A rock breaking method based on the combination of rock breaking device and projectile penetration

Abstract

The present invention proposes a rock breaking method based on the combination of rock breaking device and projectile penetration, wherein a high-pressure water jet device is used to perform a primary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face, so as to cut the tunnel face to form a cutting boundary; a laser beam device is used to perform a secondary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face, so as to cut again along the cutting boundary, and the cutting boundary encloses the tunnel face; a blasting device is used to perform a tertiary crushing at the second preset position of the tunnel face, so as to blast the tunnel face enclosed by the cutting boundary to form an excavation face; in summary, the technical effect of thoroughly and efficiently crushing hard rock and extremely hard rock is achieved through primary blasting, secondary blasting and tertiary blasting. It can be widely used in the field of rock crushing technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mass crushing, and in particular relates to a rock breaking method based on the combination of a rock breaking device and projectile penetration. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the economy, the number of underground space engineering projects in my country is increasing, especially the demand for a series of long and large tunnels represented by the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, as well as large-scale deep-buried mine tunnels, water diversion tunnels and other construction projects is increasing, which brings with it increasingly complex geological structures and engineering problems. For decades, tunneling technologies represented by drilling and blasting and TBM methods have been active in various types of underground space engineering construction sites. However, in the face of complex and changing geological environments and the need for efficient construction, traditional rock breaking technologies are gradually facing new challenges. In recent years, various new technologies and methods for rapid rock excavation have emerged, including laser radiation, water jets (including pure water jets and abrasive water jets) and rollers. The emergence of such technologies has created new possibilities for improving tunnel excavation efficiency. However, in the excavation of hard rock and extremely hard rock, it is difficult for general conventional technologies to achieve effective rock crushing, and the efficiency of the above new technologies in crushing rock mass still needs to be improved.

[0003] That is, in tunnel excavation, the existing technology cannot effectively crush hard rock and extremely hard rock by using single laser radiation, water jet, etc.

[0004] It can be seen that how to improve the crushing of hard rock and extremely hard rock is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a combined rock breaking mechanism based on tool pre-cutting and projectile penetration to at least solve the above technical problems;

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a rock breaking method based on a combination of a rock breaking device and projectile penetration, wherein the rock breaking device includes a high-pressure water jet device, a laser beam device and a blasting device, wherein the blasting device includes a rifled barrel, and the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device are arranged as an integrated structure through a frame. The method includes: performing a primary crushing at a first preset position of a tunnel face by the high-pressure water jet device to cut the tunnel face to form a cutting boundary; performing a secondary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face by the laser beam device to cut again along the cutting boundary, and the cutting boundary encloses the tunnel face; performing a tertiary crushing at a second preset position of the tunnel face by the blasting device to blast the tunnel face enclosed by the cutting boundary to form an excavation face.

[0007] In the first aspect, before the high-pressure water jet device performs a crushing operation at a first preset position of the tunnel face, the method further comprises: obtaining an area of ​​the tunnel face;

[0008] Determine the position information of the blasting reference point of the face, and determine the coordinates of the cutting boundary with a preset radius with the blasting reference point as the center; determine the second preset position with the blasting reference point; and determine the first preset position through the coordinates of the cutting boundary.

[0009] In the first aspect, the rock breaking device also includes: a plurality of hydraulic legs, and the plurality of hydraulic legs are arranged under the frame. The method also includes: obtaining height coordinate information of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device; comparing the height coordinate information of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device with the height coordinate information of the first preset position and the second preset position, and if they are inconsistent, adjusting the position of the frame by means of the plurality of hydraulic legs so that the heights of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device are consistent with the height coordinate information of the first preset position and the second preset position.

[0010] In the first aspect, the rock breaking device further includes: a monitoring component, a display component and a control component; the method further includes: the control device acquires image information of the face in real time through the monitoring component; and the control component sends the image information to the display device for display.

[0011] In the first aspect, the high-pressure water jet device includes a water pump, a water pipe, a nozzle and a water tank, the water pump is electrically connected to the control component, and the high-pressure water jet device is used to perform a crushing operation at a first preset position of the tunnel face, including: the control device determines whether the first preset position of the tunnel face needs to be crushed according to the image information; if so, the water pump is controlled to be turned on to input the water in the water tank through the water pipe and spray it out through the nozzle, so as to cut the first preset position to form the cutting boundary.

[0012] In a first aspect, the laser jet device includes a fiber laser, an energy transmission fiber and a fiber collimating and focusing head, the fiber laser is electrically connected to the control component, and the secondary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face by the laser beam device includes: the control device determines whether the first preset position of the tunnel face needs to be secondary crushed based on the image information; if so, the fiber laser is controlled to turn on, so that the laser emitted by the fiber laser is emitted by the fiber collimating and focusing head through the energy transmission fiber, so as to cut the cutting boundary of the first preset position again.

[0013] In the first aspect, the blasting device is connected to the control component, there is at least one rifled gun barrel, and the three crushing operations at the second preset position of the face by the blasting device include: obtaining the blasting coverage area of ​​one rifled gun barrel after blasting by the control component; comparing the area of ​​the second preset position of the face with the blasting coverage area by the control component, and calculating the total area data of the blasting coverage area required for blasting the second preset position; configuring the number of rifled gun barrels according to the total area data; and controlling the blasting device to perform the three blasts on the second preset position by the control component.

[0014] In the first aspect, the device further comprises a mounting ring, the high-pressure water jet device and the laser beam device are in plurality and are all arranged on the mounting ring; the shape and size formed by the cutting boundary are determined according to the area of ​​the tunnel face; the mounting ring consistent with the shape and size formed by the cutting boundary is prepared according to the shape and size formed by the cutting boundary; and the plurality of the high-pressure water jet devices and the laser beam devices are arranged on the mounting ring.

[0015] In the first aspect, arranging a plurality of the high-pressure water jet devices and the laser beam devices on the mounting ring includes: arranging the high-pressure water jet devices and the laser beam devices alternately; or arranging the high-pressure water jet devices as a first circle along the mounting ring, and then arranging the laser beam devices as a second circle along the mounting ring.

[0016] In the first aspect, the device also includes: at least one pair of telescopic cylinders, one end of at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is connected to the frame, the other end of at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is connected to the mounting ring, and at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is electrically connected to a control device; the method also includes: obtaining the distance between the mounting ring and the tunnel face through a control device; and controlling at least one pair of telescopic cylinders to perform telescopic action according to the distance to control the distance between the mounting ring and the tunnel face.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a rock breaking method based on the combination of a rock breaking device and projectile penetration, wherein a high-pressure water jet device is used to perform a primary crushing at a first preset position of the tunnel face to cut the tunnel face to form a cutting boundary; a laser beam device is used to perform a secondary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face to cut again along the cutting boundary, and the cutting boundary encloses the tunnel face; a blasting device is used to perform a tertiary crushing at a second preset position of the tunnel face to blast the tunnel face enclosed by the cutting boundary to form an excavation face; in summary, the technical effect of thorough and efficient crushing of hard rock and extremely hard rock is achieved through primary blasting, secondary blasting and tertiary blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a rock breaking method based on the combination of a rock breaking device and projectile penetration in the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical scheme of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] At the same time, in the embodiments of this specification, when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a centered component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centered component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a centered component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the embodiments of this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment provides a rock breaking method based on the combination of a rock breaking device and projectile penetration, the rock breaking device includes a high-pressure water jet device, a laser beam device and a blasting device, the blasting device includes a rifled barrel, the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device are set as an integrated structure through a frame, and the method includes:

[0024] First, a high-pressure water jet device is used to perform a crushing operation at a first preset position of the tunnel face to cut the tunnel face to form a cutting boundary; then a laser beam device is used to perform a secondary crushing operation at the first preset position of the tunnel face to perform another cut along the cutting boundary, and the cutting boundary encloses the tunnel face; finally, a blasting device is used to perform a tertiary crushing operation at a second preset position of the tunnel face to blast the tunnel face enclosed by the cutting boundary to form an excavation face.

[0025] Specifically, the technical effect of thoroughly and efficiently crushing hard rock and extremely hard rock is achieved through primary blasting, secondary blasting and tertiary blasting. After completing one trip of progress work, the above steps are repeated to start the next trip of work until the excavation reaches the specified distance, that is, the cavern excavation is completed.

[0026] It should be noted that: during the above-mentioned excavation process, the anchor rods inside the rock mass and the complete surface support of the excavation face are tightly connected together through a connecting device, the impact resistance of the surface support is used to avoid damage to the rock mass, and the bearing capacity of the anchor rods is used to bear the load of the impact surface system to ensure the systematic nature of the support.

[0027] In some possible implementations, before performing a crushing operation at a first preset position of the tunnel face by a high-pressure water jet device, the method further includes: acquiring an area of ​​the tunnel face; determining position information of a blasting reference point of the tunnel face, and determining the coordinates of a cutting boundary with a preset radius centered at the blasting reference point; determining a second preset position with the blasting reference point; and determining the first preset position by the coordinates of the cutting boundary.

[0028] For the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, it also includes: a plurality of hydraulic legs, and the plurality of hydraulic legs are arranged under the frame. Through the above-mentioned device, this embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method, which includes: obtaining the height coordinate information of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device; comparing the height coordinate information of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device with the height coordinate information of the first preset position and the second preset position. If they are inconsistent, adjusting the position of the frame through the plurality of hydraulic legs to make the height of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device consistent with the height coordinate information of the first preset position and the second preset position.

[0029] For the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, it also includes: a monitoring component, a display component and a control component; through the above-mentioned device, this embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method, which includes: the control device obtains the image information of the face in real time through the monitoring component; the control component sends the image information to the display device for display, so as to display the blasting information of the face, which is convenient for the operation personnel to judge the operation.

[0030] Specifically, the display device may be a display screen inside the device, or a display screen of a remote terminal.

[0031] For the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the high-pressure water jet device includes a water pump, a water pipe, a nozzle and a water tank. The water pump is electrically connected to the control component. Through the above-mentioned device, the embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method for performing a crushing step at the first preset position of the tunnel face through the high-pressure water jet device. The implementation method includes: the control device determines whether the first preset position of the tunnel face needs to be crushed based on the image information; the judgment standard for whether a crushing is needed is whether the tunnel face is cut or whether the cutting conditions are met, etc., which can be flexibly confirmed according to the actual construction site. If so, the water pump is controlled to be turned on to input the water in the water tank through the water pipe and spray it out through the nozzle to cut the first preset position to form a cutting boundary.

[0032] For the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the laser jet device includes a fiber laser, an energy transmission fiber and a fiber collimating and focusing head. The fiber laser is electrically connected to the control component. Through the above-mentioned device, the step of performing secondary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face by the laser beam device in this embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method, which includes: the control device determines whether the first preset position of the tunnel face needs to be secondary crushed based on the image information; the condition for judging whether the tunnel face needs to be cut twice can be to see whether the first preset position has been crushed once, or whether the cutting conditions are met, etc., which can be flexibly confirmed according to the actual construction site. If so, the fiber laser is controlled to be turned on, so that the laser emitted by the fiber laser is emitted by the fiber collimating and focusing head through the energy transmission fiber, so as to cut the cutting boundary of the first preset position again.

[0033] For the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the blasting device is connected to the control component, and there is at least one rifled gun barrel. The embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method for performing three crushing steps at the second preset position of the tunnel face by the blasting device, and the implementation method includes: obtaining the blasting coverage area of ​​a rifled gun barrel after blasting by the control component; comparing the area of ​​the second preset position of the tunnel face with the blasting coverage area by the control component, and calculating the total area data of the blasting coverage area required for blasting the second preset position; configuring the number of rifled gun barrels according to the total area data; controlling the blasting device to perform three blasts on the second preset position by the control component. The embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method, and the implementation method includes: determining the shape and size of the cutting boundary according to the area of ​​the tunnel face; preparing a mounting ring consistent with the shape and size according to the shape and size of the cutting boundary; and arranging a plurality of high-pressure water jet devices and laser beam devices on the mounting ring.

[0034] Further, for the method of arranging a plurality of high-pressure water jet devices and laser beam devices on the mounting ring in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, this embodiment 1 proposes an implementation method, which includes: staggering the high-pressure water jet devices and the laser beam devices; or,

[0035] The high pressure water jet device is arranged along the mounting ring as a first circle, and then the laser beam device is arranged along the mounting ring as a second circle.

[0036] For the device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, it also includes at least one pair of telescopic cylinders, one end of the at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is connected to the frame, the other end of the at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is connected to the mounting ring, and the at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is electrically connected to the control device; based on the above-mentioned device, this embodiment 1 also proposes an implementation method, which includes: obtaining the distance between the mounting ring and the palm face through the control device; controlling the at least one pair of telescopic cylinders to perform telescopic action according to the distance to control the distance between the mounting ring and the palm face.

[0037] Since the second embodiment and the first embodiment are embodiments of the same inventive concept and some of their structures are exactly the same, the structures in the second embodiment that are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment will not be elaborated in detail. For the parts not elaborated in detail, please refer to the first embodiment.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. They should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A rock breaking method based on a combination of a rock breaking device and projectile penetration, the rock breaking device comprising a high-pressure water jet device, a laser beam device and a blasting device, the blasting device comprising a rifled barrel, the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device being arranged as an integrated structure through a frame, the rock breaking device further comprising: Monitoring component, display component and control component; characterized in that the method comprises: Performing a crushing operation at a first preset position of the tunnel face by means of the high-pressure water jet device to cut the tunnel face to form a cutting boundary; Performing secondary crushing at a first preset position of the tunnel face by the laser beam device, so as to perform another cutting along the cutting boundary, wherein the cutting boundary encloses the tunnel face; The blasting device is used to perform three crushing operations at a second preset position of the tunnel face, so as to blast the tunnel face enclosed by the cutting boundary to form an excavation face; The control component obtains image information of the tunnel face in real time through the monitoring component; The control component sends the image information to the display component for display; Before the high-pressure water jet device performs a primary crushing at a first preset position on the tunnel face, the method further comprises: Obtaining the area of ​​the tunnel face; Determine the position information of the blasting reference point of the tunnel face, and determine the coordinates of the cutting boundary with a preset radius with the blasting reference point as the center; determining the second preset position based on the blasting reference point; and, Determining the first preset position by using the coordinates of the cutting boundary; The laser beam device comprises a fiber laser, an energy transmission fiber and a fiber collimating and focusing head, the fiber laser is electrically connected to the control component, and the secondary crushing at the first preset position of the tunnel face by the laser beam device comprises: the control component determines whether the first preset position of the tunnel face needs to be secondary crushed according to the image information; if so, the fiber laser is controlled to be turned on, so that the laser emitted by the fiber laser is emitted by the fiber collimating and focusing head through the energy transmission fiber, so as to cut the cutting boundary of the first preset position again; The blasting device is connected to the control component, the rifled gun barrel is at least one, and the blasting device is used to perform three crushing operations at the second preset position of the tunnel face, including: obtaining the blasting coverage area of ​​the rifled gun barrel after the blasting by the control component; comparing the area of ​​the second preset position of the tunnel face with the blasting coverage area by the control component, and calculating the total area data of the blasting coverage area required for blasting the second preset position; configuring the number of rifled gun barrels according to the total area data; and controlling the blasting device to perform the three crushing operations on the second preset position by the control component; The device also includes a mounting ring, and the high-pressure water jet device and the laser beam device are multiple and are all arranged on the mounting ring; the shape and size formed by the cutting boundary are determined according to the area of ​​the tunnel face; the mounting ring consistent with the shape and size formed by the cutting boundary is prepared according to the shape and size formed by the cutting boundary; and the multiple high-pressure water jet devices and the laser beam devices are arranged on the mounting ring.

2. According to the rock breaking method based on the combination of rock breaking device and projectile penetration according to claim 1, the rock breaking device further comprises: A plurality of hydraulic legs, wherein the plurality of hydraulic legs are arranged below the frame, wherein the method further comprises: Acquiring height coordinate information of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device, and the blasting device; The height coordinate information of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device are compared with the height coordinate information of the first preset position and the second preset position. If they are inconsistent, the position of the frame is adjusted by a plurality of hydraulic legs to make the heights of the high-pressure water jet device, the laser beam device and the blasting device consistent with the height coordinate information of the first preset position and the second preset position.

3. According to the rock breaking method based on the combination of rock breaking device and projectile penetration according to claim 2, the high-pressure water jet device comprises a water pump, a water pipe, a nozzle and a water tank, and the water pump is electrically connected to the control component, characterized in that: The method of performing a crushing operation at a first preset position of the tunnel face by the high-pressure water jet device comprises: The control component determines whether a crushing operation is required at a first preset position of the tunnel face according to the image information; If so, the water pump is controlled to be turned on so that the water in the water tank is input through the water pipe and sprayed out through the spray head to cut the first preset position to form the cutting boundary.

4. The rock breaking method based on the combination of rock breaking device and projectile penetration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of arranging the plurality of high-pressure water jet devices and the laser beam device on the mounting ring comprises: The high-pressure water jet and the laser beam device are arranged alternately; or, The high-pressure water jet device is arranged as a first circle along the mounting ring, and then the laser beam device is arranged as a second circle along the mounting ring.

5. According to the rock breaking method based on the combination of rock breaking device and projectile penetration according to claim 4, the device further comprises: At least one pair of telescopic cylinders, one end of at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is connected to the frame, the other end of at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is connected to the mounting ring, and at least one pair of telescopic cylinders is electrically connected to the control assembly; characterized in that the method further comprises: Acquiring the distance between the mounting ring and the tunnel face through a control component; At least one pair of the telescopic cylinders is controlled to perform telescopic motion according to the distance, so as to control the distance between the mounting ring and the tunnel face.

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