Sheep feed based on mulberry leaves and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to a breeding technology, and relates to a sheep feed based on mulberry leaves and a preparation method thereof. The sheep feed is prepared from new mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, table salt and monocalcium phosphate, and the new mulberry shoots and the silkworm excrement are subjected to fermentation treatment at the same time. According to the invention, the new mulberry shoots are combined with the silkworm excrement, co-fermentation is carried out, a conventional feed is added to form a new sheep feed, and conventional feeding finds that the feed-gain ratio can be reduced, and a significant difference exists.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to breeding technology and relates to a sheep feed, in particular to a sheep feed based on mulberry leaves and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mulberry trees are widely distributed in my country. Their leaves have high nutritional value and can be used to feed silkworms. However, due to the market regulation of silkworm breeding and pruning, mulberry leaves are often not fully utilized. Mulberry leaves have the effect of reducing blood sugar and fat in traditional Chinese medicine [Study on the hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf extracts before and after fermentation], and also show the function of regulating lipid metabolism in animal production. Studies have found that mulberry leaves regulate fat metabolism by regulating the activity of sucrase, lipase and liver sugar metabolism enzymes in fattening pigs, reducing the oil rate and backfat thickness, increasing muscle fat deposition, and increasing muscle unsaturated fatty acid content [Effects of adding mulberry leaves to feed on growth performance, fat metabolism and meat quality of fattening pigs]; feeding mulberry leaves to Rex rabbits can reduce the blood lipid content of Rex rabbits and enhance the antioxidant capacity of the liver [Effects of mulberry leaf powder addition on lipid metabolism and liver antioxidant capacity of Rex rabbits].

[0003] In the prior art, feeding silage mulberry leaves can significantly affect the expression of mRNA related genes of fat metabolism in Shaanxi white cashmere goats. The expression products of these genes have the effect of regulating fat deposition and improving meat quality. In the prior art, whole corn silage is used as roughage, and 15% to 45% mulberry leaf powder is added to the concentrate to increase the TVFA and acetic acid / propionic acid fermented in the rumen of Hu sheep. Moreover, adding 45% mulberry leaf powder increases the relative number of white Ruminococcus and Butyrivibrio fibrinolyticus in the rumen, indicating that adding mulberry leaf powder can promote the fermentation of rumen fiber substances, and the effect of 45% mulberry leaf powder is better. However, there is little research on the effect of mulberry leaf powder on the feed-to-weight ratio in the sheep breeding process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention adopts mulberry new shoots and silkworm excrement, ferments them together, and adds conventional feed to form new sheep feed. Conventional feeding is found to reduce the feed-to-weight ratio, which has a significant difference.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme.

[0006] A sheep feed based on mulberry leaves comprises mulberry shoots and silkworm feces.

[0007] Furthermore, the above-mentioned mulberry leaf-based sheep feed also includes corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, and inorganic salts; preferably, the inorganic salts include table salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0008] Preferably, the sheep feed of the present invention is composed of mulberry shoots, silkworm feces, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and monocalcium phosphate.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and monocalcium phosphate is (10-15): (5-10): (15-25): (20-25): (15-25): (10-20): (0.1-1): (0.5-2); further preferably, the mass ratio of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and monocalcium phosphate is (12-14): (6-8): (18-23): (22-24): (17-22): (13-17): (0.2-0.7): (0.9-1.5).

[0010] Preferably, the new mulberry shoots are in strip shape with a length of 1 to 3 cm, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 cm.

[0011] Preferably, the mulberry shoots are fermented; the silkworm excrement is fermented. Further preferably, the mulberry shoots and silkworm excrement are fermented at the same time. Microbial fermentation can change the composition and content of nutrients in mulberry leaves through its life activities. After the mulberry leaves are fermented by microorganisms, the macromolecular proteins are degraded into small peptides, soluble proteins and free amino acids, among which non-protein nitrogen can be converted into bacterial protein by microbial action, thereby increasing the true protein content. Adding a certain proportion of fermented mulberry leaf powder to animal feed can improve product quality, but adding a higher proportion of fermented mulberry leaf powder to feed can lead to a decrease in the growth performance of livestock and poultry.

[0012] After silkworms eat fresh mulberry leaves, some of the nutrients in the leaves, such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, are digested and absorbed, while other nutrients, such as chlorophyll, are not absorbed and utilized and are excreted from the feces along with the metabolic end products in the silkworms. Silkworm feces look like sand. Silkworm feces are rich in nutrients because silkworms feed on mulberry leaves, eat a large amount of food, and excrete quickly. Most of the nutrients in the mulberry leaves are excreted from the body before the silkworms have fully absorbed them [Study on the Comprehensive Utilization of Silkworm Feces]. Silkworm feces are relatively cheap compared to other concentrated feeds and can be used as a very good substitute for sheep feed.

[0013] The invention discloses a method for preparing the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed. Mulberry new shoots, silkworm feces, corn stalks, corn grains, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed.

[0014] The invention discloses application of the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed in sheep breeding or in preparing sheep feed.

[0015] The invention discloses a method for feeding sheep, which comprises feeding the sheep with the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed.

[0016] Mulberry leaves have physiological functions such as anti-oxidation, lowering blood lipids, and enhancing body immunity [Effects of mulberry leaf powder and fermented mulberry leaf powder on growth performance, serum biochemical indicators and antioxidant indicators of bearded chickens]. It is reported that the amino acid composition of mulberry leaves is balanced, rich in bioactive substances such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and high feeding value. Making mulberry leaves into mulberry leaf powder is a commonly used processing technology in the feed industry. Studies have shown that mulberry leaf powder can increase the daily weight gain of fattening pigs and improve the production performance of laying hens and egg quality [Effects of mulberry leaf powder on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality and flavor of growing and fattening pigs]. Mature mulberry leaves have a high crude fiber content and contain anti-nutritional factors such as phytic acid and tannin, which reduce the feeding value of fresh mulberry and mulberry leaf powder in ruminant feed. In the present invention, the fermentation of microorganisms can effectively alleviate the effect of anti-nutritional factors on animal digestion and absorption, especially by fermenting mulberry new shoots with silkworm feces, adding conventional feed to form a new sheep feed, and conventional feeding. It is found that the feed-to-weight ratio can be reduced, with significant differences. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] There are few studies on the effect of mulberry leaf powder on the feed-to-weight ratio in sheep breeding. In the present invention, the fermentation of microorganisms can effectively alleviate the effect of anti-nutritional factors on animal digestion and absorption, especially by fermenting mulberry shoots and silkworm feces, adding them into conventional feed to form a new sheep feed, and conventional feeding, which can reduce the feed-to-weight ratio, with significant differences.

[0018] The following is an explanation of the technical progress of the present invention through specific experiments. The raw materials used are all existing products, and the specific preparation operations and performance tests are all conventional techniques.

[0019] Mulberry new shoots is an existing term, which refers to the tender shoots from which leaf buds sprout and leaves unfold. In the present invention, the mulberry new shoots are the tender shoots of mulberry trees, with tender leaves and tender branches. Further, the mulberry new shoots of the present invention can be freshly picked, or can be the residue after silkworm rearing, and the tender branches with leaves can be picked out.

[0020] Silkworm excrement is a conventional by-product of silkworm breeding and can be obtained according to conventional methods in the art.

[0021] The fermentation liquid was commercially available Yishengbao and was used according to the instructions.

[0022] Embodiment 1 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, fermented at 20°C for 5 days, and then silkworm feces are added and fermented for another 3 days to obtain a fermented mulberry shoot and silkworm feces mixture for preparing feed.

[0023] Mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain sheep feed based on mulberry leaves. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 12Kg, 8Kg, 20Kg, 23.5Kg, 20Kg, 15Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0024] Embodiment 2 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, and fermented at 20℃ for 8 days to obtain fermented mulberry shoots for feed preparation. The silkworm excrement is sprayed with fermentation liquid and fermented at 20°C for 3 days to obtain the fermented silkworm excrement, which is used to prepare feed.

[0025] Mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain sheep feed based on mulberry leaves. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 12Kg, 8Kg, 20Kg, 23.5Kg, 20Kg, 15Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, and fermented at 20°C for 8 days to obtain fermented mulberry shoots for preparing feed.

[0027] Mulberry shoots, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain sheep feed based on mulberry leaves. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm feces, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 20Kg, 20Kg, 23.5Kg, 20Kg, 15Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0028] Animal experiments 120 healthy, fattening Hu sheep rams weighing about 30 kg were selected and raised in group pens, and randomly divided into 4 groups: the feed group of Example 1, the feed of Example 2, the feed group of Comparative Example 1, and the control group were fed with conventional feed, with 3 replicates in each group and the same feeding method. The test period was 67 days, with a 7-day adaptation period and a 60-day regular test period. All sheep were weighed on the first day of the regular test period as the initial weight, and then weighed once every 20 days, and daily food intake records were kept.

[0029] Table 1 Feed-to-weight ratio of different feeds

[0030] Note: The same lowercase letters in the same row indicate no significant difference (P>0.05), and different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05).

[0031] Embodiment 3 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, fermented at 20°C for 5 days, and then silkworm feces are added and fermented for another 3 days to obtain a fermented mulberry shoot and silkworm feces mixture for preparing feed.

[0032] Mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain sheep feed based on mulberry leaves. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 12Kg, 8Kg, 21Kg, 22.5Kg, 20Kg, 15Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0033] Embodiment 4 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, fermented at 20°C for 5 days, and then silkworm feces are added and fermented for another 3 days to obtain a fermented mulberry shoot and silkworm feces mixture for preparing feed.

[0034] Mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain sheep feed based on mulberry leaves. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 12Kg, 8Kg, 20Kg, 22.5Kg, 21Kg, 15Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0035] Embodiment 5 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, fermented at 20°C for 5 days, and then silkworm feces are added and fermented for another 3 days to obtain a fermented mulberry shoot and silkworm feces mixture for preparing feed.

[0036] Mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain sheep feed based on mulberry leaves. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 12Kg, 8Kg, 20Kg, 22.5Kg, 20Kg, 16Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0037] Embodiment 6 Fresh mulberry shoots are cut into strips of about 2 cm by a hay cutter, sprayed with fermentation liquid, fermented at 20°C for 5 days, and then silkworm feces are added and fermented for another 3 days to obtain a fermented mulberry shoot and silkworm feces mixture for preparing feed.

[0038] Mulberry leaf-based sheep feed is obtained by mixing mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate. The masses of mulberry shoots, silkworm excrement, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are 13Kg, 7Kg, 21Kg, 22.5Kg, 20Kg, 15Kg, 0.5Kg and 1Kg.

[0039] The invention adds fermented mulberry leaf shoots to the ruminant feed, which can improve economic benefits, enhance meat quality and reduce feed-to-weight ratio without affecting the production performance of the ruminant.

Claims

1. A sheep feed based on mulberry leaves, comprising mulberry shoots and silkworm feces.

2. The sheep feed based on mulberry leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mulberry leaf-based sheep feed also includes corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran and inorganic salts.

3. The sheep feed based on mulberry leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salts include.

4. The sheep feed based on mulberry leaves according to claim 3, characterized in that The mass ratio of mulberry shoots, silkworm feces, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate is (10-15): (5-10): (15-25): (20-25): (15-25): (10-20): (0.1-1): (0.5-2).

5. The sheep feed based on mulberry leaves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of mulberry shoots, silkworm feces, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt and calcium dihydrogen phosphate is (12-14): (6-8): (18-23): (22-24): (17-22): (13-17): (0.2-0.7): (0.9-1.5).

6. The sheep feed based on mulberry leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mulberry shoots are fermented; silkworm feces are fermented.

7. The sheep feed based on mulberry leaves according to claim 6, characterized in that: Mulberry shoots and silkworm feces are fermented at the same time.

8. The method for preparing the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed according to claim 1, comprising mixing mulberry shoots, silkworm feces, corn stalks, corn kernels, soybean meal, wheat bran, salt, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed.

9. Use of the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed according to claim 1 in sheep breeding or in the preparation of sheep feed.

10. A method for feeding sheep, comprising feeding sheep with the mulberry leaf-based sheep feed according to claim 1.

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