Video information hiding method, system, device and medium based on inter-block pairing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a video information hiding method, system, device, and medium based on inter-block pairing. The method comprises: obtaining encoded H.264 video data and obtaining coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the H.264 video data; sorting all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute values ​​of their DC coefficients; pairing the AC coefficients from the second to the last digit in adjacent luminance blocks to obtain coefficient pairs; shifting the luminance blocks accordingly based on the coefficient pairs, the data to be embedded, and a two-dimensional histogram transfer map; and placing the embedded 4×4 luminance blocks into the encoded H.264 video data in their original order. The present invention uses inter-block pairing to modify the luminance blocks in the video data according to the embedded data, thereby embedding hidden data and effectively reducing the impact on video quality and the increase in video file size. The present invention can be widely applied in the field of multimedia information security technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of multimedia information security technology, and in particular to a video information hiding method, system, device and medium based on inter-block pairing. Background Art

[0002] Data hiding, also known as steganography in ancient times, involves converting information into binary data, encrypting it, and then embedding it into a digital medium (such as a video) through an agreed-upon embedding scheme. This minimizes the impact on the original digital medium, ensuring that the embedded data cannot be detected by others, thus achieving information hiding. Reversible data hiding in the ciphertext domain of a video involves embedding information into the video. Reversibility means that after the receiver extracts the embedded data, they can obtain a video file that is exactly the same as before embedding.

[0003] Current embedding schemes primarily include: 1) modifying the intra-frame inter-block prediction direction, embedding either 0 or 1 based on the parity of the direction number; 2) modifying the macroblock partitioning method to achieve data embedding; 3) differentially expanding the macroblock luminance values; 4) performing a one-dimensional histogram shift on the macroblock luminance values; and 5) performing a two-dimensional histogram shift on the macroblock luminance values. Furthermore, there are also methods for reducing intra-frame and inter-frame error propagation by prejudging the prediction method. Generally speaking, I-frames, which serve as a set of video reference frames, are not typically embedded because intra-frame and inter-frame error propagation have the greatest impact on video quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a video information hiding method, system, device and medium based on inter-block pairing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0006] A video information hiding method based on block pairing includes the following steps:

[0007] Get the encoded h.264 video data and the coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data;

[0008] Sort all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block;

[0009] Pairing the AC coefficients from the second to the last bit in adjacent luminance blocks in pairs to obtain coefficient pairs;

[0010] The luminance block is transferred accordingly according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map;

[0011] The embedded 4×4 luminance blocks are placed into the encoded H.264 video data in their original order to achieve information hiding.

[0012] Furthermore, the obtaining of coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data includes:

[0013] Perform a zigzag scan on the coefficients of the obtained 4×4 luminance block to obtain the following vector:

[0014] (DC,AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5,AC6,AC7,AC8,AC9,AC 10 ,AC 11 ,AC 12 ,AC 13 ,AC 14 ,AC 15 )

[0015] The DC and AC coefficients represent the direct current coefficient and alternating current coefficient of the luminance block, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the step of sorting all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute values ​​of the DC coefficients of the 4×4 luminance blocks includes:

[0017] The DC absolute value is used as a parameter to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from smallest to largest. Smaller DC values ​​indicate smoother blocks, and modifications have less impact on video quality. Blocks with the same DC absolute value are more likely to have identical coefficients. Since modifying all-zero blocks significantly increases video file size and degrades video quality, they are not modified.

[0018] Furthermore, the performing corresponding transfer on the luminance block according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded, and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map includes:

[0019] Determine the transfer direction of the coefficient pair according to the content of the data to be embedded;

[0020] The luminance blocks are transferred accordingly according to the transfer direction.

[0021] Furthermore, the following formula is used to calculate the embedding efficiency of each pair of data:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, P i represents the probability of the transition direction, b i Indicates the number of embedded bits in the transfer direction, m i Indicates the number of bits of the 0 coefficient pair that have changed in this transfer direction.

[0024] Another technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0025] A video information hiding system based on block pairing, comprising:

[0026] The system extraction module is used to obtain the encoded h.264 video data and obtain the coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data;

[0027] A coefficient sorting module is used to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block;

[0028] A coefficient pairing module is used to pair the AC coefficients from the second to the last digit in adjacent luminance blocks to obtain coefficient pairs;

[0029] A data hiding module is used to transfer the brightness block accordingly according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map;

[0030] The luminance block placement module is used to place the embedded 4×4 luminance blocks into the encoded H.264 video data in the original order to achieve information hiding.

[0031] Furthermore, the obtaining of coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data includes:

[0032] Perform a zigzag scan on the coefficients of the obtained 4×4 luminance block to obtain the following vector:

[0033] (DC,AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5,AC6,AC7,AC8,AC9,AC 10 ,AC 11 ,AC 12 ,AC 13 ,AC 14 ,AC 15 )

[0034] The DC and AC coefficients represent the direct current coefficient and alternating current coefficient of the luminance block, respectively.

[0035] Furthermore, the step of sorting all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute values ​​of the DC coefficients of the 4×4 luminance blocks includes:

[0036] The absolute value of the DC coefficient is selected as a parameter to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large. The smaller the absolute value of the DC coefficient, the smoother the block, and the smaller the impact on video quality after modification. In addition, blocks with the same absolute value of the DC coefficient have a higher probability of having the same coefficient between blocks.

[0037] Another technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0038] A video information hiding device based on block pairing, comprising:

[0039] at least one processor;

[0040] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0041] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the above method.

[0042] Another technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0043] A computer-readable storage medium stores a program executable by a processor, wherein the program executable by the processor is used to perform the method described above when executed by the processor.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes a new video information hiding scheme, which modifies the luminance blocks in the video data according to the embedded data through the block pairing method, thereby realizing the embedding of hidden data, which can effectively reduce the impact on video quality and the increase in video file size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following introduction is made to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention or the related technical solutions in the prior art. It should be understood that the drawings introduced below are only for the convenience of clearly describing some embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of a video information hiding method based on inter-block pairing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional histogram transfer diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a vector obtained based on luminance block coefficients in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The step numbers in the following embodiments are provided for ease of explanation only and do not limit the order of the steps. The order of execution of the steps in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0053] The present invention aims to propose a new video information hiding scheme that reduces the impact on video quality and the increase in video file size. First, the embedding object is determined. Since modifying the 0 coefficient has a significant impact on video quality and will change multiple runs, the non-zero coefficient is selected for modification and embedding. Coefficients with an absolute value of 1 are the most common coefficients other than the 0 coefficient, so the pairs (1,1), (1,-1), (-1,1), (-1,-1) are selected as the embedding base points. Secondly, because the probability of AC coefficients at the same position between macroblocks having the same value is higher than the probability of adjacent coefficient pairs in the same macroblock having the same value, an inter-block grouping scheme is selected. Finally, according to user needs, if as much data as possible needs to be embedded, all data can be embedded. If the same amount of data needs to be embedded, smooth blocks can be preferentially embedded to reduce the degradation of video file quality.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a video information hiding method based on inter-block pairing, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1. Obtain encoded H.264 video data and obtain coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the H.264 video data.

[0056] See also Figure 3 , perform a zigzag scan on the coefficients of the obtained 4×4 luminance block to obtain the following vector:

[0057] (DC,AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5,AC6,AC7,AC8,AC9,AC 10 ,AC 11 ,AC 12 ,AC 13 ,AC 14 ,AC 15 )

[0058] The DC and AC coefficients represent the direct current coefficient and alternating current coefficient of the luminance block, respectively.

[0059] S2. Sort all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute values ​​of their DC coefficients.

[0060] In this embodiment, the reason for selecting the absolute value of the DC coefficient as the parameter is that: the smaller the absolute value of the DC coefficient, the smoother the block, and the modification has less impact on the video quality. Moreover, for blocks with the same absolute value of the DC coefficient, the probability of the same coefficient appearing between blocks is higher. Moreover, since modifying the all-0 block has a greater impact on the increase in video file size and the degradation of video quality, it is not modified. Here, "its" refers to the macroblock whose coefficients are all 0.

[0061] S3. Pair the AC coefficients from the second to the last bit in adjacent luminance blocks in pairs to obtain coefficient pairs.

[0062] S4. Perform corresponding transfer on the luminance block according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map.

[0063] The embedding process is expressed as follows: first, determine the transfer direction of the coefficient pair according to the content of the data to be embedded. For example, if the current coefficient pair is (1,1) and "10" is to be embedded, then according to the two-dimensional histogram, the AC values ​​at the same position of the two adjacent macroblocks are transferred to 2 and remain unchanged respectively. If it is (2,2), it is not embedded, and remains unchanged and transferred to 3 respectively.

[0064] As an optional implementation, the evaluation index of each pair of embedding efficiency is expressed as:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, P i represents the probability of the transition direction, b i Indicates the number of embedded bits in the transfer direction, m i Indicates the number of bits of the 0 coefficient pair that have changed in this transfer direction.

[0067] Among them, the two-dimensional histogram transfer map used is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the transfer efficiency calculated for different types of transfer methods is expressed as follows:

[0068] For Type A:

[0069] For Type B: Not embedded

[0070] For Type-C:

[0071] For Type D: Not embedded

[0072] S5. Place the embedded 4×4 luminance blocks into the encoded h.264 video data in the original order to achieve information hiding.

[0073] In summary, the method of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0074] (1) The present invention uses inter-block grouping to increase the frequency of occurrence of coefficient pairs with an absolute value of 1 between video macroblocks, thereby increasing embedding efficiency.

[0075] (2) The present invention prioritizes embedding smooth blocks with smaller DC absolute values, which can reduce the impact on video quality.

[0076] (3) The method of the present invention has a wide range of applications in video reversible data hiding tasks, is simple to operate, has strong adaptability, and has broad application prospects.

[0077] This embodiment further provides a video information hiding system based on block pairing, including:

[0078] The system extraction module is used to obtain the encoded h.264 video data and obtain the coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data;

[0079] A coefficient sorting module is used to sort the coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large according to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block;

[0080] A coefficient pairing module is used to pair the AC coefficients from the second to the last digit in adjacent luminance blocks to obtain coefficient pairs;

[0081] A data hiding module is used to transfer the brightness block accordingly according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map;

[0082] The luminance block placement module is used to place the embedded 4×4 luminance blocks into the encoded H.264 video data in the original order to achieve information hiding.

[0083] As a further optional implementation, obtaining coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data includes:

[0084] Perform a zigzag scan on the coefficients of the obtained 4×4 luminance block to obtain the following vector:

[0085] (DC,AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5,AC6,AC7,AC8,AC9,AC 10 ,AC 11 ,AC 12 ,AC 13 ,AC 14 ,AC 15 )

[0086] The DC and AC coefficients represent the direct current coefficient and alternating current coefficient of the luminance block, respectively.

[0087] As a further optional implementation, the sorting of all 4×4 luminance blocks according to the absolute values ​​of the DC coefficients of the 4×4 luminance blocks includes:

[0088] The absolute value of the DC coefficient is selected as a parameter to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large. The smaller the absolute value of the DC coefficient, the smoother the block, and the smaller the impact on video quality after modification. In addition, blocks with the same absolute value of the DC coefficient have a higher probability of having the same coefficient between blocks.

[0089] The video information hiding system based on block pairing of this embodiment can execute the video information hiding method based on block pairing provided by the method embodiment of the present invention, and can execute any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0090] This embodiment further provides a video information hiding device based on block pairing, comprising:

[0091] at least one processor;

[0092] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0093] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements Figure 1The method shown.

[0094] The video information hiding device based on inter-block pairing of this embodiment can execute the video information hiding method based on inter-block pairing provided by the method embodiment of the present invention, can execute any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0095] The present application also discloses a computer program product or computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device performs Figure 1 The method shown.

[0096] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing instructions or programs that can execute a video information hiding method based on block pairing provided by an embodiment of the method of the present invention. When the instructions or program are run, any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment can be executed, and the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method can be obtained.

[0097] In some optional embodiments, the function / operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function / operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the present invention is provided in an exemplary manner for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Optional embodiments are contemplated in which the order of the various operations is changed and the sub-operations described as a part of a larger operation are performed independently.

[0098] Furthermore, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise indicated, one or more of the functions and / or features described may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It will also be understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary for understanding the present invention. More specifically, given the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the devices disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the ordinary skill of an engineer. Therefore, a person skilled in the art using ordinary skill will be able to implement the present invention set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It will also be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0099] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0100] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0101] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering, or processing in another suitable manner as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0102] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0103] In the above description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment / example," "another embodiment / example," or "certain embodiments / examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0104] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0105] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A video information hiding method based on block pairing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Get the encoded h.264 video data and the coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data; Sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large according to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block; Pairing the AC coefficients from the second to the last bit in adjacent luminance blocks in pairs to obtain coefficient pairs; The luminance block is transferred accordingly according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map; wherein, the embedding of the non-zero coefficient pair is modified; The embedded 4×4 luminance blocks are placed into the encoded H.264 video data in their original order to achieve information hiding.

2. The video information hiding method based on block pairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data includes: Perform a zigzag scan on the coefficients of the obtained 4×4 luminance block to obtain the following vector: (DC,AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5,AC6,AC7,AC8,AC9,AC 10 ,AC 11 ,AC 12 ,AC 13 ,AC 11 ,AC 15 )Wherein, the DC and AC coefficients represent the direct current coefficient and alternating current coefficient of the luminance block, respectively.

3. The video information hiding method based on block pairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block, all 4×4 luminance blocks are sorted from small to large. include: The absolute value of the DC coefficient is selected as a parameter to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large. The smaller the absolute value of the DC coefficient, the smoother the block, and the smaller the impact on video quality after modification. In addition, blocks with the same absolute value of the DC coefficient have a higher probability of having the same coefficient between blocks.

4. The video information hiding method based on block pairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of transferring the luminance block accordingly according to the coefficient pair, the data to be embedded, and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map comprises: Determine the transfer direction of the coefficient pair according to the content of the data to be embedded; The luminance blocks are transferred accordingly according to the transfer direction.

5. The video information hiding method based on block pairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following formula is used to calculate the embedding efficiency of each pair of data: Among them, P i represents the probability of the transition direction, b i Indicates the number of embedded bits in the transfer direction, m i Indicates the number of bits that change the coefficient pair in this transfer direction.

6. A video information hiding system based on block pairing, characterized in that: include: The system extraction module is used to obtain the encoded h.264 video data and obtain the coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data; A coefficient sorting module is used to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large according to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block; A coefficient pairing module is used to pair the AC coefficients from the second to the last digit in adjacent luminance blocks to obtain coefficient pairs; A data hiding module is used to transfer the luminance block accordingly according to the coefficient pairs, the data to be embedded and the two-dimensional histogram transfer map; wherein, the non-zero coefficient pairs are selected to be modified and embedded; The luminance block placement module is used to place the embedded 4×4 luminance blocks into the encoded H.264 video data in the original order to achieve information hiding.

7. The video information hiding system based on block pairing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of obtaining coefficients of all 4×4 luminance blocks in the h.264 video data includes: Perform a zigzag scan on the coefficients of the obtained 4×4 luminance block to obtain the following vector: (DC,AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5,AC6,AC7,AC8,AC9,AC 10 ,AC 11 ,AC 12 ,AC 13 ,AC 14 ,AC 15 )Wherein, the DC and AC coefficients represent the direct current coefficient and alternating current coefficient of the luminance block, respectively.

8. The video information hiding system based on block pairing according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to the absolute value of the DC coefficient of the 4×4 luminance block, all 4×4 luminance blocks are sorted from small to large. include: The absolute value of the DC coefficient is selected as a parameter to sort all 4×4 luminance blocks from small to large. The smaller the absolute value of the DC coefficient, the smoother the block, and the smaller the impact on video quality after modification. In addition, blocks with the same absolute value of the DC coefficient have a higher probability of having the same coefficient between blocks.

9. A video information hiding device based on block pairing, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor, characterized in that: The processor-executable program is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed by the processor.

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