Prevention and treatment method for paulownia leaf beetles

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of paulownia leaf beetle prevention and control, and discloses a paulownia leaf beetle prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps: winter protection: in the dormancy period of paulownia trees in winter, cleaning barks of the paulownia trees, pruning branches, and removing weeds around roots of the paulownia trees; spring prevention: the spring is a growth period and a leaf beetle damage period of the paulownia trees, natural enemies are utilized, larvae of the leaf beetles are prevented and controlled, and fertilization and fertilizer adjustment are performed in a seedling establishment period of the paulownia trees; in summer, the leaf beetles are in the peak period, and the leaf beetles are killed; autumn inspection: inspecting whether the paulownia tree has the leaf beetles or not in autumn when the paulownia tree begins to enter the dormancy period, and timely finding and eliminating the state of damage of the leaf beetles; the comprehensive prevention and treatment method is efficient, economical, practical and sustainable, harm of paulownia leaf beetles can be effectively controlled, withering, deformation, aging and other conditions of paulownia trees are avoided, and the productivity and quality of the paulownia trees are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and control of paulownia leaf beetles, and in particular to a prevention and control method of paulownia leaf beetles. Background Art

[0002] Paulownia is a tall deciduous tree with excellent material quality. It is light and tough, does not warp or crack, and is not eaten by insects. It has excellent properties such as moisture-proof, heat-insulating, acid-resistant and rot-resistant. It has beautiful texture, good paint dyeing, easy processing, easy carving, good sound conductivity, and can be used to make plywood, aviation models, musical instruments, carved handicrafts, furniture, wire press plates and high-quality paper. It has a strong fast-growing ability and is an important tree species for plain greening, building farmland shelterbelts, planting trees around four sides and intercropping between forests and grains. However, this tree species is susceptible to damage by the paulownia leaf beetle pest.

[0003] Paulownia leaf beetle, also known as Paulownia two-star leaf beetle and Paulownia golden flower beetle, feeds on the leaves of Paulownia trees from May to September every year. The paulownia leaves are damaged by the leaf beetle, which not only reduces its ornamental effect, but also directly reduces the photosynthetic leaf area of ​​the Paulownia tree, reduces the accumulation of nutrients and growth potential of the tree. At the same time, the nutrients of the Paulownia tree are also consumed by the leaf beetle, causing the leaves of the Paulownia tree to turn yellow and shrunken, and the growth and development to be slow. In severe cases, it will cause the death of the Paulownia tree. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for controlling paulownia leaf beetles to solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preventing and controlling paulownia leaf beetles comprises the following steps:

[0007] Winter protection

[0008] Winter is the dormant period of Paulownia trees. Clean the bark, clear the dead branches and leaves, and remove the weeds around the roots to destroy the overwintering living environment of leaf beetles and reduce the insect source. At the same time, set up overwintering sites for lurking and killing.

[0009] Spring prevention

[0010] Spring is the growing season of Paulownia trees and the period when overwintering leaf beetles feed, lay eggs and cause damage to the first generation of larvae. Natural enemies and leaf beetle larvae should be used to control them. In addition, during the period when Paulownia trees turn green, appropriate water and fertilizer should be applied and scientific management and maintenance should be carried out to improve the growth potential of Paulownia trees so that they have sufficient self-compensation ability to resist the damage caused by leaf beetles.

[0011] Summer prevention

[0012] Summer is the peak season for the first-generation adults and second-generation larvae of leaf beetles to cause damage. Paulownia trees are extremely vulnerable to damage. Actively check the leaves, ground under the trees, and ground cover plants for leaf beetle bodies, eggs, or sticky black feces. Once leaf beetles are found on the leaves of Paulownia trees, use drugs to disinfect them.

[0013] Autumn Inspection

[0014] Autumn is the time when Paulownia trees begin to enter a dormant period. It is necessary to inspect the Paulownia trees and observe whether there are adult leaf beetles on them, so as to promptly discover and eliminate the damage caused by leaf beetles.

[0015] Furthermore, during the winter protection process, the protection methods include one or more of clearing the dead branches and leaves of the paulownia tree trunk and surrounding weeds, wrapping the tree trunk with hard foam plastic, tying grass bundles on the tree trunk, setting up a grass pile at the tree base, and using chemical protection;

[0016] Among them, the dead branches and fallen leaves of the paulownia tree trunks and surrounding weeds are removed to eliminate the overwintering living environment of the paulownia leaf beetles, preventing them from successfully overwintering and further harming the paulownia trees the following year;

[0017] Wrap the trunk of the Paulownia tree with rigid foam plastic to protect it and prevent the Paulownia leaf beetle from overwintering in the larger cracks in the bark;

[0018] Tie bundles of grass on the trunks of Paulownia trees to attract Paulownia leaf beetles to overwinter and then destroy them in batches to reduce the number of overwintering leaf beetles.

[0019] Set up haystacks at the base of trees to attract Paulownia leaf beetles to overwinter, and then destroy them in batches to further reduce the number of overwintering leaf beetles.

[0020] During the outbreak period of Paulownia leaf beetles, spray pesticides on the crown of the Paulownia tree to disinfect the leaf beetles.

[0021] Furthermore, during the spring prevention process, the fertilizers applied include one or more of organic fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers and bacterial fertilizers.

[0022] Furthermore, the applied organic fertilizer includes one or more of decomposed compost, straw, and livestock and poultry manure to increase soil fertility, improve the growth potential of the Paulownia tree, and improve self-compensation;

[0023] Phosphorus fertilizers include one or more of mineral phosphorus fertilizers and organic phosphorus fertilizers to promote the development of the root system of the Paulownia tree and enhance the resistance and immunity of the Paulownia tree to leaf beetles;

[0024] The bacterial fertilizer includes one or more of Trichoderma bacterial fertilizer and Bacillus subtilis bacterial fertilizer to increase the organic matter content of the soil, enhance the ecological environment of the soil, and promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

[0025] Furthermore, in the spring prevention process, the use of natural enemies includes protecting and utilizing one or more of the natural enemies of leaf beetles, such as the gnawing wasp, mantis, big black ant, seven-spotted ladybird, and multicolored ladybird. The natural enemies feed on the larvae of leaf beetles and suppress the insect population density of leaf beetles.

[0026] Furthermore, during the spring prevention process, the control of leaf beetle larvae includes manually killing the pupae, larvae and adults of the paulownia leaf beetle, which plays a role in prevention and control.

[0027] Furthermore, during the summer prevention and control process, drones are used to spray biological pesticides to control leaf beetles; biological pesticides include one or more of cypermethrin, macrobanomycin, cypermethrin, and cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrates, which inhibit the growth and development of leaf beetles, kill adults and larvae, and protect the healthy growth of paulownia trees and other plants.

[0028] Furthermore, the method for spraying cypermethrin is as follows: dissolving cypermethrin in water and spraying at a dosage of 200 to 400 grams per mu; the method for spraying cypermethrin is as follows: dissolving cypermethrin in water and spraying at a dosage of 20 to 50 grams per mu; the method for spraying bantamycin is as follows: dissolving bantamycin in water and spraying at a dosage of 1 to 2 grams per mu; the method for spraying deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate is as follows: spraying 1000 to 3000 times diluted solution of 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate.

[0029] Further, during the autumn inspection, one or more of inspecting the bark of the paulownia tree, inspecting fallen leaves, and inspecting the surrounding environment may be included;

[0030] Among them, check the bark of the paulownia tree: Paulownia leaf beetles usually overwinter in the cracks of the bark. Patrol the trunk of the paulownia tree and check if there are any raised barks. If there are, use tools to include them, peel them off, collect them and discard them;

[0031] Check fallen leaves: Paulownia leaves are an important area for paulownia leaf beetles to lay eggs. Check fallen leaves for eggs or larvae of the paulownia leaf beetle. If so, collect and discard the leaves.

[0032] Check the surrounding environment: Are there any garbage, fallen leaves, or fences near the paulownia trees? This area is an important hiding place for paulownia leaf beetles. Clean and disinfect it.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are:

[0034] 1. Year-round protection: The control method provided by the present invention includes control methods for Paulownia leaf beetles at different times of the year, which comprehensively protects Paulownia trees from the harm of leaf beetles;

[0035] 2. Prevention first: In winter and spring, the prevention and control work mainly focuses on destroying or setting up the wintering environment of the paulownia leaf beetle, reducing the insect source and strengthening the nutrition and maintenance of the paulownia tree, improving the tree's own immunity and ability to resist diseases and insects, and achieving the effect of prevention first;

[0036] 3. Flexibility: The control method provided by the present invention is not only targeted at Paulownia leaf beetles, but can be adjusted and optimized according to actual conditions and specific geographical environments, so as to better adapt to local conditions;

[0037] 4. Environmental protection: The control method provided by the present invention focuses on environmental protection and ecological protection, and uses pollution-free and non-toxic control methods and measures to achieve environmental protection;

[0038] 5. Economical: This control method is economical and practical. It can control the paulownia leaf beetle pests through simple methods, reducing the use of pesticides and manpower and material costs;

[0039] In summary, the present invention provides an efficient, economical, practical and sustainable comprehensive prevention and control method, which can effectively control the damage of Paulownia leaf beetles, avoid the occurrence of withering, deformation, aging and the like of Paulownia trees, and increase the productivity and quality of Paulownia trees. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is described in further detail below:

[0041] A method for preventing and controlling paulownia leaf beetles, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0042] Winter protection

[0043] Winter is the dormant period of Paulownia trees. Clean the bark, clear the dead branches and leaves, and remove the weeds around the roots to destroy the overwintering living environment of leaf beetles and reduce the insect source. At the same time, set up overwintering sites for lurking and killing.

[0044] Specifically: remove dead branches, fallen leaves and surrounding weeds from the trunks of paulownia trees to clear the overwintering living environment of paulownia leaf beetles, prevent them from successfully overwintering and further harming paulownia trees the following year; wrap the trunks of paulownia trees with hard foam plastic to protect the trunks to prevent paulownia leaf beetles from overwintering in larger bark cracks; tie bundles of grass on the trunks of paulownia trees to attract paulownia leaf beetles to overwinter and then destroy them in batches to reduce the overwintering insect sources of leaf beetles; set up grass piles at the base of the trees to lure paulownia leaf beetles to overwinter and then destroy them in batches to further reduce the overwintering insect sources of leaf beetles; during the outbreak period of paulownia leaf beetles, spray pesticides on the crowns of paulownia trees to disinfect the leaf beetles;

[0045] Spring prevention

[0046] Spring is the growing season of Paulownia trees and the period when overwintering leaf beetles feed, lay eggs and cause damage to the first generation of larvae. Natural enemies and leaf beetle larvae should be used to control them. In addition, during the period when Paulownia trees turn green, appropriate water and fertilizer should be applied and scientific management and maintenance should be carried out to improve the growth potential of Paulownia trees so that they have sufficient self-compensation ability to resist the damage caused by leaf beetles.

[0047] Specifically: during the spring prevention process, the fertilizers applied include organic fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers and bacterial fertilizers; the organic fertilizers applied include one or more of decomposed compost, straw, and livestock and poultry manure to increase soil fertility, improve the growth potential of paulownia trees, and improve self-compensation; the phosphate fertilizers include one or more of mineral phosphate fertilizers and organic phosphate fertilizers to promote the development of the root system of paulownia trees and enhance the resistance and immunity of paulownia trees to leaf beetles; the bacterial fertilizers include one or more of Trichoderma bacterial fertilizers and Bacillus subtilis bacterial fertilizers to increase the organic matter content of the soil, enhance the ecological environment of the soil, and promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil; protect and utilize one or more of the natural enemies of leaf beetles, such as gnawing wasps, mantises, big black ants, seven-spotted ladybirds, and multicolored ladybirds, which feed on the larvae of leaf beetles and suppress the insect population density of leaf beetles; artificially capture and kill the pupae, larvae and adults of paulownia leaf beetles to play a role in prevention and control;

[0048] Summer prevention

[0049] Summer is the peak season for the first-generation adults and second-generation larvae of leaf beetles to cause damage. Paulownia trees are extremely vulnerable to damage. Actively check the leaves, ground under the trees, and ground cover plants for leaf beetle bodies, eggs, or sticky black feces. Once leaf beetles are found on the leaves of Paulownia trees, use drugs to disinfect them.

[0050] Specifically: use drones to spray biological pesticides to control leaf beetles; biological pesticides include one or more of cypermethrin, giant frog mycin, spotted mycin, and cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate, which inhibit the growth and development of leaf beetles, kill adults and larvae, and protect the healthy growth of paulownia trees and other plants; the method of spraying cypermethrin: dissolve cypermethrin in water and spray at a rate of 200-400 grams per mu; the method of spraying giant frog mycin: dissolve giant frog mycin in water and spray at a rate of 20-50 grams per mu; the method of spraying spotted mycin: dissolve spotted mycin in water and spray at a rate of 1-2 grams per mu; the method of spraying deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate: spray 1000-3000 times diluted solution of 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate.

[0051] Autumn Inspection

[0052] Autumn is the time when Paulownia trees begin to enter their dormancy period. It is necessary to patrol the Paulownia trees to observe whether there are leaf beetles on the trees, so as to promptly discover and eliminate the damage caused by leaf beetles. Among them, the patrol includes checking the bark of the Paulownia trees, checking the fallen leaves and checking the surrounding environment. Check the bark of the Paulownia trees: the eggs of the Paulownia leaf beetles are usually on the bark. Patrol the trunk of the Paulownia tree to check whether there are raised barks. If so, use tools to cover them, peel them off, collect and discard them. Check the fallen leaves: the fallen leaves of Paulownia are an important area for Paulownia leaf beetles to lay eggs. Check whether there are Paulownia leaf beetle eggs on the fallen leaves. If so, collect and discard the leaves. Check the surrounding environment: whether there are garbage, fallen leaves, or fences near the Paulownia trees. This area is an important place for the hatching and breeding of Paulownia leaf beetles. Clean and disinfect them.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] Verify the effectiveness of introducing natural enemies and biopesticides to control leaf beetles:

[0055] (A) Control group: no treatment;

[0056] (II) Experiment on introducing natural enemies

[0057] Experiment 1: Introducing the natural enemy group

[0058] Introduced species Praying Mantis Seven-spotted ladybug Hybrid Number of Paulownia leaf beetles 23.2±2.5 25.2±1.5 18.3±2.4

[0059] Experiment 2: Multiple natural enemy groups

[0060] Introduced species Praying mantises, ladybugs and other beneficial predators Number of Paulownia leaf beetles 12.5±3.3

[0061] The experimental results show that the introduction of natural enemies can control the number of paulownia leaf beetles to a certain extent, among which the control effect of multiple natural enemies is the best. After the introduction of mantis and seven-spotted ladybugs, the number of paulownia leaf beetles decreased significantly, indicating that the introduction of natural enemies is beneficial to the control of paulownia leaf beetles.

[0062] 2. Biological pesticide experiment

[0063] Experiment: Biological pesticide spraying

[0064] pesticide Chrysanthemum Macrobrachium Banthion Deltamethrin EC Number of Paulownia leaf beetles 20.2±1.8 25.6±2.1 30.4±2.4 26.1±2.3

[0065] The results showed that the use of biological pesticides can significantly reduce the number of paulownia leaf beetles, and the effect of chrysanthemum chloranthone was the most significant. After spraying chrysanthemum chloranthone, the number of paulownia leaf beetles decreased by about 85% within 7 days.

[0066] 3. Integrated control experiment

[0067] Treatment Group Introducing natural enemies and biopesticides Number of Paulownia leaf beetles 5.8±1.5

[0068] The above data are all experimental averages (mean ± standard deviation).

[0069] The integrated control experiment used a combination of natural enemies and biopesticides, and the results showed that the integrated control method was more effective than a single control method. After using the integrated control method, the number of paulownia leaf beetles decreased by about 95%.

[0070] Embodiment 2

[0071] To explore the control effects of different types of fertilizers (including organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer) on Paulownia leaf beetle:

[0072] Materials: 10 adult Paulownia seedlings; 2 liters each of organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and bacterial fertilizer; 20 Paulownia leaf beetles; burette, weighing machine, sprayer, etc.

[0073] Experimental methods:

[0074] 1) Divide the Paulownia seedlings into 5 groups, with 2 plants in each group;

[0075] 2) Spraying organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and a control group without fertilizer, with each group applying 1L of fertilizer;

[0076] 3) Inject appropriate amount of water to moisten the soil;

[0077] 4) Leave it for 2 days to allow the fertilizer to be fully absorbed by the Paulownia;

[0078] 5) Distribute the paulownia leaf beetles evenly on each group of paulownia seedlings;

[0079] 6) Observe and record the number of paulownia leaf beetles on each group of seedlings;

[0080] 7) After one week, observe and record the growth and status of each group of seedlings.

[0081] After experiments, the following results were obtained:

[0082] 1) After applying organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer, the number of Paulownia leaf beetles decreased, among which bacterial fertilizer had the best effect;

[0083] 2) The application of different types of fertilizers has no obvious effect on the growth of Paulownia, but bacterial fertilizer has a certain promoting effect on the growth of Paulownia.

[0084] In summary, the use of bacterial fertilizer has a significant effect on the prevention and control of Paulownia leaf beetles without affecting the growth of Paulownia; bacterial fertilizer can be used for prevention and control in Paulownia cultivation.

[0085] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling Paulownia leaf beetle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Winter protection Winter is the dormant period of Paulownia trees. Clean the bark, clear the dead branches and leaves, and remove the weeds around the roots to destroy the overwintering living environment of leaf beetles and reduce the insect source. At the same time, set up overwintering sites for lurking and killing. Spring prevention Spring is the growing season of Paulownia trees and the period when overwintering leaf beetles feed, lay eggs and cause damage to the first generation of larvae. Natural enemies and leaf beetle larvae should be used to control them. In addition, during the period when Paulownia trees turn green, appropriate water and fertilizer should be applied and scientific management and maintenance should be carried out to improve the growth potential of Paulownia trees so that they have sufficient self-compensation ability to resist the damage caused by leaf beetles. Summer prevention Summer is the peak season for the first-generation adults and second-generation larvae of leaf beetles to cause damage. Paulownia trees are extremely vulnerable to damage. Actively check the leaves, ground under the trees, and ground cover plants for leaf beetle bodies, eggs, or sticky black feces. Once leaf beetles are found on the leaves of Paulownia trees, use drugs to disinfect them. Autumn Inspection Autumn is the time when Paulownia trees begin to enter a dormant period. It is necessary to inspect the Paulownia trees and observe whether there are adult leaf beetles on them, so as to promptly discover and eliminate the damage caused by leaf beetles.

2. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the winter protection process, the protection methods include one or more of clearing the dead branches and leaves of the Paulownia tree trunk and surrounding weeds, wrapping the tree trunk with hard foam plastic, tying grass bundles on the tree trunk, setting up a grass pile at the tree base, and using chemical protection; Among them, the dead branches and fallen leaves of the paulownia tree trunks and surrounding weeds are removed to eliminate the overwintering living environment of the paulownia leaf beetles, preventing them from successfully overwintering and further harming the paulownia trees the following year; Wrap the trunk of the Paulownia tree with rigid foam plastic to protect it and prevent the Paulownia leaf beetle from overwintering in the larger cracks in the bark; Tie bundles of grass to the trunks of Paulownia trees to lure Paulownia leaf beetles to overwinter, then destroy them in batches to reduce the number of overwintering leaf beetles. Set up haystacks at the base of trees to attract Paulownia leaf beetles to overwinter, and then destroy them in batches to further reduce the number of overwintering leaf beetles. During the outbreak period of Paulownia leaf beetles, spray pesticides on the crown of the Paulownia tree to disinfect the leaf beetles.

3. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the spring prevention process, the fertilizers applied include one or more of organic fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers and bacterial fertilizers.

4. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The organic fertilizers applied include one or more of decomposed compost, straw, and livestock and poultry manure to increase soil fertility, improve the growth potential of Paulownia trees, and enhance self-compensation; Phosphorus fertilizers include one or more of mineral phosphorus fertilizers and organic phosphorus fertilizers to promote the development of the root system of the Paulownia tree and enhance the resistance and immunity of the Paulownia tree to leaf beetles; The bacterial fertilizer includes one or more of Trichoderma bacterial fertilizer and Bacillus subtilis bacterial fertilizer to increase the organic matter content of the soil, enhance the ecological environment of the soil, and promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

5. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the spring prevention process, the use of natural enemies includes protecting and utilizing one or more of the natural enemies of leaf beetles, such as the gnawing wasp, mantis, big black ant, seven-spotted ladybird, and multicolored ladybird. The natural enemies feed on the larvae of leaf beetles and suppress the insect population density of leaf beetles.

6. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the spring prevention process, the control of leaf beetle larvae includes manually capturing the pupae, larvae and adults of Paulownia leaf beetles to play a preventive and control role.

7. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the summer prevention and control process, drones are used to spray biological pesticides to control leaf beetles; biological pesticides include one or more of cypermethrin, giant frog mycin, cypermethrin, and cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrates, which inhibit the growth and development of leaf beetles, kill adults and larvae, and protect the healthy growth of paulownia trees and other plants.

8. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of spraying cypermethrin is as follows: dissolving cypermethrin in water and spraying at a dosage of 200-400 grams per mu; the method of spraying cypermethrin is as follows: dissolving cypermethrin in water and spraying at a dosage of 20-50 grams per mu; the method of spraying bantamycin is as follows: dissolving bantamycin in water and spraying at a dosage of 1-2 grams per mu; the method of spraying deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate is as follows: spraying 1000-3000 times diluted solution of 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate.

9. The method for controlling paulownia leaf beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the autumn inspection, one or more of the following may be included: checking the bark of the paulownia tree, checking the fallen leaves, and checking the surrounding environment; Among them, check the bark of the paulownia tree: Paulownia leaf beetles usually overwinter in the cracks of the bark. Patrol the trunk of the paulownia tree and check if there are any raised barks. If there are, use tools to include them, peel them off, collect them and discard them; Check fallen leaves: fallen leaves of Paulownia are an important area for Paulownia leaf beetles to lay eggs. Check fallen leaves for eggs or larvae of Paulownia leaf beetles. If so, collect and discard the leaves. Check the surrounding environment: Are there any garbage, fallen leaves, or fences near the paulownia trees? This area is an important hiding place for paulownia leaf beetles. Clean and disinfect it.