Long-acting disinfecting high-density composite for water body and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection, and its preparation method, relating to the field of aquaculture technology. The high-density composite is prepared from the following raw materials: a premixed additive, potassium persulfate, sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, bentonite powder, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent, purified water, and molasses. This invention also discloses a method for preparing the high-density composite. The high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection of this invention has advantages such as long duration of slow-release bottom improvement, good stability, simple preparation method, low production cost, and ease of large-scale production. It fills the gap in slow-release bottom improvement products and solves the problems of current slow-release bottom improvement technologies, such as difficulty in controlling the slow-release rate, complex preparation methods, high production costs, and difficulty in large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically relating to a high-density composite for long-term water bottom improvement and disinfection and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Pond aquaculture is a major production method for ensuring stable production and supply of aquatic products in my country. High-density intensive aquaculture can significantly increase the yield of aquatic products. For high-density aquaculture to succeed, the quality of the pond bottom environment is a crucial factor. The pond bottom serves as a temporary storage point for uneaten feed, chemical reagent residues, etc., and can become a secondary source of toxic and harmful substances. If the pond bottom is not properly disinfected, these toxic and harmful substances are highly likely to re-enter the water body under the influence of high temperatures and water flow, harming farmed organisms. Maintaining a good pond bottom environment over a long period is extremely challenging due to limitations imposed by human farming practices, environmental conditions, the characteristics of aquaculture waste, and the time-sensitive nature of functional substances in pond bottom disinfection products. Modern technology has developed various technologies for improving the bottom sediment of aquaculture water bodies, such as chemical reagent improvement technology. This technology introduces high-quality and efficient chemical reagents to regulate the concentration of toxic and harmful substances in the bottom sediment, transforming them into other non-toxic substances to ensure the safety and stability of the ecosystem.

[0003] However, new harmful substances continuously accumulate at the bottom of aquaculture ponds. Adding functional chemical reagents only provides short-term effectiveness and cannot achieve long-term sustained results. Maintaining the concentration of functional substances within an effective range for extended periods is challenging. Therefore, there is a need for a product that can slowly release functional substances from the pond bottom, maintaining a certain effective concentration over the long term to stably and continuously regulate the bottom sediment environment, thereby ensuring a healthy aquaculture water environment. Currently, there are relatively few mature products on the global market using slow-release bottom improvement technology, and these products face technical challenges such as difficulty in controlling the slow-release rate, complex preparation methods, high production costs, and difficulty in large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this invention provides a high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection, along with its preparation method. This high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection possesses advantages such as long duration of sustained-release bottom improvement, good stability, simple preparation method, low production cost, and ease of large-scale production. It fills the gap in sustained-release bottom improvement products and solves problems such as difficulty in controlling the sustained-release rate, complex preparation methods, high production costs, and difficulty in large-scale production in current sustained-release bottom improvement technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a high-density composite material for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection is provided, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of premixed small material, 12-18 parts of potassium persulfate, 20-25 parts of sodium chloride, 1-3 parts of gelatinized starch, 12-15 parts of bentonite powder, 15-20 parts of attapulgite, 3-7 parts of cement, 9-13 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 2-5 parts of purified water, and 3-6 parts of molasses.

[0006] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: The main functional components of the high-density composite for long-term water bottom improvement and disinfection in this invention are potassium persulfate and calcium carbonate. Potassium persulfate has extremely strong water solubility and corrosiveness. Because it provides a highly effective non-chlorinated oxidation potential and microbial efficacy, it is widely used in industrial production and disinfection fields. It also has the characteristics of good storage stability and safe and convenient use. Calcium carbonate can consume the generated hydrogen ions, thereby adjusting the pH, and also acts as a binder. This invention mixes the functional substances with bentonite powder, attapulgite, titanate coupling agent, and cement, etc., and binds them into a composite structure. Sodium chloride serves as the primary carrier, mainly regulating the release rate. Attapulgite exhibits viscosity and plasticity when wet, shrinks minimally after drying, and does not crack. As a porous carrier, it also assists in regulating the slow-release rate, adjusting osmotic pressure, and releasing minerals. Bentonite can exist in both dense block and loose soil form; small blocks expand in volume upon adding water, gradually dissolving in water through the composite to achieve long-term slow release of functional substances. Gelatinized starch, cement, and titanate coupling agent act as binders, providing adhesion. This invention's high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection can maintain the concentration of bottom-improving and disinfecting agents in the water for an extended period, thereby improving water quality and achieving the goal of disease prevention.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-density composite material for long-term water body bottom improvement and disinfection is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of premixed small material, 15 parts of potassium persulfate, 23 parts of sodium chloride, 2 parts of gelatinized starch, 13 parts of bentonite powder, 18 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of cement, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 4 parts of purified water, and 5 parts of molasses.

[0008] Furthermore, the premixed additives include the following components by weight: 1-3 parts peracetic acid, 1-5 parts dicalcium phosphate, 45-55 parts trace element premix, and 40-45 parts binder.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting further technical solutions are: dicalcium phosphate and peracetic acid, as auxiliary functional substances, enhance the water bottom improvement and disinfection effects; trace element premix is ​​used to regulate the mineral content of the water and enhance the fish's health; the adhesive has good adhesion in water and can form a three-dimensional network structure in the composite, thereby regularly releasing the bonded functional substances.

[0010] Furthermore, the trace element premix comprises the following components by weight: 2-4 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 20-26 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 33-40 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 18-21 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3-1.4 parts cobalt chloride, 1-2 parts sodium selenite, and 3-5 parts potassium iodide.

[0011] Furthermore, the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts dextrin, 7-10 parts α-starch, 4-6 parts anionic starch, 7-9 parts sodium cellulose, 50-60 parts bentonite, and 5-8 parts polyacrylol.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Mix the small premixed agent evenly, then mix it with potassium persulfate, sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, bentonite powder, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water, and add molasses to obtain a composite mixture.

[0014] (2) The composite mixture obtained in step (1) is placed into a mold and compressed under constant force to obtain a high-density composite for long-term water bottom improvement and disinfection.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (1), the mixing error is less than 5%.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (1), after the small premixed agent is mixed evenly, it is packaged into small bags, 1kg / bag.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (1), the molasses is added by spraying.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the further technical solution are: adding molasses by spraying makes it easier to mix the molasses evenly into the mixture, and at the same time has the function of regulating humidity. After spraying molasses, the humidity of the composite mixture is 3-4%.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (1), the composite mixture is packaged into small bags, 3.5-4.5 kg / bag.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (2), the pressure is first compressed for 3-5 seconds under a constant force of 4-5 MPa; then compressed for 18-22 seconds under a constant force of 15-17 MPa; and finally released for 2-4 seconds.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the mold height is 450-500mm.

[0022] Furthermore, in step (2), compression is performed at a temperature of 45-50°C.

[0023] Furthermore, the dimensions of the high-density composite material for long-term water bottom improvement and disinfection are 15cm×15cm×12cm.

[0024] Furthermore, the high-density composite material for long-term water bottom improvement and disinfection is first monitored for cracks using an automatic crack monitoring system; then the hardness is measured using a hardness tester, with a qualified standard of 11-13 MPa; and then it is sequentially sealed, packaged, and wrapped with film.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The high-density composite material for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection of this invention contains highly effective bottom improvement and disinfection ingredients, which has the advantage of strong efficacy. It can stably improve the bottom of aquaculture ponds, reduce the content of toxic and harmful substances in the bottom sediment, prevent the bottom of aquaculture ponds from becoming a secondary source of pollution, and prevent water quality deterioration.

[0027] 2. The high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection of this invention enhances the accuracy and timeliness of the application of bottom improvement and disinfection components, making it highly applicable. This invention can continuously release effective bottom improvement and disinfection components for 15-35 days and maintain an effective concentration, overcoming the short-term effects of traditional application methods. By slowly releasing bottom improvement and disinfection components, it improves water quality over the long term, achieving the goal of disease prevention.

[0028] 3. The preparation method of the present invention is low in cost, simple to operate, easy to prepare on a large scale, and has good application prospects. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A high-density composite material for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of premixed small material, 18 parts of potassium persulfate, 25 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of gelatinized starch, 15 parts of bentonite powder, 20 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of cement, 13 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 5 parts of purified water, and 6 parts of molasses.

[0031] The premixed additives consist of the following components by weight: 3 parts peracetic acid, 5 parts dicalcium phosphate, 55 parts trace element premix, and 45 parts binder.

[0032] The trace element premix consists of the following components by weight: 4 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 26 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 40 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 21 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.4 parts cobalt chloride, 2 parts sodium selenite, and 5 parts potassium iodide.

[0033] The binder consists of the following components by weight: 12 parts dextrin, 10 parts α-starch, 6 parts anionic starch, 9 parts sodium cellulose, 60 parts bentonite, and 8 parts polyacrylol.

[0034] The preparation method of this high-density composite for long-term water body bottom improvement and disinfection is as follows:

[0035] (1) Mix the small premixed agent evenly, and then mix it with potassium persulfate, sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, bentonite powder, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water. At the same time, spray molasses to obtain a composite mixture.

[0036] (2) The composite mixture obtained in step (1) is placed in a 500mm high mold, the temperature is controlled at 50℃, first compressed for 5s under a constant force of 5MPa, then compressed for 22s under a constant force of 17MPa, and finally released for 4s to obtain a high-density composite for long-term bottom improvement and disinfection of water.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A high-density composite material for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of premixed small material, 15 parts of potassium persulfate, 23 parts of sodium chloride, 2 parts of gelatinized starch, 13 parts of bentonite powder, 18 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of cement, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 4 parts of purified water and 5 parts of molasses.

[0039] The premixed additives consist of the following components by weight: 2 parts peracetic acid, 3 parts dicalcium phosphate, 50 parts trace element premix, and 43 parts binder;

[0040] The trace element premix consists of the following components by weight: 3 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 23 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 36 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 20 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1 part cobalt chloride, 1 part sodium selenite, and 4 parts potassium iodide.

[0041] The binder consists of the following components by weight: 11 parts dextrin, 8 parts α-starch, 5 parts anionic starch, 8 parts sodium cellulose, 55 parts bentonite, and 6 parts polyacrylol.

[0042] The preparation method of this high-density composite for long-term water body bottom improvement and disinfection is as follows:

[0043] (1) Mix the small premixed agent evenly, and then mix it with potassium persulfate, sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, bentonite powder, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water. At the same time, spray molasses to obtain a composite mixture.

[0044] (2) The composite mixture obtained in step (1) is placed in a 480mm high mold, the temperature is controlled at 48℃, first compressed for 4s under a constant force of 4.5Mpa, then compressed for 20s under a constant force of 16Mpa, and finally released for 3s to obtain a high-density composite for long-term bottom improvement and disinfection of water.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] A high-density composite material for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of premixed small material, 12 parts of potassium persulfate, 20 parts of sodium chloride, 1 part of gelatinized starch, 12 parts of bentonite powder, 15 parts of attapulgite, 3 parts of cement, 9 parts of calcium carbonate, 1 part of titanate coupling agent, 2 parts of purified water and 3 parts of molasses.

[0047] The premixed additives consist of the following components by weight: 1 part peracetic acid, 1 part dicalcium phosphate, 45 parts trace element premix, and 40 parts binder.

[0048] The trace element premix consists of the following components by weight: 2 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 20 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 33 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 18 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3 parts cobalt chloride, 1 part sodium selenite, and 3 parts potassium iodide.

[0049] The binder consists of the following components by weight: 10 parts dextrin, 7 parts α-starch, 4 parts anionic starch, 7 parts sodium cellulose, 50 parts bentonite, and 5 parts polyacrylol.

[0050] The preparation method of this high-density composite for long-term water body bottom improvement and disinfection is as follows:

[0051] (1) Mix the small premixed agent evenly, and then mix it with potassium persulfate, sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, bentonite powder, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water. At the same time, spray molasses to obtain a composite mixture.

[0052] (2) The composite mixture obtained in step (1) is placed in a 450mm high mold, the temperature is controlled at 45℃, first compressed for 3s under a constant force of 4Mpa, then compressed for 18s under a constant force of 15Mpa, and finally the pressure is released for 2s to obtain a high-density composite for long-term bottom improvement and disinfection of water.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] A water body bottom improvement and disinfection composite, which does not contain bentonite powder, contains 31 parts of attapulgite, and the remaining components are the same as in Example 2.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] A water body bottom improvement and disinfection composite, which does not contain attapulgite, contains 31 parts of bentonite powder, and the remaining components are the same as in Example 2.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] A water bottom improvement and disinfection composite, which does not contain attapulgite, contains 41 parts of sodium chloride, and the remaining components are the same as in Example 2.

[0059] Comparative Example 4

[0060] A water body bottom improvement and disinfection composite, consisting of 30 parts potassium persulfate, with the remaining components being the same as in Example 2.

[0061] Experimental Example 1

[0062] The high-density composite for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection prepared in Examples 1-3 and the composite for water bottom improvement and disinfection prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 were placed in a water tank. The changes in the quality of the bottom improvement and disinfection products and the changes in the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content in the water tank were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0063]

[0064] As shown in Table 1, Comparative Example 1 lacked bentonite powder as a binder, resulting in a product with cracks and poor shape; Comparative Examples 2 and 3 lacked attapulgite, leading to faster product decomposition and failure to achieve long-term sustained release; Comparative Example 4 had an excessively high proportion of functional components and poor proportions between components, resulting in a product with cracks and poor shape; The high-density composites for long-term bottom improvement and disinfection of water prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention sustained sustained release for 33, 31, and 29 days, respectively, and due to the long-term sustained release of functional substances, the reduction in harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water was better than that in the comparative examples.

[0065] In summary, the high-density composite material for long-lasting water bottom improvement and disinfection of this invention can continuously release effective bottom improvement and disinfection components within 15-35 days, overcoming the short-term effects of traditional application methods. By slowly releasing bottom improvement and disinfection components, it reduces the content of toxic and harmful substances in the bottom sediment, preventing the bottom of aquaculture ponds from becoming a secondary source of pollution and causing water quality deterioration.

[0066] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive effort within the scope described in the claims still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A long-lasting, bottom-modifying, disinfecting, high-density complex for water bodies, characterized by that, The following raw materials by weight are used: 3-4 parts of small material premix, 12-18 parts of potassium hydrogen persulfate, 20-25 parts of sodium chloride, 1-3 parts of gelatinized starch, 12-15 parts of bentonite powder, 15-20 parts of attapulgite, 3-7 parts of cement, 9-13 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 2-5 parts of purified water, and 3-6 parts of molasses; The small material premix comprises the following components by weight: 1-3 parts of peroxyacetic acid, 1-5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 45-55 parts of trace element premix, and 40-45 parts of binder; The binder comprises the following components by weight: 10-12 parts of dextrin, 7-10 parts of alpha starch, 4-6 parts of anionic starch, 7-9 parts of sodium cellulose, 50-60 parts of bentonite, and 5-8 parts of polypropylene glycol.

2. The long-term, high-density complex for disinfecting the bottom of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following raw materials by weight are used: 3 parts of small material premix, 15 parts of potassium hydrogen persulfate, 23 parts of sodium chloride, 2 parts of gelatinized starch, 13 parts of bentonite powder, 18 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of cement, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 4 parts of purified water, and 5 parts of molasses.

3. The long-term, high-density complex for disinfecting the bottom of a water body according to claim 1, wherein The trace element premix comprises the following components by weight: 2-4 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 20-26 parts of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 33-40 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 18-21 parts of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3-1.4 parts of cobalt chloride, 1-2 parts of sodium selenite, and 3-5 parts of potassium iodide.

4. The method of producing a long-lasting, high-density complex for disinfecting the bottom of water bodies according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The following steps are included: (1) The small material premix is mixed uniformly, and then mixed with potassium hydrogen persulfate, sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, bentonite powder, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent, and purified water, and molasses is added to obtain a composite mixture; (2) The composite mixture obtained in step (1) is placed in a mold and compressed under a constant force to obtain a high-density composite for long-acting bottom improvement and disinfection of water bodies.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the water body long-term remediation and disinfection of the high-density complex is prepared by, In step (1), the molasses is added by spraying.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the water body long-term remediation and disinfection of the high-density complex is prepared by, In step (2), first, compression is performed under a constant force of 4-5 Mpa for 3-5 s; then compression is performed under a constant force of 15-17 Mpa for 18-22 s; finally, the pressure is released for 2-4 s.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the water body long-term remediation and disinfection of the high-density complex is prepared by, In step (2), the compression is performed at a temperature of 45-50°C.

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