Summer black grape fruit swelling method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of summer black grape planting, and particularly provides a summer black grape fruit expanding method. The gibberellin and the forchlorfenuron are combined and compounded into the summer black grape fruit swelling agent, the action mechanisms of the gibberellin and the forchlorfenuron in the summer black grape fruit swelling aspect are different, cross resistance does not exist, and the gibberellin and the forchlorfenuron are combined and compounded into liquid medicine to have an obvious synergistic interaction effect; and the fruit swelling effect on summer black grapes is obviously better than that of gibberellin and forchlorfenuron single agents. According to the method, gibberellin and forchlorfenuron of different concentrations are applied after the full-bloom stage, the time interval between two times of pesticide application is 12-15 days, and fruit retention and expansion of summer black grape clusters are achieved in the mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of summer black grape planting and relates to a summer black grape fruit swelling method. Background Art

[0002] Summer Black grapes are a triploid European-American hybrid cultivar bred from a cross between Kyoho grapes (female) and Seedless White grapes (male). They boast excellent growth, early maturity, and high quality, with slightly better disease resistance than typical Eurasian varieties. Since their introduction to China in 1998, Summer Black has rapidly grown. Currently, approximately one million mu (approximately 1,000 hectares) of Summer Black grapes are cultivated in my country, accounting for approximately one-tenth of the country's total grape cultivation area, with the majority cultivated in southern provinces. Flower and fruit management techniques in Summer Black grape cultivation are closely linked to yield, quality, and profitability. Flower pulling, flower and fruit preservation, and fruit expansion are the three most important aspects of Summer Black grape flower and fruit management. However, as the inflorescence of Summer Black grapes elongates, the rachis tend to become thinner, making fruit expansion more difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for enlarging summer black grapes, wherein the summer black grapes are cultivated in a root-limited cultivation mode, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: During the flowering period, select the inflorescences with normal growth, and spray 25 mg / L gibberellin and 2 mg / L forchlorfenuron evenly on the entire flower spike before 10 am on a clear and windless day until the flower spike begins to drip;

[0006] Step 2: 12-15 days after the peak flowering period, before 10 am on a clear and windless day, evenly spray 12.5 mg / L gibberellin and 2 mg / L chlorfenapyr on the entire Summer Black grape plant until the bunches begin to drip water.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides an application of a combination of agents for swelling summer black grape fruits, the combination comprising gibberellins and chlorfenuron. The application comprises applying different concentrations of the combination of gibberellins and chlorfenuron during the peak flowering period and after the peak flowering period of summer black grapes, respectively, with the two applications being 12-15 days apart. 25 mg / L gibberellins and 2 mg / L chlorfenuron are used during the peak flowering period, and 12.5 mg / L gibberellins and 2 mg / L chlorfenuron are used after the peak flowering period.

[0008] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0009] The present invention provides a method for expanding summer black grapes under a root-restricted cultivation mode. Using the method of the present invention to manage summer black grapes can thicken the fruit stalks, increase the average single-grain weight and longitudinal diameter of the grapes, facilitate fruit setting and expansion, and increase yield. It can also increase the soluble solids content, significantly increasing the sweetness of the grapes. Performing a fruit preservation and expansion treatment on the bunches before 10 a.m. can reduce the probability of high-temperature-induced drug damage and improve drug efficacy. The present invention optimizes summer black grape fruit expansion technology, produces high-quality fresh-table grapes, and provides a theoretical basis for the industrial development of summer black grapes from the perspective of regulating fruit expansion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 The effect of different treatments on the stem thickness of summer black grape;

[0011] Figure 2 Effects of different treatments on single bunch weight of summer black grape;

[0012] Figure 3 Effects of different treatments on the average single-grain weight of Summer Black grapes;

[0013] Figure 4 Effects of different treatments on the length of summer black grape bunches;

[0014] Figure 5 Effects of different treatments on the longitudinal diameter of summer black grape berries;

[0015] Figure 6 Effects of different treatments on the transverse diameter of summer black grape berries;

[0016] Figure 7 Effects of different treatments on the fruit shape index of Summer Black grape;

[0017] Figure 8 Effects of different treatments on soluble solids content of summer black grapes;

[0018] Figure 9 Effects of different treatments on fresh sensory qualities of summer black grapes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] 1. Materials and reagents

[0022] The experimental object was summer black grape cultivated in greenhouse with restricted root cultivation in Guangzhou area.

[0023] Test agents: 20% gibberellic acid soluble powder (GA3), trade name: Qibao, 1g / bag, produced by Shanghai Eighteen Pharmaceutical Factory; 0.1% CPPU (chlorforchloramide): produced by Sichuan Lanyue Technology Development Company.

[0024] 2. Methods

[0025] Healthy plants with similar growth characteristics were selected and arranged in randomized blocks of three trees per plot. Different concentrations of GA3 and CPPU were used to treat Summer Black grapes. Eight treatment ratios were used (Table 1): the first treatment was applied at peak flowering; the second treatment was applied 12-15 days after peak flowering.

[0026] During the experiment, the test plants were managed routinely.

[0027] Table 1 Design of plant growth regulator ratios under different treatments

[0028]

[0029] 1. Investigate and collect statistics on the quality of mature fruits, such as stem thickness, average single-grain weight, single-ear weight, single-ear length, fruit length and width, fruit shape index (ratio of fruit length and width), soluble solids content, vitamin C and tannins.

[0030] 2. The sensory quality of grapes was evaluated by vision, smell and taste. A tasting panel was formed by 10 technical researchers from fruit tree related fields, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The panel consisted of three age groups: old, middle-aged and young. Grape skin thickness, bunch density, color consistency, aroma and flavor were scored using a grading system (Table 2). The grading standards were based on the grape germplasm resource description specifications and data standards

[20] . The total score was calculated to obtain the final average value.

[0031] Table 2 Sensory evaluation standards for fresh grapes

[0032] index 1 2 3 4 Peel thickness thick middle Thin Cluster density Loose Medium or medium-tight Tight or very tight Coloring consistency Inconsistency Consistency Very consistent Flavor Light taste Slightly sour or sweet Moderate sweet and sour Sweet and sour fragrance Unscented Light fragrance Medium fragrance Rich fragrance

[0033] 1. Effects of different treatments on the stem thickness of summer black grapes

[0034] Depend on Figure 1 The results show that the stalk coarseness of the Summer Black grapes after mature harvest varied among the different treatment combinations, with Treatment 4 showing the highest stalk coarseness, significantly higher than Treatments 6, 7, and 8, and no significant difference from the other treatments. A comprehensive comparison showed that there were slight differences in stalk coarseness among the Summer Black grape bunches treated with different plant growth regulator combinations, with Treatment 4 showing the most significant effect.

[0035] 2. Effects of different treatments on single bunch weight of summer black grapes

[0036] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the weight of each bunch of summer black grapes in different treatment combinations after mature harvest is different, among which treatment 5 has the highest weight, which is significantly higher than treatments 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8, and treatment 1 has the lowest weight.

[0037] 3. Effects of different treatments on the average single-grain weight of summer black grapes

[0038] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the average single-grain weight of summer black grapes in treatment 5 after mature harvest was the highest, significantly higher than treatments 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8, and had no significant difference with other treatments.

[0039] 4. Effects of different treatments on summer black grape bunch length

[0040] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that after mature harvest, the length of the summer black grape bunch in treatment 2 was the longest, which was significantly longer than that in treatments 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8.

[0041] 5. Effects of different treatments on the longitudinal diameter of summer black grape berries

[0042] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that after mature harvest, the longitudinal diameter of the summer black grape berries in treatment 5 was the largest, significantly larger than that of other treatments except treatment 4 and treatment 6.

[0043] 6. Effects of different treatments on the transverse diameter of summer black grape berries

[0044] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that there is no significant difference in the transverse diameter of summer black grape berries treated with different combinations after ripening and harvesting.

[0045] 7. Effects of different treatments on the fruit shape index of Summer Black grape

[0046] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that the fruit shape index of summer black grapes treated with different combinations after ripening and harvesting is quite different. The fruit shape index of treatment 5 is the highest, significantly higher than that of other treatments except treatment 6, indicating that this treatment has a tendency to elongate the fruit.

[0047] 8. Effects of different treatments on the soluble solids content of summer black grapes

[0048] Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that the soluble solids content of summer black grapes treated with different combinations after ripening and harvesting varies greatly, with treatment 5 having the highest content, which is significantly higher than other treatments except treatment 3 and treatment 6, indicating that treatment 5 significantly increases the sweetness of the grapes.

[0049] 9. Effects of different treatments on the sensory quality of fresh summer black grapes

[0050] Depend on Figure 9 It can be seen that the comprehensive evaluation of the fresh sensory quality of summer black grapes in different combinations of 7 treatments after mature harvest had no significant difference, among which treatments 2 and 5 had the highest quality, and treatment 4 had the lowest quality.

[0051] The results of this study showed that the effects of different combinations of plant growth regulators on the appearance and internal quality of summer black grape fruit were different. A comprehensive comparison of stalk thickness, average single-grain weight, single-bunch weight, single-bunch length, vertical and horizontal diameter of the fruit, fruit shape index, soluble solids content and fresh sensory quality showed that treatment 5 (i.e., 25 mg / L GA3+2 mg / L CPPU, 12.5 mg / L GA3+2 mg / L CPPU) had a greater impact on various indicators and was suitable for use in summer black grape bunch preservation and enlargement treatment in the spring climate of Guangdong.

[0052] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can make other different forms of changes or modifications without making any creative work, and all of them should fall within the scope of invention protection.

Claims

1. A method for expanding summer black grapes, characterized in that: The summer black grape is in a root-limited cultivation mode, which includes the following steps: Step 1: During the flowering period, select the inflorescence with normal growth, and evenly spray 25 mg / L gibberellin and 2 mg / L chlorfenapyr on the whole flower spike before 10 am on a sunny and windless day until the flower spike begins to drip; Step 2: 12-15 days after the peak flowering period, before 10 am on a clear and windless day, spray 12.5 mg / L gibberellin and 2 mg / L chlorfenapyr evenly on the entire summer black grape plant until the bunches begin to drip water.

2. An application of a combination of summer black grape fruit swelling agents, characterized in that: The drug combination includes gibberellins and chlorfenapyr, and the application is to apply different concentrations of the combination of gibberellins and chlorfenapyr during the peak flowering period and after the peak flowering period of summer black grapes, respectively, with an interval of 12-15 days between the two applications, 25 mg / L gibberellins and 2 mg / L chlorfenapyr are used during the peak flowering period, and 12.5 mg / L gibberellins and 2 mg / L chlorfenapyr are used after the peak flowering period.

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