Self-responding blocking and risk-eliminating emergency device and implementation method for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-responsive blocking and risk-eliminating emergency device and an implementation method for water inrush and soil gushing in a shield tunnel, which includes a fixed support pre-installed on the segment of the shield crown, a support plate with a trigger response device, a special flood control bag folded and stored on the support plate, and an electrochemical sensor preset on the segment of the shield floor. When a water inrush and sand gushing disaster suddenly occurs in the tunnel under construction, the sand-water mixture surging on the floor encounters the electrochemical sensor, triggering the top arch response device. The support bracket drops, the framework slides down accordingly, and the flood control bag quickly unfolds and tightly wraps the shield tunnel. The bag opening faces the direction of the sand-water mixture, intercepting the suddenly surging sand and water. The sand is retained in the flood control bag through the tail filter opening, allowing the water with a lower sand content to flow through. The self-responsive blocking and risk-eliminating emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in the tunnel can slow down the spreading speed of the suddenly surging sand and water in the shield tunnel, provide time for the emergency escape of personnel during the disaster, and has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient loading and unloading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel construction and maintenance, and particularly relates to a self-responsive blocking and risk elimination emergency device and implementation method for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels. Background Art

[0002] During shield construction, it is often encountered with water-rich sand layers or engineering situations of crossing rivers and waters. Due to the limited technology of geological exploration, when high-confined water layers or underground rivers and other adverse geological conditions not found in the exploration stage are encountered during the construction process, the lining segments often rupture, and the situation of water and soil gushing into the tunnel occurs, which also leads to secondary environmental geological disasters such as water resource depletion and ground surface collapse, posing a serious threat to the safety of tunnel engineering construction, the safety of people's lives and property, and ecological environment protection.

[0003] For the emergency measures when water inrush and soil gushing disasters occur in tunnels, the current existing technical means is to adopt the method of combining airbags and grouting. Chinese Patent 202010034943.1 discloses a rapid anti-water inrush device for underwater tunnels. This invention pre-fixed and installed an inflatable airbag on the side wall of the tunnel lining. When a water inrush accident occurs in the tunnel, the air pump is timely started on the ground to inflate the airbag to form a water blocking wall to block the spread of the water potential. Chinese Patent 202110906863.5 discloses a method and emergency device for preventing water and sand gushing from the shield tail. This invention uses a polymer wear-resistant rubber and plastic material to make an airbag in the shield tail gap to block the shield tail gap and avoid safety accidents caused by the failure of the shield tail brush. Chinese Patent 202110788688.4 discloses a shield segment pre-reinforcement structure and construction method based on an airbag steel ring. This invention lays and joints a circular airbag and a fixing steel ring along the lining segment, and grouts into the airbag layer when necessary to inhibit the development of tunnel structure deformation. However, the above emergency devices using airbags all have the disadvantages of inconvenient device operation, the device fails once the airbag is damaged, and it is easy to block water but not sand.

[0004] To sum up, the following problems exist in the prior art: for the problem of water and sand gushing in the tunnel under sudden conditions, there is a lack of relevant feasible emergency disaster reduction devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a self-responsive blocking and risk elimination emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels, which has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient loading and unloading. This device can slow down the spread speed of sudden gushing sand and water when a sudden inrush disaster occurs in the tunnel, and provide time for the emergency evacuation of personnel in the tunnel.

[0006] The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A self-responsive blocking and risk elimination emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels, comprising:

[0008] A fixed support pre-installed on the segment of the shield tunnel lining through expansion bolts; a support pallet with a trigger response device connected to the fixed support; flood control bags pre-laminated and stacked on the support pallet.

[0009] The flood control bag is divided into two parts, a contraction support part and a trailing part. The contraction support part includes 7 spherical joint hinges, 6 steel skeletons, and 2 spherical chains; immovable partial spherical joint hinges are welded at different positions on the fixed support, and the remaining movable spherical joint hinges lean on the fixed support; there are threads on the outstretched arms at both ends of the spherical joint hinge, which are tightened and connected to the steel skeleton 4 through threads; the spherical chain is connected to the steel skeleton through a spherical joint hinge.

[0010] The trigger response device includes an electrochemical sensor and a sensing wire. The electrochemical sensor is connected to the support pallet through the sensing wire, and the support pallet is embedded in the groove of the fixed support.

[0011] The electrochemical sensor is arranged in the gap of the shield tunnel floor in front of the tunnel at a certain distance from the emergency device.

[0012] The sensing wire is arranged closely along the shield segment wall.

[0013] The trailing part of the flood control bag is made of a single-layer PVC material that is impermeable and wear-resistant, and wire mesh water filtering holes are distributed at the end part.

[0014] A water pump for pumping water is arranged behind the water collection bag.

[0015] An implementation method of the shield tunnel emergency device as described above is to pre-install and set a fixed support on the crown of the shield segment, connect a pallet with a trigger response device, and store flood control bags or water collection bags with a support structure in a layered and folded manner on the pallet. One flood control bag is set every 200 - 300 meters, and the water collection bag is set at the exit of the shield tunnel section. The tail of the water collection bag is opened and connected to the water pump. The trigger response device is specifically to install an electrochemical sensor on the segment floor and a sensing wire connected to the sensor trigger, and the sensing wire is routed closely along the shield segment wall;

[0016] When cracks or collapse appear in the shield segments of the tunnel under construction, the resistance of the sensor changes, and the signal is transmitted to the support plate located a certain distance away through the sensor line. The support plate immediately falls off from the groove of the fixed support, and the supporting structure falls to form an arc that fits the shield bottom plate. A flood control bag that fits the tunnel segment is unfolded in the circular tunnel. After the sand and water mixture flows into the flood control bag, the water with less sand content is separated and discharged through the water filter holes at the tail end of the bag and continues to flow backward. Most of the sand and soil remain in the flood control bag, forming a blocking structure. The water collecting bag arranged at the end of the overall device collects water in the sudden surge mixture, and the water in the water collecting bag is pumped out by a water pump device and recharged to the location where the sudden surge disaster initially occurred.

[0017] The self-response blocking and emergency device for preventing sudden water and soil gushing in tunnels described in the present invention can greatly slow down the spreading speed of the sand-water mixture in the shield tunnel when encountering sudden sand and water gushing during tunnel construction, and reach a stable state during the sandbag filling process, thereby reducing the amount of sand gushing in the tunnel, providing time for emergency escape of personnel when a disaster occurs, and effectively preventing and reducing casualties and property losses caused by accidents during tunnel construction. The device of the present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient and quick loading and unloading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of a tunnel when the device of the present invention is deployed;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tunnel cross section in another direction when the device of the present invention is deployed;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel cross section when the device of the present invention is stored;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of a tunnel when the device of the present invention is deployed;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the tunnel when the device of the present invention is stored;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball chain in the device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the steel frame and the spherical joint hinge, and the ball chain and the spherical joint hinge in the device of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure, shield segment 1, fixed support 2, ball joint hinge 3, steel skeleton 4, ball chain 5, support plate 6, electrochemical sensor 7, sensor line 8, flood control bag 9, water collection bag 10, water filter hole 11, water pump 12, first ball joint hinge 31, second ball joint hinge 32, and third ball joint hinge 33. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] As Figures 1-5 shown, a self - responsive blocking and risk - eliminating emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels of the present invention includes a shield segment 1, a fixed support 2, a spherical joint hinge 3, a steel skeleton 4, a spherical chain 5, a support plate 6, an electrochemical sensor 7, a sensing wire 8, a flood control bag 9, a water - collecting bag 10, a water - filtering hole 11, and a water pump 12.

[0028] A self - responsive blocking and risk - eliminating emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels of the present invention includes the fixed support pre - installed on the crown of the shield segment. A support plate with a trigger response device is connected to the support. A flood control bag (or water - collecting bag) with a skeleton / spherical chain in a folded and stored state as a support structure is stored on the support plate. The skeletons are sequentially connected by spherical joint hinges. The electrochemical sensor installed on the segment floor, and the sensing wire connecting the sensor trigger. The flood control bag is mainly made of PVC material, with wire mesh water - filtering holes arranged locally. The flood control bag collects the incoming sand and discharges the water outwards. The water - collecting bag is wholly made of PVC material, with an opening at the tail connected to the water pump. The water pump pumps the water collected by the water - collecting bag and at the same time reinjects it to the location where the sudden gushing disaster initially occurred.

[0029] Preferably, the bolts of the fixed support are expansion bolts.

[0030] Preferably, the skeleton material is a cold - formed thin - walled lightweight steel pipe.

[0031] Preferably, the spherical joint hinge has the function of restricting the opening and closing angle.

[0032] Preferably, the electrochemical sensor has the function of changing the resistance when encountering water and outputting a signal.

[0033] Preferably, the electrochemical sensor is connected to the trigger response device through an optoelectronic signal sensing wire.

[0034] The fixed support 2 is connected to the shield segment 1 by means of bolt connection. One end of the fixed support vertically inserted into the shield segment has an insertion depth of not less than 5 cm. The connecting lines of the insertion points of the three fixed supports pre - installed at the crown position form a 135° angle.

[0035] The support structure of the present invention is designed with a total of seven spherical joint hinges 3, six steel skeletons 4, and two sections of ball chains. The first spherical joint hinge 31, the second spherical joint hinge 32, and the third spherical joint hinge 33 are respectively connected to the fixed support 2 by welding and are immovable. The remaining spherical joint hinges 3 only lean on the fixed support 2 and can move. All the spherical joint hinges 3 have the function of restricting the opening and closing angle. The steel skeletons 4 are connected to each other by spherical joint hinges through threads. The ball chains 5 are also connected to the steel skeletons by spherical joint hinges 3. The receiving and discharging end openings of the flood control bags 9 (water collecting bags 10) are closely attached to the steel skeletons 4 and the ball chains 5.

[0036] The trigger response device of the present invention includes an electrochemical sensor arranged on the segment bottom plate and a sensing wire connecting the sensor trigger. The electrochemical sensor 7 is connected to the support plate 6 through the sensing wire 8, and the sensing wire 8 is routed closely along the segment wall of the shield. The support plate 6 is embedded in the groove of the fixed support 2. The electrochemical sensor 7 is buried on the shield bottom plate at a certain distance in front of the flood control bag 9 (water collecting bag 10).

[0037] The specific implementation method of the present invention is as follows:

[0038] In the storage state, the steel skeletons 4, the ball chains 5, and the flood control bags 9 (water collecting bags 10) are folded in layers and placed above the support plate 6.

[0039] When cracks or collapses occur in the shield segment 1 under construction, sudden gushing sand and water quickly rush into the shield section. When the sand and water mixture encounters the electrochemical sensor 7, the resistance of the sensor changes, and the signal is transmitted through the sensing wire 8 to the support plate 6 located at a certain distance behind. The support plate 6 immediately falls off from the groove of the fixed support 2, and the ball chain 5 falls onto the shield bottom plate along the trend, forming an arc that fits the shield bottom plate. The skeleton 4 slides and unfolds in sequence until the restricted angle of the spherical joint hinge 3. At this point, a flood control bag 9 that fits the tunnel segment is unfolded in the circular tunnel. After the sand and water mixture gushes into the flood control bag 9, through the water filtering holes 11 at the tail end of the bag, the water with less sand content is separated and discharged and continues to flow backward, while most of the sand and soil remains in the flood control bag 9, automatically forming a blocking structure. A water collecting bag 10 is arranged at the end of the overall device to collect the water in the sudden gushing mixture and pump out the water in the water collecting bag through the water pump device 12 and refill it to the location where the sudden gushing disaster initially occurred.

[0040] The self - response blocking and risk elimination emergency device for tunnel water inrush and soil gushing can greatly slow down the spreading speed of the sand and water mixture in the shield tunnel, provide time for personnel to escape emergently during disasters, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and convenient and fast loading and unloading.

Claims

1. A self-response blocking and risk-eliminating emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels, characterized in that, include: A fixed support (2) pre-installed on the shield tunnel lining segment (1) by means of expansion bolts; A support plate with a trigger response device connected to a fixed support (2); the support plate is provided with pre-layered and stacked flood control bags (9) or water collection bags (10); The flood control bag (9) is divided into two parts, a shrinkage support part and a trailing part, the shrinkage support part includes 7 ball joint hinges (3), 6 steel frames (4) and 2 sections of ball chains (5); the fixed support (2) is welded with immovable parts of the ball joint hinges at different positions, and the remaining movable ball joint hinges are placed on the fixed support (2); the spherical joint hinges (3) have threads on the arms at both ends, and are connected to the steel frame (4) by screw thread tightening; the ball chain (5) is connected to the steel frame (4) by the spherical joint hinge (3); The trigger response device comprises an electrochemical sensor (7) and a sensing line (8); the electrochemical sensor (7) is connected to a support plate (6) via the sensing line (8); and the support plate (6) is embedded in a groove of a fixed support (2).

2. The self-response blocking and risk elimination emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrochemical sensor (7) is arranged in a gap of the shield bottom plate in front of the tunnel at a certain distance from the emergency device.

3. The self-response blocking and risk elimination emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels according to claim 2, wherein The sensing line (8) is arranged close to the shield segment wall.

4. The self-response blocking and risk elimination emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The trailing portion of the flood control bag (9) is made of a water-impermeable and wear-resistant single-layer PVC material, and the end portion is provided with wire mesh water filtering holes (11).

5. The self-response blocking and risk elimination emergency device for water inrush and soil gushing in shield tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, A water pump (12) for pumping water is arranged behind the water collection bag (10).

6. A method for implementing the self-response blocking and emergency device for water and soil inrush in a shield tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A fixed support is pre-installed on the top arch of the shield segment, and a pallet with a trigger response device is connected. Flood control bags or water collection bags with a support structure are stored in layers on the pallet. The flood control bags are arranged at intervals of 200 to 300 meters. The water collection bags are arranged at the exit of the shield tunnel section. The tail opening of the water collection bag is connected to the water pump. The trigger response device is specifically an electrochemical sensor installed on the bottom plate of the segment and a sensor line connected to the sensor trigger. The sensor line is routed close to the wall of the shield segment. When cracks or collapses appear in the shield segment of the tunnel under construction, the resistance of the sensor changes, and the signal is transmitted to the support plate (6) located at a certain distance behind through the sensor line. The support plate (6) immediately falls off from the groove of the fixed support (2), and the support structure falls to form an arc that fits the shield bottom plate. A flood control bag that fits the tunnel segment is unfolded in the circular tunnel. After the sand and water mixture flows into the flood control bag, the water with less sand content is separated and discharged through the water filter hole at the rear end of the bag and continues to flow backward. Most of the sand and soil remain in the flood control bag, forming a blocking structure. The water collection bag arranged at the end of the overall device collects water in the sudden surge mixture, and the water in the water collection bag is pumped out by a water pump device and recharged to the location where the sudden surge disaster initially occurred.

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