Compound feed for improving slaughtering performance of broiler chickens and preparation method of compound feed

Abstract

The invention provides a compound feed for improving slaughter performance of broiler chickens and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of broiler chicken breeding preparation. The compound feed is prepared by mixing soybean meal, cooked Chinese yam powder, corn grit, a chamomile fermented material, citrus essential oil, compound vitamins, compound amino acid, stone powder, fishbone dust and sodium chloride, and the chamomile fermented material is prepared by fermenting chamomile with lactobacillus plantarum, sterilizing the chamomile and then fermenting the chamomile with cryptococcus laurentii. According to the broiler feed, the defects in the prior art are overcome, the growth efficiency and slaughter performance of broilers are improved under the condition of not adding hormones and antibiotics by optimizing the components of the broiler feed, and the economic benefit of breeding is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of broiler breeding and preparation, and in particular to a compound feed for improving the slaughtering performance of broilers and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Broilers are the most common poultry raised by humans. With the development of the broiler industry, per capita chicken consumption far exceeds that of pork and beef. In addition, chicken is widely popular in the market due to its lower fat and higher protein content, especially for fitness people. On this basis, the requirements for broiler breeding are gradually increasing.

[0003] At present, in order to ensure that the growth cycle of broilers is short, the chickens are marketed quickly, and the economic benefits of breeding are improved, most of the growth agents, antibiotics, hormones, etc. are added to the breeding feed. This poses certain hidden dangers to the subsequent quality of broilers and is contrary to the pursuit of organic breeding in the high-end market. However, traditional feed without additives has poor effect on the weight gain of broilers, which greatly reduces the slaughter performance of broilers. Therefore, at this stage, it is necessary to improve broiler feed to ensure the efficient weight gain and slaughter performance of broilers without additives such as hormones, so as to improve the economic benefits of broiler breeding. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a compound feed for improving the slaughter performance of broilers and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing the ingredients of broiler feed, the growth efficiency and slaughter performance of broilers are improved without adding hormones and antibiotics, thereby comprehensively improving the economic benefits of breeding.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A compound feed for improving the slaughter performance of broilers. The compound feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of cooked yam powder, 10-14 parts of corn residues, 2-4 parts of chamomile fermentation material, 0.2-0.4 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.1-0.3 parts of complex vitamins, 0.1-0.2 parts of complex amino acids, 1-1.4 parts of stone powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of fish bone powder, and 0.1-0.2 parts of sodium chloride.

[0007] Preferably, the method for preparing the cooked yam powder is to clean the yam and place it in a steamer with the skin on and steam it for 20-30 minutes, then grind it into a paste and dry and crush it.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the chamomile fermented material comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Wash the chamomile, add water and grind it into pulp, then add pectinase and cellulase to perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 1-2 hours to obtain enzymatic hydrolysis pulp for later use;

[0010] (2) adding the enzymatic hydrolyzed slurry to Lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation for 8-10 hours, and then boiling and sterilizing for 15-20 minutes to obtain the boiled material for later use;

[0011] (3) Cryptococcus laurentii is inoculated into the above-mentioned cooked material, and the fermentation process is continued for 4-8 hours, and then dried to a moisture content of ≤12% to obtain chamomile fermented material.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the added amount of pectinase and cellulase is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of chamomile.

[0013] Preferably, the amount of Lactobacillus plantarum added in step (2) is 0.2%-0.4% of the total mass of chamomile, and the boiling and sterilization treatment is performed at a temperature of 100-110° C. for 15-20 minutes.

[0014] Preferably, in step (3), the inoculation amount of Cryptococcus laurentii is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of chamomile, and the drying method is hot air drying at a temperature of 35-45°C.

[0015] Preferably, the complex vitamin is vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3:2:2:1:2:1.

[0016] Preferably, the composite amino acid is obtained by mixing lysine and DL-methionine in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0017] The preparation method of compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Mix soybean meal, cooked yam powder, corn residue, chamomile fermentation material, stone powder and fish bone powder, and grind them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed material for later use;

[0019] S2. Add citrus essential oil, complex vitamins, complex amino acids and sodium chloride to the above mixture, mix well and use a granulator to granulate to obtain compound feed.

[0020] The present invention provides a compound feed for improving the slaughter performance of broilers and a preparation method thereof, which has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0021] The present invention adds chamomile fermentation material, cooked yam powder, citrus essential oil, complex vitamins and complex amino acids to chicken feed, thereby promoting the weight gain of broilers without adding hormones, ensuring the broilers' feeding and reducing the disease rate of broilers, further improving the slaughter performance of broilers, realizing the organic breeding of broilers, improving the quality of chicken, and comprehensively improving the economic benefits of breeding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following examples, Lactobacillus plantarum was purchased from Shaanxi Wensheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with the product number wssw20220140; Cryptococcus laurentii was purchased from Shanghai Jiachu Bioengineering Co., Ltd. with the product number SHBCC D10523.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] 1. Preparation of chamomile material:

[0026] 1.1. Chamomile fermentation material A:

[0027] (1) Wash the chamomile, add water and grind it into pulp, then add 0.15% of pectinase and cellulase to perform enzymolysis for 1.5 hours to obtain enzymolysis pulp for later use;

[0028] (2) adding the above enzymatic hydrolyzed slurry to 0.3% of the total weight of chamomile Lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation for 9 hours, and then boiling and sterilizing at 110° C. for 15 minutes to obtain the boiled material for later use;

[0029] (3) Cryptococcus laurentii was inoculated into the above-mentioned cooked material at a rate of 0.15% of the total mass of chamomile, and the fermentation process was continued for 6 hours. The material was then dried with hot air at 40° C. until the moisture content was ≤12%, thereby obtaining chamomile fermentation material A.

[0030] 1.2. Chamomile fermentation material B:

[0031] (1) Wash the chamomile, add water and grind it into pulp, then add 0.15% of pectinase and cellulase to perform enzymolysis for 1.5 hours to obtain enzymolysis pulp for later use;

[0032] (2) adding the above enzymatic hydrolysis slurry to 0.3% of the total weight of chamomile Lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation for 9 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for later use;

[0033] (3) Cryptococcus laurentii was inoculated into the preliminary fermentation material at a rate of 0.15% of the total mass of chamomile, and the fermentation was continued for 6 hours. The material was then dried with hot air at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, thereby obtaining chamomile fermentation material B.

[0034] 1.3. Chamomile fermentation material C:

[0035] (1) Wash the chamomile, add water and grind it into pulp, then add 0.15% of pectinase and cellulase to perform enzymolysis for 1.5 hours to obtain enzymolysis pulp for later use;

[0036] (2) adding the above enzymatic hydrolysis slurry to 0.3% of the total weight of chamomile Lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation for 9 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for later use;

[0037] (3) Cryptococcus laurentii was inoculated into the preliminary fermentation material at a rate of 0.15% of the total mass of chamomile, and the fermentation was continued for 6 hours. The material was then sterilized by boiling at 110° C. for 15 minutes, and then dried by hot air at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, thereby obtaining chamomile fermentation material C.

[0038] 1.4. Chamomile processed materials:

[0039] Wash the chamomile, add water and grind it into pulp, then add pectinase and cellulase with a total weight of 0.15% of the chamomile for enzymatic hydrolysis for 1.5 hours, boil and sterilize the enzymatic hydrolysis pulp at 110°C for 15 minutes, and then dry it with hot air at 40°C to a moisture content of ≤12% to obtain chamomile treated material.

[0040] 2. Preparation of yam powder:

[0041] 2.1. Preparation of cooked yam powder:

[0042] After cleaning the yam, place it in a steamer with the skin on at 110°C for 25 minutes, grind it into a paste, dry it at 40°C, and crush it to obtain cooked yam powder;

[0043] 2.2. Preparation of raw yam powder:

[0044] The yam is peeled and ground into pulp, and then dried and crushed at 40°C to obtain raw yam powder.

[0045] 3. Complex vitamins: Vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3:2:2:1:2:1.

[0046] 4. Composite amino acids: lysine and DL-methionine are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0047] 5. Preparation of compound feed:

[0048] (1) Prepare the following materials by weight: 18 parts of soybean meal, 11 parts of yam powder, 12 parts of corn residue, 3 parts of chamomile, 0.3 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.2 parts of multivitamins, 0.15 parts of multiamino acids, 1.2 parts of stone powder, 1 part of fish bone powder, and 0.15 parts of sodium chloride.

[0049] (2) Mix soybean meal, yam powder, corn residue, chamomile material, stone powder and fish bone powder, and grind them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed material for later use;

[0050] (3) Add citrus essential oil, complex vitamins, complex amino acids and sodium chloride to the above mixture, mix well and use a granulator to granulate to obtain a compound feed.

[0051] According to Table 1 below, different yam powder and chamomile materials were selected to prepare different compound feeds:

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Group Yam powder Chamomile Compound feed 1 Cooked yam powder Chamomile fermented material A Compound feed 2 Raw yam powder Chamomile fermented material A Compound feed 3 Cooked yam powder Chamomile fermented material B Compound feed 4 Cooked yam powder Chamomile fermented material C Compound feed 5 Cooked yam powder Chamomile processed material

[0054] Comparative Example 1:

[0055] Preparation of compound feed:

[0056] (1) Prepare the following materials by weight: 18 parts soybean meal, 12 parts corn residue, 3 parts chamomile fermentation material A, 0.3 parts citrus essential oil, 0.2 parts multivitamins, 0.15 parts multiamino acids, 1.2 parts stone powder, 1 part fish bone powder, and 0.15 parts sodium chloride.

[0057] (2) Mix the soybean meal, corn residue, chamomile fermentation material A, stone powder and fish bone powder, and grind them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed material for later use;

[0058] (3) Add citrus essential oil, complex vitamins, complex amino acids and sodium chloride to the above mixture, mix well and use a granulator to granulate to obtain compound feed 6.

[0059] Comparative Example 2:

[0060] Preparation of compound feed:

[0061] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of soybean meal, 11 parts of cooked yam powder, 12 parts of corn residue, 0.3 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.2 parts of multivitamins, 0.15 parts of multiamino acids, 1.2 parts of stone powder, 1 part of fish bone powder, and 0.15 parts of sodium chloride.

[0062] (2) Mix soybean meal, cooked yam powder, corn residue, stone powder and fish bone powder, and grind them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed material for later use;

[0063] (3) Add citrus essential oil, complex vitamins, complex amino acids and sodium chloride to the above mixture, mix well and use a granulator to granulate to obtain compound feed 7.

[0064] Comparative Example 3:

[0065] The normal diet for broilers is set, and the specific diet mass percentage is as follows:

[0066] Corn 57.28%, soybean meal 33.68%, soybean oil 5.10%, lysine 0.13%, DL-methionine 0.12%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.37%, stone powder 1.02%, sodium chloride 0.30%, premix 1%.

[0067] The premix provides the following per kilogram of daily diet: VA 9000 IU / kg, VD 33000 IU / kg, VE 26 mg, VK 31.20 mg, VB 13 mg / kg, VB 28 mg / kg, niacin 45 mg / kg, pantothenic acid 10 mg / kg, folic acid 0.75 mg / kg, Zn 35 mg / kg, Mn 50 mg / kg, Fe 90 mg / kg, Cu 6 mg / kg, I 0.3 mg / kg, Se 0.35 mg / kg, and Co 0.15 mg / kg.

[0068] Detection:

[0069] 160 healthy 3-day-old white-feathered broilers were selected and randomly divided into 8 groups, with 20 in each group; the white-feathered broilers in each group were placed in the same chicken house and raised in a flat-raising manner. The average weight before and after 45 days of feeding was tested, and the average daily weight gain was calculated. The specific results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0070] Table 2

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] After weighing, each group randomly selected 5 broiler chickens for slaughter, and calculated the slaughter rate, half-evisceration rate and full-evisceration rate. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0074] Table 3

[0075] Group Slaughter rate Half-eviscerated rate Full evisceration rate Experimental Group 1 90.40％ 86.02％ 71.83％ Experimental Group 2 89.67％ 85.26％ 71.68％ Experimental Group 3 89.42％ 85.13％ 71.66％ Experimental Group 4 89.16％ 84.75％ 71.57％ Experimental Group 5 88.39％ 84.12％ 71.49％ Experimental Group 6 88.23％ 83.97％ 71.39％ Experimental Group 7 88.35％ 83.71％ 71.32％ Experimental Group 8 87.32％ 83.17％ 71.02％

[0076] From the above tests, it can be seen that feeding compound feed 1 to experimental group 1 can effectively promote the weight gain of white-feathered chickens and comprehensively improve the slaughter performance.

[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound feed for improving the slaughter performance of broiler chickens, characterized in that: The compound feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of cooked yam powder, 10-14 parts of corn residues, 2-4 parts of chamomile fermentation material, 0.2-0.4 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.1-0.3 parts of complex vitamins, 0.1-0.2 parts of complex amino acids, 1-1.4 parts of stone powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of fish bone powder, and 0.1-0.2 parts of sodium chloride.

2. The compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the cooked yam powder comprises the following steps: washing the yam clean, placing the yam with the skin on a steamer and steaming the yam for 20-30 minutes, grinding the yam into a paste, drying the paste and crushing the paste.

3. The compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the chamomile fermented material comprises the following steps: (1) Wash the chamomile, add water and grind it into pulp, then add pectinase and cellulase to perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 1-2 hours to obtain enzymatic hydrolysis pulp for later use; (2) adding the enzymatic hydrolyzed slurry to Lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation for 8-10 hours, and then boiling and sterilizing for 15-20 minutes to obtain the boiled material for later use; (3) Cryptococcus laurentii is inoculated into the above-mentioned cooked material, and the fermentation process is continued for 4-8 hours, and then dried to a moisture content of ≤12% to obtain chamomile fermented material.

4. The compound feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (1), the added amount of pectinase and cellulase is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of chamomile.

5. The compound feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (2), the amount of Lactobacillus plantarum added is 0.2%-0.4% of the total mass of chamomile, and the boiling and sterilization treatment is performed at a temperature of 100-110° C. for 15-20 minutes.

6. The compound feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (3), the inoculation amount of Cryptococcus laurentii is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of chamomile, and the drying method is hot air drying at a temperature of 35-45°C.

7. The compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex vitamin is obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:3:2:2:1:2:

1.

8. The compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite amino acid is obtained by mixing lysine and DL-methionine in a mass ratio of 2:

1.

9. A method for preparing a compound feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. Mix soybean meal, cooked yam powder, corn residue, chamomile fermentation material, stone powder and fish bone powder, and grind them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed material for later use; S2. Add citrus essential oil, complex vitamins, complex amino acids and sodium chloride to the above mixture, mix well and use a granulator to granulate to obtain compound feed.

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