Glass melting experimental furnace and method

Abstract

The present invention is named Glass Melting Experimental Furnace and Method. It belongs to the field of optical glass manufacturing technology. Its main purpose is to solve the problems of existing side-entry experimental furnaces, such as relatively bulky and cumbersome operation process, high operation intensity, and difficulty in aligning the coaxiality of the agitator and the crucible. Its main features are: comprising a side-entry furnace body, a crucible, a sleeve and a furnace door; the crucible and the sleeve are fixed on the furnace door; the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door are connected by a sliding mechanism to achieve the extension and closing of the furnace door; a positioning mechanism is provided between the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door, which is used to keep the agitator and the crucible coaxial when the furnace door is in a closed state. The present invention has the characteristics of simple equipment operation, convenient addition of materials into the crucible and removal of the crucible, and convenient coaxial alignment of the agitator and the crucible, and is mainly used in optical glass melting experimental furnaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical glass manufacturing, and in particular relates to an optical glass melting experimental furnace and an optical glass melting method. Background Art

[0002] There are three common glass melting furnaces, classified by the way the crucible enters the furnace: side-entry, top-entry, and bottom-entry. Each of these three methods has its own advantages and disadvantages.

[0003] A side-entry laboratory furnace is one in which the crucible is loaded and unloaded from the side for glass batch addition. The most common side-entry laboratory furnace on the market features a single chamber and single door. Operation is relatively cumbersome and complex, requiring the use of crucible tongs to remove the crucible along with the sleeve, add the batch, and then return the sleeve and crucible to the furnace chamber. This repetitive operation is labor-intensive, and maintaining coaxial alignment between the stirrer and crucible is challenging, requiring high operator skill.

[0004] A top-entry experimental furnace is a single-chamber, doorless structure. Crucibles are accessed through an upper opening, and the furnace roof is closed by only two refractory bricks. This results in significant heat loss, high temperatures in the upper chamber, and a harsh operating environment. Crucible tongs are required to repeatedly align the crucible with the sleeve from top to bottom, making the operation difficult and requiring high operator skills.

[0005] A bottom-entry laboratory furnace is also a single-chamber, doorless structure. The door is replaced by the furnace bottom, sleeve, and crucible. The furnace body is fixed, while the bottom can be raised and lowered. The bottom is typically driven by a screw, allowing the crucible to move in and out of the furnace. To facilitate charging, the bottom is often rotated for easy positioning. Its advantages include energy efficiency and coaxial positioning of the stirrer and crucible. However, its complex structure makes opening and closing the furnace slow. During high-temperature melting, volatilization and overflow of molten glass can cause adhesion between the bottom and the body. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a side-entry optical glass melting experimental furnace and an optical glass melting method with high melting efficiency and simple operation according to the specific conditions of the three experimental furnaces.

[0007] The technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention is: a glass melting experimental furnace, including a side-entry furnace body, a crucible, a sleeve and a furnace door, the furnace top of the side-entry furnace body is provided with an agitator and a chimney, and is characterized in that: the crucible and the sleeve are fixed on the furnace door; the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door are connected by a sliding mechanism to realize the stretching and closing of the furnace door; a positioning mechanism is provided between the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door, which is used to make the agitator and the crucible coaxial when the furnace door is in a closed state.

[0008] The sliding mechanism described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention is composed of a sliding rod, a sliding rod sleeve and a sliding rod fixing frame; the sliding rod fixing frame is fixed on the furnace door, and the sliding rod is sleeved in the sliding rod sleeve, and one end thereof is fixedly connected to the sliding rod fixing frame to keep the opening and closing of the furnace door smooth.

[0009] The side-entry furnace body described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention includes an upper furnace cavity, a lower guide cavity and a narrow guide groove located between the upper furnace cavity and the lower guide cavity, which are made of refractory materials, forming an I-shaped furnace door opening; the furnace door includes an I-shaped brick made of refractory materials, which cooperates with the upper furnace cavity, the narrow guide groove and the lower guide cavity; a matching furnace door edge and door groove are provided between the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door; the sliding rod fixing frame is installed at the bottom of the furnace door, and the sliding rod is sleeved on the bottom of the side-entry furnace body. The sliding rod is a double rod arranged in parallel, and a linkage locking device is provided at the bottom of the side-entry furnace body between the double rods; the upper surface of the I-shaped brick supports the sleeve and the crucible.

[0010] The upper furnace cavity described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention is a square cavity made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant refractory materials. The inner wall of the square cavity is the furnace wall, and a stirring hole for installing a stirrer is opened in the center of the top; two rows of circular holes are opened on the left and right sides of the rear side of the upper furnace cavity, which are symmetrically distributed, and heating rods are installed in the holes. A thermocouple hole is opened in the middle, and a temperature measuring thermocouple is installed in the hole; the lower guide cavity is a rectangular cavity made of insulating refractory materials, and an exhaust hole is opened on the rear side, which is connected to the environment outside the furnace body; the narrow guide groove is located at the bottom of the upper furnace cavity near the furnace door passage.

[0011] The heating rod described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention is a double-helix silicon carbide heating rod, with non-heating ends at both ends and a heating end in the middle located in the cavity; the heating rod is inserted from the rear side and connected to the power supply; the chimney is close to the side of the I-shaped furnace door; the outer periphery of the side-entry furnace body is wrapped by an iron furnace shell; a first ceramic fiber blanket is adhered to the refractory material wall at the exhaust hole; the top surface of the lower guide cavity is provided with a partition layer, and the bottom surface is a bottom brick.

[0012] The furnace door described in the technical solution for furnace testing of the present invention also includes furnace door bricks, iron support plates, insulation boards and furnace door iron frames; the sliding rod fixing frame, iron support plates and furnace door iron frames are welded with iron materials to form a furnace door refractory material fixing frame; the I-shaped bricks are placed on the insulation boards, the insulation boards are placed on the iron support plates, and are fixed to the iron support plates by bolts; the furnace door bricks are built in the furnace door iron frame and connected with the I-shaped bricks to form a furnace door opening blocking wall.

[0013] The I-shaped bricks described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention are sintered as a whole from a heat-resistant and high-temperature resistant refractory material, and are in the shape of an I-shape; the I-shaped bricks are composed of a base at the bottom, a middle pillar and a pedestal at the top; the base cooperates with the lower guide cavity and is provided with a positioning hole; the middle pillar cooperates with the guide narrow groove; the upper surface ring sleeve and the crucible of the pedestal are provided with an overflow groove, and the overflow groove is provided with a vertical hole and a liquid storage cavity that are interconnected and downward and located in the pedestal and the pillar, and the pillar and the furnace door brick are provided with a horizontal hole that is connected to the liquid storage cavity and the outside of the furnace; the furnace door bricks are reserved with an observation hole when they are laid; the door groove is provided on the furnace door bricks, and a second ceramic fiber blanket is pasted on the door groove to improve the airtightness of the furnace door when it is closed.

[0014] The sleeve described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention is made of a cylindrical refractory material and has a concave hole at the top and bottom. The upper concave hole is deeper and is used to install the crucible, while the lower concave hole is shallower. A boss is provided on the base, which cooperates with the lower concave hole to position and fix the sleeve. A third ceramic fiber blanket is adhered to the upper, lower and surrounding surfaces of the base outside the annular overflow trough and the outer periphery of the pillar.

[0015] The positioning mechanism described in the technical solution of the experimental furnace of the present invention includes an inclined support and an inclined groove; the inclined support is located between the outer upper part of the I-shaped brick in the middle and the bottom surface of the upper part of the I-shaped brick, and cooperates with the guide narrow groove; the inclined groove is located at the top of the inner groove wall of the guide narrow groove, extending into the side-entry furnace body, and cooperates with the inclined support; the stirrer is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is interlocked with the sliding mechanism.

[0016] The technical solution of the melting method of the present invention is: a glass melting method using the above-mentioned experimental furnace, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) Close the furnace door, observe and adjust the interlocking locking height of the stirrer through the furnace door observation hole, continue to lower the height and confirm the height when the stirrer is working normally, and then mark and record it; lift the stirrer above the interlocking locking height, and maintain a certain safe operating space between the bottom of the stirrer and the edge of the crucible;

[0018] (2) Raise the temperature of the side-entry furnace cavity to the charging temperature according to the furnace process requirements, open the furnace door until the crucible is outside the furnace door edge, add the glass batch material into the crucible, push the furnace door to the closed state, after a certain period of time, the glass batch material in the crucible is melted to a glassy state under the high temperature, open the furnace door again to add the material for the second time, and close the furnace door; repeat this process until the glass batch material is added;

[0019] (3) Raise the temperature to the clarification temperature according to the melting process requirements to clarify the bubbles in the glass liquid, lower the stirrer to the position required by the process, adjust the stirrer speed to the process requirements, and complete high-temperature clarification and stirring;

[0020] (4) Gradually reduce the temperature inside the side-entry furnace and reduce the stirring speed; when the glass liquid is completely melted, stop stirring and slowly raise the stirrer to above the linkage locking height;

[0021] (5) Open the furnace door until the sleeve is completely outside the edge of the furnace door, use crucible tongs to clamp out the crucible, and pour the glass liquid into the mold.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is based on a traditional glass melting experimental furnace composed of a side-entry furnace body, a crucible, a sleeve and a furnace door, wherein the furnace top of the side-entry furnace body is provided with an agitator and a chimney, the crucible and the sleeve are fixed to the furnace door, a sliding mechanism is provided between the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door to realize the stretching and closing of the furnace door, a positioning mechanism is provided between the side-entry furnace body and the furnace door, which is used to make the agitator and the crucible coaxial when the furnace door is in a closed state, so that during the glass melting process, the furnace door can be smoothly opened by the sliding mechanism to expose the crucible, which is convenient for adding glass batch materials into the crucible, the furnace door can be smoothly pushed to the closed state by the sliding mechanism, the agitator and the crucible can be made coaxial by the positioning mechanism, and the melting, clarification and stirring of the glass batch materials are completed according to the process requirements. After the glass liquid is completely melted, the furnace door can be smoothly opened by the sliding mechanism, the crucible can be clamped out with crucible pliers, and the glass liquid can be poured into the mold.

[0023] The present invention overcomes the relatively cumbersome and tedious operation of existing side-entry experimental furnaces. Crucible tongs are required to first remove the crucible and sleeve together, then add batch materials, and then clamp the sleeve and crucible back into the furnace chamber. This repetitive operation is labor-intensive and difficult to align the agitator and crucible, requiring high operator skills. Closing the furnace door quickly aligns the crucible and agitator, facilitating the melting of molten glass. Opening the furnace door facilitates the addition of raw glass materials into the crucible and observation of the melting of the molten glass.

[0024] The invention has the characteristics of simple equipment operation, convenient feeding into and taking out of the crucible, and convenient coaxial alignment of the stirrer and the crucible, and is mainly used for optical glass melting experimental furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 4It is a three-dimensional diagram of the furnace door of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the glass melting experiment furnace door of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the I-shaped brick of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the I-shaped brick of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the glass melting experimental furnace sleeve of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the glass melting experimental furnace of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1-I-shaped brick; 1-1-base; 1-2-positioning hole; 1-3-pillar; 1-4-support platform; 1-5-vertical hole; 1-6-oblique support; 1-7-boss; 1-8-overflow trough; 1-9-horizontal hole; 1-10-liquid chamber; 2-slide rod fixing frame; 3-sleeve; 3-1-upper concave hole; 3-2-lower concave hole; 4-crucible; 5-furnace door brick; 6-observation hole; 7-door groove; 8-furnace door iron frame; 9-slide rod; 10-iron support plate ;11-insulation board;12-slide rod sleeve;13-narrow guide groove;14-lower guide cavity;15-partitioning layer;16-bottom brick;17-exhaust hole;18-furnace wall;19-furnace shell;20-thermocouple;21-upper furnace cavity;22-heating rod;23-stirring hole;24-stirrer;25-furnace top;26-chimney;27-furnace door edge;28-first ceramic fiber blanket;29-interlocking locking device;L-side entry furnace body;M-furnace door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figure 1 The glass melting experimental furnace structure of the present invention includes: an I-shaped brick 1, a slide rod fixing frame 2, a sleeve 3, a crucible 4, a furnace door brick 5, an observation hole 6, a door groove 7, a furnace door iron frame 8, a slide rod 9, an iron support plate 10, a heat insulation board 11, a slide rod sleeve 12, a guide narrow groove 13, a lower guide cavity 14, a partition layer 15, a bottom brick 16, an exhaust hole 17, a furnace wall 18, a furnace shell 19, a thermocouple 20, an upper furnace cavity 21, a heating rod 22, a stirring hole 23, a stirrer 24, a furnace roof 25, a chimney 26, a furnace door edge 27, and a first ceramic fiber blanket 28.

[0037] The side-entry furnace body L of the present invention comprises a slide rod sleeve 12, a narrow guide slot 13, a lower guide cavity 14, a partition layer 15, a bottom brick 16, an exhaust hole 17, a furnace wall 18, a furnace shell 19, a thermocouple 20, an upper furnace cavity 21, a heating rod 22, a stirring hole 23, a stirrer 24, a furnace roof 25, a chimney 26, a furnace door edge 27, a ceramic fiber blanket 28, and a linkage locking device 29. The bottom brick 16 is built into the bottom of the furnace shell 19, and the surrounding refractory material is built upward to form the lower guide cavity 14. The front of the lower guide cavity 14 extends outward to form the lower furnace door opening, and the furnace door opening wall bricks protrude outside the furnace shell 19 to form the furnace door edge 27. An exhaust hole 17 is provided at the rear of the lower guide cavity 14, communicating with the environment outside the side-entry furnace body L. This is to reduce the bellows effect when the furnace door is opened and closed. A refractory insulation layer 15 is built on the top of the lower guide cavity 14. This insulation layer 15 features a narrow guide slot 13 running longitudinally from front to back. The width, depth, and shape of the narrow guide slot 13 match and wed the I-brick 1 of the furnace door. To reduce heat loss and air convection within the upper furnace cavity 21 when the furnace door M is opened, a first ceramic fiber blanket 28 is affixed to the inner wall of the lower guide cavity 14, enhancing the thermal insulation of the furnace cavity. Above the insulation layer 15 lies the upper furnace cavity 21, surrounded by a furnace wall 18. An upper furnace door opening is defined at the front of the upper furnace cavity 21 and extends to the exterior of the furnace shell 19, forming the upper furnace door edge. This upper furnace door edge is flush with the lower furnace door edge and the outer side of the narrow slot furnace door edge, forming the furnace door edge 27 of the entire furnace body. A thermocouple hole is provided in the center of the rear wall of the upper furnace chamber 21. The temperature-controlling thermocouple 20 is inserted into the thermocouple hole from the outside inwards and penetrates into the 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 position of the upper furnace chamber 21 to control the spatial temperature of the upper furnace chamber 21. A number of through holes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rear wall of the upper furnace chamber 21. A number of blind holes are also provided on the opposite front wall. These holes penetrate into the inner wall to a certain depth, allowing the heating rod 22 to be inserted from the rear into the upper furnace chamber 21 and effectively fix the two cold ends of the heating rod 22 on both sides of the space of the upper furnace chamber 21. The top of the upper furnace chamber 21 is covered with a refractory material with a stirring hole 23. The stirring hole 23 is located in the center above the upper furnace chamber 21. The stirring hole 23 is used for the insertion and installation of the stirrer 24. The stirrer 24 can be freely raised and lowered and accurately positioned and fixed. The axis of the stirrer 24 is coaxial with the center of the upper chamber and can be rotated according to process requirements. A chimney is located above the furnace door passage in the upper furnace chamber 21 to exhaust fumes during glass melting. A slide rod sleeve 12 is fixed to the bottom of the furnace shell 19 and cooperates with the slide rod 9 to maintain stable horizontal movement of the furnace door M during opening and closing. A linkage locking device 29 is installed below the furnace shell 19. When the height of the stirrer 24 drops below a specified level, the linkage locking device 29 is activated, preventing the slide rod 9 from moving.

[0038] The furnace door M of the present invention includes an I-shaped brick 1, a slide rod fixing frame 2, a sleeve 3, a crucible 4, a furnace door brick 5, an observation hole 6, a door groove 7, a furnace door iron frame 8, a slide rod 9, an iron support plate 10, and a heat insulation board 11. The slide rod fixing frame 2 is welded to the bottom of the furnace door iron frame 8, and the slide rod 9 is then installed and fixed on the slide rod fixing frame 2. The other end of the slide rod 9 is installed in the slide rod sleeve 12 to achieve the stretching and closing of the furnace door M. The iron support plate 10 is welded to the inner bottom edge of the furnace door iron frame 8 to support the weight of refractory materials such as the I-shaped brick 1. The heat insulation board 11 is laid on the iron support plate 10, and the I-shaped brick 1 is then placed on the heat insulation board 11 and firmly fixed with screws through the positioning holes 1-2. Furnace door bricks 5 are built within the furnace door iron frame 8, which features an observation hole 6. The outer observation hole on the furnace door bricks 5 is the same size as the iron frame 8, while the inner observation hole is smaller. A small hole is formed in the lower portion of the furnace door bricks 5, connecting to the transverse holes 1-9 of the I-shaped bricks 1. During construction, a concave groove 7 is retained on the inner wall of the furnace door bricks 5. This groove 7 is wedged into the door rim 27 of the side-entry furnace body L. During operation, a second ceramic fiber blanket is affixed to the groove 7 to enhance the airtightness of the side-entry furnace body L and the furnace door M when closed. Before the furnace is heated, the crucible 4 is placed within the sleeve 3, which is then placed on the boss 1-7 of the I-shaped brick 1. To reduce thermal shock damage to the I-shaped brick 1 and enhance thermal insulation in the upper furnace chamber 21, a third ceramic fiber blanket is affixed to the upper and lower surfaces and surrounding surfaces of the support 1-4 outside the overflow trough 1-8, as well as around the perimeter of the support 1-3. When the furnace door M is fully closed, the stirrer 24 is completely coaxial with the boss 1-7 on the support platform 1-4. A locking device 29 is provided to link the raising and lowering of the stirrer 24 with the opening and closing of the furnace door M. When the stirrer 24 is below the set position, the furnace door M cannot be opened. When the furnace door M is fully opened, the sleeve 3 and crucible 4 are both outside the furnace door edge 27.

[0039] The I-shaped brick 1 of the present invention is custom-made and sintered. It is a consumable component and can be replaced at any time. Its structure generally includes a base 1-1, positioning holes 1-2, pillars 1-3, pedestals 1-4, vertical holes 1-5, diagonal supports 1-6, bosses 1-7, overflow grooves 1-8, transverse holes 1-9, and a liquid chamber 1-10. The base 1-1 of the I-shaped brick 1 serves as a fixing mechanism. Four positioning holes 1-2 are symmetrically distributed on either side of the base, facilitating accurate positioning and securing of the I-shaped brick 1. The pedestals 1-4 are located above the base 1-1 and connected by pillars 1-3 and diagonal supports 1-6 to form a stable I-shaped frame. A cylindrical boss 1-7 is located on the upper surface of the pedestal 1-4 near the diagonal supports 1-6. Surrounding the boss 1-7, the pedestal 1-4 has an annular overflow groove 1-8 formed on its surface. The overflow groove 1-8 communicates with the vertical holes 1-5 extending deep into the pillars 1-3. Liquid chamber 1-10 is completely within support 1-3, located at the end below vertical hole 1-3, and has a larger diameter than vertical hole 1-5. Horizontal hole 1-9 extends horizontally outward from support 1-3 to the outside of the furnace door. Horizontal hole 1-9 is located at the top of liquid tank 1-10, near the end of vertical hole 1-5. During operation, a temperature-sensing thermocouple is inserted. The insertion depth of the thermocouple head does not exceed the cylindrical surface of vertical hole 1-5, but slightly penetrates the cylindrical wall of liquid tank 1-10. When overflowing molten glass flows from annular overflow trough 1-8 to vertical hole 1-5, it continues downward into liquid tank 1-10. As the molten glass accumulates, the liquid level in liquid tank 1-10 solidifies and gradually rises. When the temperature reaches the temperature-sensing thermocouple at horizontal hole 1-9, the temperature measured by the thermocouple rises sharply, indicating that liquid tank 1-10 is full and the I-brick 1 needs to be replaced. Ceramic fiber blankets are adhered to the upper and lower surfaces and surrounding surfaces of the support 1-4 outside the annular overflow trough 1-8, and ceramic fiber blankets are also adhered to the outer periphery of the support 1-3 to reduce the impact of thermal shock caused by rapid changes in ambient temperature when the furnace door M is opened and closed on the refractory material, thereby extending the service life of the I-shaped brick 1.

[0040] The sleeve 3 of the present invention is made of cylindrical refractory material and has a concave hole at the top and bottom. The upper concave hole 3-1 is deeper and is used to install the crucible. The lower concave hole 3-2 is shallower and is used in conjunction with the boss 1-7 to position and fix the sleeve 3.

[0041] The heating rod 22 of the present invention is a double-helix silicon carbon rod, the cylindrical surface of which is a double-helix winding structure, the positive and negative terminals are on the same side, the other end is sintered together, both ends are cold ends, and the heating surface is in the middle.

[0042] A triangular, inclined support 1-6 is provided between the upper outer portion of the support column 1-3 and the bottom surface of the support platform 1-4. A triangular, beveled groove is provided at the top of the inner wall of the narrow guide slot 13, extending into the side-entry furnace body L. The inclined support 1-6 cooperates with the beveled groove to form a positioning mechanism. When the furnace door M closes until the inclined support 1-6 contacts the beveled groove, the stirrer 24 is now coaxial with the crucible 4.

[0043] The interlocking locking device 29 of the present invention is composed of a limit switch and a locking mechanism. The limit switch is installed on the mixer to which the agitator 24 is fixed. When the position of the agitator 24 is lower than the set position, the limit switch is closed and the power is turned on. The locking mechanism is energized to produce a locking action, locking the slide bar 9, thereby restricting the movement of the furnace door M. Conversely, when the position of the agitator 24 is higher than the set position, the limit switch is always in the disconnected state, the locking mechanism circuit is in the power-off state, the locking mechanism does not work, the slide bar can move freely, and the furnace door M can open and close freely.

[0044] A glass melting method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) Close the furnace door M, observe and adjust the interlocking locking height of the stirrer 24 through the observation hole 6 of the furnace door M, continue to lower the height and confirm the height of the stirrer 24 when it is working normally, and then mark and record it; lift the stirrer 24 above the interlocking locking height, and maintain a certain safe operating space between the bottom of the stirrer 24 and the edge of the crucible 4;

[0046] (2) Raise the temperature of the side-entry furnace L to the charging temperature according to the furnace process requirements, open the furnace door M until the crucible 4 is outside the furnace door edge, add the glass batch material into the crucible 4, push the furnace door M to the closed state, after a certain period of time, the glass batch material in the crucible 4 melts to a glassy state under the high temperature, open the furnace door M again to add the material for the second time, and close the furnace door M; repeat this process until the glass batch material is added;

[0047] (3) Raise the temperature to the clarification temperature according to the melting process requirements to clarify the bubbles in the glass liquid, lower the stirrer to the position required by the process, adjust the stirrer speed to the process requirements, and complete the high-temperature clarification and stirring;

[0048] (4) Gradually lower the temperature inside the side-entry furnace L and reduce the stirring speed; when the glass liquid is completely melted, stop stirring and slowly raise the stirrer 24 to above the linked locking height;

[0049] (5) Open the furnace door M until the sleeve 3 is completely outside the edge of the furnace door, use crucible tongs to clamp out the crucible 4, and pour the glass liquid into the mold.

[0050] The present invention changes the traditional furnace body into an upper and lower two-cavity furnace body, so that the upper cavity space can be used for high-temperature melting of materials, and the lower cavity space can be used for support and bearing, which can reduce the heat loss and temperature drop of the upper cavity space when the furnace door is opened. The present invention changes the furnace door into two parts, one part goes deep into the furnace body to support the sleeve and crucible for glass melting, and the other part covers and insulates, and realizes rapid furnace door opening and closing through a sliding rod mechanism, and precise positioning of the crucible and agitator. When the furnace door is opened for feeding, the present invention does not need to move or remove the crucible, and the glass batch material can be directly added to the crucible, reducing the number of invalid operations of clamping the crucible or sleeve, and can greatly shorten the feeding time. The overflow trough, vertical hole and horizontal hole designed for the I-brick of the present invention can effectively collect the overflowed glass liquid into the liquid holding cavity, preventing the overflow of the glass liquid from causing the inner wall of the furnace cavity and the I-brick of the furnace door to stick together, and the thermocouple of the horizontal hole senses the amount of glass liquid collected, thereby determining the time to replace the I-brick, extending the service life of the I-brick and saving costs. The present invention facilitates the replacement of crucibles or sleeves, eliminating the need for coaxial alignment between the crucible and the stirrer, reducing operator skill requirements and the likelihood of stirrer damage due to poor alignment. The present invention is simple to operate. By adding a screw and motor control system to the bottom of the furnace door, automatic door opening and closing control can be easily achieved. Combined with the addition of an automatic charging device on the side of the furnace door, full program control is achieved for charging, raising and lowering the temperature, raising and lowering the stirrer, and rotating the stirrer, easily achieving fully automated and intelligent glass melting experiments.

Claims

1. A glass melting experimental furnace, comprising a side-entry furnace body (L), a crucible (4), a sleeve (3) and a furnace door (M), wherein a stirrer (24) and a chimney (26) are provided on the top (25) of the side-entry furnace body (L), and characterized in that: The crucible (4) and the sleeve (3) are mounted and fixed on the furnace door (M); the side-entry furnace body (L) and the furnace door (M) are connected by a sliding mechanism to realize the extension and closing of the furnace door (M); a positioning mechanism is provided between the side-entry furnace body (L) and the furnace door (M) for coaxially arranging the stirrer (24) and the crucible (4) when the furnace door (M) is in a closed state; the side-entry furnace body (L) comprises an upper furnace cavity (21) made of refractory material, a lower guide cavity (14) and a guide cavity (24) located between the upper furnace cavity (21) and the furnace door (M). The guide narrow groove (13) between the lower guide cavity forms an I-shaped furnace door hole; the furnace door (M) includes an I-shaped brick (1) made of refractory material and matched with the upper furnace cavity (21), the guide narrow groove (13) and the lower guide cavity (14); a matching furnace door edge (27) and a door groove (7) are provided between the side-entry furnace body (L) and the furnace door (M); the slide rod fixing frame (2) is installed at the bottom of the furnace door (M), the slide rod sleeve (12) is installed at the bottom of the side-entry furnace body (L), and the slide rod (9) is arranged in parallel The bottom of the side-entry furnace body (L) between the double rods is provided with a linkage locking device (29); the upper surface of the I-shaped brick (1) supports the sleeve (3) and the crucible (4): the I-shaped brick (1) is integrally sintered from a heat-resistant and high-temperature resistant refractory material and has an I-shaped shape; the I-shaped brick (1) is composed of a base (1-1) at the bottom, a support (1-3) in the middle and a support platform (1-4) at the top; the base (1-1) cooperates with the lower guide cavity (14) and is provided with a positioning hole (1-2); the middle The support (1-3) cooperates with the guide narrow groove (13); the upper surface of the support platform (1-4) is provided with an overflow groove (1-8) around the sleeve (3) and the crucible (4); the overflow groove (1-8) is provided with a vertical hole (1-5) and a liquid storage cavity (1-10) that are connected and downward and located in the support platform (1-4) and the support pillar (1-3); the support pillar (1-3) and the furnace door brick (5) are provided with a horizontal hole (1-9) that is connected to the liquid storage cavity (1-10) and the outside of the furnace; and the furnace door brick (5) is reserved with an observation hole (6) when the brick is laid.

2. A glass melting experimental furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism is composed of a slide rod (9), a slide rod sleeve (12) and a slide rod fixing frame (2); the slide rod fixing frame (2) is fixed on the furnace door (M), and the slide rod (9) is sleeved in the slide rod sleeve (12), and one end of the slide rod is fixedly connected to the slide rod fixing frame (2) to keep the furnace door opening and closing stable.

3. A glass melting experimental furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper furnace cavity (21) is a square cavity made of high-temperature-resistant and erosion-resistant refractory materials, the inner wall of the square cavity is the furnace wall (18), and a stirring hole (23) for installing a stirrer (24) is opened in the center of the top; two rows of circular holes are opened on the left and right sides of the rear side of the upper furnace cavity (21), which are symmetrically distributed, and heating rods (22) are installed in the holes, and a thermocouple hole is opened in the middle, and a temperature measuring thermocouple (20) is installed in the hole; the lower guide cavity (14) is a rectangular cavity made of insulating refractory materials, and an exhaust hole (17) is opened on the rear side to communicate with the environment outside the furnace body; the guide narrow groove (13) is located at the bottom of the upper furnace cavity (21) near the furnace door passage.

4. A glass melting experimental furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating rod (22) is a double-helix silicon carbide heating rod, with non-heating ends at both ends and a heating end in the middle located in the cavity; the heating rod (22) is inserted from the rear side and connected to a power supply; the chimney (26) is close to one side of the I-shaped furnace door; the outer periphery of the side-entry furnace body (L) is wrapped by an iron furnace shell (19); a first ceramic fiber blanket (28) is adhered to the refractory material wall at the exhaust hole (17); the top surface of the lower guide cavity (14) is provided with a partition layer (15), and the bottom surface is a bottom brick (16).

5. A glass melting experimental furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The furnace door (M) further comprises furnace door bricks (5), an iron support plate (10), an insulation board (11) and a furnace door iron frame (8); the slide rod fixing frame (2), the iron support plate (10) and the furnace door iron frame (8) are welded from iron materials to form a furnace door refractory material fixing frame; the I-shaped bricks (1) are placed on the insulation board (11), and the insulation board (11) is placed on the iron support plate (10) and fixed to the iron support plate (10) by bolts; the furnace door bricks (5) are built in the furnace door iron frame (8) and connected with the I-shaped bricks (1) to form a furnace door hole blocking wall.

6. A glass melting experimental furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The door groove (7) is arranged on the furnace door brick (5), and a second ceramic fiber blanket is pasted on the door groove (7) to improve the airtightness of the furnace door when it is closed.

7. A glass melting experimental furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sleeve (3) is made of a cylindrical refractory material and has a concave hole at the top and bottom, the upper concave hole is deeper and is used to install the crucible (4), and the lower concave hole is shallower; a boss (1-7) is provided on the support (1-4) and cooperates with the lower concave hole to position and fix the sleeve (3); the upper, lower and surrounding surfaces of the support (1-4) outside the annular overflow groove and the outer periphery of the pillar (1-3) are all adhered with a third ceramic fiber blanket.

8. A glass melting experimental furnace according to any one of claims 1-4, 6-7, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes an inclined support (1-6) and an inclined groove; the inclined support (1-6) is located between the outer portion of the upper portion of the I-shaped brick (1) in the middle and the bottom surface of the upper portion of the I-shaped brick (1), and cooperates with the guide narrow groove (13); the inclined groove is located at the top of the inner groove wall of the guide narrow groove (13) and extends into the side-entry furnace body (L), and cooperates with the inclined support (1-6); the stirrer (24) is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is interlocked with the sliding mechanism.

9. A glass melting method using a glass melting experimental furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Close the furnace door (M), observe and adjust the linkage locking height of the stirrer (24) through the observation hole (6) of the furnace door (M), continue to lower the height and confirm the height of the stirrer (24) when it is working normally, and then mark and record it; lift the stirrer (24) above the linkage locking height, and keep a certain safe operating space between the bottom of the stirrer (24) and the edge of the crucible (4); (2) Raise the furnace chamber temperature of the side-entry furnace body (L) to the charging temperature according to the furnace process requirements, open the furnace door (M) until the crucible (4) is outside the furnace door edge, add the glass batch material into the crucible (4), push the furnace door (M) to the closed state, after a certain period of time, the glass batch material in the crucible (4) melts to a glassy state under the high temperature, open the furnace door (M) again to add the material for the second time, and close the furnace door (M); repeat this process until the glass batch material is added; (3) Raising the temperature to the clarification temperature according to the melting process requirements to clarify the bubbles in the glass liquid, lowering the stirrer to the position required by the process, adjusting the stirrer (24) speed to the process requirements, and completing high-temperature clarification and stirring; (4) gradually lowering the temperature in the side-entry furnace (L) and reducing the stirring speed; after the glass liquid is completely melted, stopping stirring and slowly raising the stirrer (24) to above the linkage locking height; (5) Pull open the furnace door (M) until the sleeve (3) is completely outside the edge of the furnace door, use crucible tongs to clamp out the crucible (4), and pour the glass liquid into the mold.

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