An ozone circulation fumigation device and fumigation method for a grain depot

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of grain depot insecticidal and sterilization, and discloses a grain depot ozone circulation fumigation device and a fumigation method, which include a grain storage chamber, an air inlet unit, a circulation unit and a fixing unit. The air inlet unit is connected to the grain depot through the fixing unit. The circulation unit is located on the side of the grain depot away from the air inlet unit. The circulation unit is communicated with the air inlet unit through a return pipe. An ozone concentration sensor is arranged in the return pipe. The horizontal diffusion pipe of the air inlet unit is communicated with the grain storage chamber. A ventilation partition is arranged in the grain storage chamber. A plurality of air permeable holes are arranged on the ventilation partition. A return channel is formed between the ventilation partition and the side wall of the grain depot. With the above structure, the present invention can adjust the amount of ozone entering the grain storage chamber according to the grain storage amount, and can be flexibly applied to grain depots with different grain storage amounts and different sizes, which is safer and more environmentally friendly than traditional drug treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grain depot insecticidal and sterilization technology, and particularly to an ozone circulation fumigation device and a fumigation method for a grain depot. Background Art

[0002] During the storage process, grains are often invaded by molds, pests and other microorganisms, resulting in quality decline and even waste. Traditional control methods use chemical fumigants, such as phosphine, dichlorvos and methyl bromide, etc., to eliminate pests in the form of insecticides. However, long-term practice shows that the bactericidal effects of these methods will gradually weaken, and environmental pollution and chemical residues in grains will also be brought. In recent years, people have gradually turned to nitrogen gas conditioning and ozone circulation fumigation methods. These methods have the advantages of environmental protection and no chemical residues, and show good effects in insecticidal and bactericidal aspects. However, nitrogen gas conditioning for grain storage requires maintaining a high concentration of nitrogen and pressure for a long time, which is time-consuming and laborious to operate. Ozone circulation fumigation only needs to maintain a certain ozone concentration for a period of time to complete insecticidal and sterilization.

[0003] In the prior art, in patent CN107258247A, the concentration and pressure of nitrogen in the grain depot are maintained by a method of supplying nitrogen on one side and recycling on the other side. This invention can well perform nitrogen gas conditioning for grain storage, but it is not well applicable to the circulation fumigation with an ozone source. Nitrogen gas conditioning for grain storage essentially uses nitrogen to replace oxygen, reducing the chemical reaction between oxygen and moisture and microorganisms in grains and inhibiting the growth and reproduction of pests. Therefore, only by maintaining the nitrogen concentration and pressure in the grain depot within a certain range can the effect of insecticidal and sterilization be achieved. However, in this patent, there is only one nitrogen inlet in the main air pipe, and the main air pipe is relatively long and has several vertical branch air pipes, which will cause a larger pressure in the vertical branch air pipes near the nitrogen inlet and a smaller pressure in the vertical branch air pipes far from the nitrogen inlet. As a result, the nitrogen flow rate in the grain layer corresponding to the vertical branch air pipes with a larger pressure is larger, and vice versa for those with a smaller pressure. If this gas conditioning method is used for ozone circulation fumigation, it will lead to excessive oxidation of the stored grains at the place with a larger flow rate and insufficient oxidation of the stored grains at the place with a smaller flow rate.

[0004] There is a need to provide an ozone circulation fumigation device for an ozone circulation fumigation method to solve the problem in the prior art that the ozone amount cannot be adjusted according to the stored grain amount, and ozone overflows during circulation, resulting in ozone waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ozone circulation fumigation device and a fumigation method for a grain depot, which can adjust the ozone amount entering the grain storage cavity according to the stored grain amount, and has the characteristics of flexibility, simplicity, diverse functions, safety and high efficiency. When the ozone concentration rises to the target concentration, circulation treatment is carried out, and it can be flexibly applied to grain depots with different stored grain amounts and different sizes, and is safer and more environmentally friendly than traditional drug treatment.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a grain depot ozone circulation fumigation device, which includes a grain storage chamber, an air inlet unit, a circulation unit and a fixing unit. The air inlet unit is connected to the grain depot through the fixing unit. The circulation unit is located on one side of the grain depot away from the air inlet unit. The circulation unit is communicated with the air inlet unit through a return pipe, and an ozone concentration sensor is arranged in the return pipe;

[0007] The horizontal diffusion pipe of the air inlet unit is communicated with the grain storage chamber. A ventilation partition is arranged in the grain storage chamber. A plurality of air permeable holes are arranged on the ventilation partition. A return channel is formed between the ventilation partition and the side wall of the grain depot.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged on the horizontal diffusion pipe of the air inlet unit. The vertical diffusion pipe is communicated with the horizontal diffusion pipe through the mounting holes, and a plurality of ventilation holes communicated with the grain storage chamber are arranged on the vertical diffusion pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the ozone generator of the air inlet unit is communicated with the circulation fan through a first valve. The circulation fan is communicated with the air inlet pipe through a second valve, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the horizontal diffusion pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the negative pressure fan of the circulation unit is located at the top of the grain storage chamber. The negative pressure air inlet pipe of the negative pressure fan is communicated with the return channel. The negative pressure air outlet of the negative pressure fan is communicated with the circulation fan through a return pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing frame one of the fixing unit connects the horizontal diffusion pipe to the ground of the grain depot. The ventilation partition is connected to the side of the grain depot away from the horizontal diffusion pipe. The negative pressure fan is connected to the cover plate on the top of the ventilation partition.

[0012] Preferably, the return channel is communicated with the grain storage chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the cover plate is provided with a through hole communicated with a third valve. The other end of the third valve is communicated with the negative pressure fan. The return pipe communicated with the negative pressure fan is connected to the top of the grain depot through a fixing frame three. The return pipe is communicated with the circulation fan outside the grain depot.

[0014] Preferably, a fourth valve is arranged at intervals on the horizontal diffusion pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing film is arranged at the top of the grain storage chamber. A slope is arranged below the horizontal diffusion pipe, and the slope angle is 30-60°.

[0016] The fumigation method of the above-mentioned grain depot ozone circulation fumigation device includes the following steps,

[0017] S1. Turn on the ozone generator and the circulation fan. Ozone enters the horizontal diffusion pipe through the opened first valve and second valve, and then enters the grain pile in the grain storage chamber;

[0018] S2. Start the negative pressure fan to force the ozone in the grain pile to move towards the ventilation partition, enter the reflux channel, return to the transverse diffusion pipe through the circulation fan and the reflux pipe, and complete the ozone cycle;

[0019] S3. The ozone generator supplements high-concentration ozone to increase the ozone concentration in the grain storage chamber. After the ozone concentration reaches the standard, turn off the ozone generator and the first valve;

[0020] S4. The ozone in the grain storage chamber is subjected to ozone fumigation by circulating the grain pile through the circulation unit and the circulation fan. After completion, close the second valve and the third valve.

[0021] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment and fumigation method, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0022] 1. The equipment provided by the present invention can adjust the amount of ozone entering the grain storage chamber according to the grain storage volume. After the ozone concentration rises to the target concentration, circulation treatment is carried out, which can be flexibly applied to grain depots with different grain storage volumes and different sizes, and is safer and more environmentally friendly than traditional drug treatment;

[0023] 2. The present invention controls the amount of ozone entering the transverse diffusion pipe through the fourth valve, can flexibly set the number of the air inlet unit and the circulation unit, and accurately injects ozone into the grain storage chamber for storing grain, and can achieve accurate circulation fumigation for a relatively small grain storage volume;

[0024] 3. The air inlet unit and the circulation unit of the present invention are used in cooperation to form independent ozone circulation channels, and uniform and efficient circulation fumigation can be achieved for a full grain storage volume;

[0025] 4. The ozone generated by the present invention reacts with the grain pile, destroys the cell membranes and cell walls of microorganisms, pests, etc. in the grain pile, causing their death. The circulation fan sends the reacted ozone and newly generated high-concentration ozone back into the grain pile again, and circulates in this way, continuously supplementing high-concentration ozone. The ozone concentration in the grain depot will gradually increase. When the ozone concentration in the grain depot reaches the target concentration, turn off the ozone generator and the first valve, and make the ozone at the current concentration carry out circulation fumigation on the grain pile.

[0026] The following further describes the technical solutions of the present invention in detail through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a top view of a grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the air intake unit of an ozone circulation fumigation device for a grain depot in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an ozone circulation fumigation device for a grain depot in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals

[0032] 1. Grain depot; 11. Grain storage chamber; 12. Slope; 13. Sealing film; 2. Air intake unit; 21. Ozone generator; 22. First valve; 23. Circulation fan; 24. Second valve; 25. Air inlet pipe; 26. Horizontal diffusion pipe; 27. Vertical diffusion pipe; 28. Fourth valve; 29. Ventilation hole; 3. Circulation unit; 31. Negative pressure fan; 32. Return channel; 33. Cover plate; 34. Return pipe; 35. Third valve; 36. Ventilation partition; 37. Air permeable hole; 4. Fixing unit; 41. First fixing frame; 42. Second fixing frame; 43. Third fixing frame. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before this term cover the elements or objects listed after this term and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] The present invention provides an ozone circulation fumigation device for a grain depot, as Figure 1-2 shown, which includes a grain storage chamber 11, an air intake unit 2, a circulation unit 3 and a fixing unit 4. The air intake unit 2 is connected to the grain depot 1 through the fixing unit 4, and the circulation unit 3 is located on the side of the grain depot 1 away from the air intake unit 2. The circulation unit 3 is communicated with the air intake unit 2 through a return pipe 34, and an ozone concentration sensor is provided in the return pipe 34.

[0037] The grain storage chamber 11 is used to store grains. The air inlet unit 2 fills ozone into the grain storage chamber 11, and the circulation unit 3 pumps the ozone in the grain storage chamber 11 back to the air inlet unit 2 to realize the ozone circulation inside the grain storage chamber 11. During this process, ozone reacts with the grain pile, destroying the cell membranes and cell walls of microorganisms, pests, etc. in the grain pile, causing their death. The circulation fan 23 sends the reacted ozone and newly generated high-concentration ozone back into the grain pile again. Through this cycle, high-concentration ozone is continuously supplemented, and the ozone concentration in the grain depot 1 will gradually increase.

[0038] The ozone concentration sensor detects the ozone concentration. When the ozone concentration reaches the standard, the ozone generator 21 and the first valve 22 are closed. The ozone at the current concentration is used for circulating fumigation of the grain pile. After maintaining for a period of time, the second valve 24 and the third valve 35 are closed, and the ozone circulating fumigation is completed. The ozone generator 21 and the circulation fan 23 can be selectively removed.

[0039] The horizontal diffusion pipe 26 of the air inlet unit 2 is connected to the grain storage chamber 11, and a ventilation partition 36 is provided in the grain storage chamber 11. A number of air permeable holes 37 are provided on the ventilation partition 36. A return channel 32 is formed between the ventilation partition 36 and the side wall of the grain depot 1, and the return channel 32 is connected to the grain storage chamber 11. The setting of the ventilation partition 36 prevents grains from entering the return channel 32 through the grain storage chamber 11 along with ozone, blocking the circulation fan 23 and the negative pressure fan 31.

[0040] As Figure 3 shown, a number of mounting holes are evenly provided on the horizontal diffusion pipe 26 of the air inlet unit 2, and a fourth valve 28 is provided at intervals on the horizontal diffusion pipe 26. The vertical diffusion pipe 27 is connected to the horizontal diffusion pipe 26 through the mounting holes. The vertical diffusion pipe 27 is provided with a number of ventilation holes 29 communicating with the grain storage chamber 11, and the vertical diffusion pipe 27 is arranged perpendicular to the ground. After ozone enters the horizontal diffusion pipe 26, it then enters the vertical diffusion pipe 27, and finally enters the grain storage chamber 11 through the ventilation holes 29 of the vertical diffusion pipe 27. The setting of the fourth valve 28 controls the position of ozone in the horizontal diffusion pipe 26, preventing the vertical diffusion pipe 27 from releasing ozone to the position in the grain storage chamber 11 where no grains are placed.

[0041] The ozone generator 21 of the air inlet unit 2 is connected to the circulation fan 23 through the first valve 22. The circulation fan 23 is connected to the air inlet pipe 25 through the second valve 24, and the air inlet pipe 25 is connected to the horizontal diffusion pipe 26. The ozone generated by the ozone generator 21 enters the horizontal diffusion pipe 26 through the air inlet pipe 25 driven by the circulation fan 23, and then enters the grain storage chamber 11.

[0042] The negative pressure fan 31 of the circulation unit 3 is located at the top of the grain storage chamber 11. The negative pressure intake pipe of the negative pressure fan 31 is communicated with the grain storage chamber 11, and the negative pressure outlet of the negative pressure fan 31 is communicated with the circulation fan 23 through the return pipe 34. The negative pressure fan 31 performs air extraction treatment on the return channel 32. Due to the action of the negative pressure fan 31, ozone accumulation on one side of the vertical diffusion pipe 27 will not occur and the ozone will not be unable to flow, and it will force the ozone to flow from one side of the vertical diffusion pipe 27 to one side of the ventilation partition 36.

[0043] The fixing frame one 41 of the fixing unit 4 connects the horizontal diffusion pipe 26 with the ground of the grain depot 1. The ventilation partition 36 is connected to the side of the grain depot 1 far from the horizontal diffusion pipe 26, and the negative pressure fan 31 is connected to the cover plate 33 at the top of the ventilation partition 36. The ventilation partition 36 is connected to the side wall of the grain depot 1 through the fixing frame two 42, and a return channel 32 is formed between the ventilation partition 36 and the side wall of the grain depot 1.

[0044] The cover plate 33 is provided with a through hole communicated with the third valve 35, and the other end of the third valve 35 is communicated with the negative pressure fan 31. The return pipe 34 communicated with the negative pressure fan 31 is connected to the top of the grain depot 1 through the fixing frame three 43, and the return pipe 34 is communicated with the circulation fan 23 outside the grain depot 1. The cover plate 33 is arranged at the top of the return channel 32, and three sides of it are connected to the side wall of the grain depot 1, and the other side is connected to the ventilation partition 36. The cover plate 33 is provided with a number of through holes, and each through hole is connected with a third valve 35.

[0045] A sealing film 13 is provided at the top of the grain storage chamber 11. The setting of the sealing film 13 avoids the upward overflow of ozone in the grain storage chamber 11 to the top of the grain depot 1, resulting in waste of ozone. A slope 12 is provided below the horizontal diffusion pipe 26, and the angle of the slope 12 is 30-60°. The setting of the slope 12 is to facilitate the smooth sliding of the grain between the horizontal diffusion pipe 26 and the side wall of the grain depot 1 when unloading grain into the grain storage chamber 11, and no grain jamming will occur.

[0046] The ventilation partition 36 is a multi-layer perforated steel plate, and the vertical diffusion pipe 27 is a perforated network pipe, and the aperture diameters are all smaller than the maximum diameter of the grain. The return pipe 34 is a PVC pipe or a stainless steel pipe.

[0047] In this embodiment, multiple groups of intake units 2 and circulation units 3 are provided. The size of the grain depot 1 is 27m * 18m * 6m, and the grain storage situation is full load. Since the grain storage volume in this embodiment is large, and in fact, the grain depot 1 cannot be completely sealed. If all the ozone generators 21 are turned off and only ozone circulation is carried out, then the ozone concentration will gradually decrease, and the reaction time for microorganisms and pests will be reduced, resulting in incomplete insecticidal and sterilization. Therefore, it is necessary to keep one or two groups of ozone generators 21 running to maintain the ozone concentration; after ozone circulation for a period of time, turn off the reserved ozone generators 21 and all the second valves 24 and third valves 35. The ozone circulation fumigation has been completed, and the ozone generators 21 and the circulation fans 23 can be selectively removed.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] As Figure 4 shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that only one set of circulation units 3 and intake units 2 are provided, and the rest are the same as those in Embodiment 1, which can be used to store a small amount of grain. Close the fourth valve 28 at the place where no grain is placed. The ozone will not diffuse to the entire horizontal diffusion pipe 26, but will only diffuse to the vertical diffusion pipe 27 at the position where the grain pile is located. Then, it flows into the grain pile through the ventilation holes 29 on the vertical diffusion pipe 27, and the corresponding negative pressure fan 31 evacuates the return channel 32, forcing the ozone to flow from one side of the vertical diffusion pipe 27 to one side of the ventilation partition 36.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A fumigation method using the grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment in Example 1 or Example 2 includes the following steps.

[0052] S1. Turn on the ozone generator and the circulation fan. The ozone generator generates ozone, and the ozone enters the horizontal diffusion pipe through the opened first valve and second valve, and then enters the grain pile in the grain storage chamber.

[0053] S2. Start the negative pressure fan to force the ozone in the grain pile to move towards the ventilation partition. The ozone entering the return channel returns to the horizontal diffusion pipe through the circulation fan and the return pipe. The circulation fan sends the used ozone and newly generated ozone into the grain pile again to complete the ozone cycle.

[0054] S3. The ozone generator replenishes high-concentration ozone. During the ozone cycle, the ozone concentration in the grain storage chamber is increased. After the ozone concentration reaches the standard, turn off the ozone generator and the first valve.

[0055] S4. The ozone in the grain storage chamber is subjected to circulating ozone fumigation of the grain pile through the circulation unit and the circulation fan. After completion, close the second valve and the third valve.

[0056] Therefore, the present invention adopts a grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment and a fumigation method with the above structure. The generated ozone reacts with the grain pile, destroying the cell membranes and cell walls of microorganisms, pests, etc. in the grain pile, causing their death. The circulation fan sends the reacted ozone and newly generated high-concentration ozone into the grain pile again, and circulates in this way, continuously replenishing high-concentration ozone. The ozone concentration in the grain depot will gradually increase. When the ozone concentration in the grain depot reaches the target concentration, turn off the ozone generator and the first valve, and use the ozone at the current concentration to perform circulating fumigation on the grain pile.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment, characterized in that: It includes a grain storage chamber, an air intake unit, a circulation unit and a fixed unit. The air intake unit is connected to the grain storage through the fixed unit. The circulation unit is located on a side of the grain storage away from the air intake unit. The circulation unit is connected to the air intake unit through a return pipe. An ozone concentration sensor is arranged in the return pipe. The transverse diffusion pipe of the air intake unit is connected with the grain storage cavity. A ventilation baffle is arranged in the grain storage cavity. A plurality of air holes are arranged on the ventilation baffle. A reflux channel is formed between the ventilation baffle and the side wall of the grain storage. A sealing film is installed on the top of the grain storage cavity to prevent the ozone in the grain storage cavity from overflowing to the top of the grain storage, causing ozone waste; A plurality of mounting holes are evenly arranged on the transverse diffusion pipe of the air intake unit, the vertical diffusion pipe is connected with the transverse diffusion pipe through the mounting holes, and the vertical diffusion pipe is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes connected with the grain storage cavity; The ventilation baffle is a multi-layer porous steel plate, and the vertical diffusion pipe is a porous mesh pipe; The ozone generator of the air intake unit is connected to the circulation fan through the first valve, the circulation fan is connected to the air intake pipe through the second valve, and the air intake pipe is connected to the transverse diffusion pipe; The negative pressure fan of the circulation unit is located at the top of the grain storage chamber, the negative pressure air inlet pipe of the negative pressure fan is connected with the return channel, and the negative pressure air outlet of the negative pressure fan is connected with the circulation fan through the return pipe; The reflux channel is communicated with the grain storage cavity; A fourth valve is provided at intervals on the transverse diffusion pipe.

2. The grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A fixing frame of the fixing unit connects the transverse diffusion pipe to the floor of the grain depot, a ventilation partition is connected to a side of the grain depot away from the transverse diffusion pipe, and a negative pressure fan is connected to a cover plate on the top of the ventilation partition.

3. The grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cover plate is provided with a through hole connected to the third valve, the other end of the third valve is connected to the negative pressure fan, the return pipe connected to the negative pressure fan is connected to the top of the grain depot through the fixed frame three, and the return pipe is connected to the circulating fan outside the grain depot.

4. The grain depot ozone circulation fumigation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sealing film is arranged on the top of the grain storage cavity, and a slope is arranged under the transverse diffusion pipe, and the slope angle is 30-60 degrees.

5. A fumigation method using a grain depot ozone circulation fumigation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Turn on the ozone generator and the circulating fan, and the ozone enters the horizontal diffusion pipe through the opened first valve and the second valve, and then enters the grain pile in the grain storage cavity; S2, start the negative pressure fan to force the ozone in the grain pile to move toward the ventilation baffle, and then enter the reflux channel and return to the horizontal diffusion pipe through the circulation fan and the reflux pipe, thus completing the ozone cycle; S3, the ozone generator replenishes high-concentration ozone to increase the ozone concentration in the grain storage cavity. After the ozone concentration reaches the standard, the ozone generator and the first valve are closed; S4. The ozone in the grain storage cavity circulates through the circulation unit and the circulating fan to fumigate the grain pile. After completion, the second valve and the third valve are closed.

Images