Internet of Things terminal communication method supporting Lora communication distance automatic adaptation

Abstract

The invention relates to an Internet of Things terminal communication method supporting Lora communication distance automatic adaptation. The method comprises the steps that an ora terminal is initialized; the Lora gateway establishes a Lora terminal list; the Lora terminal uploads a message including the communication parameters of the Lora terminal to the Lora gateway; the Lora gateway receives a message which is uploaded by the Lora terminal and comprises the signal strength of the Lora terminal; the Lora gateway issues a message for adjusting communication parameters of the Lora terminal to the Lora terminal; the Lora terminal receives a message which is issued by the Lora gateway and comprises the adjustment of communication parameters of the Lora terminal; and the Lora terminal is dormant. In the invention, the Lora terminal and the Lora gateway can adjust and change the communication parameters in time so as to automatically adapt to a new communication environment and improve the communication quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an Internet of Things terminal communication method supporting automatic adaptation of Lora communication distance. Background Art

[0002] Lora Long Range Radio is a long-distance wireless transmission technology based on spread spectrum technology. In fact, it is also one of the many LPWAN (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) communication technologies. It was first adopted and promoted by Semtech in the United States. This solution provides users with a simple means of long-distance, low-power wireless communication. At present, Lora mainly operates in the ISM frequency band, mainly including 433 / 868 / 915 MHz, etc. Under the same power consumption conditions, the transmission distance is 3-5 times larger than other wireless methods, achieving the unity of low power consumption and long distance.

[0003] Lora is the physical layer or wireless modulation used to establish long-distance communication links. Many traditional wireless systems use frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation as the physical layer because it is a very efficient modulation that achieves low power consumption. Lora is based on linear frequency modulation spread spectrum modulation, which maintains the same low power consumption characteristics as FSK modulation, but significantly increases the communication distance. Linear spread spectrum has been used in the military and space communications for decades due to its ability to achieve long communication distances and robustness to interference, but Lora is the first low-cost implementation for commercial use.

[0004] Currently, the wireless distance range of Lora applications in cities is 1 to 2 kilometers, and the wireless distance in suburbs can reach up to 20km. At a given location, the distance depends largely on the environment or obstacles. The communication effects in different application sites are not uniform, and users are required to adjust the communication parameters according to the actual communication effects.

[0005] Problems and shortcomings of the existing technology:

[0006] (1) The existing Lora communication module can optimize the Lora modulation and demodulation technology through three key design parameters: modulation spreading factor, modulation bandwidth, and error correction coding rate. However, the specific modulation method is relatively complicated and requires professional personnel to implement it on site.

[0007] (2) The interference situation of wireless communication on site is unstable, especially the switch cabinet partial discharge monitoring terminal is usually installed in the power distribution room, surrounded by metal cabinets and walls for reflection and shielding. When the switch cabinet fails and discharges, electromagnetic signal interference will also be generated. When the communication environment changes, the terminal cannot automatically adapt to the new communication environment, which can easily lead to a decline in communication quality and an increase in the drop rate.

[0008] (3) Lora communication is related to both the terminal and the gateway. When the on-site communication effect is not good, it is necessary to adjust the terminal communication parameters and the gateway communication parameters at the same time. The adjustment process requires the programs on both ends to adapt automatically. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for adaptively optimizing communication performance between a Lora communication terminal and a gateway device.

[0010] An Internet of Things terminal communication method supporting automatic adaptation of Lora communication distance, Lora terminal initialization;

[0011] Lora gateway establishes Lora terminal list;

[0012] The Lora terminal uploads a message including the communication parameters of the Lora terminal to the Lora gateway;

[0013] The Lora gateway receives the message uploaded by the Lora terminal including the signal strength of the Lora terminal;

[0014] The Lora gateway sends messages to the Lora terminal including adjusting the communication parameters of the Lora terminal;

[0015] The Lora terminal receives a message sent by the Lora gateway including adjusting the communication parameters of the Lora terminal;

[0016] The Lora terminal is in sleep mode.

[0017] Furthermore, the Lora terminal initialization step includes: waking up the Lora terminal; and initializing the software and hardware of the Lora terminal.

[0018] Furthermore, the step of establishing a Lora terminal list by the Lora gateway includes: starting the Lora gateway; initializing the software and hardware of the Lora gateway; and establishing a Lora terminal list.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of uploading a message from the Lora terminal to the Lora gateway includes: data sampling; packaging a data message containing communication parameters of the Lora terminal; and a Lora communication module in the Lora terminal uploading a message to the Lora gateway.

[0020] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message from the Lora terminal by the Lora gateway include:

[0021] The Lora gateway determines whether it has received a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal;

[0022] If a new message is received, parse the new message and update the status of the Lora terminal in the list;

[0023] The Lora gateway determines the status signal strength of the Lora terminal;

[0024] If the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is low, the output adjusts the communication parameters of the Lora terminal;

[0025] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message from the Lora terminal by the Lora gateway include:

[0026] The Lora gateway determines whether it has received a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal;

[0027] If no new message is received, continue receiving and continue to determine whether a new message is received.

[0028] If the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is high, continue to determine whether a new message is received.

[0029] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message sent by the Lora gateway by the Lora terminal include:

[0030] Determine whether the Lora gateway has received the message sent;

[0031] If no message is received, the Lora terminal enters sleep mode.

[0032] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message sent by the Lora terminal under the Lora gateway include:

[0033] Determine whether the Lora gateway has received the message sent;

[0034] If a message is received, the Lora terminal parses the message;

[0035] Determine whether communication parameters need to be changed;

[0036] If you need to change the communication parameters, change the communication parameters of the Lora terminal.

[0037] Furthermore, if the communication parameters do not need to be changed, the Lora terminal enters a dormant state.

[0038] Furthermore, the communication parameters include at least one of a spreading factor, an error correction coding rate, and a bandwidth.

[0039] Furthermore, the value range of the spreading factor is 6 to 12, the value range of the error correction coding rate is 4 / 5 to 4 / 8, and the value of the bandwidth is one of 125k, 250k, and 500k.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) By improving the communication mechanism between the terminal and the gateway, the present application can realize that when the operating environment of the Lora terminal changes, causing communication interference and reduced online rate, the Lora terminal changes its own communication parameters, and the Lora gateway can adjust the communication parameters of the Lora terminal in time, thereby automatically adapting to the new communication environment and improving the communication quality.

[0042] (2) The communication parameter adjustment of the present application is automatically implemented in the software of the device without human intervention;

[0043] (3) The hardware changes to the existing Lora communication terminals and gateways are minor, and the main improvements are in software and communication mechanisms, which are relatively low in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is the communication flow chart of Lora terminal;

[0045] Figure 2 This is the communication flow chart of the Lora gateway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The invention discloses an Internet of Things terminal communication method supporting automatic adaptation of Lora communication distance, comprising the following steps: initializing a Lora terminal; establishing a Lora terminal list through a Lora gateway; uploading a message to a Lora gateway; receiving a message uploaded by a Lora terminal through a Lora gateway; sending a message to a Lora terminal through a Lora gateway; receiving a message sent by a Lora gateway; and sleeping the Lora terminal.

[0047] In order to increase the running time of the Lora terminal, the Lora terminal initialization step includes: waking up the Lora terminal; and initializing the software and hardware of the Lora terminal.

[0048] Furthermore, the step of establishing a Lora terminal list by the Lora gateway includes: starting the Lora gateway; initializing the software and hardware of the Lora gateway; and establishing a Lora terminal list.

[0049] Furthermore, the step of uploading a message from the Lora terminal to the Lora gateway includes: data sampling; packaging a data message containing communication parameters of the Lora terminal; and a Lora communication module in the Lora terminal uploading a message to the Lora gateway.

[0050] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message from the Lora terminal by the Lora gateway include:

[0051] The Lora gateway determines whether it has received a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal;

[0052] If a new message is received, parse the new message and update the status of the Lora terminal in the list;

[0053] The Lora gateway determines the status signal strength of the Lora terminal;

[0054] If the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is low, the output adjusts the communication parameters of the Lora terminal;

[0055] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message from the Lora terminal by the Lora gateway include:

[0056] The Lora gateway determines whether it has received a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal;

[0057] If no new message is received, continue receiving and continue to determine whether a new message is received.

[0058] If the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is high, continue receiving and continue to determine whether a new message is received.

[0059] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message sent by the Lora gateway by the Lora terminal include:

[0060] Determine whether the Lora gateway has received the message sent;

[0061] If no message is received, the Lora terminal enters sleep mode.

[0062] Furthermore, the steps of receiving the message sent by the Lora terminal under the Lora gateway include:

[0063] Determine whether the Lora gateway has received the message sent;

[0064] If a message is received, the Lora terminal parses the message;

[0065] Determine whether communication parameters need to be changed;

[0066] If you need to change the communication parameters, change the communication parameters of the Lora terminal.

[0067] Furthermore, if the communication parameters do not need to be changed, the Lora terminal enters a dormant state.

[0068] In order to improve the communication quality and enhance the Lora communication effect in the switch cabinet state, the following communication parameters are selected, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the spreading factor, the error correction coding rate, and the bandwidth.

[0069] In order to meet the electromagnetic interference generated by the switch cabinet and make the communication between the Lora terminal and the Lora gateway adaptive, the spread spectrum factor is set in the range of 6 to 12, the error correction coding rate is set in the range of 4 / 5 to 4 / 8, and the bandwidth is set to one of 125k, 250k, and 500k.

[0070] Figure 1 It is the communication flow chart of Lora terminal.

[0071] S101, Lora terminal wakes up;

[0072] S102, Lora terminal software and hardware initialization

[0073] S103, data sampling;

[0074] S104, packing a data message containing Lora terminal communication parameters;

[0075] S105, the Lora communication module in the Lora terminal uploads a message to the Lora gateway;

[0076] S106, the Lora terminal receives the message sent by the Lora gateway; determines whether the Lora gateway has received the sent message; if the sent message is not received, the Lora terminal enters a dormant state.

[0077] S107, if the sent message is received, the Lora terminal parses the sent message and determines whether the communication parameters need to be changed; if the communication parameters do not need to be changed, the Lora terminal enters a dormant state.

[0078] S108: If the communication parameters need to be changed, the communication parameters of the Lora terminal are changed.

[0079] The working process of the Lora terminal is to wake up from the sleep state regularly, collect data and calculate and process after waking up, and upload the data and communication parameters through the Lora communication module after the processing is completed. The Lora communication module is configured according to the default parameters (spreading factor 6, bandwidth 125k, error correction coding rate 4 / 5). After completing the data upload, the terminal will wait for 5 seconds to receive the return message from the gateway (including whether to modify the communication parameters). If the message requires modification of the communication parameters, the relevant configuration parameters of the Lora module will be updated. After completion, the terminal enters the sleep state and waits for the next wake-up.

[0080] Figure 2This is the communication flow chart of the Lora gateway.

[0081] S201, Lora gateway starts;

[0082] S202, software and hardware initialization of Lora gateway;

[0083] S203, establishing a Lora terminal list;

[0084] S204, the Lora gateway receives the message from the Lora terminal;

[0085] S205, the Lora gateway determines whether a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal is received; if no message is received, it continues to receive and continues to determine whether a new message is received;

[0086] S206, if a new message is received, parse the new message and update the status of the Lora terminal in the list;

[0087] S207, the Lora gateway determines the status signal strength of the Lora terminal; if the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is high, continue receiving and continue to determine whether a new message is received.

[0088] S208, if the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is low, output the communication parameters of the Lora terminal for adjusting; the Lora gateway sends a message including the communication parameters of the Lora terminal to the Lora terminal.

[0089] The workflow of the Lora gateway is to receive the messages sent by the terminal in real time and forward them to the corresponding background system. At the same time, the gateway will maintain a terminal communication status list and count the communication status, communication parameters and online rate of each terminal. Each time the gateway receives a message sent by a terminal, it will parse it and forward the terminal collection data to the corresponding background for processing. The communication parameters sent by the terminal are used to update the terminal communication status list. For terminals with low signal strength and low online rate, the communication parameters are adjusted, such as increasing the spread factor (6 to 12) and error correction coding rate (4 / 5 to 4 / 8) or bandwidth (125, 250, 500), and the adjusted configuration parameters are organized as return messages and sent to the terminal. At the same time, the terminal list parameters are updated to ensure that the message is sent according to the new communication parameters in the later stage.

[0090] The principle of the present invention is that Lora communication consists of two parts, one part is the Lora terminal, and the other part is the Lora gateway. The Lora terminal and the Lora gateway establish a communication connection through the LoRa network.

[0091] In this application, the Lora terminal has data collection and processing functions. The Lora terminal adopts a low-power design, and the Lora terminal has a timed sleep and wake-up function. After waking up, the Lora terminal performs data collection and processing. After completing the collection and processing process, the Lora terminal uploads the processed data to the Lora gateway.

[0092] The Lora gateway is always online. After receiving the upload message from the Lora terminal, it forwards and stores it. At the same time, according to the effective communication of the Lora terminal, it counts the online rate and communication status of the Lora terminal.

[0093] By improving the communication mechanism of Lora terminals and Lora gateways, it can be achieved that when the operating environment of the Lora terminal changes, causing communication interference and reduced online rate, the Lora terminal and Lora gateway can adjust and change communication parameters in time, thereby automatically adapting to the new communication environment and improving communication quality.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method for an Internet of Things terminal supporting automatic adaptation of Lora communication distance, characterized in that: Lora terminal initialization; Lora gateway establishes Lora terminal list; The Lora terminal uploads a message including the communication parameters of the Lora terminal to the Lora gateway; The Lora gateway receives the message uploaded by the Lora terminal including the signal strength of the Lora terminal; The Lora gateway sends messages to the Lora terminal including adjusting the communication parameters of the Lora terminal; The Lora terminal receives a message sent by the Lora gateway including adjusting the communication parameters of the Lora terminal; The Lora terminal is in sleep mode.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Lora terminal initialization step includes: Lora terminal wakes up; Software and hardware initialization of Lora terminal.

3. The communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps of establishing the Lora terminal list of the Lora gateway include: Lora gateway started; Software and hardware initialization of Lora gateway; Create a list of Lora terminals.

4. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for the Lora terminal to upload a message to the Lora gateway include: Data sampling; Pack the data message containing the Lora terminal communication parameters; The Lora communication module in the Lora terminal uploads messages to the Lora gateway.

5. The communication method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps for the Lora gateway to receive messages from the Lora terminal include: The Lora gateway determines whether it has received a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal; If a new message is received, parse the new message and update the status of the Lora terminal in the list; The Lora gateway determines the status signal strength of the Lora terminal; If the status signal strength of the Lora terminal is low, the output adjusts the communication parameters of the Lora terminal.

6. The communication method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps for the Lora gateway to receive messages from the Lora terminal include: The Lora gateway determines whether it has received a new message uploaded by the Lora terminal; If no new message is received, continue receiving and continue to determine whether a new message is received.

7. If the signal strength of the Lora terminal is high, continue to receive and continue to determine whether a new message is received. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for the Lora terminal to receive the message sent by the Lora gateway include: Determine whether the Lora gateway has received the message sent; If no message is received, the Lora terminal enters sleep mode.

8. The communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps for the Lora terminal to receive the message sent by the Lora gateway include: Determine whether the Lora gateway has received the message sent; If a message is received, the Lora terminal parses the message; Determine whether communication parameters need to be changed; If you need to change the communication parameters, change the communication parameters of the Lora terminal.

9. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that: If the communication parameters do not need to be changed, the Lora terminal enters the sleep state.

10. The communication method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The communication parameters include at least one of the spreading factor, error correction coding rate, and bandwidth. The value range of the spreading factor is 6 to 12, the value range of the error correction coding rate is 4 / 5 to 4 / 8, and the value of the bandwidth is one of 125k, 250k, and 500k.

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