Bipolar plate, PEM electrolytic cell, PEM fuel cell and new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and discloses a bipolar plate, a PEM electrolytic bath, a PEM fuel cell and a new energy vehicle, the bipolar plate comprises a bipolar plate body, and the bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet channel, a water outlet channel and a first reaction tank; the first reaction tank is formed on the anode side surface of the bipolar plate body and is sequentially divided into a water inlet distribution area, an anode reaction area and a water outlet confluence area along the length direction of the bipolar plate body, the water inlet channel is communicated with the water inlet distribution area, the water outlet channel is communicated with the water outlet confluence area, and the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are staggered in the length direction of the bipolar plate body; the water inlet distribution area is provided with a shunting direct connection section which is aligned and communicated with the water inlet channel and a shunting dislocation section which is staggered with the water inlet channel in the length direction of the bipolar plate body, a first shunting flow channel is formed in the shunting direct connection section, a second shunting flow channel is formed in the shunting dislocation section, and the circulation resistance of the first shunting flow channel is greater than that of the second shunting flow channel. The bipolar plate provided by the invention has good electrolytic efficiency and performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and specifically relates to a bipolar plate, a PEM electrolyzer, a PEM fuel cell and a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is a clean, environmentally friendly, renewable emerging energy source with high conversion efficiency.

[0003] PEM electrolyzer is a device that converts electrical energy into hydrogen energy. It has the advantages of small size, wide power operation range, short start-stop time, and low maintenance cost. PEM electrolyzer mainly includes membrane electrode, gas diffusion layer, bipolar plate, current collector, insulation plate, end plate, etc.

[0004] A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy. It is mainly composed of a battery stack, bipolar plates, etc. and is the power source for new energy vehicles (especially hydrogen fuel cell vehicles).

[0005] Bipolar plates are important components in electrolyzers and fuel cell stacks, and they mainly play the role of mass transfer, conductivity, and fixed support. The bipolar plate has an anode side and a cathode side, and both the anode side and the cathode side have a reaction zone. Pure water enters the anode side from the water inlet, passes through the distribution area, and then enters the flow channel of the reaction zone to react and generate oxygen. In existing bipolar plates, in actual application, the flow uniformity of pure water in the flow channel of the reaction zone is poor, which has a great impact on the electrolysis efficiency and performance. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies or defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a bipolar plate, a PEM electrolyzer, a PEM fuel cell and a new energy vehicle, aiming to solve the technical problem that the flow uniformity of pure water in the reaction zone flow channel on the anode side is poor, which has a significant impact on the electrolysis efficiency and performance of the bipolar plate.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a bipolar plate, comprising a bipolar plate body, wherein the bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet channel, a water outlet channel and a first reaction groove, wherein the first reaction groove is formed on the anode side of the bipolar plate body and is sequentially divided into a water inlet distribution area, an anode reaction area and a water outlet confluence area along the length direction of the bipolar plate body, wherein the water inlet channel is connected to a side of the water inlet distribution area away from the anode reaction area, the water outlet channel is connected to a side of the water outlet confluence area away from the anode reaction area, and the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are staggered in the length direction of the bipolar plate body;

[0008] The water inlet distribution area has a direct-connected diversion section that is connected to the water inlet channel in alignment, and a dislocated diversion section that is dislocated from the water inlet channel in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. A first diversion channel is formed in the direct-connected diversion section, and a second diversion channel is formed in the dislocated diversion section. The flow resistance of the first diversion channel is greater than that of the second diversion channel.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of first bosses distributed at intervals are provided in the shunt direct connection section, and the first shunt flow channel is formed between the plurality of first bosses, and the cross-sectional shape of the first boss is a rounded rectangle with the length direction being in the same direction as the width direction of the bipolar plate body, and a plurality of second bosses distributed at intervals are provided in the shunt staggered section, and the second shunt flow channel is formed between the plurality of second bosses, and the cross-sectional shape of the second boss is circular, the length of the cross-sectional shape of the first boss is greater than the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second boss, and the width of the cross-sectional shape of the first boss is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second boss, wherein the arrangement of the plurality of first bosses in the shunt direct connection section is consistent with the arrangement of the plurality of second bosses in the shunt staggered section.

[0010] Optionally, the water outlet confluence area has a confluence direct connection section that is connected to the water outlet channel in alignment and a confluence staggered section that is staggered with the water outlet channel in the length direction of the bipolar plate body, a first confluence channel is formed in the confluence direct connection section, a second confluence channel is formed in the confluence staggered section, and the flow resistance of the first confluence channel is greater than that of the second confluence channel.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of third bosses distributed at intervals are provided in the direct-connection section of the busbar, the first busbar flow channel is formed between the plurality of third bosses, the cross-sectional shape of the third bosses is a rounded rectangle with the length direction being in the same direction as the width direction of the bipolar plate body, a plurality of fourth bosses distributed at intervals are provided in the busbar staggered section, the second busbar flow channel is formed between the plurality of fourth bosses, the cross-sectional shape of the fourth bosses is circular, the length of the cross-sectional shape of the third bosses is greater than the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the fourth bosses, the width of the cross-sectional shape of the third bosses is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the fourth bosses, wherein the arrangement of the plurality of third bosses in the direct-connection section of the busbar is consistent with the arrangement of the plurality of fourth bosses in the busbar staggered section.

[0012] Optionally, the bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are both penetrated in the thickness direction and respectively connected to the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel, and the anode side of the bipolar plate body is also formed with a first sealing water line arranged around the edge of the first reaction tank, the edge of the water inlet and the edge of the water outlet.

[0013] Optionally, the bipolar plate body is also provided with a second reaction groove formed on the cathode side and arranged opposite to the first reaction groove, and a hydrogen outlet penetrating along the thickness direction, the first sealing waterline is also arranged around the edge of the hydrogen outlet, and the cathode side of the bipolar plate body is also formed with a second sealing waterline arranged around the edge of the second reaction groove and the edge of the hydrogen outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the bipolar plate further comprises a voltage measuring tab protruding from an edge of the bipolar plate body, and a thickness of the voltage measuring tab is smaller than a thickness of the bipolar plate body.

[0015] The present invention also provides a PEM electrolyzer, which comprises the bipolar plate mentioned above.

[0016] The present invention also provides a PEM fuel cell, which comprises the bipolar plate mentioned above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned PEM fuel cell.

[0018] Through the above technical scheme, in the bipolar plate of the present invention, on the one hand, the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are staggered in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. Such arrangement enables the pure water to have a flow velocity along the length direction of the bipolar plate body and a flow velocity along the width direction of the bipolar plate body, and increases the flow distance of the pure water in the anode reaction zone, which can effectively improve the flow uniformity of the pure water in the anode reaction zone; on the other hand, the water inlet distribution area has a shunt direct connection section connected to the water inlet channel and a shunt staggered section staggered with the water inlet channel in the length direction of the bipolar plate body, and a first shunt flow channel is formed in the shunt direct connection section, and the shunt staggered section is staggered with the water inlet channel in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. A second diversion flow channel is formed, and the flow resistance of the first diversion flow channel is greater than that of the second diversion flow channel. Such an arrangement can make the flow velocity of pure water in the diversion dislocation section greater than the flow velocity in the diversion direct connection section. The pure water input from the water inlet channel successively enters the diversion direct connection section and the diversion dislocation section. Due to the difference in flow velocity, the pure water in the diversion direct connection section and the diversion dislocation section can flow into the anode reaction zone simultaneously and evenly distributed, effectively further improving the flow uniformity of pure water in the anode reaction zone. The combination of the above two aspects can significantly improve the flow uniformity of pure water in the anode reaction zone, can significantly reduce the electrolysis impedance, and improve the electrolysis efficiency and performance.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] In the attached picture:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a bipolar plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anode side of the bipolar plate;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anode side of the bipolar plate after omitting the cover plate;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cathode side of the bipolar plate.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1 Water inlet channel

[0028] 2 Water outlet channel

[0029] 3. First reaction tank

[0030] 31 Inlet distribution area 311 Diversion direct connection section

[0031] 311a First convex column 312 Flow diversion dislocation section

[0032] 312a Second convex column 32 Anode reaction area

[0033] 33 Outlet confluence area 331 Confluence direct connection section

[0034] 331a Third convex column 332 Converging offset section

[0035] 332a Fourth boss

[0036] 4 Water Inlet

[0037] 5 Water outlet

[0038] 6 First sealing waterline

[0039] 7 Second reaction tank

[0040] 8 Hydrogen outlet

[0041] 9 Second sealing waterline

[0042] 10 Voltage measurement tab DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0045] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0046] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0047] The present invention first provides a bipolar plate.

[0048] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3 As shown, the bipolar plate includes a bipolar plate body, the bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet channel 1, a water outlet channel 2 and a first reaction tank 3, the first reaction tank 3 is formed on the anode side of the bipolar plate body and is sequentially divided into a water inlet distribution area 31, an anode reaction area 32 and a water outlet confluence area 33 along the length direction of the bipolar plate body, the water inlet channel 1 is connected to the side of the water inlet distribution area 31 away from the anode reaction area 32, the water outlet channel 2 is connected to the side of the water outlet confluence area 33 away from the anode reaction area 32, and the water inlet channel 1 and the water outlet channel 2 are staggered in the length direction of the bipolar plate body;

[0049] The water inlet distribution area 31 has a direct-connected diversion section 311 that is connected to the water inlet channel 1 in alignment, and a dislocated diversion section 312 that is dislocated from the water inlet channel 1 in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. A first diversion channel is formed in the direct-connected diversion section 311, and a second diversion channel is formed in the dislocated diversion section 312. The flow resistance of the first diversion channel is greater than that of the second diversion channel.

[0050] In the bipolar plate of the present invention, on the one hand, the water inlet channel 1 and the water outlet channel 2 are staggered in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. Such an arrangement enables the pure water to have a flow velocity along the length direction of the bipolar plate body and a flow velocity along the width direction of the bipolar plate body, and increases the flow distance of the pure water in the anode reaction zone 32, which can effectively improve the flow uniformity of the pure water in the anode reaction zone 32.

[0051] On the other hand, the water inlet distribution area 31 has a direct-flow shunt section 311 connected to the water inlet channel 1 and a shunt dislocation section 312 displaced from the water inlet channel 1 in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. A first shunt flow channel is formed in the direct-flow shunt section 311, and a second shunt flow channel is formed in the shunt dislocation section 312. The flow resistance of the first shunt flow channel is greater than that of the second shunt flow channel. In this way, the pure water flows in the water inlet distribution area through the shunt effect of the first shunt flow channel and the second shunt flow channel. 31, and the flow velocity of pure water in the diversion dislocation section 312 is greater than the flow velocity in the diversion direct connection section 311, and the pure water input from the water inlet channel successively enters the diversion direct connection section 311 and the diversion dislocation section 312, and due to the difference in flow velocity, the pure water in the diversion direct connection section 311 and the diversion dislocation section 312 can flow into the anode reaction zone 32 simultaneously and evenly, which effectively further improves the flow uniformity of pure water in the anode reaction zone 32.

[0052] The combination of the above two aspects can significantly improve the flow uniformity of pure water in the anode reaction zone 32, significantly reduce the electrolysis impedance, and improve the electrolysis efficiency and performance.

[0053] Specifically, a plurality of convex strips extending along the length direction of the bipolar plate body and arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the bipolar plate body are provided in the anode reaction area 32, and a reaction channel is formed between the plurality of convex strips. In actual application, the bipolar plate body is also provided with a water inlet connected to the water inlet channel 1 and a water outlet connected to the water outlet channel 2. During the electrolysis process, pure water enters the water inlet channel 1 from the water inlet, flows through the water inlet channel 1, and then enters the anode reaction area 32 through the water inlet distribution area 31. In the anode reaction area 32, the pure water is electrolyzed to generate oxygen. Then, the oxygen and liquid water enter the water outlet confluence area 33 together and flow out from the water outlet through the water outlet channel 2.

[0054] Specifically, the area ratio between the water inlet distribution area 31 and the anode reaction area 32 is 0.08 to 0.12.

[0055] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3As shown, a plurality of first bosses 311a distributed at intervals are provided in the shunt direct connection section 311, a first shunt flow channel is formed between the plurality of first bosses 311a, a cross-sectional shape of the first boss 311a is a rounded rectangle with a length direction in the same direction as a width direction of the bipolar plate body, a plurality of second bosses 312a distributed at intervals are provided in the shunt dislocation section 312, a second shunt flow channel is formed between the plurality of second bosses 312a, a cross-sectional shape of the second boss 312a is circular, a length of the cross-sectional shape of the first boss 311a is greater than a diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second boss 312a, a width of the cross-sectional shape of the first boss 311a is greater than or equal to a diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second boss 312a, wherein the arrangement of the plurality of first bosses 311a in the shunt direct connection section 311 is consistent with the arrangement of the plurality of second bosses 312a in the shunt dislocation section 312.

[0056] It can be understood that the length of the cross-section of the first boss 311a is greater than the diameter of the cross-section of the second boss 312a, and the width of the cross-section of the first boss 311a is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cross-section of the second boss 312a. This arrangement makes the flow area of ​​the first diversion channel formed between the multiple first bosses 311a smaller than the flow area of ​​the second diversion channel formed between the multiple second bosses 312a, thereby achieving that the flow resistance of the first diversion channel is greater than that of the second diversion channel.

[0057] Specifically, a plurality of first bosses 311a may be staggered along the width direction and the length direction of the bipolar plate body, respectively. The number of the first bosses 311a may be selected as 36. The cross-sectional width of the first boss 311a may be 3 to 4 mm, and the length may be 5 to 6 mm. In the width direction or the length direction of the bipolar plate body, the spacing between two adjacent first bosses 311a may be 8 to 10 mm. A plurality of second bosses 312a may be staggered along the width direction and the length direction of the bipolar plate body, respectively. The number of the second bosses 312a may be selected as 20. The radius of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second boss 312a is 1.5 to 2 mm. In the width direction or the length direction of the bipolar plate body, the spacing between two adjacent second bosses 312a may be 10 to 15 mm. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second boss 312a to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first boss 311a is 0.2 to 0.3.

[0058] Of course, in some other embodiments, the first boss 311a and the second boss 312a may also adopt other shapes. For example, the first boss 311a may be set to have a cross-sectional shape of an ellipse whose length direction is in the same direction as the width direction of the bipolar plate body, and the second boss 312a may be set to have a cross-sectional shape of a rounded square.

[0059] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3As shown, the water outlet confluence area 33 has a confluence direct connection section 331 which is connected to the water outlet channel 2 in alignment and a confluence offset section 332 which is offset from the water outlet channel 2 in the length direction of the bipolar plate body. A first confluence flow channel is formed in the confluence direct connection section 331, and a second confluence flow channel is formed in the confluence offset section 332. The flow resistance of the first confluence flow channel is greater than that of the second confluence flow channel.

[0060] With such arrangement, the oxygen and liquid water coming out of the anode reaction zone 32 can be quickly converged in the water outlet convergence zone 33 through the converging effect of the first converging flow channel and the second converging flow channel, and the flow velocity of the oxygen and liquid water in the converging offset section 332 is greater than the flow velocity in the converging direct section 331, so that the oxygen and liquid water in the water outlet converging zone 33 can be more evenly converged to the water outlet channel 2, thereby avoiding the uneven outflow velocity of the oxygen and liquid water in the converging direct section 331 and the converging offset section 332, which leads to the uniformity of the flow of pure water in the anode reaction zone 32.

[0061] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of third bosses 331a are provided in the converging direct-connection section 331, a first converging flow channel is formed between the plurality of third bosses 331a, a cross-sectional shape of the third boss 331a is a rounded rectangle whose length direction is in the same direction as the width direction of the bipolar plate body, a plurality of fourth bosses 332a are provided in the converging staggered section 332, a second converging flow channel is formed between the plurality of fourth bosses 332a, a cross-sectional shape of the fourth boss 332a is circular, a length of the cross-sectional shape of the third boss 331a is greater than a diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the fourth boss 332a, a width of the cross-sectional shape of the third boss 331a is greater than or equal to a diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the fourth boss 332a, wherein the arrangement of the plurality of third bosses 331a in the converging direct-connection section 331 is consistent with the arrangement of the plurality of fourth bosses 332a in the converging staggered section 332.

[0062] It can be understood that the length of the cross-section of the third boss 331a is greater than the diameter of the cross-section of the fourth boss 332a, and the width of the cross-section of the third boss 331a is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cross-section of the fourth boss 332a. This arrangement makes the flow area of ​​the first diversion channel formed between the multiple third bosses 331a smaller than the flow area of ​​the second diversion channel formed between the multiple fourth bosses 332a, thereby achieving a flow resistance of the first confluence channel greater than that of the second confluence channel.

[0063] Specifically, a plurality of third bosses 331a may be staggered along the width direction and the length direction of the bipolar plate body, respectively; the number of the third bosses 331a may be selected as 36; the cross-sectional width of the third boss 331a may be 3 to 4 mm, and the length may be 5 to 6 mm; in the width direction or the length direction of the bipolar plate body, the spacing between two adjacent third bosses 331a may be 8 to 10 mm; a plurality of fourth bosses 332a may be staggered along the width direction and the length direction of the bipolar plate body, respectively; the number of the fourth bosses 332a may be selected as 20; the radius of the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth boss 332a is 1.5 to 2 mm; in the width direction or the length direction of the bipolar plate body, the spacing between two adjacent fourth bosses 332a may be 10 to 15 mm; the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth boss 332a to the cross-sectional area of ​​the third boss 331a is 0.2 to 0.3.

[0064] Of course, in some other embodiments, the third boss 331a and the fourth boss 332a may also adopt other shapes. For example, the third boss 331a may be set to have a cross-sectional shape of an ellipse whose length direction is in the same direction as the width direction of the bipolar plate body, and the fourth boss 332a may be set to have a cross-sectional shape of a rounded square.

[0065] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3 As shown, the bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet 4 and a water outlet 5 which are both penetrated in the thickness direction and respectively connected to the water inlet channel 1 and the water outlet channel 2, and the anode side of the bipolar plate body is also formed with a first sealing water line 6 arranged around the edge of the first reaction tank 3, the edge of the water inlet 4 and the edge of the water outlet 5. Such an arrangement can effectively improve the sealing performance of the anode side of the bipolar plate body.

[0066] Specifically, the bipolar plate may further include a water inlet cover plate and a water outlet cover plate. The anode side of the bipolar plate body is concavely provided with a water inlet groove and a water outlet groove. The water inlet cover plate can be welded to cover the notch of the water inlet groove to form a water inlet channel 1 with the water inlet groove. The water outlet cover plate can be welded to cover the notch of the water outlet groove to form a water outlet channel 2 with the water outlet groove. Such an arrangement effectively reduces the difficulty of making the water inlet channel 1 and the water outlet channel 2. In addition, the surfaces of the water inlet cover plate and the water outlet cover plate facing away from the water inlet groove and the water outlet groove, respectively, are provided with a portion of the first sealing water line 6.

[0067] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 4As shown, the bipolar plate body is further provided with a second reaction groove 7 formed on the cathode side and arranged in alignment with the first reaction groove 3 and a hydrogen outlet 8 penetrating in the thickness direction, the first sealing waterline 6 is further arranged around the edge of the hydrogen outlet 8, and the cathode side of the bipolar plate body is further formed with a second sealing waterline 9 arranged around the edge of the second reaction groove 7 and the edge of the hydrogen outlet 8. Such an arrangement effectively improves the sealing performance of the cathode side of the bipolar plate.

[0068] In this embodiment, the second reaction tank 7 is divided into a first hydrogen confluence area, a cathode reaction area and a second hydrogen confluence area along the length direction of the bipolar plate. The bipolar plate body is provided with two hydrogen outflow channels, which are respectively connected to the first hydrogen confluence area and the second hydrogen confluence area on the side away from the cathode reaction area, and are staggered along the length direction of the bipolar plate. The bipolar plate body is provided with two hydrogen outlets 8, which are respectively connected to the two hydrogen outflow channels. During the electrolysis process, the hydrogen generated by the cathode reaction area is respectively converged to the two hydrogen outflow channels through the convergence effect of the first hydrogen confluence area and the second hydrogen confluence area, and flows out from the two hydrogen outlets 8 through the two hydrogen outflow channels.

[0069] Specifically, the bipolar plate may also include two hydrogen outlet cover plates, and two hydrogen outlet grooves are concavely provided on the cathode side of the bipolar plate body. The two hydrogen outlet cover plates can be respectively covered at the notches of the two hydrogen outlet grooves by welding to respectively form two hydrogen outlet channels with the two hydrogen outlet grooves. Such an arrangement effectively reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the hydrogen outlet channels. In addition, the surfaces of the two hydrogen outlet cover plates facing away from the hydrogen outlet grooves are respectively provided with a portion of the second sealing waterline 9.

[0070] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 As shown, the bipolar plate further includes a voltage measuring tab 10 protruding from the edge of the bipolar plate body, and the thickness of the voltage measuring tab 10 is less than the thickness of the bipolar plate body. In this way, in actual application, the operator can use a multimeter or other measuring tool to measure the voltage of a single electrolytic cell where the bipolar plate is located, thereby improving the convenience of voltage measurement.

[0071] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 As shown, the bipolar plate includes two voltage measuring tabs 10, the bipolar plate body is in the shape of a rectangular plate and any two diagonally opposite corners are formed as notches, and the two voltage measuring tabs 10 are respectively arranged in the two notches. In this arrangement, the voltage of a single electrolytic cell where the bipolar plate is located can be measured by any one of the two voltage measuring tabs 10, further improving the convenience of voltage measurement. In addition, the voltage measuring tab 10 is arranged in the corner notches of the bipolar plate body, so that the edge of the entire bipolar plate can be relatively flat.

[0072] The present invention also provides a PEM electrolyzer, which includes the bipolar plate mentioned above. Obviously, the PEM electrolyzer also has the beneficial effects of the bipolar plate mentioned above.

[0073] The present invention also provides a PEM fuel cell, which includes the above-mentioned bipolar plate. Obviously, the PEM fuel cell also has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned bipolar plate.

[0074] The present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned PEM fuel cell.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0076] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bipolar plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bipolar plate body, wherein the bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet channel (1), a water outlet channel (2) and a first reaction groove (3), wherein the first reaction groove (3) is formed on the anode side of the bipolar plate body and is sequentially divided into a water inlet distribution area (31), an anode reaction area (32) and a water outlet confluence area (33) along the length direction of the bipolar plate body, wherein the water inlet channel (1) is connected to a side of the water inlet distribution area (31) away from the anode reaction area (32), and the water outlet channel (2) is connected to a side of the water outlet confluence area (33) away from the anode reaction area (32), and the water inlet channel (1) and the water outlet channel (2) are staggeredly arranged in the length direction of the bipolar plate body; The water inlet distribution area (31) comprises a direct-flow shunt section (311) connected in position with the water inlet channel (1) and a dislocated-flow shunt section (312) dislocated with the water inlet channel (1) in the length direction of the bipolar plate body, a first shunt flow channel is formed in the direct-flow shunt section (311), a second shunt flow channel is formed in the dislocated-flow shunt section (312), and the flow resistance of the first shunt flow channel is greater than that of the second shunt flow channel.

2. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shunt direct connection section (311) is provided with a plurality of first convex columns (311a) distributed at intervals, and the first shunt flow channel is formed between the plurality of first convex columns (311a); the cross-sectional shape of the first convex column (311a) is a rounded rectangle with a length direction in the same direction as a width direction of the bipolar plate body; the shunt offset section (312) is provided with a plurality of second convex columns (312a) distributed at intervals, and the second shunt flow channel is formed between the plurality of second convex columns (312a); the cross-sectional shape of the second convex column (312a) is circular; the length of the cross-sectional shape of the first convex column (311a) is greater than the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second convex column (312a); the width of the cross-sectional shape of the first convex column (311a) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second convex column (312a); wherein the arrangement of the plurality of first convex columns (311a) in the shunt direct connection section (311) is consistent with the arrangement of the plurality of second convex columns (312a) in the shunt offset section (312).

3. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet confluence area (33) comprises a confluence direct connection section (331) which is in aligning communication with the water outlet channel (2) and a confluence offset section (332) which is offset from the water outlet channel (2) in the length direction of the bipolar plate body, a first confluence flow channel is formed in the confluence direct connection section (331), a second confluence flow channel is formed in the confluence offset section (332), and the flow resistance of the first confluence flow channel is greater than that of the second confluence flow channel.

4. The bipolar plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The converging direct connection section (331) is provided with a plurality of third convex columns (331a) distributed at intervals, the first converging flow channel is formed between the plurality of third convex columns (331a), the cross-sectional shape of the third convex columns (331a) is a rounded rectangle with the length direction being in the same direction as the width direction of the bipolar plate body, the converging staggered section (332) is provided with a plurality of fourth convex columns (332a) distributed at intervals, the second converging flow channel is formed between the plurality of fourth convex columns (332a), the fourth convex columns (332a) The cross-sectional shape of (332a) is circular, the length of the cross-sectional shape of the third boss (331a) is greater than the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the fourth boss (332a), and the width of the cross-sectional shape of the third boss (331a) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the fourth boss (332a), wherein the arrangement of the plurality of third bosses (331a) in the busbar direct connection section (331) is consistent with the arrangement of the plurality of fourth bosses (332a) in the busbar offset section (332).

5. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bipolar plate body is provided with a water inlet (4) and a water outlet (5) which are both penetrated in the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the water inlet channel (1) and the water outlet channel (2); the anode side of the bipolar plate body is also formed with a first sealing water line (6) arranged around the edge of the first reaction tank (3), the edge of the water inlet (4) and the edge of the water outlet (5).

6. The bipolar plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bipolar plate body is also provided with a second reaction groove (7) formed on the cathode side and arranged in alignment with the first reaction groove (3) and a hydrogen outlet (8) penetrating in the thickness direction; the first sealing waterline (6) is also arranged around the edge of the hydrogen outlet (8); and the cathode side of the bipolar plate body is also formed with a second sealing waterline (9) arranged around the edge of the second reaction groove (7) and the edge of the hydrogen outlet (8).

7. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bipolar plate further comprises a voltage measuring tab (10) protruding from the edge of the bipolar plate body, and the thickness of the voltage measuring tab (10) is smaller than the thickness of the bipolar plate body.

8. A PEM electrolyzer, characterized in that: The PEM electrolyser comprises a bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A PEM fuel cell, characterized in that: The PEM fuel cell comprises a bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that: The new energy vehicle comprises the PEM fuel cell according to claim 9.

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