A method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of rocky desertification environment improvement technology, specifically to a method for intensive rocky desertification control using agroforestry, comprising: (1) measuring the depth of soil in rock fissures, and (2) measuring the height and continuous area of ​​exposed rocks. This invention first measures the depth of soil in rock fissures, then, based on the soil depth and local natural, socio-economic conditions, configures appropriate woody plants in the fissure soil. Next, based on the height of exposed rocks between fissures and the area of ​​the entire rock mass, it determines the configuration of crops, vines, and herbaceous plants in the rock-soil interface fissure soil, improving fissure soil fertility, increasing soil and water conservation benefits, promoting the rate of rock weathering into soil, and fully utilizing exposed rocks to increase farmers' economic income.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rocky desertification environment improvement technology, specifically to a method for mixed agroforestry configuration in intensive rocky desertification control. Background Technology

[0002] Guizhou Province is one of the world's most typical regions in terms of karst landform development. The province has a total of 2.47 million hectares of rocky desertification land, making it the province with the largest area, most diverse types, deepest degree, and most severe damage from rocky desertification in China. How to control rocky desertification is a current challenge for the region's development. The main approaches are forest and grassland vegetation protection, improved vegetation structure, a significant increase in wildlife populations, effective restoration of biodiversity, and significantly enhanced ecological functions of vegetation, such as water conservation, carbon sequestration, oxygen release, and air purification. Simultaneously, the development of understory economy has increased farmers' income.

[0003] However, due to the harsh soil environment in rocky desertification areas, even with long-term maintenance of surface vegetation, the problems of low soil activity and weak water and fertilizer retention capacity cannot be solved, resulting in limited growth of surface crops. Therefore, how to improve soil activity in rocky desertification areas is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a method for intensive agroforestry management in rocky desertification control, aiming to improve soil activity, maintain surface vegetation, and increase planting benefits in rocky desertification areas. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification includes:

[0006] (1) Measuring the depth of rock fissures and soil

[0007] When the soil fissure depth exceeds 100cm, walnut trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil fissure depth is greater than 50cm but less than 100cm, loquat trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil fissure depth is greater than 20cm but less than 50cm, Sichuan pepper trees are planted in the rock fissures; and when the soil fissure depth is less than 20cm, pasture plants are planted in the rock fissures.

[0008] When planting the above-mentioned tree plants, in-situ deep loosening and hole sowing are adopted. In the early stage of planting, biological film is used to cover the cracks to prevent soil erosion and improve the survival rate of plants. After the plants grow, green manure plants are gradually planted to improve soil fertility. In the later stage, vines are planted under the large trees to increase the ground cover and land use efficiency.

[0009] (2) Measure the height and continuous area of ​​the exposed rock.

[0010] a. When the height of the exposed rock is less than 50cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 2㎡, the soil in the fissures around the rock should be deep-loosened in situ, and nitrogen-fixing crops should be planted in fish-scale pits to increase soil fertility. During the wet season, moss plants should be cultivated on the exposed rock using the moss-covering method, and the dead branches and leaves of plants and crops should be covered on the rock surface to increase the rock weathering rate. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 2㎡ but less than 6㎡, cacti should be planted on the rock and moss plants should be cultivated. Dragon fruit should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 6㎡, honeysuckle should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock.

[0011] b. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 50 cm but less than 150 cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6 m², plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6 m², plant economic vines; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0012] The economic vines mentioned are any one or more of honeysuckle and Akebia trifoliata;

[0013] c. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 150cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6㎡, plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6㎡, plant honeysuckle; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0014] d. After the tree plants grow up, plant Akebia trifoliata vines to ensure that they climb along the tree plants, increasing ground cover and land use efficiency. The fruits of Akebia trifoliata also increase farmers' economic income.

[0015] Before cultivating bryophytes on exposed rocks, a silicate culture is sprayed on the surface. The silicate culture is prepared as follows: by weight, 20-30 parts potato, 3-5 parts sucrose, 10-20 parts citrus pulp, and 2000-2500 parts water are mixed and boiled for 13-15 minutes. The potato is stirred to break it up completely. Then, 1-2 parts potassium nitrate, 2-3 parts ammonium phosphate, and 3-5 parts pectin are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. Then, 2-3 parts silicate bacteria and 1-2 parts Bacillus subtilis are added and mixed evenly. The application method is as follows: the silicate culture is sprayed onto the rock surface to form a 2-3 mm thick coating. After waiting for 1-2 minutes, the bryophytes are placed on the surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the forage plant is Napier grass.

[0017] Furthermore, the green manure plant is white clover.

[0018] Furthermore, the tall, high-quality forage grass is one or more of Napier grass and sweet elephant grass.

[0019] Furthermore, during the hole-sowing process, a slow-release fertilizer substrate is placed under the roots of the tree.

[0020] Furthermore, the preparation method of the slow-release fertilizer matrix is ​​as follows: by weight, 33-66 parts of tree leaves, 20-30 parts of bamboo leaves, 50-80 parts of sugarcane leaves, and 13-15 parts of sorghum stalks are mixed, baled into blocks using a baler, and placed on a cement floor to dry. Daily spraying with biogas slurry diluted 3000 times, the spraying amount being 13-17% of the block weight, is carried out for 2-3 weeks. The blocks are then placed in a fermentation tank, and the surface is covered with green manure, the amount of which is 10-15 times the block weight. The green manure is fermented for 15-20 days, allowing the fermentation liquid to fully contact the blocks. The blocks are then removed, cut into strips, and 300-350g is applied to each tree.

[0021] Furthermore, the green manure is mixed evenly with compound fertilizer before fermentation.

[0022] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer is composed of potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, and other components mixed in equal mass ratios; the amount of compound fertilizer used is 4-6% of the mass of green manure.

[0023] Furthermore, the nitrogen-fixing crop is any one or more of peanuts and soybeans.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] This invention discloses a method for integrated agroforestry in the treatment of rocky desertification. First, the depth of soil in rock fissures is measured. Based on the soil depth and local natural, socio-economic conditions, appropriate woody plants are planted in the fissure soil. Then, the configuration of crops, vines, and herbaceous plants at the rock-soil interface is determined based on the height of exposed rock in the fissures and the area of ​​the entire rock mass. After the trees mature, economically beneficial vines are planted to climb along with the trees. This gradually transforms the rocky desertification landscape into a visually appealing integrated agroforestry ecosystem of trees, shrubs, vines, and grasses, improving the fertility of the fissure soil, increasing soil and water conservation benefits, accelerating the rate of rock weathering and soil formation, and fully utilizing exposed rock to increase farmers' economic income.

[0026] This invention improves soil activity and promotes the release of mineral ions in the soil by strategically placing crops in rocks and soil, thereby increasing soil fertility, promoting crop growth, effectively improving soil space utilization in karst areas, and increasing overall land benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further defined below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection is not limited to the description made.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification includes:

[0030] (1) Measuring the depth of rock fissures and soil

[0031] When the soil depth in the fissures exceeds 100cm, walnut trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil depth in the fissures is greater than 50cm but less than 100cm, loquat trees are planted; when the soil depth in the fissures is greater than 20cm but less than 50cm, Sichuan pepper trees are planted; and when the soil depth in the fissures is less than 20cm, pasture plants are planted; the pasture plants are Napier grass.

[0032] When planting the aforementioned tree plants, in-situ deep loosening and hole-planting are adopted. In the early stage of planting, biological film is used to cover the cracks to prevent soil erosion and improve the survival rate of plants. After the plants grow, green manure plants are gradually planted to improve soil fertility, and later, tall, high-quality forage grasses are gradually introduced. The green manure plant is white clover; the tall, high-quality forage grass is Napier grass; when planting in holes, a slow-release fertilizer substrate is placed under the roots of the trees.

[0033] The preparation method of the slow-release fertilizer substrate is as follows: Mix 33 parts by weight of tree leaves, 20 parts by weight of bamboo leaves, 50 parts by weight of sugarcane leaves, and 13 parts by weight of sorghum stalks. Bundle the mixture into blocks using a baler, place them on a cement floor to dry, and spray them daily with a 3000-fold diluted biogas slurry solution, at a rate of 13% of the block weight. Continue drying for two weeks. Then, place the blocks in a fermentation tank, cover the surface with green manure (10 times the weight of the blocks), and ferment the green manure for 15 days, ensuring the fermentation liquid fully contacts the blocks. Remove the blocks, cut them into strips, and apply 300g to each tree. Before fermentation, the green manure is mixed evenly with compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is a mixture of potassium nitrate and potassium phosphate in equal mass ratios. The amount of compound fertilizer used is 4% of the green manure mass.

[0034] (2) Measure the height and continuous area of ​​the exposed rock.

[0035] a. When the height of the exposed rock is less than 50cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 2㎡, the soil in the fissures around the rock should be deep-loosened in situ, and nitrogen-fixing crops should be planted in fish-scale pits to increase soil fertility. During the wet season, moss plants should be cultivated on the exposed rock using the moss-covering method, and the dead branches and leaves of plants and crops should be covered on the rock surface to increase the rock weathering rate. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 2㎡ but less than 6㎡, cacti should be planted on the rock and moss plants should be cultivated. Dragon fruit should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 6㎡, honeysuckle should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock.

[0036] The nitrogen-fixing crops are peanuts and soybeans intercropped in equal areas;

[0037] b. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 50 cm but less than 150 cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6 m², plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6 m², plant economic vines; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0038] The economic vine plant in question is Akebia trifoliata;

[0039] c. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 150cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6㎡, plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6㎡, plant honeysuckle; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0040] d. After the tree plants grow up, plant Akebia trifoliata vines to ensure that they climb along the tree plants;

[0041] Before cultivating bryophytes on the exposed rocks, a silicate culture is sprayed on the surface. The silicate culture is prepared as follows: by weight, 20 parts potato, 3 parts sucrose, 10 parts citrus pulp, and 2000 parts water are mixed and boiled for 13 minutes. The potato is stirred to break it up completely. Then, 1 part potassium nitrate, 2 parts ammonium phosphate, and 3 parts pectin are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. Finally, 2 parts silicate bacteria and 1 part Bacillus subtilis are added and mixed evenly. The method of application is as follows: the silicate culture is sprayed onto the rock surface to form a 2 mm thick coating. After waiting for 1 minute, the bryophytes are placed on the surface.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification includes:

[0044] (1) Measuring the depth of rock fissures and soil

[0045] When the soil depth in the fissures exceeds 100cm, walnut trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil depth in the fissures is greater than 50cm but less than 100cm, loquat trees are planted; when the soil depth in the fissures is greater than 20cm but less than 50cm, Sichuan pepper trees are planted; and when the soil depth in the fissures is less than 20cm, pasture plants are planted; the pasture plants are Napier grass.

[0046] When planting the aforementioned tree plants, in-situ deep loosening and hole-planting are adopted. In the early stage of planting, biological film is used to cover the cracks to prevent soil erosion and improve the survival rate of plants. After the plants grow, green manure plants are gradually planted to improve soil fertility, and later, tall, high-quality forage grasses are gradually introduced. The green manure plant is white clover; the tall, high-quality forage grass is sweet elephant grass; when planting in holes, a slow-release fertilizer substrate is placed under the roots of the trees.

[0047] The preparation method of the slow-release fertilizer substrate is as follows: Mix 66 parts by weight of tree leaves, 30 parts by weight of bamboo leaves, 80 parts by weight of sugarcane leaves, and 15 parts by weight of sorghum stalks. Bundle the mixture into blocks using a baler, place them on a cement floor to dry, and spray them daily with a 3000-fold diluted biogas slurry solution, at a rate of 17% of the block weight. Continue drying for 3 weeks. Then, place the blocks in a fermentation tank, cover the surface with green manure (15 times the weight of the blocks), and ferment the green manure for 20 days, ensuring the fermentation liquid fully contacts the blocks. Remove the blocks, cut them into strips, and apply 350g to each tree. Before fermentation, the green manure is mixed evenly with compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is a mixture of potassium nitrate and potassium phosphate in equal mass ratios. The amount of compound fertilizer used is 6% of the green manure mass.

[0048] (2) Measure the height and continuous area of ​​the exposed rock.

[0049] a. When the height of the exposed rock is less than 50cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 2㎡, the soil in the fissures around the rock should be deep-loosened in situ, and nitrogen-fixing crops should be planted in fish-scale pits to increase soil fertility. During the wet season, moss plants should be cultivated on the exposed rock using the moss-covering method, and the dead branches and leaves of plants and crops should be covered on the rock surface to increase the rock weathering rate. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 2㎡ but less than 6㎡, cacti should be planted on the rock and moss plants should be cultivated. Dragon fruit should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 6㎡, honeysuckle should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock.

[0050] The nitrogen-fixing crop is soybean;

[0051] b. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 50 cm but less than 150 cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6 m², plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6 m², plant economic vines; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0052] The economic vine plant in question is honeysuckle;

[0053] c. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 150cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6㎡, plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6㎡, plant honeysuckle; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0054] d. After the tree plants grow up, plant Akebia trifoliata vines to ensure that they climb along the tree plants;

[0055] Before cultivating bryophytes on exposed rocks, a silicate culture is sprayed on the surface. The silicate culture is prepared as follows: by weight, 30 parts potato, 3 parts sucrose, 10-20 parts citrus pulp, and 2500 parts water are mixed and boiled for 13 minutes. The potato is stirred to break it up completely. Then, 2 parts potassium nitrate, 2 parts ammonium phosphate, and 5 parts pectin are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. Finally, 2 parts silicate bacteria and 2 parts Bacillus subtilis are added and mixed evenly. The method of application is as follows: the silicate culture is sprayed onto the rock surface to form a 3mm thick coating. After waiting for 1 minute, the bryophytes are placed on the surface.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] A method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification includes:

[0058] (1) Measuring the depth of rock fissures and soil

[0059] When the soil depth in the fissures exceeds 100cm, walnut trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil depth in the fissures is greater than 50cm but less than 100cm, loquat trees are planted; when the soil depth in the fissures is greater than 20cm but less than 50cm, Sichuan pepper trees are planted; and when the soil depth in the fissures is less than 20cm, pasture plants are planted; the pasture plants are Napier grass.

[0060] When planting the aforementioned tree plants, in-situ deep loosening and hole-planting are adopted. In the early stage of planting, biological film is used to cover the cracks to prevent soil erosion and improve the survival rate of plants. After the plants grow, green manure plants are gradually planted to improve soil fertility, and later, tall, high-quality forage grasses are gradually introduced. The green manure plant is white clover; the tall, high-quality forage grass is one or more of Napier grass and sweet elephant grass. When planting in holes, a slow-release fertilizer substrate is placed under the roots of the tree.

[0061] The method for preparing the slow-release fertilizer substrate is as follows: Mix 46 parts by weight of tree leaves, 26 parts by weight of bamboo leaves, 67 parts by weight of sugarcane leaves, and 14 parts by weight of sorghum stalks. Bundle the mixture into blocks using a baler, place them on a cement floor to dry, and spray daily with a 3000-fold diluted biogas slurry, at a rate of 15% of the block weight. Continue drying for 3 weeks. Then, place the blocks in a fermentation tank, cover the surface with green manure (10 times the weight of the blocks), and ferment the green manure for 20 days, ensuring the fermentation liquid fully contacts the blocks. Remove the blocks, cut them into strips, and apply 350g to each tree. Before fermentation, the green manure is thoroughly mixed with compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is a mixture of potassium nitrate and potassium phosphate in equal mass ratios. The amount of compound fertilizer used is 6% of the green manure mass.

[0062] (2) Measure the height and continuous area of ​​the exposed rock.

[0063] a. When the height of the exposed rock is less than 50cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 2㎡, the soil in the fissures around the rock should be deep-loosened in situ, and nitrogen-fixing crops should be planted in fish-scale pits to increase soil fertility. During the wet season, moss plants should be cultivated on the exposed rock using the moss-covering method, and the dead branches and leaves of plants and crops should be covered on the rock surface to increase the rock weathering rate. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 2㎡ but less than 6㎡, cacti should be planted on the rock and moss plants should be cultivated. Dragon fruit should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock. When the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is greater than 6㎡, honeysuckle should be planted on the fissures of the soil-rock interface around the rock.

[0064] The nitrogen-fixing crop is peanut;

[0065] b. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 50 cm but less than 150 cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6 m², plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6 m², plant economic vines; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0066] The economic vines mentioned are any one or more of honeysuckle and Akebia trifoliata;

[0067] c. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 150cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6㎡, plant dragon fruit in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; when the continuous area is greater than 6㎡, plant honeysuckle; at the same time, plant cacti on the rock and cultivate mosses.

[0068] d. After the tree plants grow up, plant Akebia trifoliata vines to ensure that they climb along the tree plants;

[0069] Before cultivating bryophytes on the exposed rocks, a silicate culture is sprayed on the surface. The silicate culture is prepared as follows: by weight, 30 parts potato, 3 parts sucrose, 20 parts citrus pulp, and 2000 parts water are mixed and boiled for 15 minutes. The potato is stirred to break it up completely. Then, 1 part potassium nitrate, 3 parts ammonium phosphate, and 5 parts pectin are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. Finally, 2 parts silicate bacteria and 2 parts Bacillus subtilis are added and mixed evenly. The method of application is as follows: the silicate culture is sprayed onto the rock surface to form a 2 mm thick coating. After waiting for 2 minutes, the bryophytes are placed on the surface.

[0070] Test case

[0071] 1. Experimental design for comparing the effects of this invention:

[0072] Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that no moss was cultivated on the rock surface;

[0073] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the slow-release fertilizer substrate is replaced with an equal mass of manure.

[0074] Experimental Example

[0075] In the karst region of Qianxinan Prefecture, Guizhou Province, plantations at an altitude of 800-1000m were selected. These plantations contained exposed bedrock with varying thicknesses of planting soil. Planting areas were divided according to Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, with no significant differences between the groups. Water, fertilizer, and pesticide management were uniformly implemented during planting. Eight months after planting, soil organic carbon and total phosphorus content were tested monthly for three consecutive months, recorded as Test 1-3. Soil organic carbon content was determined using the potassium dichromate oxidation-external heating method, and total phosphorus content was determined using the NaOH fusion-molybdenum antimony colorimetric-ultraviolet spectrophotometric method. The determination of active organic carbon content, primarily soluble organic carbon, involved extraction with K₂SO₄ solution and measurement using an organic carbon analyzer.

[0076] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1. Soil organic carbon and total phosphorus detection

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] As can be seen from the table, the areas using the method of this invention, after planting and management, had higher soluble organic carbon content and significantly higher total phosphorus content than Comparative Examples 1-2. Furthermore, based on continuous monitoring results, Examples 1-3 of this invention generally maintained a high level, with only slight increases. However, Comparative Example 2 showed a decreasing trend in soluble organic carbon and total phosphorus, while Comparative Example 1 showed no significant difference in soluble organic carbon, but a clear decreasing trend in total phosphorus. Clearly, the method of this invention effectively promotes the transformation of organic and inorganic matter in the soil, resulting in significant effects on soil fertility.

[0081] Ten months after planting and management, soil samples were taken to detect the activities of sucrase and amylase. The activities of both sucrase and amylase were determined using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method. Sucrase activity was expressed as the mass of glucose produced per gram of soil per hour (mg) after 24 hours of incubation at 30℃, and amylase activity was expressed as the mass of maltose produced per gram of soil per hour (mg) after 24 hours of incubation at 30℃. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2 Soil enzyme activity detection

[0083] Sucrase mg / g amylase mg / g Example 1 18.45 16.33 Example 2 15.26 14.21 Example 3 17.89 15.86 Comparative Example 1 14.44 13.78 Comparative Example 2 9.59 11.80

[0084] As can be seen from the table, the soils of Examples 1-3 using the method of the present invention have higher enzyme activity, Comparative Example 1 has no significant effect on the soil, and the soil activity in Comparative Example 2 is significantly reduced. Combined with the previous total phosphorus detection, it can be seen that moss mainly has a significant effect on soil minerals.

[0085] After harvesting Napier grass, the phosphorus and calcium contents in the Napier grass were tested. The calcium content was determined by EDTA titration (GB / T13885—2017 "Determination of Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Potassium, Sodium and Zinc Content in Feed - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry"), and the phosphorus content was determined by molybdenum yellow colorimetric method (GB / T13079-2006 "Determination of Total Phosphorus in Feed - Spectrophotometric Method"). The results are shown in Table 3.

[0086] Table 3. Phosphorus and Calcium Detection in Napier Grass

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] As can be seen from the table, after using the method of the present invention, the phosphorus and calcium content of Napier grass in Examples 1-3 was significantly increased, while the calcium and phosphorus content of Napier grass in Comparative Examples 1-2 was relatively low. This is mainly because the moss was cultivated on the rock surface. The decomposition effect of the moss can significantly promote the decomposition of mineral ions on the rock surface, which are then leached into the soil by rainwater. The hygroscopic effect of the slow-release fertilizer substrate promotes crop absorption of fertilizer.

[0090] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions, specific embodiments, and experiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification, characterized in that, include: (1) Measuring the depth of soil in rock fissures When the soil fissure depth exceeds 100cm, walnut trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil fissure depth is greater than 50cm but less than 100cm, loquat trees are planted in the rock fissures; when the soil fissure depth is greater than 20cm but less than 50cm, Sichuan pepper trees are planted in the rock fissures; and when the soil fissure depth is less than 20cm, pasture plants are planted in the rock fissures. When planting arborescent plants, in-situ deep loosening and hole-sowing are adopted. In the early stage of planting, biological film is used to cover the cracks. After the plants grow, green manure plants are gradually planted to improve soil fertility. In the later stage, tall and high-quality forage grasses are gradually introduced. In the later stage, vines are planted under the arborescent plants to increase the ground cover and land use efficiency. The arborescent plants mentioned are walnut and loquat trees. During the hole-planting process, a slow-release fertilizer substrate is placed under the roots of the tree plant. The slow-release fertilizer substrate is prepared as follows: 33-66 parts by weight of tree leaves, 20-30 parts by weight of bamboo leaves, 50-80 parts by weight of sugarcane leaves, and 13-15 parts by weight of sorghum stalks are mixed, baled into blocks using a baler, and placed on a cement floor to dry. Daily spraying with a 3000-fold diluted biogas slurry solution, at a rate of 13-17% of the block weight, is continued for 2-3 days. In the following steps, place the block-shaped material into a fermentation tank, cover the surface with green manure (10-15 times the weight of the block-shaped material), and ferment the green manure for 15-20 days, ensuring the fermentation liquid fully contacts the block-shaped material. Remove the block-shaped material, cut it into strips, and apply 300-350g to each tree. Before fermentation, the green manure should be thoroughly mixed with compound fertilizer, which is a mixture of potassium nitrate and potassium phosphate in equal mass ratios; the amount of compound fertilizer used should be 4-6% of the weight of the green manure. (2) Measure the height and continuous area of ​​the exposed rock. a. The height of the exposed rock is less than 50cm, and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 2... At that time, the soil in the fissures around the rocks was deep-loosened in situ, and nitrogen-fixing crops were planted in fish-scale pits. During the wet season, bryophytes were cultivated on the exposed rocks using the moss-covering method, while dead leaves and branches of plants and crops were covered on the rock surface; when the continuous area of ​​the exposed rocks was greater than 2... Less than 6 Cacti are planted on the rocks, and mosses are cultivated. Dragon fruit is planted in the fissure soil at the rock-soil interface around the rocks. When the continuous area of ​​exposed rock is greater than 6... At that time, honeysuckle was planted in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock. b. The height of exposed rock is greater than 50 cm but less than 150 cm, and the continuous area of ​​exposed rock is less than 6 cm. Dragon fruit is planted in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; the continuous area is greater than 6 At the same time, economic vines are planted; cacti are planted on the rocks, and mosses are cultivated. The economic vines mentioned are any one or more of honeysuckle and Akebia trifoliata; c. When the height of the exposed rock is greater than 150cm and the continuous area of ​​the exposed rock is less than 6... Dragon fruit is planted in the soil fissures at the rock-soil interface around the rock; the continuous area is greater than 6 At the same time, honeysuckle is planted; cacti are planted on the rocks, and mosses are cultivated. d. After the tree plants grow up, plant Akebia trifoliata vines to ensure that they climb along the tree plants; Before cultivating bryophytes on exposed rocks, a silicate culture is sprayed on the surface. The silicate culture is prepared as follows: by weight, 20-30 parts potato, 3-5 parts sucrose, 10-20 parts citrus pulp, and 2000-2500 parts water are mixed and boiled for 13-15 minutes. The potato is stirred to break it up completely. Then, 1-2 parts potassium nitrate, 2-3 parts ammonium phosphate, and 3-5 parts pectin are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. Then, 2-3 parts silicate bacteria and 1-2 parts Bacillus subtilis are added and mixed evenly. The application method is as follows: the silicate culture is sprayed onto the rock surface to form a 2-3 mm thick coating. After waiting for 1-2 minutes, the bryophytes are placed on the surface.

2. The method for mixed agroforestry configuration for intensive rocky desertification control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forage plant is Napier grass.

3. The method for mixed agroforestry configuration in the treatment of rocky desertification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The green manure plant is white clover.

4. The method for mixed agroforestry configuration for intensive rocky desertification control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tall, high-quality forage grass is one or more of Napier grass and sweet elephant grass.

5. The method for mixed agroforestry configuration for intensive rocky desertification control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen-fixing crops are any one or more of peanuts and soybeans.

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