Distributed new energy storage system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, and discloses a distributed new energy storage system, which comprises a distributed energy storage module, a central control module and a communication module, the distributed energy storage module comprises a storage battery, a battery management unit and a control unit; the distributed energy storage modules are deployed at different positions of a power grid; the distributed energy storage module is used for storing and releasing electric energy; the central control module comprises a data processing unit, a prediction unit and a scheduling unit; the central control module is used for monitoring the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module in real time and controlling the working state of the distributed energy storage module according to the pre-collected power grid load and the power generation amount of the new energy power generation device; and the communication module is used for constructing a communication link between the distributed energy storage module and the central control module. According to the invention, the ability of the power grid to deal with sudden load change is enhanced, the efficiency and flexibility of new energy power generation are effectively improved, and the permeability of renewable energy and the overall operation efficiency of the power grid are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a distributed new energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] Under the current global energy transformation and environmental protection background, the widespread application of new energy (such as solar energy and wind energy) has become an important way to alleviate the energy crisis and reduce carbon emissions. However, the intermittent and unstable nature of new energy generation poses a challenge to the stable operation of the power grid. Traditional energy storage technologies often have problems such as high cost, low efficiency, and lack of flexibility when dealing with this problem. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a distributed new energy energy storage system, which can effectively improve the efficiency and flexibility of new energy power generation, enhance the ability of the power grid to cope with sudden load changes, and improve the penetration rate of renewable energy and the overall operating efficiency of the power grid.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a distributed new energy storage system, including: a distributed energy storage module, a central control module and a communication module;

[0005] The distributed energy storage module includes a battery, a battery management unit and a control unit;

[0006] The distributed energy storage modules are deployed at different locations of the power grid; the distributed energy storage modules are used to store and release electrical energy;

[0007] The central control module includes a data processing unit, a prediction unit and a scheduling unit;

[0008] The central control module is used to monitor the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module in real time, and control the working state of the distributed energy storage module according to the pre-collected power grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device; wherein the working state of the distributed energy storage module includes electric energy storage and electric energy release, and the new energy power generation device includes a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device;

[0009] The communication module is used to establish a communication link between the distributed energy storage module and the central control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery is used to store electrical energy; the battery management unit is used to monitor the voltage parameters, current parameters and temperature parameters of the battery; the control unit is used to receive instructions from the central control module and control the working state of the battery according to the instructions.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery management unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage processing circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and an inverter;

[0012] The control unit includes a microprocessor;

[0013] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery; the current acquisition circuit is used to detect the current of the battery; the temperature acquisition circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery;

[0014] The output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the current acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the temperature acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0015] The input end of the voltage processing circuit is connected to the new energy power generation device; the output end of the voltage processing circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the charging circuit; the output end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the battery; the control end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the battery is electrically connected to the input end of the discharge circuit; the output end of the discharge circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the inverter; the control end of the discharge circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the inverter is connected to the power grid; and the control end of the inverter is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0016] Furthermore, the charging circuit includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor;

[0017] The first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage processing circuit;

[0018] The control end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0019] The second end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode;

[0020] The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the second capacitor;

[0021] The second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded;

[0022] The first end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode;

[0023] The control end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0024] The second end of the second switch tube is grounded;

[0025] The first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube;

[0026] The second end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the battery;

[0027] The positive electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor;

[0028] A negative electrode of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0029] Furthermore, the discharge circuit includes a second inductor, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a second diode and a third capacitor;

[0030] The first end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the battery;

[0031] The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube;

[0032] The control end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0033] The second end of the third switch tube is grounded;

[0034] The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube;

[0035] The cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third capacitor;

[0036] Connecting the second end of the third capacitor to ground;

[0037] The first end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode;

[0038] The second end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the input end of the inverter, and the control end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0039] Furthermore, the battery management unit further includes: a balancing management circuit;

[0040] The storage battery comprises a first battery, a second battery and a third battery;

[0041] The balancing management circuit includes a first variable resistor, a second variable resistor, a third variable resistor, a first voltage stabilizer, a second voltage stabilizer, a third voltage stabilizer, a first triode, a second triode and a third triode;

[0042] The first battery, the second battery and the third battery are electrically connected in series in the same phase;

[0043] The first end of the first variable resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the first battery; the second end of the first variable resistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first battery; the sliding end of the first variable resistor is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the first voltage regulator; the cathode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the first end of the first variable resistor; the anode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; the base of the first triode is electrically connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator; the emitter of the first triode is electrically connected to the first end of the first variable resistor; and the collector of the first triode is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor;

[0044] The first end of the second variable resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; the second end of the second variable resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second battery; the sliding end of the second variable resistor is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the second voltage regulator; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; the anode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the base of the second triode; the emitter of the second triode is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor, and the collector of the second triode is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor;

[0045] The first end of the third variable resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; the second end of the third variable resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the third battery; the cathode of the third battery is grounded; the sliding end of the third variable resistor is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the third regulator; the cathode of the third regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; the anode of the third regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the third variable resistor; the cathode of the third regulator is electrically connected to the base of the third triode; the emitter of the third triode is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; and the collector of the third triode is electrically connected to the second end of the third variable resistor.

[0046] Further, the data processing unit is used to monitor the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module, and generate target data by processing the pre-collected grid load and the state parameters;

[0047] The prediction unit is used to predict the power grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data;

[0048] The scheduling unit is used to generate a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module based on the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period.

[0049] Further, the predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0050] Based on the target data, predicting the grid load in a preset first time period by using a first formula;

[0051] The first formula is specifically:

[0052]

[0053] Where, L t is the predicted value of grid load at time t; L h，t is the grid load at the same period in history at time t; r is the average annual growth rate of grid load; n is the number of years from the same period in history to the forecast time t; m is the number of factors affecting grid load; α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th factor affecting the power grid load; F i，t is the quantitative value of the i-th factor affecting the grid load at time t.

[0054] Further, the predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0055] Based on the target data, predicting the power generation of the solar power generation device in a preset first time period by using a second formula;

[0056] The second formula is specifically:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, E s，t is the time interval [t 1 , t 2 ] is the predicted value of the power generation of the solar power generation device; t is the solar radiation intensity at time t; A is the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; μ is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; k t is the comprehensive solar energy correction coefficient at time t.

[0059] Further, the predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0060] Based on the target data, predicting the power generation of the wind power generation device in a preset first time period by using a third formula;

[0061] The third formula is specifically:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, E w , t Expressed as a time interval [t 1 , t 2] is the predicted value of the power generation of the wind power generation device; ρ is the density of air; A w is the swept area of ​​the wind turbine; v is the wind speed; C p k is the wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind power generation device; w , t is the comprehensive wind energy correction coefficient at time t.

[0064] The present invention provides a distributed new energy storage system, which is based on the organic combination of modules. By cleverly deploying distributed energy storage modules in various parts of the power grid, the impact of the intermittent and uncertain nature of new energy power generation on the power grid is effectively alleviated; through the real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation capabilities of the central control module, the power grid load dynamics and new energy power generation conditions are accurately grasped, and the charging and discharging operations of the distributed energy storage modules are dispatched in a timely manner, which not only ensures the stability of power supply, but also promotes the maximum utilization of new energy; and through the efficient communication module, the immediacy and accuracy of information transmission are ensured, providing solid support for the coordinated operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention;

[0070] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may also be decomposed, combined or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0073] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0074] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention, the system comprising: a distributed energy storage module 101, a central control module 102 and a communication module 103;

[0075] The distributed energy storage module 101 includes a battery 201, a battery management unit 202 and a control unit 203;

[0076] The distributed energy storage module 101 is deployed at different locations of the power grid; the distributed energy storage module 101 is used to store and release electrical energy;

[0077] The central control module 102 includes a data processing unit 301, a prediction unit 302 and a scheduling unit 303;

[0078] The central control module 102 is used to monitor the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module 101 in real time, and control the working state of the distributed energy storage module 101 according to the pre-collected grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device; wherein the working state of the distributed energy storage module 101 includes electric energy storage and electric energy release, and the new energy power generation device includes a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device;

[0079] The communication module 103 is used to establish a communication link between the distributed energy storage module 101 and the central control module 102 .

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the distributed energy storage module 101 is deployed at various locations of the power grid to achieve storage and release of electric energy. When there is excess power generation from new energy sources, that is, when the power generated by wind power generation devices and solar power generation devices exceeds the load demand of the power grid at that time, the distributed energy storage module 101 can store the excess power. When the load of the power grid increases and the power generation from new energy sources is insufficient, the distributed energy storage module 101 can release the previously stored power and supplement it to the power grid to maintain the stable operation of the power grid.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present invention, the central control module 102 is connected to the distributed energy storage modules 101 distributed throughout the power grid through the communication module 103. The central control distributed energy storage module 101 can collect and monitor the state parameters of each distributed energy storage module 101 in real time, and the state parameters include but are not limited to the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the energy storage unit. At the same time, the central control module 102 can also obtain real-time data of the power grid load and the power generation information of the new energy power generation device. Among them, the new energy power generation device includes a wind power generation device and a solar power generation device. Based on these comprehensive data, the central control module 102 can accurately judge the supply and demand balance of the current power grid. When the power grid load is low and the new energy power generation is high, the central control module 102 issues instructions to allow the distributed energy storage module 101 to enter the power storage state to make full use of the excess power. On the contrary, when the power grid load is high and the new energy power generation cannot meet the demand, the central control module 102 commands the distributed energy storage module 101 to release the stored power to ensure the stable power supply of the power grid.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present invention, the communication module 103 can ensure that data and instructions can be exchanged in real time, accurately and efficiently between the central control module 102 and the distributed energy storage module 101. Through the communication module 103, the central control module 102 can quickly convey the control instructions to each distributed energy storage module 101, and the distributed energy storage module 101 can also timely feedback its own status information to the central control module 102, thereby realizing the coordinated operation of the entire system.

[0083] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, distributed energy storage modules 101 can be respectively set at multiple key nodes of the power grid, such as areas near large wind farms, suburbs with rich solar energy resources, and near urban power load centers. These distributed energy storage modules 101 use advanced lithium-ion battery technology and have efficient power storage and release capabilities. In the control center of the power grid, a central control module 102 is provided. Through the high-speed and stable communication network provided by the communication module 103, the central control module 102 maintains real-time connection with the distributed energy storage modules 101 distributed in various places. At noon when the sun is strong, the solar power generation device generates electricity at full capacity, and the wind farm is also in an efficient operating state. At this time, the data received by the central control module 102 shows that the power grid load is relatively low and the new energy generation is in excess. Therefore, the central control module 102 issues instructions to the distributed energy storage modules 101 near the wind farm and solar power generation areas to start storing electricity. These distributed energy storage modules 101 respond quickly and convert the excess electricity into chemical energy for storage. As time goes by, in the evening, the residential and industrial electricity load gradually increases, while solar power generation gradually weakens, and the power generation of wind farms also decreases. The central control module 102 determines that the power supply is insufficient through real-time monitoring of the grid load and new energy power generation data. At this time, the central control module 102 issues an instruction to release power to the distributed energy storage module 101 located near the urban load center. The distributed energy storage module 101 immediately releases the stored power and replenishes it to the grid, ensuring a stable supply of electricity.

[0084] The present invention effectively alleviates the impact of the intermittent and uncertain nature of renewable energy generation on the power grid by cleverly deploying distributed energy storage modules throughout the power grid. The central control module accurately grasps the load dynamics of the power grid and the power generation of renewable energy through real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation capabilities, and timely dispatches the charging and discharging operations of the energy storage unit, which not only ensures the stability of power supply, but also promotes the maximum utilization of renewable energy. In addition, the efficient communication module ensures the immediacy and accuracy of information transmission, providing solid support for the coordinated operation of the system. This not only enhances the ability of the power grid to cope with sudden load changes, but also improves the penetration rate of renewable energy and the overall operating efficiency of the power grid.

[0085] Further, in the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. The distributed energy storage module 101 includes a storage battery 201 , a battery management unit 202 and a control unit 203 .

[0086] The battery 201 is used to store electrical energy; the battery management unit 202 is used to monitor the voltage parameters, current parameters and temperature parameters of the battery; the control unit 203 is used to receive instructions from the central control module 102 and control the working state of the battery 201 according to the instructions.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present invention, the storage battery 201 can convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage, and the battery management unit 202 can detect the voltage parameters, current parameters and temperature parameters of the storage battery 201 in real time, so as to understand the charging state and output capacity of the storage battery 201, the charging and discharging rate and power of the storage battery 201, and the performance and safety of the storage battery 201 in real time. The battery management unit 202 intelligently controls the working state of the distributed energy storage module 101 based on these parameters monitored in real time, combined with the power grid load and the power generation information of the new energy power generation device. When the power generation of new energy is in excess and the power grid load is low, the storage battery 201 is controlled to enter the charging state to store excess electric energy; and when the power grid load increases and the power generation of new energy is insufficient, the storage battery 201 is controlled to discharge to supplement the power grid. The control unit 203 is used to receive instructions from the central control module 102. The control unit 203 accurately adjusts the working state of the storage battery 201 according to the received instructions, such as adjusting the charging or discharging rate, starting or stopping the charging and discharging process, etc., to respond to changes in the demand of the power grid.

[0088] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, when the battery management unit 202 detects that the voltage of the battery 201 is low, the current is moderate, and the temperature is normal, and at this time the grid load is large and the power generation of new energy is insufficient, the central control module 102 can pass this information to the control unit 203. After receiving the accelerated discharge instruction sent by the central control module 102, the control unit 203 controls the battery 201 to increase the discharge rate and increase the power output to the grid. On the contrary, if the battery management unit 202 detects that the parameters of the battery 201 are good, but the power generation of the new energy power generation device is excessive and the grid load is small, the control unit 203 will, according to the instruction of the central control module 102, let the battery 201 reduce the discharge rate or enter the charging state, so as to make full use of the excess power for storage.

[0089] The present invention integrates batteries, battery management units and control units, which not only realizes efficient storage of electric energy, but also gives distributed energy storage modules the ability to monitor and control autonomously. The battery management unit monitors the status of the battery in real time, and intelligently adjusts the working status of the distributed energy storage module in combination with the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device, which not only protects the battery from damage caused by overcharging and over-discharging, but also optimizes energy utilization. The control unit actively responds to the instructions of the central control module to ensure that the entire system works in a coordinated and efficient manner.

[0090] Further, in the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention. The battery management unit 202 includes a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage processing circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and an inverter;

[0091] The control unit 203 includes a microprocessor;

[0092] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery; the current acquisition circuit is used to detect the current of the battery; the temperature acquisition circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery;

[0093] The output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the current acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the temperature acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0094] The input end of the voltage processing circuit is connected to the new energy power generation device; the output end of the voltage processing circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the charging circuit; the output end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the battery; the control end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the battery is electrically connected to the input end of the discharge circuit; the output end of the discharge circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the inverter; the control end of the discharge circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the inverter is connected to the power grid; and the control end of the inverter is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0095] In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition circuit continuously detects the voltage of the battery and transmits the collected voltage data to the microprocessor in real time. The current acquisition circuit is responsible for detecting the current of the battery and also transmits the current data to the microprocessor. The temperature acquisition circuit monitors the temperature of the battery and provides the temperature data to the microprocessor.

[0096] When there is new energy input, the voltage processing circuit processes the input new energy voltage to make it reach a voltage level suitable for charging the battery. The microprocessor decides whether to charge the battery by controlling the on and off of the charging circuit according to the current state of the battery (such as voltage, current, temperature, load of the power grid and power generation of new energy, etc.). If charging is required, the charging circuit can transmit the electric energy processed by the voltage processing circuit to the battery to achieve electric energy storage. When the battery needs to discharge to the power grid, the discharge circuit obtains electric energy from the battery and transmits it to the inverter. The inverter converts the DC power output by the battery into AC power and then transmits it to the power grid. The microprocessor adjusts the power and timing of discharge by controlling the working state of the inverter.

[0097] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, when the microprocessor finds through the voltage acquisition circuit that the voltage of the battery 201 is low, and the temperature and current are within the safe range, and the grid load is large and the power generation of new energy is insufficient, the microprocessor will control the charging circuit to close, stop charging, and control the discharge circuit and inverter to start, so that the battery discharges to the grid to supplement the power demand of the grid. On the contrary, if the voltage, current and temperature data received by the microprocessor indicate that the battery 201 is full or nearly full, and the grid load is small, and the power generation of new energy is excessive, it will control the charging circuit to start, charge the battery 201, and control the discharge circuit and inverter to close, suspending the discharge of the battery 201.

[0098] Through the coordinated work of the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit, the voltage processing circuit, the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, the inverter and the microprocessor, the battery management unit of the present invention can accurately manage the charging and discharging process of the battery, ensure the safe operation and efficient utilization of the battery, and effectively respond to changes in the demand of the power grid.

[0099] Further, in the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4 , is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention.

[0100] in, Figure 4 The charging circuit includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first inductor L1;

[0101] A first end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected to an output end of the voltage processing circuit;

[0102] The control end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0103] The second end of the first switch tube Q1 is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode D1;

[0104] The cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2;

[0105] The negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0106] The first end of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D1;

[0107] The control end of the second switch tube Q2 is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0108] The second end of the second switch tube Q2 is grounded;

[0109] The first end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube Q2;

[0110] The second end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the battery B1;

[0111] The positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor L1;

[0112] A negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0113] In this embodiment, when the battery B1 needs to be charged, the microprocessor first sends a high-level signal to the control end of the first switch tube Q1 to turn on the first switch tube Q1. At this time, the charging voltage output by the voltage processing circuit passes through the first switch tube Q1 and the first diode D1, and is filtered by the second capacitor C2 to prepare to charge the battery B1. At the same time, the microprocessor sends a PWM control signal to the control end of the second switch tube Q2. The PWM signal controls the on-time of the second switch tube Q2 by changing its duty cycle (i.e., the ratio of the high-level time to the total cycle time). When the second switch tube Q2 is turned off, the charging current flows to the battery B1 through the first inductor L1, and the first inductor L1 stores electric energy. When the second switch tube Q2 is turned on, the first inductor L1 releases the stored electric energy and continues to charge the battery B1 to form a smooth charging current. The microprocessor dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal according to the real-time feedback of the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit, thereby realizing precise control of the charging power of the battery B1. For example, when the battery B1 is nearly fully charged or the temperature is too high, the duty cycle is reduced to reduce the charging power; when the battery B1 is low in power and the temperature is appropriate, the duty cycle is increased to improve the charging efficiency.

[0114] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, if it is detected that the battery voltage is low and needs to be charged quickly, the microprocessor will increase the duty cycle of the PWM control signal to prolong the conduction time of the second switch tube, thereby increasing the charging power and speeding up the charging speed. Conversely, if it is detected that the battery is nearly full or the temperature is too high, in order to avoid overcharging and overheating, the microprocessor will reduce the duty cycle of the PWM control signal, reduce the charging power, or even suspend charging.

[0115] The present invention monitors the voltage, current and temperature of the battery in real time, so that the microprocessor can timely detect and handle abnormal conditions, such as overcharging, overcurrent, overheating, etc., and protect the safety of the battery and the entire charging system by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal or shutting down the charging circuit. The charging circuit of the present invention can dynamically adjust the charging power according to the real-time status of the battery under the precise control of the microprocessor, thereby realizing a safe, efficient and intelligent charging process.

[0116] in, Figure 4The discharge circuit includes a second inductor, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a second diode and a third capacitor;

[0117] The first end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the battery;

[0118] The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube;

[0119] The control end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0120] The second end of the third switch tube is grounded;

[0121] The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube;

[0122] The cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third capacitor;

[0123] Connecting the second end of the third capacitor to ground;

[0124] The first end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode;

[0125] The second end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the input end of the inverter, and the control end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the battery B1 needs to be discharged, the microprocessor first plays a control role and sends a low-level signal to the control end of the fourth switch tube Q4, so that the fourth switch tube Q4 is turned on, thereby providing a path for the discharge current. At the same time, the microprocessor sends a PWM control signal to the control end of the third switch tube Q3. At this time, the second inductor L2, the third switch tube Q3, the second diode D2 and the third capacitor C3 together constitute a boost circuit. During the conduction period of the third switch tube Q3, the battery B1 charges the second inductor L2 to store energy. When the third switch tube Q3 is turned off, the current in the second inductor L2 cannot change suddenly, and the induced electromotive force generated by it is superimposed on the battery voltage, and the third capacitor C3 is charged through the second diode D2, thereby achieving the effect of boosting. The voltage after the boosting process is sent to the input end of the inverter. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM control signal at the control end of the third switch tube Q3, the ratio of the on time and the off time of the third switch tube Q3 can be adjusted. When the duty cycle increases, the conduction time of the third switch tube Q3 becomes relatively longer, the charging time of the second inductor L2 increases, more energy is stored, the boost effect is more obvious, and the voltage output to the input end of the inverter will increase. Conversely, when the duty cycle decreases, the voltage output to the input end of the inverter will decrease.

[0127] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, if the grid load is large and the battery B1 needs to provide more power, the microprocessor will increase the duty cycle of the PWM control signal, increase the output voltage, and increase the discharge power. When the grid load is small, the microprocessor will reduce the duty cycle and reduce the discharge power.

[0128] The microprocessor of the present invention can flexibly adjust the duty cycle of the PWM control signal according to the demand of the power grid and the state of the battery, and accurately control the voltage added to the input end of the inverter, thereby realizing an efficient and stable discharge process.

[0129] Further, in the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 5 , is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention. The battery management unit in the distributed energy storage module also includes: a balancing management circuit; the storage battery B1 includes a first battery B11, a second battery B12 and a third battery B13;

[0130] The balancing management circuit includes a first variable resistor RP1, a second variable resistor RP2, a third variable resistor RP3, a first voltage stabilizer U1, a second voltage stabilizer U2, a third voltage stabilizer U3, a first transistor Q5, a second transistor Q6 and a third transistor Q7;

[0131] The first battery B11, the second battery B12 and the third battery B13 are electrically connected in series in the same phase;

[0132] The first end of the first variable resistor RP1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the first battery B11; the second end of the first variable resistor RP1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first battery B11; the sliding end of the first variable resistor RP1 is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the first voltage regulator U1; the cathode of the first voltage regulator U1 is electrically connected to the first end of the first variable resistor RP1; the anode of the first voltage regulator U1 is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor RP1; the base of the first transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator U1; the emitter of the first transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the first end of the first variable resistor RP1; the collector of the first transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor RP1;

[0133] The first end of the second resistor RP2 is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor RP1; the second end of the second resistor RP2 is electrically connected to the cathode of the second battery B12; the sliding end of the second resistor RP2 is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the second voltage regulator U2; the cathode of the second voltage regulator U2 is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor RP1; the anode of the second voltage regulator U2 is electrically connected to the second end of the second resistor RP2; the cathode of the second voltage regulator U2 is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor Q6; the emitter of the second transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor RP1, and the collector of the second transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second end of the second resistor RP2;

[0134] The first end of the third variable resistor RP3 is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor RP2; the second end of the third variable resistor RP3 is electrically connected to the cathode of the third battery B13; the cathode of the third battery B13 is grounded; the sliding end of the third variable resistor RP3 is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the third regulator U3; the cathode of the third regulator U3 is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor RP2; the anode of the third regulator U3 is electrically connected to the second end of the third variable resistor RP3; the cathode of the third regulator U3 is electrically connected to the base of the third transistor Q7; the emitter of the third transistor Q7 is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor RP2; the collector of the third transistor Q7 is electrically connected to the second end of the third variable resistor RP3.

[0135] In this embodiment, the battery is composed of multiple single cells connected in series. Since the characteristics and performance of each single cell in the battery may be different, these differences will cause the battery pack to have unbalanced charging and discharging during use. If not managed and controlled, this imbalance will aggravate battery aging and reduce the overall performance and life of the battery pack. Therefore, balanced management of the battery is crucial to ensure the high efficiency, safety and long-term performance of the battery pack.

[0136] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, the battery B1 is composed of a first battery B11, a second battery B12 and a third battery B13 connected in series. Due to various reasons, the characteristics and performance of each single battery may be different. The following takes the second battery B12 and the third battery B13 as an example to explain its working principle.

[0137] Assuming that the power of the second battery B12 is higher than that of the third battery B13, the voltage at the sliding end of the second variable resistor RP2 will increase accordingly. When the voltage at the sliding end of the second variable resistor RP2 is greater than the reference voltage of the second voltage regulator U2, the second voltage regulator U2 is turned on. The conduction of the second voltage regulator U2 will cause the base of the second triode Q6 to become a low level, thereby causing the second triode Q6 to be turned on. Once the second triode Q6 is turned on, the voltage in the second battery B12 can form a path through the second triode Q6 to charge the third battery B13. This process continues until the power of the second battery B12 and the third battery B13 reaches a relatively consistent level. For the first battery B11 and the second battery B12, and between the first battery B11 and the third battery B13, similar principles are also followed to balance the power.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present invention, the balancing management circuit further includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first variable resistor RP1, and one end is connected to the first end of the first voltage regulator U1. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the second variable resistor RP2, and one end is connected to the first end of the second voltage regulator U2. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the third variable resistor RP3, and one end is connected to the first end of the third voltage regulator U3. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 can prevent the voltage and current in the circuit from being too large, thereby ensuring the safety of the circuit.

[0139] The present invention sets a balancing management circuit. No matter which single cell has a higher power than other cells, the corresponding voltage stabilizer, triode and rheostat can work together to realize the transfer of power from the single cell with higher power to the single cell with lower power, thereby ensuring that the power of the first battery B11, the second battery B12 and the third battery B13 remain consistent, effectively alleviating the imbalance of charge and discharge caused by the difference of single cells, reducing the battery aging speed, and improving the overall performance and service life of the battery pack.

[0140] Further, in the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 6 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. The central control module 102 includes a data processing unit 301 , a prediction unit 302 and a scheduling unit 303 .

[0141] The data processing unit 301 is used to monitor the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module 101, and generate target data by processing the pre-collected grid load and the state parameters;

[0142] The prediction unit 302 is used to predict the power grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data;

[0143] The scheduling unit 303 is used to generate a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module based on the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period.

[0144] In the embodiment of the present invention, the data processing unit 301 is used to collect various state parameters from the distributed energy storage module 101, such as the voltage, current, temperature, and charge and discharge state of the battery 201, and collect the load data of the power grid. These raw data are processed by screening, integration, calculation, etc., to remove noise and abnormal values, extract key effective information, and form target data.

[0145] In the embodiment of the present invention, the prediction unit 302 predicts the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in the future preset first time period based on the target data obtained by the data processing unit 301. For example, the historical grid load change pattern, the impact of weather on new energy power generation, season and time factors, etc. can be considered. Through the comprehensive analysis of these factors, a more accurate prediction value of the grid load demand and the power generation of the new energy power generation device is obtained.

[0146] In an embodiment of the present invention, the scheduling unit 303 formulates a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module 101 based on the target data provided by the data processing unit and the prediction results of the grid load and the new energy power generation in the future preset first time period obtained by the prediction unit 302. If it is predicted that the grid load will increase significantly in the future and the power generation of the new energy power generation device is insufficient, the scheduling unit 303 formulates a strategy for the distributed energy storage module 101 to charge and reserve energy in advance and discharge at peak load. Conversely, if it is predicted that the power generation of the new energy power generation device is in excess, the distributed energy storage module 101 is arranged to charge to store excess electrical energy. In this way, the supply and demand balance of the power grid is ensured, and the energy utilization efficiency and the stability of the power grid are improved.

[0147] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in summer, the data processing unit 301 finds that the current state of the battery 201 is good, and the grid load is gradually increasing due to the extensive use of air conditioners by residents. Based on historical data and weather forecasts, the prediction unit 302 predicts that there will be a peak in electricity consumption due to high temperatures tomorrow afternoon, and that solar power generation will be reduced due to cloud cover. The scheduling unit 303 then formulates a strategy to instruct the distributed energy storage module 101 to speed up charging during the low electricity price period at night, to make adequate preparations for tomorrow's load peak, to ensure that the supply and demand of the power grid is always balanced, the energy utilization efficiency is significantly improved, and the power grid operates stably and reliably.

[0148] The data processing unit, prediction unit and dispatching unit in the central control module of the present invention work together, so that the central control module can accurately control the system status, make forward-looking decisions, and realize intelligent optimization management of the distributed new energy storage system.

[0149] Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0150] Based on the target data, the grid load in a preset first time period is predicted by a first formula.

[0151] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first formula is a mathematical model for predicting the grid load within a preset first time period, and is used to predict the grid load within a preset first time period (such as a day, week, month, etc.) in the future.

[0152] The first formula is specifically:

[0153]

[0154] Where, L t is the predicted value of the grid load at time t, which is the final output of the above mathematical model; L h , t is the grid load at the same historical time t, that is, the grid load data at the same time t in a certain year or several years in the past, which is used to reflect the seasonal or cyclical changes in the load; r is the average annual growth rate of the grid load, which is a trend parameter used to reflect the long-term growth trend of the load over time; n is the number of years from the same historical period to the forecast time t, which is a time difference used to adjust the historical load data to the benchmark of the forecast year; m is the number of factors affecting the grid load, which include but are not limited to weather conditions, economic activity levels, holiday arrangements, etc.; α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th factor affecting the grid load, which is used to quantify the influence of each factor on the load change and can be determined through statistical analysis or expert experience; i，t It is the quantitative value of the i-th factor affecting the grid load at time t, which converts the qualitative or quantitative influencing factors into specific values ​​that can be used for calculation, such as temperature, humidity, holiday signs, etc.

[0155] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, assume that the power grid load L at the same historical time t h，t The power grid load is 1000 MW, the average annual growth rate r of the grid load is 5%, and two years have passed from the same period in history to the forecast time t (n = 2). There are three factors that affect the load (m = 3), namely temperature, holidays and large-scale activities. The weight coefficient of temperature is α 1is 0.3, the temperature on that day is 5 degrees Celsius higher than the historical average temperature for the same period, and the corresponding quantitative value F 1，t is 0.2; the weight coefficient of holidays is α 2 is 0.2, and the day is a holiday. The corresponding quantitative value F 2，t The weight coefficient of large-scale activities is 0.3; 3 is 0.1, there is a large event on that day, the corresponding quantitative value F 3，t is 0.1.

[0156] Then, after substituting the above data into the first formula, we can get:

[0157] L t =1000×(1+0.05) 2 +0.3×0.2+0.2×0.3+0.1×0.1=1102.63, which means the predicted grid load is 1102.63 MW.

[0158] Then, corresponding grid dispatching and energy storage management strategies can be formulated based on the prediction results to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0159] Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0160] Based on the target data, the power generation of the solar power generation device in a preset first time period is predicted by a second formula.

[0161] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second formula is a calculation model for predicting the power generation of the solar power generation device within a preset first time period in the future.

[0162] The second formula is specifically:

[0163]

[0164] In the formula, E s，t is the time interval [t 1 , t 2 ] indicates the total amount of electric energy that can be generated by the solar power generation device within a given time period; t is the solar radiation intensity at time t, reflecting the energy intensity of solar radiation to the ground. The radiation intensity varies with time, location and weather conditions. A is the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and its area directly affects the amount of sunlight that can be captured, thereby affecting the power generation. μ is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, which is a fixed physical property and indicates the proportion of the solar radiation energy received by the photovoltaic panel into electrical energy. k tIt is the comprehensive solar energy correction coefficient at time t, which is used to consider those influencing factors that cannot be directly reflected by other parameters, such as the impact of dust accumulation on the efficiency of photovoltaic panels, the impact of temperature on the performance of photovoltaic panels, and the efficiency improvement brought by the angle adjustment of photovoltaic panels (such as tracking the trajectory of the sun).

[0165] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, suppose that it is necessary to predict the 1 ) to 12 noon (t 2 )The amount of solar power generated during this period.

[0166] The total area of ​​the photovoltaic panels is A, which is 100 square meters, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is μ, which is 20%. During this period, the solar radiation intensity I t The changes are as follows:

[0167] From 8 to 9 o'clock, I t 500 watts / square meter;

[0168] From 9 to 11, I t 800 watts / square meter;

[0169] From 11 to 12 o'clock, I t It is 1000 watts / square meter.

[0170] Comprehensive correction factor k t Take 0.9 for the entire time period (taking into account factors such as dust obstruction and equipment aging).

[0171] Then, after substituting the above data into the second formula, we can get:

[0172]

[0173] That is, the predicted solar power generation is 55,800 watt-hours.

[0174] Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0175] Based on the target data, the power generation of the wind power generation device in a preset first time period is predicted by a third formula.

[0176] In the embodiment of the present invention, the third formula is used to predict the power generation of the wind power generation device within a preset first time period in the future.

[0177] The third formula is specifically:

[0178]

[0179] In the formula, E w , tExpressed as a time interval [t 1 , t 2 ] is the predicted value of the power generation of the wind power generation device within a given time period, which means the total amount of electric energy that can be generated by the wind power generation device within a given time period; ρ is the density of air, which is a physical constant. The air density directly affects the kinetic energy of the wind, and thus affects the efficiency of wind power generation; A w is the swept area of ​​the wind turbine, which is the area that the blades of the wind turbine can sweep when rotating, and determines the total amount of wind energy that the wind turbine can capture; v is the wind speed; C p k is the wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind power generation device, which indicates the proportion of the wind turbine converting the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy; w , t It is the comprehensive wind energy correction coefficient at time t, which is used to consider the influencing factors that cannot be directly reflected by other parameters, such as the maintenance status of the wind turbine, the degree of aging, and the impact of wind direction changes on the efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0180] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, suppose that it is necessary to predict the 1 ) to 6:00 a.m. 2 )The amount of wind power generated during this time period.

[0181] The air density ρ is about 1.2 kg / m3, and the wind sweeping area A of the wind power generation device is w For 500 square meters, the wind energy utilization coefficient C p During this period, the wind speed v and wind energy comprehensive correction coefficient k w , t The changes are as follows:

[0182] From 0 to 2, v is 8 m / s, k w , t is 0.9;

[0183] From 2 to 4 o'clock, v is 10 m / s, k w , t is 0.85;

[0184] From 4 to 6 o'clock, v is 12 m / s, k w , t is 0.95.

[0185] Then, after substituting the above data into the third formula, we can get:

[0186]

[0187] That is, the predicted wind power generation is 707,424 watt-hours.

[0188] The present invention provides the ability to accurately predict the load of the power grid and the power generation of future new energy power generation devices (including solar power generation devices and wind power generation devices) for the distributed new energy energy storage system by introducing specific prediction formulas. It helps the distributed new energy energy storage system to more efficiently manage the balance of energy supply and demand, optimize energy storage strategies, reduce energy waste, improve energy utilization efficiency, and enhance the stability and reliability of the power grid. By considering historical data, growth trends, influencing factors, and real-time meteorological conditions, more accurate and forward-looking decisions can be made, thereby bringing significant economic and environmental benefits to users and power grid operators.

[0189] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed renewable energy storage system, which is based on the organic combination of modules and effectively alleviates the impact of the intermittent and uncertain renewable energy generation on the power grid by cleverly deploying distributed energy storage modules in various parts of the power grid. Through the real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation capabilities of the central control module, the load dynamics of the power grid and the renewable energy generation are accurately grasped, and the charging and discharging operations of the distributed energy storage modules are dispatched in a timely manner, which not only ensures the stability of the power supply, but also promotes the maximum utilization of renewable energy. The efficient communication module also ensures the immediacy and accuracy of information transmission, providing solid support for the coordinated operation of the system.

[0190] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed new energy storage system, characterized in that: include: Distributed energy storage module, central control module and communication module; The distributed energy storage module includes a battery, a battery management unit and a control unit; The distributed energy storage modules are deployed at different locations of the power grid; the distributed energy storage modules are used to store and release electrical energy; The central control module includes a data processing unit, a prediction unit and a scheduling unit; The central control module is used to monitor the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module in real time, and control the working state of the distributed energy storage module according to the pre-collected power grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device; wherein the working state of the distributed energy storage module includes electric energy storage and electric energy release, and the new energy power generation device includes a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device; The communication module is used to establish a communication link between the distributed energy storage module and the central control module.

2. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is used to store electrical energy; the battery management unit is used to monitor the voltage parameters, current parameters and temperature parameters of the battery; the control unit is used to receive instructions from the central control module and control the working state of the battery according to the instructions.

3. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery management unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage processing circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and an inverter; The control unit includes a microprocessor; The voltage acquisition circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery; the current acquisition circuit is used to detect the current of the battery; the temperature acquisition circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery; The output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the current acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the temperature acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; The input end of the voltage processing circuit is connected to the new energy power generation device; the output end of the voltage processing circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the charging circuit; the output end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the battery; the control end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the battery is electrically connected to the input end of the discharge circuit; the output end of the discharge circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the inverter; the control end of the discharge circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output end of the inverter is connected to the power grid; and the control end of the inverter is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

4. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor; The first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage processing circuit; The control end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor; The second end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode; The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the second capacitor; The second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded; The first end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode; The control end of the second switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor. The second end of the second switch tube is grounded; The first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch tube; The second end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the battery; The positive electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor; A negative electrode of the first capacitor is grounded.

5. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge circuit includes a second inductor, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a second diode and a third capacitor; The first end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the battery; The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube; The control end of the third switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor; The second end of the third switch tube is grounded; The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third switch tube; The cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first end of the third capacitor; Connecting the second end of the third capacitor to ground; The first end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode; The second end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the input end of the inverter, and the control end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

6. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery management unit further includes: a balancing management circuit; The storage battery comprises a first battery, a second battery and a third battery; The balancing management circuit includes a first variable resistor, a second variable resistor, a third variable resistor, a first voltage stabilizer, a second voltage stabilizer, a third voltage stabilizer, a first triode, a second triode and a third triode; The first battery, the second battery and the third battery are electrically connected in series in the same phase; The first end of the first variable resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the first battery; the second end of the first variable resistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the first battery; the sliding end of the first variable resistor is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the first voltage regulator; the cathode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the first end of the first variable resistor; the anode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; the base of the first triode is electrically connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator; the emitter of the first triode is electrically connected to the first end of the first variable resistor; and the collector of the first triode is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; The first end of the second variable resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; the second end of the second variable resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second battery; the sliding end of the second variable resistor is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the second voltage regulator; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor; the anode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the base of the second triode; the emitter of the second triode is electrically connected to the second end of the first variable resistor, and the collector of the second triode is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; The first end of the third variable resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; the second end of the third variable resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the third battery; the cathode of the third battery is grounded; the sliding end of the third variable resistor is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the third regulator; the cathode of the third regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; the anode of the third regulator is electrically connected to the second end of the third variable resistor; the cathode of the third regulator is electrically connected to the base of the third triode; the emitter of the third triode is electrically connected to the second end of the second variable resistor; and the collector of the third triode is electrically connected to the second end of the third variable resistor.

7. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data processing unit is used to monitor the state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module, and generate target data by processing the pre-collected power grid load and the state parameters; The prediction unit is used to predict the power grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data; The scheduling unit is used to generate a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module based on the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period.

8. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes: Based on the target data, predicting the grid load in a preset first time period by using a first formula; The first formula is specifically: Where, L t is the predicted value of grid load at time t; L h，t is the grid load at the same period in history at time t; r is the average annual growth rate of grid load; n is the number of years from the same period in history to the forecast time t; m is the number of factors affecting grid load; α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th factor affecting the power grid load; F i，t is the quantitative value of the i-th factor affecting the grid load at time t.

9. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes: Based on the target data, predicting the power generation of the solar power generation device in a preset first time period by using a second formula; The second formula is specifically: In the formula, E s , t is the predicted value of the power generation of the solar power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2]; I t is the solar radiation intensity at time t; A is the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; μ is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; k t is the comprehensive solar energy correction coefficient at time t.

10. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The predicting of the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period based on the target data includes: Based on the target data, predicting the power generation of the wind power generation device in a preset first time period by using a third formula; The third formula is specifically: In the formula, E w，t It is expressed as the predicted value of the power generation of the wind power generation device in the time interval [t1, t2]; ρ is the density of air; A w is the swept area of ​​the wind turbine; v is the wind speed; C p k is the wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind power generation device; w，t is the comprehensive correction coefficient of wind energy at time t.

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