A method for spectrum coordination management and control of an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a spectrum coordination management method for an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. The method is aimed at the problem of low spectrum resource management efficiency in an air-sea cross-domain communication scenario, comprehensively considers the complex environment on water and under water, and realizes pre-allocation and dynamic adjustment of spectrum resources according to environmental changes through underwater acoustic spectrum management, an efficient adaptive time slot allocation method and water electromagnetic spectrum management. The spectrum coordination management method for the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway is based on a maximum-minimum fair channel allocation scheme, combines task priority analysis and dynamic environment sensing, performs channel pre-allocation and dynamically adjusts frequency point allocation strategies, avoids resource waste, and improves communication stability and anti-interference capability. The spectrum coordination management method for the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway provided by the application significantly improves the spectrum utilization efficiency and system performance of the cross-domain communication network, and is suitable for application scenarios such as marine resource development and detection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a spectrum coordination management method for an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. BACKGROUND

[0002] The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway integrates air, sea surface and underwater communication networks to provide key support for marine exploration and resource development. However, due to complex environmental factors such as air spectrum competition, sea multi-path effect and underwater channel attenuation, the current traditional spectrum management method in China cannot meet the demand of dynamic allocation and management of spectrum resources for cross-domain communication. In the cross-domain scenario, the diversified needs and complex dynamic environment of the water and underwater links need to be considered.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a spectrum coordination management method for an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway to realize the optimal allocation and efficient use of spectrum resources, and to improve the stability, anti-interference ability and overall performance of the cross-domain communication network, thereby providing technical support for marine resource development, exploration and other applications. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problem that the spectrum resource allocation and management in the prior art is not efficient and flexible, a spectrum coordination management method for an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway is proposed. This method dynamically allocates and manages the spectrum resources of the water and underwater communication links, optimizes the utilization efficiency of the underwater acoustic spectrum and the water electromagnetic spectrum, enhances the overall performance, anti-interference ability and system stability of the cross-domain communication, and thus meets the communication needs in the complex marine environment, thereby providing solid technical support for the fields of marine resource development, exploration and the like.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] The spectrum coordination management method for the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway proposed in the present application comprises the following steps:

[0007] A, underwater acoustic spectrum management;

[0008] B, efficient adaptive time slot allocation method;

[0009] C, water electromagnetic spectrum management.

[0010] Preferably, the method for managing the underwater acoustic spectrum specifically comprises the following steps:

[0011] A1, assuming that the sound speed is fixed, the Urick model is used to calculate the sound attenuation;

[0012] A2, the Thorp formula is used to approximately calculate the absorption loss;

[0013] A3, the relationship between the noise power spectral density psd and the frequency is defined;

[0014] A4, calculate the average signal-to-noise ratio SNR of the acoustic signal transmitted at frequency f and propagating a distance d;

[0015] A5, calculate the channel capacity according to the Shannon Hartley theorem;

[0016] A6, implement the maximum-minimum fair channel allocation scheme;

[0017] A7, model the channel allocation problem as a matching problem on a bipartite graph;

[0018] A8, dynamically adjust the spectrum allocation strategy to adapt to the communication needs in different water environments.

[0019] Preferably, the efficient adaptive time slot allocation method, i.e. the spectrum on-the-fly change method, specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] B1, determine the availability of the current spectrum by real-time sensing and analysis of the underwater environment;

[0021] B2, when spectrum conflict or interference occurs, switch to a backup channel or adjust the allocation strategy in time to reduce the impact of interference;

[0022] B3, continuously optimize the spectrum allocation strategy through algorithms to adapt to the communication needs in different water environments.

[0023] Preferably, the method for controlling the electromagnetic spectrum over water, specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] C1, before task execution, each node allocates an initial frequency point according to the communication needs and task attributes;

[0025] C2, real-time dynamic management of spectrum resource allocation;

[0026] C3, automatically release the frequency point resources after communication.

[0027] Preferably, before executing the task, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway analyzes the communication needs and task attributes of all nodes, including:

[0028] a1, determine the bandwidth, communication duration and task priority required by each node;

[0029] a2, allocate different spectrum resource weights according to the function division of the nodes (such as relay nodes, sensing nodes, etc.) and the importance of the tasks;

[0030] a3, combined with the analysis results, the gateway divides the available spectrum into several frequency point sets, and allocates an initial frequency point for each node to ensure the sufficiency of communication resources when the task starts.

[0031] Preferably, during the execution of the communication task, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway monitors the use of spectrum resources in real time, including:

[0032] b1, real-time sensing of the use of each frequency point, including bandwidth occupancy, interference level and node communication state;

[0033] b2, dynamically adjusting the frequency point allocation according to the priority change or burst demand (such as emergency communication task) in the task execution;

[0034] b3, after the task is completed, the node automatically releases the occupied frequency point resources for use by other nodes;

[0035] b4, when the interference of a frequency point is serious or the priority is reduced, the gateway allocates a new available frequency point to ensure the smoothness of the communication link.

[0036] Preferably, during dynamic adjustment, the spectrum resources are optimized according to the priority allocation principle and the environment sensing optimization principle, including:

[0037] c1, high-priority tasks (such as emergency communication, key data transmission) are given priority to high-quality spectrum resources, and low-priority tasks need to wait for available frequency points;

[0038] c2, according to the dynamic change of electromagnetic environment (such as noise interference, environmental blockage, etc.), the gateway selects the frequency point with the minimum interference to allocate to the affected node.

[0039] Preferably, when the node completes the current task or enters the idle state, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway detects the idle resource and automatically recovers the frequency point, and reallocates the recovered spectrum resources according to the latest task demand, forming an efficient recycling of spectrum resources.

[0040] Preferably, the frequency point allocation strategy adopts an optimization algorithm based on the maximum-minimum fairness, which ensures that high-priority tasks are given priority while considering the overall spectrum utilization rate; after the spectrum is interfered, the temporary adjustment is carried out, including allocating available frequency points according to node priority, switching frequency points for interfered nodes, selecting the minimum interference spectrum resource allocation, and periodically evaluating the spectrum allocation efficiency for global optimization adjustment.

[0041] Compared with the related art, the spectrum coordination management method of the adaptive air-sea cross-domain communication gateway provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The technical scheme of the present application realizes the dynamic allocation and real-time adjustment of underwater acoustic spectrum and water electromagnetic spectrum, significantly improves the spectrum resource utilization efficiency, cross-domain communication performance, anti-interference ability and system stability;

[0043] The application optimizes the communication link in a complex environment, adapts to dynamic changes and reduces the influence of interference, meets the needs of multiple scenes such as ocean resource development and ocean exploration, and provides an efficient and flexible spectrum management and control scheme for the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 An example diagram of the frequency-dependent factor of the SNR of the acoustic signal of the underwater acoustic transmission in the application for the frequency band management and control of two user communications (one at 1 km and the other at 10 km) ;

[0045] Figure 2 A network model diagram applicable to the underwater acoustic spectrum management and control in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0047] The application proposes a spectrum coordination management and control method suitable for an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway, including underwater acoustic spectrum management and control, an efficient adaptive time slot allocation method, and water electromagnetic spectrum management and control.

[0048] The underwater acoustic spectrum management and control method specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] In the application, the sound speed is considered fixed, propagating at c≈1500m / s. Urick's model for the attenuation of sound transmitted at frequency f is adopted:

[0050] where d is the distance between the transmitter and the receiver, and k is the corresponding value of the path loss coefficient in terrestrial radio, used to model the geometry of the propagation, usually taking the actual value k=1.5. The factor a(f) in the above formula is called absorption loss and models the conversion of sound pressure into heat. This coefficient a(f) can be approximated by Thorp's formula:

[0051]

[0052] where A(f)=10log 10 a(f). For f in kHz, the above equation returns a(f) in dB / km. The attenuation increases with frequency, and the presence of the front exponential term a(f) d enhances the dependence of attenuation on distance.

[0053] The noise power spectral density (psd) is also frequency-dependent, usually expressed as N(f)=N t (t)+N s (f)+N w (f)+N th(f), comprising four contributions superimposed: turbulence, shipping and other human activities, wind and waves, and thermal noise in the receiver circuit. These components can be modeled as follows:

[0054] N t (f) = 17 - 30 log 10 (f)

[0055] N s (f) = 40 + 20(s - 0.5) + 26 log 10 (f) - 60 log 10 (f + 0.03)

[0056]

[0057] N th (f) = -15 + 20 log 10 (f)

[0058] where N x (f) represents 10 log 10 N x (f), x represents t, s, w, th. N s (s) is the shipping factor, representing the intensity of shipping activities on the water surface, whose value is between 0 and 1. N w The factor w in (f) is the wind speed in m / s. Different components affect the noise psd at different frequencies.

[0059] The average SNR of an acoustic signal transmitted at frequency f and propagating a distance d is defined as:

[0060]

[0061] where P T is the transmitted power, N(f) is the noise power spectral density (assumed constant in a narrow band Af around f). In the above equation, the factor [A(d, f) N(f)] -1 is the frequency dependent term. It should be noted that A(d, f) increases with frequency, while N(f) decreases. Therefore, the inverse of the product of these two factors has a maximum value for a certain frequency f0. This maximum value represents the optimal frequency for transmitting the acoustic signal.

[0062] Figure 1 The frequency dependent factor [A(d, f) N(f)] -1 is shown in Fig. for several values of d. Each line corresponds to a different distance, and the frequency range goes from 0 to 50 KHz. Figure 1 The different colored lines in Fig. represent [A(d, f) N(f)] -1The factor, red line and black line represent non-optimal and optimal allocations, respectively.

[0063] Assume f l and f r are the upper and lower frequencies of a particular channel used for communication, and assume that the signal to be transmitted has a spectrum S(f). According to the Shannon Hartley theorem, the channel capacity is:

[0064]

[0065] This definition can be applied to any signal or acoustic spectrum.

[0066] The present invention proposes a max-min fair channel allocation scheme. For any feasible channel allocation x, let C = (c x,1 ,c x,2 ,…,c x,N ) be its capacity vector, where each subscript indicates the capacity experienced on a particular channel for some feasible allocation x. If for any other feasible allocation x, let C be ordered as c x,1 ≤c x,2 ≤…≤c x,N , then for any other feasible allocation x, c x,i ≤c y,i , the feasible channel allocation y is called a max-min fair allocation.

[0067] Let N be the number of users, in the context of the present invention's underwater acoustic spectrum allocation and control, N also represents the number of channels to be allocated. The channel allocation problem is conveniently modeled as a matching problem on a bipartite graph. Let vertices i = 1, 2, …, N represent users, and let vertices j = N + 1, N + 2, …, 2N represent channels. The solution is a set of edges (i, j) A such that |A| = N, and A is a matching.

[0068] Let P be the set of all edges that can belong to a solution, i.e. P = {(i, j) | i = 1, 2, … N, j = N + 1, N + 2, …, 2N}. Our algorithm works by successively removing from P the edge with the lowest capacity until there are no more feasible solutions. Let (i, j) be the edge whose removal precludes a solution to the problem. The capacity of (i, j) is the maximum of the minimum of the channel capacities in all feasible allocations; thus, the capacity value of (i, j) will appear in the capacity vector of a max-min fair channel allocation. To find a complete max-min fair solution (i.e., all channel-user allocations), repeat the algorithm by removing all edges that appear in i or j (because user i and channel j have already been allocated), and terminate the algorithm when the problem of N - 1 users allocated to N - 1 channels is solved, i.e., when all users and channels have been allocated.

[0069] The method for real-time change of spectrum first determines the availability of the current spectrum through real-time sensing and analysis of the underwater environment; second, when spectrum conflict or interference occurs, it switches to a backup channel or adjusts the allocation strategy in a timely manner to reduce the impact of interference; finally, it continuously optimizes the spectrum allocation strategy through algorithms to adapt to the communication needs in different water environments. This dynamic and real-time spectrum management method not only effectively avoids the waste of spectrum resources, but also maximizes the overall performance and reliability of the air-sea cross-medium communication network.

[0070] The method for managing and controlling the electromagnetic spectrum on water specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] Before task execution, each node is assigned an initial frequency point based on its communication needs and task attributes, ensuring pre-planning and orderly scheduling of communication resources. However, to improve the efficiency of spectrum resource utilization, this method does not fix the allocation of frequency points, but uses a real-time dynamic management mechanism. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway monitors the actual occupation of frequency points and dynamically adjusts the allocation of spectrum resources based on the communication priority of the task, real-time needs, and changes in the environment. After communication ends, the frequency point resources will be automatically released for use by other nodes, ensuring the recycling of spectrum resources and avoiding long-term idle waste.

[0072] The following will be combined Figure 2 to explain the embodiment of the present application, which is applicable to air-sea cross-domain communication networks.

[0073] The specific embodiments of the present application are:

[0074] Before executing the task, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway analyzes the communication needs and task attributes of all nodes, mainly including: determining the required bandwidth, communication duration, and task priority of each node; assigning different spectrum resource weights based on the function division of the nodes (such as relay nodes, sensing nodes, etc.) and the importance of the task; combining the analysis results, the gateway divides the available spectrum into several frequency point sets and assigns an initial frequency point to each node, ensuring the sufficiency of communication resources when the task starts.

[0075] During the execution of the communication task, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway monitors the use of spectrum resources in real time, mainly including: real-time sensing of the use of each frequency point (including bandwidth occupancy, interference level, and node communication state); dynamically adjusting the allocation of frequency points according to changes in priority or sudden needs (such as emergency communication tasks) during task execution; after the task is completed, the node automatically releases the occupied frequency point resources for use by other nodes; when a frequency point is severely interfered or the priority is reduced, the gateway allocates a new available frequency point to ensure the smoothness of the communication link.

[0076] In the dynamic adjustment, the spectrum resource is optimized according to the priority allocation principle and the environment perception optimization principle, specifically including: high-priority tasks (such as emergency communication, key data transmission) preferentially acquire high-quality spectrum resources, and low-priority tasks need to wait for available frequency points; according to the dynamic change of the electromagnetic environment (such as noise interference, environmental blockage, etc.), the gateway selects the frequency point with the minimum interference to allocate to the affected node.

[0077] When the node completes the current task or enters the idle state, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway detects the idle resource, automatically recovers the frequency point, and re-distributes the recovered spectrum resource according to the latest task demand, forming efficient recycling of spectrum resources.

[0078] In the application, the allocation strategy of the frequency point adopts an optimization algorithm based on the maximum-minimum fairness, which ensures that high-priority tasks have priority while considering the overall spectrum utilization rate; after the spectrum is interfered, temporary adjustment is performed, and the adjustment steps are: first, the available frequency points are allocated to the node with the highest priority according to the node priority; second, the frequency point of the interfered node is switched, and the spectrum resource with the minimum interference is selected for distribution; finally, the spectrum allocation efficiency is periodically evaluated, and global optimization adjustment is performed.

[0079] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application, and it should be understood that the application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, although the application has been disclosed as above with the preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the application, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the application, can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments with the disclosed technical content, as long as it does not deviate from the technical solution of the application, according to the technical essence of the application, within the spirit and principles of the application, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiments, all still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the application.

[0080] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application, and it should be understood that the application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, although the application has been disclosed as above with the preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the application, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the application, can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments with the disclosed technical content, as long as it does not deviate from the technical solution of the application, according to the technical essence of the application, within the spirit and principles of the application, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiments, all still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the application.

Claims

1. A spectrum collaborative management method adapted to air-sea cross-domain communication gateways, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Underwater sound spectrum control, specifically including the following steps: A1. Assuming the speed of sound is constant, the Urick model is used to calculate the sound attenuation. A2. Use Thorp's formula to approximate the absorption loss. A3. Define the relationship between noise power spectral density (psd) and frequency; A4. Calculate the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an acoustic signal transmitted at a frequency of f and propagating a distance of d. A5. Calculate channel capacity based on Shannon Hartley theorem; A6. Implement the maximum-minimum fair channel allocation scheme; A7. Modeling the channel allocation problem through a matching problem on a bipartite graph; A8. Dynamically adjust spectrum allocation strategies to adapt to communication needs in different water environments; B. An efficient adaptive time slot allocation method, i.e., a spectrum on-the-fly change method, specifically includes the following steps: B1. Determine the current spectrum availability through real-time perception and analysis of the underwater environment; B2. When spectrum conflict or interference occurs, switch to the backup channel or adjust the allocation strategy in a timely manner to reduce the impact of interference; B3. Continuously optimize spectrum allocation strategies through algorithms to adapt to communication needs in different water environments; C. Maritime electromagnetic spectrum control, specifically including the following steps: C1. Before the task is executed, each node allocates an initial frequency point based on the communication requirements and task attributes; C2, real-time dynamic management of spectrum resource allocation; C3: Automatically release frequency resources after communication ends; During the communication mission, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway monitors the use of spectrum resources in real time, including: b1. Real-time perception of the usage of each frequency point, including bandwidth occupancy, interference level and node communication status; b2. Dynamically adjust frequency allocation based on priority changes or sudden demands during task execution; b3. After the task is completed, the node automatically releases the occupied frequency resources for use by other nodes; b4. When a frequency point is severely interfered with or has a lower priority, the gateway allocates a new available frequency point to ensure smooth communication links; During dynamic adjustments, spectrum resources are optimized based on the principles of priority allocation and environment-aware optimization, including: c1. High-priority tasks have priority in obtaining high-quality spectrum resources, while low-priority tasks need to wait for available frequencies; c2. Based on the dynamic changes in the electromagnetic environment, the gateway selects the frequency with the least interference and assigns it to the affected nodes; The frequency allocation strategy uses an optimization algorithm based on maximum-minimum fairness to ensure that high-priority tasks are prioritized while taking into account overall spectrum utilization. When the spectrum is interfered with, on-the-spot adjustments are made, including allocating available frequencies by node priority, switching frequencies for interfered nodes, selecting spectrum resources with minimal interference, and periodically evaluating spectrum allocation efficiency for global optimization adjustments.

2. The spectrum collaborative management method for an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before executing a mission, the Air-Sea Cross-Domain Communication Gateway analyzes the communication requirements and mission attributes of all nodes, including: a1. Determine the bandwidth, communication duration, and task priority required for each node; a2. Allocate different spectrum resource weights based on the functional division of nodes and the importance of tasks; a3. Based on the analysis results, the gateway divides the available spectrum into several frequency sets and assigns an initial frequency to each node to ensure sufficient communication resources when the task starts.

3. The spectrum collaborative management method for adapting the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When a node completes its current task or enters an idle state, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway automatically reclaims its frequency point after detecting that the resources are idle, and reallocates the recovered spectrum resources according to the latest task requirements, forming an efficient recycling utilization of spectrum resources.

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