 and two hydraulic jacks 301, which further improves the stability of the floating wind turbine foundation in typhoon conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine foundation also includes a controller for receiving weather information. The controller is electrically connected to the hydraulic jack 301 so that it can receive weather information and control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic jack 301 according to the weather information.

[0047] It should be understood that the aforementioned weather information can be weather forecast information made by the land-based weather forecast center. The controller intervenes in advance to extend and retract the hydraulic jack 301 based on the weather forecast information. When the weather forecast information shows a typhoon warning, the controller controls the hydraulic jack 301 to extend, pushing the float 200 to extend around the tower foundation 100. In other words, the controller actively controls the extension and retraction mechanism 300 based on the weather forecast information made by the land-based weather forecast center. Alternatively, the weather information can be real-time weather information detected by the detection components. When the real-time weather information shows that a typhoon is in effect, the controller controls the hydraulic jack 301 to extend, pushing the float 200 to extend around the tower foundation 100. In other words, the controller passively controls the extension and retraction mechanism 300 based on the real-time weather information.

[0048] Optionally, the floating wind turbine foundation provided in this embodiment of the invention passively controls the telescopic extension mechanism 300 based on real-time weather information. The floating wind turbine foundation also includes an inclinometer capable of detecting the wind turbine tilt angle, a wind speed radar capable of detecting wind speed, and a floating sonar measuring device capable of detecting wave height. The inclinometer, wind speed radar, and floating sonar measuring device are all electrically connected to the controller to transmit the detected wind turbine tilt angle, wind speed, and wave height information to the controller. When the wind turbine tilt angle exceeds the tilt angle threshold, the wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, and / or the wave height exceeds the wave height threshold, the controller issues an extension command. After receiving the extension command, the hydraulic jack 301 extends its telescopic rod, and the folding hinge 302 unfolds, thereby increasing the restoring torque of the floating wind turbine foundation and enhancing the stability of the entire floating wind turbine.

[0049] This invention does not specifically limit the values ​​of the above-mentioned tilt angle threshold, wind speed threshold, and wave height threshold. Any value that can meet the usage requirements is within the protection scope of this invention. Optionally, the tilt angle threshold provided in the embodiments of this invention is 15°, the wind speed threshold is 117km / h, and the wave height threshold is 14m.

[0050] Furthermore, the floating wind turbine foundation also includes a pump to increase the ballast water in the float 200, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the floating wind turbine foundation and improving its ability to withstand typhoons.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also discloses a floating wind turbine, including a tower 400, a wind turbine 500 disposed on the tower 400, and a floating wind turbine foundation as described in any of the above. The tower 400 is disposed on the floating wind turbine foundation so as to support the tower 400 by the floating wind turbine foundation. Since the floating wind turbine includes the floating wind turbine foundation described in any of the above, it takes into account all the technical effects of the above floating wind turbine foundation, which will not be described in detail here.

[0052] In addition, the aforementioned tower 400 is a lifting structure, which allows the center of gravity of the floating wind turbine to be lowered when facing typhoon conditions, thereby improving the floating wind turbine's ability to withstand typhoons.

[0053] It should be understood that the above-mentioned lifting structure can be driven by a screw and nut, a gear and rack, or a slider and slide rail, etc. Any transmission method that can meet the usage requirements is within the scope of protection of this invention; optionally, the embodiments of this invention provide a specific lifting structure.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, the lifting structure includes a lifting drive gear 101 set on the tower foundation 100. The outer circumference of the tower 400 is provided with lifting teeth 401 that can cooperate with the lifting drive gear 101, so that the tower 400 can be lifted and lowered by the lifting drive gear 101. When facing typhoon conditions, the center of gravity of the floating wind turbine is lowered by the lifting structure, thereby improving the typhoon resistance.

[0055] It should be understood that the aforementioned lifting gear 401 can be made by components such as a rack or toothed belt set on the outer circumference of the tower 400, or by directly machining toothed grooves on the outer circumference of the tower 400. As long as the structure can cooperate with the lifting drive gear 101 to achieve lifting, it is within the protection scope of this invention. Furthermore, in order to improve the lifting stability, there are multiple lifting drive gears 101, and the multiple lifting drive gears 101 are distributed in a circular array along the center of the tower foundation 100.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, a sway damping plate 201 is provided at the bottom of the pontoon to further lower the center of gravity of the floating wind turbine foundation, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the floating wind turbine and improving its ability to withstand typhoons.

[0057] like Figure 9As shown, the wind turbine 500 includes a hub 501 and blades 502 disposed on the hub 501. The blades 502 include a first blade segment 5021 connected to the hub 501 and a second blade segment 5022 rotatably connected to the first blade segment 5021, so that in typhoon conditions, the second blade segment 5022 can be rotated to coincide with the first blade segment 5021, thereby shortening the overall length of the blades 502 and improving the typhoon resistance of the floating wind turbine.

[0058] like Figures 10 to 11 As shown, the present invention also discloses a typhoon-resistant method, applied to the floating wind turbine foundation described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1: When the floating wind turbine is in typhoon conditions, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack 301 extends and the folding hinge 302 unfolds to increase the distance between the float 200 and the tower foundation 100, thereby increasing the restoring torque of the floating wind turbine foundation and enhancing its stability.

[0060] Therefore, the typhoon resistance method provided by the present invention can improve the connection stability between the pontoon 200 and the tower foundation 100 by using the folding hinge 302, and realize the expansion and contraction of the pontoon 200 by using the extension and retraction of the hydraulic jack 301. Compared with the traditional floating foundation, it can meet the typhoon resistance requirements while reducing the redundancy of the floating wind turbine foundation and reducing the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine.

[0061] In addition, the typhoon resistance method also includes the following steps preceding step S1:

[0062] SA1: Receives weather information and controls the extension and retraction of hydraulic jack 301 according to the weather information. In typhoon conditions, the restoring torque of the floating wind turbine foundation is adjusted by the extension and retraction length of hydraulic jack 301, thereby enhancing the stability of the floating wind turbine foundation.

[0063] It should be understood that the weather information received in step SA1 above can be weather forecast information made by the land weather forecast center. When the weather forecast information shows a typhoon warning, the hydraulic jack 301 extends, pushing the float 200 of the floating wind turbine foundation to extend around the tower foundation 100. That is, the telescopic extension mechanism 300 is actively controlled according to the weather forecast information made by the land weather forecast center. Alternatively, the weather information can be real-time weather information detected by the detection components. When the real-time weather information shows that the typhoon is in effect, the hydraulic jack 301 extends, pushing the float 200 to extend around the tower foundation 100. That is, the telescopic extension mechanism 300 is passively controlled according to the real-time weather information. Optionally, the weather information received in SA1 of the typhoon resistance method provided in this embodiment of the invention is real-time weather information.

[0064] Specifically, SA1 includes:

[0065] SA1-1: The tilt angle of the wind turbine 500 is detected by an inclinometer, the wind speed is detected by a wind-measuring radar, and the wave height is detected by a floating sonar measuring device. The detected tilt angle, wind speed and wave height are transmitted to the controller, which detects whether each parameter exceeds the threshold, that is, to determine whether a typhoon is approaching.

[0066] SA1-2: When the tilt angle of the wind turbine 500 exceeds the tilt angle threshold, the wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, and / or the wave height exceeds the wave height threshold, that is, when it is in typhoon condition, the controller issues an extension command to control the extension rod of the hydraulic jack 301 to extend.

[0067] SA1-3: After receiving the deployment command, the extension rod of the hydraulic jack 301 extends to increase the restoring torque of the floating wind turbine foundation, thereby enhancing the stability of the floating wind turbine foundation.

[0068] It should be understood that in the above steps SA1-2, the controller may issue a deployment command when the wind turbine tilt angle, wind speed and wave height all exceed the corresponding thresholds, or the controller may issue a deployment command when one or two of the wind turbine tilt angle, wind speed and wave height exceed the corresponding thresholds. In practical applications, the judgment conditions can be modified adaptively according to actual needs.

[0069] Furthermore, the present invention does not specifically limit the values ​​of the above-mentioned tilt angle threshold, wind speed threshold, and wave height threshold. Any value that can meet the usage requirements is within the protection scope of the present invention. Optionally, the tilt angle threshold provided in the embodiments of the present invention is 15°, the wind speed threshold is 117km / h, and the wave height threshold is 14m.

[0070] In addition, the present invention also discloses a wind power generation method, including any of the typhoon resistance methods described above, thus possessing all the technical effects of the above-mentioned typhoon resistance methods, which will not be elaborated on here.

[0071] The terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units may include steps or units not listed, but rather steps or units not listed.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A floating wind turbine foundation, characterized in that, The floating wind turbine foundation comprises: a tower foundation; a plurality of pontoons arranged around the tower foundation, the tower foundation being floated by the pontoons; a telescopic expansion mechanism corresponding to each of the pontoons, the telescopic expansion mechanism comprising a hydraulic jack and a folding hinge, two ends of the hydraulic jack being hingedly connected to the tower foundation and the pontoon respectively, the folding hinge comprising a plurality of folding arms hingedly connected to each other and two ends of the folding hinge being hingedly connected to the tower foundation and the pontoon respectively, when the floating wind turbine is in a typhoon working condition, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack is elongated and the folding hinge is unfolded to increase the distance between the pontoon and the tower foundation; a controller for receiving weather information, the controller being electrically connected to the hydraulic jack; a tilt angle detector for detecting the tilt angle of the wind turbine, a wind speed detector for detecting the wind speed, and a floating sonar measuring device for detecting the wave height, the tilt angle detector, the wind speed detector, and the floating sonar measuring device being electrically connected to the controller.

2. The floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that a water pump for increasing the ballast water of the pontoon.

3. A floating wind turbine, characterized in that The floating wind turbine foundation comprises:

4. The floating wind turbine of claim 3, wherein, a tower; 5. The floating wind turbine of claim 4, wherein, a wind turbine arranged on the tower; and 6. The floating wind turbine of claim 3, wherein, the floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1 or 2, the tower being arranged on the floating wind turbine foundation.

7. A method of cyclone resistant construction comprising: The tower is a lifting structure. The lifting structure comprises a lifting drive gear arranged on the tower foundation, and the outer circumference of the tower is provided with a lifting tooth capable of cooperating with the lifting drive gear.

8. The anti-Tai method according to claim 7, wherein, The wind turbine comprises a hub and a blade arranged on the hub, the blade comprising a first blade part connected to the hub and a second blade part rotationally connected to the first blade part. The method for applying the floating wind turbine foundation according to any one of claims 1 or 2 comprises the following steps:

9. The anti-Tai method according to claim 8, wherein, S1: when the floating wind turbine is in a typhoon working condition, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack is elongated and the folding hinge is unfolded to increase the distance between the pontoon and the tower foundation. The method further comprises the following step before step S1: SA1: receiving weather information to control the telescopic action of the hydraulic jack according to the weather information. The step SA1 comprises:

10. A method of wind power generation, characterized by, SA1-1: detecting the tilt angle of the wind turbine by the tilt angle detector, detecting the wind speed by the wind speed detector, and detecting the wave height by the floating sonar measuring device; SA1-2: when the tilt angle of the wind turbine exceeds a tilt angle threshold, the wind speed exceeds a wind speed threshold, and / or the wave height exceeds a wave height threshold, the controller issues an unfolding instruction; SA1-3: after receiving the unfolding instruction, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic jack is elongated. The typhoon-resistant method comprises the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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