Preparation method and application of feed additive for preventing abnormality of ophiocephalusvanduzerii

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of preparation method and application of feed additive for preventing channa maculata deformity, belong to the technical field of feed additive.The present application is mixed, sliced, dried, ground, sieved sequentially to radix astragali, red peony root, salvia miltiorrhiza and bupleurum, to obtain a kind of powder Chinese herbal medicine mixture, then it is added to the water boiling liquid obtained after heating water boiling of pericarpium citri reticulatae, yellowflower and white cardamom by deionized water, and is stirred and mixed, and the bait composed of amino acid, betaine, dimethyl-beta-propionic acid thiothymidine, earthworm powder and plant extract is compounded by temperature rising, finally a kind of feed additive is prepared by high-temperature drying, so that when it is added to channa maculata feed and applied to the daily feeding of channa maculata, on the one hand, it can have excellent effect of preventing channa maculata deformity, on the other hand, it will not adversely affect the taste and palatability of channa maculata feed itself, on the contrary, it can improve the appetite of channa maculata, and the effect of growth and development is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed additive technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing and applying a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish. Background Technology

[0002] Snakehead fish is a large, bottom-dwelling freshwater fish, mainly distributed in China, the Korean Peninsula, Central Asia, and eastern North America. It is loved for its delicious taste, tender flesh, and rich nutritional value. Although snakehead fish are highly adaptable to different water types and temperatures, the increasing intensification and density of current aquaculture practices has led to deformities in them. This not only inhibits their growth and development but also severely restricts economic benefits in the long run. To address this issue, many existing technologies involve adding various feed additives to the feed to prevent deformities. However, these feed additives have certain drawbacks that limit their practical application. Firstly, their effect on preventing snakehead deformities is limited and not significant. Secondly, adding these additives to the feed can significantly affect the taste and palatability of the feed itself, resulting in poor feeding outcomes and ultimately, more harm than good. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing and applying a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish. This invention creatively involves sequentially mixing, slicing, drying, grinding, and sieving Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Bupleurum chinense to obtain a powdered herbal mixture. This mixture is then added to a decoction obtained by boiling Citrus reticulata peel, Hedyotis diffusa, and Amomum villosum in deionized water, and stirred and mixed. A palatability enhancer composed of amino acids, betaine, dimethyl-β-propionate thiamethoxam, earthworm powder, and plant extracts is added and heated. Finally, the mixture is dried at high temperature to prepare a feed additive. When added to snakehead fish feed and used in daily feeding, this additive not only effectively prevents deformities but also does not negatively affect the palatability or taste of the feed itself. On the contrary, it can improve the snakehead fish's appetite and promote better growth and development.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing a feed additive to prevent deformities in snakehead fish, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Mix Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense, slice them, and obtain material A;

[0007] S2: Dry the material A to obtain material B;

[0008] S3: Grind and sieve the material B to obtain material C;

[0009] S4: Add dried tangerine peel, daylily and white cardamom to deionized water, heat water and boil, then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain material D;

[0010] S5: Filter the material D to remove the filter residue and obtain material E;

[0011] S6: Add material C to material E, stir and mix, keep warm, and obtain material F;

[0012] S7: Heat the material F, add the palatability enhancer, and stir at a constant temperature to obtain material G;

[0013] S8: Dry the material G to complete the preparation.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Bupleurum chinense, Citrus reticulata peel, Hedyotis diffusa, Amomum villosum, and the palatability enhancer is 7-10:6-9:2-5:6-8:12-15:10-12:6-8:3-4; and the mass ratio of deionized water to Citrus reticulata peel is 4:1.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the slice is 15-22 mm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature is 70-80℃ and the drying time is 25-30 minutes.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sieving refers to passing through a sieve of 120-140 mesh.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating and boiling refers to heating to 80-100°C at a heating rate of 3-5°C / min, and then keeping warm and boiling in refluxed water for 35-40 minutes.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring and mixing temperature is 60-70℃, the stirring and mixing speed is 80-120 r / min, and the stirring and mixing time is 15-20 min.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating refers to heating to 75-80°C at a heating rate of 2-4°C / min, and then holding at that temperature.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the palatability enhancer comprises 1-3 parts by weight of amino acids, 2-4 parts by weight of betaine, 1-3 parts by weight of thiamethoxam dimethyl-β-propionate, 2-3 parts by weight of earthworm powder, and 1-2 parts by weight of plant extract.

[0022] Furthermore, the amino acid is at least one selected from L-histidine, L-arginine, L-glycine, and L-alanine.

[0023] Furthermore, the plant extract is at least one of nutmeg extract, hawthorn extract, and monk fruit extract.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the constant temperature stirring time is 15-20 minutes.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying refers to drying to constant weight at 50-70°C.

[0026] The application of a feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation prepared by the method described above, wherein the feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation is applied to snakehead feed.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed additive for preventing snakehead deformities is added at 2-3% of the weight of the snakehead feed.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] (1) This invention creatively mixes, slices, dries, grinds and sieves Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense in sequence to obtain a powdered herbal mixture. Then, it is added to the decoction obtained by boiling Citrus reticulata peel, Scutellaria baicalensis and Amomum villosum in deionized water and stirred and mixed. The mixture is then heated and compounded with an attractant composed of amino acids, betaine, dimethyl-β-propionate thiamethoxam, earthworm powder and plant extracts. Finally, it is dried at high temperature to prepare a feed additive. When added to snakehead feed and used in the daily feeding of snakehead, it can have an excellent effect in preventing snakehead deformities. On the other hand, it will not have an adverse effect on the taste and palatability of the snakehead feed itself. On the contrary, it can improve the snakehead's appetite and growth and development.

[0030] (2) This invention can effectively prevent the occurrence of snakehead deformities by compounding and synergistically combining various Chinese herbal raw materials in the formula, especially the introduction of Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense. At the same time, the addition of a small amount of attractant can better ensure the feeding effect and promote the growth and development of snakehead. In the entire process of preparing the feed additive, this invention has carried out meticulous processing of various raw material components, resulting in a high degree of refinement of the overall formula and ultimately achieving better results. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0034] The nutmeg extracts used in all embodiments and comparative examples of this invention were obtained by direct purchase from the market, specifically from Jiangxi Ruiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 As shown:

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A method for preparing a feed additive to prevent deformities in snakehead fish, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1: Mix Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense, slice them, and obtain material A;

[0039] S2: Dry the material A to obtain material B;

[0040] S3: Grind and sieve the material B to obtain material C;

[0041] S4: Add dried tangerine peel, daylily and white cardamom to deionized water, heat water and boil, then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain material D;

[0042] S5: Filter the material D to remove the filter residue and obtain material E;

[0043] S6: Add material C to material E, stir and mix, keep warm, and obtain material F;

[0044] S7: Heat the material F, add the palatability enhancer, and stir at a constant temperature to obtain material G;

[0045] S8: Dry the material G to complete the preparation.

[0046] The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Bupleurum chinense, Citrus reticulata peel, Hedyotis diffusa, Amomum villosum, and the palatability enhancer is 7:6:2:6:12:10:6:3; the mass ratio of deionized water to Citrus reticulata peel is 4:1.

[0047] The thickness of the slice is 15 mm.

[0048] The drying temperature is 70°C, and the drying time is 25 minutes.

[0049] The sieving refers to passing through a 120-mesh sieve.

[0050] The heating and boiling process refers to heating the water to 80°C at a rate of 3°C / min, and then keeping it warm and boiling it in refluxed water for 35 minutes.

[0051] The mixing temperature is 60°C, the mixing speed is 80 r / min, and the mixing time is 15 min.

[0052] The heating refers to heating to 75°C at a rate of 2°C / min, and then holding at that temperature.

[0053] The palatability enhancer comprises 1 part by weight of L-histidine, 2 parts by weight of betaine, 1 part by weight of thiamethoxam dimethyl-β-propionate, 2 parts by weight of earthworm powder, and 1 part by weight of nutmeg extract.

[0054] The constant temperature stirring time is 15 minutes.

[0055] The drying process refers to drying at 50°C to a constant weight.

[0056] The application of a feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation prepared by the method described above, wherein the feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation is applied to snakehead feed.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A method for preparing a feed additive to prevent deformities in snakehead fish, the method comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1: Mix Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense, slice them, and obtain material A;

[0060] S2: Dry the material A to obtain material B;

[0061] S3: Grind and sieve the material B to obtain material C;

[0062] S4: Add dried tangerine peel, daylily and white cardamom to deionized water, heat water and boil, then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain material D;

[0063] S5: Filter the material D to remove the filter residue and obtain material E;

[0064] S6: Add material C to material E, stir and mix, keep warm, and obtain material F;

[0065] S7: Heat the material F, add the palatability enhancer, and stir at a constant temperature to obtain material G;

[0066] S8: Dry the material G to complete the preparation.

[0067] The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Bupleurum chinense, Citrus reticulata peel, Hedyotis diffusa, Amomum villosum, and the palatability enhancer is 10:9:5:8:15:12:8:4; the mass ratio of deionized water to Citrus reticulata peel is 4:1.

[0068] The thickness of the slice is 22 mm.

[0069] The drying temperature is 80°C, and the drying time is 30 minutes.

[0070] The sieving refers to passing through a 140-mesh sieve.

[0071] The heating and boiling process refers to heating the water to 100°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then keeping it warm and boiling it in refluxed water for 40 minutes.

[0072] The mixing temperature is 70°C, the mixing speed is 120 r / min, and the mixing time is 20 min.

[0073] The heating refers to heating to 80°C at a rate of 4°C / min, and then holding at that temperature.

[0074] The palatability enhancer comprises 3 parts by weight of L-histidine, 4 parts by weight of betaine, 3 parts by weight of thiamethoxam dimethyl-β-propionate, 3 parts by weight of earthworm powder, and 2 parts by weight of nutmeg extract.

[0075] The constant temperature stirring time is 20 minutes.

[0076] The drying process refers to drying at 70°C to a constant weight.

[0077] The application of a feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation prepared by the method described above, wherein the feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation is applied to snakehead feed.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A method for preparing a feed additive to prevent deformities in snakehead fish, the method comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1: Mix Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense, slice them, and obtain material A;

[0081] S2: Dry the material A to obtain material B;

[0082] S3: Grind and sieve the material B to obtain material C;

[0083] S4: Add dried tangerine peel, daylily and white cardamom to deionized water, heat water and boil, then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain material D;

[0084] S5: Filter the material D to remove the filter residue and obtain material E;

[0085] S6: Add material C to material E, stir and mix, keep warm, and obtain material F;

[0086] S7: Heat the material F, add the palatability enhancer, and stir at a constant temperature to obtain material G;

[0087] S8: Dry the material G to complete the preparation.

[0088] The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Bupleurum chinense, Citrus reticulata peel, Hedyotis diffusa, Amomum villosum, and the palatability enhancer is 8:7:4:7:13:11:7:3.5; the mass ratio of deionized water to Citrus reticulata peel is 4:1.

[0089] The thickness of the slice is 18 mm.

[0090] The drying temperature is 75°C, and the drying time is 28 minutes.

[0091] The sieving refers to passing through a 130-mesh sieve.

[0092] The heating and boiling process refers to heating the water to 90°C at a rate of 4°C / min, and then holding it at that temperature while boiling in refluxed water for 38 minutes.

[0093] The mixing temperature is 65°C, the mixing speed is 100 r / min, and the mixing time is 18 min.

[0094] The heating refers to heating to 78°C at a rate of 3°C / min, and then holding at that temperature.

[0095] The palatability enhancer comprises 2 parts by weight of L-histidine, 3 parts by weight of betaine, 2 parts by weight of thiamethoxam dimethyl-β-propionate, 2.5 parts by weight of earthworm powder, and 1.5 parts by weight of nutmeg extract.

[0096] The constant temperature stirring time is 18 minutes.

[0097] The drying process refers to drying at 60°C to a constant weight.

[0098] The application of a feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation prepared by the method described above, wherein the feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation is applied to snakehead feed.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] Based on Example 1, in step S1, Astragalus membranaceus was replaced with an equal weight of Paeonia lactiflora, while all other steps remained unchanged.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] Based on Example 1, in step S1, red peony root is replaced with an equal weight of salvia miltiorrhiza, while the rest remain unchanged.

[0103] Comparative Example 3

[0104] Based on Example 1, in step S1, Danshen is replaced with an equal weight of Bupleurum, while the rest remain unchanged.

[0105] Comparative Example 4

[0106] Based on Example 1, in step S1, Bupleurum is replaced with an equal weight of Astragalus, while the rest remain unchanged.

[0107] Comparative Example 5

[0108] Based on Example 1, in step S4, the dried tangerine peel is replaced with an equal weight of daylily, while the rest remains unchanged.

[0109] Comparative Example 6

[0110] Based on Example 1, in step S4, the yellow clover is replaced with an equal weight of white cardamom, while the rest remains unchanged.

[0111] Comparative Example 7

[0112] Based on Example 1, in step S4, white cardamom is replaced with an equal weight of dried tangerine peel, while the rest remains unchanged.

[0113] Comparative Example 8

[0114] Based on Example 1, in step S6, material C is replaced with an equal weight of attractant, while the rest remain unchanged.

[0115] Comparative Example 9

[0116] Based on Example 1, in step S7, the palatability enhancer is replaced with an equal weight of material C, while all other steps remain unchanged.

[0117] Comparative Example 10

[0118] Based on Example 1, step S5 is omitted, and in step S6, the material E is changed to the material D, while the rest remain unchanged.

[0119] Test Example 1

[0120] Aquaculture test:

[0121] 1400 snakehead fish, weighing between 300±5g, were randomly divided into 14 groups of 100 fish each. Under the same rearing conditions, they were fed snakehead feed supplemented with the feed additives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-10, respectively (the composition of the snakehead feed was consistent, and the weight percentage of the feed additive in the snakehead feed was 2% in all cases; one group was a blank group that was fed snakehead feed directly without any feed additives). The number of snakehead fish with deformities was counted after 120 days of rearing. In addition, the snakehead fish with deformities were weighed (i.e., deformed snakehead fish were not counted), and the average weight gain rate was calculated.

[0122] Table 1. Results of the aquaculture test

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] As can be seen from the comparison of Test Example 1, Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-10 and the blank group, the feed additive prepared by the present invention can effectively prevent snakehead deformities after being added to snakehead feed. At the same time, it does not change the palatability of snakehead feed itself, but on the contrary, it can further promote the growth and development of snakehead.

[0126] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a feed additive to prevent deformities in snakehead fish, characterized in that: The preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Mix Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Bupleurum chinense, slice them, and obtain material A; S2: Dry the material A to obtain material B; S3: Grind and sieve the material B to obtain material C; S4: Add dried tangerine peel, daylily and white cardamom to deionized water, heat water and boil, then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain material D; S5: Filter the material D to remove the filter residue and obtain material E; S6: Add material C to material E, stir and mix, keep warm, and obtain material F; S7: Heat the material F, add the palatability enhancer, and stir at a constant temperature to obtain material G; S8: Dry the material G, and the preparation is complete; The mass ratio of Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Bupleurum chinense, Citrus reticulata peel, Hedyotis diffusa, Amomum villosum, and the palatability enhancer is 7-10:6-9:2-5:6-8:12-15:10-12:6-8:3-4; the mass ratio of deionized water to Citrus reticulata peel is 4:

1. The attractant comprises 1-3 parts by weight of amino acids, 2-4 parts by weight of betaine, 1-3 parts by weight of thiamethoxam dimethyl-β-propionate, 2-3 parts by weight of earthworm powder, and 1-2 parts by weight of plant extract.

2. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and boiling process refers to heating the water to 80-100℃ at a rate of 3-5℃ / min, and then keeping it warm and boiling it in refluxed water for 35-40 minutes.

3. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing temperature is 60-70℃, the mixing speed is 80-120 r / min, and the mixing time is 15-20 min.

4. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating refers to raising the temperature to 75-80℃ at a heating rate of 2-4℃ / min, and then holding it at that temperature.

5. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid is at least one of L-histidine, L-arginine, L-glycine, and L-alanine.

6. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant extract is at least one of nutmeg extract, hawthorn extract, and monk fruit extract.

7. The method for preparing a feed additive for preventing deformities in snakehead fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying process refers to drying at 50-70℃ to a constant weight.

8. The use of a feed additive for preventing snakehead malformation prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7 in the preparation of snakehead feed for preventing snakehead malformation.

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