Frequency stabilization device and frequency stabilization method for Rydberg atom receiver, sensing device and receiver

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of quantum sensing and quantum precision measurement, and particularly provides a frequency stabilization device and method for a Rydberg atom receiver, a sensing device and a receiver. Wherein the frequency stabilization device comprises a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1, a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2, a single-frequency fiber laser 16, a single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, a photoelectric detector 12, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13, a direct current bias device 14, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, a photoelectric detector 21 and a light path assembly. The frequency stabilization device is simple in structure, does not need a complex optical path system and a circuit system, can realize simultaneous locking of frequencies of two Rydberg lasers by using a single bubble and sensing detection of a microwave field by using a parallel plate waveguide optical fiber integrated probe, and is small in receiver size and high in portability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum sensing and quantum precision measurement, and in particular to a frequency stabilization device, a frequency stabilization method, a sensing device and a receiver for a Rydberg atomic receiver. Background Art

[0002] Quantum sensing technology, especially electric field sensors based on Rydberg atoms, has attracted attention due to its potential advantages in measuring fields, forces, and time. These sensors offer different sensing modes, higher sensitivity, and have the potential to achieve significant improvements in reducing size, weight, power, and cost compared to traditional sensors. However, the practicality and portability of quantum sensors remain a challenge as many technologies are still in the early stages of development. In order to achieve the transition of quantum sensors from the laboratory to practical applications, new technologies and sensor designs need to be developed to accelerate this process.

[0003] Rydberg atom electric field sensors have attracted much attention due to their broadband spectral coverage and high accuracy and precision compared to conventional antenna receivers. Although substantial progress has been made in reducing the size, weight, power and cost of Rydberg atom sensor heads, the key to achieving out-of-laboratory application of the technology lies in simplifying and miniaturizing the sensor's supporting lasers and electronics.

[0004] Existing laser frequency stabilization techniques for exciting non-ground state atomic transitions are often limited by the need for large, heavy, high-power and high-cost optical cavities and electronics, or by the use of large amounts of optical power just for frequency stabilization. These techniques are often costly, vibration-sensitive, sensitive to temperature changes, or reduce the available power in the sensor head. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a miniaturized Rydberg atomic receiver with a simple structure, which does not require a complicated optical path system and circuit system, can realize the locking of two Rydberg lasers with a single bubble and realize sensing with a parallel plate waveguide optical fiber integrated probe, and the receiver is miniaturized and portable.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a frequency stabilization device for a Rydberg atomic receiver, comprising a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1, a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2, a single-frequency fiber laser 16, a single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, a photodetector 12, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13, a DC bias device 14, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, a photodetector 21 and an optical path component; wherein, The laser signal emitted by the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is divided into four beams through the optical path component, two of which overlap each other at the first position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and are input into the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 after being collected by the photodetector 12. The frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 is connected to the DC bias device 14, and the output modulation signal is input into the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2. The narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2 is connected to the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 to control the frequency of the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1; The single-frequency fiber laser 16 emits two laser signals, one of which coincides with one of the remaining two laser signals emitted by the narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser 1 after passing through the optical path component at a second position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and is collected by the photodetector 21 and input into the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22. The frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 and the DC bias device 14, and the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, and the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser 16 for controlling the frequency of the single-frequency fiber laser 16.

[0007] Further, the optical path component includes a half-wave plate 3, a polarization beam splitter prism 4, a polarization beam splitter prism 5, a half-wave plate 6 and a polarization beam splitter prism 7, a polarization beam splitter prism 9, a reflector 10, a reflector 11, a dichroic mirror 19, a reflector 20, a reflector 23, and an attenuation plate 24; The first optical path of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the half glass 3, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 4, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 5, the half glass 6, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 7, the reflector 10, the reflector 11, and one end of the polarization beam splitter 9 and is reflected into the first position of the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8; The second light path of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 7 and directly enters the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8 to overlap with the first light path at the first position, and then passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter 9 and enters the photodetector 12; The third beam of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 5, the reflector 23, and the attenuation plate 24, and then enters the second position of the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 19. The reflected light is then incident on the photodetector 21 through the reflector 20; The fourth beam of the laser signal emitted by the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is directly emitted through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 4 for electric field sensing measurement; The fifth beam of the laser signal emitted by the single-frequency fiber laser 16 passes through the dichroic mirror and enters the second position of the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8; The sixth optical path of the laser signal emitted by the single-frequency optical fiber laser 16 is directly emitted for electric field sensing measurement.

[0008] Furthermore, the optical path component also includes a reflector 17 and a reflector 18, and the reflector 17 and the reflector 18 are sequentially arranged between the single-frequency fiber laser 16 and the dichroic mirror 9, and are used to adjust the direction of the optical path and make the fifth optical path incident on the second position of the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8.

[0009] Furthermore, the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 13 and the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 are respectively equipped with an oscilloscope, a mixer, a low-pass filter, a proportional integral differential circuit and a waveform generator; The mixer is used for mixing and demodulating signals.

[0010] The low-pass filter is used for filtering to obtain a dispersion differential error signal.

[0011] The waveform generator is used to provide a modulation signal for the laser, input a demodulation signal into a mixer, and provide a sweep frequency signal for the laser.

[0012] The proportional-integral-differential circuit is used to control the correction signal to achieve frequency stabilization.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a frequency stabilization method for a Rydberg atomic receiver. According to the frequency stabilization device as described above, a single alkali atomic absorption gas cell is used to achieve frequency stabilization of two lasers.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a sensing device for a Rydberg atom receiver, comprising a parallel waveguide 201, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 203, an optical fiber 202, an optical fiber 204, a detection optical path, a coupling optical path, a coaxial cable and a speaker; The alkali metal atom gas chamber 203 is embedded in the parallel waveguide 201, the coaxial cable is used to feed the local oscillator field of the microwave source, and the horn is used to input the signal field of the microwave source; The detection light path is used to access the fourth light path described in claim 2 as detection light input into the optical fiber 202; The coupling optical path is used to access the sixth optical path described in claim 2 and input it into the optical fiber 204 as coupling light.

[0015] Furthermore, the path of the detection light path is as follows: the detection light is incident on the coupling head 30 through the optical fiber, hits the coupling head 34 through the reflector 33, is connected to the optical fiber 202, passes through the alkali metal atom gas chamber 203, and then is connected to the coupling head 29 through the optical fiber 204, and hits the detector 32 through the dichroic mirror 28 and the reflector 31.

[0016] Furthermore, the path of the coupling optical path is as follows: the coupling light is connected to the optical fiber coupling head 25 through the optical fiber, and is driven into the coupling head 29 through the reflector 26 , the reflector 27 , and the dichroic mirror 28 , and is connected to the optical fiber 204 .

[0017] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a Rydberg atomic receiver, comprising the frequency stabilization device as described above, the detection device as described above, an oscilloscope and a host computer; the oscilloscope is connected to the detection device, and the host computer is connected to the frequency stabilization device.

[0018] Furthermore, the host computer is wirelessly connected to the frequency stabilizing device.

[0019] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention realizes frequency locking of a narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser and a single-frequency fiber laser by an internal modulation method, without the need for multiple alkali metal atom gas chambers, and without the need for additional optical devices such as electro-optic modulators. The locking and frequency stabilization of the two lasers can be achieved simply by relying on a single alkali metal atom gas chamber and a circuit.

[0020] 2. The present invention does not require external modulation of the detection light field, and uses a single atomic bubble for locking and sensing operations.

[0021] 3. The present invention eliminates the need to add bulky equipment traditionally used for laser locking, while providing improved portability and robustness of the sensor.

[0022] 4 The present invention does not require additional light splitting for the electromagnetically induced transparent module. Other spectroscopy techniques must use a large part of the laser power for locking (hundreds of milliwatts are required in the case of Rydberg atom excitation frequency), but the technology of the present invention uses all the available control laser power in the sensor head and only uses a small part of the detection band for locking, and the rest is used for sensing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a frequency stabilization device for a Rydberg atomic receiver according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sensor device for a Rydberg atomic receiver according to the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel plate waveguide probe for a Rydberg atom receiver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, if there is no conflict, the various features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, all within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flow chart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order from the module division in the device or the flow chart. Furthermore, the words "first", "second", "third", etc. used in the present invention do not limit the data and execution order, but only distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a frequency stabilization device for a Rydberg atomic receiver, comprising a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1, a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2, a single-frequency fiber laser 16, a single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, a photodetector 12, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13, a DC bias device 14, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, a photodetector 21 and an optical path component; wherein, The laser signal emitted by the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is divided into four beams through the optical path component, two of which overlap each other at the first position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and are input into the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 after being collected by the photodetector 12. The frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 is connected to the DC bias device 14, and the output modulation signal is input into the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2. The narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2 is connected to the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 to control the frequency of the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1; The single-frequency fiber laser 16 emits two laser signals, one of which coincides with one of the remaining two laser signals emitted by the narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser 1 after passing through the optical path component at a second position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and is collected by the photodetector 21 and input into the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22. The frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 and the DC bias device 14, and the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, and the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser 16 for controlling the frequency of the single-frequency fiber laser 16.

[0028] Further, the optical path component includes a half-wave plate 3, a polarization beam splitter prism 4, a polarization beam splitter prism 5, a half-wave plate 6 and a polarization beam splitter prism 7, a polarization beam splitter prism 9, a reflector 10, a reflector 11, a dichroic mirror 19, a reflector 20, a reflector 23, and an attenuation plate 24; The first optical path of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the half glass 3, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 4, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 5, the half glass 6, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 7, the reflector 10, the reflector 11, and one end of the polarization beam splitter 9 and is reflected into the first position of the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8; The second light path of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 7 and directly enters the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8 to overlap with the first light path at the first position, and then passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter 9 and enters the photodetector 12; The third beam of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 5, the reflector 23, and the attenuation plate 24, and then enters the second position of the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 19. The reflected light is then incident on the photodetector 21 through the reflector 20; The fourth beam of the laser signal emitted by the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is directly emitted through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 4 for electric field sensing measurement; The fifth beam of the laser signal emitted by the single-frequency fiber laser 16 passes through the dichroic mirror and enters the second position of the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8; The sixth optical path of the laser signal emitted by the single-frequency optical fiber laser 16 is directly emitted for electric field sensing measurement.

[0029] Furthermore, the optical path component also includes a reflector 17 and a reflector 18, and the reflector 17 and the reflector 18 are sequentially arranged between the single-frequency fiber laser 16 and the dichroic mirror 9, and are used to adjust the direction of the optical path and make the fifth optical path incident on the second position of the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8.

[0030] Furthermore, the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 13 and the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 are respectively equipped with an oscilloscope, a mixer, a low-pass filter, a proportional integral differential circuit and a waveform generator; The mixer is used for mixing and demodulating signals.

[0031] The low-pass filter is used for filtering to obtain a dispersion differential error signal.

[0032] The waveform generator is used to provide a modulation signal for the laser, input a demodulation signal into a mixer, and provide a sweep frequency signal for the laser.

[0033] The proportional-integral-differential circuit is used to control the correction signal to achieve frequency stabilization.

[0034] The present invention provides a frequency stabilization method for a Rydberg atomic receiver. According to the frequency stabilization device described above, a single alkali atomic absorption gas cell is used to achieve frequency stabilization of two lasers.

[0035] Specifically, the working principle of the above device is: The frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 13 outputs a modulation signal which is input to the narrow line width semiconductor laser controller 2 through the DC bias device 14. The narrow line width semiconductor laser controller 2 provides an adjustable driving current and temperature control for the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1. The output light of the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 is reflected into the alkali atomic absorption chamber 8 through the half glass 3, polarization beam splitter prism 4, polarization beam splitter prism 5, half glass 6, polarization beam splitter prism 7, reflector 10, reflector 11, and one end of the polarization beam splitter 9. The laser of the polarization beam splitter prism 7 is transmitted through the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8 and the polarization beam splitter prism 9, and is hit into the photodetector 12, which is connected to the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 13. The frequency stabilizing integrated circuit has a built-in oscilloscope, a mixer, a low-pass filter, a proportional integral differential circuit, and a waveform generator. The feedback signal output by the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit is connected to the driving voltage modulation port of the narrow line width semiconductor laser controller 2 through the DC bias device 14. The single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for the single-frequency fiber laser 16. The output light of the single-frequency fiber laser 16 is sequentially driven into the alkali atom absorption chamber 8 through the reflectors 17 and 18. The light of the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 2 passing through the polarization beam splitter prism 5 is sequentially reflected by the dichroic mirror 19 after passing through the reflector 23, the attenuation plate 24 and the alkali atom absorption chamber 8. The reflected light is driven into the photodetector 21 through the reflector 20. The modulation signal output by the photodetector 21 and the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 is connected to the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22 through the DC bias device 14. The feedback signal mixed and demodulated by the frequency stabilization integrated circuit is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser 15 drive voltage modulation port.

[0036] The main principle of the frequency locking part of the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is as follows: the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 belongs to the detection light in the experimental system, and the internal modulation method is used in the present invention for frequency locking. The internal modulation spectrum frequency stabilization mainly uses the laser beam to pass through a pool containing atomic vapor (such as a cesium atomic pool), and the saturation absorption of the laser by the atoms will produce an absorption peak. When the laser frequency matches the transition frequency of the atoms, the absorption reaches a maximum and forms a characteristic peak. By detecting the position of this peak, the laser frequency can be accurately controlled to stabilize it at a specific atomic transition frequency. Therefore, the modulation signal is input into the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2, and enters the oscilloscope through an ordinary photodetector to observe the saturated absorption spectrum signal. Then the modulation signal and the modulation signal carrying the saturated absorption spectrum enter the mixer for demodulation to obtain a dispersion-like error signal, which is fed back to the piezoelectric ceramic of the laser through a proportional integral differential circuit to control the cavity length, and finally achieve frequency stabilization.

[0037] The frequency locking part of the single-frequency fiber laser 16 mainly uses the Rydberg electromagnetic induced transparency effect to frequency lock the laser excited to the Rydberg state transition frequency. In the experiment, the detection light output by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 has a modulation signal. Then the modulation signal of the detection light is mixed with the modulation signal generated by the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 to generate an error signal to achieve the locking of the laser. The specific method of the frequency locking part of the single-frequency fiber laser light 16 is as follows: the light output by the single-frequency fiber laser 16 is coupled light, which passes through the reflector 17, the reflector 18 and the dichroic mirror 19 into the alkali metal atomic absorption cell 8. The detection light with the modulation signal from the narrow line width semiconductor laser through the polarization beam splitter prism 5 passes through the attenuation plate and then passes to one end of the alkali metal atomic absorption cell 8. The coupled light and the detection light overlap in the alkali metal atomic cell and produce an electromagnetic induced transparency effect, that is, the detection light is no longer absorbed and a transmission peak is generated. After the detection light passes through the alkali metal atomic absorption cell 8, it is reflected by the dichroic mirror 19, and then split by the polarization beam splitter prism 20 and hits the photodetector 21. The photodetector 21 converts the received light signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22. The mixer built in the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22 and the frequency stabilization circuit 13 output the modulation signal, which is mixed and demodulated by the DC bias device 14, and then the high-frequency signal is filtered through a low-pass filter to obtain an error signal. The error signal is transmitted to the proportional integral differential circuit to obtain a feedback signal, and then the feedback signal is fed back to the piezoelectric ceramic of the single-frequency fiber laser 15 to control the cavity length to achieve frequency stability. In the experiment, the laser frequency can be better locked on the transmission peak generated by electromagnetic induced transparency by adjusting the parameters of the built-in proportional integral differential circuit in the frequency stabilization integrated circuit. The electromagnetic induced transparent transmission peak and the error signal can be observed by connecting the host computer in the frequency stabilization integrated circuit.

[0038] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the present invention provides a sensing device for a Rydberg atom receiver, comprising a parallel waveguide 201, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 203, an optical fiber 202, an optical fiber 204, a detection optical path, a coupling optical path, a coaxial cable and a speaker; The alkali metal atom gas chamber 203 is embedded in the parallel waveguide 201, the coaxial cable is used to feed the local oscillator field of the microwave source, and the horn is used to input the signal field of the microwave source; The detection light path is used to access the fourth light path as detection light input into the optical fiber 202; The coupling optical path is used to access the sixth optical path and input it into the optical fiber 204 as coupling light.

[0039] Furthermore, the path of the detection light path is as follows: the detection light is incident on the coupling head 30 through the optical fiber, hits the coupling head 34 through the reflector 33, is connected to the optical fiber 202, passes through the alkali metal atom gas chamber 203, and then is connected to the coupling head 29 through the optical fiber 204, and hits the detector 32 through the dichroic mirror 28 and the reflector 31.

[0040] Furthermore, the path of the coupling optical path is as follows: the coupling light is connected to the optical fiber coupling head 25 through the optical fiber, and is driven into the coupling head 29 through the reflector 26 , the reflector 27 , and the dichroic mirror 28 , and is connected to the optical fiber 204 .

[0041] The working principle of the above-mentioned sensor device is as follows: The alkali metal atom gas chamber 203 is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide 201 and used as the measurement signal field output through the horn antenna. The local oscillator field signal is fed into the coaxial cable end through the parallel plate waveguide 201. The two are input into the mixer for mixing to generate sum frequency and difference frequency signal outputs. The difference frequency signal is also called the intermediate frequency signal. The intermediate frequency signal is filtered by the filter to filter the high frequency signal and then amplified by the intermediate frequency signal amplifier. Finally, it is detected by the measurement circuit to complete the measurement of the microwave signal.

[0042] Then, the frequency of the single-frequency fiber laser is stabilized at the electromagnetically induced transparent transmission peak by using the frequency stabilization technology based on electromagnetically induced transparent effect. The eigenfield is fed into the coaxial cable end and the signal microwave field is input through the speaker. After collecting the detection light and injecting it into the photodetector, the heterodyne signal can be observed by connecting to the oscilloscope. The power of the signal field is fixed. By changing the power of the eigenfield, the amplitude of the heterodyne signal under different eigenfield microwave field powers is recorded. After determining the linear relationship between the square root of the power of the microwave source emitting the eigenfield and the signal field and its electric field strength, as well as the optimal working point of the eigenfield, the electric field sensing can be realized.

[0043] The present invention also provides a Rydberg atomic receiver, comprising the frequency stabilizing device as described above, the detection device as described above, an oscilloscope and a host computer; the oscilloscope is connected to the detection device, and the host computer is connected to the frequency stabilizing device.

[0044] Furthermore, the host computer is wirelessly connected to the frequency stabilizing device.

[0045] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention realizes frequency locking of a narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser and a single-frequency fiber laser by an internal modulation method, without the need for multiple alkali metal atom gas chambers, and without the need for additional optical devices such as electro-optic modulators. The locking and frequency stabilization of the two lasers can be achieved simply by relying on a single alkali metal atom gas chamber and a circuit.

[0046] 2. The present invention does not require external modulation of the detection light field, and uses a single atomic bubble for locking and sensing operations.

[0047] 3. The present invention eliminates the need to add bulky equipment traditionally used for laser locking, while providing improved portability and robustness of the sensor.

[0048] 4 The present invention does not require additional light splitting for the electromagnetically induced transparent module. Other spectroscopy techniques must use a large part of the laser power for locking (hundreds of milliwatts are required in the case of Rydberg atom excitation frequency), but the technology of the present invention uses all the available control laser power in the sensor head and only uses a small part of the detection band for locking, and the rest is used for sensing.

[0049] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A frequency stabilization device for a Rydberg atomic receiver, characterized in that: It includes a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1, a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2, a single-frequency fiber laser 16, a single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, a photodetector 12, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13, a DC bias device 14, a frequency stabilization integrated circuit 22, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, a photodetector 21 and an optical path component; wherein, The laser signal emitted by the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is divided into four beams through the optical path component, two of which overlap each other at the first position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and are input into the frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 after being collected by the photodetector 12. The frequency stabilization integrated circuit 13 is connected to the DC bias device 14, and the output modulation signal is input into the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2. The narrow linewidth semiconductor laser controller 2 is connected to the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 to control the frequency of the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1; The single-frequency fiber laser 16 emits two laser signals, one of which coincides with one of the remaining two laser signals emitted by the narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser 1 after passing through the optical path component at a second position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and is collected by the photodetector 21 and input into the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22. The frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 and the DC bias device 14, and the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15, and the single-frequency fiber laser controller 15 is connected to the single-frequency fiber laser 16 for controlling the frequency of the single-frequency fiber laser 16.

2. The frequency stabilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path components include a half-wave plate 3, a polarization beam splitter prism 4, a polarization beam splitter prism 5, a half-wave plate 6, a polarization beam splitter prism 7, a polarization beam splitter prism 9, a reflector 10, a reflector 11, a dichroic mirror 19, a reflector 20, a reflector 23, and an attenuation plate 24; The first optical path of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the half glass 3, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 4, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 5, the half glass 6, one end of the polarization beam splitter prism 7, the reflector 10, the reflector 11, and one end of the polarization beam splitter 9 and is reflected into the first position of the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8; The second light path of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 7 and directly enters the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8 to overlap with the first light path at the first position, and then passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter 9 and enters the photodetector 12; The third beam of the laser signal emitted by the narrow line width semiconductor laser 1 passes through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 5, the reflector 23, and the attenuation plate 24, and then enters the second position of the alkali metal atom gas chamber 8, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 19. The reflected light is then incident on the photodetector 21 through the reflector 20; The fourth beam of the laser signal emitted by the narrow linewidth semiconductor laser 1 is directly emitted through the other end of the polarization beam splitter prism 4 for electric field sensing measurement; The fifth beam of the laser signal emitted by the single-frequency fiber laser 16 passes through the dichroic mirror and enters the second position of the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8; The sixth optical path of the laser signal emitted by the single-frequency optical fiber laser 16 is directly emitted for electric field sensing measurement.

3. The frequency stabilizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical path component also includes a reflector 17 and a reflector 18, which are sequentially arranged between the single-frequency fiber laser 16 and the dichroic mirror 9, and are used to adjust the direction of the optical path and make the fifth optical path incident on the second position of the alkali atomic absorption gas chamber 8.

4. The frequency stabilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 13 and the frequency stabilizing integrated circuit 22 are respectively equipped with an oscilloscope, a mixer, a low-pass filter, a proportional integral differential circuit and a waveform generator; The mixer is used for mixing and demodulating signals; The low-pass filter is used to filter and obtain a dispersion differential error signal; The waveform generator is used to provide a modulation signal for the laser, input a demodulation signal into the mixer, and provide a sweep signal for the laser; The proportional-integral-differential circuit is used to control the correction signal to achieve frequency stabilization.

5. A frequency stabilization method for a Rydberg atomic receiver, characterized in that: According to the frequency stabilization device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, a single alkali atomic absorption gas cell is used to achieve frequency stabilization of two lasers.

6. A sensor device for a Rydberg atomic receiver, characterized in that: It includes a parallel waveguide 201, an alkali metal atom gas chamber 203, an optical fiber 202, an optical fiber 204, a detection optical path, a coupling optical path, a coaxial cable and a speaker; The alkali metal atom gas chamber 203 is embedded in the parallel waveguide 201, the coaxial cable is used to feed the local oscillator field of the microwave source, and the horn is used to input the signal field of the microwave source; The detection light path is used to access the fourth light path described in claim 2 as detection light input into the optical fiber 202; The coupling optical path is used to access the sixth optical path described in claim 2 and input it into the optical fiber 204 as coupling light.

7. According to the sensing device of claim 6, the path of the detection light path is: the detection light is incident on the coupling head 30 through the optical fiber, hits the coupling head 34 through the reflector 33, is connected to the optical fiber 202, passes through the alkali metal atom gas chamber 203, and then is connected to the coupling head 29 through the optical fiber 204, and hits the detector 32 through the dichroic mirror 28 and the reflector 31.

8. The sensing device according to claim 6, wherein the path of the coupling light path is as follows: the coupling light is connected to the optical fiber coupling head 25 through the optical fiber, and then enters the coupling head 29 through the reflector 26, the reflector 27, and the dichroic mirror 28, and then is connected to the optical fiber 204.

9. A Rydberg atom receiver, characterized in that: It comprises the frequency stabilizing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the detection device as described in any one of claims 6 to 8, an oscilloscope and a host computer; the oscilloscope is connected to the detection device, and the host computer is connected to the frequency stabilizing device.

10. The receiver according to claim 9, characterized in that The host computer is wirelessly connected to the frequency stabilizing device.

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