A rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising, by mass fraction, comprises the following raw materials: 5-8 parts of mulberry leaf extract, 3-5 parts of willow branch extract, 1-3 parts of moringa leaf extract, 1-3 parts of onion extract, 1-3 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, 1-3 parts of mineral source potassium humate, 0.03-0.05 parts of graphene oxide, and 1000 parts of water. The above components cooperate synergistically to effectively improve the rooting rate, the number of roots and the shoot sprouting rate of guava cuttage seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Guava (Psidium guajava L.), as a fruit with high economic value and rich nutritional value, has attracted much attention in recent years for its fruit tree planting and promotion. There are various ways to propagate guava, among which cutting seedling cultivation is widely used because of its simple operation and low cost. However, one of the key factors affecting the survival rate of cuttings is the rooting ability of the cuttings. Many factors, such as the maturity of the cuttings, shear surface treatment, environmental conditions, and the applied rooting promoter, will directly affect the success of the rooting process.

[0003] Traditional cutting methods often rely on natural rooting, which has a limited success rate, especially in non-ideal seasons or environments. In order to improve the effect of cutting seedling cultivation, the application of rooting agents has become an important means to improve the rooting efficiency of cuttings. Rooting agents mainly stimulate the production of plant hormones, promote cell division, accelerate the formation of callus tissue, and further induce the formation of root primordia, thereby accelerating and increasing the rooting points of cuttings and improving the rooting speed and quality.

[0004] There are many kinds of existing rooting agent products, and common active ingredients include plant growth regulators such as indolebutyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and gibberellins (GA). Although these chemicals are effective, long-term and large-scale use may have a negative impact on the environment and plants, such as hormone residues, soil pollution, and interference with the balance of plant hormones. Therefore, exploring more environmentally friendly and efficient rooting agent formulas has become one of the hot spots in current plant propagation scientific research. It is particularly urgent to study an environmentally friendly and efficient rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention: a rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 5-8 parts of mulberry leaf extract, 3-5 parts of willow branch extract, 1-3 parts of moringa leaf extract, 1-3 parts of onion extract, 1-3 parts of bamboo vinegar, 1-3 parts of mineral potassium humate, 0.03-0.05 parts of graphene oxide, and 1000 parts of water.

[0008] Further, the preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract includes: crushing the mulberry leaves, adding an ethanol solution and performing ultrasonic extraction for 4 - 6 h, filtering after the ultrasonic extraction ends, taking the filtrate, concentrating and drying it to obtain the mulberry leaf extract.

[0009] Further, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 60 - 70 vol%, and the mass - to - volume ratio of the mulberry leaves to the ethanol solution is 1 g:8 - 10 mL; the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 200 - 300 W.

[0010] Further, the preparation method of the willow branch extract includes: crushing the willow branches, adding an ethanol solution and performing ultrasonic extraction for 2 - 4 h, filtering after the ultrasonic extraction ends, taking the filtrate, concentrating and drying it to obtain the willow branch extract.

[0011] Further, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 70 - 80 vol%, and the mass - to - volume ratio of the willow branches to the ethanol solution is 1 g:6 - 8 mL; the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 350 - 400 W.

[0012] Further, the preparation method of the moringa leaf extract includes: crushing the moringa leaves, adding absolute ethanol, heating and soaking for extraction for 20 - 24 h, filtering after the heating and soaking extraction ends, taking the filtrate, concentrating and drying it to obtain the moringa leaf extract.

[0013] Further, the mass - to - volume ratio of the moringa leaves to the absolute ethanol is 1 g:10 - 12 mL; the temperature of the heating and soaking extraction is 35 - 40 °C.

[0014] Further, the preparation method of the onion extract includes: crushing the onions, adding water, heating and soaking for extraction for 40 - 48 h, filtering after the heating and soaking extraction ends, taking the filtrate, concentrating and drying it to obtain the onion extract.

[0015] Further, the mass - to - volume ratio of the onions to the water is 1 g:15 - 18 mL; the temperature of the heating and soaking extraction is 30 - 35 °C.

[0016] Further, the term "crushing" all refers to crushing to pass through a 40 - 60 mesh sieve.

[0017] The second technical solution of the present invention: The preparation method of the rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising includes the following steps: adding the mulberry leaf extract, willow branch extract, moringa leaf extract and onion extract into water, stirring evenly, and then adding bamboo vinegar liquid, mineral source fulvic acid potassium and graphene oxide, and stirring evenly to obtain the rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising.

[0018] The third technical solution of the present invention: the application of the rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising in guava cuttage seedling raising, dipping the base 3-5 cm of the guava cuttage branch into the rooting agent for 10-20 minutes, and then taking it out for cutting.

[0019] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising, and the raw materials include: mulberry leaf extract, willow branch extract, moringa leaf extract, onion extract, bamboo vinegar liquid, mineral source potassium humate and graphene oxide water. The mulberry leaf extract is rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, organic acids, vitamins, etc., and the above substances all have a certain effect on promoting root growth. Through synergistic cooperation, good root-promoting effects can be achieved; the willow branch extract contains more salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, salicylacetic acid, etc., and the above substances can all promote the growth of root cells and effectively promote root growth. At the same time, the willow branch extract also contains a variety of growth-promoting factors and has excellent root-promoting effects; the moringa leaf extract is rich in various minerals, vitamins, amino acids, and antioxidants, and the vitamins and amino acids therein can promote plant rooting; the onion extract is rich in plant-derived growth hormones, antioxidants and flavonoids. The plant-derived growth hormones therein can effectively promote plant rooting, and the antioxidants and flavonoids can effectively scavenge free radicals in plants, reduce the permeability of plant cell membranes, delay the aging process, make plant roots strong and developed, and can effectively prevent and control pests and diseases; bamboo vinegar liquid has good permeability and absorbability to plants and tissues, can play a role in plant hormones, and promote the growth of plant roots and the distribution of lateral branches; mineral source potassium humate can regulate the growth hormone level in plant roots, especially promote the synthesis and secretion of auxin in plants, thereby promoting the development and growth of root hairs; graphene oxide can reduce the influence of endogenous rooting inhibitors on root formation, and can also stimulate epidermal cells and cork layer cells to absorb other active substances, promote plant rooting and root growth and development. In addition, graphene oxide also has a bactericidal effect, can reduce the infection of miscellaneous bacteria and improve the survival rate. The above components cooperate synergistically to effectively improve the rooting rate, the number of roots and the shoot rate of guava cuttage seedling raising.

[0021] The present invention uses plant endogenous active substances as the main components of the rooting agent, without using various commercial hormones, which can not only reduce costs, but also be environmentally friendly and efficient. Specific embodiments

[0022] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0025] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention specification, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the present invention specification are obvious to those skilled in the art. The present invention specification and examples are merely exemplary.

[0026] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0027] The content of the effective components of the bamboo vinegar liquid used in the following examples and comparative examples is 99.9 wt%, purchased from Shijiazhuang Hongsen Activated Carbon Co., Ltd.; the content of the effective components of the mineral source fulvic acid potassium is 99 wt%, purchased from Hubei Maidehao Chemical Co., Ltd.; graphene oxide is purchased from Zhongke Jinyan (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., CAS: 7782-42-5; the water used is all distilled water.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising, calculated by mass parts, the raw material composition is: 5 parts of mulberry leaf extract, 3 parts of willow branch extract, 1 part of moringa leaf extract, 1 part of onion extract, 1 part of bamboo vinegar liquid, 1 part of mineral source fulvic acid potassium, 0.03 part of graphene oxide, and 1000 parts of water.

[0030] Preparation steps:

[0031] Add mulberry leaf extract, willow branch extract, moringa leaf extract, and onion extract into water, stir for 10 min, then add bamboo vinegar liquid, mineral source fulvic acid potassium, and graphene oxide, and stir for 5 min to obtain a rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising.

[0032] Among them, the preparation method of mulberry leaf extract is as follows: Crush the air-dried mulberry leaves until they can pass through a 60-mesh sieve, add 65 vol% ethanol solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL, and perform ultrasonic extraction for 5 h. The power of ultrasonic extraction is 250 W. After ultrasonic extraction, filter, take the filtrate, concentrate and dry it to obtain powdery mulberry leaf extract.

[0033] The preparation method of willow branch extract is as follows: Crush the air-dried willow branches until they can pass through a 60-mesh sieve, add 75 vol% ethanol solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:8 mL, and perform ultrasonic extraction for 3 h. The power of ultrasonic extraction is 380 W. After ultrasonic extraction, filter, take the filtrate, concentrate and dry it to obtain powdery willow branch extract.

[0034] The preparation method of moringa leaf extract is as follows: Crush the air-dried moringa leaves until they can pass through a 60-mesh sieve, add anhydrous ethanol, heat and soak for extraction at 36 °C for 24 h according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL. After heating and soaking for extraction, filter, take the filtrate, concentrate and dry it to obtain powdery moringa leaf extract.

[0035] The preparation method of onion extract is as follows: Crush the air-dried onions until they can pass through a 60-mesh sieve, add water, heat and soak for extraction at 33 °C for 48 h according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL. After heating and soaking for extraction, filter, take the filtrate, concentrate and dry it to obtain powdery onion extract.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising, calculated by mass fraction, the raw material composition is: 6 parts of mulberry leaf extract, 4 parts of willow branch extract, 2 parts of moringa leaf extract, 2 parts of onion extract, 2 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, 2 parts of mineral source fulvic acid potassium, 0.04 part of graphene oxide, and 1000 parts of water.

[0038] The preparation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] A rooting agent for guava cuttage seedling raising, calculated by mass fraction, the raw material composition is: 8 parts of mulberry leaf extract, 5 parts of willow branch extract, 3 parts of moringa leaf extract, 3 parts of onion extract, 3 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, 3 parts of mineral source fulvic acid potassium, 0.05 part of graphene oxide, and 1000 parts of water.

[0041] The preparation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] Same as Example 1, except that the mulberry leaf extract is replaced with an equal mass of willow branch extract.

[0044] Comparative Example 2

[0045] Same as Example 1, except that the onion extract is replaced with an equal mass of moringa extract.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] Same as Example 1, except that the use of bamboo vinegar liquid is omitted.

[0048] Comparative Example 4

[0049] Same as Example 1, except that the use of mineral source fulvic acid potassium is omitted.

[0050] Comparative Example 5

[0051] Same as Example 1, except that the use of graphene oxide is omitted.

[0052] Comparative Example 6

[0053] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract is as follows: The air-dried mulberry leaves are crushed to pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and water is added according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL for ultrasonic extraction for 5 h. The power of ultrasonic extraction is 250 W. After the ultrasonic extraction is completed, filtration is carried out, and the filtrate is concentrated and dried to obtain a powdery mulberry leaf extract.

[0054] Comparative Example 7

[0055] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation method of the onion extract is as follows: The air-dried onions are crushed to pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and 65 vol% ethanol is added according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL and heated and soaked for extraction at 33 °C for 48 h. After the heating and soaking extraction is completed, filtration is carried out, and the filtrate is concentrated and dried to obtain a powdery onion extract.

[0056] Test Example

[0057] Implementation time: April 10 - May 30, 2023.

[0058] Test location: This test was carried out in the steel-frame temperature-controlled greenhouse of the Fruit Tree Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0059] Test materials: Semi-lignified new shoots of 2-year-old 'Pearl' guava fruiting trees.

[0060] Experimental design: The rooting agents for guava cuttage seedling raising prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were used as experimental treatments, distilled water and NAA 400 mg / L + IBA 100 mg / L were used as controls, and the substrate was yellow heart soil + vermiculite (volume ratio 3:2).

[0061] The specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0062] (1) Substrate preparation: Prepare yellow heart soil and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 3:2, soak and disinfect with 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate 1 day before cutting, and then load into trays (plug tray specifications: 60 cm × 30 cm × 7 cm, 15 holes / tray) for standby.

[0063] (2) Preparation of cuttings: Cut the semi-lignified new shoots of the 2-year-old 'Pearl' guava fruiting tree that grow vigorously, cut off the soft tender shoots at the top, and take every two nodes (including 3 pairs of leaves) of the remaining semi-lignified new shoots as a cutting. The upper part of the cutting is cut flat, and the base is cut obliquely at 30-45°, cut off two pairs of leaves at the base, and retain one pair of leaves at the top. Immerse the cuttings completely in a 1000-fold solution of 70 wt% thiophanate-methyl for 5 min, take out the cuttings and rinse them with distilled water, and dry them in the shade for standby.

[0064] (3) Rooting agent treatment: Immerse the base 3-5 cm of the cuttings in the rooting agent for 15 min, and then take them out.

[0065] (4) Cutting: Use chopsticks to make holes in the substrate of the plug tray prepared in step (1) before cutting, and immediately insert the cuttings treated with the rooting agent in step (3) into the small holes of the plug tray substrate, gently compact the substrate, and then pour enough water.

[0066] (5) Management after cutting:

[0067] a. After cutting, place the seedling-raising plug tray in a steel-frame temperature-controlled greenhouse, and then build a small arch shed above the seedling-raising plug tray and cover it with a plastic film to keep moisture;

[0068] b. Within 14 days after cutting, keep moisture with a plastic film covering the small arch shed, maintain the humidity in the small arch shed above 90%, and control the temperature within the range of 20-25°C;

[0069] c. From 15 to 49 days after cutting, open the plastic films at both ends of the small arch shed for ventilation, maintain the humidity in the small arch shed at about 80%, and control the temperature within the range of 20-25°C; spray water once every 7-10 days to maintain the water content of the substrate at about 70%.

[0070] (6) After 50 days of cutting, count the shoot emergence rate, rooting rate and average number of roots of the cuttings.

[0071] Rooting rate = number of rooted cuttings / total number of cuttings × 100%;

[0072] Shoot sprouting rate = Number of branches with new shoots / Total number of cuttings × 100%.

[0073] Each treatment had 3 replicates, with 60 cuttings in each replicate. The results were averaged as shown in Table 1:

[0074] Table 1

[0075]

[0076] As can be seen from Table 1, when the rooting agents prepared in Examples 1 - 3 of the present invention were used for guava cuttage seedling raising, the rooting rate was high, the average number of roots was large, and the shoot sprouting rate was high after cutting. It was not only superior to each comparative example, but also superior to Control Group 2 using a conventional plant growth hormone combination.

[0077] From the data comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 - 5, it can be seen that the components in the rooting agent of the present invention cooperate synergistically to achieve the best root-promoting effect. Omitting any one of the components will affect the final root-promoting effect. From the data comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 6 - 7, it can also be seen that changing the extraction method of mulberry leaf extract, willow branch extract, moringa leaf extract, and onion extract will also affect the final root-promoting effect, indicating that the above-mentioned extracts have their corresponding optimal extraction methods, and the substances extracted under their respective optimal extraction methods have better root-promoting activity.

[0078] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 5-8 parts of mulberry leaf extract, 3-5 parts of willow branch extract, 1-3 parts of moringa leaf extract, 1-3 parts of onion extract, 1-3 parts of bamboo vinegar, 1-3 parts of mineral potassium humate, 0.03-0.05 parts of graphene oxide, and 1000 parts of water; The preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract comprises: crushing the mulberry leaves, adding an ethanol solution to ultrasonically extract for 4-6 hours, filtering after the ultrasonic extraction, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the mulberry leaf extract; The concentration of the ethanol solution is 60-70 vol%, the mass volume ratio of the mulberry leaf to the ethanol solution is 1 g: 8-10 mL; the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 200-300 W; The preparation method of the willow branch extract comprises: crushing the willow branch, adding an ethanol solution to ultrasonically extract for 2-4 hours, filtering after the ultrasonic extraction, and concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the willow branch extract; The concentration of the ethanol solution is 70-80 vol%, the mass volume ratio of the willow branches to the ethanol solution is 1 g: 6-8 mL; the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 350-400 W; The preparation method of the Moringa leaf extract comprises: crushing the Moringa leaves, adding anhydrous ethanol, heating and soaking for 20-24 hours, filtering after the heating and soaking extraction, taking the filtrate, concentrating and drying, and obtaining the Moringa leaf extract; The mass volume ratio of the Moringa leaves to the anhydrous ethanol is 1 g: 10-12 mL; the temperature of the heating and soaking extraction is 35-40° C.; The preparation method of the onion extract comprises: crushing onions, adding water, heating, soaking and extracting for 40-48 hours, filtering after the heating, soaking and extracting, taking the filtrate, concentrating and drying, and obtaining the onion extract; The mass volume ratio of onion to water is 1 g:15-18 mL; the temperature of the heating and soaking extraction is 30-35° C.

2. The preparation method of the rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mulberry leaf extract, willow branch extract, moringa leaf extract and onion extract are added into water and stirred evenly, and then bamboo vinegar, mineral potassium humate and graphene oxide are added and stirred evenly to obtain the rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation.

3. The application of the rooting agent for guava cutting seedling cultivation as claimed in claim 1 in guava cutting seedling cultivation, characterized in that, The base of the guava cuttings is immersed in the rooting agent for 10-20 minutes at a depth of 3-5 cm, and then the cuttings are taken out.

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