Hot water force coupling landslide model experiment system

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental system of a hot water force coupling landslide model, which is characterized in that on the basis of a large freezing and thawing environment test box, an artificially manufactured slope model is placed in the large freezing and thawing environment test box, and meanwhile, a rainfall and snowfall system, a slide rail system, a water level control system, a servo loading system, a medium strain rate disturbance system and a data acquisition system are integrated; a complete slope landslide model indoor experiment device under the combined action of freeze thawing-load-seepage is formed and used for simulating slope landslide caused by rainfall and snowfall, blasting vibration, slope body water level change and other conditions, and multi-source heterogeneous data of the whole process of the landslide from the unstable factor accumulation stage, the temporary sliding stage, the sliding stage and the stable stage are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of geotechnical technology, and in particular to a thermal water-mechanical coupling landslide model experimental system. Background Art

[0002] There are a large number of mineral resources waiting to be mined in my country's high-altitude and cold regions. One of the key issues to ensure the safe and efficient exploitation of these resources is to clearly grasp the impact of complex occurrence conditions and extreme climate characteristics on slope rock mass, and then take effective measures to maintain slope stability and reduce the loss of life and property caused by slope disasters. As we all know, the climatic conditions in high-altitude areas are harsh, the snow season is long, and the temperature difference between day and night caused by the high altitude is extremely large. The snow melts into the slope during the noon period and freezes at night. The slope is constantly subjected to the test of freeze-thaw damage in this cycle; at the same time, the slope is affected by geological structure, blasting disturbance, etc., and is itself in a stress state of static and dynamic loads. Summary of the invention

[0003] According to the technical problems raised above, a thermal water-mechanical coupling landslide model experimental system is provided.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] An experimental system of a thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model comprises a freeze-thaw environment test chamber, wherein the freeze-thaw environment test chamber is provided with a rainfall and snowfall system, a slide rail system, a water level control system, a servo loading system, a medium strain rate disturbance system and a data acquisition system, and is used to simulate slope landslides caused by conditions such as rainfall and snowfall, blasting vibration, and slope water level changes, and obtain multi-source data of the entire landslide process.

[0006] Furthermore, the rainfall and snowfall system includes a water reservoir, a first water pump, a compressor, a suspension frame, a nuclear device nozzle, a first water supply pipeline and a compressed air pipeline. The water reservoir, the first water pump and the nuclear device nozzle are connected in series through the first water supply pipeline; a first water level gauge is installed in the water reservoir, and the water level data can be displayed in real time to control the rainfall or snowfall; the compressor and the nuclear device nozzle are connected in series through the compressed air pipeline; the compressor is used to press high-pressure air into the nuclear device nozzle, which contacts the water pumped into the nuclear device nozzle at the same time to form snowflakes and simulate natural snowfall; the nuclear device nozzles are evenly arranged on the suspension frame; and the suspension frame is installed on the top of the freeze-thaw environment test chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the water level control system includes a water tank, a second water level gauge, a water supply pipeline, a second water pump and a water tank, the water tank is installed on the slide rail system; a water inlet and outlet are provided at the lower part of the water tank; the second water level gauge is installed on the inner wall of the water tank to indicate the water level of the slope immersed in the water tank; the water tank, the second water pump and the water tank are connected by a second water supply pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the servo loading system includes a hydraulic oil pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a left loading plate, a right loading plate, and a frame crossbeam; the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe; the hydraulic oil pump is placed outside the freeze-thaw test box; the hydraulic cylinder is placed inside the freeze-thaw environment test box; the hydraulic cylinder and the left loading plate are connected through a piston rod; an incident rod channel is reserved at the center position of the left loading plate; 8 casters are installed on the upper and lower parts of the left loading plate to facilitate the lateral movement of the left loading plate, a left insulation layer is pasted on the left loading plate, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer is pasted on the right side of the left insulation layer; the right loading plate is constrained at the right end of the inside of the water tank by the frame crossbeam, a right insulation layer is pasted on the right loading plate, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer is pasted on the left side of the right insulation layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the medium strain rate disturbance system includes a pendulum, a dial, a pendulum base, an incident rod, a strain gauge, a signal line, an oscilloscope, a sliding support, and a support frame. The pendulum base is fixed to the ground by screws, the incident rod is arranged on the sliding support, the upper part of the sliding support is a pulley, the lower part of the sliding support is fixed to the support frame, the strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the incident rod, and is connected to the oscilloscope through the signal line, and the oscilloscope is used to capture the incident wave.

[0010] Furthermore, the data acquisition system includes a pull rod displacement meter, an acoustic emission probe, a moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor, a single-point film stress gauge, a flexible bending sensor, a vibrometer, and a binocular positioning camera. The pull rod displacement meter is installed on the first fault and the second fault to simulate the crack meter of the on-site monitoring equipment; the acoustic emission probes are evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the first fault and the second fault to simulate the microseismic sensor of the on-site monitoring equipment; the moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor is evenly distributed inside the first fault and the second fault to simulate the water level meter, conductivity meter and temperature meter of the on-site monitoring equipment; the single-point film stress gauge is arranged inside the first fault and the second fault to monitor the change trend of the internal stress of the first fault and the second fault; the flexible bending sensor is arranged on the step, the flexible bending sensor runs through the first fault and the second fault, and the two ends of the flexible bending sensor are respectively fixed in the rock mass to simulate the anchor dynamometer of the on-site monitoring equipment; the vibration meter is installed on the surface of the step to receive the attenuation wave signal of the impact load after passing through the slope body and the weak interlayer, simulating the blasting vibration meter of the on-site monitoring equipment; the binocular positioning camera is installed on the inner wall of the freeze-thaw environment test box, and the slope displacement is obtained by means of binocular positioning imaging technology to simulate the ground-based radar of the on-site monitoring equipment.

[0011] Furthermore, the refrigeration range of the freeze-thaw environmental test box is -30°C to 30°C; the environmental test box is provided with an air outlet and a wire outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the freeze-thaw environment test box has a volume of: 3m long×1.5m wide×1.5m high.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] The present invention fully considers the state of slope occurrence under complex conditions, and avoids the shortcomings of small-scale indoor single variable experiments that cannot obtain accurate slope instability and sliding laws, and the in-situ slope landslide data is often incomplete. On the basis of simultaneously considering the effects of complex factors such as precipitation, ground stress, blasting disturbance, slope water level, freeze-thaw cycle, etc. on the slope, multi-source heterogeneous data of the entire process of unstable factor accumulation stage, pre-slip stage, sliding stage and stable stage are obtained, and then the precursor characteristics and instability laws are extracted, providing a good data basis for slope stability analysis and disaster prevention in cold regions, which is of great benefit to the analysis and prevention of landslide characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of an experimental system of a thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a left view of an experimental system of a thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 A state diagram of a model system of an experimental system of a hot water-hydraulic coupling landslide model provided by the present invention when the model system is pulled out of an environmental box with the help of a slide rail system.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the position relationship between the loading plate and the frame beam.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the contact mode between casters and a loading beam of an experimental system of a hot water-hydraulic coupling landslide model provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Freeze-thaw environment test chamber; 101. Air outlet; 2. Slope model; 201. First fault; 202. Second fault; 301. Water reservoir; 302. Water level gauge; 303. Water pump; 304. Compressor; 305. Suspension bracket; 306. Nuclear device nozzle; 307. First water supply pipeline; 308. Compressed air pipeline; 4. Slide rail system; 501. Water tank; 502. Water level gauge; 503. Second water supply pipeline; 504. Water pump; 505. Water tank; 506. Water inlet and outlet; 601. Hydraulic oil pump; 602. Oil supply pipeline; 603. Hydraulic cylinder; 604. Piston rod; 605. Left loading plate; 606. Left insulation layer; 607. Polytetrafluoroethylene Fluoroethylene layer; 608, casters; 609, frame crossbeam; 610, right loading plate; 611, insulation layer; 612, polytetrafluoroethylene; 701, pendulum; 702, dial; 703, pendulum base; 704, screw; 705, incident rod; 706, sliding support; 707, support frame; 708, strain gauge; 709, signal line; 710, oscilloscope; 711, incident rod channel; 801, pull rod displacement meter; 802, acoustic emission probe; 803, moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor; 804, single-point thin film stress gauge; 805, flexible bending sensor; 806, vibrometer; 807, binocular positioning camera; 9, insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0027] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0028] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides an experimental system of a thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model, including a freeze-thaw environment test box 1, wherein the freeze-thaw environment test box 1 is provided with a rain and snow system, a slide rail system, a water level control system, a servo loading system, a medium strain rate disturbance system and a data acquisition system, and is used to simulate slope landslides caused by conditions such as rain and snow, blasting vibration, and slope water level changes, and obtain multi-source data of the entire landslide process.

[0030] The rain and snow system includes a water reservoir 301, a first water pump 303, a compressor 304, a suspension frame 305, a nuclear device nozzle 306, a first water supply pipeline 307, and a compressed air pipeline 308. The water reservoir 301, the first water pump 303, and the nuclear device nozzle 306 are connected in series through the first water supply pipeline 307; a first water level gauge 302 is installed in the water reservoir 301, and the water level data of the first water level gauge 302 can be displayed in real time to control the rainfall or snowfall; the compressor 304 and the nuclear device nozzle 306 are connected in series through the compressed air pipeline 308; the compressor 304 is used to press high-pressure air into the nuclear device nozzle 306, which contacts with the water pumped into the nuclear device nozzle 306 at the same time to form snowflakes and simulate natural snowfall; the nuclear device nozzle 306 is evenly arranged on the suspension frame 305; the suspension frame 305 is installed on the top of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1.

[0031] The water level control system includes a water tank 501, a second water level gauge 502, a second water supply pipeline 503, a water pump 504 and a water tank 505. The water tank 501 is installed on the slide rail system; a water inlet and outlet 506 are provided at the lower part of the water tank 501; the second water level gauge 502 is installed on the inner wall of the water tank 501, and is used to indicate the water level of the inner slope of the water tank 501. The water tank 501, the water pump 504 and the water tank 505 are connected by the second water supply pipeline 503.

[0032] The servo loading system includes a hydraulic oil pump 601, a hydraulic cylinder 603, a left loading plate 605, a right loading plate 610, and a frame crossbeam 609; the hydraulic oil pump 601 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 601 through an oil pipe; the hydraulic oil pump 601 is placed outside the freeze-thaw test chamber 1; the hydraulic cylinder 603 is placed inside the freeze-thaw environment test chamber 1; the hydraulic cylinder 603 is connected to the left loading plate 605 through a piston rod 604; the center position of the left loading plate 605 is reserved for The shooting rod 705 channel; the left loading plate 605 is equipped with 8 casters on the upper and lower parts to facilitate the lateral movement of the left loading plate 605; the left loading plate 605 is pasted with a left insulation layer 606, and the right side of the left insulation layer 606 is pasted with a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer; the right loading plate 610 is constrained at the right end of the inside of the water tank 501 by the frame crossbeam 609, the right loading plate 610 is pasted with a right insulation layer 611, and the left side of the right insulation layer 611 is pasted with a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer 612.

[0033] The medium strain rate disturbance system includes a pendulum 701, a dial 702, a pendulum base 703, an incident rod 705, a strain gauge 708, a signal line 709, an oscilloscope 710, a sliding support 706, and a support frame 707. The dial 702 is mounted on the top of the pendulum base 703, the pendulum 701 is rotatably connected to the dial 702, and the pendulum base 703 is fixed to the ground through a screw 704; the incident rod 705 is arranged on the sliding support 706 and is located within the rotation radius of the pendulum 701, the upper part of the sliding support 706 is a pulley, and the lower part of the sliding support 706 is fixed to the support frame 707; the strain gauge 708 is attached to the surface of the incident rod 705, and is connected to the oscilloscope 710 through the signal line 709, and the oscilloscope 710 is used to capture the incident wave.

[0034] The data acquisition system includes a rod displacement meter 801, an acoustic emission probe 802, a moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor 803, a single-point film stress meter 804, a flexible bending sensor 805, a vibrometer 806, and a binocular positioning camera 807. The rod displacement meter 801 is installed on the first fault 201 and the second fault 202 to simulate the crack meter of the on-site monitoring equipment. The acoustic emission probe 802 is evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the first fault 201 and the second fault 202 to simulate the microseismic sensor of the on-site monitoring equipment; the moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor 803 is evenly distributed inside the first fault 801 and the second fault to simulate the water level meter, conductivity meter, and temperature meter of the on-site monitoring equipment; the single-point film stress meter 804 is arranged inside the first fault 201 and the second fault 202 to monitor the internal stress of the first fault 201 and the second fault 202. The flexible bending sensor 805 is arranged on the step of the slope model 2, and the flexible bending sensor 805 passes through the first fault 201 and the second fault 202. The two ends of the flexible bending sensor 805 are respectively fixed in the rock mass, simulating the anchor dynamometer of the on-site monitoring equipment; the vibrometer 806 is installed on the surface of the step to receive the attenuation wave signal of the impact load after passing through the slope body and the weak interlayer, simulating the blasting vibrometer of the on-site monitoring equipment; the binocular positioning camera 807 is installed on the inner wall of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1, and the slope displacement is obtained by means of binocular positioning imaging technology, simulating the ground-based radar of the on-site monitoring equipment.

[0035] The refrigeration range of the freeze-thaw environmental test box 1 is -30°C to 30°C; the environmental test box 1 is provided with an air outlet and a wire outlet.

[0036] The freeze-thaw environment test box 1 has a volume of: 3 m long×1.5 m wide×1.5 m high.

[0037] The operation steps of the present invention are as follows: Step 1, pull out the slide rail 4 of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1, place the prepared slope model 2 in the water tank 501, and install the moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor 803 and the single-point film stress gauge 804 therein while setting the weak interlayer of the slope model 1; Step 2, evenly install the pull rod displacement meter 802 on the first fault 201 and the second fault 202, paste the acoustic emission probe 802 on the flat slope surface on both sides of the fault, fix the vibrometer 806 on the step surface with plaster, and arrange the flexible bending sensor 806 on the step by drilling; Step 3, push the model system into the freeze-thaw environment test box 1, and the signal lines of all the acquisition devices are connected to the acquisition instrument from the outlet of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1; Step 4, push the slide rail 4, and place the slope model 2 in the freeze-thaw environment box 1; Step 5, turn on all the acquisition devices, turn on the hydraulic oil pump 601, and set The servo loading force is 200 kPa; Step 6, raise the water level in the water tank 501 to 30 cm, set the freeze-thaw temperature and duration of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1, it takes 30 minutes to reduce the room temperature to -20°C, and it takes 3 hours and 30 minutes to maintain -20°C; Step 7, in the last 30 minutes of maintaining -20 degrees Celsius, turn on the compressor 304 and the water pump 303 at the same time, implement 40L of water snowfall, and turn off the compressor 304 and the water pump 303; Step 8, raise the water level in the water tank 501 to 30 cm, set the freeze-thaw temperature and duration of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1, and it takes 30 minutes to reduce the room temperature to -20°C, and it takes 3 hours and 30 minutes to maintain -20°C; Step 7, in the last 30 minutes of maintaining -20 degrees Celsius, turn on the compressor 304 and the water pump 303 at the same time, implement 40L of water snowfall, and turn off the compressor 304 and the water pump 303; Step 8, raise the water level in the water tank 501 to 30 cm, set the freeze-thaw temperature and duration of the freeze-thaw environment test box 1 to 30 cm, and then turn on the compressor 304 and the water pump 303; Step 8, It takes 30 minutes to reach the temperature of 20℃, and maintain 20℃ for 3h30min; Step nine, deflect the pendulum 701 to 10°, turn on the oscilloscope 710, release the pendulum 701, and let the pendulum collide with the free end of the incident rod to generate an incident wave. The incident wave waveform signal is collected by the strain gauge 708 pasted on the surface of the incident rod 705; Step ten, end the collection of all monitoring equipment, store the experimental data, use the water pump 504 to pump out the water in the water tank 501, and end the experiment.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental system for a thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model, characterized in that: The invention comprises a freeze-thaw environment test chamber, wherein the freeze-thaw environment test chamber is provided with a rainfall and snowfall system, a slide rail system, a water level control system, a servo loading system, a medium strain rate disturbance system and a data acquisition system, which are used to simulate slope landslides caused by rainfall and snowfall, blasting vibration, slope water level change and other conditions, and obtain multi-source data of the whole landslide process. The rainfall and snowfall system comprises a water reservoir, a first water pump, a compressor, a suspension frame, a nuclear device nozzle and a first water supply pipeline and a compressed air pipeline. The water reservoir, the first water pump and the nuclear device nozzle are connected in series through the water supply pipeline; a first water level gauge is installed in the water reservoir, and water level data can be displayed in real time for controlling rainfall or snowfall; the compressor and the nuclear device nozzle are connected in series through the compressed air pipeline; the compressor is used to press high-pressure air into the nuclear device nozzle, which contacts with water pumped into the nuclear device nozzle at the same time to form snowflakes and simulate natural snowfall; the nuclear device nozzles are evenly arranged on the suspension frame; the suspension frame is installed on the top of the freeze-thaw environment test chamber.

2. The experimental system of the thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level control system includes a water trough, a second water level gauge, a second water supply pipeline, a second water pump and a water tank. The water trough is installed on the slide rail system; a water inlet and outlet are provided at the lower part of the water trough; the second water level gauge is installed on the inner wall of the water trough to indicate the water level of the slope immersed in the water trough; the water trough, the second water pump and the water tank are connected by a water supply pipeline.

3. The experimental system of the thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo loading system includes a hydraulic oil pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a left loading plate, a right loading plate, and a frame crossbeam; the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe; the hydraulic oil pump is arranged outside the freeze-thaw test chamber; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged inside the freeze-thaw environment test chamber; the hydraulic cylinder and the left loading plate are connected through a piston rod; an incident rod channel is reserved at the center position of the left loading plate; 8 casters are installed on the upper and lower parts of the left loading plate to facilitate the lateral movement of the left loading plate, a left insulation layer is pasted on the left loading plate, and a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer is pasted on the right side of the left insulation layer; the right loading plate is constrained at the right end of the inside of the water tank by the frame crossbeam, a right insulation layer is pasted on the right loading plate, and a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer is pasted on the left side of the right insulation layer.

4. The experimental system of a thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium strain rate disturbance system includes a pendulum, a dial, a pendulum base, an incident rod, a strain gauge, a signal line, an oscilloscope, a sliding support, and a support frame. The pendulum base is fixed to the ground by screws; the incident rod is arranged on the sliding support; the upper part of the sliding support is a pulley, and the lower part of the sliding support is fixed to the support frame; the strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the incident rod and connected to the oscilloscope through the signal line; the oscilloscope is used to capture the incident wave.

5. The experimental system of the thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a pull rod displacement meter, an acoustic emission probe, a moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor, a single-point thin film stress meter, a flexible bending sensor, a vibrometer, and a binocular positioning camera. The pull rod displacement meter is installed on the first fault and the second fault to simulate the crack meter of the on-site monitoring equipment; the acoustic emission probes are evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the first fault and the second fault to simulate the microseismic sensor of the on-site monitoring equipment; the moisture content-conductivity-temperature three-in-one sensor is evenly distributed inside the first fault and the second fault to simulate the water level meter, conductivity meter, and temperature meter of the on-site monitoring equipment; the single-point thin film stress meter is arranged on the first fault and the second fault to simulate the water level meter, conductivity meter, and temperature meter of the on-site monitoring equipment. The first fault and the second fault are used to monitor the changing trend of the internal stress of the first fault and the second fault; the flexible bending sensor is arranged on the step, and the flexible bending sensor runs through the first fault and the second fault. The two ends of the flexible bending sensor are respectively fixed in the rock mass to simulate the anchor dynamometer of the on-site monitoring equipment; the vibrometer is installed on the surface of the step to receive the attenuation wave signal of the impact load after passing through the slope and the weak interlayer, simulating the blasting vibrometer of the on-site monitoring equipment; the binocular positioning camera is installed on the inner wall of the freeze-thaw environment test box, and the slope displacement is obtained by means of binocular positioning imaging technology to simulate the ground-based radar of the on-site monitoring equipment.

6. The experimental system of the thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration range of the freeze-thaw environmental test box is -30°C to 30°C; the environmental test box is provided with an air outlet and a wire outlet.

7. The experimental system of the thermal water-hydraulic coupling landslide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freeze-thaw environment test box has a volume of: 3m long×1.5m wide×1.5m high.

Images