Intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on appearance.

Abstract

This invention provides an intelligent tracking device for the rejection of cigarette packs based on their appearance, belonging to the field of quality inspection technology for cigarette packaging equipment. It includes a PCB core control board, peripheral detection circuits, and control programs. To overcome problems in existing technologies such as the lack of full-box detection and incomplete rejection of defective cigarettes leading to defective cigarette packs flowing into downstream equipment, this intelligent tracking device monitors whether each defective cigarette detected by the appearance quality inspection device has been successfully rejected. If not, it outputs an alarm or shutdown signal to remind the operator to remove the unrejected cigarette packs. Simultaneously, it monitors the rejection box, outputting an alarm signal when the box is full to remind the operator to empty it.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of quality inspection technology for cigarette packaging equipment, specifically relating to an intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on their appearance. Background Technology

[0002] After technological upgrades, the packaging workshop has significantly improved its automation level. In particular, a new large-batch appearance inspection system has been added at the packaging machine exit, replacing the previous manual inspection. This reduces the labor intensity of workers packing boxes, improves product quality, and reduces the factory's labor and management costs. The large-batch appearance inspection system includes a reflective fiber optic sensor, a defective cigarette rejection box, a cylinder for rejecting defective cigarettes, and pneumatic valves. However, in actual operation, the rejection system has the following defects: 1. The defective cigarette rejection box lacks a full-box detection device. Even when the rejection box is full, the large-batch appearance inspection device will still operate normally, resulting in situations where defective cigarettes cannot be successfully rejected due to a full rejection box, causing defective cigarettes to flow into downstream equipment and leading to quality incidents. 2. The rejection system of the large-bar appearance inspection device cannot completely and successfully reject abnormal cigarette bars. During routine maintenance and production, there may be instances of stuck cigarette bars or loose transparent paper wrapping. While the large-bar appearance inspection device can successfully detect these abnormal cigarette bars, the rejection sensor is triggered prematurely, causing the rejection cylinder to actuate too early. This results in the rejection device failing to remove the cigarette bars, ultimately allowing defective cigarettes to flow into downstream equipment, causing quality incidents or clogging downstream machine inlets. Therefore, improvements are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide an intelligent tracking device for the rejection of defective cigarettes based on their appearance. To overcome the problems of incomplete full-box detection and incomplete rejection of defective cigarettes leading to their flow into downstream equipment, this invention provides an intelligent tracking device that can detect whether the rejection of defective cigarettes based on their appearance quality is successful. It monitors whether each defective cigarette detected by the appearance quality inspection device is successfully rejected. If it is not successfully rejected, it outputs an alarm or shutdown signal to remind the operator to remove the unrejected cigarettes. Simultaneously, it monitors the rejection box, outputting an alarm signal when the box is full to remind the operator to empty it.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on their appearance, comprising a PCB core control board, peripheral detection circuits, and a control program;

[0005] The PCB core control board uses the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller as the core control chip and integrates the STM32F103VET6 minimum system, LM2576S-5.0 power module, AMS1117-3.3 power module, CH340 USB to serial port module, SD card slot, W25Q64JVSSIQ FLASH module, 3.2-inch LCD screen module, 4 PNP inputs, 4 NPN inputs, and 4 N-MOS outputs; the STM32F103VET6 minimum system has a built-in timer.

[0006] The peripheral detection circuit includes three 24V relays: K1 relay connected to the rejection valve for large strip appearance quality inspection, K2 relay connected to the downstream PLC, and K3 relay for outputting a rejection box full signal; two photoelectric sensors: rejection detection sensor B1 for rejection status detection and rejection box full detection sensor B2 for monitoring rejection boxes; and one cooling fan M.

[0007] The K1 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The rejection detection sensor B1 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The K2 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via an N-MOS transistor output. The rejection box full detection sensor B2 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The K3 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via an N-MOS transistor output.

[0008] The control program includes a rejection tracking program and a rejection box detection program located in the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller;

[0009] The K1 relay in the peripheral detection circuit collects the action of the rejection valve for the large strip appearance quality inspection. When the rejection valve actuates, the K1 relay transmits the signal to the PCB core control board, activating timer T1 on the PCB core control board. Within time T1, the PCB core control board cyclically reads the status of rejection detection sensor B1. If rejection detection sensor B1 detects a cigarette strip passing by within time T1, it indicates rejection failure. The PCB core control board then drives the K2 relay to output an alarm signal to the downstream machine, which stops and displays the shutdown signal on a 3.2-inch LCD screen. The shutdown signal duration is T2. Simultaneously, the rejection box full detection sensor B2 in the peripheral detection circuit detects the rejection box status signal and sends it to the PCB core control board. If the full box detection time reaches T3, the PCB core control board drives the K3 relay to trigger an alarm, reminding the operator to clean the rejection box.

[0010] Further defining the above technical solution, the four NPN inputs use a PC817SC opto-isolation module to convert external low-level signals into 0-3.3V signals to supply the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to the 24V VCC power supply through a pair of 4.7k resistors in parallel. Pin 2 is connected to the NPN input interface, and debouncing and voltage regulation are achieved through a parallel 104 capacitor and a 1k resistor. Pin 4 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V through a 1k pull-up resistor, and pin 3 is connected to GND through a 10k pull-down resistor. After voltage division and current limiting by the 1k and 10k resistors, pin 3 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller.

[0011] Further defining the above technical solution, the four PNP input interfaces convert external high-level signals into 0-3.3V signals to supply the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PC817SC opto-isolation module. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to the PNP input interface via a 4.7k resistor, and pin 2 is connected to GND. A 104 capacitor and a 1k resistor are connected in parallel for debouncing and voltage regulation. Pin 4 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V via a 1k pull-up resistor, and pin 3 is connected to GND via a 10k pull-down resistor. After voltage division and current limiting by the 1k and 10k resistors, pin 3 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller.

[0012] Further specifying the above technical solution, the N-MOS output uses an IRF540S N-channel MOS transistor to control the output. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V, pin 2 is connected to the GPIO of the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller through a 330Ω resistor, pin 4 is connected to 5V, and pin 3 is connected to GND through a 470Ω resistor in series with a green LED to ensure that the voltage at pin 3 is 5V. At the same time, pin 3 is connected to the gate (G) of the IRF540S to control the on / off state of the IRF540S. The source (S) of the IRF540S is connected to GND, and the drain (D) is the negative output. The positive output is connected to 24V VCC to drive the external circuit. A 100Ω resistor and a 1N4007 diode are connected in reverse series and then in parallel with the output and a 5.1kΩ resistor to protect the components from being broken down or burned out by induced voltage.

[0013] Further defining the above technical solution, the dimensions of the PCB core control board are: 215mm in length * 130mm in width.

[0014] Further specifying the above technical solution, the cooling fan adopts DC24V, has a size of 40*40*11mm, and an air volume of 6.22CFM.

[0015] Further defining the above technical solution, the elimination tracking program is written in a main program state machine loop, and the elimination box detection program is written in an STM32F103VET6 interrupt mode, wherein the timers T1 = 500ms, T2 = 1s, and T3 = 8s.

[0016] Advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies:

[0017] 1. To overcome the problems of incomplete full-box detection and incomplete removal of defective cigarettes leading to defective cigarettes flowing into downstream equipment in existing technologies, this solution provides an intelligent tracking device that can detect whether the removal of defective cigarettes by the appearance quality inspection device is successful. This device monitors whether each defective cigarette detected by the appearance quality inspection device has been successfully removed. If it is not successfully removed, an alarm or shutdown signal is output to remind the operator to remove the unremoved cigarettes. Simultaneously, the device monitors the removal box, outputting an alarm signal when the box is full to remind the operator to empty it. This eliminates the quality risk caused by defective cigarettes flowing into downstream machines due to a full removal box or incomplete removal of defective cigarettes.

[0018] 2. The core control board of the PCB in this solution uses the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller as the core control chip and independently develops the PCB driver circuit, which is integrated into a PCB circuit board. It can more accurately read the status of the rejection system in the large strip appearance inspection device, and the size can meet the installation conditions.

[0019] 3. This solution has independently developed a core judgment program that can accurately calculate whether a bad cigarette stick has been successfully removed based on the system status of the large cigarette stick appearance detection device collected by the hardware circuit. It can achieve similar dual-thread control and reduce hardware costs.

[0020] 4. This solution achieves a breakthrough in the development of a cigarette pack appearance quality rejection and tracking device. To ensure that the original cigarette pack appearance quality inspection equipment is not affected, it is designed as an independent device, thus not affecting the operation of the original equipment.

[0021] 5. This solution uses the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller as the core control chip for design and manufacturing. A DC24V, 40*40*11mm, and 6.22CFM cooling fan is used to dissipate heat from the PCB core control board, which can greatly extend the service life of this device.

[0022] 6. This solution uses a 3.2-inch LCD screen for real-time data display, which can facilitate the query of real-time data used by this device in production, such as: detection status, number of smokes rejected, number of rejection failures, rejection failure percentage, number of full boxes, and rejection box status. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the STM32F103VET6 minimum system in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the LM2576S-5.0 power module, AMS1117-3.3 power module, CH340USB to serial port module, SD card slot, W25Q64JVSSIQ FLASH module, and 3.2-inch LCD screen module in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the 4-channel PNP input, 4-channel NPN input, and 4-channel N-MOS transistor output in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a 2D schematic diagram of the PCB core control board in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-6 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0032] An intelligent tracking device for cigarette pack appearance inspection and rejection includes a PCB core control board, peripheral detection circuits and control program;

[0033] The PCB core control board uses the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller as the core control chip and integrates the STM32F103VET6 minimum system, LM2576S-5.0 power module, AMS1117-3.3 power module, CH340 USB to serial port module, SD card slot, W25Q64JVSSIQ FLASH module, 3.2-inch LCD screen module, 4 PNP inputs, 4 NPN inputs, and 4 N-MOS outputs; the STM32F103VET6 minimum system has a built-in timer.

[0034] The peripheral detection circuit includes three Phoenix Contact 24V relays: K1 relay connected to the rejection valve for large strip appearance quality inspection, K2 relay connected to the downstream PLC, and K3 relay for outputting a rejection box full signal; two SICK photoelectric sensors: rejection detection sensor B1 for rejection status detection and rejection box full detection sensor B2 for monitoring rejection boxes; and one cooling fan M.

[0035] The K1 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The rejection detection sensor B1 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The K2 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via an N-MOS transistor output. The rejection box full detection sensor B2 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The K3 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via an N-MOS transistor output.

[0036] The PCB core control board adopts a 4-channel NPN input design. The 4 NPN inputs use a PC817SC opto-isolation module to convert external low-level signals into 0-3.3V signals to supply the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to the 24V VCC power supply through a pair of 4.7k resistors in parallel. Pin 2 is connected to the NPN input interface, and debouncing and voltage regulation are achieved through a parallel 104 capacitor and a 1k resistor. Pin 4 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V through a 1k pull-up resistor, and pin 3 is connected to GND through a 10k pull-down resistor. After voltage division and current limiting by the 1k and 10k resistors, pin 3 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller.

[0037] The PCB core control board adopts a 4-channel PNP input design. The 4 PNP input interfaces convert external high-level signals into 0-3.3V signals via a PC817SC opto-isolation module to supply the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to the PNP input interface via a 4.7kΩ resistor, and pin 2 is connected to GND. A 104Ω capacitor and a 1kΩ resistor are connected in parallel for debouncing and voltage regulation. Pin 4 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V via a 1kΩ pull-up resistor, and pin 3 is connected to GND via a 10kΩ pull-down resistor. After voltage division and current limiting by the 1kΩ and 10kΩ resistors, pin 3 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller.

[0038] The PCB core control board adopts a 4-channel N-MOS output design. The N-MOS outputs are controlled by IRF540SN channel MOSFETs. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V, pin 2 is connected to the GPIO of the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller through a 330Ω resistor, pin 4 is connected to 5V, and pin 3 is connected to GND via a 470Ω resistor in series with a green LED to ensure a 5V voltage at pin 3. Pin 3 is also connected to the gate (G) of the IRF540S to control its on / off state. The source (S) of the IRF540S is connected to GND, and the drain (D) outputs the negative terminal. The positive output is connected to 24V VCC to drive external circuitry. A 100Ω resistor and a 1N4007 diode are connected in reverse series and then in parallel with the output and a 5.1kΩ resistor to protect components from induced voltage breakdown or burnout.

[0039] The dimensions of the PCB core control board are: 215mm long * 130mm wide.

[0040] The cooling fan is a DC24V, 40*40*11mm, 6.22CFM S-type cooling fan.

[0041] The control program includes a rejection tracking program and a rejection box detection program located within the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. The rejection tracking program is written using a main program state machine loop, while the rejection box detection program is written using STM32F103VET6 interrupts, enabling dual-threaded operation without mutual interference. The programs involved in this invention have been registered for software copyright and are considered prior art; therefore, they do not affect the clarity and completeness of this application.

[0042] Rejection Tracking Program: After the rejection system in the large cigarette appearance inspection device performs a rejection action, it converts the rejection action into a pulse signal via relay K1 and sends it to the cigarette appearance inspection rejection tracking device. Upon receiving the pulse signal, the device activates the internal timer T1 of the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. If a cigarette is successfully rejected, the rejection detection sensor B1 will not detect the cigarette during the execution of timer T1. If the rejection detection sensor B1 detects the cigarette, the cigarette appearance inspection rejection tracking device determines that the rejection system in the large cigarette appearance inspection device has failed to reject the cigarette. The LCD screen displays a count, and a stop signal is output to prevent the failed cigarette from flowing into downstream equipment. The stop signal length is T2. After T2 ends, the stop signal is automatically reset. Rejection box detection procedure: When the rejection box reaches a certain height, the rejection box full detection sensor B2 of the cigarette pack appearance detection rejection tracking device outputs a rising edge signal through the input port of the control board. When the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller detects the rising edge, it starts timer T3. If T3 times out, it outputs a stop signal indicating that the rejection box is full. When the operator empties the cigarette pack, the rejection box full detection sensor B2 outputs a falling edge signal to reset the stop signal indicating that the rejection box is full. If the T3 timer is not full, it will also reset the T3 counter if it detects a falling edge signal. The timers are: T1 = 500ms, T2 = 1s, and T3 = 8s.

[0043] To ensure safe and accurate reading of the rejection system status in the large-bar appearance inspection device, this invention uses a K1 relay to collect the rejection valve's operation status. The valve's operation is converted into a 24V pulse signal, transmitted via PNP input port 3 to the PB13 interface of the STM32F103VET6 on the PCB core control board. Upon receiving the rejection valve's operation, the microcontroller activates timer T1 and uses PNP input port 4 to cyclically read the status of rejection detection sensor B1 within time T1. If sensor B1 detects a passing cigarette bar within T1, it is considered a failed rejection and outputs a count to the LCD screen. Simultaneously, the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller drives relay K2 via N-MOS transistor 1, outputting an alarm signal to the downstream device. The downstream device receives the stop signal after relay K2 is activated and stops to prevent failed rejections from flowing into downstream equipment. The stop signal duration is T2, after which the stop signal is automatically reset. While monitoring the rejection of cigarette sticks, the rejection box is monitored via a full rejection box detection sensor B2. Sensor B2 is connected to both PNP input interfaces 1 and 2. When the rejection box is full, sensor B2 detects and holds the rising edge signal, which is captured by PNP input interface 1 and then transmitted to the PB15 interface of the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller to start timer T3. When the rejection box is not full, sensor B2 detects a low-level or falling edge signal, which is captured by PNP input interface 2 and then transmitted to the PB14 interface of the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller to reset and stop timer T3. When timer T3 expires, the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller drives relay K3 via N-MOS transistor 2, outputting a full box signal to remind the operator to empty the rejection box. After emptying, the status of sensor B2 is checked via PNP input interface 2 to reset the box.

[0044] This invention overcomes the problems of incomplete full-box detection and incomplete removal of defective cigarettes leading to defective cigarette sticks flowing into downstream equipment in existing technologies. It is used to monitor whether each defective cigarette detected by the cigarette stick appearance quality inspection device has been successfully removed. If it has not been successfully removed, an alarm or shutdown signal is output to remind the operator to remove the unremoved cigarette sticks. At the same time, it monitors the removal box and outputs an alarm signal when the removal box is full to remind the operator to empty the removal box. This can eliminate the quality risks caused by defective cigarette sticks flowing into downstream machines due to a full removal box or incomplete removal of abnormal cigarettes.

[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An intelligent tracking device for inspecting and rejecting cigarette packs based on their appearance, characterized in that: This includes the PCB core control board, peripheral detection circuits, and control program; The PCB core control board uses the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller as the core control chip and integrates the STM32F103VET6 minimum system, LM2576S-5.0 power module, AMS1117-3.3 power module, CH340 USB to serial port module, SD card slot, W25Q64JVSSIQ FLASH module, 3.2-inch LCD screen module, 4 PNP inputs, 4 NPN inputs, and 4 N-MOS outputs; the STM32F103VET6 minimum system has a built-in timer. The peripheral detection circuit includes three 24V relays: K1 relay connected to the rejection valve for large strip appearance quality inspection, K2 relay connected to the downstream PLC, and K3 relay for outputting a rejection box full signal; two photoelectric sensors: rejection detection sensor B1 for rejection status detection and rejection box full detection sensor B2 for monitoring rejection boxes; and one cooling fan M. The K1 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The rejection detection sensor B1 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The K2 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via an N-MOS transistor output. The rejection box full detection sensor B2 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via a PNP input. The K3 relay is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller via an N-MOS transistor output. The control program includes a rejection tracking program and a rejection box detection program located in the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller; The K1 relay in the peripheral detection circuit collects the action of the rejection valve for the appearance quality inspection of large strips. When the rejection valve is activated, the signal is transmitted to the PCB core control board via the K1 relay, activating timer T1 in the PCB core control board. The PCB core control board cyclically reads the status of rejection detection sensor B1 within the T1 time. If rejection detection sensor B1 detects a cigarette strip passing by within the T1 time, it indicates rejection failure. The PCB core control board drives the K2 relay to output an alarm signal to the downstream machine, which stops and displays the stop signal on the 3.2-inch LCD screen. The duration of the stop signal is T2. At the same time, the rejection box full detection sensor B2 in the peripheral detection circuit detects the rejection box status signal and sends it to the PCB core control board. If the full box detection time reaches T3, the PCB core control board drives the K3 relay to trigger an alarm, reminding the operator to clean the rejection box. The four NPN inputs use a PC817SC opto-isolation module to convert external low-level signals into 0~3.3V signals to supply the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to the 24V power supply VCC through a pair of 4.7k resistors in parallel. Pin 2 is connected to the NPN input interface and debouncing and voltage regulation are achieved through a parallel 104 capacitor and a 1k resistor. Pin 4 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V through a 1k pull-up resistor, and pin 3 is connected to GND through a 10k pull-down resistor. After voltage division and current limiting by the 1k and 10k resistors, pin 3 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller. The four PNP input interfaces convert external high-level signals into 0~3.3V signals to supply the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller through the PC817SC opto-isolation module. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to the PNP input interface through a 4.7k resistor, and pin 2 is connected to GND. A 104 capacitor and a 1k resistor are connected in parallel for debouncing and voltage regulation. Pin 4 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V through a 1k pull-up resistor, and pin 3 is connected to GND through a 10k pull-down resistor. After voltage division and current limiting by the 1k and 10k resistors, pin 3 is connected to the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller.

2. The intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on appearance inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The N-MOS output is controlled by an IRF540S N-channel MOSFET. Pin 1 of the PC817SC opto-isolation module is connected to 3.3V, pin 2 is connected to the GPIO of the STM32F103VET6 microcontroller through a 330Ω resistor, pin 4 is connected to 5V, and pin 3 is connected to GND through a 470Ω resistor in series with a green LED to ensure that the voltage at pin 3 is 5V. At the same time, pin 3 is connected to the gate (G) of the IRF540S to control the on / off state of the IRF540S. The source (S) of the IRF540S is connected to GND, and the drain (D) is the negative output. The positive output is connected to 24V VCC to drive external circuits. A 100Ω resistor and a 1N4007 diode are connected in reverse series and then in parallel with the output and a 5.1kΩ resistor to protect the components from breakdown or burnout by induced voltage.

3. The intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on appearance inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the PCB core control board are: 215mm long * 130mm wide.

4. The intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on appearance inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling fan uses DC24V, measures 40*40*11mm, and has an airflow of 6.22CFM.

5. The intelligent tracking device for rejecting cigarette packs based on appearance inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rejection tracking program is written in a main program state machine loop, and the rejection box detection program is written in STM32F103VET6 interrupt mode. The timers T1=500ms, T2=1s, and T3=8s.

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