Compact prefabricated substation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated substations, in particular to a compact prefabricated substation which comprises a substation box body, a transformer, a power distribution cabinet body, a high-voltage cable and a low-voltage cable, the transformer and the power distribution cabinet body are arranged in the substation box body, and the power distribution cabinet body comprises a high-voltage power distribution device, a low-voltage power distribution device and an intelligent power distribution device. A metering device and a reactive power compensation device are arranged in the low-voltage power distribution device, the metering device is used for metering electric energy, and the reactive power compensation device is used for adjusting power factors; the intelligent power distribution device comprises an intelligent gateway, a sensor unit and a reactive compensation monitoring device. The intelligent gateway communicates with the management center through a wireless communication network and realizes an intelligent networking protocol. According to the scheme, arrangement is compact and reasonable, and space is saved; the outgoing line switches are complete in type and sufficient in number; and meanwhile, multiple functions of reactive compensation, metering monitoring, intelligent monitoring and the like are also provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated substations, and particularly to a compact prefabricated substation. Background Art

[0002] A prefabricated substation is a complete set of substation equipment that is prefabricated and assembled in a factory at the end of the distribution network, including a transformer, high-voltage switchgear and control equipment, low-voltage switchgear and control equipment, internal wiring (cables, busbars, etc.), metering, compensation, arresters and other auxiliary equipment.

[0003] Due to the large number of components, complex structure, cumbersome wiring method, and comprehensive considerations such as transportation convenience, appearance aesthetics, and customer specific requirements, the product structure and appearance form of prefabricated substations are diverse. At present, the prefabricated substations applied in China are mainly European, American and domestic types, and each type of prefabricated substation has some deficiencies:

[0004] 1. European prefabricated substations lack reactive power compensation and metering functions, and in order to avoid derating, blowing cooling measures are mostly adopted at high temperatures, and natural cooling cannot be used to cool down;

[0005] 2. American prefabricated substations adopt a neutral grounding wiring method, which does not conform to the neutral non-grounding system in China; the load switch is simplified and placed in the transformer oil tank immersed in oil, which is not conducive to heat dissipation and affects the transformer heat, resulting in too high temperature rise; the space of the substation box is limited and the number of outgoing line switches is small;

[0006] 3. Domestic prefabricated substations combine the characteristics of European and American types, and the main layout methods are "eye" shape or "pin" shape, with a large volume; and the degree of intelligence is low, mostly using on-site manual operation or detection, the labor intensity of operators is large, and the operating parameters cannot be remotely and real-time grasped, and emergencies cannot be quickly responded to. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a compact prefabricated substation with a compact and reasonable equipment layout, saving space; a complete variety and sufficient quantity of outgoing line switches; and at the same time, it also provides various functions such as reactive power compensation, metering monitoring, and intelligent sending of operating parameters.

[0008] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A compact prefabricated substation, comprising a substation box body, a transformer, a distribution cabinet body, a high-voltage cable and a low-voltage cable. The transformer and the distribution cabinet body are placed inside the substation box body. The distribution cabinet body includes a high-voltage distribution device, a low-voltage distribution device and an intelligent distribution device. The high-voltage distribution device includes a high-voltage switch, and the high-voltage switch is connected to the transformer through a high-voltage cable. The low-voltage distribution device includes a low-voltage switch, a metering device and a reactive power compensation device. The low-voltage switch is connected to the transformer through a low-voltage cable. The metering device is used for electric energy metering, and the reactive power compensation device is used for power factor regulation. The intelligent distribution device includes an intelligent gateway, a sensor unit and a reactive power compensation monitoring device. The intelligent gateway communicates with a management center through a wireless communication network. The sensor unit and the reactive power compensation monitoring device are electrically connected to the intelligent gateway. The sensor unit is used for collecting the working state parameters of the substation, and the reactive power compensation monitoring device is used for monitoring the number of compensation capacitors put into operation.

[0010] Furthermore, the interior of the substation box body includes three independent compartments, namely a transformer room, a high-voltage room and a low-voltage room, arranged in a "mu" shape. Fire-retardant partitions are installed between the independent compartments, and an insulating protection net is installed in the transformer room.

[0011] Furthermore, the substation box body is made of 304 stainless steel and reinforced fiber unsaturated polyester type materials. The protection grade of the outer shell is not lower than IP33D, and the protection grade of the bottom is not lower than IP44D.

[0012] Furthermore, the low-voltage room and the transformer room are equipped with forced ventilation cooling devices, and the forced ventilation cooling devices have manual and automatic working modes. The substation box body is provided with a heat-insulating top cover, and the heat-insulating top cover is a double-layer inclined top structure in an inverted V shape, with a rain-proof eaves.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution device is a 10kV system, and the neutral grounding method is one of non-grounding, arc suppression coil grounding or small resistance grounding; the low-voltage distribution device is a 0.4kV system, and the neutral point is directly grounded.

[0014] Furthermore, the low-voltage distribution device is equipped with an emergency power generation vehicle interface. When the substation capacity is 400kVA, 1 group of emergency power generation vehicle interfaces with a rated current of 500A is equipped, and the outgoing line rated current and circuit adopt the form of 4*400A; when the substation capacity is 630kVA, 1 group of emergency power generation vehicle interfaces with a rated current of 500A is equipped, and the outgoing line rated current and circuit adopt the form of 2*630A + 2*400A.

[0015] Furthermore, the compensation capacity of the reactive power compensation device is 20% of the transformer capacity, and the compensation method is 30% phase-by-phase compensation and 70% three-phase common compensation.

[0016] Furthermore, the sensor unit includes an oil-immersed transformer state quantity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke alarm sensor, and a low-voltage cable head temperature sensor.

[0017] Furthermore, the substation box body is provided with a box door, and the box door is equipped with a door status monitoring sensor. When the box door is opened, the door status monitoring sensor generates a door opening signal and sends it to the intelligent gateway.

[0018] Furthermore, the intelligent power distribution device includes a readable memory, in which a substation networking management program is stored. When the substation networking management program is running, an intelligent networking protocol of the prefabricated substation is implemented.

[0019] Principles and advantages of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention improves the traditional prefabricated substation in many aspects in terms of overall structure.

[0021] In the structural layout of the substation, the functional areas are arranged reasonably. The box design of the substation takes into account multiple needs such as safety protection, heat dissipation, protection against small animals, and aesthetics, and has a protection level not lower than IP33D.

[0022] The low-voltage switch part is equipped with a variety of functional structures, including electric energy metering devices, reactive power compensation devices and emergency power generation vehicle interfaces. The metering device is set in the low-voltage system part, and the installation position, meter stand and junction box, and secondary cable of the electric energy meter are reserved. The electric energy metering device can be flexibly configured according to the actual user's situation. The reactive power compensation device is set in the low-voltage power distribution system, which can adjust the power factor, monitor the number of capacitors put into use, and monitor the fault alarm of the compensation function. The generated fault alarm interacts with the intelligent gateway through the RS485 interface and Modbus protocol and is sent to the management center. The emergency power generation vehicle interface can realize the power supply access of the emergency power generation vehicle in the event of a ring network failure, and provide users with a continuous and reliable power supply through the transformer and high-voltage distribution system of the substation.

[0023] The intelligent power distribution device is equipped with a variety of sensor types, which can accurately and comprehensively monitor the various working status data of the substation. The monitoring data is transmitted to the management center in real time through the intelligent gateway, and the operation and maintenance personnel can accurately monitor the working conditions of the substation remotely. At the same time, the intelligent power distribution device is equipped with a dedicated networking protocol, which can network multiple prefabricated substations to achieve a more complex network topology structure, ensuring that in the event of a single substation failure, the substations in the entire network can still reliably communicate with the management center.

[0024] The overall structure and functional units of the prefabricated substation of this application comply with relevant industry standards and have good accessibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A front view of a compact prefabricated substation according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A top view of a compact prefabricated substation according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A side view of a substation box of a compact prefabricated substation of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the side view of the incoming cabinet and compensation cabinet;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a ring network type prefabricated substation;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a terminal-type prefabricated substation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0032] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: substation box 1, transformer 2, high-voltage room 3, transformer room 4, low-voltage room 5, high-voltage cable 6, low-voltage cable 7, intelligent gateway 8, top cover 9, box door 10, metering device 11, reactive power compensation device 12, emergency generator vehicle interface 13, high-voltage incoming line cabinet 14, high-voltage outgoing line cabinet 15, transformer cabinet 16, reserved cabinet 17.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a compact prefabricated substation includes a substation box 1, a transformer 2, a distribution cabinet, a high-voltage cable 6 and a low-voltage cable 7.

[0035] The substation box 1 is made of 304 stainless steel and reinforced fiber unsaturated polyester material. The shell is provided with a spray-coated protective layer to block the heat radiation from the sun. The protection level of the shell is not less than IP33D. There are silk-screen warning signs on the surface of the shell and red and white reflective warning tapes are pasted. The bottom of the substation box 1 includes a base frame and a bottom plate installed on the base frame. The base frame and the bottom plate are made of channel steel and 304 stainless steel respectively, and the protection level is not less than IP44D.

[0036] The top of the substation box body 1 is provided with a top cover 9, which is a double-layer inclined roof structure in an inverted V shape, equipped with a rain eaves, and has good structural strength and heat insulation performance. The four sides of the box body are provided with outward-opening box doors 10, the opening angle of the box doors is greater than 120°, and a positioning device is provided. The box door 10 is provided with a sealing measure, equipped with a door lock, a handle and a deadbolt, which can prevent rain, blockage and rust. The box door 10 is provided with an audible and visual warning device, and the audible and visual warning device is activated when the box door 10 is opened. The side view of the box body structure is as Figure 3 shown.

[0037] The interior of the substation box body includes three independent compartments: a high-voltage compartment 3, a transformer compartment 4 and a low-voltage compartment 5 arranged in a "mu" shape. Each independent compartment is provided with automatically opening and closing lighting facilities. Fire-retardant partitions are installed between the independent compartments, and the protection level between the internal compartments is not lower than IP2XC. The ports between the box bodies are sealed with a polymer moisture-proof sealant. The transformer compartment 4 and the low-voltage compartment 5 are provided with forced ventilation and cooling devices. The fans can be automatically started and stopped respectively according to the pre-set temperature values of the transformer compartment and the low-voltage compartment, and have manual and automatic modes.

[0038] The front view of the substation is as Figure 2 shown. The transformer 2 and the power distribution cabinet are placed inside the substation box body. The power distribution cabinet body includes a high-voltage power distribution device, a low-voltage power distribution device and an intelligent power distribution device. Among them, the transformer 2 is installed in the transformer compartment 4, and the transformer 2 is a 10kV oil-immersed power distribution transformer (meeting the requirements of Class II energy efficiency and above in GB 20052). The transformer compartment 4 is installed with an insulating protection net, and the mesh size is 40mm×40mm, which can prevent accidental intrusion of electricity and is conducive to inspection and temperature measurement. The high-voltage power distribution device is installed in the high-voltage compartment 3, and the high-voltage switch is connected to the transformer 2 through a high-voltage cable 6. The high-voltage cable 6 is a single-core Class A flame-retardant cable, and its model is ZRA YJV-8.7 / 15. The high-voltage cable 6 is fixed at multiple points in the transformer compartment 4; the low-voltage power distribution device is installed in the low-voltage compartment 5, and the low-voltage switch is connected to the transformer 2 through a low-voltage cable 7. The high-voltage power distribution device is a 10kV system, and the neutral grounding method is one of non-grounding, arc suppression coil grounding or small resistance grounding; the low-voltage power distribution device is a 0.4kV system, and the neutral point is directly grounded.

[0039] A metering device 11 and a reactive power compensation device 12 are arranged in the low-voltage power distribution device. A metering device room is designed in the low-voltage main cabinet of the prefabricated substation. The metering device room reserves the installation positions of two metering meters, and reserves a meter rack, a junction box and secondary cables. The metering device room can be sealed with lead seals, and the electric energy metering device can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. A reactive power compensation device 12 is also installed in the low-voltage main cabinet to adjust the power factor, and the compensation capacity is 20% of the transformer capacity. The compensation method combines 30% phase-by-phase compensation and 70% three-phase common compensation.

[0040] At the same time, the low voltage power distribution device is also equipped with an emergency power generation vehicle interface 13, such as Figure 4 When the substation capacity is 400kVA, it is equipped with a set of emergency generator car interfaces with a rated current of 500A, and the rated current and circuit of the outgoing line are in the form of 4*400A; when the substation capacity is 630kVA, it is equipped with a set of emergency generator car interfaces with a rated current of 500A, and the rated current and circuit of the outgoing line are in the form of 2*630A+2*400A.

[0041] The intelligent power distribution device includes an intelligent gateway 8, a sensor unit and a reactive compensation monitoring device. Among them, the intelligent gateway 8 communicates with the management center through a wireless communication network. The sensor unit includes an oil-immersed transformer state quantity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke alarm sensor, and a low-voltage cable head temperature sensor. The sensor unit and the reactive compensation monitoring device are electrically connected to the intelligent gateway 8. The sensor unit is used to collect the working state parameters of the substation, and the reactive compensation monitoring device is used to monitor the number of compensation capacitors put into use. The intelligent gateway 8 is installed above the middle of the transformer room network door and the box transformer shell door. It adopts dual power supply, in which the main power supply is powered by the AC 220V power supply of the distribution box in the distribution station; the backup power supply is powered by a battery or a DC system in the station. Under normal circumstances, the intelligent gateway 8 is powered by the AC power supply of the distribution box in the distribution station. When the AC power is off, the intelligent gateway 8 switches to the backup power supply.

[0042] The door 10 of the substation box is equipped with a door status monitoring sensor. When the door 10 is opened, the door status monitoring sensor generates a door opening signal and sends it to the intelligent gateway 8.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the intelligent power distribution device includes a readable memory, in which a substation networking management program is stored. When the substation networking management program is running, the intelligent networking protocol of the prefabricated substation is implemented.

[0045] According to the position of the substation in the network structure, the network type includes ring network type and terminal type. In the intelligent distribution device of the ring network substation, the intelligent gateway is standard; in the intelligent distribution device of the terminal type substation, the intelligent gateway is optional, and the installation position of the intelligent gateway is reserved in the substation box. When the prefabricated substation is designed as a ring network type, the plan layout is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the high-voltage incoming line cabinet 14, the high-voltage outgoing line cabinet 15 and the transformer cabinet 16 are arranged in sequence in the high-voltage room; when the terminal type of the prefabricated substation is designed as a terminal type, the plane layout diagram is as shown in Figure 6 As shown, a reserved cabinet 17, a high-voltage incoming line cabinet 14 and a transformer cabinet 16 are arranged in sequence in the high-voltage room.

[0046] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the field involved in this implementation case. The common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A compact prefabricated substation, comprising a substation box, a transformer, a distribution cabinet, a high-voltage cable and a low-voltage cable, wherein the transformer and the distribution cabinet are placed in the substation box, characterized in that: The distribution cabinet body includes a high-voltage power distribution device, a low-voltage power distribution device, and an intelligent power distribution device. The high-voltage power distribution device includes a high-voltage switch, and the high-voltage switch is connected to the transformer through a high-voltage cable. The low-voltage power distribution device includes a low-voltage switch, a metering device, and a reactive power compensation device. The low-voltage switch is connected to the transformer through a low-voltage cable. The metering device is used for electric energy metering, and the reactive power compensation device is used for power factor adjustment. The intelligent power distribution device includes an intelligent gateway, a sensor unit, and a reactive power compensation monitoring device. The intelligent gateway communicates with the management center through a wireless communication network. The sensor unit and the reactive power compensation monitoring device are electrically connected to the intelligent gateway. The sensor unit is used to collect the operating state parameters of the substation, and the reactive power compensation monitoring device is used to monitor the number of compensation capacitors put into operation.

2. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the substation box body, there are three independent compartments including a transformer room, a high-voltage room, and a low-voltage room arranged in an "eye" shape. Fire-retardant partitions are installed between the independent compartments, and an insulating protection net is installed in the transformer room.

3. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The substation box body is made of 304 stainless steel and reinforced fiber unsaturated polyester materials. The protection level of the outer shell is not less than IP33D, and the protection level of the bottom is not less than IP44D.

4. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-voltage room and the transformer room are equipped with forced ventilation and cooling devices, and the forced ventilation and cooling devices have manual and automatic operating modes. The substation box body is provided with a heat-insulating top cover, and the heat-insulating top cover is a double-layer inclined roof structure in an inverted V shape with a rain-proof eaves.

5. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-voltage power distribution device is a 10kV system, and the neutral grounding method is one of non-grounding, arc suppression coil grounding, or small resistance grounding. The low-voltage power distribution device is a 0.4kV system with direct neutral grounding.

6. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The low-voltage power distribution device is equipped with an emergency power generation vehicle interface. When the substation capacity is 400kVA, 1 group of emergency power generation vehicle interfaces with a rated current of 500A is equipped, and the outgoing line rated current and loop adopt the form of 4*400A. When the substation capacity is 630kVA, 1 group of emergency power generation vehicle interfaces with a rated current of 500A is equipped, and the outgoing line rated current and loop adopt the form of 2*630A + 2*400A.

7. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compensation capacity of the reactive power compensation device is 20% of the transformer capacity, and the compensation method is 30% phase-separated compensation and 70% three-phase common compensation.

8. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensor unit includes an oil-immersed transformer status quantity sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke alarm sensor, and a low-voltage cable head temperature measurement sensor.

9. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The substation box body is provided with a box door, and the box door is configured with an audible and visual warning device and a door status monitoring sensor. When the box door is opened, the audible and visual warning device is activated, and at the same time, an opening signal is generated and sent to the intelligent gateway.

10. A compact prefabricated substation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The intelligent power distribution device includes a readable memory, and a substation networking management program is stored in the readable memory. When the substation networking management program runs, the intelligent networking protocol of the prefabricated substation is realized.

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