Method and system for rapidly measuring radioactive radon concentration in air in gas flow mode based on flicker

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air in a gas flow mode based on scintillation. According to the method, the net counting rate of alpha particles is measured based on a scintillation method, and the net counting rate of the alpha particles in a corresponding time period needs to be obtained during measurement; in combination with a radon and daughter decay rule and a chamber ventilation condition, establishing a relationship between the net count of alpha particles generated by radon and daughter decay in newly sucked air in a corresponding measurement time period in the measurement chamber and the volume, the pump speed and the original air radioactivity concentration in the chamber; and a corresponding sensitivity coefficient for measuring the radioactive radon concentration of the to-be-measured air is obtained, so that the radioactive radon concentration of the to-be-measured air is obtained in real time. According to the method, the radioactive radon concentration in the air can be rapidly measured in real time under the dynamic gas flow type condition, the measurement time can be greatly saved, the change of the radon concentration in the air can be reflected in time, workers and the public can be protected against the harm of radon radiation, safety production of the nuclear industry can be promoted, and the method has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental radioactivity monitoring, and in particular relates to a method and a system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow. Background Art

[0002] Radon is the only natural radioactive gas that exists in nature. It is mainly produced by the decay of radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium in soil and rocks. The main radioactive particles produced by radon and its daughters are alpha particles. Generally, external radiation can be ignored, and internal radiation to humans is mainly caused by inhalation. Not only does the radiation of radon in the natural environment affect the health of the general public, but radon has also become the main source of radiation that needs to be controlled in radiation protection in nuclear industrial scenarios such as nuclear fuel cycle and uranium mining. In order to protect workers and the public from the hazards of radon radiation, it is necessary to quickly measure the radon radioactivity concentration, which can not only timely evaluate the concentration and changes of radioactive radon in the environment to help timely adjust radiation protection measures, but also help to quickly identify source changes through changes in radioactive radon concentration to achieve safe production.

[0003] The concentration of radioactive radon in the air is used to describe the radioactivity level of radon gas in the environment (unit: Bq / m 3 ). The measurement of radon is generally achieved by measuring the alpha particles produced by radon and its progeny. When the radon detector measures the environmental radon concentration, the air to be measured needs to be pumped into the measurement chamber first. First of all, there is a problem of complete replacement of the existing air in the measurement chamber, and enough air to be measured needs to be pumped in. In addition, the decay of radon and its progeny in the newly drawn air requires a certain amount of time to reach equilibrium. The number of alpha particles released at different times is a function of time. Some radon detectors can only measure the alpha particles released by specific radon progeny (such as Po-218, Po-216). Both of these problems make it difficult to accurately measure the concentration of radioactive radon in the air in real time.

[0004] At present, there are several methods for rapid radon measurement in the literature: (1) The ZnS (Ag) scintillation method is to quickly measure radon by pumping the air to be measured only once and then sealing the measurement chamber. During the static process, the net counting rate of radioactive particles is measured, and the radioactive radon concentration is solved by combining the theoretical sensitivity coefficient correction factor obtained from the decay law of radon and its daughters. This method is simple, but since it only pumps air once, it cannot guarantee the complete replacement of the existing air in the measurement chamber. If replacement is required, a long pumping time is required, resulting in a slow response speed; (2) The semiconductor method is also used to complete the pumping process. In addition, since this method can only measure specific radon daughters (such as Po-218, Po-216) through electrostatic adsorption and measure the alpha particles they emit, this will cause the following major problems: [1] This method can only measure and requires the adsorption and accumulation of a sufficient number of specific radon daughters, which will result in slow response and large measurement errors within the same measurement time. [2] The adsorption efficiency of this method is very sensitive to humidity, so it is easy to fail in a high humidity environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for quickly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, thereby solving the technical problems of the prior art in measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air, such as slow response speed, high error and sensitivity to humidity, and realizing accurate, rapid and real-time monitoring of the concentration of radioactive radon in the air.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow, comprising the following steps:

[0008] P1: Get the net alpha particle count rate in the corresponding time period during the measurement;

[0009] P2: Obtain the radon concentration value in the air to be tested through the obtained α particle net counting rate and the preset radon concentration solution model;

[0010] The radon concentration solution model takes into account the relationship between the net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period and the volume of the measurement cavity, the sampling pump speed, and the initial concentration of radon and its daughters in the measurement cavity during the measurement time period during the construction process, and obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the radioactive radon concentration in the air. The net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period is converted into the radon concentration value in the environment through the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

[0011] Preferably, the construction of the radon concentration solution model is specifically as follows:

[0012] P21: Establish the relationship between the net alpha particle count rate generated by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement period and the measurement cavity volume, sampling pump speed and the initial radon and its daughter concentration in the measurement cavity, and obtain the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity;

[0013] P22: Obtaining the radioactive activity of radon and its progeny according to the number of radon and its progeny in the air entering the measurement chamber, and obtaining the sensitivity conversion coefficient according to the radioactive activity of radon and its progeny;

[0014] P23: The radon concentration solution model is established through the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the tester's own sensitivity.

[0015] Preferably, in step P21, the relationship between the net alpha particle count rate generated by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement period and the measurement cavity volume, sampling pump speed, and the initial radon and its daughter concentration in the measurement cavity is established to obtain the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity, specifically:

[0016]

[0017] Where N 0 (t), N 1 (t), N 2 (t), N 3 (t), N 4 (t) are 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 The number of Po changes with time t; k 0 is a constant; Q is the sampling pump speed, m 3 / s; V is the volume of the measuring cavity, m 3 ; N 0,env is a constant; o , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 For 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Decay constant of Po, s -1 .

[0018] Preferably, in step P22, the radioactivity of radon and its daughters is obtained by the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement chamber, and the sensitivity conversion coefficient is obtained by the radioactivity of radon and its daughters; specifically:

[0019] A o (t) = λ 0 N 0 (t)

[0020] A 1 (t) = λ 1 N 1 (t)

[0021] A 2 (t) = λ 2 N 2 (t)

[0022] A 3 (t) = λ 3 N 3 (t)

[0023] A 4 (t) = λ 4 N 4 (t)

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, A o (t), A 1 (t), A 2 (t), A 3 (t) and A 4 (t) is the radioactivity of radon and its daughters; b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient; T S T is any time point after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium; x It is to measure any time point before the air in the cavity is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium.

[0026] Preferably, in step P23, the radon concentration solution model is established by using the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the sensitivity of the tester itself, specifically:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, C m is the measured value of the radioactive radon concentration in the air to be tested, Bq / m 3 ;n x (ΔT) is the real-time value of the α-particle net counting rate within the ΔT period, cpm; S x is the predicted sensitivity, cpm / (Bq / m 3 ); S is the sensitivity of the tester itself, cpm / (Bq / m 3 ); b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

[0029] Preferably, after step P2, the method further includes obtaining an error value of the radon concentration in the measured air within a corresponding measurement time period.

[0030] A system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow, comprising:

[0031] A data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the net counting rate of alpha particles in a corresponding time period during the measurement;

[0032] A data processing module, wherein the data processing module is used to obtain a radon concentration value in the air to be tested by using the obtained alpha particle net counting rate and a preset radon concentration solution model;

[0033] The radon concentration solution model takes into account the relationship between the net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period and the volume of the measurement cavity, the sampling pump speed, and the initial concentration of radon and its daughters in the measurement cavity during the measurement time period during the construction process, and obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the radioactive radon concentration in the air. The net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period is converted into the radon concentration value in the environment through the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

[0034] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes a measurement mode setting module and a data transmission module that communicate with each other;

[0035] The measurement mode setting module is used to set the acquisition mode of the α particle net counting rate according to the experimental requirements and system design; the data transmission module is used to transmit the acquired α particle net counting rate to the data processing module;

[0036] The data processing module includes a sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, a prediction sensitivity acquisition module and a radon concentration acquisition module which are sequentially communicated and set;

[0037] The sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module is used to obtain the sensitivity conversion coefficient according to the ratio between the theoretical α particle net counting rates in different measurement time periods; the predicted sensitivity acquisition module is used to obtain the predicted sensitivity according to the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the sensitivity of the tester itself; the radon concentration acquisition module is used to obtain the radon concentration value in the air to be tested according to the predicted sensitivity and the α particle net counting rate in the corresponding time period obtained by the data acquisition module.

[0038] Preferably, the system further comprises an accuracy and error analysis module, which communicates with the radon concentration acquisition module and is used to evaluate the accuracy of the acquired radon concentration value.

[0039] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0041] The present invention discloses a method for measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow. In the method, the net counting rate of alpha particles in the corresponding time period during measurement can be obtained. The net counting rate of alpha particles is the net counting rate of alpha particles in the corresponding time period before the air in the measuring cavity is not completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium. The radon concentration value in the air to be measured is obtained by obtaining the net counting rate of alpha particles and a preset radon concentration solution model. The relationship between the volume of the detector measuring cavity, the sampling flow rate of the detector and the initial concentration of radon and its progeny in the measuring cavity is considered in the construction of the preset radon concentration solution model, which effectively ensures the accuracy of the algorithm. In addition, the model uses a sensitivity conversion coefficient to convert the instrument sensitivity into the predicted sensitivity in different time periods in the early stage of measurement during the solution process, avoiding the need to wait for the time required for the existing air in the measuring cavity to be completely replaced and the time required for the existing radon and its progeny in the cavity to reach decay equilibrium. Combined with the net counting rate of alpha particles obtained in real time, the radon concentration of the air to be measured can be quickly obtained through the model. Therefore, in the actual measurement process, the measurement time is effectively shortened, avoiding the time-consuming process of waiting for complete replacement and decay, and through the construction and solution of the model, the alpha particle net count rate in any time period before the measurement can be collected to obtain the radon concentration value of the air to be measured, effectively realizing the dynamic monitoring of the environmental radon concentration value. In summary, this method is simple to operate, can realize real-time measurement under dynamic gas flow conditions and quickly obtain the radon concentration value of the air to be measured, avoiding the time-consuming process of waiting before the measurement, and using the scintillation chamber method for measurement, which is reasonably designed, effectively avoiding the influence of environmental humidity, and has good reliability, which provides more scientific and reliable data for radiation assessment and has broad application prospects.

[0042] Furthermore, the radon concentration solution model preset in the present invention uses theoretical derivation of the net alpha particle count rate in different time periods to determine the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the model. The determination of the sensitivity conversion coefficient here enables the model to effectively obtain the predicted sensitivity before the existing air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced and before the existing radon and its progeny in the chamber reach decay equilibrium, thereby quickly obtaining the radon concentration of the air to be measured and shortening the measurement time.

[0043] Furthermore, step P2 also includes obtaining the error value of the radon concentration in the measured air within the corresponding measurement time period, so that the measurer can control the accuracy of the measurement result in real time. When the accuracy and error are large, corrections can be made by adjusting the instrument settings to ensure the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0044] In addition, the present invention also discloses a system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow. The system adopts a modular design to ensure that each module operates independently and is easy to manage, and is also easy to calibrate during use, thereby achieving high efficiency, flexibility and accuracy in radon measurement. The system can be widely used in complex environments to accurately evaluate radon concentrations and protect public health and environmental safety, and has important application value in the fields of underground engineering, nuclear facility operation and maintenance, and accident rescue.

[0045] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes a measurement mode setting module and a data transmission module that communicate with each other; the measurement mode setting module is used to set the acquisition mode of the alpha particle net count rate according to the experimental requirements and system design; the data transmission module is used to transmit the acquired alpha particle net count rate to the data processing module; the data processing module includes a sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, a predicted sensitivity acquisition module and a radon concentration acquisition module that are set in sequence. First, the measurement mode setting module ensures the air intake mode and the air extraction speed in the multi-cycle dynamic measurement; the setting of the sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module lays the foundation for the calculation of the predicted sensitivity; the setting of the predicted sensitivity acquisition module lays the foundation for the calculation of the radon concentration, and the radon concentration acquisition module effectively realizes the conversion of the alpha particle net count rate before the existing air in the measurement chamber is not completely replaced and the replaced radon and its daughters reach decay equilibrium into the radon concentration value of the air to be measured, realizing the real-time and rapid acquisition of the radon concentration. The independence brought by the modular structure in the system enables each functional part to be developed, measured and maintained separately, reduces mutual interference, improves the response speed and accuracy of the system, and facilitates expansion and upgrading, which improves the reliability and adaptability of the measurement system as a whole.

[0046] Furthermore, the system also includes an accuracy and error analysis module, which communicates with the radon concentration acquisition module and is used to evaluate the accuracy of the acquired radon concentration value. The module can provide feedback and optimize system performance by comparing the error between the radon concentration of the air to be measured by a standard instrument and the radon concentration obtained by the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a method and system for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air by a scintillation-based gas flow method in the present invention (S1: determining the measurement method, S2: constructing a radon concentration rapid solution model and finding a general solution, S3: setting experimental conditions, solving the predicted sensitivity, S4: calculating the radon concentration value, S5: experimental verification and error analysis of the algorithm; M1: measurement method setting module, M2: sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, M3: predicted sensitivity acquisition module, M4: radon concentration acquisition module, M5: accuracy and error analysis module);

[0049] Figure 2 for 222 Decay scheme of Rn and its daughters;

[0050] Figure 3 is the sensitivity conversion coefficient b of different pumping time intervals under the flow cycle;

[0051] Figure 4 The experimental verification result of the algorithm with a single cycle time of 5 minutes under the gas flow cycle (in the figure: the radon concentration of the environment to be measured is C, and the error bar is the absolute error of C; RAD7-5830 is used as the standard instrument for monitoring the radon concentration of the environment to be measured, and its radon concentration curve reflects the real-time radon concentration C during the measurement process rt ; The radon concentration value under the algorithm is C m , the error bar is C m The absolute error ε of C is δ, and the relative error between C and C is δ. In addition, the measurement time 0 in the figure is the moment when the pump starts working). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The present invention discloses a method for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, which comprises the following steps:

[0061] P1: Get the net alpha particle count rate in the corresponding time period during the measurement;

[0062] Here, the real-time value of the net alpha particle count rate is collected by an air flow sampling method, in which a constant air flow velocity is maintained; and the real-time value of the net alpha particle count rate is obtained by a continuous measurement mode.

[0063] P2: Obtain the radon concentration value in the air to be tested through the obtained α particle net counting rate and the preset radon concentration solution model;

[0064] The radon concentration solution model takes into account the relationship between the net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period and the volume of the measurement cavity, the sampling pump speed, and the initial concentration of radon and its daughters in the measurement cavity during the measurement time period during the construction process, and obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the radioactive radon concentration in the air. The net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period is converted into the radon concentration value in the environment through the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

[0065] In a specific preferred embodiment, the construction of the radon concentration solution model is specifically as follows:

[0066] P21: Establish the relationship between the net alpha particle count rate generated by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement period and the measurement cavity volume, sampling pump speed and the initial radon and its daughter concentration in the measurement cavity, and obtain the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity;

[0067] P22: Obtaining the radioactive activity of radon and its progeny according to the number of radon and its progeny in the air entering the measurement chamber, and obtaining the sensitivity conversion coefficient according to the radioactive activity of radon and its progeny;

[0068] P23: The radon concentration solution model is established through the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the tester's own sensitivity.

[0069] More specifically, in step P21, the relationship between the net alpha particle count rate generated by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement period, the measurement cavity volume, the sampling pump speed, and the initial radon and its daughter concentration in the measurement cavity is established to obtain the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity, specifically:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Where N 0 (t), N 1 (t), N 2 (t), N 3 (t), N 4 (t) are 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 The number of Po changes with time t; k 0 is a constant; Q is the sampling pump speed, m 3 / s; V is the volume of the measuring cavity, m 3 ; N 0,env is a constant; o ,1 , 2 , 3 , 4 For 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Decay constant of Po, s -1 .

[0073] In step P22, the radioactivity of radon and its daughters is obtained by the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement chamber, and the sensitivity conversion coefficient is obtained by the radioactivity of radon and its daughters; specifically:

[0074] A o (t) = λ 0 N 0 (t)

[0075] A 1 (t) = λ 1 N 1 (t)

[0076] A 2 (t) = λ 2 N 2 (t)

[0077] A 3 (t) = λ 3 N 3 (t)

[0078] A 4 (t) = λ 4 N 4 (t)

[0079]

[0080] Where A(ΔT) is the net alpha particle count rate (unit: cpm) obtained by theoretical deduction within the ΔT period after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium. x (ΔT) is the net alpha particle count rate (unit: cpm) obtained by theoretical deduction during the ΔT period before the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its daughters and the replaced radon and its daughters reach decay equilibrium.

[0081] The above A(ΔT) and A x The theoretical derivation process of (ΔT) is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, A o(t), A 1 (t), A 2 (t), A 3 (t) and A 4 (t) is the radioactivity of radon and its daughters; b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient; T S T is any time point after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium; x It is to measure any time point before the air in the cavity is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium.

[0084] Here, according to the decay law of radon and its daughters, the starting time after the replacement is completed and the decay equilibrium is reached is about 260 minutes. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, T S The preferred time is 260 min, but it is certainly not limited to 260 min, as long as sufficient replacement and decay are ensured.

[0085] When T S When the time is preferably 260 min, the theoretical derivation process of the sensitivity conversion coefficient b is specifically as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In step P23, the radon concentration solution model is established by using the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the sensitivity of the tester itself, specifically:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, C m is the measured value of the radioactive radon concentration in the air to be tested, Bq / m 3 ;n x (ΔT) is the real-time value of the α-particle net counting rate within the ΔT period, cpm; s x is the predicted sensitivity, cpm / (Bq / m 3 ); S is the sensitivity of the tester itself, cpm / (Bq / m 3 ); b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

[0090] Of course, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement, step P2 also includes obtaining the error value of the radon concentration in the measured air within the corresponding measurement time period, that is, analyzing the accuracy of the obtained radon concentration value to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement result.

[0091] It should also be noted that the present invention is a method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, wherein "scintillation" refers to a method for continuously measuring the concentration of radon in the air using the scintillation luminescence phenomenon, and the scintillation luminescence phenomenon here refers to the luminescence phenomenon produced by the interaction between α particles generated by the decay of radon and its daughters and the scintillator. The principle of the scintillation method for measuring radon is that the α particles generated by the decay of radon and its daughters interact with the scintillator to produce a fluorescence effect, and the photomultiplier tube converts this fluorescence signal into an electrical pulse signal, which is amplified by the electronic circuit and finally recorded. The number of pulses per unit time (pulse count rate) is proportional to the radon concentration, so that the radon concentration in the corresponding environment can be determined; "gas flow" refers to a measurement or operation method, and its core feature is to complete the detection or processing by allowing the gas to flow continuously. Specifically in radon measurement, gas flow radon measurement refers to the use of an air pump or other driving device to continuously flow radon-containing air into the measurement chamber, using the flowing gas to complete the real-time detection of radon concentration; "radioactive radon concentration" refers to the radioactivity level of radon gas in the environment (unit: Bq / m 3 ).

[0092] Example 2

[0093] In order to further elaborate the method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon of the present invention, the present embodiment is used for illustration:

[0094] The invention discloses a method and system for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow. The method determines the measurement mode, constructs a theoretical model for rapidly solving the radon concentration, considers parameters such as pump speed and measurement time, obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient under different time periods, obtains the predicted sensitivity, and then obtains the radon concentration value in combination with the net counting rate of the detector obtained in real time, and compares and analyzes it with the radon environmental concentration to be measured obtained by the standard instrument, and calculates the error. The method converts the differential equation into a linear equation system, solves it by matrix, considers the influence of the pump speed and the decay effect of radon gas, improves the accuracy while simplifying the calculation process, and ensures the efficient and accurate solution of the radon concentration. In addition, the system adopts a modular design, specifically including a measurement mode setting module, a sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, a predicted sensitivity acquisition module, a radon concentration acquisition module and an accuracy and error analysis module, to ensure that each module operates independently and is easy to manage. This technology can be widely used in complex environments to accurately evaluate radon concentrations and protect public health and environmental safety, especially in underground engineering, nuclear facility operation and maintenance, and accident rescue. It has important application value.

[0095] The above-mentioned method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow has the following specific steps:

[0096] Step S1: Determine the measurement method. The determination of the measurement method is mainly based on the selection of the gas extraction method and the measurement mode for the purpose of rapid radon measurement. First, in terms of the gas extraction method, in order to allow the radon gas to be measured to quickly fill the measurement chamber, the gas flow sampling is considered to be the most suitable method, because in the process of sampling and counting at the same time, the net counting rate data of alpha particles generated by the decay of the radon and its daughters in the environment to be measured can be quickly obtained, shortening the experimental time. Secondly, the measurement mode selects the continuous measurement mode, which helps to record the real-time value of the net counting rate of alpha particles in the current stage and quickly reflect the radon concentration.

[0097] Preferably, gas flow sampling is adopted and an appropriate constant gas flow rate is maintained, which reduces the risk of contamination caused by the radon in the environment to be measured entering the measurement chamber while reducing the time of retention in the pipeline. In addition, the design of continuous sampling ensures the stability of the rapid acquisition of the counting rate. In order to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the counting rate, the instrument should have an efficient data acquisition system to track the changes in radon concentration in real time. In addition, theoretical estimates can be made in the early stage of the experiment, and the effects of the gas extraction method and the measurement mode can be finally verified and optimized to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the final data. In summary, by selecting gas flow sampling and continuous measurement mode, the radon concentration measurement system can significantly improve the data acquisition speed and experimental efficiency.

[0098] Step S2: Construct a fast solution model for radon concentration and find the general solution. The construction of the theoretical model needs to comprehensively consider the dynamic process of radon gas in the air being sucked into and discharged from the measuring cavity through the pump, as well as the decay process of radon and its progeny in the measuring cavity. The decay process of radon and its progeny in these two processes can be described by defining corresponding differential equations, among which the measurement cavity volume, pump speed and decay constant are key parameters. Through these parameters, combined with the initial number of radon and its progeny in the measuring cavity and the extraction ratio, a dynamic change coupling model of the number of radon and its progeny is further constructed to complete the change in the number of radon and its progeny decays during the measurement process while pumping in the solution model. It is worth noting that the number of radon and its progeny decays here is a change in time.

[0099] Specifically, the volume, pump speed and decay constant of the measurement cavity can be substituted into the mathematical model to establish the relevant differential equations. The differential equations can be simplified through numerical methods and matrix changes to solve the quantitative changes in the decay process of radon and its daughters, obtain the general solution, and then calculate the sensitivity conversion coefficient before the existing air in the measurement cavity is completely replaced and the radon and its daughters in the cavity reach decay equilibrium through the initial condition setting and boundary conditions. Further, this coefficient is used to solve the predicted sensitivity under the combined effects of kinetic effects and decay, so as to achieve the effect of rapid measurement of radon concentration.

[0100] Preferably, the differential equation of the quantity change N(t) of radon and its daughters in the decay process with respect to time t in the coupling model of gas flow and radon decay concentration change is as shown in formulas (1) to (5),

[0101]

[0102] Among them, N 0 (t), N 1 (t), N 2 (t), N 3 (t), N 4 (t) are 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 The number of nuclides such as Po changes with time t; in the decay chain of radon and its daughters, only 222 Rn is gaseous, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Po is solid, so it is believed that only 222 The ratio of Rn drawn into the measuring cavity, then k 0 =1; Q is the sampling pump speed, unit is m 3 / s; V is the volume of the measuring cavity, in m 3 ; N 0,env is the number of radon nuclides in the environment to be tested. Considering normalization, the initial value can be set to 1, and the unit is piece; o , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 For 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Decay constant of nuclides such as Po, in s -1 .

[0103] Specifically, the obtained differential equations (1) to (5) are converted into matrix form, as shown in formula (6),

[0104]

[0105] Where N is the vector of the number of radon and its daughters: [N 0 (t),N 1 (t),N 2 (t),N 3 (t),N 4 (t)] T ;

[0106] A is the coefficient matrix, including decay constant, pump speed and measurement chamber volume, etc., and its form is shown in formula (7);

[0107]

[0108] b is the source term, which describes the input from the external environment and its form is shown in formula (8);

[0109]

[0110] For a system of linear differential equations with constant coefficients, the analytical solution is shown in formula (9):

[0111]

[0112] Among them, e At is the matrix index, which can be obtained by eigenvalue decomposition of matrix A or direct calculation of the matrix index; N(0) is the initial condition vector. At the initial moment, there is no radon and its daughter in the measurement chamber, so N(0) = [0,0,0,0,0] T ; τ is the time variable, representing the parameter of integration, and the integral term represents the integration of the variable τ in the time interval [0, t].

[0113] According to formulas (1) to (9), the general solution of the number of radon and its daughter nuclides changing with time t can be obtained, as shown in formulas (10) to (14):

[0114]

[0115] N 3 (t)=… (13)

[0116] N 4 (t) = … (14)

[0117] Among them, σ 1 =2.5e+37Q+5.2e+31V;σ 2 =5.0e+33Q-1.9e+31V;

[0118] σ 3 =5.0e+34Q-2.1e+31V; σ 4 =3.1e+27Q-1.3e+31V; σ 5 =2.5e+35Q-1.5e+32V…;ω 1 =e -3.7e-3t ;ω 2 =e -4.3e-4t …;

[0119] The above equation is further solved to obtain the radioactivity A(t) of radon and its daughters, where the unit is cps, as shown in formulas (15) to (19):

[0120] A o (t) = λ 0 N 0 (t) (15)

[0121] A 1 (t) = λ 1 N 1 (t) (16)

[0122] A 2 (t) = λ 2 N 2 (t) (17)

[0123] A 3 (t) = λ 3 N 3 (t) (18)

[0124] A 4 (t) = λ 4 N 4 (t) (19)

[0125] Therefore, the sensitivity conversion coefficient b is solved according to formulas (20) to (22):

[0126]

[0127] Where C is the radon concentration in the air to be tested, in Bq / m 3 ; A(ΔT) is the net alpha particle count rate in the ΔT period after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium, in cps; A x (ΔT) is the net alpha particle count rate in the measurement chamber during the ΔT period before the air in the chamber is completely replaced by radon and its daughters and the replaced radon and its daughters reach decay equilibrium, in cps. Here A(ΔT) and A x (ΔT) are obtained through theoretical derivation; S is the detector sensitivity. It is worth noting that S is an inherent property of the instrument and is therefore known. The unit here is cps / (Bq / m 3 );S x It is used to measure the predicted sensitivity of the chamber air before it is completely replaced by radon and its daughters and the replaced radon and its daughters reach decay equilibrium in the ΔT period. The unit here is cps / (Bq / m 3 );ΔT is the single cycle measurement time, here the unit is s; T x It is the starting time before the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium. The unit here is s; b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient, which has no unit dimension.

[0128] It is worth noting that in formula (22), the starting time for the air in the measurement chamber to be completely replaced by radon and its daughters and the replaced radon and its daughters to reach decay equilibrium is selected as 260 minutes. According to the theoretical deduction of the decay law of radon and its daughters, it is known that the time required to achieve full replacement and decay equilibrium is about 260 minutes. In addition, considering the rapidity, T x The 0th moment is the moment when the pump starts working.

[0129] Step S3: Set the experimental conditions and solve the predicted sensitivity. The setting of the experimental conditions is mainly based on the design of the gas flow pumping to ensure that the system operates under specific parameters to meet the requirements of response speed and measurement accuracy. Parameters such as the measurement chamber volume, pump speed, and single cycle measurement time determine the dynamic change rate of the number of radon and its daughters in the measurement chamber. On this basis, combined with formula (22), the corresponding predicted sensitivity S under different conditions can be obtained. x Furthermore, the reasonable setting of these parameters can help to quickly obtain the change range and rate of radon concentration during the experiment, making the measurement data more accurate and repeatable.

[0130] Preferably, in specific operation, by setting a specific measurement chamber volume V, pump speed Q and single cycle measurement time ΔT, the rate at which radon gas fills the measurement chamber can be controlled, so that the measurement system accurately reflects the radon concentration of the environment to be measured under the optimal parameters of the radon concentration algorithm for rapid solution. It is worth noting that for a detector, the measurement chamber volume is fixed, so the main adjustments are the pump speed and the single cycle measurement time.

[0131] Step S4: Calculate the radon concentration value. In the process of calculating the radon concentration value, data acquisition and processing are the key steps to achieve rapid determination of radon concentration in the experiment. By acquiring real-time measurement data during the experiment and combining it with predicted sensitivity, the radon concentration value can be quickly derived, thereby achieving efficient measurement. This process requires the use of the sensitivity conversion coefficient b calculation method in step S2 and the specific experimental conditions in step S3 (generally pump speed Q, single cycle measurement time ΔT) to predict the detector sensitivity S x Dynamic calculation is performed to ensure accurate tracking of radon concentration and to meet the response speed and accuracy requirements set by the experiment. Finally, according to the real-time net alpha particle count rate n x (ΔT), solve the radon concentration value C according to formula (23) m ,

[0132]

[0133] Preferably, firstly, based on the experimental conditions and set parameters, the sensitivity conversion coefficient b at different times is calculated, and the corresponding radon concentration data is recorded. Data acquisition is achieved by setting a fast-response detection system to ensure that the data sampling frequency meets the experimental requirements. Then, the acquired concentration data is filtered and denoised (generally there are relevant designs in the digital acquisition circuit) to reduce the impact of environmental interference on data accuracy. Finally, the radon concentration value calculated according to the theoretical model and the data results are monitored in real time and dynamically according to the time change to ensure the accuracy and reliability of rapid radon measurement.

[0134] Step S5: Experimental verification and error analysis of the algorithm. After the algorithm is applied, experimental verification is used to ensure the effectiveness of the algorithm in quickly solving the radon concentration. The accuracy of the algorithm is evaluated by comparing the radon concentration obtained by the algorithm with the standard concentration in the measurement system. This process helps to discover potential deviations in the model and further optimize the algorithm parameters to improve its accuracy and response speed.

[0135] Preferably, the standard radon concentration of the measurement system is first obtained through a standard instrument as a reference value. Then, the radon concentration C of the environment to be measured is compared with the algorithm measurement result C under different experimental conditions. m Compare and calculate the absolute error ε and relative error δ of the obtained radon concentration. By analyzing these error values, evaluate the measurement accuracy and distribution of the algorithm, and find out the scope of application and error control of the algorithm under specific conditions. According to the comparison results, it may be necessary to adjust the fixed constants or other parameters in the model to ensure that the experimental data is highly consistent with the theoretical results and achieve a more stable and rapid radon measurement effect.

[0136] In particular, the absolute error ε and relative error δ of the radon concentration results obtained by the solution algorithm are calculated according to formulas (24) to (26).

[0137]

[0138] Among them, Δn x,error (ΔT) is the net counting error of signal particles in the ΔT period, in cps; n s is the sample measurement count rate, which can be directly obtained from the experiment, in cps; t s is the sample measurement time, in seconds; n b is the background count rate, which can be directly obtained from the experiment, in cps; t b is the background measurement time, in seconds; ε is the absolute error of the radon concentration result obtained by the algorithm, in Bq / m 3 ; δ is the relative error between the radon concentration result obtained by the algorithm and the radon concentration in the standard radon room, which has no unit dimension.

[0139] In particular, the measurement time interval ΔT is generally the same as the experimental sampling time and the background sampling time, that is, ΔT = t s =t b .

[0140] Example 3

[0141] The present invention proposes a method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, and the method flow chart is as follows: Figure 1 As shown:

[0142] Step 1: In the design process of the sampling method, for the gas collection method, no matter what the sampling requirements are, in order to quickly obtain the radon concentration of the ambient air to be tested, it should be set to flow gas sampling. This is because the process of counting while sampling is the fastest way to obtain the net count of the experiment; for the measurement mode, in order to obtain the net count rate of alpha particles in the current stage in real time, the continuous measurement mode should be used; for the design of the exhaust device, the flow meter is used in conjunction with a frequency-controlled pump, which takes into account flow monitoring, pump speed adjustment, and air tightness of the exhaust system.

[0143] Through gas flow sampling and continuous measurement mode, the radon concentration measurement system achieves real-time counting during the sampling process, significantly improving the speed and efficiency of obtaining signal data. The combination of flow meter and frequency speed regulating pump achieves precise control of flow and ensures the air tightness of the system, reducing errors caused by unstable airflow or leakage. This systematic design not only ensures rapid response, but also improves the accuracy of data, laying a solid technical foundation for rapid determination of radon concentration.

[0144] Step 2: In the process of building a fast solution model for radon concentration and finding a general solution, in order to quickly measure the radon concentration, it is necessary to analyze the entire system and establish a mathematical model by combining the gas flow, the decay process of radon and its daughters, and the working mode of the instrument. Figure 2 The decay chain of radon and its daughters is as follows:

[0145] The differential equations of radon and daughter number N(t) with respect to time t in the coupled model of gas flow and radon decay process are shown in formulas (1) to (5).

[0146]

[0147] Among them, N 0 (t), N 1 (t), N 2 (t), N 3 (t), N 4 (t) are 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi,214 The number of nuclides such as Po changes with time t; in the decay chain of radon and its daughters, only 222 Rn is gaseous, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Po is solid, so it is believed that only 222 The ratio of Rn drawn into the measuring cavity, then k 0 =1; Q is the pump speed, in m 3 / s; V is the volume of the measuring cavity, in m 3 ; N 0,env is the number of radon nuclides in the environment to be tested. Considering normalization, the initial value can be set to 1, and the unit is piece; o , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 For 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Decay constant of nuclides such as Po, in s -1 .

[0148] Specifically, the obtained differential equations (1) to (5) are converted into matrix form, as shown in formula (6),

[0149]

[0150] Where N is the vector of the number of radon and its daughters: [N 0 (t),N 1 (t),N 2 (t),N 3 (t),N 4 (t)] T ;

[0151] A is the coefficient matrix, including ventilation coefficients such as decay constant, pump speed and measurement chamber volume, and its form is shown in formula (7);

[0152]

[0153] b is the source term, which describes the input from the external environment and its form is shown in formula (8);

[0154]

[0155] For a system of linear differential equations with constant coefficients, the analytical solution is shown in formula (9):

[0156]

[0157] Among them, e At is the matrix index, which can be obtained by eigenvalue decomposition of matrix A or direct calculation of the matrix index; N(0) is the initial condition vector. At the initial moment, there is no radon and its daughter in the measurement chamber, so N(0) = [0,0,0,0,0] T ; τ is the time variable, representing the parameter of integration, and the integral term represents the integration of the variable τ in the time interval [0, t].

[0158] According to formulas (1) to (9) and substituting λ o =3.82d, λ 1 =3.1min,λ 2 =27.06min,λ 3 =19.71min,λ 4 =163.6μs, the general solution of the number of radon and its daughter nuclides changing with time t can be obtained, as shown in formulas (10) to (14):

[0159]

[0160] N 3 (t)=… (13)

[0161] N 4 (t) = … (14)

[0162] Among them, σ 1 =2.5e+37Q+5.2e+31V;σ 2 =5.0e+33Q-1.9e+31V;

[0163] σ 3 =5.0e+34Q-2.1e+31V; σ 4 =3.1e+27Q-1.3e+31V; σ 5 =2.5e+35Q-1.5e+32V…;ω 1 =e -3.7e-3t ;ω 2 =e -4.3e-4t …;

[0164] The above equation is further solved to obtain the radioactivity A(t) of radon and its daughters in cps, as shown in formulas (15) to (19):

[0165] A o (t) = λ 0 N 0 (t) (15)

[0166] A 1(t) = λ 1 N 1 (t) (16)

[0167] A 2 (t) = λ 2 N 2 (t) (17)

[0168] A 3 (t) = λ 3 N 3 (t) (18)

[0169] A 4 (t) = λ 4 N 4 (t) (19)

[0170] Therefore, the sensitivity conversion coefficient b is solved according to formulas (20) to (22):

[0171]

[0172] Where C is the radon concentration in the air to be measured, in Bq / m 3 ; A(ΔT) is the net alpha particle count rate in the ΔT period after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium, in cps; A x (ΔR) is the net alpha particle count rate in the ΔR period before the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its daughters and the replaced radon and its daughters reach decay equilibrium, in cps. Here A(ΔT) and A x (ΔT) are obtained through theoretical derivation; S is the detector sensitivity. It is worth noting that S is an inherent property of the instrument, so the sensitivity of the radon detector is known, S is 0.29cpm / (Bq / m 3 );S x It is used to measure the predicted sensitivity of the chamber air before it is completely replaced by radon and its daughters and the replaced radon and its daughters reach decay equilibrium in the ΔT period. The unit is cps / (Bq / m 3 );ΔT is the single cycle measurement time, unit is s; T x It is the starting time when the air in the measurement chamber is not completely replaced by radon and its progeny, and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium. The unit is s; b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient, which has no unit dimension.

[0173] It is worth noting that in formula (22), the starting time after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced and the radon and its daughters in the chamber reach decay equilibrium is selected as 260 minutes. According to the theoretical deduction of the decay law of radon and its daughters, it is known that the time required for full replacement and decay is about 260 minutes. In addition, considering the rapidity, Tx The 0th moment is the moment when the pump starts working.

[0174] Step 3: The setting of experimental conditions mainly revolves around the flow gas extraction design to ensure that the system operates under specific parameters to meet the requirements of response speed and measurement accuracy. Parameters such as the measurement chamber volume and pump speed determine the dynamic change rate of the number of radon and its progeny in the measurement chamber. Reasonable setting of these parameters will help control the change amplitude and rate of radon concentration during the experiment, make the measurement data more accurate and repeatable, and ensure the stable operation of the experiment. In the specific implementation process, Q is the pump speed, which is 1.3L / min; V is the measurement chamber volume, which is 5L; ΔT is 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 20, and 30min to obtain the sensitivity conversion coefficient b value for different extraction time intervals under the flow gas cycle, such as Figure 3 In addition, when taking ΔT = 5 min as an example to verify the effect of the algorithm, the specific expressions (23) to (27) of formulas (10) to (14) can be obtained.

[0175] N 0 (t) = 1.0 - 1.0 * e -4.3e-3t (twenty three)

[0176] N 1 (t)=3.5e-3e -4.3e-3t -4.0e-3e -3.7e-3t +5.6e-4 (24)

[0177] N 2 (t)=4.5e-3e -3.7e-3t -6.2e-3e -4.3e-4t -3.3e-3e -4.3e-3t +4.9e-3 (25)

[0178] N 3 (t)=3.8e-4e -4.3e-3t +0.013e -5.9e-4t -0.017e -4.3e-4t -6.2e-4e -3.7e-3t +3.6e-3 (26) N 4 (t)=5.2e-11e -4.3e-3t -6.2e-36e -4.2e+3t +1.8e-9e -5.9e-4t -2.3e-9e -4.3e-4t -8.5e-11e -3.7e-3t +5.0e-10 (27)

[0179] Therefore, by the obtained b values ​​(0-5min is 5.20, 5-10min is 2.17, 10-15min is 1.69, 15-20min is 1.54, 20-25min is 1.47, 25-30min is 1.42, 30-35min is 1.38, 35-40min is 1.35...) and the known detector sensitivity S = 0.29 cpm / (Bq / m 3 ) can be used to solve the predicted sensitivity S of the detector in different time periods x (0-5min is 0.06cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 5-10min is 0.13cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 10-15min is 0.17cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 15-20min is 0.19cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 20-25min: 0.20cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 25-30min: 0.20cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 30-35min: 0.21cpm / (Bq / m 3 ), 35-40min: 0.21cpm / (Bq / m 3 )……).

[0180] Step 4: Calculate the radon concentration value. According to the obtained b value and the sensitivity S at different times x , combined with the real-time acquired α particle net count rate n x (ΔT), and solve the radon concentration value C under the rapid radon detection algorithm according to formula (28) m ,

[0181]

[0182] Here, n x (ΔT) are the real-time net counting rates of α particles in a certain period of time measured experimentally, in cpm. Therefore, according to S obtained in step 3 x And the experimentally obtained n x (ΔT), calculated C m (0-5min: 7407.50±178.57Bq / m 3 5-10min: 7369.16±109.66Bq / m 3 10-15min: 7286.38±95.57Bq / m 3 15-20min: 7527.17±92.26Bq / m 3 20-25min: 7402.61±89.30Bq / m3 25-30min: 7609.96±89.01Bq / m 3 30-35min: 7548.07±87.45Bq / m 3 35-40min: 7443.19±85.74Bq / m 3 …)

[0183] Step 5: Experimental verification and error analysis of the algorithm. Select the standard radon room to be tested (the concentration is C = 7371.89 Bq / m 3 ) was used for experimental verification, and the absolute error ε and relative error δ of the radon concentration results were obtained by solving the algorithm according to formulas (29) to (31).

[0184]

[0185] Among them, Δn x,error (ΔT) is the net counting error of signal particles in the ΔT period, in cps; n s is the sample measurement count rate, which can be directly obtained from the experiment, in cps; t s is the sample measurement time, in seconds; n b is the background count rate, which can be directly obtained from the experiment, in cps; t b is the background measurement time, in seconds; ε is the absolute error of the concentration result obtained by the algorithm, in Bq / m 3 ; δ is the relative error between the concentration result obtained by the algorithm and the concentration in the standard radon room, which has no unit dimension.

[0186] The measurement time interval is the experimental data acquisition time, which is the same as the background measurement time, that is, ΔT = t s =t b =300s.

[0187] The final experimental verification results can be found in Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that when the single cycle of the detection (i.e. measurement) time is 5 minutes, C m The average value is 7460.99 Bq / m 3 ; The average absolute error ε is 80.26Bq / m 3 The average absolute value of the relative error δ is 1.21%, and the maximum absolute value of the relative error is 3.86%. It is worth noting that within the first cycle [0,5min] of the measurement, C m 7407.50Bq / m 3 ; Absolute error is 178.57Bq / m 3; The absolute value of the relative error is 0.48%. This shows that the algorithm can provide measurement results that are relatively close to the true value within the initial measurement cycle, and as the number of cycles increases, the error gradually tends to stabilize within a smaller range. Especially after multiple cycles, the relative error and absolute error of the algorithm remain in a low range, indicating its adaptability and accuracy in complex dynamic environments. In addition, the fast radon measurement characteristics of the algorithm enable instant concentration estimates to be obtained after each cycle, which helps to achieve rapid response and real-time monitoring. The algorithm not only shortens the time required for measurement, but also avoids delays caused by the time-consuming process of waiting for complete replacement and decay, greatly improving the efficiency of radon measurement. This advantage of high precision and high efficiency makes it of great practical value in environmental safety monitoring and suitable for application in a variety of dynamic monitoring scenarios.

[0188] Example 4

[0189] In addition, the present invention also discloses a system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, comprising:

[0190] A data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used to acquire the net alpha particle count rate in the corresponding time period during the measurement; the data acquisition module includes a measurement mode setting module and a data transmission module that communicate with each other; the measurement mode setting module is used to set the acquisition mode of the net alpha particle count rate according to the experimental requirements and system design; the data transmission module is used to transmit the acquired net alpha particle count rate to the data processing module;

[0191] A data processing module, wherein the data processing module is used to obtain a radon concentration value in the air to be tested by using the obtained alpha particle net counting rate and a preset radon concentration solution model;

[0192] The data processing module includes a sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, a predicted sensitivity acquisition module and a radon concentration acquisition module which are set up in communication in sequence; the sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module is used to obtain the sensitivity conversion coefficient according to the ratio between theoretical α particle net counting rates in different measurement time periods; the predicted sensitivity acquisition module is used to obtain the predicted sensitivity according to the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the sensitivity of the tester itself; the radon concentration acquisition module is used to obtain the radon concentration value in the air to be tested according to the predicted sensitivity and the α particle net counting rate in the corresponding time period obtained by the data acquisition module.

[0193] The radon concentration solution model takes into account the relationship between the net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period and the volume of the measurement cavity, the sampling pump speed, and the initial concentration of radon and its daughters in the measurement cavity during the measurement time period during the construction process, and obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the radioactive radon concentration in the air. The net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period is converted into the radon concentration value in the environment through the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

[0194] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises an accuracy and error analysis module, which communicates with the radon concentration acquisition module and is used to evaluate the accuracy of the acquired radon concentration value.

[0195] Example 5

[0196] In order to further explain in detail the system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation flow in the above-mentioned embodiment 4, this embodiment is used for explanation:

[0197] The present invention provides a method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow. The method is simple in principle and provides significant advantages for radon concentration measurement by introducing a rapid radon measurement method. Compared with traditional methods, this method can achieve real-time measurement under dynamic gas flow conditions and quickly obtain effective results, avoiding the need to wait for the existing air in the measurement chamber to be completely replaced and the time required for the existing radon and its progeny in the chamber to reach decay equilibrium, thereby greatly shortening the measurement time. At the same time, while maintaining measurement accuracy, the method improves the system response speed by reasonably setting the pumping rate and single measurement time, providing technical support for rapid dynamic monitoring. In addition, this rapid radon measurement method can continuously monitor under the condition of multiple cycles of pumping, ensuring that the radon concentration is accurately reflected in a complex environment, providing effective protection for environmental safety monitoring and rapid response.

[0198] In addition, the present invention also proposes a system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, which is mainly a multi-cycle dynamic rapid radon measurement device based on the scintillation chamber method. The following introduces its five main modules. The design purpose is to achieve rapid measurement of environmental radon concentration through the synergistic effect of multiple modules. The specific modules are described as follows:

[0199] Module M1 measurement mode setting module: The measurement mode setting module is the basic module of the system. Its core is to reasonably set the gas extraction method and measurement mode according to the needs of rapid radon measurement, so as to provide accurate and reliable input data for the algorithm. The gas flow sampling method is preferred so that the radon gas to be measured can quickly fill the measurement chamber, and the environmental radon concentration information can be quickly obtained in the process of sampling and counting, which effectively shortens the experimental time. The continuous measurement mode is used as the measurement mode, which helps to record the real-time value of the net count rate of alpha particles in the current stage in real time and quickly reflect the radon concentration. By optimizing the gas extraction method and measurement mode, this module provides efficient basic data support for the algorithm, while ensuring the stability of the response speed and accuracy in multi-cycle dynamic measurement, which is the key link to achieve accurate calculation of the algorithm and rapid radon measurement. Therefore, the measurement mode setting of the M1 module is one of the key steps to ensure the stable operation of the system and the reliability of experimental data.

[0200] Module M2 Sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module: The construction and solution of the radon concentration rapid solution model in the sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module is the core part of the rapid radon measurement algorithm. It is responsible for building and solving the theoretical model to describe the changing law of the number of radon and its daughters over time during the measurement process. Based on the decay characteristics and initial conditions of radon gas, this module establishes a mathematical model containing key parameters, such as pump speed and air extraction, to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the actual situation of the dynamic measurement process. By solving the general solution through analytical or numerical methods, this module can quickly obtain the conversion relationship between the predicted sensitivity and the sensitivity of the instrument itself. The design and implementation of module M2 not only improves the efficiency of rapid radon measurement, but also ensures the accuracy of theoretical calculations, provides a solid theoretical basis for the reliability of experimental data, and is an important part of the entire measurement system.

[0201] Module M3 predictive sensitivity acquisition module: The predictive sensitivity acquisition module includes experimental condition setting and predictive sensitivity solution. The two parts are responsible for the reasonable setting of experimental conditions and the solution of predictive sensitivity. In the dynamic measurement process, the optimization of experimental conditions is directly related to the efficiency and accuracy of the measurement. This module makes the system stable between fast response and accurate measurement by reasonably setting the experimental conditions of key parameters such as measurement chamber volume, pump speed and pumping time. At the same time, the module calculates the predicted sensitivity of the measurement system based on the theoretical model, quantifies the system's response ability to changes in radon concentration, and quickly calculates the radon concentration of the measurement system under different experimental conditions. It can also guide the optimization of experimental parameters to improve the overall performance of the system. Therefore, module M3 plays an important role in the entire system. Through the comprehensive analysis of experimental conditions and sensitivity, it is not only related to the effectiveness of the rapid radon measurement algorithm, but also provides important support for subsequent data processing. It is one of the key links to achieve the goal of rapid radon measurement.

[0202] It is worth noting that this module relies on the acquisition of the sensitivity conversion coefficient in M2. The function of the sensitivity conversion coefficient is to obtain the predicted sensitivity in combination with the detector's own sensitivity, so as to quickly and accurately convert the collected real-time net count rate data of α particles into radon concentration, so that it can accurately reflect the radon concentration of the environment to be measured. Since the rapid radon measurement process is affected by the pump speed, the volume of the measurement chamber, and the decay characteristics of radon and its daughters, this module needs to comprehensively consider various factors in the gas flow sampling mode and calculate a conversion coefficient suitable for the dynamic measurement process. This module not only determines the dynamic sensitivity of the system, but also directly affects the accuracy of the subsequent radon concentration; on the other hand, this scintillation chamber method for radon measurement requires gas flow cycle measurement, and the duration of a single measurement will directly affect the accuracy of the measurement data. By reasonably setting the measurement time, the system can be ensured to achieve stability between response speed and measurement accuracy. Especially in the multi-cycle dynamic measurement mode, setting the gas extraction time for each cycle can effectively improve the measurement efficiency and ensure that the measurement results at each stage are representative. Reasonable time settings also provide guarantees for sensitivity conversion and subsequent radon concentration calculations, avoiding data deviations due to insufficient or excessive measurement time.

[0203] Module M4 Radon Concentration Acquisition Module: This module combines the predicted sensitivity and the currently measured alpha particle net count rate data to further calculate and obtain the radon concentration, providing a quantitative basis for rapid radon measurement. By analyzing the current data and combining the predicted sensitivity, the radon concentration value under the current conditions can be quickly obtained. This module realizes real-time calculation under dynamic conditions and can provide reliable measurement values ​​through sensitivity analysis during multiple cycles of measurement. This method not only improves the system's response speed to radon concentration, but also can be adjusted through feedback through algorithms to optimize the rapid measurement process. This module can significantly shorten the experimental time and speed up the system's response speed while ensuring measurement accuracy. It is an important step in achieving rapid radon measurement.

[0204] Module M5 Accuracy and Error Analysis Module: This module is mainly used to verify and evaluate the error of the results obtained by the algorithm. By comparing the radon concentration value of the radon room measured under the standard instrument with the radon concentration value obtained by the algorithm, the absolute error and relative error are calculated to evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm. The existence of errors may be caused by the inconsistency between the model assumptions and the experimental conditions. By analyzing and summarizing the errors, the parameters of the model can be optimized to enhance the accuracy and robustness of the measurement. In the multi-cycle measurement mode, this module is not only used to verify the radon concentration, but also to adjust parameters such as pump speed and pumping time through feedback to ensure high accuracy under different experimental conditions. The results of the error analysis provide guidance for subsequent experiments and provide a guarantee for the measurement reliability of the entire system. It is the key to verifying the effectiveness of the algorithm and ensuring the accuracy of rapid radon measurement.

[0205] The present invention provides a system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, which realizes the high efficiency, flexibility and accuracy of radon measurement through modular design devices. First, the measurement mode setting module ensures the response speed in multi-cycle dynamic measurement; the construction and solution of the theoretical model for rapid solution of radon concentration in the sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module lays the foundation for the accuracy of theoretical calculation and provides a solid theoretical basis for the reliability of experimental data; the experimental condition setting and predicted sensitivity solution in the predicted sensitivity acquisition module ensure that the system can flexibly adjust the measurement time and pump speed to meet the needs of different experimental time conditions; the radon concentration acquisition module obtains the radon concentration of the environment to be measured according to the current real-time α particle net counting rate data, and supports rapid radon measurement; the accuracy and error analysis module compares the radon concentration of the standard radon room and the error of the obtained radon concentration, and feedbacks and optimizes the system performance. The independence brought by the modular structure enables each functional part to be developed, measured and maintained separately, reduces mutual interference, improves the response speed and accuracy of the system, and facilitates expansion and upgrading, which improves the reliability and adaptability of the measurement system as a whole.

[0206] Example 6

[0207] In order to further explain the radon detection system in the present invention, this embodiment is used for illustration:

[0208] The present invention proposes a system for rapid determination of radioactive radon concentration in air based on scintillation gas flow. The design goal of the system is to obtain the sensitivity conversion coefficient based on the coupling model of gas flow and radon decay concentration change, and to construct a multi-cycle dynamic rapid radon measurement device based on the scintillation chamber method for radon measurement. Figure 1 As shown:

[0209] Module 1: Measurement mode setting module. The measurement mode setting module is the basic module of the system. Its core is to reasonably set the gas extraction method and measurement mode according to the needs of rapid radon measurement, so as to provide accurate and reliable input data for the algorithm. Here it is set to the flow gas continuous sampling and counting mode;

[0210] Module 2: Sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module. The sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module is the core part of the radon concentration fast solution algorithm. It is responsible for building and solving the theoretical model to describe the change law of radon concentration during the measurement process. Here, the differential equation of the number of radon and daughter bodies with respect to time in the coupled model of gas flow and radon decay process is constructed, and then the general solution is obtained, laying the foundation for the calculation of the sensitivity conversion coefficient;

[0211] Module 3: Prediction sensitivity acquisition module. The prediction sensitivity acquisition module is responsible for the reasonable setting of experimental conditions and the solution of prediction sensitivity;

[0212] Module 4: Radon concentration acquisition module. This module combines the predicted sensitivity and the real-time net count rate of alpha particles currently collected to further calculate the radon concentration and provide a quantitative basis for rapid radon measurement. By analyzing the current data and combining the predicted sensitivity, the radon concentration value to be measured is obtained;

[0213] Module 5: Accuracy and error analysis module. The algorithm experimental verification and error analysis module is mainly used to verify the results obtained by the algorithm and evaluate the error. By comparing the radon concentration value of the standard radon room with the obtained radon concentration value, the absolute error and relative error are calculated to evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm.

[0214] The device for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow realizes an efficient, flexible and accurate radon measurement process through modular design.

[0215] The measurement time setting and sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module supports flexible adjustment of measurement time and predicted sensitivity to adapt to different experimental conditions; the predicted sensitivity acquisition module converts the current α particle net count rate into radon concentration in real time to ensure the validity of radon concentration data; the radon concentration acquisition module quickly calculates the radon concentration, and the error analysis module optimizes system performance by comparing the measurement and calculation results. The measurement mode setting module ensures the response speed in multi-cycle dynamic measurement; the construction and solution process of the theoretical model for rapid solution of radon concentration lays the foundation for the accuracy of theoretical calculation and provides a solid theoretical foundation for the reliability of experimental data; the experimental condition setting and predicted sensitivity solution ensure that the system can flexibly adjust the measurement time and pump speed to meet the needs of different experimental time conditions; the radon concentration value calculation module obtains the radon concentration of the air to be measured according to the current data and supports rapid radon measurement; the algorithm experiment verification and error analysis module feedbacks and optimizes system performance by comparing the radon concentration of the standard radon room and the error of the obtained results. Through modular independent design devices, high efficiency, flexibility and accuracy of radon measurement are achieved. First, the independence brought by the modular structure enables each functional part to be developed, expanded, measured and maintained separately, reducing mutual interference, improving the response speed and accuracy of the system, and facilitating expansion and upgrading, thereby improving the reliability and adaptability of the measurement system as a whole.

[0216] The present invention not only proposes an innovative method and system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow, but also elaborates on the design of the terminal equipment necessary for implementing the method. As the carrier of the method, the terminal equipment ensures the efficient and accurate execution of the entire measurement process, and converts the measurement data into readable and usable information, providing strong technical support for environmental radon monitoring.

[0217] The terminal device in this embodiment is the key bridge between the measurement method and practical application. It integrates a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and can be run on the processor, which together constitute the hardware and software basis for realizing the rapid radon measurement method. As the core of the terminal device, the processor is responsible for executing the instructions in the computer program and completing the whole process from data acquisition, processing to result output. The memory is used to store computer programs, modules, and data generated during the measurement process to ensure the integrity and traceability of the information.

[0218] The processor is the "brain" of the terminal device, and its performance directly affects the measurement speed and accuracy. The processor in the present invention can be a central processing unit (CPU), or a high-performance computing unit such as a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a readily available field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to meet the computing needs in different application scenarios. These processor types have their own characteristics. For example, the CPU is good at general computing, the DSP is suitable for signal processing, and the ASIC and FPGA can provide a high degree of parallel processing capabilities and customization functions to ensure the flexibility and efficiency of the measurement method.

[0219] As a storage medium for data, the capacity and access speed of the memory are also crucial. The memory in the present invention includes but is not limited to read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM) and various external storage media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, etc. ROM is used to store fixed program instructions and constants to ensure basic functions when the system starts; RAM is used as a temporary data storage area to support the processor to quickly access and process data. External storage media provides a larger storage space for long-term storage of measurement data and program updates.

[0220] The computer program is the core software for implementing the measurement method, which contains all the instructions required for executing the measurement steps, data processing and result display. In order to improve the maintainability and scalability of the program, the present invention adopts a modular design, dividing the computer program into one or more modules / units. Each module / unit is responsible for implementing a specific function, such as the data acquisition module is responsible for obtaining the net count rate data from the detector, the data processing module is responsible for calculating the radon concentration according to the theoretical model, and the result display module is responsible for presenting the measurement results to the user in an intuitive manner.

[0221] These modules / units are stored in the memory and executed by the processor on demand. Through modular design, not only can functions be easily added or modified, but also individual measurements and debugging can be performed without affecting other modules, greatly improving development efficiency and program stability.

[0222] The computer program in the present invention can not only run inside the terminal device, but also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and sold or used as an independent product. These storage media include but are not limited to physical media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, optical disks, and software distribution media transmitted over the network. The computer program exists in these media in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or some intermediate form, and users can select appropriate media and program forms for installation and use as needed.

[0223] It is worth noting that the scope of computer-readable storage media may vary according to the legislation and patent practice requirements of different jurisdictions. In some regions, electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals may not be considered part of computer-readable storage media. Therefore, in specific applications, appropriate adjustments need to be made according to local laws and regulations.

[0224] The present invention provides a comprehensive and reliable implementation scheme for the method of rapid determination of radioactive radon concentration in air based on scintillation gas flow through a well-designed terminal device, efficient processor and memory configuration, modular computer program and flexible computer-readable storage medium selection. This scheme not only improves the measurement efficiency and accuracy, but also lays a solid foundation for the intelligent and automated development of environmental radon gas monitoring.

[0225] The present invention discloses a method and system for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow. The method determines the measurement mode, constructs a theoretical model for rapidly solving the radon concentration, considers parameters such as pump speed and measurement time, obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient, combines the net count rate of the detector obtained in real time, measures the radon concentration of the environment to be measured, and compares and analyzes the radon concentration of the environment to be measured measured by the standard instrument, and calculates the error. The method converts the differential equation into a linear equation system and solves it through a matrix, taking into account the calculation accuracy and efficiency, accurately coupling the dynamic effect brought by the pump speed with the decay characteristics of the radon gas itself, and making the measurement more efficient and accurate. In addition, the system adopts a modular design, including a measurement mode setting module, a sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, a predicted sensitivity acquisition module, a radon concentration acquisition module, and an accuracy and error analysis module, to ensure that each module operates independently and is easy to manage, and each module operates independently and is flexibly configured, to ensure that the system is suitable for different environments and works stably. Through the gas flow continuous measurement mode, the system monitors the environmental radon concentration in real time and provides high-precision data. Its precise monitoring capability can timely identify radiation risks, ensure public health and environmental safety, and has wide application value in complex environments such as underground engineering, nuclear facility operation and maintenance, and accident rescue.

[0226] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly determining the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: P1: Get the net alpha particle count rate in the corresponding time period during the measurement; P2: Obtain the radon concentration value in the air to be tested through the obtained α particle net counting rate and the preset radon concentration solution model; The radon concentration solution model takes into account the relationship between the net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period and the volume of the measurement cavity, the sampling pump speed, and the initial concentration of radon and its daughters in the measurement cavity during the measurement time period during the construction process, and obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the radioactive radon concentration in the air. The net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period is converted into the radon concentration value in the environment through the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

2. The method for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the radon concentration solution model is specifically as follows: P21: Establish the relationship between the net alpha particle count rate generated by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement period and the measurement cavity volume, sampling pump speed and the initial radon and its daughter concentration in the measurement cavity, and obtain the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity; P22: Obtaining the radioactive activity of radon and its progeny according to the number of radon and its progeny in the air entering the measurement chamber, and obtaining the sensitivity conversion coefficient according to the radioactive activity of radon and its progeny; P23: The radon concentration solution model is established through the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the tester's own sensitivity.

3. The method for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step P21, the relationship between the net alpha particle count rate generated by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement period and the measurement cavity volume, sampling pump speed, and the initial radon and its daughter concentration in the measurement cavity is established to obtain the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity, specifically: Where N0(t), N1(t), N2(t), N3(t), and N4(t) are 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 The number of Po changes with time t; k0 is a constant; Q is the sampling pump speed, m 3 / s; V is the volume of the measuring cavity, m 3 ; N 0,env is a constant; o , λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4 are respectively 222 Rn, 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Decay constant of Po, s -1 .

4. The method for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step P22, the radioactivity of radon and its daughters is obtained by the number of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement chamber, and the sensitivity conversion coefficient is obtained by the radioactivity of radon and its daughters; specifically: A o (t)=λ0N0(t) A1(t)=λ1N1(t) A2(t)=λ2N2(t) A3(t)=λ3N3(t) A4(t)=λ4N4(t) In the formula, A o (t), A1(t), A2(t), A3(t) and A4(t) are the radioactive activities of radon and its daughters; b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient; T S T is any time point after the air in the measurement chamber is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium; x It is to measure any time point before the air in the cavity is completely replaced by radon and its progeny and the replaced radon and its progeny reach decay equilibrium.

5. The method for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in the air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step P23, the radon concentration solution model is established by using the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the sensitivity of the tester itself, specifically: In the formula, C m is the measured value of the radioactive radon concentration in the air to be tested, Bq / m 3 ; n x (ΔT) is the real-time value of the α-particle net counting rate within the ΔT period, cpm; S x is the predicted sensitivity, cpm / (Bq / m 3 ); S is the sensitivity of the tester itself, cpm / (Bq / m 3 ); b is the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

6. The method for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step P2, the method further includes obtaining the error value of the radon concentration in the air to be measured within the corresponding measurement time period.

7. A system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the net counting rate of alpha particles in a corresponding time period during the measurement; A data processing module, wherein the data processing module is used to obtain a radon concentration value in the air to be tested by using the obtained alpha particle net counting rate and a preset radon concentration solution model; The radon concentration solution model takes into account the relationship between the net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period and the volume of the measurement cavity, the sampling pump speed, and the initial concentration of radon and its daughters in the measurement cavity during the measurement time period during the construction process, and obtains the sensitivity conversion coefficient of the radioactive radon concentration in the air. The net counting rate of alpha particles produced by the decay of radon and its daughters in the air entering the measurement cavity during the measurement time period is converted into the radon concentration value in the environment through the sensitivity conversion coefficient.

8. A system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a measurement mode setting module and a data transmission module that communicate with each other; The measurement mode setting module is used to set the acquisition mode of the α particle net counting rate according to the experimental requirements and system design; the data transmission module is used to transmit the acquired α particle net counting rate to the data processing module; The data processing module includes a sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module, a prediction sensitivity acquisition module and a radon concentration acquisition module which are sequentially communicated and set; The sensitivity conversion coefficient acquisition module is used to obtain the sensitivity conversion coefficient according to the ratio between the theoretical α particle net counting rates in different measurement time periods; the predicted sensitivity acquisition module is used to obtain the predicted sensitivity according to the sensitivity conversion coefficient and the sensitivity of the tester itself; the radon concentration acquisition module is used to obtain the radon concentration value in the air to be tested according to the predicted sensitivity and the α particle net counting rate in the corresponding time period obtained by the data acquisition module.

9. A system for rapidly measuring the concentration of radioactive radon in air based on scintillation gas flow according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system further comprises an accuracy and error analysis module, which communicates with the radon concentration acquisition module and is used for evaluating the accuracy of the acquired radon concentration value.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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