Multi-level decoding set partitioning for nonlinear reduction

Abstract

Various aspects of this disclosure relate generally to wireless communications. In some aspects, a mobile station may obtain a multi-level decoding (MLC) configuration to be applied to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, which includes multiple constellation symbols and has nonlinearity based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The mobile station may process the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, based at least in part on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 807,098, filed June 15, 2022, entitled “MULTI-LEVEL CODING SET PARTITIONING FOR NON-LINEARITY REDUCTION,” which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the earlier application is considered part of this patent application and is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication, and specifically to techniques and apparatus for multi-level decoding set partitioning for nonlinear reduction. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a collection of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with network nodes via downlink and uplink communication. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from the network node to the UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via local links (e.g., sidelinks (SL), wireless local area network (WLAN) links, and / or wireless personal area network (WPAN) links, and other examples). The aforementioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide common protocols enabling different UEs to communicate at the city, country, region, and / or global levels. New Radio (NR) (which may be 5G) is a collection of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard issued by 3GPP. NR is designed to better integrate with other open standards by improving spectral efficiency, reducing costs, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (CP-OFDM), and CP-OFDM and / or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation, thereby better supporting mobile broadband internet access. Further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a mobile station. The method may include: obtaining from the mobile station a multi-level coding (MLC) configuration to be applied to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having a nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The method may include: processing the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: receiving capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The method may also include: transmitting an MLC configuration to the mobile station, the MLC configuration instructing the MLC set partitioning to be performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication performed by a mobile station. The apparatus may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to obtain from the mobile station an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising a plurality of constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols. The one or more processors may be configured to process the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication performed by a network node. The apparatus may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit an MLC configuration to the mobile station instructing the MLC set partitioning to be performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a mobile station. When executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, the set of instructions enables the mobile station to obtain an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising a plurality of constellation symbols and having a nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols. When executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, the set of instructions enables the mobile station to process the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions enables the network node to receive capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least partially based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. When executed by one or more processors of the network node, the set of instructions enables the network node to send an MLC configuration to the mobile station instructing the MLC set partitioning to be performed at least partially based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for obtaining an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising a plurality of constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols. The apparatus may include components for processing the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The apparatus may include means for transmitting an MLC configuration to the mobile station, the MLC configuration instructing the MLC set partitioning to be performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0014] The entirety of the terms includes methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and illustrated therein.

[0015] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to this disclosure have been summarized quite extensively above in order to provide a better understanding of the specific embodiments described below. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of protection of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, in both their organization and manner of operation, and the associated advantages, will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each drawing is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a limitation of the claims.

[0016] While aspects are described herein by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user equipment, vehicles, communication equipment, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / shopping devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers). The aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user equipment of various sizes, shapes, and configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To gain a full understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the invention, briefly summarized above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only specific, typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not intended to limit its scope, as other equally valid aspects may be acknowledged in the specification. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 4 This is an illustration of an example of a multi-level decoding (MLC) set partitioning based at least in part on symbol distance according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of MLC set partitioning for nonlinear reduction according to this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of MLC set partitioning and constellation subsets according to this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a mobile station according to this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network node according to this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or method of practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods implemented using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0029] Various devices and techniques will now be used to illustrate several aspects of a telecommunications system. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed embodiments and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0030] Although the terms generally associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT) may be used to describe the aspects herein, the aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0031] Figure 1This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. Wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, etc. Wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), one user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. Network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UE 120. As shown, network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, network node 110 can be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), which means that network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes, such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs).

[0032] In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes such as RU that communicate with UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes such as DU that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul or midhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes such as CU that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or with the core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 (such as aggregated network node 110 or decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. For example, network node 110 may include NR base stations, LTE base stations, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points, Transmit / Receive Points (TRPs), DUs, RUs, CUs, network mobility elements, core network nodes, network elements, network equipment, RAN nodes, or combinations thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 can interconnect with each other or with one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks).

[0033] In some examples, network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), depending on the context in which the term is used, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 and / or the network node subsystem serving that coverage area. Network node 110 may provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A picocell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with the femtocell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). Network node 110 used for macrocells may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for picocells may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 used for femtocells can be called a femtocell network node or a home network node. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. A network node can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, the cells may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cells can move depending on the location of a mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0034] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a clustered base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, DU, RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a number of different devices (which may be located in the same geographical location or different geographical locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeat at least a portion of the performance of that function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions can be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions rather than the other. In this way, a single device can include more than one base station.

[0035] Wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node capable of receiving data transmissions from an upstream node (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) and transmitting data to a downstream node (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs 120. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. The network node 110 for relay communication may be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay network node, relay node, repeater, etc.

[0036] The wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, etc. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different effects on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0037] Network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with a set of network nodes 110, and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. Network controller 130 may communicate with network nodes 110 via a backhaul or midhaul link. Network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other, or indirectly via a wireless or wired backhaul link. In some aspects, network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0038] UE 120 may be distributed across the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a GPS device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0039] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine-Type Communication (MTC) or Evolved or Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that can communicate with network nodes, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer site equipment. UE 120 may be included within a housing that houses the components of UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0040] Generally, any number of wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network 100 can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT can be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency can be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency in a given geographical area can support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0041] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary device to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0042] Devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating frequency bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz-7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz-52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6GHz" band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is different from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz-300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0043] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as intermediate frequency (IF) bands. Recent 5G NR studies have designated the operating bands for these IF bands as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz-24.25GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus can effectively extend the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to IF band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been designated as the frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz-71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz-114.25GHz), and FR5 (114.25GHz-300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0044] Considering the examples above, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that when the term "below 6 GHz" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that can be below 6 GHz, within FR1, or that can include intermediate frequency bands. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that when the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency bands, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band. It is considered that frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0045] In some aspects, a mobile station (e.g., UE 120) may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may obtain a multi-level decoding (MLC) configuration to be applied to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; and process the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0046] In some aspects, network node 110 may include communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 150 may receive capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; and send an MLC configuration to the mobile station instructing that the MLC set partitioning be performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. Additionally or alternatively, communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0047] As indicated above, Figure 1 Provided as an example. Other examples may be found with reference to [the relevant source]. Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating example 200 of communication between network node 110 and user equipment (UE) 120 in a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. Network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). Network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and modems 254. In some examples, network node 110 may include an interface, communication components, or another component facilitating communication with UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components facilitating direct communication with UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0049] At network node 110, transmitting processor 220 may receive data from data source 212 intended for use by UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120). Transmitting processor 220 may select one or more modulation and decoding schemes (MCS) for UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for UE 120 and provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmitting processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a set of corresponding modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream can be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 can use a corresponding modulator component to process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 can further use a corresponding modulator component to process the output sample stream (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or up-convert) to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t can transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a set of corresponding antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0050] At UE 120, an array of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) can receive downlink signals from network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and can provide an array of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to an array of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal can be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 can use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 can use the demodulator component to further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from modem 254, perform MIMO detection on these received symbols where applicable, and provide the detected symbols. The receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provide decoded control and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameters, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameters, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameters, and / or CQI parameters, etc. In some examples, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284.

[0051] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, such as those in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with network node 110 via communication unit 294.

[0052] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, collections of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a collection of coplanar antenna elements, a collection of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (such as...). Figure 2 One or more antenna elements (one or more components in the process).

[0053] On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of UE 120 may include a modulator and demodulator. In some examples, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figures 5 to 10 ( ) aspects of any of the methods described.

[0054] At network node 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of modem 232 shown as DEMOD), detected by MIMO detector 236 (where applicable), and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Network node 110 may include communication unit 244 and may communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network node 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some examples, modem 232 of network node 110 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, network node 110 includes transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figures 5 to 10 ( ) aspects of any of the methods described.

[0055] The controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and / or Figure 2 Any other component may perform one or more techniques associated with the MLC set partitioning for nonlinearity reduction, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component that can execute or direct, for example Figure 7 The process 700 Figure 8 The operation of process 800 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, and / or interpretation), these one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, and / or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example... Figure 7 Process 700 Figure 8 The operation of process 800 and / or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transformation instructions, compilation instructions, and / or interpretation instructions, etc.

[0056] In some aspects, a mobile station (e.g., UE 120) includes components for obtaining an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising a plurality of constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols; and / or components for processing the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. In some aspects, components for the mobile station to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of, for example, a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0057] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) includes components for receiving capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning for a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; and / or components for transmitting an MLC configuration to the mobile station, the MLC configuration indicating that the MLC set partitioning is performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. In some aspects, components for the network node to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 150, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, a modem 232, an antenna 234, a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, or a scheduler 246.

[0058] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above for these boxes can be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described for transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 can be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0059] As indicated above, Figure 2 Provided as an example. Other examples may be found with reference to [the relevant source]. Figure 2 The examples described are different.

[0060] Communication systems (such as 5G NR systems) can be deployed with various components or parts arranged in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, RAN nodes, core network nodes, network elements, base stations, or network equipment can be implemented in aggregated or decomposed architectures. For example, base stations (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), TRP, or cell, etc.) or one or more units (or one or more components) that perform base station functions can be implemented as aggregated base stations (also known as standalone base stations or monolithic base stations) or decomposed base stations. A "network entity" or "network node" can refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or combinations thereof).

[0061] Aggregated base stations (e.g., aggregated network nodes) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or cell). Decomposed base stations (e.g., decomposed network nodes) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more cells (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, the CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may also be implemented as a virtual cell, such as a Virtual Central Unit (VCU), a Virtual Distributed Unit (VDU), or a Virtual Radio Unit (VRU), etc.

[0062] Base station type operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in IAB networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed independently. Decomposed base stations can include functionality implemented across two or more units in various physical locations, as well as functionality virtually implemented for at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. Each unit of a decomposed base station can be configured to communicate wirelessly with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0063] Figure 3 This is an illustration of an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units (such as near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via a corresponding midhaul link, such as via an F1 interface. Each DU 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding fronthaul link. Each RU 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via a corresponding radio frequency (RF) access link. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0064] Each unit in the clusters (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340), as well as the near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO frame 305, may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each unit in the cluster, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or more communication interfaces of the respective unit, may be configured to communicate with one or more units in other clusters via transmission media. In some examples, each unit in these clusters may include a wired interface and a wireless interface, the wired interface being configured to receive signals via a wired transmission media or transmit signals to one or more units in other clusters, and the wireless interface may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) configured to receive signals via a wireless transmission media or transmit signals to one or more units in other clusters, or both.

[0065] In some aspects, the CU 310 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. Each control function may be implemented with an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP) functions), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP) functions), or combinations thereof. In some specific implementations, the CU 310 may be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 330 for network control and signaling purposes, as needed.

[0066] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 340s. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, MAC layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to functional partitioning such as that defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, etc. In some aspects, the DU 330 may also host one or more low PHY layers, such as those implemented by one or more modules for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), Digital Beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU310.

[0067] Each RU 340 can implement lower-level functionality. In some deployments, the RU 340 controlled by the DU 330 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions such as performing FFT, performing iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, based on function decomposition (e.g., function decomposition defined by 3GPP) such as lower-level function decomposition. In this architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of communication with the control plane and user plane of the RU 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration allows each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as vRAN.

[0068] SMO framework 305 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with cloud computing platforms such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RT RIC 325. In some specific implementations, SMO framework 305 may communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 may also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0069] The non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logical functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 325 (e.g., via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logical functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) through data collection and action, connecting one or more CU 310s, one or more DU 330s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 325.

[0070] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or the near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 can monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and use AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0071] As indicated above, Figure 3 Provided as an example. Other examples may be found with reference to [the relevant source]. Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0072] Figure 4 This is an illustration of example 400 of an MLC set partitioning based at least in part on symbolic distance according to this disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, set partitioning can be used to generate multiple constellation subsets, at least in part, based on the constellation set.

[0073] As indicated by reference numeral 405, a constellation diagram may include constellation points plotted in Euclidean space. In the illustrated example 400, the constellation diagram depicts a set of constellations associated with a 16-point quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) telecommunications scheme with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN).

[0074] As shown by reference numeral 410, the constellation set is divided into subsets, where each level of subset has a minimum Euclidean distance d2 between points in the subset, which is greater than the minimum Euclidean distance d1 between points in the highest level (constellation set). Euclidean distance is the linear distance between adjacent constellation points on the constellation map. This Euclidean distance is a measure of the hard-decision decoder's ability to distinguish between points in the subset in the presence of noise. For example, the Euclidean distance could be the distance to errors associated with decoding one or more least significant bits. As shown by reference numeral 415, the subset is further divided into subsets with a minimum Euclidean distance d3, which is greater than the minimum Euclidean distance d2 of the next highest level. As shown by reference numeral 420, further subsets are similarly divided into subsets with a minimum Euclidean distance d4, which is greater than the minimum Euclidean distance d3 of the next highest level. For example, d4 > d3 > d2 > d1.

[0075] As mentioned above, set partitioning can involve hierarchical separation of constellations into multiple constellation subsets, with an increasing minimum Euclidean distance within each level. Decoding of the information carried by each constellation subset can be protected by different code rates to maximize overall spectral efficiency. In the case of omnidirectional AWGNs, the optimal partitioning of hierarchical constellation sets is independent of noise variance. However, in the case of nonlinear noise, the impact of noise may vary depending on the symbol positions within the constellation.

[0076] Communication in the sub-THz frequency band (e.g., 90 GHz to 300 GHz) may suffer from increased phase noise and reduced power amplifier efficiency. Network node 110 can be configured to use DFT-s-OFDM (e.g., instead of standard OFDM) to transmit downlink communication to reduce phase noise and increase power amplifier efficiency. In some respects, MLC can be used for power reduction, for example, to reduce the number of channel bits that need to pass through a low-density parity (LDPC) encoder / decoder. Figure 4 The MLC set partitioning shown and described above (e.g., traditional MLC set partitioning) can be designed as constellation subsets with minimum distances that grow continuously. Symbols that are close to each other in the constellation may require lower decoding rates and therefore may have higher power requirements, while symbols that are far apart from each other may use higher decoding rates and therefore may have lower power requirements.

[0077] In some cases, conventional MLC set partitioning may be unsuitable for constellations with increased phase noise and / or reduced power amplifier efficiency, such as communications in the sub-THz spectrum and communications using DFT-s-OFDM. For example, while each symbol in a constellation partitioned using conventional MLC set partitioning may experience approximately the same nonlinearity, constellation symbols associated with sub-THz communications may exhibit different nonlinearities depending on the symbol's position within the constellation. The sub-THz bandwidth can experience increased nonlinearity within the constellation, and because the constellation can be associated with a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, this nonlinearity can be directly translated into the constellation and not into added noise (as is the case in OFDM). Therefore, MLC set partitioning of constellation symbols based solely on the distance between constellation symbols may not adequately reduce nonlinearity within the constellation.

[0078] This document describes techniques and apparatus for MLC set partitioning for nonlinearity reduction. In some aspects, a mobile station (e.g., a UE) may obtain an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The mobile station may process the QAM constellation set using MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. For example, the mobile station may partition the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset comprising a first portion of constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a second portion of constellation symbols, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0079] As described above, conventional MLC set partitioning may be unsuitable for constellations with increased phase noise and / or reduced power amplifier efficiency, such as those used for communication in the sub-THz spectrum and / or communication using DFT-s-OFDM. For example, while each symbol in a constellation partitioned using conventional MLC set partitioning may experience substantially the same nonlinearity, constellation symbols associated with sub-THz communication may exhibit different nonlinearities depending on the symbol's position within the constellation. Using the techniques and apparatus described herein, the mobile station can be configured to partition the constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset, at least in part based on the phase noise and / or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. Therefore, the nonlinearity caused by increased phase noise and / or reduced power amplifier efficiency can be reduced.

[0080] As indicated above, Figure 4 Provided as an example. Other examples may be provided relative to... Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0081] Figure 5 This is an illustration of example 500 of an MLC set partitioning for nonlinear reduction according to this disclosure. Mobile station 505 can communicate with network node 110. Mobile station 505 may include some or all of the features of UE 120, CU 310, DU 330 and / or RU 340 described herein.

[0082] As shown in conjunction with reference numeral 510, mobile station 505 can transmit MLC capability information, and network node 110 can receive the MLC capability information. The MLC capability information indicates whether mobile station 505 is capable of performing MLC set partitioning. For example, the MLC capability information may indicate whether mobile station 505 is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise and / or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. In some aspects, the MLC capability information may indicate whether mobile station 505 is capable of performing MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the constellation set. In some aspects, the constellation set may be a QAM constellation, such as a 16QAM constellation.

[0083] As shown in conjunction with reference numeral 515, network node 110 may transmit an MLC configuration to be applied to a constellation set, the MLC configuration comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols, and mobile station 505 may receive the MLC configuration. As described herein, the constellation set may be associated with a DFT-s-OFDM signal. The MLC configuration may instruct mobile station 505 to perform MLC set partitioning to reduce phase noise and / or increase power amplifier efficiency, as described below.

[0084] As shown in conjunction with reference numeral 520, mobile station 505 may process the constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to an MLC configuration, based at least in part on phase noise and / or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the constellation set. In some aspects, processing the constellation set may include partitioning the constellation set into a first constellation subset comprising a first portion of constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a second portion of constellation symbols. In some aspects, mobile station 505 may partition the constellation set into the first and second constellation subsets using the least significant bits of the constellation set and at least in part on phase noise and / or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the constellation set.

[0085] In some respects, multiple constellation symbols may include one or more corner constellation symbols located in one or more corners of a constellation set, one or more inner constellation symbols located in the inner part of the constellation set, and one or more edge constellation symbols located in the edge part of the constellation set and not corresponding to these corner constellation symbols. In this case, the first constellation subset may include corner constellation symbols and inner constellation symbols, and the second constellation subset may include edge constellation symbols.

[0086] In some aspects, mobile station 505 may further divide the first constellation subset and the second constellation. In some aspects, the first constellation subset may be divided into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and the second constellation subset may be divided into a second plurality of other constellation subsets. For example, the first constellation subset may be divided into a third constellation subset and a fourth constellation subset, and the second constellation subset may be divided into a fifth constellation subset and a sixth constellation subset. The third constellation subset may include a portion of the constellation symbols of the first constellation subset, while the fourth constellation subset may include another portion of the constellation symbols of the first constellation subset. The fifth constellation subset may include a portion of the constellation symbols of the second constellation subset, and the sixth constellation subset may include another portion of the constellation symbols of the second constellation subset. In some aspects, based at least in part on the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation symbols within the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset, mobile station 505 may divide the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets and may divide the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets. Figure 6 Additional details about these characteristics are described.

[0087] In some aspects, a partition level may use channel decoding of a different type than that of another partition level. For example, a partition level close to the initial constellation set (e.g., a partition level including a subset of constellations with a larger number of constellation symbols) may use a first type of channel decoding with a lower decoding rate, while a partition level far from the initial constellation set (e.g., a partition level including a subset of constellations with a smaller number of constellation symbols) may use a second type of channel decoding with a higher decoding rate. In the example above, the first and second constellation subsets (located in the first partition level) may use the first type of channel decoding with a lower decoding rate, and the first plurality of other constellation subsets and the second plurality of other constellation subsets (located in the second partition level) may use the second type of channel decoding with a higher decoding rate. In some aspects, the first type of channel decoding may be LDPC channel decoding, which requires higher power consumption, and the second type of channel decoding may be Reed-Solomon coding or Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem coding, which uses lower power consumption.

[0088] In some aspects, mobile station 505 may send an indication of the MCS to be applied using MLC set partitioning, and network node 110 may receive this indication. For example, mobile station 505 may send the indication of the MCS based at least in part on the phase noise profile of mobile station 505. In some aspects, network node 110 may send an indication of the MCS to be applied using MLC set partitioning, and mobile station 505 may receive this indication. For example, network node 110 may send downlink control information (DCI) or media access control (MAC) control element (CE) (MAC-CE) indicating that MLC set partitioning should be used for a nonlinear MCS. In some aspects, network node 110 may send a DCI indicating the code rate to be used for MLC set partitioning, and mobile station 505 may receive this DCI. The MLC configuration and MLC set partitioning described herein can be applied to downlink communication, uplink communication, or both downlink and uplink communication, etc.

[0089] As described above, conventional MLC set partitioning may be unsuitable for constellations with increased phase noise and / or reduced power amplifier efficiency, such as those used for communication in the sub-THz spectrum and / or for communication using DFT-s-OFDM. For example, while each symbol in a constellation partitioned using conventional MLC set partitioning may experience substantially the same nonlinearity, constellation symbols associated with sub-THz communication may exhibit different nonlinearities depending on the symbol's position within the constellation. Using the techniques and apparatus described herein, mobile station 505 can be configured to partition the constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset, at least in part based on the phase noise and / or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. Therefore, the nonlinearity resulting from increased phase noise and / or reduced power amplifier efficiency can be reduced.

[0090] As indicated above, Figure 5 Provided as an example. Other examples may be provided for... Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0091] Figure 6This is an illustration of Example 600, which illustrates MLC set partitioning and constellation subsets according to this disclosure. As described herein, MLC set partitioning can be used to address nonlinearities within constellations such as QAM constellations (e.g., 16QAM constellations). In some aspects, MLC set partitioning can be initiated by moving corner constellation symbols away from symbols adjacent to them (e.g., edge constellation symbols). In the sub-THz spectrum, corner constellation symbols may experience the greatest phase noise nonlinearity and the greatest power amplification nonlinearity. As shown in Example 600, a first MLC set partitioning level may include a first constellation subset 610 and a second constellation subset 615, the first constellation subset including all edge constellation symbols (excluding corner constellation symbols) of constellation 605, and the second constellation subset including all corner constellation symbols and all inner constellation symbols of constellation 605. The first MLC set partitioning level may be represented by a first bit b0, wherein a first state of the bit (b0 = 0) corresponds to the first constellation subset 610, and a second state of the bit (b0 = 1) corresponds to the second constellation subset 615.

[0092] In some aspects, the second MLC set partitioning level may include further partitioning of the first constellation subset 610 and the second constellation subset 615. The first constellation subset 610 may be partitioned into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and the second constellation subset 615 may be partitioned into a second plurality of other constellation subsets. The first constellation subset 610 and the second constellation subset 615 may be partitioned to maximize the minimum Euclidean distance within the new constellation subset. For example, the first constellation subset 610 may be partitioned into a first other constellation subset 625 and a second other constellation subset 630 to maximize the minimum Euclidean distance between edge constellation symbols. The second MLC set partitioning level may be represented by a first bit b1, wherein a first state of this bit (b1 = 0) corresponds to the first other constellation subset 625, and a second state of this bit (b1 = 1) corresponds to the second other constellation subset 630. As described herein, the MLC set partitioning level may have different channel codes to protect constellation subsets. For example, the first MLC set partitioning level (including the first constellation subset 610 and the second constellation subset 615) can use a first type of decoding utilizing a low decoding rate, while the second MLC set partitioning level (including the first other constellation subset 625 and the second other constellation subset 630) can use a second type of decoding utilizing a high decoding rate. For example, the first MLC set partitioning level can use LDPC decoding, and the second MLC set partitioning level can use Reed-Solomon decoding or Bosch-Chadhury-Hokungamme decoding. In some aspects, the MLC set partitioning level including (or corresponding to) the most significant bit (MSB) may not require encoding or decoding.

[0093] As indicated above, Figure 6 Provided as an example. Other examples may be provided relative to... Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0094] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed by a mobile station, for example, according to this disclosure. Example process 700 is an example in which a mobile station (e.g., mobile station 505) performs operations associated with MLC set partitioning for nonlinear reduction.

[0095] like Figure 7 As shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include: obtaining an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having a nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols (box 710). For example, a mobile station (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The communication manager 140 and / or acquisition component 908 described herein can obtain an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, which includes multiple constellation symbols and has nonlinearity based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols, as described above.

[0096] like Figure 7 As further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include: processing the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning based on an MLC configuration, at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set (box 720). For example, a mobile station (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The communication manager 140 and / or partitioning component 910 depicted herein may process the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning configured according to the MLC, based at least in part on the phase noise or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set, as described above.

[0097] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0098] In the first aspect, the QAM constellation set is associated with the Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFM) signal.

[0099] In a second aspect, processing the QAM constellation set, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, includes dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset comprising a first part including constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a second part including constellation symbols.

[0100] In a third aspect, dividing a QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, comprises dividing the QAM constellation set into the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset using the least significant bit of the QAM constellation set and at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0101] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the plurality of constellation symbols include a plurality of corner constellation symbols located in a plurality of corners of the QAM constellation set, a plurality of interior constellation symbols located in an interior portion of the QAM constellation set, and a plurality of edge constellation symbols located in an edge portion of the QAM constellation set excluding corner constellation symbols, wherein the first constellation subset includes corner constellation symbols and interior constellation symbols, and the second constellation subset includes edge constellation symbols.

[0102] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 700 includes: dividing the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets based at least in part on the minimum Euclidean distance between constellation symbols within the first and second constellation subsets, and dividing the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets.

[0103] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset use the first type of channel decoding, and the first plurality of other constellation subsets and the second plurality of other constellation subsets use the second type of channel decoding.

[0104] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the first type of channel decoding has a lower decoding rate than the second type of channel decoding.

[0105] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the first type of channel decoding is low-density parity-check decoding, and the second type of channel decoding is Reed-Solomon decoding.

[0106] In the ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, process 700 includes: sending a capability message associated with the mobile station performing MLC set partitioning.

[0107] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the capability information also indicates whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the QAM constellation set.

[0108] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, process 700 includes: sending an indication of phase noise nonlinearity or power amplification nonlinearity.

[0109] In the twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, process 700 includes: sending an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0110] In the thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, process 700 includes: receiving an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0111] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, process 700 includes: receiving downlink control information, the downlink control information including an indication of MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for MLC set partitioning.

[0112] In the fifteenth aspect, the QAM constellation set is associated with downlink wireless communication signals, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects.

[0113] In the sixteenth aspect, the QAM constellation set is associated with uplink wireless communication signals, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifteenth aspects.

[0114] In the seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixteenth aspects, the QAM constellation set is associated with communications performed in the spectrum between 90 GHz and 300 GHz.

[0115] although Figure 7 An example box of process 700 is shown, but in some respects, process 700 may include... Figure 7 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes, boxes, or boxes in a different manner. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 700 may be executed in parallel.

[0116] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed by a network node, for example, according to this disclosure. Example process 800 is an example in which a network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with MLC set partitioning for non-linear reduction.

[0117] like Figure 8As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include: receiving capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having at least in part a nonlinearity based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols (box 810). For example, network nodes (e.g., using...) Figure 10 The communication manager 150 and / or receiving component 1002 depicted herein can receive capability information from a mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols, as described above.

[0118] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include: sending an MLC configuration to a mobile station, the MLC configuration instructing the performance of MLC set partitioning based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set (box 820). For example, network nodes (e.g., using...) Figure 10 The communication manager 150 and / or the transmitting component 1004 depicted herein may transmit an MLC configuration to the mobile station, which instructs the MLC set partitioning to be performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set, as described above.

[0119] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0120] In the first aspect, the QAM constellation set is associated with the Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFM) signal.

[0121] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the MLC configuration instruction performs MLC set partitioning by using the least significant bit and at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0122] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the MLC configuration instruction performs MLC set partitioning by dividing the QAM constellation into a first constellation subset comprising multiple corner constellation symbols and multiple inner constellation symbols, and a second constellation subset comprising multiple edge constellation symbols.

[0123] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the MLC configuration instruction for performing MLC set partitioning by dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset is at least partially based on the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation symbols within the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset to divide the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets.

[0124] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the MLC configuration indicates a first type of channel decoding to be applied to a first subset of constellations and a second subset of constellations, and a second type of channel decoding to be applied to a first plurality of other subsets of constellations and a second plurality of other subsets of constellations.

[0125] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the first type of channel decoding has a lower decoding rate than the second type of channel decoding.

[0126] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the first type of channel decoding is low-density parity-check decoding, and the second type of channel decoding is Reed-Solomon decoding.

[0127] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the capability information indicates whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the QAM constellation set.

[0128] In the ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, process 800 includes: receiving an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0129] In the tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, process 800 includes: sending an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0130] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, process 800 includes: sending downlink control information, which includes an indication of MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for MLC set partitioning.

[0131] although Figure 8 An example box of process 800 is shown, but in some respects, process 800 may include... Figure 8 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0132] Figure 9 This is a diagram of an example device 900 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 900 may be a mobile station, or a mobile station may include device 900. In some aspects, device 900 includes a receiving component 902 and a transmitting component 904 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 900 can use the receiving component 902 and the transmitting component 904 to communicate with another device 906 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 900 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include one or more of a receiving component 908 or a dividing component 910, etc.

[0133] In some respects, device 900 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 6 to 7 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, device 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 7 The process is 700. In some respects, Figure 9 The illustrated device 900 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described mobile station. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0134] Receiver 902 may receive communications from device 906, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 900. In some aspects, receiver 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 900. In some aspects, receiver 902 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The mobile station described includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0135] Transmitting component 904 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 906. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 900 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 904 for transmission to device 906. In some aspects, transmitting component 904 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 906. In some aspects, transmitting component 904 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described mobile station includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 904 may be co-located with the receive component 902 in a transceiver.

[0136] Component 908 obtains an MLC configuration to be applied to a QAM constellation set, which includes multiple constellation symbols and has nonlinearity based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. Partitioning component 910 processes the QAM constellation set using MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, based at least in part on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0137] The partitioning component 910 can partition the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets, based at least in part on the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation symbols within the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset.

[0138] Transmitting component 904 can transmit capability information associated with the mobile station performing MLC set partitioning. Transmitting component 904 can transmit indications of phase noise nonlinearity or power amplification nonlinearity. Transmitting component 904 can transmit indications of the modulation and decoding scheme to be applied for MLC set partitioning. Receiving component 902 can receive indications of the modulation and decoding scheme to be applied for MLC set partitioning. Receiving component 902 can receive downlink control information, including indications of MLC configuration and the code rate to be used for MLC set partitioning.

[0139] Figure 9 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, they can exist in... Figure 9 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 9 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 9 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 9 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0140] Figure 10 This is a diagram of an example device 1000 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1000 may be a network node, or a network node may include device 1000. In some aspects, device 1000 includes a receiving component 1002 and a transmitting component 1004 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1000 can use the receiving component 1002 and the transmitting component 1004 to communicate with another device 1006 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1000 may include a communication manager 150. Communication manager 150 may include a configuration component 1008, etc.

[0141] In some respects, device 1000 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 5 to 6 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 The process is 800. In some respects, Figure 10 The illustrated device 1000 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described network node. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 10 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0142] Receiver 1002 may receive communications from device 1006, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1002 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1000. In some aspects, receiver 1002 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications, and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1000. In some aspects, receiver 1002 may include combinations of... Figure 2The network node described includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0143] Transmitting component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1006. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1000 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1004 for transmission to device 1006. In some aspects, transmitting component 1004 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1006. In some aspects, transmitting component 1004 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described network node includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1004 may be co-located with the receive component 1002 in a transceiver.

[0144] The receiving component 1002 can receive capability information from the mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing MLC set partitioning on a QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols. The transmitting component 1004 and / or the configuration component 1008 can transmit MLC configuration components to the mobile station, the MLC configuration indicating that MLC set partitioning should be performed at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0145] The receiving component 1002 can receive an indication of the modulation and decoding scheme for which MLC set partitioning is to be applied. The transmitting component 1004 can transmit the indication of the modulation and decoding scheme for which MLC set partitioning is to be applied. The transmitting component 1004 can transmit downlink control information, which includes an indication of MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for MLC set partitioning.

[0146] Figure 10 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 10 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 10 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 10 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 10 The collection of (one or more) components shown can perform actions described as being performed by Figure 10 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0147] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0148] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication performed by a mobile station, the method comprising: obtaining, by the mobile station, a multi-level decoding (MLC) configuration to be applied to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising a plurality of constellation symbols and having a nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols; and processing the QAM constellation set using an MLC set partitioning according to the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0149] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal.

[0150] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein processing the QAM constellation set comprises: dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset comprising a first part of the constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a second part of the constellation symbols.

[0151] Aspect 4: According to the method of aspect 3, dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset comprises: dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset using the least significant bit of the QAM constellation set and at least in part based on the phase noise or the power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0152] Aspect 5: According to the method of aspect 3, wherein the plurality of constellation symbols include a plurality of corner constellation symbols located in a plurality of corners of the QAM constellation set, a plurality of internal constellation symbols located in an inner portion of the QAM constellation set, and a plurality of edge constellation symbols located in an edge portion of the QAM constellation set excluding the corner constellation symbols, wherein the first constellation subset includes the corner constellation symbols and the internal constellation symbols, and the second constellation subset includes the edge constellation symbols.

[0153] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 3, the method further includes: dividing the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets based at least in part on the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation symbols in the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset, and dividing the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets.

[0154] Aspect 7: According to the method of aspect 6, wherein the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset use a first type of channel decoding, and the first plurality of other constellation subsets and the second plurality of other constellation subsets use a second type of channel decoding.

[0155] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, wherein the first type of channel decoding has a lower decoding rate than the second type of channel decoding.

[0156] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 7, wherein the first type of channel decoding is low-density parity-check decoding, and the second type of channel decoding is Reed-Solomon decoding.

[0157] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, the method further comprising: sending capability information associated with the mobile station performing the MLC set partitioning.

[0158] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 10, wherein the capability information further indicates whether the mobile station is capable of performing the MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the QAM constellation set.

[0159] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, the method further comprising: sending an indication of phase noise nonlinearity or power amplification nonlinearity.

[0160] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, the method further comprising: sending an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0161] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, the method further comprising: receiving an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0162] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, the method further comprising: receiving downlink control information, the downlink control information including an indication of the MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for partitioning the MLC set.

[0163] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with a downlink wireless communication signal.

[0164] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with an uplink wireless communication signal.

[0165] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with communication performed in a spectrum between 90 GHz and 300 GHz.

[0166] Aspect 19: A wireless communication method performed by a network node, the method comprising: receiving capability information from a mobile station, the capability information indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing a multi-level decoding (MLC) set partitioning of a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising a plurality of constellation symbols and having a nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols; and transmitting an MLC configuration to the mobile station, the MLC configuration indicating that the MLC set partitioning is performed at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0167] Aspect 20: According to the method of aspect 19, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal.

[0168] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 20, wherein the MLC configuration instruction is to perform the MLC set partitioning by using the least significant bit and at least in part based on the phase noise or the power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set.

[0169] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 21, wherein the MLC configuration instruction is to perform the MLC set partitioning by dividing the QAM constellation into a first constellation subset comprising a plurality of corner constellation symbols and a plurality of inner constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a plurality of edge constellation symbols.

[0170] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 22, wherein the MLC configuration instruction that instructs the division of the MLC set by dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset is at least partially based on the minimum Euclidean distance of the constellation symbols within the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset to divide the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets.

[0171] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 23, wherein the MLC configuration indicates a first type of channel decoding to be applied to the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset, and a second type of channel decoding to be applied to the first plurality of other constellation subsets and the second plurality of other constellation subsets.

[0172] Aspect 25: According to the method of aspect 24, wherein the first type of channel decoding has a lower decoding rate than the second type of channel decoding.

[0173] Aspect 26: According to the method of aspect 24, wherein the first type of channel decoding is low-density parity-check decoding, and the second type of channel decoding is Reed-Solomon decoding.

[0174] Aspect 27: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 26, wherein the capability information indicates whether the mobile station is capable of performing the MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the QAM constellation set.

[0175] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of aspects 19 to 27, the method further comprising: receiving an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0176] Aspect 29: The method according to any one of aspects 19 to 28, the method further comprising: sending an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

[0177] Aspect 30: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 29, the method further comprising: sending downlink control information, the downlink control information including an indication of the MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for partitioning the MLC set.

[0178] Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods according to aspects 1 to 18.

[0179] Aspect 32: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 18.

[0180] Aspect 33: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 18.

[0181] Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 18.

[0182] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 18.

[0183] Aspect 36: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods according to aspects 19 to 30.

[0184] Aspect 37: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 19 to 30.

[0185] Aspect 38: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 19 to 30.

[0186] Aspect 39: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 19 to 30.

[0187] Aspect 40: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 19 to 30.

[0188] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from practice in these aspects.

[0189] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, and / or functions, etc. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented through hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented through various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, no specific software code is referred to in the description of the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods herein, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein, to implement the systems and / or methods.

[0190] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0191] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically enumerated in the claims and / or not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase referring to “at least one of” in the list of entries refers to any combination of these entries (including a single member). As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0192] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more entries and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Additionally, as used herein, the article “described” is intended to include one or more entries mentioned in connection with the article “described” and is interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more entries and are interchangeable with “one or more.” If only one entry is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “having” and the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be open-ended when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a mobile station, the apparatus comprising: Memory; and One or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to, at least in part, base their actions on information stored in the memory: Obtain a multi-level decoding (MLC) configuration to be applied to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity at least in part based on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; as well as The QAM constellation set is processed using an MLC set partitioning based on the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. The one or more processors used to process the QAM constellation set are configured to divide the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset comprising a first portion of the plurality of constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a second portion of the plurality of constellation symbols, wherein the plurality of constellation symbols includes a plurality of corner constellation symbols located in a plurality of corners of the QAM constellation set, a plurality of internal constellation symbols located in an internal portion of the QAM constellation set, and a plurality of edge constellation symbols located in an edge portion of the QAM constellation set excluding the plurality of corner constellation symbols, wherein the first constellation subset includes the plurality of corner constellation symbols and the plurality of internal constellation symbols, and the second constellation subset includes the plurality of edge constellation symbols.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: divide the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and divide the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets, at least in part based on the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation symbols within the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset use a first type of channel decoding, and the first plurality of other constellation subsets and the second plurality of other constellation subsets use a second type of channel decoding.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first type of channel decoding has a lower decoding rate than the second type of channel decoding.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to send capability information associated with the mobile station performing the MLC set partitioning.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the capability information further indicates whether the mobile station is capable of performing the MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the QAM constellation set.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to send an indication of phase noise nonlinearity or power amplification nonlinearity.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to send an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive downlink control information, the downlink control information including an indication of the MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for partitioning the MLC set.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with communication performed in a spectrum between 90 GHz and 300 GHz.

13. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, the apparatus comprising: Memory; and One or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to, at least in part, base their actions on information stored in the memory: Capability information is received from the mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing multi-level decoding (MLC) set partitioning on a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; as well as The mobile station is sent an MLC configuration indicating that the MLC set partitioning is performed at least in part based on the phase noise or the power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set, wherein the MLC configuration indicates that the MLC set partitioning is performed by dividing the QAM constellation into a first constellation subset comprising a plurality of corner constellation symbols and a plurality of inner constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a plurality of edge constellation symbols.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the QAM constellation set is associated with a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the MLC configuration instruction that instructs the division of the MLC set by dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset and a second constellation subset is at least partially based on the minimum Euclidean distance of the constellation symbols within the first constellation subset and the second constellation subset to divide the first constellation subset into a first plurality of other constellation subsets, and to divide the second constellation subset into a second plurality of other constellation subsets.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the MLC configuration indicates a first type of channel decoding to be applied to the first subset of constellations and the second subset of constellations, and a second type of channel decoding to be applied to the first plurality of other subsets of constellations and the second plurality of other subsets of constellations.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first type of channel decoding has a lower decoding rate than the second type of channel decoding.

18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the capability information indicates whether the mobile station is capable of performing the MLC set partitioning to reduce the nonlinearity of the QAM constellation set.

19. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive an instruction for a modulation and decoding scheme to be applied to the MLC set partition.

20. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to send an instruction for applying the modulation and decoding scheme of the MLC set partition.

21. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit downlink control information, the downlink control information including an indication of the MLC configuration and a code rate to be used for partitioning the MLC set.

22. A method for wireless communication performed by a mobile station, the method comprising: The mobile station obtains a multi-level decoding (MLC) configuration to be applied to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, which includes multiple constellation symbols and has nonlinearity based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; as well as The QAM constellation set is processed using an MLC set partitioning based on the MLC configuration, at least in part based on the phase noise or power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set. The processing of the QAM constellation set includes: dividing the QAM constellation set into a first constellation subset comprising a first part including the plurality of constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a second part including the plurality of constellation symbols, wherein the plurality of constellation symbols includes a plurality of corner constellation symbols located in a plurality of corners of the QAM constellation set, a plurality of internal constellation symbols located in an internal part of the QAM constellation set, and a plurality of edge constellation symbols located in an edge part of the QAM constellation set excluding the plurality of corner constellation symbols, wherein the first constellation subset includes the plurality of corner constellation symbols and the plurality of internal constellation symbols, and the second constellation subset includes the plurality of edge constellation symbols.

23. A method for wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: Capability information is received from the mobile station indicating whether the mobile station is capable of performing multi-level decoding (MLC) set partitioning on a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation set, the QAM constellation set comprising multiple constellation symbols and having nonlinearity based at least in part on phase noise or power amplification associated with the multiple constellation symbols; as well as The mobile station is sent an MLC configuration indicating that the MLC set partitioning is performed at least in part based on the phase noise or the power amplification associated with the plurality of constellation symbols of the QAM constellation set, wherein the MLC configuration indicates that the MLC set partitioning is performed by dividing the QAM constellation into a first constellation subset comprising a plurality of corner constellation symbols and a plurality of inner constellation symbols and a second constellation subset comprising a plurality of edge constellation symbols.

24. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a mobile station, the set of instructions causing the mobile station to perform the method according to claim 22 when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station.

25. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node, the set of instructions causing the network node to perform the method according to claim 23 when executed by one or more processors of the network node.

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