A beam splitting driven subcritical device for superconducting linear accelerator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator, comprising a superconducting linear accelerator, a beam splitting device, a plurality of beam pipes, a subcritical reactor barrel, a nuclear fuel assembly and a coolant circulation system, wherein the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator is connected to the plurality of beam pipes through the beam splitting device; the nuclear fuel assembly comprises a plurality of bombardment target tubes, a nuclear fuel tube and a core reflection tube, and the coolant circulation system comprises a subcritical reactor main pump and a subcritical reactor heat exchanger, wherein the subcritical reactor main pump and the subcritical reactor heat exchanger are connected and arranged in a circumferential direction around the plurality of core reflection tubes. Compared with the existing accelerator transmutation device, the beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator disclosed by the present invention improves the power amplification factor of the accelerator transmutation device, improves the production efficiency and the total power of the device, improves the life of the spallation target, and reduces the power peak factor of the subcritical reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-energy particle accelerators, and in particular to a beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator. Background Art

[0002] The proportion of fossil energy will decrease, while the proportion of nuclear energy and renewable energy will increase. The future energy system is destined to be more low-carbon, environmentally friendly and diversified. The production of nuclear energy in a more environmentally friendly way by reducing waste, especially high-level radioactive waste, will enhance the potential of nuclear energy in the future. How to properly handle and dispose of high-level radioactive waste generated during the operation of nuclear power in my country, minimize nuclear waste, and achieve sustainable development of nuclear energy in my country is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] The accelerator driven sub-critical system (ADS) combines a particle accelerator with a reactor to provide a continuous wave proton beam with an energy of about 1 GeV to form a high-current proton. The high-current proton is injected into the spallation target in the subcritical reactor to produce neutrons and drive the subcritical reactor to operate. The single spallation target in the accelerator driven sub-critical device will gather heat, resulting in heat concentration in the subcritical reactor. The power peak factor is high, much higher than that of a conventional critical reactor. In engineering, in order to reduce the power peak factor, the inner and outer fuel partitions are generally arranged, with low-enrichment fuel in the inner zone and high-enrichment fuel in the outer zone. This scheme not only reduces the efficiency of the proton beam and brings challenges to the design of the spallation target, but also limits the maximum power that the subcritical core can reach, reducing the combustion efficiency of the fuel.

[0004] In short, the current single spallation target driven accelerator driven subcritical device has the problem of heat accumulation and limiting the energy amplification factor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator, so as to solve the problem that heat accumulation and energy amplification factor are limited in the current accelerator driven subcritical device driven by a single spallation target.

[0006] The present invention provides a beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator, comprising a superconducting linear accelerator, a beam splitting device, a plurality of beam pipes, a subcritical barrel, a nuclear fuel assembly and a coolant circulation system, wherein the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator is connected to the plurality of beam pipes through the beam splitting device; the nuclear fuel assembly comprises a plurality of bombardment target tubes, a plurality of nuclear fuel tubes and a plurality of core reflection tubes, all of which are vertically arranged in the subcritical barrel; an inner tube is inserted into the upper end of the bombardment target tube, and a target window is welded to the bottom of the inner tube. The outlet ends of a plurality of beam pipes penetrate into the subcritical reactor barrel and are respectively inserted into the interior of the inner tubes at the top ends of a plurality of bombardment target tubes; each nuclear fuel tube includes a nuclear fuel rod, and the plurality of nuclear fuel tubes surround the bombardment target tube; a plurality of core reflection tubes are arranged around the plurality of nuclear fuel tubes; the coolant circulation system includes a plurality of groups of cooling circulation pipelines, each group of cooling circulation pipelines includes a subcritical reactor main pump and a subcritical reactor heat exchanger, and the subcritical reactor main pumps and the subcritical reactor heat exchangers of the plurality of groups of cooling circulation pipelines are connected and are circumferentially arranged around the plurality of core reflection tubes.

[0007] Preferably, the beam splitting device includes at least one primary beam splitter and several secondary beam splitters, the primary beam splitter includes an inlet and several outlets, the inlet of the primary beam splitter is connected to the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator; the secondary beam splitter includes an inlet and several outlets, the inlet of each secondary beam splitter is connected to an outlet of the primary beam splitter; the inlet of each beam pipe is connected to an outlet of the secondary beam splitter.

[0008] Preferably, adjacent nuclear fuel tubes are closely attached to each other to form a tube bundle cluster with a hexagonal cross-section, and six bombardment target tubes are evenly distributed in the tube bundle cluster; the six bombardment target tubes are connected in sequence at the ends of the points where the cross-section of the tube bundle cluster is located to form a hexagon, and the lines connecting the adjacent points where the cross-section of the six bombardment target tubes is located are parallel to the sides of the outer edge of the tube bundle cluster; a plurality of core reflection tubes are arranged on the outside of the tube bundle cluster, and the lines connecting the sides where the outer side surfaces of the cross-sections of the plurality of core reflection tubes are located are hexagonal.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the target window is equivalent to the height of the nuclear fuel rod.

[0010] Preferably, a core grid support base is provided at the bottom of the subcritical barrel, and the interior of the core grid support base is a cavity; a coolant storage cavity is provided in the middle and upper part of the subcritical barrel; a subcritical barrel lower annular cavity is provided in the lower part of the subcritical barrel and above the core grid support base along the inner wall of the subcritical barrel, and the lower annular cavity of the subcritical barrel takes the barrel wall of the subcritical barrel as the outer ring, the outer wall of the coolant storage cavity as the inner ring and the core grid support base to form a sealed annular space, and the nuclear fuel assembly is arranged in the coolant storage cavity surrounded by the inner ring of the lower annular cavity of the subcritical barrel.

[0011] Preferably, a core grid is arranged on the core grid support base, and the bottoms of the bombardment target tube, a plurality of the nuclear fuel tubes and a plurality of the core reflection tubes are fixedly connected to the core grid.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom ends of each of the bombardment target tubes and each of the nuclear fuel tubes are connected with a bombardment target tube pin, and the bombardment target tubes and the nuclear fuel tubes are fixed on the core grid through the bombardment target tube pin; a coolant inlet is arranged on the tube wall of the bombardment target tube pin, and a coolant outlet is arranged at the top end of each bombardment target tube and each nuclear fuel tube.

[0013] Preferably, the core grid is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the bombardment target tubes and the nuclear fuel tubes are inserted into the through holes of the core grid and fixed thereon, with the bombardment target tube pins exposed, so that the coolant inlet of the bombardment target tube pins extends into the core grid support base; the top ends of the bombardment target tubes and the nuclear fuel tubes are exposed in the coolant storage cavity, so that the coolant outlet at the top end of each bombardment target tube and each nuclear fuel tube is communicated with the coolant storage cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the barrel opening of the subcritical barrel is provided with a core top cover, and the beam pipe passes through the core top cover and is inserted into the interior of the top end of the bombardment target tube in the subcritical barrel.

[0015] Preferably, a liquid outlet is provided at the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump, a main pump liquid return port is provided on the side wall of the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump, the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump passes through the interior of the lower annular cavity of the subcritical stack barrel, the main pump liquid return port of the subcritical stack main pump is exposed in the lower annular cavity of the subcritical stack barrel, a coolant liquid inlet pipe is provided in the lower annular cavity of the subcritical stack barrel, the liquid outlet at the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump is connected to the liquid inlet end of the side wall of the core grid support base through the coolant liquid inlet pipe. The subcritical reactor heat exchanger is connected; the side wall of the subcritical reactor heat exchanger is provided with a heat release side liquid inlet of the heat exchanger, the bottom end of the subcritical reactor heat exchanger is provided with a heat release side liquid outlet of the heat exchanger, the subcritical reactor main pump passes through the coolant storage cavity, and the bottom end of the subcritical reactor main pump passes through the interior of the lower annular cavity of the subcritical reactor barrel, the heat release side liquid inlet of the subcritical reactor heat exchanger is exposed in the coolant storage cavity, and the heat release side liquid outlet of the subcritical reactor heat exchanger is exposed in the lower annular cavity of the subcritical reactor barrel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention discloses a beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator. Bombardment target tubes are arranged at multiple positions of a nuclear fuel assembly core, and multiple bombardment target tubes replace the existing single high-power target. After the particle beam is accelerated by the superconducting linear accelerator and split by the beam splitting device, it is distributed to multiple bombardment target tubes through the beam pipeline. The high-energy particle flow bombards the target window to generate neutrons. The neutrons move to the nuclear fuel tube and react with the nuclear fuel rod to generate a large amount of heat. At the same time, liquid lead or liquid lead-bismuth alloy is used as a core coolant. The coolant exchanges heat with the target window of the bombardment target tube and the heat on the fuel rod of the nuclear fuel tube, and finally the heat is taken out by the coolant. Compared with the existing accelerator transmutation device, the beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator disclosed by the present invention improves the power amplification factor of the accelerator transmutation device, improves the production efficiency and the total power of the device, improves the life of the spallation target, and reduces the power peak factor of the subcritical reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a nuclear fuel assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4A structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the bombardment target tube and the nuclear fuel tube in the nuclear fuel assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A top view of a core cover of a subcritical reactor barrel provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coolant circulation system provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-superconducting linear accelerator; 21-first-stage beam splitter, 22-second-stage beam splitter; 3-beam pipe, 30-target window; 4-subcritical reactor barrel, 41-core top cover, 42-core grid, 43-lower annular cavity of subcritical reactor barrel, 44-core grid support base, 45-coolant storage cavity; 5-nuclear fuel assembly, 50-bombardment target tube, 500-bombardment target tube pin, 501-coolant inlet, 502-coolant outlet; 51-nuclear fuel tube, 510-nuclear fuel rod; 52-core reflection tube; 6-coolant circulation system, 61-subcritical reactor main pump, 610-main pump return liquid port; 62-coolant inlet pipe, 63-subcritical reactor heat exchanger, 631-heat exchanger heat release side liquid inlet, 632-heat exchanger heat release side liquid outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention discloses a beam splitting driving subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator. After being accelerated by a superconducting linear accelerator 1, a particle beam reaches a set energy to form an initial beam. After the initial beam is split by a primary beam splitter 21 and a secondary beam splitter 22, it is split by a beam splitting device to form six sub-beams. Each sub-beam passes through a plurality of beam pipes 3 to bombard a target window 30 of a target tube 50 to generate a large number of neutrons. The neutrons move outward to bombard a nuclear fuel tube 51 around the target tube 50, and react with a nuclear fuel rod 510 in the nuclear fuel tube 51 to generate a large amount of heat. At the same time, liquid lead or liquid lead-bismuth alloy is used as a core coolant. The coolant flows through the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51, and exchanges heat with the target window 30 and the fuel rod 510 respectively. Finally, the heat is taken away from the core by the coolant after being taken to a subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Embodiment 1 provides a beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator, and its structure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2The beam splitting driven subcritical device of the superconducting linear accelerator includes a superconducting linear accelerator 1, a beam splitting device, six beam pipes 3, a subcritical barrel 4, a nuclear fuel assembly 5 and a coolant circulation system 6.

[0030] The beam splitting device includes a primary beam splitter 21 and three secondary beam splitters 22. The primary beam splitter 21 and the secondary beam splitter 22 are equipped with dipole magnets, which can split the proton beam.

[0031] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first-stage beam splitter 21 includes an inlet and three outlets, and the inlet of the first-stage beam splitter 21 is connected to the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator 1; the second-stage beam splitter 22 includes an inlet and two outlets, and each inlet of the second-stage beam splitter 22 is connected to an outlet of the first-stage beam splitter 21; the inlet of each beam pipe 3 is connected to an outlet of the second-stage beam splitter 22.

[0032] refer to Figure 3 The nuclear fuel assembly 5 includes six bombardment target tubes 50 , a plurality of nuclear fuel tubes 51 and a plurality of core reflection tubes 52 , all of which are vertically arranged in the subcritical barrel 4 .

[0033] Specifically, an inner tube is inserted into the upper end of the bombardment target tube 50, and a target window 30 is welded at the bottom of the inner tube. The target window 30 is hemispherical and is used to set the atomic nuclei of lead and bismuth. The outlet ends of the six beam pipes 3 penetrate into the subcritical barrel 4 and are respectively inserted into the inner tubes of the six bombardment target tubes 50.

[0034] A plurality of nuclear fuel tubes 51 are regularly arranged in the nuclear fuel assembly 5, and each nuclear fuel tube 51 includes a nuclear fuel rod 510. Specifically, an annular gap is provided between the outer wall of the nuclear fuel rod 510 and the inside of the nuclear fuel tube 51 for the coolant to pass through, so as to take away the heat generated by the nuclear fuel rods 510 in the nuclear fuel tube 51 after being bombarded by neutrons.

[0035] A plurality of nuclear fuel tubes 51 surround the six bombardment target tubes 50 .

[0036] Preferably, in order to facilitate the diffusion of neutrons generated by the target window 30 to the nuclear fuel rods 510 in the nuclear fuel tube 51, the height of the target window 30 is equivalent to the height of the nuclear fuel rods 510. Figure 4 shown.

[0037] Preferably, adjacent nuclear fuel tubes 51 are closely adjacent to each other to form a tube bundle with a hexagonal cross section, and six bombardment target tubes 50 are evenly distributed in the tube bundle. More specifically, the six bombardment target tubes 50 are connected in sequence at the ends of the points where the cross section of the tube bundle is located to form a hexagon, and the lines connecting the adjacent points where the cross section of the six bombardment target tubes 50 is located are parallel to the edges of the outer edge of the tube bundle.

[0038] A plurality of core reflection tubes 52 are arranged around a plurality of nuclear fuel tubes 51. Figure 3 Specifically, a plurality of core reflection tubes 52 are arranged outside the tube bundle, and the connecting line of the edges of the outer side surfaces of the cross sections of the plurality of core reflection tubes 52 is a hexagon.

[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 A core grid support base 44 is provided at the bottom of the subcritical barrel 4, and the interior of the core grid support base 44 is a cavity; a coolant storage cavity 45 is provided at the middle and upper part of the subcritical barrel 4; a subcritical barrel lower annular cavity 43 is provided in the lower part of the subcritical barrel 4 and above the core grid support base 44 along the inner wall of the subcritical barrel 4, and the subcritical barrel lower annular cavity 43 is circumferentially provided. The subcritical barrel lower annular cavity 43 uses the barrel wall of the subcritical barrel 4 as the outer circle, the outer wall of the coolant storage cavity 45 as the inner circle and the core grid support base 44 to form a sealed annular space, and the nuclear fuel assembly 5 is arranged in the coolant storage cavity 45 surrounded by the inner circle of the subcritical barrel lower annular cavity 43.

[0040] Continue to refer Figure 2 and Figure 4 A core grid plate 42 is arranged on the core grid plate support base 44 , and the bottoms of the bombardment target tube 50 , the plurality of nuclear fuel tubes 51 and the plurality of core reflection tubes 52 are fixedly connected to the core grid plate 42 .

[0041] More specifically, continue to refer to Figure 4 The bottom ends of each bombardment target tube 50 and each nuclear fuel tube 51 are connected with a bombardment target tube pin 500 , and the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 are fixed on the core grid plate 42 through the bombardment target tube pin 500 .

[0042] A coolant inlet 501 is provided on the tube wall of the bombarded target tube pin 500 , and a coolant outlet 502 is provided at the top end of each bombarded target tube 50 and each nuclear fuel tube 51 .

[0043] Specifically, the core grid plate 42 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 are inserted into the through holes of the core grid plate 42 and fixed therein, and the bombardment target tube pin 500 is exposed, so that the coolant inlet 501 of the bombardment target tube pin 500 extends into the core grid plate support base 44;

[0044] The top ends of the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 are exposed in the coolant storage chamber 45 , so that the coolant outlet 502 at the top end of each bombardment target tube 50 and each nuclear fuel tube 51 is communicated with the coolant storage chamber 45 .

[0045] In this embodiment, the coolant flow parts of the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 have the same structure, which ensures the uniformity and coordination of the coolant flow of the subcritical core to the greatest extent, and brings convenience to maintenance and operation.

[0046] Preferably, continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The bottom end of each core reflection tube 52 is connected to a bombardment target tube pin 500, and the core reflection tube 52 is fixed on the core grid plate 42 through the bombardment target tube pin 500. A coolant inlet 501 is arranged on the tube wall of the bombardment target tube pin 500 of the core reflection tube 52, and the coolant inlet 501 of the bombardment target tube pin 500 of the core reflection tube 52 extends into the core grid plate support base 44; a coolant outlet 502 is arranged at the top end of each core reflection tube 52, and the coolant outlet 502 at the top end of the core reflection tube 52 is exposed in the coolant liquid storage chamber 45.

[0047] Furthermore, the barrel opening of the subcritical barrel 4 is provided with a core cover 41, and the beam pipe 3 passes through the core cover 41 and is inserted into the top of the bombardment target tube 50 in the subcritical barrel 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown.

[0048] Continue to refer Figure 2 The coolant circulation system 6 includes several groups of cooling circulation pipelines, each group of cooling circulation pipelines includes a subcritical reactor main pump 61 and a subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63, and the subcritical reactor main pump 61 and the subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63 of the several groups of cooling circulation pipelines are connected and arranged in an annular direction around the nuclear fuel assembly 5.

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 The coolant circulation system 6 includes three groups of cooling circulation pipelines, each group of cooling circulation pipelines includes a subcritical reactor main pump 61 and a subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63, and the three subcritical reactor main pumps 61 and the three subcritical reactor heat exchangers 63 are arranged in a circle around the nuclear fuel assembly 5 with the nuclear fuel assembly 5 as the center.

[0050] The bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump 61 is provided with a liquid outlet, and the side wall of the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump 61 is provided with a main pump liquid return port 610.

[0051] The bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump 61 passes through the interior of the lower annular cavity 43 of the subcritical stack barrel, and the main pump return port 610 of the subcritical stack main pump 61 is exposed in the lower annular cavity 43 of the subcritical stack barrel. A coolant inlet pipe 62 is provided in the lower annular cavity 43 of the subcritical stack barrel, and the liquid outlet at the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump 61 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the side wall of the core grid support base 44 through the coolant inlet pipe 62;

[0052] The side wall of the subcritical heat exchanger 63 is provided with a heat exchanger heat release side liquid inlet 631, and the bottom end of the subcritical heat exchanger 63 is provided with a heat exchanger heat release side liquid outlet 632.

[0053] The subcritical stack main pump 61 passes through the coolant storage chamber 45, and the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump 61 passes through the interior of the lower annular chamber 43 of the subcritical stack barrel, the heat exchanger heat release side inlet 631 of the subcritical stack heat exchanger 63 is exposed in the coolant storage chamber 45, and the heat exchanger heat release side outlet 632 of the subcritical stack heat exchanger 63 is exposed in the lower annular chamber 43 of the subcritical stack barrel.

[0054] Wherein, the superconducting linear accelerator 1 is used to accelerate the proton beam to form an initial beam;

[0055] The beam splitting device is used to form a plurality of sub-beams from the initial beam after splitting;

[0056] The coolant uses liquid lead or liquid lead-bismuth alloy as the core coolant to take away the heat in the nuclear fuel assembly 5;

[0057] The core grid support base 44 is used to store coolant;

[0058] The subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63 is used to exchange heat with the coolant to reduce the temperature of the coolant.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Embodiment 2 provides a cooling method for a high-current superconducting linear accelerator multi-beam driving device, using the beam splitting driving subcritical device of the superconducting linear accelerator provided in Embodiment 1, and the cooling method comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step A1: The coolant stored in the core grid support base 44 enters the bombardment target tube 50 or the nuclear fuel tube 51 from the coolant inlet 501 on the tube wall of the bombardment target tube pin 500, wherein the coolant in the bombardment target tube 50 is heated up by heat exchange when flowing through the target window 30, and then flows out from the coolant outlet 502 at the top of the bombardment target tube 50; the coolant in the nuclear fuel tube 51 is heated up by heat exchange when flowing through the nuclear fuel rod 510, and then flows out from the coolant outlet 502 at the top of the nuclear fuel tube 51;

[0062] Step A2: The coolant flowing out of the coolant outlet 502 at the top of the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 flows into the coolant liquid storage chamber 45 and gathers in the coolant liquid storage chamber 45 until the liquid level of the coolant reaches the heat exchanger heat release side liquid inlet 631 of the subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63;

[0063] Step A3: The coolant flows into the subcritical reactor heat exchanger 63 through the heat release side liquid inlet 631 of the heat exchanger, and the subcritical reactor core coolant exchanges heat in the heat exchanger 63, and the coolant is cooled;

[0064] Step A4: The cooled coolant flows from the heat exchanger heat release side outlet 632 into the lower annular cavity 43 of the subcritical stack barrel and gathers in the lower annular cavity 43 of the subcritical stack barrel until the liquid level of the coolant reaches the main pump return port 610 on the side of the subcritical stack main pump 61 in the lower annular cavity 43 of the subcritical stack barrel;

[0065] Step A5: The cooled coolant enters the subcritical reactor main pump 61 through the main pump return port 610, and the subcritical reactor main pump 61 transports the cooled coolant through the coolant inlet pipe 62 to the core grid support base 44 for storage;

[0066] Step A6: The coolant stored in the core grid support base 44 enters the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 through the coolant inlet 501 of the bombardment target tube pin 500 under the push of the subcritical reactor main pump 61, and steps A1 to A5 are repeated, thereby forming a circulating cooling of the coolant.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Embodiment 3 provides a method for driving a high-current superconducting linear accelerator by splitting multiple beams, using the beam splitting driving subcritical device of the superconducting linear accelerator provided in Embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0069] Step B1: the proton beam is accelerated by the superconducting linear accelerator 1 and flows out from the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator 1 to form an initial beam;

[0070] Step B2: the initial beam flows out from the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator 1 and flows into the primary beam splitter 21, where it is deflected by the dipole magnet and split into three beams;

[0071] Step B3: The three beams enter the secondary beam splitter 22 respectively, and the secondary beam splitter 22 splits each beam into two, forming six sub-beams;

[0072] Step B4: Each sub-beam passes through a plurality of beam pipes 3 and is injected into the inner tube of the bombardment target tube 50 until it bombards the lead and bismuth nuclei in the target window 30, causing spallation reactions to generate high-energy neutrons;

[0073] Step B5: high-energy neutrons are transported into the nuclear fuel assembly 5 to cause fission neutron multiplication, and at the same time, trigger the fission, proliferation and transmutation of nuclear fuel, release a large amount of fission energy, and amplify the beam energy;

[0074] Step B6: According to the method of Example 2, the coolant is pushed toward the bombardment target tube 50 and the nuclear fuel tube 51 by the subcritical reactor main pump 61 to take away the heat in the nuclear fuel assembly 5.

[0075] Specifically, the energy of the initial beam is between 500 MeV and 2 GeV, and the beam intensity is between 0 and 100 mA.

[0076] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A beam splitting driven subcritical device for a superconducting linear accelerator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a superconducting linear accelerator (1), a beam splitting device, a plurality of beam pipes (3), a subcritical reactor barrel (4), a nuclear fuel assembly (5) and a coolant circulation system (6). The outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator (1) is connected to a plurality of beam pipes (3) via the beam splitting device; The nuclear fuel assembly (5) comprises a plurality of bombardment target tubes (50), a plurality of nuclear fuel tubes (51) and a plurality of core reflection tubes (52), all of which are vertically arranged in the subcritical reactor barrel (4); an inner tube is inserted into the upper end of the bombardment target tube (50), a target window (30) is welded to the bottom of the inner tube, and the outlet ends of the plurality of beam pipes (3) penetrate into the subcritical reactor barrel (4) and are respectively inserted into the inner tubes at the top ends of the plurality of bombardment target tubes (50); each nuclear fuel tube (51) comprises a nuclear fuel rod (510), and the plurality of nuclear fuel tubes (51) surround the bombardment target tube (50); and the plurality of core reflection tubes (52) are arranged around the plurality of nuclear fuel tubes (51); The coolant circulation system (6) comprises a plurality of groups of cooling circulation pipelines, each group of cooling circulation pipelines comprises a subcritical reactor main pump (61) and a subcritical reactor heat exchanger (63), the subcritical reactor main pumps (61) and the subcritical reactor heat exchangers (63) of the plurality of groups of cooling circulation pipelines are connected and are arranged in an annular direction around the plurality of core reflection tubes (52); The beam splitting device comprises at least one primary beam splitter (21) and a plurality of secondary beam splitters (22). The first-stage beam splitter (21) comprises an inlet and a plurality of outlets, the inlet of the first-stage beam splitter (21) being connected to the outlet of the superconducting linear accelerator (1); the second-stage beam splitter (22) comprises an inlet and a plurality of outlets, the inlet of each second-stage beam splitter (22) being connected to an outlet of the first-stage beam splitter (21); the inlet of each beam pipe (3) being connected to an outlet of one second-stage beam splitter (22); Adjacent nuclear fuel tubes (51) are closely adjacent to each other to form a tube bundle with a hexagonal cross section, and six bombardment target tubes (50) are evenly distributed in the tube bundle; the six bombardment target tubes (50) are connected in sequence at the ends of the points where the cross section of the tube bundle is located to form a hexagon, and the lines connecting the adjacent points where the cross section of the six bombardment target tubes (50) is located are parallel to the sides of the outer edge of the tube bundle; A plurality of core reflection tubes (52) are arranged outside the tube bundle cluster, and a line connecting the edges of the outer side surfaces of the cross sections of the plurality of core reflection tubes (52) is a hexagon.

2. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the target window (30) is equivalent to the height of the nuclear fuel rod (510).

3. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A core grid support base (44) is arranged at the bottom of the subcritical barrel (4), and the interior of the core grid support base (44) is a cavity; a coolant storage cavity (45) is arranged at the middle and upper part of the subcritical barrel (4); a subcritical barrel lower annular cavity (43) is arranged in the lower part of the subcritical barrel (4) and above the core grid support base (44) along the inner wall of the subcritical barrel (4) in an annular direction; the subcritical barrel lower annular cavity (43) has the barrel wall of the subcritical barrel (4) as an outer circle, the outer wall of the coolant storage cavity (45) as an inner circle and the core grid support base (44) to form a sealed annular space; the nuclear fuel assembly (5) is arranged in the coolant storage cavity (45) surrounded by the inner circle of the subcritical barrel lower annular cavity (43).

4. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A core grid plate (42) is arranged on the core grid plate support base (44), and the bottoms of the bombardment target tube (50), a plurality of nuclear fuel tubes (51) and a plurality of core reflection tubes (52) are fixedly connected to the core grid plate (42).

5. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom ends of each of the bombardment target tubes (50) and each of the nuclear fuel tubes (51) are connected to a bombardment target tube pin (500), and the bombardment target tube (50) and the nuclear fuel tube (51) are fixed on the core grid plate (42) via the bombardment target tube pin (500); A coolant inlet (501) is provided on the tube wall of the bombarded target tube pin (500), and a coolant outlet (502) is provided at the top end of each bombarded target tube (50) and each nuclear fuel tube (51).

6. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The core grid plate (42) is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the bombardment target tube (50) and the nuclear fuel tube (51) are inserted into the through holes of the core grid plate (42) to be fixed and the bombardment target tube pin (500) is exposed, so that the coolant inlet (501) of the bombardment target tube pin (500) extends into the core grid plate support base (44); The top ends of the bombardment target tube (50) and the nuclear fuel tube (51) are exposed in the coolant storage chamber (45), so that the coolant outlet (502) at the top end of each bombardment target tube (50) and each nuclear fuel tube (51) is in communication with the coolant storage chamber (45).

7. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The barrel opening of the subcritical barrel (4) is provided with a core top cover (41), and the beam pipe (3) passes through the core top cover (41) and is inserted into the interior of the top end of the bombardment target tube (50) in the subcritical barrel (4).

8. The beam splitting driven subcritical device of a superconducting linear accelerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump (61) is provided with a liquid outlet, and the side wall of the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump (61) is provided with a main pump liquid return port (610). The bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump (61) passes through the interior of the lower annular cavity (43) of the subcritical stack barrel, the main pump return port (610) of the subcritical stack main pump (61) is exposed in the lower annular cavity (43) of the subcritical stack barrel, a coolant inlet pipe (62) is provided in the lower annular cavity (43) of the subcritical stack barrel, and the liquid outlet at the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump (61) is connected to the liquid inlet end of the side wall of the core grid support base (44) through the coolant inlet pipe (62); The side wall of the subcritical heat exchanger (63) is provided with a heat exchanger heat release side liquid inlet (631), and the bottom end of the subcritical heat exchanger (63) is provided with a heat exchanger heat release side liquid outlet (632). The subcritical stack main pump (61) passes through the coolant storage chamber (45), and the bottom end of the subcritical stack main pump (61) passes through the interior of the lower annular chamber (43) of the subcritical stack barrel, the heat exchanger heat release side liquid inlet (631) of the subcritical stack heat exchanger (63) is exposed in the coolant storage chamber (45), and the heat exchanger heat release side liquid outlet (632) of the subcritical stack heat exchanger (63) is exposed in the lower annular chamber (43) of the subcritical stack barrel.

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