A method, apparatus, and device for developing a water-bearing tight sand gas reservoir

Abstract

The application discloses a method, device and equipment for developing a water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, which can comprise the following steps: comparing gas testing data and / or production data of an evaluation well with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to determine a water-producing well in the evaluation well; constructing a sonic time difference-resistivity crossplot based on a sonic time difference logging curve and a resistivity logging curve of the evaluation well to identify a water-bearing layer of the evaluation well; performing well connection profile analysis on the evaluation well after correcting the water-bearing layer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing well in the evaluation well identified by the water-producing gas well identification chart to obtain water-bearing layer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir; determining a high-quality reserve area of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir based on the water-bearing layer distribution and gas reservoir distribution in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir; and designing a corresponding drainage gas recovery scheme for the high-quality reserve area to realize development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir. The method can increase reserve production of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir and realize effective development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas reservoir exploration and development technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and equipment for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] Tight sandstone gas reservoirs are enormous in scale, gradually becoming the richest unconventional natural gas resource. As an important pillar for the continuous development and growth of natural gas, their exploration and development are of great significance to enhancing my country's gas security.

[0003] Tight sandstone gas reservoirs are characterized by strong reservoir heterogeneity, extremely low permeability, and high water saturation, which makes gas field development difficult and poses a severe challenge to the effective utilization of reserves. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To enrich the process routes and increase the options, this invention provides a method, apparatus, and equipment for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, which may include:

[0006] The water-producing wells in the evaluation wells are identified by comparing the gas testing data and / or production data of the evaluation wells with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart.

[0007] Based on the sonic transit time logging curves and resistivity logging curves of the evaluation well, a sonic transit time-resistivity cross-plot is constructed to identify the aquifer of the evaluation well.

[0008] The aquifers in the evaluation wells are corrected based on the water-producing well identification chart identified by the water-producing gas well identification chart.

[0009] Based on the corrected aquifers, a well-to-well profile analysis was performed on the evaluation wells to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0010] Based on the distribution of the aquifer and the distribution of gas reservoirs in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, the high-quality reserve areas of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir are determined.

[0011] A corresponding drainage and gas production scheme is designed for the high-quality reserve area to realize the development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0012] Optionally, the water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method:

[0013] Obtain test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area where the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir is located;

[0014] Based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the types of gas wells are classified; wherein, the types of gas wells include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and water-producing gas wells throughout the entire process.

[0015] Based on the gas testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, construct a water-producing gas well identification chart for different types of gas wells.

[0016] Optionally, designing a corresponding drainage and gas production scheme for the high-quality reserve area to develop the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir may include:

[0017] Based on the energy storage coefficient, unobstructed flow rate, and water-to-gas ratio of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, the high-quality reserve areas are divided to obtain different types of gas reservoir areas; wherein, the energy storage coefficient is determined based on the effective thickness, porosity, and gas saturation of the reservoir.

[0018] Based on different types of gas reservoir areas and the extraction methods of gas wells deployed thereon, a drainage and gas production scheme for the gas wells is designed to realize the development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0019] The different types of gas reservoir regions can include: Class I region, Class II region, and Class III region. Class I region is a reservoir region where the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both greater than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is less than a preset threshold. Class II region is a region between Class I region and Class III region. Class III region is a reservoir region where the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both less than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is greater than a preset threshold.

[0020] The extraction methods of the gas wells may include: single-layer gas extraction and multi-layer gas extraction.

[0021] Optional drainage and gas production schemes for gas wells include:

[0022] If the gas well is located in a Class I area, and the single gas layer of the gas-bearing reservoir in the Class I area is greater than 5m or the combined gas layer is greater than 8m, production should be throttled in the early stage of gas production, and auxiliary plunger and bubble drainage measures should be implemented in the later stage.

[0023] If the gas well is located in a Class II or Class III area, a plunger device is directly installed during the well completion stage; if there is severe liquid accumulation, a combined drainage and gas production measure of gas lift + foam drainage or gas lift + plunger is adopted.

[0024] Optionally, determining the high-quality reserve area of ​​the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir based on the aquifer distribution and the gas reservoir distribution in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir includes:

[0025] Based on the distribution of the aquifer and the distribution of gas reservoirs in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, areas with well-developed gas layers in both the longitudinal and transverse directions but without well-developed water layers are preferred as high-quality reserve areas of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0026] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for identifying aquifers in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, which may include:

[0027] The water-producing wells in the evaluation wells are identified by comparing the gas testing data and / or production data of the evaluation wells with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart.

[0028] Based on the sonic transit time logging curves and resistivity logging curves of the evaluation well, a sonic transit time-resistivity cross-plot is constructed to identify the aquifer of the evaluation well.

[0029] The aquifers in the evaluation wells are corrected based on the water-producing well identification chart identified by the water-producing gas well identification chart.

[0030] Based on the corrected aquifers, a well-to-well profile analysis was performed on the evaluation wells to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0031] Optionally, the water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method:

[0032] Obtain test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area where the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir is located;

[0033] Based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the types of gas wells are classified; wherein, the types of gas wells include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and water-producing gas wells throughout the entire process.

[0034] Based on the gas testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, construct a water-producing gas well identification chart for different types of gas wells.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a development apparatus for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, which may include:

[0036] The comparison and judgment module is used to compare the gas test data and / or production data of the evaluation well with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to determine the water-producing wells in the evaluation wells;

[0037] A water layer identification module is used to construct an acoustic transit-resistivity cross-plot based on the acoustic transit-time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the evaluation well to identify the aquifer of the evaluation well.

[0038] Aquifer correction module is used to correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified in the evaluation wells by the water-producing gas well identification map;

[0039] The well-connection analysis module is used to perform well-connection profile analysis on the evaluation wells based on the corrected aquifers, so as to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0040] The sweet spot determination module is used to determine the high-quality reserve area of ​​the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir based on the distribution of the aquifer and the gas reservoir distribution in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir;

[0041] The design and development module is used to design corresponding drainage and gas production schemes for the high-quality reserve areas in order to realize the development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0042] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an aquifer identification device for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, which may include:

[0043] The comparison and judgment module is used to compare the gas test data and / or production data of the evaluation well with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to determine the water-producing wells in the evaluation wells;

[0044] A water layer identification module is used to construct an acoustic transit-resistivity cross-plot based on the acoustic transit-time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the evaluation well to identify the water layer of the evaluation well.

[0045] Aquifer correction module is used to correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified in the evaluation wells by the water-producing gas well identification map;

[0046] The well-connection analysis module is used to perform well-connection profile analysis on the evaluation wells based on the corrected aquifers, so as to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0047] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the development method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs as described in the first aspect, or implements the aquifer identification method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs as described in the second aspect.

[0048] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the development method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs as described in the first aspect, or the aquifer identification method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs as described in the second aspect.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0050] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and equipment for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. By fully integrating reservoir geological characteristics and production dynamic data, it establishes a gas-water layer identification and drainage gas production technology policy to form a set of development methods for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. This solves the technical problems in the prior art where poor connectivity between reservoir water bodies, complex gas-water relationships, widespread water production and wellbore fluid accumulation during production of gas wells, and single-well dynamic reserves and production capacity far below the average level of gas fields make it difficult to effectively utilize a large amount of geological reserves temporarily. This invention increases the utilization of reserves in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs and enables effective development.

[0051] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0053] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the aquifer identification method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the analysis of the produced water and its source provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This refers to the pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a cross-plot of acoustic transit time and deep lateral resistivity of the He 8 sandstone reservoir in the southern area of ​​the Sulige gas field, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a cross-plot of acoustic transit time and deep lateral resistivity of the sandstone reservoir in the Shan 1 section of the southern area of ​​the Sulige gas field, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the aquifer identification device for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7This is a flowchart of the development method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the development device for a water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0063] During oilfield development, the inventors discovered that for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, due to poor connectivity between reservoir water bodies and complex gas-water relationships, producing water and fluid accumulation in wells are common occurrences during production. This results in single-well dynamic reserves and production rates far below the average level of the gas field, making it difficult to effectively utilize a large amount of geological reserves. Addressing these technical problems in existing technologies, the inventors, after a long period of research and development, proposed this invention.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for identifying aquifers in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0066] Step S11: Compare the gas testing data and / or production data of the appraisal well with the pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to identify the water-producing wells in the appraisal wells.

[0067] This invention addresses the issue of effectively utilizing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. Before development, the aquifer in a specific block or the entire reservoir is stripped away, and a targeted drainage and gas production plan is designed. This solution addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies that fail to effectively separate the gas-water relationship and analyze produced water, thus hindering the identification of gas well water types.

[0068] In a specific example, the inventors analyzed gas wells that had undergone testing or production, and based on the underground occurrence of the produced water, categorized the well water types into three types: condensate water, formation pore water, and special locally sealed formation water. Because the condensate water volume in tight sandstone gas wells is very small, averaging 0.08m... 3 / 10 4 m 3The amount of water produced is negligible. Formation pore water and specially sealed formation water are the main sources of water production in tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0069] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the development of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs first requires determining whether gas wells produce water. Due to the limitations of the simplified production process using downhole throttling in gas fields, water-producing wells cannot be directly identified. Therefore, dynamic monitoring data combined with field tests are used to identify water-producing gas wells in the block. Thus, the research process first utilizes dynamic monitoring data such as pressure gauge liquid level detection, simplified gas testing, and gas-liquid metering field tests to determine whether gas wells produce water. The differences between these two methods in the production dynamic data are compared and analyzed, and then the production dynamic data is used to determine the type of water-producing well. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the gas testing and production dynamic monitoring data of the production wells, production wells are classified into four types: waterless type, water-producing type in the early stage of production, water-producing type in the later stage of production, and water-producing type throughout the entire production process.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method:

[0071] First, test gas data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar areas of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir are obtained. In this embodiment of the invention, the gas wells that have undergone testing or production in the same block or gas reservoir are analyzed. If the number of gas wells in the block or gas reservoir is small (insufficient sample data), test gas data and / or production data of gas wells in similar areas can also be used as sample data for constructing the identification map.

[0072] Then, based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change values ​​included in the gas well's testing data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the gas well types are classified. These types can include: waterless gas wells, early-stage water-producing gas wells, late-stage water-producing gas wells, and fully water-producing gas wells. Finally, based on the testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, water-producing gas well identification charts are constructed for each type.

[0073] The following are comparisons of the unobstructed flow rate, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure variation values ​​for four types of gas wells with preset thresholds. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The constructed recognition pattern is shown below:

[0074] (1) Waterless gas wells: These are mostly normal gas wells with long-term stable production, exhibiting high unobstructed flow rate during testing, and a water-to-gas ratio of <0.5m during production trials. 3 / 10,000 m 3 In the early stages of production, the casing pressure drop is slow (casing pressure drop < 0.02 MPa / d), and under low pressure conditions, the production well still has a relatively long period of stable production.

[0075] (2) Early-stage water-producing gas wells: The logging curves of the producing zone show good gas-bearing response, and the gas testing conclusions are mostly gas-bearing layers. During the gas testing process, basically no water is produced or only a small amount of water is produced (water-to-gas ratio of 0.5–1.0 m). 3 / 10,000 m 3 The flow rate is relatively small. The production curve shows a rapid decrease in casing pressure drop in the early stage (casing pressure drop > 0.02 MPa / d), resulting in low daily gas production; later, due to liquid accumulation, the gas well enters a period of low production and low efficiency. Since the logging data of the production section shows good gas content, but water is produced in the early stage of production, it indicates that the water source of the produced water is mainly capillary water in the production layer.

[0076] (3) Water-producing gas wells in the late production stage: The logging curves of the producing zone show good gas-bearing response, and the gas testing conclusions are mostly gas-bearing layers. During the gas testing process, basically no water is produced or only a small amount of water is produced (water-to-gas ratio of 0.5–1.0 m). 3 / 10,000 m 3 The flow rate was relatively large, and the production curve showed a slow decrease in casing pressure and stable production in the early stage. Subsequently, both casing pressure and production dropped rapidly, the gas well began to produce water, and a large amount of liquid accumulated in the wellbore, entering a period of low production and low efficiency. Since the logging data of the production section showed good gas content, but water was produced in the later stage of production, it indicates that the water source of the produced water was mainly formation water in the surrounding rocks above and below the gas layer.

[0077] (4) Water-producing gas wells throughout production: Well logging interpretation and testing results for the production zone generally indicate a water-bearing gas layer or a gas-water co-containment layer. This could be formation pore water or formation water. The water-to-gas ratio is high (>1.0m). 3 / 10,000 m), the production curve shows that in the initial stage, the casing pressure drops rapidly, the formation energy decreases rapidly, the low production and low efficiency period is long, and the production effect is poor.

[0078] Step S12: Based on the sonic transit time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the appraisal well, construct a sonic transit time-resistivity cross-plot to identify the aquifer of the appraisal well.

[0079] This step further integrates well logging data, gas testing data, and production dynamics data to pinpoint the specific water-producing locations within the water-producing layers. In a specific example, combining the gas testing results of 121 single layers in a water-bearing gas reservoir, well logging rock-electrical relationship analysis was conducted. Resistivity-density and resistivity-sonic logging cross-sectional analysis revealed no clear pattern in the rock-electrical relationships between gas layers, gas-water layers, and gas-water co-layers. However, for gas-bearing reservoirs, both sonic transit time logging parameters and resistivity logging parameters showed good indications, with a relatively clear indication of gas-bearing properties. Therefore, the cross-sectional analysis of sonic transit time and resistivity parameters is used to identify gas layers, water layers, etc.

[0080] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, to accurately determine the water-bearing layer, logging data from gas testing and production wells are used for identification. There is no fixed limit to the resistivity of gas-water layers; as the acoustic transit time decreases, the resistivity of the gas layer increases; the water layer is characterized by low to medium acoustic transit time and high resistivity. For example, in the southern area of ​​the Sulige gas field, the distribution parameters of the water-bearing reservoir in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir are as follows: when the acoustic transit time of section 8 is <230 μs / m and the resistivity is >20 Ω·m, the reservoir contains water; when the acoustic transit time of section 1 is <220 μs / m and the resistivity is >28 Ω·m, the reservoir contains water.

[0081] It should be noted that the execution order of steps S11 and S12 in the embodiments of the present invention is not important. Step S11 can be executed first and then step S12, or step S12 can be executed first and then step S11. Of course, steps S11 and S12 can also be executed simultaneously. The embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations on this.

[0082] Step S13: Correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified by the water-producing gas well identification map.

[0083] This step combines data from gas testing, production dynamic monitoring, well identification charts, and acoustic transit-resistivity cross-sectional diagrams to comprehensively analyze and identify wells and their water-producing locations. Based on this, relatively high-quality reserve areas with well-developed vertical and horizontal gas layers but underdeveloped aquifers can be selected.

[0084] In this step, while there may be errors in the identification of aquifers using well logging data, the accuracy of map identification based on step S11 is relatively high. Therefore, corrections can be made to ensure the accuracy of the aquifer identification in step S12. For example, gas wells 1, 2, and 3 are adjacent appraisal wells. In step S11, all three wells are identified as water-producing wells. However, in step S12, when determining the specific aquifer through well logging, only gas wells 1 and 3 show aquifers at a certain stratum, while gas well 2 does not. Therefore, the identification results from step S11 are used to correct step S12, indicating that an aquifer also exists at the corresponding stratum of gas well 2. This allows subsequent steps to perform well profile analysis to determine the aquifer and its distribution range.

[0085] Step S14: Perform a well profile analysis on the evaluation wells based on the corrected aquifers to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0086] The aquifer identification method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention compares gas well test data and / or production data with a pre-constructed water-producing well identification chart to identify water-producing wells in the appraisal wells. Then, the aquifer positions determined based on well logging data are corrected, and the corrected results are used for well-to-well profile analysis to determine the aquifer distribution. This embodiment of the invention fully integrates reservoir geological characteristics and production dynamic data, accurately determining the aquifer distribution in the study area or gas reservoir by establishing a water-producing well identification chart and an acoustic transit-resistivity cross-section. This dynamic and static approach provides a basis for subsequent gas reservoir development.

[0087] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an aquifer identification device for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, referring to... Figure 6 As shown, the device may include: a comparison and judgment module 11, a water layer identification module 12, a water layer correction module 13, and a well-connection analysis module 14. Its working principle is as follows:

[0088] The comparison and judgment module 11 is used to compare the gas test data and / or production data of the appraisal well with the pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to determine the water-producing wells in the appraisal wells;

[0089] The water layer identification module 12 is used to construct an acoustic transit-resistivity cross-plot based on the acoustic transit-time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the evaluation well to identify the water layer of the evaluation well.

[0090] Aquifer correction module 13 is used to correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified in the evaluation well identification map;

[0091] The well-connection analysis module 14 is used to perform well-connection profile analysis on the appraisal wells based on the corrected aquifers, so as to obtain the aquifer distribution of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the above-described water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method:

[0093] Obtain test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area where the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir is located;

[0094] Based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the gas wells are classified into different types; wherein, the types of gas wells may include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and water-producing gas wells throughout their entire life cycle.

[0095] Based on the gas testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, construct a water-producing gas well identification chart for different types of gas wells.

[0096] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for identifying aquifers in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0097] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the above-mentioned method for identifying aquifers in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0098] The principles by which the above-mentioned devices, media, and related equipment in the embodiments of the present invention solve the problem are similar to those of the aforementioned methods. Therefore, their implementation can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned methods, and repeated details will not be repeated.

[0099] Example 2

[0100] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, referring to... Figure 7 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0101] Step S71: Compare the gas testing data and / or production data of the appraisal well with the pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to identify the water-producing wells in the appraisal wells.

[0102] Step S72: Based on the sonic transit time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the appraisal well, construct a sonic transit time-resistivity cross-plot to identify the aquifer of the appraisal well.

[0103] Step S73: Correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified by the water-producing gas well identification map.

[0104] Step S74: Perform a well profile analysis on the evaluation wells based on the corrected aquifers to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0105] The specific execution and examples of steps S71 to S74 in the embodiments of the present invention can be referred to steps S11 to S14 in the first embodiment above, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] Step S75: Based on the distribution of aquifers and gas reservoirs in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, determine the high-quality reserve areas of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0107] In the specific implementation of this step, based on the distribution of aquifers and the distribution of gas reservoirs in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, areas with well-developed gas layers in both the longitudinal and transverse directions but not well-developed water layers are selected as high-quality reserve areas for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0108] Step S76: Design corresponding drainage and gas production schemes for high-quality reserve areas to realize the development of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0109] In its implementation, this step first involves dividing high-quality reservoir areas based on the storage coefficient, unobstructed flow rate during gas testing, and water-to-gas ratio of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs to obtain different types of gas reservoir areas. The storage coefficient is determined based on the effective thickness, porosity, and gas saturation of the reservoir. Then, based on the different types of gas reservoir areas and the extraction methods for deploying gas wells, a drainage and gas production scheme for the gas wells is designed to realize the development of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. The different types of gas reservoir areas include: Class I, Class II, and Class III areas. Class I areas are reservoir areas where both the storage coefficient and unobstructed flow rate during gas testing are greater than a preset threshold, and the water-to-gas ratio is less than a preset threshold. Class II areas are areas between Class I and Class III areas. Class III areas are reservoir areas where both the storage coefficient and unobstructed flow rate during gas testing are less than a preset threshold, and the water-to-gas ratio is greater than a preset threshold. The extraction methods for gas wells include single-layer gas layer extraction and multi-layer gas layer combined extraction.

[0110] In other words, based on the analysis of gas-water distribution patterns and the identification of water-bearing formations, relatively high-quality reserve areas are identified. Using the storage coefficient, unobstructed flow rate during gas testing, and water-to-gas ratio in production wells as core indicators, water-bearing gas reservoirs are divided into three types of reserve areas: favorable Zone I (Class I area), favorable Zone II (Class II area), and water-rich zone (Class III area). The storage coefficient (F) = effective thickness (h) × porosity (Φ) × gas saturation (Sg) is a good parameter for selecting enriched blocks and predicting gas well production capacity. It reflects the degree of gas enrichment in the reservoir and has a high correlation with production capacity; a higher storage coefficient results in higher single-well gas production. The unobstructed flow rate during gas testing directly reflects the production capacity of the gas well. Statistical results show that in the study of water-bearing gas reservoirs, the water-to-gas ratio in production wells is an important indicator for identifying water-bearing gas wells. Areas with a water-to-gas ratio ≥ 1 cubic meter / 10,000 cubic meters can be considered water-rich areas, requiring water-avoidance development during production deployment. Table 1 below shows the different types of water-bearing gas reservoir reserve areas classified through this step.

[0111] Table 1. Zoning of Water-Bearing Gas Reservoirs

[0112]

[0113] In another alternative embodiment, the design of a drainage gas production scheme for a gas well may include:

[0114] If the gas well is located in a Class I area, and the single gas layer of the gas-bearing reservoir in the Class I area is greater than 5m or the combined gas layer is greater than 8m, production should be throttled in the early stage of gas production, and auxiliary plunger and bubble drainage measures should be implemented in the later stage.

[0115] If the gas well is located in a Class II or Class III area, a plunger device is directly installed during the well completion stage; if there is severe liquid accumulation, a combined gas lift + foam drainage or gas lift + plunger drainage and gas production measure is adopted.

[0116] Gas wells in water-bearing gas reservoirs are characterized by low single-well production, rapid decline, and widespread liquid accumulation. To address this, after years of research and experimentation, a series of drainage and gas production technologies have been developed, primarily based on foam drainage, velocity tubing, and plunger gas lift. However, through continuous practice and understanding, these three main technologies have varying degrees of technical effectiveness and economic applicability at different stages, exhibiting distinct advantages and disadvantages.

[0117] (1) Foam drainage is suitable for daily gas production of 0.5×10 4 m 3 For wells with a daily liquid production of 0.3 × 10⁶ m³ / d or more, this measure is highly effective, with the effect being more obvious as the production rate increases. It is also simple in process, low in one-time cost, and quick to take effect. However, the cumulative cost is high, the injection workload is large, and defoaming and water treatment are required. (2) For Class I gas wells with strong stable production capacity in the low-production stage, the velocity string has a long effective period, continuous gas and water production, and low management workload. However, for wells with a daily gas production of 0.3 × 10⁶ m³ / d or more, this measure is effective. 4 m 3 For gas wells with a capacity of less than / d, there is no obvious effect, and the cost is high and the output is low, requiring the use of other measures. (3) Plunger gas lift is effective in all production stages of gas wells, with a lower limit of 1000m³ / d. 3 / d, liquid-to-gas ratio ≤2m 3 / 10 4 m 3 It has a high degree of automation and strong adaptability to low-yield areas, but the maintenance cost is high and the operating system needs to be adjusted in a timely manner.

[0118] Therefore, combining the applicable technology boundary with scientifically matched process measures is of great significance to the efficient development of gas fields. This embodiment of the invention combines the advantages and disadvantages of the main technology, and takes the maximum output-input ratio of the gas well throughout its entire life cycle as the target. It believes that in the early stage of liquid accumulation in water-bearing gas reservoirs, the main drainage and gas production measures should be selected according to the gas well type. In the later stage, when the liquid cannot be completely carried, a composite measure should be adopted to improve the liquid carrying capacity: (1) For Class I wells, select 2 3 / 8″ tubing completion: initial production throttling, later auxiliary plunger and foam drainage measures; (2) Class II and III wells are recommended to be completed with 2″ continuous gas production tubing, with plunger devices directly matched during the completion stage; (3) Wells with severe liquid accumulation are recommended to adopt gas lift + foam drainage or gas lift + plunger and other composite drainage and gas production measures (Table 2).

[0119] Table 2 Main Drainage Gas Production Technology Policy

[0120]

[0121] The development method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention, by fully combining reservoir geological characteristics and production dynamic data, establishes a gas-water layer identification and drainage gas production technology policy, thereby forming a set of development methods for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. This solves the technical problems in the prior art where poor connectivity between reservoir water bodies, complex gas-water relationships, widespread water production and wellbore fluid accumulation during the production process of gas wells, and single-well dynamic reserves and production capacity far below the average level of gas fields make it difficult to effectively utilize a large amount of geological reserves temporarily. This method increases the utilization of reserves in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs and achieves effective development.

[0122] In another optional embodiment, the water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method: First, test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area of ​​the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir are obtained; then, based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with the predetermined thresholds, the types of gas wells are classified; wherein, the types of gas wells include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and fully water-producing gas wells; finally, based on the test data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, water-producing gas well identification maps of different types of gas wells are constructed.

[0123] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a development apparatus for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, referring to... Figure 8 As shown, the device may include:

[0124] The comparison and judgment module 11 is used to compare the gas test data and / or production data of the appraisal well with the pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to determine the water-producing wells in the appraisal wells;

[0125] The water layer identification module 12 is used to construct an acoustic transit-resistivity cross-plot based on the acoustic transit-time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the evaluation well to identify the water layer of the evaluation well.

[0126] Aquifer correction module 13 is used to correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified in the evaluation well identification map;

[0127] The well-connection analysis module 14 is used to perform well-connection profile analysis on the appraisal wells based on the corrected aquifers, so as to obtain the aquifer distribution of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs;

[0128] The sweet spot determination module 15 is used to determine the high-quality reserve areas of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs based on the distribution of aquifers and gas reservoirs in water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0129] Design and development module 16 is used to design corresponding drainage and gas production schemes for high-quality reserve areas in order to realize the development of water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0130] In an optional embodiment, the water-producing gas well identification map is pre-built according to the following method, that is, the device may further include: a pre-built module, specifically used for:

[0131] Obtain test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area where the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir is located;

[0132] Based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the types of gas wells are classified; wherein, the types of gas wells include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and water-producing gas wells throughout the entire process.

[0133] Based on the gas testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, construct a water-producing gas well identification chart for different types of gas wells.

[0134] In another alternative embodiment, the design and development module 16 described above is specifically used for:

[0135] Based on the energy storage coefficient, unobstructed flow rate, and water-to-gas ratio of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, the high-quality reserve areas are divided to obtain different types of gas reservoir areas; wherein, the energy storage coefficient is determined based on the effective thickness, porosity, and gas saturation of the reservoir.

[0136] Based on different types of gas reservoir areas and the extraction methods of gas wells deployed thereon, a drainage and gas production scheme for the gas wells is designed to realize the development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0137] The gas reservoir regions of different types include: Class I region, Class II region, and Class III region. Class I region is a reservoir region in which the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both greater than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is less than a preset threshold. Class II region is a region between Class I region and Class III region. Class III region is a reservoir region in which the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both less than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is greater than a preset threshold.

[0138] The gas well extraction methods include: single-layer gas layer extraction and multi-layer gas layer combined extraction.

[0139] In another optional embodiment, the design and development module 16 above specifically includes the following for designing a drainage and gas production scheme for a gas well:

[0140] If the gas well is located in a Class I area, and the single gas layer of the gas-bearing reservoir in the Class I area is greater than 5m or the combined gas layer is greater than 8m, production should be throttled in the early stage of gas production, and auxiliary plunger and bubble drainage measures should be implemented in the later stage.

[0141] If the gas well is located in a Class II or Class III area, a plunger device is directly installed during the well completion stage; if there is severe liquid accumulation, a combined drainage and gas production measure of gas lift + foam drainage or gas lift + plunger is adopted.

[0142] In another optional embodiment, the sweet spot determination module 15 is specifically used to: based on the distribution of the aquifer and the distribution of gas reservoirs in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, preferentially select areas with well-developed gas layers in both the longitudinal and transverse directions but without well-developed water layers as high-quality reserve areas of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

[0143] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0144] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the above-mentioned method for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

[0145] The principles by which the above-mentioned devices, media, and related equipment in the embodiments of the present invention solve the problem are similar to those of the aforementioned methods. Therefore, their implementation can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned methods, and repeated details will not be repeated.

[0146] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0147] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0148] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0149] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0150] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for developing water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs, characterized in that, include: The water-producing wells in the evaluation wells are identified by comparing the gas testing data and / or production data of the evaluation wells with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart. Based on the sonic transit time logging curves and resistivity logging curves of the evaluation well, a sonic transit time-resistivity cross-plot is constructed to identify the aquifer of the evaluation well. The aquifers in the evaluation wells are corrected based on the water-producing well identification chart identified by the water-producing gas well identification chart. Based on the corrected aquifers, a well-to-well profile analysis was performed on the evaluation wells to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir. Based on the distribution of the aquifer and the distribution of gas reservoirs in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, the high-quality reserve areas of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir are determined. Based on the energy storage coefficient, unobstructed flow rate, and water-to-gas ratio of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, the high-quality reserve areas are divided to obtain different types of gas reservoir areas; wherein, the energy storage coefficient is determined based on the effective thickness, porosity, and gas saturation of the reservoir. Based on different types of gas reservoir areas and the extraction methods of gas wells deployed thereon, a drainage and gas production scheme for the gas wells is designed to realize the development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs. The different types of gas reservoir regions include: Class I region, Class II region, and Class III region. Class I region is a reservoir region where the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both greater than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is less than a preset threshold. Class II region is a region between Class I region and Class III region. Class III region is a reservoir region where the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both less than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is greater than a preset threshold. The gas well extraction methods include: single-layer gas layer extraction and multi-layer gas layer combined extraction; The water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method: Obtain test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area where the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir is located; Based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the types of gas wells are classified; wherein, the types of gas wells include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and water-producing gas wells throughout the entire process. Based on the gas testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, construct a water-producing gas well identification chart for different types of gas wells.

2. The development method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The design of drainage and gas production schemes for gas wells includes: If the gas well is located in a Class I area, and the thickness of a single gas layer in the gas-bearing reservoir of the Class I area is greater than 5m or the thickness of a combined gas layer is greater than 8m, production should be throttled in the early stage of gas production, and auxiliary plunger and bubble drainage measures should be implemented in the later stage. If the gas well is located in a Class II or Class III area, a plunger device is directly installed during the well completion stage; if there is severe liquid accumulation, a combined drainage and gas production measure of gas lift + foam drainage or gas lift + plunger is adopted.

3. The development method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The determination of high-quality reserve areas in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir based on the distribution of the aquifer and the gas reservoir distribution in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir includes: Based on the distribution of the aquifer and the distribution of gas reservoirs in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, areas with well-developed gas layers in both the longitudinal and transverse directions but not in the water layer are selected as high-quality reserve areas of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir.

4. A development apparatus for a water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir, characterized in that, include: The comparison and judgment module is used to compare the gas test data and / or production data of the evaluation well with a pre-constructed water-producing gas well identification chart to determine the water-producing wells in the evaluation wells; A water layer identification module is used to construct an acoustic transit-resistivity cross-plot based on the acoustic transit-time logging curve and resistivity logging curve of the evaluation well to identify the aquifer of the evaluation well. Aquifer correction module is used to correct the aquifer in the evaluation well based on the water-producing wells identified in the evaluation wells by the water-producing well identification map. The well-connection analysis module is used to perform well-connection profile analysis on the evaluation wells based on the corrected aquifers, so as to obtain the aquifer distribution of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir. The sweet spot determination module is used to determine the high-quality reserve area of ​​the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir based on the distribution of the aquifer and the gas reservoir distribution in the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir; The design and development module is used to divide the high-quality reserve area based on the energy storage coefficient, unobstructed flow rate during gas testing, and water-gas ratio of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir to obtain different types of gas reservoir areas. The energy storage coefficient is determined based on the effective thickness, porosity, and gas saturation of the reservoir. Based on the different types of gas reservoir areas and the extraction methods of the gas wells deployed thereon, the module designs drainage and gas production schemes for the gas wells to realize the development of the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir. The different types of gas reservoir regions include: Class I region, Class II region, and Class III region. Class I region is a reservoir region where the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both greater than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is less than a preset threshold. Class II region is a region between Class I region and Class III region. Class III region is a reservoir region where the energy storage coefficient and the unobstructed flow rate of the test gas are both less than a preset threshold, and the water-gas ratio is greater than a preset threshold. The gas well extraction methods include: single-layer gas layer extraction and multi-layer gas layer combined extraction; The water-producing gas well identification map is pre-constructed according to the following method: Obtain test data and / or production data of a predetermined number of gas wells in the area or similar area where the water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoir is located; Based on the comparison results of the unobstructed flow rate value, water-gas ratio, and casing pressure change value included in the gas well test data and / or production data with preset thresholds, the types of gas wells are classified; wherein, the types of gas wells include: waterless gas wells, early water-producing gas wells, late water-producing gas wells, and water-producing gas wells throughout the entire process. Based on the gas testing data and / or production data of different types of gas wells, construct a water-producing gas well identification chart for different types of gas wells.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the development method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the development method for water-bearing tight sandstone gas reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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