A centrifugal cavitation generator

Abstract

The present invention provides a centrifugal cavitation generator comprising a housing, an impeller, and a drive device. The impeller is located within the housing and includes a flow guide and a hollow housing. The hollow housing is provided with a flow guide on one side for guiding liquid into the housing, and the other side of the hollow housing is connected to the drive device. The hollow housing is provided with at least one set of through-hole units. The rotation of the impeller causes liquid to flow out through the through-hole units, generating a cavitation cloud. The housing wall is provided with several protrusions, located near the through-hole units on the hollow housing, to collapse the cavitation bubbles. The present invention utilizes the mechanical, thermal, and chemical effects generated by this energy to achieve wastewater degradation and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cavitation devices, in particular to a centrifugal cavitation generator. Background Art

[0002] Hydrodynamic cavitation degradation technology uses the collapse of cavitation bubbles to release a large amount of energy into the surrounding liquid. This huge energy release has the following effects: (1) Mechanical effect: a large number of shock waves are generated, with extremely large instantaneous pressure and shear stress. (2) Thermal effect: local hot spots with extremely high temperatures are formed, and heating and cooling occur within microseconds. (3) Chemical effect: water molecules can be decomposed into -OH active free radicals with strong oxidizing properties. They have an extremely high oxidation potential (2.80eV) and can undergo rapid chain reactions with most organic pollutants, oxidizing harmful substances into CO2, H2O or mineral salts without secondary pollution.

[0003] Due to increasingly severe environmental pollution, the quality of my country's water resources continues to decline. Wastewater discharge is a major source of water pollution, and current treatment processes for organic wastewater are often suboptimal. Harnessing the enormous energy generated by hydraulic cavitation to achieve near-complete degradation of most organic pollutants is one of the newest solutions to address current water pollution issues.

[0004] The prior art discloses a vortex cavitation device, comprising an inlet pipe, a vortex chamber, a cavitation block, and a baffle. Organic wastewater at a certain pressure and flow rate passes through the inlet pipe. Due to a certain low pressure, the organic wastewater enters the double-helix narrow slit in the cavitation chamber, causing cavitation. The cavitated organic wastewater then passes through the cavitation block, further accelerating the flow rate and causing cavitation. The organic wastewater, containing cavitation bubbles, is discharged through the conical aperture at the bottom, impacting the baffle below, causing cavitation collapse and enhancing the cavitation effect. Although the device has a simple structure, it suffers from significant energy loss and rapid damage to key components.

[0005] Prior art discloses a hydrodynamic cavitation device for wastewater treatment. This device features multiple cavitation channels, resulting in high cavitation efficiency. Ozone can be introduced into the cavitation channels. Under the high temperature and high pressure conditions generated by the hydrodynamic cavitation effect, ozone decomposes into hydroxyl radicals, which have stronger oxidizing properties, further improving cavitation efficiency.

[0006] The prior art discloses a vortex cavitator used in the field of chemical separation technology, which can perform low-cost and high-efficiency demulsification treatment on aqueous emulsified oil or emulsified oily wastewater at a relatively low temperature and without or with a small amount of chemical demulsifier.

[0007] The above patents mainly focus on sewage cavitation degradation devices and methods based on jet cavitation or plate structures. They cannot achieve efficient cavitation degradation treatment of large-flow sewage, and have high requirements and restrictions on the installation and working mode of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention provides a centrifugal cavitation generator. A power mechanism drives blades to rotate within a wastewater medium, causing the fluid to enter a supercavitation state. Within this state, bubbles within the supercavitation zone gradually collapse, releasing significant energy into the surrounding liquid. This energy is harnessed through mechanical, thermal, and chemical effects to achieve wastewater degradation. The present invention features a simple design, is easy to install and replace, has strong adaptability to various operating conditions, and offers low production costs.

[0009] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0010] A centrifugal cavitation generator comprises a housing, an impeller and a drive device; the impeller is located in the housing; the impeller comprises a guide portion and a hollow box body, one side of the hollow box body is provided with a guide portion for guiding liquid to enter the interior of the hollow box body, and the other side of the hollow box body is connected to the drive device; the hollow box body is provided with at least one group of through-hole units; the rotation of the impeller causes the liquid to flow out through the through-hole units to generate a cavitation cloud; the wall of the housing is provided with a plurality of protrusions, which are located near the through-hole units on the hollow box body and are used for collapsing cavitation bubbles.

[0011] Furthermore, the through-hole unit includes three rows of circumferentially distributed through-holes, and the center line of the through-holes in the second row is perpendicular to the rotation center of the hollow box; the through-holes in the first row and the through-holes in the third row are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through-holes in the second row, and the angle between the center line of the through-holes in the first row and the rotation center of the hollow box is an acute angle.

[0012] Furthermore, the protrusion is located at the intersection of the center line of the second row of through holes and the wall surface of the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the through hole is a straight hole, a tapered hole or a stepped hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide part is a baffle-type guide structure, which includes a baffle, a bracket and a guide wheel strip; the baffle is supported on the hollow box body through the bracket, and the baffle is located on the outside of the inlet of the hollow box body; a baffle water inlet hole is provided on the baffle plate; and a number of guide wheel strips are provided on the inner wall of the hollow box body.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide wheel bar is a curved wheel bar or a straight wheel bar or a combination of the two; the thickness of the guide wheel bar is gradually changed, with the middle being high and the edges being low.

[0016] The baffle is provided with a curved section at the edge of the baffle, and the angle between the baffle edge and the curved section is θ, 90°<θ<180°; D1 is the diameter of the baffle, D2 is the diameter of the baffle water inlet, D3 is the diameter of the hollow box, and L is the distance between the baffle and the end face of the hollow box. D1, D2, D3 and L satisfy the following relationship:

[0017] 0.5<D1 / L≤1, and 0.3<D2 / D1<0.6, and 1<D3 / D1<1.8.

[0018] Furthermore, the through holes in the first row and the through holes in the third row are inclined holes, and the jet directions of the through holes in the first row and the through holes in the third row are respectively directed to the protrusions at the center lines of the through holes in the second row, so as to reduce the oscillation of the shell.

[0019] Furthermore, the intersection of the jet direction of the through holes in the first row and the jet direction of the through holes in the third row is located on the convex surface.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The centrifugal cavitation generator described in this invention uses a power mechanism to drive blades to rotate within the wastewater medium, causing the fluid to enter a supercavitation state. In this state, bubbles within the supercavitation zone gradually collapse, releasing significant energy into the surrounding liquid. This energy generates mechanical, thermal, and chemical effects to achieve wastewater degradation. The centrifugal cavitation generator described in this invention occupies a small space, is simple to operate, and has high production efficiency.

[0022] 2. The centrifugal cavitation generator described in this invention uses various flow-guiding elements within the rotating cavitation generator to provide flow momentum, preventing the fluid from remaining in the device for extended periods, thereby achieving uniform fluid treatment. Liquid enters the hollow housing through the flow-guiding elements and flows out through the through-holes, generating a cloud of cavitation bubbles that interact with the protrusions, completely collapsing the bubbles.

[0023] 3. The centrifugal cavitation generator of the present invention is mainly suitable for medium and low speed operation, so that the fluid can complete multiple cavitation generation and cavitation bubble collapse processes in a relatively short period of time.

[0024] 4. In the centrifugal cavitation generator described herein, the first and third rows of through holes are inclined, and the jet directions of the first and third rows of through holes are directed toward the protrusions at the centerline of the second row of through holes, thereby increasing flow turbulence and reducing housing oscillation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine-type centrifugal cavitation generator.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine structure of the diversion part.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of .

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a baffle-type centrifugal cavitation generator.

[0031] Figure 6 Installation intention of baffle-type guide structure.

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view.

[0033] Figure 8 Installation intention variant for baffled diversion structures.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide wheel type centrifugal cavitation generator.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1-inlet section; 2-impeller; 3-support frame; 4-sleeve; 5-motor; 201-diversion part; 201a-turbine-type diversion structure; 201b-guide wheel-type diversion structure; 201c-baffle-type diversion structure; 201c-1-baffle; 201c-2-bend section; 202-through hole; 203-hollow box body; 204-rotating axis; 205-guide wheel bar; 207-baffle water inlet hole; 301-protrusion; 202c-bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the centrifugal cavitation generator of the present invention includes a housing, an impeller 2, and a drive device. The impeller 2 is located in the housing. The impeller 2 includes a flow guide portion 201 and a hollow housing 203. The hollow housing 203 is provided with a flow guide portion 201 on one side for guiding liquid into the hollow housing 203, and the other side of the hollow housing 203 is connected to the drive device. The hollow housing 203 is provided with at least one set of through-hole units. The rotation of the impeller 2 causes the liquid to flow out through the through-hole units, generating a cavitation cloud. The housing wall is provided with a plurality of protrusions 301, which are located near the through-hole units on the hollow housing 203 and are used to collapse the cavitation bubbles. The present invention drives the impeller 2 to rotate in the sewage medium through the drive device, causing the fluid to enter a supercavitation state. In this state, the cavitation bubbles in the supercavitation region gradually collapse, releasing a large amount of energy into the surrounding liquid. The mechanical effects, thermal effects, and chemical reactions generated by this energy are used to achieve sewage degradation treatment.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the centrifugal cavitation generator in Example 1 includes a housing, an impeller 2, and a motor 5. The housing includes an inlet section 1 and a support frame 3. The inlet section 1 is connected to the support frame 3, and the support frame 3 is provided with an outlet. The impeller 2 includes a guide portion 201 and a hollow box body 203. The guide portion 201 is provided on one side of the hollow box body 203 for guiding liquid into the interior of the hollow box body 203. The other side of the hollow box body 203 is connected to the motor 5 via a rotating shaft 204. A shaft sleeve 4 is provided between the rotating shaft 204 and the support frame 3. The hollow box body 203 is provided with two groups of through-hole units. The rotation of the impeller 2 causes the liquid to flow out through the through-hole units, generating a cavitation cloud. The wall of the support frame 3 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 301. The protrusions 301 are located near the through-hole units on the hollow box body 203 and are used to collapse the cavitation bubbles. The energy released by the cavitation collapse is used to treat organic wastewater.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, each group of through-hole units includes three rows of circumferentially distributed through-holes 202. The centerline of the second row of through-holes 202 is perpendicular to the rotation center of the hollow housing 203. The first and third rows of through-holes 202 are symmetrically arranged on either side of the second row of through-holes 202, and the angle between the centerline of the first row of through-holes 202 and the rotation center of the hollow housing 203 is acute. The protrusion 301 is located at the intersection of the centerline of the second row of through-holes 202 and the housing wall.

[0044] The through holes 202 in the first and third rows are inclined, and the jet directions of the through holes 202 in the first and third rows are directed toward the protrusion 301 at the centerline of the through holes 202 in the second row, respectively, to increase flow turbulence and reduce housing oscillation. The intersection of the jet directions of the first and third rows of through holes 202 is located on the surface of the protrusion 301. The through holes 202 can be straight, tapered, or stepped.

[0045] The motor 5 is a medium-low speed motor. Since the centrifugal cavitation generator uses a relatively large number of through holes 202 and the spacing between the through holes 202 is small, in order to avoid too much impact on the support frame 3, the speed of the motor 5 is selected to be no more than 3000r / min.

[0046] The guide part 201 of Example 1 is a turbine-type guide structure 201a. The turbine-type guide structure 201a converts "mechanical energy" into "kinetic energy of the fluid", which plays a role in accelerating the fluid. It relies on the motor 5 to drive the turbine-type guide structure 201a to rotate at high speed. The surface of the high-speed rotating turbine blade conforms to the principles of fluid mechanics. The fluid contacts the blade surface and then flows along the blade surface as the impeller rotates. Usually, the fluid enters from the axial direction of the rotation of the turbine-type guide structure 201a and then comes out from the radial direction. Under the centrifugal force of the rotation of the turbine-type guide structure 201a, the fluid is accelerated, and then the liquid is guided to flow out of the through hole 202 quickly, generating cavitation bubbles. Another advantage of using the turbine-type guide structure 201a is that it can reduce the backflow of the fluid entering the hollow box 203. Figure 3 The figure shows the fluid movement condition when the turbine-type flow guide structure 201a of the flow guide part rotates.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the guide part 201 of Example 2 is a baffle-type guide structure 201c. The baffle-type guide structure 201c includes a baffle 201c-1, a bracket 202c and a guide wheel bar 205; the baffle is supported on the hollow box body 203 through the bracket 202c, and the baffle is located on the outside of the inlet of the hollow box body 203; the baffle is provided with a baffle water inlet hole 207; the inner wall of the hollow box body 203 is provided with a plurality of guide wheel bars 205. The guide wheel bar 205 is a curved bar wheel or a straight bar wheel or a combination of the two; the thickness gradient of the guide wheel bar 205 is gradually changed, showing a high middle and low edge, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 Because the centrifugal cavitation generator causes the fluid entering the hollow box 203 to flow back, the baffle can reduce the backflow. In addition, the inner wall of the hollow box 203 is provided with a plurality of guide rollers 205, which can guide the liquid to flow out of the through hole 202 quickly.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, this figure shows a variant of the baffle-type flow-guiding structure. When the hollow housing 203 is rotating, the speed at the outermost diameter is the highest. If the fluid cannot flow out of the through-hole 202 in a timely manner, backflow is most likely to occur. Therefore, a curved section 201c-2 is provided at the edge of the baffle 201c-1 to prevent backflow. D1 is the diameter of the baffle 201c-1, D2 is the diameter of the baffle water inlet 207, D3 is the diameter of the hollow housing 203, and L is the distance between the baffle 201c-1 and the end face of the hollow housing 203. D1, D2, D3, and L must meet a certain relationship to maximize the effectiveness of the baffle-type flow-guiding structure 201c. When 0.5<D1 / L≤1, this variant of the baffle-type flow-guiding structure can reduce backflow during fluid flow. When 0.3<D2 / D1<0.6, the weight of the baffle-type flow-guiding structure can be reduced, and the fluid can pass through the baffle water inlet 207 well. When D3 / D1<1, the baffle-type flow-guiding structure curved section 201c-2 does not play a good role in blocking the flow, while the baffle-type flow-guiding structure straight section can play a good role in blocking the flow. Figure 6 When 1<D3 / φD1<1.8, the baffle-type guide structure curved section 201c-2 can play a good role in blocking and guiding flow. At this time, 90°<θ<180°, where θ is the angle between the edge of the baffle 201c-1 and the curved section 201c-2.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] like Figure 9 As shown, the guide part 201 of Example 3 is a guide wheel type guide structure 201b. The guide wheel type guide structure 201b also converts "mechanical energy" into "kinetic energy of the fluid", which plays a role in accelerating the fluid. The difference between this structure and the turbine type guide structure 201a is that the guide wheel type guide structure 201b gradually increases the outer diameter, and the time for the fluid to increase in speed becomes longer, and finally reaches a relatively large speed. The fluid itself already has a relatively large speed. At this time, the liquid flows out of the through hole 202, and the pressure drops more easily, and cavitation bubbles are more likely to be generated. Another advantage of using the guide wheel type guide structure 201b is that it can reduce the backflow of the fluid entering the hollow box 203.

[0052] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0053] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal cavitation generator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing, an impeller (2) and a driving device; the impeller (2) is located in the housing; the impeller (2) comprises a flow guide portion (201) and a hollow box body (203); one side of the hollow box body (203) is provided with a flow guide portion (201) for guiding liquid into the interior of the hollow box body (203); the other side of the hollow box body (203) is connected to the driving device; at least one group of through-hole units is provided on the hollow box body (203); the rotation of the impeller (2) causes the liquid to flow out through the through-hole units, thereby generating a cavitation cloud; a plurality of protrusions (301) are provided on the wall of the housing; the protrusions (301) are located near the through-hole units on the hollow box body (203) and are used for collapsing cavitation; The through-hole unit comprises three rows of circumferentially distributed through-holes (202), wherein the centerline of the through-holes (202) in the second row is perpendicular to the rotation center of the hollow box body (203); the through-holes (202) in the first row and the through-holes (202) in the third row are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through-holes (202) in the second row, and the angle between the centerline of the through-holes (202) in the first row and the rotation center of the hollow box body (203) is an acute angle; the through-holes (202) in the first row and the through-holes (202) in the third row are both inclined holes, and the jet directions of the through-holes (202) in the first row and the through-holes (202) in the third row are respectively directed to the protrusions (301) at the centerline of the through-holes (202) in the second row, so as to reduce the vibration of the shell.

2. The centrifugal cavitation generator according to claim 1, characterized in that The protrusion (301) is located at the intersection of the center line of the second row of through holes (202) and the shell wall.

3. The centrifugal cavitation generator according to claim 1, characterized in that The through hole (202) is a straight hole, a tapered hole or a stepped hole.

4. The centrifugal cavitation generator according to claim 1, characterized in that The flow guide portion (201) is a baffle-type flow guide structure (201c), comprising a baffle (201c-1), a bracket (202c), and guide wheel strips (205); the baffle (201c-1) is supported on the hollow box (203) via the bracket (202c), and the baffle (201c-1) is located outside the inlet of the hollow box (203); a baffle water inlet hole (207) is provided on the baffle (201c-1); and a plurality of guide wheel strips (205) are provided on the inner wall of the hollow box (203).

5. The centrifugal cavitation generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide wheel bar (205) is a curved wheel bar or a straight wheel bar or a combination of the two; the thickness of the guide wheel bar (205) changes gradually, showing a high middle and low edge.

6. The centrifugal cavitation generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A curved section (201c-2) is provided at the edge of the baffle (201c-1), and an angle between the edge of the baffle (201c-1) and the curved section (201c-2) is θ, 90°<θ<180°; D1 is the diameter of the baffle (201c-1), D2 is the diameter of the baffle water inlet (207), D3 is the diameter of the hollow box (203), and L is the distance between the baffle (201c-1) and the end surface of the hollow box (203); D1, D2, D3 and L satisfy the following relationship: 0.5<D1 / L≤1, 0.3<D2 / D1<0.6, and 1<D3 / D1<1.

8.

7. The centrifugal cavitation generator according to claim 1, characterized in that The intersection point of the jet direction of the first row of through holes (202) and the jet direction of the third row of through holes (202) is located on the surface of the protrusion (301).

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