Microwave sensing, radiation and scattering integrated intelligent skin

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent skin integrating microwave sensing, radiation and scattering, which relates to the field of electromagnetic scattering control and antenna technology. An antenna array detects incident electromagnetic wave signals in real time and transmits them to an intelligent control system via a signal transmission line. After processing the received signals, the intelligent control system generates a control signal based on the information of the incident electromagnetic wave and a preset electromagnetic control target, and transmits the control signal via the signal transmission line to an active metasurface and an antenna array respectively, so as to dynamically control the electromagnetic waves scattered by the active metasurface and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna array. The present invention can detect incident electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency band, and can dynamically and actively control the scattering and radiation of electromagnetic waves in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic scattering control and antenna technology, and in particular to an intelligent skin integrating microwave sensing, radiation and scattering. Background Art

[0002] The regulation of electromagnetic radiation and scattering has long been a research topic in the electromagnetic field. Metasurfaces are composite materials composed of subwavelength-scale units arranged in a specific macroscopic pattern, exhibiting extraordinary physical properties not possessed by natural materials. The emergence of metasurfaces has greatly enhanced the ability to regulate electromagnetic wave scattering and radiation, and is widely used in stealth design of weapons and equipment, electromagnetic shielding, and other fields. However, metasurfaces with only scattering and radiation functions are passive and cannot adapt to complex electromagnetic environments or respond promptly to changes in detected electromagnetic waves. Therefore, there is a need to seek a smart skin that can intelligently detect incident electromagnetic waves and, based on the information of the incident electromagnetic waves, regulate scattering and radiation in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent skin that integrates microwave sensing, radiation and scattering, which can detect incident electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency band and can dynamically and actively regulate the scattering and radiation of electromagnetic waves in real time.

[0004] The present invention provides an intelligent skin integrating microwave sensing, radiation and scattering, comprising:

[0005] Antenna array: includes m*n antenna units, which are used to receive incident electromagnetic wave signals and transmit the incident electromagnetic wave signals to the intelligent control system;

[0006] Intelligent control system: used to analyze the incident direction, polarization and frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave signal, preset the electromagnetic control target, output the control signal based on the preset electromagnetic control target and the analysis result of the incident electromagnetic wave signal, and regulate the state parameters of the active metasurface and antenna array;

[0007] Active metasurface: includes m*n electromagnetic structural units, which are electrically connected to the intelligent control system. Diodes, transistors or graphene are loaded between the electromagnetic structural units, and the state parameters of the diodes, transistors or graphene are adjusted according to the output control signal.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0009] The metal backplate is provided at the bottom of the antenna array.

[0010] Furthermore, the intelligent control system adopts a feeding mode of transmission line feeding or space feeding.

[0011] Furthermore, the m*n antenna units in the antenna array are anisotropic.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0013] The microwave sensing, radiation and scattering integrated intelligent skin proposed in the present invention uses an antenna array to detect the incident electromagnetic wave signal in real time and transmit it to the intelligent control system through a signal transmission line. After processing the received signal, the intelligent control system generates a control signal based on the information of the incident electromagnetic wave and the preset electromagnetic control target, and transmits the control signal to the active metasurface and the antenna array respectively through the signal transmission line to perform dynamic control of the electromagnetic waves scattered by the active metasurface and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna array; each module of the present invention is highly integrated and can be mass-produced; the microwave sensing, radiation and scattering integrated intelligent skin provided by the present invention can completely independently and actively complete the conversion of various electromagnetic control functions, reduce manual operations, greatly save conversion time, and improve work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a workflow provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 A flow chart for detecting the incident direction, polarization, and frequency of an incident electromagnetic wave provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of scattered electromagnetic wave control for scattering an incident electromagnetic wave into two upper and lower beams provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of scattered electromagnetic wave control for scattering an incident electromagnetic wave into four beams provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of controlling the scattering of incident electromagnetic waves into scattered electromagnetic waves uniformly distributed in space provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 A diagram showing the radar cross section (RCS) reduction effect achieved by controlling the scattering of incident electromagnetic waves according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of controlling the radiated electromagnetic waves provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the main lobe direction of the radiated electromagnetic waves is parallel to the normal direction of the smart skin;

[0022] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the control of the radiated electromagnetic waves provided in the embodiment of the present invention, in which the direction of the radiated electromagnetic waves can be arbitrarily changed and the main lobe direction forms a certain angle with the normal direction of the smart skin;

[0023] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the control of the radiated electromagnetic waves when the radiated electromagnetic waves of the smart skin provided in an embodiment of the present invention are two beams.

[0024] Explanation of the accompanying figures: 1-active metasurface, 2-antenna array, 3-intelligent control system, 4-metal backplane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides an intelligent skin integrating microwave sensing, radiation and scattering, comprising:

[0028] Antenna array 2: includes m*n antenna elements, with m*n inputs and m*n outputs. Each antenna element can independently receive and transmit electromagnetic waves. Antenna array 2 receives incident electromagnetic wave signals and transmits them to intelligent control system 3. The m*n antenna elements in antenna array 2 are anisotropic and can radiate electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency band.

[0029] A metal back plate 4 is provided at the bottom of the antenna array 2;

[0030] Intelligent control system 3: Receives the incident electromagnetic wave signal from the antenna array 2, uses an intelligent algorithm to analyze the incident direction, polarization, and frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave signal, presets an electromagnetic control target, and outputs a control signal based on the preset electromagnetic control target and the analysis result of the incident electromagnetic wave signal to control the state parameters of the active metasurface 1 and the antenna array 2, that is, to control the feeding amplitude and phase of each antenna unit in the antenna array 2, thereby controlling the radiation of the electromagnetic wave. The feeding method adopted by the intelligent control system 3 is transmission line feeding or space feeding;

[0031] Active metasurface 1: Composed of m*n periodic or aperiodic electromagnetic structural units, it is electrically connected to an intelligent control system 3. Diodes, transistors, or graphene are loaded between the electromagnetic structural units. The state parameters of the diodes, transistors, or graphene are adjusted according to the output control signal to achieve control of the state parameters of active metasurface 1, or to achieve functional reconfiguration of active metasurface 1 through mechanical control. Active metasurface 1 is used to control one or more of the amplitude, phase, frequency, and polarization of scattered electromagnetic waves in the microwave band.

[0032] The active metasurface 1 and the antenna array 2 may be designed as an integrated whole in the same plane, or may be designed as a composite structure in different planes.

[0033] The intelligent control system 3 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The intelligent control system 3 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0034] The integrated microwave sensing, radiation, and scattering intelligent skin provided by the present invention can be used for adaptive control of electromagnetic wave scattering and radiation in complex electromagnetic environments, resolving the problems of existing skins with single functions and limited applicability. The design provided by the present invention is highly integrated, mass-producible, and controllable. It can be used for sensing and detecting incident electromagnetic fields / waves, controlling the scattering and radiation of incident electromagnetic fields / waves, and is suitable for adaptive control of electromagnetic wave scattering and radiation in complex electromagnetic environments. In addition to achieving the control of electromagnetic wave scattering and radiation by traditional metasurfaces, the present invention also introduces the sensing and detection of the polarization, incident direction, and frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave.

[0035] Working principle: The antenna array 2 detects the incident electromagnetic wave signal in real time and transmits it to the intelligent control system 3 through the signal transmission line; after processing the received signal, the intelligent control system 3 generates a control signal based on the information of the incident electromagnetic wave and the preset electromagnetic control target, and transmits the control signal to the active metasurface and the antenna array respectively through the signal transmission line; the active metasurface dynamically controls the scattered electromagnetic wave according to the control signal, and the antenna array dynamically controls the radiated electromagnetic wave according to the control signal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the entire smart skin is irradiated with plane electromagnetic waves in free space, and electromagnetic simulation software is used to simulate the three-dimensional far-field scattering patterns of the embodiment of the present invention in different states; at the same time, the feeding of the antenna array elements is changed to simulate the three-dimensional radiation patterns of the embodiment of the present invention in different states.

[0037] Simulation 1: As a special case, a PIN diode is loaded into the unit structure of the active metasurface. By changing the state of the PIN diode, different scattering controls of the incident electromagnetic wave can be achieved, such as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the electromagnetic waves can be scattered into two beams, four beams and uniform distribution respectively.

[0038] Simulation 2: As a special case, by changing the state of the active metasurface, the scattering of the incident electromagnetic wave can be controlled to achieve broadband RCS reduction of the smart skin, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0039] Simulation 3: As a special case, radiation control can be achieved by changing the phase and amplitude of the feed of each element of the antenna array, such as Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the radiated electromagnetic waves can be: the main lobe direction is parallel to the normal direction of the smart skin, the main lobe direction forms a certain angle with the normal direction of the smart skin, and are radiated into two beams.

[0040] The above simulation results show that the intelligent skin integrating microwave sensing, scattering and radiation of this embodiment realizes the sensing detection, scattering control and radiation control of the incident electromagnetic waves. At the same time, the active metasurface loaded with PIN diodes as a special example demonstrates good scattering control capability and also demonstrates good radiation control capability.

[0041] The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Microwave sensing, radiation and scattering integrated intelligent skin, characterized by: include: Antenna array (2): comprising m*n antenna units, for receiving incident electromagnetic wave signals and transmitting the incident electromagnetic wave signals to the intelligent control system (3); the m*n antenna units in the antenna array (2) are anisotropic; An intelligent control system (3) is used to analyze the incident direction, polarization and frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave signal, preset an electromagnetic control target, output a control signal according to the preset electromagnetic control target and the analysis result of the incident electromagnetic wave signal, and control the state parameters of the active metasurface (1) and the antenna array (2); the feeding method adopted by the intelligent control system (3) is transmission line feeding or space feeding; Active metasurface (1): comprising m*n electromagnetic structural units, which are electrically connected to an intelligent control system (3), and diodes, transistors or graphene are loaded between the electromagnetic structural units, and the state parameters of the diodes, transistors or graphene are adjusted according to the output control signal.

2. The microwave sensing, radiation and scattering integrated intelligent skin according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A metal back plate (4) is arranged at the bottom of the antenna array (2).

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