Water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, a preparation method, and its application. The agent utilizes an anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component A and a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component B, and promotes the formation of a water-based, rapidly curing, strippable decontamination film by inducing demulsification. Due to the wide operating temperature range and excellent mechanical properties of chloroprene rubber, and the fast curing speed and low film-forming temperature of polyurethane, the two polymer materials are combined to overcome some of the inherent performance shortcomings of the materials. The two-component strippable detergent can achieve film formation within 60 seconds and complete curing within 2 hours, and is less affected by ambient temperature and humidity. This improves the long film-forming and curing time of single-component detergents. Furthermore, the formed film exhibits excellent mechanical properties and strong adhesion to contaminated surfaces, and can complex radioactive nuclide contamination, achieving the purpose of removing radioactive nuclides, with a decontamination rate exceeding 90%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface radionuclide decontamination, and in particular to a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear technology has become an integral part of production and life. During nuclear industry operations, radionuclide contamination is unavoidable. During the maintenance of decommissioned nuclear facilities, radionuclide contamination must be promptly removed to prevent further contamination and radioactive risks. Methods for removing radionuclide contamination primarily fall into two categories: physical and chemical decontamination. Among physical decontamination methods, peelable membrane decontamination technology involves spraying or brushing a polymer solution onto the contaminated surface. Through an adsorption and curing process, the surface contaminants are encapsulated within a polymer membrane. The membrane is then peeled off to achieve the desired decontamination effect. This technology is widely used due to its environmentally friendly, efficient, easy-to-apply, and zero-residue advantages. Peelable decontamination coatings are temporary coatings that can be peeled from substrates without leaving any residue. They are available in two types: organic solvent-based and water-soluble. Organic solvent-based coatings effectively address the issues of long film formation times and significant environmental impact. However, the presence of organic solvents makes them less environmentally friendly. Therefore, recent research on these coatings has primarily focused on water-based, single-component systems. While water-based single-component systems offer excellent mechanical and peeling properties, they suffer from slow drying, long film-forming times, and significant susceptibility to environmental factors. This results in strippable detergents typically taking more than ten hours, or even longer, to cure and form a film after spraying. Furthermore, film formation is even more challenging in low-temperature, humid environments, as they are water-based. At temperatures below zero, film formation is impossible.

[0003] In some specific environments, radioactive nuclide contamination needs to be removed quickly, which places high demands on timeliness. In addition, radioactive nuclide contamination caused by some sudden nuclear accidents requires even higher timeliness. Water-based single-component strippable detergents cannot solve this problem well. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a water-based, chloroprene rubber-based, two-component, strippable detergent, a preparation method, and its application. The two-component strippable detergent of the present invention can achieve film formation within 60 seconds and complete curing within 2 hours, and is less affected by ambient temperature and humidity. This improves the long film formation and curing time of single-component detergents, while also exhibiting excellent mechanical properties after film formation. Furthermore, the strippable detergent of the present invention has simple preparation steps, exhibits good adhesion to contaminated surfaces, and effectively complexes radioactive nuclides, achieving the purpose of removing radioactive nuclides. The decontamination rate exceeds 90%, thus resolving the problems mentioned in the aforementioned background art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, wherein the two-component strippable detergent uses an anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component A and a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component B, wherein components A and B comprise, in parts by weight:

[0006] Component A includes: 66-90 parts of aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, 9-37 parts of aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.5 parts of pH regulator, 0.3 parts of emulsifier, and 0-2 parts of complex.

[0007] Component B includes: 60-84 parts of aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, 5-33 parts of aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, 0.5 parts of pH regulator, 0.1 parts of emulsifier, 5-20 parts of inorganic salt containing metal cations, and 0-3 parts of aluminum ferric chloride;

[0008] After the two-component strippable detergent is sprayed on the contaminated surface, a contaminant embedding film is formed after curing, and the film is peeled off to achieve decontamination; the curing time is as short as 2 to 5 hours, and the tensile strength of the cured film is 3 to 9 MPa.

[0009] Preferably, the minimum film-forming temperature of the aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex and aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion or the aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex and aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion is not higher than 25°C.

[0010] Preferably, the pH regulator is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, glutamic acid aqueous solution and ammonia water; the emulsifier is one or more of OP-10, disproportionated rosin, NP-10, AES, polyvinyl alcohol solution and polyacrylamide.

[0011] Preferably, the inorganic salt containing metal cations is one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ferric chloride, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride and chromium chloride.

[0012] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, comprising preparing component A, anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion, and component B, cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion;

[0013] The preparation of the component A comprises: uniformly mixing an aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, an aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, an emulsifier and a complex, and then adding a pH regulator to adjust the pH value to 8 to 13, thereby obtaining the component A;

[0014] The preparation of the B component comprises: fully mixing and dissolving aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, emulsifier, inorganic salt containing metal cations and aluminum ferric chloride, and then adding a pH regulator to adjust the pH value to 8-13.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: application of a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent on a surface contaminated with radionuclides.

[0016] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a method for using a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, wherein component A and component B are sprayed sequentially or simultaneously onto a surface contaminated with radioactive nuclides, and the stripping is performed after the film is formed and solidified.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1) The present invention provides a method for preparing a water-based, chloroprene rubber-based, two-component, fast-curing, peelable detergent. For loose radionuclide contaminants on surfaces, the two-component detergent is sprayed on the contaminated surface. After the two-component detergent undergoes penetration, adsorption, demulsification, evaporation, cross-linking, and curing, a contaminant-encapsulating film is formed. The film is then peeled off to achieve the purpose of decontamination. The water-based, chloroprene rubber-based, two-component, fast-curing, peelable detergent combines the advantages of being environmentally friendly, highly effective, easy to construct, and free of secondary pollution. It can also remove radionuclide contaminants from contaminated surfaces, exhibits moderate adhesion to the contaminated surface, and can be easily peeled off.

[0019] 2) The physical blending method used to prepare the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component fast-curing peelable detergent, components A and B, is simple to prepare and can be produced on a large scale in emergency situations. Since the detergent uses an aqueous emulsion as the base material, it is relatively environmentally friendly. During use, components A and B are sprayed by atomization to accelerate the reaction time of the two components. The moment components A and B combine on the contaminated surface, the collision of anions and cations causes the emulsion to immediately break and form a film. At the same time, the presence of cationic inorganic salts in component B causes water in the emulsion to precipitate, shortening the volatilization process of the detergent and accelerating the curing process.

[0020] 3) Under the same operating conditions as existing strippable detergents, the curing time of the strippable detergent described in the present invention is shortened from the original 10 to 48 hours to 2 to 5 hours, depending on the temperature and humidity, and can achieve a rapid curing effect; compared with other two-component strippable detergents, it maintains better mechanical properties, and the tensile strength of the film after complete curing is 3 to 9 MPa. At the same time, the invented two-component strippable detergent has high decontamination performance. Through tests on different contaminated substrate surfaces, the decontamination rate of the detergent is above 90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent.

[0022] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram comparing the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent of Example 1 before and after decontamination on a glass surface;

[0023] Figure 3 Graphs showing the phenomenon of the two-component detergents of Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Example 4 being sprayed on the surface of a substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Each substance in the formula of the present invention can be purchased from commercial sources. The water-based anionic chloroprene rubber latex is SNL-511A produced by Shanxi Shanna Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd., the water-based anionic polyurethane emulsion is F0410 produced by Shenzhen Jitian Chemical, the water-based cationic chloroprene rubber latex is CR-50LK produced by Shanxi Shanna Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd., the water-based cationic polyurethane emulsion is TY-716 produced by Jining Tangyi Chemical Co., Ltd., the pH regulators are ammonia water, boric acid, NaOH, and glutamic acid produced by Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd., the emulsifiers are NP-10 produced by Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd. and disproportionated rosin produced by Jinan Haoran Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., the cationic metal-containing inorganic salts are NaCl, CaCl2, and CrCl3 produced by Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd., and the complex is EDTA produced by Chengdu Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, using an anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component A and a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component B. Components A and B comprise, in parts by weight:

[0028] Component A includes: 66-90 parts of aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, 9-37 parts of aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.5 parts of pH regulator, 0.3 parts of emulsifier, and 0-2 parts of complex.

[0029] Component B includes: 60-84 parts of aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, 5-33 parts of aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, 0.5 parts of pH regulator, 0.1 parts of emulsifier, 5-20 parts of inorganic salt containing metal cations, and 0-3 parts of aluminum ferric chloride;

[0030] After the two-component strippable detergent is sprayed on the contaminated surface, a contaminant embedding film is formed after curing, and the film is peeled off to achieve decontamination; the curing time is as short as 2 to 5 hours, and the tensile strength of the cured film is 3 to 9 MPa.

[0031] The minimum film-forming temperature of the aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex and aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion or the aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex and aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion is not higher than 25°C.

[0032] The pH regulator is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, glutamic acid aqueous solution and ammonia water; the emulsifier is one or more of OP-10, disproportionated rosin, NP-10, AES, polyvinyl alcohol solution and polyacrylamide.

[0033] The inorganic salt containing metal cations is one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ferric chloride, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride and chromium chloride.

[0034] A method for preparing a water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, such as Figure 1 As shown, component A anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion and component B cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion were prepared respectively:

[0035] Step 1. Preparation of component A anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0036] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected by weight to adjust the pH value of 9.75 parts of aqueous polyurethane emulsion to be similar to that of 87.75 parts of aqueous chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.2 parts of NP-10, 0.1 parts of disproportionated rosin and 1.7 parts of EDTA were added to a beaker in sequence. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain component A anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion.

[0037] Step 2. Preparation of component B cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0038] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected by weight to adjust the pH value of 12 parts of aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion to be similar to that of 75 parts of aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, 0.1 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of CaCl2, and 2.4 parts of aluminum ferric chloride were added to a beaker in sequence. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0039] The water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent of Example 1 is as follows before and after decontamination on the glass surface: Figure 2 As shown by Figure 2 It can be seen that the decontamination effect of this embodiment is excellent. In addition, the preparation method of this embodiment is simple and can be easily obtained whether it is small-scale production or large-scale production.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Step 1. Preparation of anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0042] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected according to weight to adjust the pH value of 19.5 parts of aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion to be similar to that of 78 parts of aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.2 parts of NP-10, 0.1 parts of disproportionated rosin and 1.7 parts of EDTA were added to a beaker in sequence. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain an anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component A.

[0043] Step 2. Preparation of cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0044] The same preparation method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Step 1. Preparation of anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0047] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected according to weight to adjust the pH value of 29.25 parts of aqueous polyurethane emulsion to be close to that of 68.25 parts of aqueous chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.2 parts of NP-10, 0.1 parts of disproportionated rosin and 1.7 parts of EDTA were added to the beaker in sequence. After stirring at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer, the material was filtered to obtain component A chloroprene rubber composite emulsion.

[0048] Step 2. Preparation of cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0049] The same preparation method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Step 1. Preparation of anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0052] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected according to weight to adjust the pH value of 19.5 parts of aqueous polyurethane emulsion to be close to that of 78 parts of aqueous chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.2 parts of NP-10, 0.1 parts of disproportionated rosin and 1.7 parts of EDTA were added to the beaker in sequence. After stirring at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer, the material was filtered to obtain component A chloroprene rubber composite emulsion.

[0053] Step 2. Preparation of cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0054] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected by weight to adjust the pH value of 12 parts of aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion to be similar to that of 75 parts of aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, 0.1 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of CrCl3 and 2.4 parts of aluminum ferric chloride were added to a beaker in sequence. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Step 1. Preparation of anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0057] 78 parts of aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, 19.5 parts of aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.2 parts of NP-10, 0.1 parts of disproportionated rosin, and 1.7 parts of EDTA were added to a beaker in order according to parts by weight. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain a chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component A.

[0058] Step 2. Preparation of cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0059] The same preparation method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] Step 1. Preparation of anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0062] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected according to weight to adjust the pH value of 19.5 parts of aqueous polyurethane emulsion to be close to that of 78 parts of aqueous chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion and 2 parts of EDTA were added to a beaker in sequence. After stirring at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer, the material was filtered to obtain component A chloroprene rubber composite emulsion.

[0063] Step 2. Preparation of cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0064] The same preparation method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] Step 1. Preparation of anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0067] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected according to weight to adjust the pH value of 19.5 parts of aqueous polyurethane emulsion to be similar to that of 78 parts of aqueous chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.2 parts of NP-10, 0.1 parts of disproportionated rosin and 1.7 parts of EDTA were added to a beaker in sequence. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain component A anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion.

[0068] Step 2. Preparation of cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion

[0069] 0.5 parts of ammonia water were selected according to weight to adjust the pH value of 12 parts of aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion to be similar to that of 75 parts of aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex. Aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, 0.1 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of NaCl and 2.4 parts of aluminum ferric chloride were added to a beaker in sequence. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 3 hours on a magnetic stirrer and then filtered to obtain a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion of component B.

[0070] The phenomenon of the two-component detergents of Comparative Example 3, Example 1 and Example 4 being sprayed on the substrate surface is as follows: Figure 3 As shown (from left to right are Comparative Example 3, Example 1 and Example 4), by Figure 3 It can be seen that in Comparative Example 1, after spraying the cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion, the detergent remained in a flowable state, while in Examples 1 and 4, after spraying the cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion, the detergent immediately demulsified to form a thin film. Performance testing was conducted on the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component fast-curing strippable detergents prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3. Mechanical properties were tested according to GB / T 1040.1-2006, and mechanical stability was tested according to GB / T 11175-2021. The curing test was conducted at 25°C and 60% humidity. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0071] Table 1 Detergent performance test

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from Table 1, the film-forming and curing time of the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component fast-curing strippable detergents obtained in Examples 1-4 is all within 5 hours, and the tensile strength can reach 2 to 7 MPa.

[0075] Example 1 tested the decontamination rate on glass, PMMA, 316 stainless steel, wood, and cement surfaces using a simulated cold state method. The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0076] Table 2 Decontamination performance test

[0077] substrate Glass PMMA 316 stainless steel board cement Decontamination rate (%) 99.41 99.41 99.54 99.25 99.22

[0078] As can be seen from Table 2, the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component fast-curing strippable detergent of the present invention has a good decontamination rate of more than 99%.

[0079] The present invention adopts an anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component A and a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component B, and promotes the formation of a water-based fast-curing peelable decontamination film by inducing demulsification. Due to the wide operating temperature range and good mechanical properties of chloroprene rubber, and the fast curing speed and low film-forming temperature of polyurethane, the two polymer materials are fused together to overcome some performance defects of the materials themselves. The two-component peelable detergent of the present invention can achieve the effect of film formation within 60 seconds and complete curing within 2 hours, and is less affected by the ambient temperature and humidity, thereby improving the problem of long film-forming and curing time of single-component detergents. At the same time, the film body has good mechanical properties after film formation; the preparation steps are simple, the film has good adhesion to the contaminated surface, and the radioactive nuclide contamination can be well complexed to achieve the purpose of removing radioactive nuclides.

[0080] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent, characterized in that: The two-component strippable detergent uses an anionic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component A and a cationic chloroprene rubber composite emulsion as component B. Components A and B include, by weight: Component A includes: 66-90 parts of aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex, 9-37 parts of aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion, 0.5 parts of pH regulator, 0.3 parts of emulsifier, and 0-2 parts of complex; Component B includes: 60-84 parts of aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex, 5-33 parts of aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion, 0.5 parts of pH regulator, 0.1 parts of emulsifier, 5-20 parts of inorganic salt containing metal cations, and 0-3 parts of aluminum ferric chloride; The water-based cationic chloroprene rubber latex is CR-50LK produced by Shanxi Shanna Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd., and the water-based cationic polyurethane emulsion is TY-716 produced by Jining Tangyi Chemical Co., Ltd. After spraying the above-mentioned two-component peelable detergent on the contaminated surface, a pollutant-embedded film is formed after curing, and the film is peeled off to achieve decontamination; the curing time is as short as 2 to 5 hours, and the tensile strength of the cured film is 3 to 9 MPa.

2. The water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum film-forming temperature of the aqueous anionic chloroprene rubber latex and aqueous anionic polyurethane emulsion or the aqueous cationic chloroprene rubber latex and aqueous cationic polyurethane emulsion is not higher than 25°C.

3. The water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH regulator is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, glutamic acid aqueous solution and ammonia water; the emulsifier is one or more of OP-10, disproportionated rosin, NP-10, AES, polyvinyl alcohol solution and polyacrylamide.

4. The water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salt containing metal cations is one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ferric chloride, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride and chromium chloride.

5. Use of the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on a surface contaminated with radionuclides.

6. A method for using the water-based chloroprene rubber-based two-component strippable detergent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Component A and component B are sprayed onto the surface contaminated by radioactive nuclides in sequence or simultaneously, and then peeled off after the film is solidified.

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